TWI705616B - Antenna apparatus, communication apparatus and steering adjustment method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna apparatus, a communication apparatus and a steering adjustment method thereof are provided. The antenna apparatus includes an antenna structure. The antenna structure includes an antenna unit. The antenna unit includes ifeeding ports, where iis an integer larger than 2. Vector of each feeding port is controlled independently. In the method, a designated direction is determined, where the designated direction corresponds to beam directionality of the antenna structure. In addition, the vector of the antenna unit is configured according to the designated direction. Accordingly, the antenna size can be reduced, and beam steering in multi-direction would be achieved.

Description

Antenna device, communication device and steering adjustment method

The invention relates to an antenna technology, and more particularly to a multi-polarized antenna device, a communication device and a steering adjustment method.

The electromagnetic waves radiated from the antenna can form an electric field and a magnetic field, and the direction of the electric field is the polarization direction of the antenna. The electromagnetic waves that can be received and/or radiated by antennas with different polarization characteristics are different due to differences in the polarization directions of the antennas. However, if the antenna polarization direction is different from the direction of receiving electromagnetic waves, polarization loss will result. In recent years, industry and research have proposed antenna designs that can achieve electromagnetic waves in a variety of electric field directions. In order to control the orientation of the antenna beam in the vertical direction (elevation) and the horizontal direction (azimuth), some designs combine multiple antenna elements. However, such a design may greatly increase the installation area of the antenna structure, and thus it is difficult to apply to a miniaturized electronic device.

In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna device, a communication device, and a steering adjustment method thereof, which can reduce the area of the antenna structure and have better antenna efficiency.

The antenna device of the embodiment of the present invention includes an antenna structure. The antenna structure includes one antenna unit, and the antenna unit includes i feeders. The vector of each feeding part is independently controlled, and i is a positive integer greater than 2.

The communication device of the embodiment of the present invention includes the aforementioned antenna device and controller. The controller is electrically connected to the antenna device. The controller is configured to perform the following steps: set the vectors of those feeders according to a specified direction, and the specified direction corresponds to the beam directivity of the antenna structure.

On the other hand, the steering adjustment method of the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the antenna structure. The steering adjustment method includes the following steps: providing antenna units included in the antenna structure, and each antenna unit includes i feeders, and i is a positive integer greater than 2. Determine the designated direction, and this designated direction corresponds to the beam directivity of the antenna structure. The vector of the feeding part of the antenna unit is set according to the specified direction, and the vector of each feeding part of the antenna unit is independently controlled.

Based on the above, the antenna device, the communication device and the steering adjustment method of the embodiment of the present invention provide a multi-polarized antenna unit that can independently/independently control the feed signal vector. One or more antenna elements form an antenna array structure, and such an antenna structure can be individually set to a vector configuration corresponding to different polarization directions to form a beam toward a specified direction. Compared with the prior art, the antenna of the embodiment of the present invention has a smaller size, but can achieve similar or better performance.

In order to make the above-mentioned features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the following specific embodiments are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the components of a communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the invention. Please refer to FIG. 1, the communication device 100 includes but is not limited to an antenna device 110, an adjustment circuit 130 and a controller 150. The communication device 100 can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a handheld game console, a wireless sharing device, a base station and other devices.

The antenna device 110 includes an antenna structure 111. This antenna structure 111 includes one or more antenna units 112. Each antenna unit 112 includes at least a radiating part (not shown) and feeding parts f1 to fi. It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the shape or type of the radiating part, and can be designed to support any communication system (for example, Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), various types of wireless Wide area network (Wireless Wide Area Network, WWAN) (for example, 4th, 5th or later generations of mobile communications), etc.) and supports any or multiple frequency bands.

It is worth noting that in the embodiment of the present invention, each antenna unit 112 includes more than two feeding parts f1 to fi (ie, i is a positive integer greater than 2). FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure 111-1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2A, the antenna structure 111-1 includes an antenna unit 112-1. The antenna unit 112-1 is a quad-polarized antenna, and includes four feeding parts f1 to f4 (assuming to respectively correspond to the feeding signals α, β, γ, and δ). It is worth noting that the four feed-in parts f1 to f4 orthogonal to each other in the quad-polarized antenna can provide better isolation and electrical correlation coefficient (ECC), and can further increase the gain. In this embodiment, the feeding directions of the feeding portions f1, f3 located on the upper and lower sides of the figure extend along the positive and negative directions of the direction Y (that is, the extension directions of the two feeding portions f1, f3 are opposite), and are located on the left and right of the figure. The feeding directions of the feeding parts f2, f4 extend along the positive and negative directions of the direction X (that is, the extension directions of the two feeding parts f2, f4 are opposite).

