TWI708002B - Shaft sinking device and construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The sinking device of the shaft of the present invention includes steel beams stacked on top of each other and jacks arranged between the steel beams. The steel beams are erected on the top edge of the cement shaft. By driving the jack to act, the steel beams force the cement shaft to sink. To achieve the purpose of sinking the shaft. The sinking device of the shaft can further include a hydraulic top roller set on the periphery of the cement shaft. The hydraulic top roller set includes rollers that press against the outer wall of the cement shaft. The hydraulic top roller set on the periphery of the cement shaft can be guided and ensured The cement shaft sinks vertically without deviation or tilt.

Description

Shaft sinking device and construction method

The invention relates to a sinking device, in particular to a sinking device and construction method of a shaft.

Shafts are used for sinking into the ground as a foundation for bridge piers or other buildings. In the past, the construction method of sinking a shaft into the ground was to add heavy objects directly above the shaft and use the weight of the heavy objects to sink the shaft. However, The disadvantage of this method is that the deeper the shaft sinks, the more heavy objects must be placed on the shaft to increase the weight of the downward pressure, which is less convenient in construction.

Therefore, the first object of the present invention is to provide a sinking device that uses tools to actively pressurize the shaft to sink.

Therefore, the sinking device of the shaft of the present invention is erected on a top edge of a cement shaft and a working platform, and the sinking device of the shaft includes at least one first steel beam, which is arranged across the top edge of the cement shaft. Two second steel beams are arranged at intervals on the first steel beam and alternately arranged with the first steel beam. At least two pairs of first guide rod assemblies, each pair of first The guide rod assembly is adjacent to each staggered position, and each includes a pair of rods and a pair of fixing parts, and each pair of rods penetrates their corresponding second steel beam to be located on opposite sides of the first steel beam, One end of each pair of rods protrudes out of the corresponding second steel beam, and each pair of fixing parts is arranged on the one end of each corresponding pair of rods to be fixed above the corresponding second steel beam . And at least two first jacks, each of the first jacks is set in the steel beams at each staggered position, and each includes a first base fixed in the first steel beam, and a shaft is set at each corresponding The first seat body and the second seat body close to the top of one of the corresponding second steel beams relative to the corresponding first seat body, the second seat body of each first jack can be along a first axis The first seat body is displaced from a first position to a second position. Wherein, when the second seat body of each first jack is driven from the first position to the second position along its first axis to be located in the second position, the second seat body of each first jack It is pressed against the top of each corresponding second steel beam, so that each first body pushes the first steel beam downward to push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft downward to press into the ground pit.

In one embodiment, the number of the first steel beam is two, the number of the first guide rod assembly is four pairs, the number of the first jack is four, the cement shaft is located in a pit, and The pit includes two first wall portions opposite to each other, and two second wall portions opposite to each other and connected to the first wall portions. Wherein, the first steel beams are spaced apart across the top edge of the cement shaft to be located at the same height, and the opposite ends of each first steel beam are the first steel beams extending to the pit. Above the wall. Among them, the second steel The beams are respectively located above the respective first wall portions of the pit so as to be arranged on the two ends of the respective first steel beams, and are arranged alternately with the respective first steel beams, and the first steel beams The four intersecting positions of the two steel beams and the first steel beams are respectively located above the first walls of the pit. Wherein, each pair of first guide rod assembly is adjacent to each intersection of the first steel beams and the second steel beams, and the rod of each pair of first guide rod assembly penetrates the corresponding second steel beam To be located on opposite sides of the corresponding first steel beam, so that the one end of each pair of rods is fixed in the corresponding first wall portion, and the other end of each pair of rods protrudes In addition to the corresponding second steel beams, the fixing members of each pair of first guide rod assemblies are arranged on the other end of each corresponding pair of rod members to be fixed above the respective corresponding second steel beams. Wherein, each first jack is arranged in each intersection of the first steel beams and the second steel beams, and the second seat body of each first jack can be relative to its first seat along its first axis. The body moves back and forth between the first position and the second position. Wherein, when the second seat body of each first jack moves from the first position to the second position along its first axis to be in the second position, the second seat body of each first jack It is pressed against the top of each corresponding second steel beam, so that each first seat body pushes each first steel beam downward to push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft downward to press into the ground And make the first distance between the first steel beam and the second steel beam at each intersection.

In one embodiment, the sinking device further includes two third steel beams, two fourth steel beams, four pairs of second guide rod assemblies, and four second jacks, wherein the third steel beams are Spanning the first steel beams at intervals and staggered with the first steel beams to be positioned at the same height, and the opposite ends of each third steel beam are the ones extending to the pit Above the second wall. Wherein, each fourth steel beam is located above each second wall of the pit so as to be disposed on the two ends of the corresponding third steel beam and interlaced with each corresponding third steel beam And the four staggered positions of the fourth steel beams and the third steel beams are respectively located above the second walls of the pit. Wherein, each pair of second guide rod assembly is adjacent to each intersection of the third steel beams and the fourth steel beams, and each includes a pair of rods and a pair of fixing parts, and each pair of second guide rod assemblies The rods penetrate through the corresponding fourth steel beams to be located on opposite sides of the corresponding third steel beams, so that one end of each pair of rods is fixed in the corresponding second wall, And the other end of each pair of rods is exposed outside the corresponding fourth steel beam, and the fixing piece of each pair of second guide rod assembly is set on the other end of each pair of rods to fix Above the respective fourth steel beams. Among them, each second jack is arranged in each of the intersecting places of the third steel beams and the fourth steel beams, and each includes a first base body fixed to the corresponding third steel beam, and A shaft is set on the corresponding first seat body and is close to the second seat body on the top of one of the corresponding fourth steel beams relative to the corresponding first seat body. The second seat body of each second jack can Displacement from a third position to a fourth position along a second axis relative to the first seat body. Wherein, when the second seat body of each second jack moves from the third position to the fourth position along its second axis to be in the fourth position, the second seat of each second jack The seat body is pressed against the top of the corresponding fourth steel beam, so that the first seat body corresponding to each pushes the third steel beam corresponding to the third steel beam downward to push the first steel beam The first steel beams pushed by the three steel beams push down the top edge of the cement shaft, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft to press down into the pit, and make the third steel beam and the fourth steel beam at each intersection point downward. A second distance is formed between the steel beams.