The feeding signals α and γ of the feeding parts f1 and f3 and the feeding signals β and δ of the feeding parts f2 and f4 are respectively used to form beams with two polarization directions orthogonal to each other. For example, FIGS. 2B and 2C are schematic diagrams of polarization directions according to an embodiment of the invention. Please refer to FIG. 2B first, the feed signals α and γ of the feed parts f1 and f3 can form a polarization direction D1 of 90 degrees, and the feed signals β and δ of the feed parts f2 and f4 can form a polarization direction D2 of 0 degrees.

In addition to the polarization directions of 0 degrees and 90 degrees, the embodiments of the present invention can also propose different antenna designs for other directions. FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure 111-2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2D, the antenna structure 111-2 includes an antenna unit 112-3. The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2A is that the feeding portions f1, f3 (assuming that they correspond to the feeding signals α1, γ1, respectively) located at the lower left and upper right of the figure are along the direction between X and Y. Extend in the direction of -135 degrees and +45 degrees (that is, the extension directions of the two feed parts f1, f3 are opposite), and the feed parts f2, f4 (assuming that they correspond to the feed signals β1, δ1, respectively) are located at the bottom right and top left of the figure The feeding direction is along the -45° and +135° directions between X and Y (that is, the extension directions of the two feeding parts f2 and f4 are opposite).

In order to further improve the antenna efficiency, the antenna structure 111-1 of the first embodiment can be further expanded. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 111-3 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 3, the difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2A is that the antenna structure 111-3 further includes another antenna unit 112-2 to form a 2×1 antenna matrix. The antenna unit 112-2 is also a quad-polarized antenna, and includes four feeding parts f1 to f4 (assuming to respectively correspond to the feeding signals α, β, γ, and δ). It should be noted that the feeding directions of the feeding portions f1 to f4 of the two antenna units 112-1 and 112-2 correspond to each other. For example, the feeding directions of the same feeding parts f1 to f4 are the same. In addition, the imaginary extension line connecting the two feed-in portions f1, f3 of the antenna unit 112-1 can be connected to the two feed-in portions f1, f3 of the antenna unit 112-2, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this (that is, the two imaginary extension lines may be offset Shift misplaced).

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 111-4 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 4, the antenna structure 111-4 includes M×N antenna elements 112-1 (may also be the antenna element 112-2 of FIG. 3), M is a positive integer greater than one, and N is a positive integer greater than zero , That is, an M×N antenna matrix is formed. Similar to the third embodiment, the feeding directions of the feeding portions f1 to f4 of the antenna units 112-1 correspond to each other. For example, the feeding directions of the same feeding parts f1 to f4 are the same. In addition, the imaginary extension line connecting the two feeding portions f1, f3 of the antenna unit 112-1 can be connected to the two feeding portions f1, f3 of the other antenna unit 112-1 located above or below it, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto ( That is, the two imaginary extension lines may be offset and misaligned); the imaginary extension line connecting the two feeding portions f2, f4 of the antenna unit 112-1 can be connected to the two feeding portions f2 of the other antenna unit 112-1 located on its left or right. , f4, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this (that is, the two imaginary extension lines may be offset and misaligned). That is, the antenna elements 112-1 are arranged along the directions X, Y.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 111-5 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, the difference from the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2D is that the antenna structure 111-5 further includes an antenna unit 112-4. The antenna unit 112-4 is also a quad-polarized antenna, and includes four feeding portions f1 to f4 (assuming to respectively correspond to the feeding signals α1, β1, γ1, and δ1). Similarly, the feeding directions of the feeding portions f1 to f4 of the two antenna units 112-3 and 112-4 correspond to each other. For example, the feeding directions of the same feeding parts f1 to f4 are the same.

Please refer to Figure 2C and Figure 5 at the same time, the feed signals α1, γ1 of the feed parts f1, f3 can form a polarization direction D3 of +45 degrees, and the feed signals β1, δ1 of the feed parts f2, f4 can form a -45 degree Polarization direction D4. That is, the polarization directions D3 and D4 are orthogonal.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 111-6 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 6, the antenna structure 111-6 includes M×N antenna elements 112-3 (may also be the antenna element 112-4 of FIG. 5), M is a positive integer greater than one, and N is a positive integer greater than zero . As in the fourth embodiment, the feeding directions of the feeding portions f1 to f4 of the antenna units 112-3 correspond to each other. For example, the feeding directions of the same feeding parts f1 to f4 are the same. In addition, the imaginary extension line connecting the two feeding portions f1, f3 of the antenna unit 112-3 is parallel to the imaginary extension line connecting the two feeding portions f1, f3 of the other antenna unit 112-3 located at the upper right or lower left thereof; connecting the antenna The imaginary extension line of the two feeding portions f2, f4 of the unit 112-3 is parallel to the imaginary extension line of the two feeding portions f2, f4 of the other antenna unit 112-3 located at the upper left or lower right of the unit 112-3. The antenna elements 112-3 are arranged along the directions X, Y.