In one embodiment, the sinking device further includes at least one pair of hydraulic press top roller sets, each pair of hydraulic press top roller sets are spaced apart from the cement shaft and are set on each first wall of the pit to be adjacent to the work For the platform, each hydraulic press top roller set includes a fixed frame seat, a movable frame seat, a jack, and a roller. Wherein, each fixed frame seat is fixed to each first wall portion. Wherein, each movable frame seat is arranged on each fixed frame seat along a third axis of the corresponding fixed frame seat, and is close to the cement shaft relative to the corresponding fixed frame seat, and can be fixed relative to each corresponding fixed frame seat. The frame seat reciprocates along its third axis. Wherein, the jack of each hydraulic press top roller set has a first seat body fixed to the corresponding movable frame seat, and a first seat body arranged on each corresponding first seat body along the third axis and corresponding to each corresponding The first seat body is close to the second seat body of the corresponding first wall, and the second seat body of the jack of each hydraulic press top roller set can reciprocate along the third axis relative to the corresponding first seat body, when When the second seat body of the jack of each hydraulic press top roller group moves to the corresponding first wall part, each second seat body is pressed against the corresponding first wall part to make the corresponding first seat The movable frame seat corresponding to each body stack moves toward the direction of the cement shaft. Among them, each roller is through A pivot of each corresponding movable frame seat is pivoted on the corresponding movable frame seat and is close to the cement shaft relative to the corresponding jack, so that the second seat body of the corresponding jack is along the first When the three axes move toward the corresponding first wall portion so that the corresponding first base body pushes the corresponding movable frame base to move in the direction of the cement shaft, it can simultaneously drive the rollers to push against the cement shaft.

In one embodiment, the number of top roller sets of the hydraulic press is two pairs, wherein one pair of top roller sets of the hydraulic press is arranged on the first walls of the pit to be adjacent to the working platform, and the other pair of top roller sets of the hydraulic press The second walls are arranged in the pit to be adjacent to the working platform.

In one embodiment, the sinking device further includes a pressure-bearing cushion unit, the pressure-bearing cushion unit is located between the top edge of the cement shaft and the first steel beam for absorbing the top edge of the cement shaft and the Describe a gap between the first steel beams.

The construction method of the shaft of the present invention includes the following steps: a step (a) is to set a cement shaft in a pit. A step (b) is to erect the first steel beam, the two second steel beams, the two pairs of first guide rod assemblies, and the two first jacks on a top edge of the cement shaft so that each The second seat of a jack is in the first position. And a step (c) is that each first jack uses a first driving source to move the corresponding second seat along its first axis from the first position to the second position, so that each first jack The second seat body of a jack presses against the top of each corresponding second steel beam and makes the corresponding first seat body push the first steel beam downward successively to push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the cement The bottom edge of the shaft is pressed down into the pit.

In one embodiment, the step (b) is to erect the two first steel beams, the two second steel beams, the four pairs of first guide rod assemblies, and the four first jacks on the top edge of the cement shaft The second seat body of each first jack is in the first position, and the two third steel beams, the two fourth steel beams, and the four pairs of second guides are erected on the two first steel beams. The rod assembly and the four second jacks make the second seat body of each second jack located at the third position. And this step (c) is that each first jack uses its corresponding first driving source to move its corresponding second seat along its first axis from the first position to the second position, so that The second seat body of each first jack presses against the top of the corresponding second steel beam and causes the corresponding first seat body to push each first steel beam downward to push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the The bottom edge of the cement shaft is pressed into the pit downward, and each second jack uses a second driving source to make the corresponding second seat body move from the third position to the fourth position along its second axis. Position so that the second seat body of each second jack presses against the top of the corresponding fourth steel beam and the corresponding first seat body pushes the corresponding third steel beam, so that the The first steel beams pushed by the third steel beam successively push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft downward to press into the pit.

In one embodiment, the construction method further includes a step (c-1) performed after the step (c): adjusting the second steel beam downward to contact the first steel beam, and making each first jack The second seat body of the top is reset to the first position, and the fixing of each first guide rod assembly The fixing pieces are respectively fixed above each second steel beam so that each second steel beam cannot be positioned. Adjust the fourth steel beam to contact the third steel beam downward, and reset the second base of each second jack to the third position, and fix the fixing parts of each second guide rod assembly to each Above the fourth steel beam so that each fourth steel beam can be positioned immobile, and then proceed to step (c). .

In one embodiment, in this step (c), the jack of each hydraulic press top roller set is further made to move its second seat along its third axis through a third driving source, so that the jack of each hydraulic press top roller set When the second seat body of the jack moves toward the corresponding wall, the second seat body of the jack of each hydraulic press top roller group is pressed against the corresponding wall to make the corresponding first seat body push each When the corresponding movable frame seat moves toward the cement shaft, it can simultaneously drive the rollers to push against the cement shaft to correct the downward sinking direction of the cement shaft.

The effect of the present invention is that only the second seat body of each first jack is pressed against the top of the corresponding second steel beam through the sinking device and the corresponding first seat body is pushed During the process of the first steel beam, the bottom edge of the cement shaft can be effectively pushed downward through the first steel beam to push the top edge of the cement shaft downward into the pit.