It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the polarization directions D1 to D4 shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C. The feeding parts f1 to fi are not limited to four, and the feeding direction of each feeding part f1 to fi is not necessarily as shown in FIGS. 2A, 2D, and 3-6. In addition, the arrangement patterns shown in FIG. 2A, FIG. 2D, and FIGS. 3 to 5 are only for illustrative purposes, and there may be different arrangement patterns in other embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 1, the adjustment circuit 130 is electrically connected to each antenna unit 112 in the antenna structure 111. According to different design requirements, the adjustment circuit 130 may include but is not limited to electronic components such as a switch, a divider, and a phase adjuster, and its circuit composition will be described in detail in subsequent embodiments. The adjustment circuit 130 may also be a chip, a digital circuit, a special application integrated circuit (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC) and other controllers. In the embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment circuit 130 is used to adjust the vector (ie, phase and/or amplitude) of the feed signal input to the feed parts f1 to fi.

The controller 150 is electrically connected to the antenna device 110 and the adjustment circuit 130. The controller 150 can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or other programmable general-purpose or special-purpose microprocessors (Microprocessors), digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processors, DSP), programmable Integrated circuit (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC) or other similar components or a combination of the above components. In the embodiment of the present invention, the controller 150 is used to perform all operations of the communication device 100, and can load and execute various types of software programs/modules, files, and data.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the operation process of the embodiment of the present invention, a number of embodiments will be given below to describe in detail the operation process of the communication device 100 in the embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the method described in the embodiment of the present invention will be described with various components and modules of the communication device 100 in FIG. 1. Each process of the method can be adjusted accordingly according to the implementation situation, and is not limited to this.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a steering adjustment method according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 7, the controller 150 determines the designated direction (step S710). Specifically, this designated direction corresponds to the beam directivity of the antenna structure 111. In other words, the specified direction is related to the direction of the beam pattern formed by the antenna device 110. The controller 150 can determine the specified direction according to the content input by the user through an input device (for example, a touch panel, a button, a switch, a mouse, or a keyboard, etc.) or a preset direction. For example, the communication device 100 is provided with a switch, and can be switched to different directions in the horizontal direction through the toggle switch. Or, if the communication device 100 detects another external device at a specific angle in the vertical direction, the controller 150 can set the direction toward the external device as the specified direction. And so on, the user can adjust it according to actual needs.

Then, the controller 150 sets the vectors of the feeding parts f1 to fi of the antenna units 112 in the antenna device 110 according to the specified direction (step S630). In the embodiment of the present invention, the vectors of the feed portions f1 to fi of the antenna units 112 can be independently/independently controlled. This independent control means that no matter what the vectors of the other feeding parts f1~fi are, the vector configuration of any feeding part f1~fi can be individually adjusted according to the needs. In addition, there is no preset linear relationship in the adjustment of the vector between any one of the feeding parts f1~fi and the other feeding part f1~fi. For example, the phase difference between the feeding parts f1 and f3 is an indefinite value; or, only the vector of a single feeding part f2 may be adjusted. In addition, using the antenna structures 111-1 to 111-6 shown in FIGS. 2A, 2D, and 3 to 6 (including at least 1×1 antenna elements 112), the antenna device 110 can be used in the horizontal and vertical directions. Adjust the direction of the beam.

In an embodiment, the direction of the beam formed by the antenna structure 111 has a corresponding relationship with the vector configuration of each feeding portion f1 to fi. The controller 150 may pre-record vector configurations corresponding to the feed portions f1 to fi of the antenna unit 112 in different assumed directions. These corresponding relationships can be obtained through experiments or other references. The controller 150 then determines the vector configuration corresponding to at least one hypothetical direction according to the designated direction selected in step S710. For example, if the designated direction is equal to a certain assumed direction, the controller 150 can set the vectors of the feeding parts f1~fi according to the vector configuration of the feeding parts f1~fi in the corresponding relationship. Or, if the designated direction is between the two assumed directions, the controller 150 can set the vectors of the feeding parts f1 to fi according to the vector configuration corresponding to the two assumed directions in the corresponding relationship.

For example, Table (1) is for the correspondence between the 0/90 degree polarization direction in the antenna structure 111-1 of the first embodiment (control feeding parts f1, f3): Table (1) Excitation The phase of the feed signal α (112-1 ^α ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The phase of the feed signal γ (112-1 ^γ ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The amplitude of the feed signal α (112-1 ^α ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The amplitude of the feed signal γ (112-1 ^γ ) of the antenna unit 112-1 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ(n is a positive integer) 0~2π±2nπ Real number Real number

Based on the determined designated direction, the controller 150 will adjust the phases of the feed signals α, γ of the antenna unit 112-1, and accordingly adjust the direction of the antenna beam in the vertical direction (elevation). For example, the antenna beam will point upwards and downwards.