10: Cement shaft

101: The top edge of the shaft

102: bottom edge

104: pit

106: pit bottom

107: work platform

11: The first wall

111: Anchor

112: Channel

12: The second wall

121: Anchor

122: Channel

21: The first steel beam

211: End

22: The second steel beam

23: The third steel beam

231: End

24: The fourth steel beam

31: The first guide rod assembly

311: Rod

312: fixed parts

32: The first jack

321: First Block

322: Second Block

41: second guide rod assembly

411: rod

412: fixed parts

42: Second jack

421: First Block

422: Second Block

5: Hydraulic press top roller set

51: fixed frame seat

52: movable frame seat

521: Pivot

53: Jack

531: First Block

532: Second Block

54: Wheel

6: Pressure cushion unit

61: Pressure gasket

7: Guide track

a ₁ : first axis

a ₂ : second axis

a ₃ : third axis

D ₁ : first spacing

D ₂ : second spacing

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the sinking device of the shaft of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a schematic top view illustrating the sinking device of the embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 3 is along the broken line III-III of Fig. 2 An incomplete partial cross-sectional view is obtained; FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of FIG. 3, illustrating the implementation of a first jack and a second seat body of the embodiment of the present invention in a first position; Figure 5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram illustrating the embodiment of the present invention when the second base of the first jack is in a second position; Figure 6 is taken along the line VI-VI of Figure 2 An incomplete partial cross-sectional view; FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged schematic view of FIG. 6, illustrating the embodiment of the present invention when one of the second jacks and one of the second bases are in a third position; FIG. 8 is A partial enlarged schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the second base of the second jack in this embodiment of the present invention in a fourth position; FIG. 9 is a schematic front view illustrating a hydraulic top of the embodiment of the present invention Roller set; Figure 10 is an incomplete partial cross-sectional side view taken along the line XX in Figure 9, illustrating the implementation of the hydraulic press top roller set of this embodiment of the present invention is spaced apart from a cement shaft; Figure 11 is An incomplete partial cross-sectional side view illustrating that a second seat body of a jack of the hydraulic press top roller set of this embodiment of the present invention is facing a first axis along a third axis A wall moves so that a second base body pushes a movable frame base to move toward the cement shaft while driving a roller to push against the cement shaft; Figure 12 is a partial cross-sectional front view illustrating the present invention A step (a) of the construction method of the shaft of this embodiment; Figure 13 is a partial sectional front view illustrating a step (b) of the construction method of the shaft of this embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 14 is a partial sectional front view The figure illustrates a step (c) of the construction method of the shaft of the embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, an embodiment of the sinking device of the shaft of the present invention is partially erected on a top edge 101 of a shaft of a cement shaft 10 and partially connected to a working platform 107. A bottom edge 102 of the cement shaft 10 faces a pit 104. The pit 104 referred to here is the location area where the cement shaft 10 is expected to sink, and the pit 104 in this embodiment is dug down about 2 to 3 meters in advance. For the convenience of construction, in this embodiment The outer periphery of the pit 104 is pre-built as two opposite walls, so the pit 104 has two opposite first walls 11 and the other two opposite second walls 12, the function of which will be described later. In addition, the top edges of the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 12 are connected to concrete panels extending outward to form a working platform 107.

The sinking device of the shaft in this embodiment of the present invention includes two first steel beams 21. Two second steel beams 22, four pairs of first guide rod assemblies 31, four first jacks 32, two third steel beams 23, two fourth steel beams 24, four pairs of second guide rod assemblies 41, four The second jack 42, four hydraulic press top roller sets 5, and a pressure pad unit 6.

Referring to FIGS. 2 to 5, the first steel beams 21 are spaced apart and straddle the top edge 101 of the cement shaft 10 to be at the same height, and the opposite ends of each first steel beam 21 211 extends above the first wall portions 11, and the direction of the first steel beam 21 is substantially parallel to the second wall portion 12.

The second steel beams 22 are arranged on the first steel beams 21 at intervals and straddle the first steel beams 21 in a cross direction perpendicular to the first steel beams 21 to form a cross. Each second steel beam 22 is located above each first wall portion 11 in a substantially parallel direction, so as to be disposed on the two end portions 211 close to each corresponding first steel beam 21 (as shown in FIG. 2), so that the The four staggered positions between the second steel beams 22 and the first steel beams 21 are respectively located above the first wall portions 11.

Referring to FIG. 3, each pair of first guide rod assemblies 31 is adjacent to each intersection of the first steel beams 21 and the second steel beams 22, and each includes a pair of rod members 311 and a pair of fixing members 312. The rods 311 of each pair of the first guide rod assemblies 31 have their top ends through their corresponding second steel beams 22 and are located on opposite sides of their corresponding first steel beams 21, so that the first steel beams 21 are between Between the rods 311 of each pair of first guide rod assemblies 31.

The rod 311 of each pair of the first guide rod assembly 31 protrudes upward. The top end of the second steel beam 22 is fixed to the corresponding second steel beam 22 by a fixing member 312. Each pair of rods The bottom end of the member 311 penetrates the corresponding first wall 11. In this embodiment, in order to provide positioning of the bottom end of the rod 311, a pair of anchors with internal threaded holes are embedded in the first wall 11 in advance. The firmware 111 is used for the rod 311 to extend into the bottom end of the first wall portion 11 to be locked. At this time, the second steel beam 22 corresponding to each is defined as a first position on the top edge 101 of the shaft of the cement shaft 10 Scheduled height.

Each first jack 32 is arranged in each intersection of the first steel beams 21 and the second steel beams 22, and each includes a first seat fixed to the corresponding first steel beam 21 The body 321 and a shaft are arranged on the corresponding first seat body 321 and are close to the corresponding second seat body 322 of the top of the second steel beam 22 with respect to the respective first seat body 321. The second seat body 322 of each first jack 32 can move back and forth along a first axis a ₁ relative to the stroke distance of the first seat body 321 between a first position and a second position.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the second base 322 of each first jack 32 is located at the first position and does not move to the second position, the second steel beam 22 and the first steel beam at each of the four staggered positions 21 is touching each other.

As shown in FIG. 5, when the second seat body 322 of each first jack 32 is displaced from the first position to the second position along its first axis a _1, the second position of each first jack 32 The seat body 322 is pressed against the top of the corresponding second steel beam 22, and because the fixing member 312 has been fixed above the second steel beam 22, the second steel beam 22 will not receive the first jack 32. The second seat body 322 of the second seat body 322 is pushed upward and displaced upward, so that each first seat body 321 pushes the first steel beam 21 to move downward and away from the second steel beam 22, so that each first steel beam can be pushed The beam 21 pushes down the top edge 101 of the cement shaft 10, forcing the bottom edge 102 of the cement shaft 10 downward to press into the pit 104, and make the first steel beam 21 and the second steel beam 22 at each intersection A first distance D _{1 is} formed between them, so that the first jack 32 is used to press against the first steel beam 21 to force the shaft 10 to sink.

Specifically, each first jack 32 is a hydraulic jack. When the hydraulic jack is in an oil-filled state, each second seat body 322 shafted in each first seat body 321 and their respective The two corresponding first seat bodies 321 will push each other due to the hydraulic oil filled between the first and second seat bodies 321 and 322, so that the second seat body 322 of each first jack 32 Against the top of each corresponding second steel beam 22, and based on the fact that each second steel beam 22 is positioned at the first predetermined height of the cement shaft 10, the first seat of each first jack 32 The body 321 is also fixed to each first steel beam 22; therefore, the first and second base bodies 321 and 322 pushing each other make the first base body 321 of each first jack 32 push the cement shaft 10 The top edge 101 of the shaft forces the bottom edge 102 of the cement shaft 20 to be pressed downward into the pit 104 to form the first distance D ₁ between the first steel beam 21 and the second steel beam 22 at each intersection.

Referring to Figure 2 again, and in conjunction with Figures 6, 7 and 8, the third steel beams 23 are arranged on the first steel beams 21 at intervals, and the direction of the third steel beams 23 The second steel beams 22 are substantially parallel to and located between the second steel beams 22, and the two ends 231 of each third steel beam 23 extend above the second wall portions 12.

Each fourth steel beam 24 is located above each second wall portion 12 in a direction parallel to the first steel beam 21, so as to be disposed on the two end portions 231 of the third steel beam 23 corresponding to each other, and are connected to the respective The corresponding third steel beams 23 are staggered, and the four staggered positions of the fourth steel beams 24 and the third steel beams 24 are located in the second wall portions 12 of the pit 104, respectively Above.

Each pair of second guide rod assemblies 41 are adjacent to the intersecting positions of the third steel beams 23 and the fourth steel beams 24, and each includes a pair of rod members 411 and a pair of fixing members 412. The top ends of the rods 411 of each pair of second guide rod assemblies 41 penetrate through the corresponding fourth steel beams 24, and are located on opposite sides of the corresponding third steel beams 23, so that the third steel beams 23 are located between each Between the rods 411 of the second guide rod assembly 41, the bottom ends of each pair of rods 411 penetrate through the respective pairs of passages 112 of the corresponding second wall portion 12. In this embodiment, to provide rods The bottom end of 411 is positioned by embedding a pair of anchors 121 with internal threaded holes in the second wall 12 in advance for the rod 411 to extend into the bottom end of the second wall 12 to be locked. At this time, define the corresponding The fourth steel beam 24 is positioned at a second predetermined height of the top edge 101 of the concrete shaft 10.

Each second jack 42 is arranged in each of the intersecting places of the third steel beams 23 and the fourth steel beams 24, and each includes a first base body fixed to the corresponding third steel beam 23 421 and a shaft are arranged on the corresponding first base 421 and close to the second base 422 of the top of the fourth steel beam 24 relative to the corresponding first base 421. The second seat body 422 of each second jack 42 can move back and forth along a second axis a ₂ relative to the first seat body 421 of the stroke distance between a third position and a fourth position.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the second seat 422 of each second jack 42 is in the third position and does not move to the fourth position, the fourth steel beam 24 and the third steel beam 23 at each intersection Is touching each other.

FIG Second, when each of the second jack 42 of the second seat member 422 to move the fourth position along a second axis which is a ₂ bit from the third position, each second jack 42 8 The seat body 422 is pressed against the top of the corresponding fourth steel beam 24, and because the fixing member 412 has been fixed above the fourth steel beam 24, the fourth steel beam 24 will not receive the second jack 42. The second seat body 422 of the second seat body 422 is displaced upward by the force of the upper thrust, so that the corresponding first seat body 421 pushes the third steel beam 23 downward and away from the fourth steel beam 24, so that they can push each The corresponding third steel beams 23 push the first steel beams 21 downwards, so that the first steel beams 21 pushed by the third steel beams 23 push downwards the top edge 101 of the cement shaft 10 , The bottom edge 103 of the cement shaft 10 is forced downward into the pit 104, and a second distance D _{2 is} formed between the third steel beam 23 and the fourth steel beam 24 at each intersection (see FIG. 8). Each second jack 42 is also a hydraulic jack, and its detailed operating principle has been set out above, so it will not be repeated here.

1 and 2, and in conjunction with FIGS. 9-13, one of the two pairs of hydraulic press top roller sets 5 is respectively corresponding to the first wall portions 11 of the pit 104 and is adjacent to the work Platform 107, the other of the two pairs of hydraulic press top roller sets 5 One pair corresponds to the second wall portions 12 of the pit 104 and is adjacent to the working platform 107. Each pair of hydraulic press top roller sets 5 are arranged toward the cement shaft 10 and each includes a fixed frame base 51, a movable frame base 52, a jack 53, and a roller 54.

The hydraulic press top roller set 5 of this embodiment of the present invention is illustrated with the hydraulic press top roller set 5 set on the first wall 11 shown in FIGS. 9, 10, 11 as an example, and the hydraulic press set on each second wall 12 The detailed structure of the top roller set 5 is the same, and will not be repeated here. As shown in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11, each fixed frame base 51 is fixed to each first wall portion 11.

Each holder 52 is movable frame along the fixed frame corresponding to each seat a third axis fixed to the seat frame is provided to each of a _3-axis fixed bezel 51, and the relative corresponding to each of 51 the shaft 51 near the cement 10 and can relatively fixing frame corresponding to each seat 51 reciprocates along a third axis ₃ travel distance.

The jack 53 of each hydraulic press top roller set 5 has a first seat body 531 fixed to the corresponding movable frame seat 52, and a first seat body 531 arranged on each corresponding first seat body 531 along the third axis a ₃ axis. The second seat body 532 of the corresponding first wall 11 is close to the corresponding first seat body 531, and the second seat body 532 of the jack 53 of each hydraulic press top roller set 5 can be relative to the corresponding first seat body 532. The seat 531 reciprocates along the third axis a ₃ . When the second seat body 532 of the jack 53 of each hydraulic press top roller set 5 moves toward the corresponding first wall 11, each second seat 532 abuts against the corresponding first wall 11 to make The corresponding first base body 531 pushes the corresponding movable frame base 52 to move toward the cement shaft 10.

Each roller 54 is pivoted on the corresponding movable frame seat 52 through a pivot 521 of the corresponding movable frame seat 52, and is close to the cement shaft 10 with respect to the corresponding jack 53, so that each corresponding The second seat body 532 of the jack 53 moves along the third axis a ₃ toward the corresponding first wall portion 11, so that the corresponding first seat body 531 pushes the corresponding movable frame seat 52 toward When the cement shaft moves in the direction 10, the rollers 54 can be driven to push against the cement shaft 10 at the same time. The jack 53 of each hydraulic press to push the roller set 5 in this embodiment of the present invention is also a hydraulic jack. The detailed operating principle has been set forth above, and will not be repeated here.

In this embodiment, considering the need to install the hydraulic press top roller set 5, the pit 104 is dug in advance to a depth of about 2-3 meters, and the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 12 are formed to install the hydraulic press The top roller set 5, therefore, if the requirement of installing the top roller set 5 of the hydraulic press is not considered, or the installation position is changed, in another implementation aspect, the pit 104 may not be pre-dug.

In addition, in this embodiment, the outer wall surface of the cement shaft 10 corresponds to the positions of the four sets of hydraulic press top roller sets 5, and four guide rails 7 are provided to provide the rollers 54 of each hydraulic press top roller set 5 to guide Guide rail 7 to scroll. Taking the hydraulic press top roller set 5 set on the first wall 11 shown in Figures 9, 10, 11 as an example, each guide rail 7 is specifically a U-shaped steel frame, and has an attached to the outer wall of the cement shaft 10 Base wall 71 and one open The opening 72 and the roller 54 are in rolling contact with the base wall 71 and located in the opening 72. The function of the guide rail 7 will be described later.

4, 5, 7 and 8, the pressure cushion unit 6 is located between the top edge 101 of the cement shaft 10 and the first steel beam 21 to absorb the top of the cement shaft 10 There is a gap between the edge 101 and the first steel beam 21, and the pressure-bearing pad unit 6 also has a shaft top edge 101 that allows the downward pressure from the first steel beam 21 to be applied to the cement shaft 10 evenly. Specifically, the pressure-bearing pad unit 6 has four pressure-bearing pads 61 sandwiched between the top edge 101 of the cement shaft 10 and the first steel beams 21, and each pressure-bearing pad 61 is made of different hardness. Made of high metal materials. For example, each pressure-bearing gasket 61 may be made of aluminum (Al) or lead plate, but it is not limited thereto.

Referring to Figures 12 to 14, an embodiment of the construction method of the shaft of the present invention is implemented using the sinking device of the shaft described in the above embodiment, which sequentially includes the following steps: a step (a0) forming a working platform 107. One step (a) sets up a cement shaft 10, one step (b) sets up a sinking device, and one step (c) performs caisson operations.

Referring to Figure 12, in step (a0), within the scope of the pit 104, before the cement shaft 10 is formed, a working platform 107 is constructed in the area outside the pit 104, so that subsequent personnel and machines can work After the first wall 11 and the second wall 12 are applied to the platform 107, step (a) is performed.

The step (a) is to set the cement shaft 10 in the pit 104. In this embodiment, the cement shaft 10 is formed by grouting directly on the area of the pit 104 to be sunk well.

Referring to FIG. 12, in this embodiment, after step (a) is completed, in order to facilitate the subsequent caisson operation, the first wall 11 and the second wall 12 of the pit 104 can be provided with hydraulic top roller sets 5 And a guide rail 7 is provided on the outer wall surface of the formed cement shaft 10. Among them, the hydraulic press top roller set 5 is as described above, four sets are respectively arranged on the first wall portion 11 and the second wall portion 12, so they are located in the four directions of the cement shaft 10, through the hydraulic press top roller set 5 in four directions Maintain the sinking direction of the cement shaft 10 not to deviate. And in order to ensure that the hydraulic machine top roller set 5 guides the sinking direction of the cement shaft 10, after the cement shaft 10 is formed, the guide rail 7 is set on the outer wall of the cement shaft 10, and corresponds to the four sets of hydraulic machine top roller sets 5轮轮54.

Referring to Figure 13, the step (b) is to erect the two first steel beams 21, the two second steel beams 22, the four pairs of first guide rod assemblies 31, and the four The first jack 32 makes the first steel beam 21 and the second steel beam 22 at each intersection contact each other so that the second seat body 322 of each first jack 32 is located at the first position, and is positioned at the two The two third steel beams 23, the two fourth steel beams 24, the four pairs of second guide rod assemblies 41, and the four second jacks 42 are erected on the first steel beam 21, so that the third The steel beam 23 and the fourth steel beam 24 are in contact with each other so that the second seat body 422 of each second jack 42 is located at the third position.

Referring to FIG. 14, the step (c) is that each first jack 32 uses a first driving source (not shown) to make the corresponding second seat body 322 from the first position along its first axis a ₁ The travel distance of the displacement to the second position, so that the second seat body 322 of each first jack 32 presses against the top of the corresponding second steel beam 22 and pushes the corresponding first seat body 321 Each first steel beam 21 leaves the second steel beam 22 downwards and pushes the top edge 101 of the concrete shaft 10, forcing the bottom edge 102 of the concrete shaft 10 to press down into the bottom 106 of the pit 104. In addition, each second jack 42 uses a second drive source (not shown) to make the corresponding second seat body 422 move from the third position to the fourth position along its second axis a ₂ Distance so that the second base 422 of each second jack 42 abuts the top of the corresponding fourth steel beam 24, and the corresponding first base 421 pushes the corresponding third steel The beam 23 makes the first steel beams 21 pushed by the third steel beams 23 move downwards away from the fourth steel beam 24 and push the top edge 101 of the cement shaft 10 to force the bottom edge of the cement shaft 10 102 is pressed down into the pit 104.

Since when the first jack 32 and the third jack 42 reach the second position and the fourth position, respectively, it is already the maximum extension stroke of the jack. Therefore, the next step (c-1): adjust the first jack The two steel beams 22 move down to contact the first steel beam 21 again, so that the second base 322 of the first jack 32 is reset to the first position and the fixing members 312 of each first guide rod assembly 31 are fixed again Place the second steel beams 22 above the second steel beams 22 so that the second steel beams 22 will not move, and adjust the downward displacement of the fourth steel beams 24 until they contact the third steel beams 23 again, so that the second jacks 42 The seat body 422 is reset to the third position, and the fixing member 412 of each second guide rod assembly 41 is fixed above each fourth steel beam 24 again to make each fourth steel beam 24 not move. Then, The first jack 32 and the second jack 42 can be driven again to move to the second position and the fourth position, respectively The first steel beam 21 and the third steel beam 23 can press the cement shaft 10 downward and sink deeper into the pit 104 again through the first steel beam 21 and the third steel beam 23. In this way, the sinking device can be used to force the cement shaft 10 gradually sinks.

In detail, the guide rods 311, 411 and the fixing members 312, 412 of each pair of guide rod assemblies 31, 41 of this embodiment of the present invention are respectively a pair of screw and nut screwed with each other, and each jack 32, 42 is a hydraulic jack as described above. Therefore, when performing step (c), as long as the first and second jacks 32 and 42 are contracted through the first and second driving sources (not shown), the total of the first and second jacks 32 and 42 is The height will be reduced. At the same time, the second and fourth steel beams 22, 24, which were originally pushed against the second bases 322, 422 of the first and second jacks 32, 42 due to oil filling, also Because the first and second jacks 32, 42 of the total height are reduced, they will move downwards to contact the corresponding first and third steel beams 21, 23. At this time, only the first and second guide rod assemblies 31, The other end of the rod member (ie, the screw) 311, 411 of 41 is adjusted downward to adjust the corresponding second and fourth steel beams 22, 24 and the fixing parts 312, 412 (ie, the nut), and make each fixing part (I.e., nuts) 312, 412 are fixed on the respective corresponding second and fourth steel beams 22, 24, and the corresponding second and fourth steel beams 22, 24 are fixedly positioned, and the foregoing can be repeated again action. The construction method of this embodiment of the present invention, through the sinking device of this embodiment, can reduce manpower and machinery such as pressurizing and unloading with steel rails, steel ingots, or stacking with cement blocks, etc., and it is also easier to lift the cement shaft 10 Aging time when sinking.

It is worth mentioning that in the construction method of the shaft of this embodiment of the present invention, during this step (c), as shown in FIG. 11, the jack 53 of each hydraulic press top roller set 5 can be operated to pass through a third The driving source (not shown in the figure) makes its second seat body 532 reciprocate along its third axis a ₃ so that the second seat body 532 of the jack 53 of each hydraulic press tops the roller set 5 toward the corresponding wall 11 ( 12) When moving, the second seat 532 of the jack 53 of each hydraulic press top roller set 5 is pressed against the corresponding wall 11 (12), so that the corresponding first seat 531 pushes the corresponding When the movable frame seat 52 moves toward the cement shaft 10, it can simultaneously drive the rollers 54 to push against the cement shaft 10 at the same time.

In particular, the utility of the roller 54 in the top roller set 5 of each hydraulic press is that the four-directional rollers 54 are all pressed against the cement shaft 10 to maintain or correct the vertical sinking direction of the cement shaft 10 , It has the function of monitoring and guiding the cement shaft 10 to keep vertical downward, especially when the cement shaft 10 is sinking, because the ground is soft in some areas, the four-directional roller 54 is used to resist the cement shaft 10, It can also prevent the cement shaft 10 from tilting. In addition, the rolling contact between the roller 54 and the outer wall of the cement shaft 10 also reduces friction. The setting of the guide track 7 can also ensure the directionality of the displacement of the roller 54 relative to the cement shaft 10 when the cement shaft 10 sinks under pressure. In addition, since the cement shaft 10 will continue to sink under pressure, if the length of the guide rail 7 is insufficient or the number of guide rails 7 is limited, the guide rail 7 that will sink with the cement shaft 10 can also be adopted when the cement shaft 10 sinks to a certain depth. Move up to use a single guide The guide rail 7 repeatedly guides the roller 54.

In the construction method of this embodiment of the present invention, the jacks 32, 42 and the jack 53 can be driven synchronously through different hydraulic pump systems.

In summary, the sinking device of the shaft and the construction method of the shaft of the present invention only need to pass through the second seats 322, 422, and 532 of the first and second jacks 32, 42 to press against their corresponding second , The top of the four steel beams 22, 24 so that the corresponding first base body 321, 421 pushes the first and third steel beams 21, 23, so that the bottom edge 102 of the cement shaft 10 can pass through the 1. The three steel beams 21 and 23 effectively push the top edge 101 of the cement shaft 10 downward to press down into the bottom 106 of the pit 104, and during the operation, it is only necessary to loosen the fixings again. Pieces (that is, nuts) 312, 412 can easily adjust the second and fourth steel beams 22, 24 to contact the first and third steel beams 21, 23, so as to quickly make the cement shaft 10 continue to be lowered successively. It can reduce the manpower and tools such as the upper pressure and unloading of the rail bundles, and improve the time efficiency of the cement shaft 10 when it sinks, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification still belong to Within the scope of the patent for the present invention.

10 Cement shaft 321 First body 101 Top edge of shaft 322 Second block 102 Bottom edge 41 Second guide rod assembly 103 Soil body 42 Second jack 104 Pit 421 First body 107 Work platform 422 Second block 11 First wall 5 Top roller set of hydraulic press 12 Second wall 6 Pressure cushion unit twenty one The first steel beam 7 Guide track twenty two Second steel beam a ₁ First axis twenty three Third steel beam a ₂ Second axis twenty four The fourth steel beam D ₁ First spacing 31 First guide rod assembly D ₂ Second spacing 32 First jack

Claims (9)

A sinking device of a shaft is erected on a top edge of a cement shaft and a working platform. The sinking device of the shaft includes: at least one first steel beam, which is arranged across the top edge of the cement shaft; Two steel beams are arranged at intervals on the first steel beam and alternately arranged with the first steel beam; at least two pairs of first guide rod assemblies, each pair of first guide rod assemblies are adjacent to each interlace, and each includes A pair of rods and a pair of fixed parts, each pair of rods penetrates their corresponding second steel beam to be located on opposite sides of the first steel beam, and one end of each pair of rods extends to the corresponding one Outside the second steel beam, each pair of fixing members is arranged at the end of each corresponding pair of rod members to be fixed above the respective corresponding second steel beam; and at least two first jacks, each first The jacks are arranged in the steel beams at each staggered position, and each includes a first seat body fixed in the first steel beam, and a shaft is arranged on the corresponding first seat body and is opposite to the corresponding first seat body. A second seat close to the top of one of the corresponding second steel beams; wherein, the cement shaft is located in a pit, the pit includes two first walls arranged opposite to each other, and two oppositely arranged and The second wall part connected to the first wall parts; wherein the first steel beams are spaced apart across the top edge of the cement shaft to be located at the same height, and the first steel beams are opposite The two ends extend above the first walls of the pit; wherein each second steel beam corresponds to each first wall of the pit. The upper part is arranged on the two ends of the first steel beam corresponding to each other and alternately arranged with the first steel beam corresponding to each other, and the second steel beams and the first steel beams are staggered with each other The four intersections are respectively located above the first walls of the pit; wherein each pair of first guide rod assemblies are adjacent to the intersections of the first steel beams and the second steel beams , The rods of each pair of first guide rod assemblies penetrate through the corresponding second steel beams to be located on opposite sides of the corresponding first steel beams, so that one end of each pair of rods is fixed to each In the corresponding first wall portion, the other end of each pair of rod members protrudes out of the corresponding second steel beam, and the fixing members of each pair of first guide rod assembly are arranged in each corresponding pair The other end of the rod is fixed above the corresponding second steel beam; wherein, each first jack is arranged in each intersection of the first steel beams and the second steel beams, The second seat body of each first jack can reciprocate along its first axis relative to the first seat body between the first position and the second position; and in this, when the second seat of each first jack When the body moves along its first axis from the first position to the second position to be in the second position, the second seat body of each first jack abuts the top of the corresponding second steel beam , So that each first block body pushes each first steel beam downward to push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft downward to press into the pit, and make the first steel beam at each intersection and The first distance is formed between the second steel beams. The sinking device of the shaft according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first steel beam is two, the number of the first guide rod assembly is four pairs, and the first jack The number of tops is four. The sinking device of the shaft according to claim 2, further comprising two third steel beams, two fourth steel beams, four pairs of second guide rod assemblies and four second jacks, wherein the third steel beams Are spaced across the first steel beams and alternately arranged with the first steel beams to be at the same height, and the opposite ends of each third steel beam extend to the pit Above the second wall; where each fourth steel beam is located above each second wall of the pit so as to be arranged on the two ends of the third steel beam corresponding to each other and correspond to each The third steel beams are staggered, and the four staggered positions of the fourth steel beams and the third steel beams are located above the second walls of the pit; The second guide rod assembly is adjacent to the intersection of the third steel beams and the fourth steel beams, and each includes a pair of rods and a pair of fixing parts, and each pair of rods of the second guide rod assembly It penetrates the corresponding fourth steel beam to be located on the opposite sides of the corresponding third steel beam, so that one end of each pair of rods is fixed in the corresponding second wall, and each pair The other end of the rod is exposed outside the corresponding fourth steel beam, and the fixing parts of each pair of the second guide rod assembly are arranged on the other end of the corresponding pair of rods to be fixed to the respective Above the corresponding fourth steel beam; wherein, each second jack is arranged in each of the third steel beams and the fourth steel beams, and each includes a third steel beam fixed to each corresponding The first seat body of the steel beam and a shaft are arranged on the corresponding first seat body and are close to the corresponding fourth steel beam relative to the corresponding first seat body One of the second seat bodies at the top, the second seat body of each second jack can reciprocate along a second axis relative to the first seat body between a third position and a fourth position; wherein, when each When the second seat body of the second jack moves from the third position to the fourth position along its second axis to be in the fourth position, the second seat body of each second jack is pressed against The tops of the respective fourth steel beams, so that the corresponding first seat body pushes the corresponding third steel beams downwards to push the first steel beams downwards, so that those pushed by the third steel beams The first steel beams push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft downward to press into the pit, and form a first steel beam between the third steel beam and the fourth steel beam at each intersection. Two spacing. The sinking device for a shaft according to claim 3, further comprising at least one pair of hydraulic top roller sets, each pair of hydraulic press top roller sets are spaced apart from the cement shaft and are set on each first wall of the pit. Adjacent to the working platform, each hydraulic press top roller set includes a fixed frame seat, a movable frame seat, a jack, and a roller; wherein, each fixed frame seat is fixed to each first wall; wherein, each movable frame seat is Axes are arranged on each fixed frame seat along a third axis of the corresponding fixed frame seat, and are close to the cement shaft relative to each corresponding fixed frame seat, and can be arranged along its third axis relative to the respective fixed frame seat Reciprocating movement; wherein the jacks of each hydraulic press top roller set have a first seat body fixed to the corresponding movable frame seat, and a first seat body arranged on each corresponding first seat body along the third axis and opposite to each The corresponding first seat The second seat body close to the corresponding first wall part, and the second seat body of the jack of each hydraulic press top roller set can reciprocate along the third axis relative to the corresponding first seat body, when each hydraulic press top roller When the second bases of the jacks in the group move toward their corresponding first wall, each second base abuts the corresponding first wall to make each corresponding first base stack each The corresponding movable frame seat moves toward the direction of the cement shaft; wherein, each roller is pivoted on the corresponding movable frame seat through a pivot of the corresponding movable frame seat and is opposite to the corresponding jack Close to the cement shaft, make the second base of the jack corresponding to each move along the third axis toward the corresponding first wall, so that the corresponding first base pushes the corresponding movable frame seat When moving in the direction of the cement shaft, each roller can be driven to push against the cement shaft at the same time. The sinking device for a shaft according to claim 4, wherein the number of top roller sets of the hydraulic press is two pairs, and the pair of top roller sets of the hydraulic press are the ones set in the pit as described in claim 4 The first wall is adjacent to the working platform, and the other pair of hydraulic press top roller sets are arranged in the second wall of the pit to be adjacent to the working platform. The sinking device for a shaft according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a pressure-bearing cushion unit located between the top edge of the cement shaft and the first steel beam, It is used to absorb a gap between the top edge of the cement shaft and the first steel beam. A construction method of a shaft includes the following steps: a step (a) is to set a cement shaft in a pit; A step (b) is to erect the first steel beam, the two second steel beams, the two pairs of first guide rod assemblies, and the two first steel beams as described in claim 1 on a top edge of the cement shaft Jack, make the second seat body of each first jack be in the first position; a step (c) is that each first jack uses a first driving source to make each corresponding second seat body Displacement from the first position to the second position along the first axis, so that the second seat of each first jack presses against the top of the corresponding second steel beam and makes the corresponding first seat Push the first steel beam downward to push the top edge of the cement shaft one by one, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft downward to press into the pit; wherein, the step (b) is to erect the top edge of the cement shaft as requested The two first steel beams, the two second steel beams, the four pairs of first guide rod assemblies, and the four first jacks described in item 2 make the second seat of each first jack be positioned The first position, and the two third steel beams, the two fourth steel beams, the four pairs of second guide rod assemblies, and the four second steel beams as described in claim 3 are erected on the two first steel beams Jacks, so that the second seat body of each second jack is located at the third position; and in step (c), each first jack uses its corresponding first drive source to set its corresponding first The two seat bodies are displaced from the first position to the second position along their first axis, so that the second seat body of each first jack presses against the top of the corresponding second steel beam and makes each corresponding The first body pushes each first steel beam downward to push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft downward into the pit, and each second jack uses a second driving source to make each The corresponding second seat body is divided from the third The position is shifted to the fourth position so that the second seat body of each second jack presses against the top of the corresponding fourth steel beam and the corresponding first seat body pushes the corresponding third With steel beams, the first steel beams pushed by the third steel beams successively push the top edge of the cement shaft downward, forcing the bottom edge of the cement shaft downward into the pit. The construction method of the shaft described in claim 7 further includes a step (c-1) performed after the step (c): adjusting the second steel beam downward to contact the first steel beam, and making each second steel beam The second seat body of a jack is reset to the first position, and the fixing parts of each first guide rod assembly are respectively fixed on the upper part of each second steel beam so that each second steel beam does not move; adjust the first position The four steel beams touch the third steel beam downwards, and the second seat body of each second jack is reset to the third position, and the fixing parts of each second guide rod assembly are fixed to each fourth steel Above the beam so that the fourth steel beams can be positioned immobile, and then proceed to step (c). The construction method of the shaft according to claim 7, wherein, in this step (c), the jacks of the top roller sets of each hydraulic press according to claim 4 or 5 are made to pass through a third driving source to make the second The body is displaced along its third axis, so that when the second seat body of the jack of each hydraulic press top roller group moves toward the corresponding wall, the second seat body of the jack of each hydraulic press top roller group is pressed against the respective When the corresponding wall parts push the corresponding movable frame base to move toward the cement shaft by the corresponding first body, it can simultaneously drive the rollers to push against the cement shaft to correct the downward sinking of the cement shaft. The orientation.

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