In addition, by only controlling the vector of the feeder f1, f3 in a single polarization direction (disable/disable/stop the adjustment of the vector of the feeder f2, f4 in the other polarization direction), you can form the vector in several directions Beam pointing.

8A and 8B are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the 0/90 degree polarization direction according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 8A and 8B, by adjusting the vectors of the feeding parts f1, f3, the beams 611, 612, and 613 are respectively formed for the downward, upward, and forward pointing directions. The beam 611 is skewed downwards compared to the beam 613; the beam 612 is skewed upwards compared to the beam 613.

Table (2) is for the correspondence between the 0/90 degree polarization direction in the antenna structure 111-1 of the first embodiment (control feeding parts f2, f4): Table (2) Excitation The phase of the feed signal β (112-1 ^β ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The phase of the feed signal δ (112-1 ^δ ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The amplitude of the feed signal β (112-1 ^β ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The amplitude of the feed signal δ (112-1 ^δ ) of the antenna unit 112-1 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ Real number Real number

Based on the determined designated direction, the controller 150 will adjust the phases of the feed signals β and δ of the antenna unit 112-1, and accordingly adjust the orientation of the antenna beam in the horizontal direction (azimuth). For example, the antenna beam will be oriented left and right.

In addition, by only controlling the vector of the feeder f2, f4 in a single polarization direction (disable/disable/stop the adjustment of the vector of the feeder f1, f3 of the other polarization direction), you can form the vector in several directions Beam pointing.

8C and 8D are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the 0/90 degree polarization direction according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 8C and FIG. 8D. By adjusting the vectors of the feeding parts f2 and f4, the beams 621, 622, and 623 are respectively formed with respect to the pointing directions of the left, right, and front. The beam 621 is skewed to the left compared to the beam 623; the beam 622 is skewed to the right compared to the beam 623.

9A and 9B are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 9A and 9B, by adjusting the vectors of the feeding parts f1 and f3, the beams 711, 712, and 713 are respectively formed for the downward, upward, and forward pointing directions. The beam 711 is biased downward compared to the beam 713; the beam 712 is biased upward compared to the beam 713.

9C and 9D are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 9C and FIG. 9D. By adjusting the vectors of the feeding parts f1 and f3, the beams 721, 722, and 723 are respectively formed with respect to the pointing directions of the left, right, and front. The beam 721 is skewed to the left compared to the beam 723; the beam 722 is skewed to the right compared to the beam 723.

9E and 9F are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 9E and FIG. 9F. By adjusting the vectors of the feeding parts f2 and f4, the beams 731, 732, and 733 are respectively formed for the downward, upward, and forward pointing directions. The beam 731 is skewed downward compared to the beam 733; the beam 732 is skewed upward compared to the beam 733.

9G and 9H are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 9G and FIG. 9H. By adjusting the vectors of the feeding parts f2 and f4, the beams 741, 742, and 743 are respectively formed with respect to the pointing directions of the left, right, and front. The beam 741 is skewed to the left compared to the beam 743; the beam 742 is skewed to the right compared to the beam 743.

Table (3) and Table (4) are respectively for the correspondence between the 0 degree and 90 degree polarization directions in the antenna structure 111-3 of the third embodiment (Table (3) is the control feeder f1, f3, and table (4) is the control feeding part f2, f4)): Table (3) excitation The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-1 ^α1 ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-1 ^γ1 ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-2 ^α1 ) of the antenna unit 112-2 The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-2 ^γ1 ) of the antenna unit 112-2 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ excitation The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-1 ^α1 ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-1 ^γ1 ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-2 ^α1 ) of the antenna unit 112-2 The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-2 ^γ1 ) of the antenna unit 112-2 Value definition Real number Real number Real number Real number Table 4) excitation The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-1 ^{β 1} ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-1 ^δ1 ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-2 ^{β 1} ) of the antenna unit 112-2 The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-2 ^{δ 1} ) of the antenna unit 112-2 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ excitation The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-1 ^{β 1} ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-1 ^δ1 ) of the antenna unit 112-1 The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-2 ^{β 1} ) of the antenna unit 112-2 The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-2 ^δ1 ) of the antenna unit 112-2 Value definition Real number Real number Real number Real number

FIG. 10 is a component block diagram of the adjustment circuit 130-1 for the +45 degree polarization direction according to an embodiment of the present invention. 10, this embodiment takes the antenna structure 111-5 of FIG. 5 as an example. The adjustment circuit 130-1 includes a switch SW and a distributor DI. The switch SW can switch to different phases or different signals, and the distributor DI Two or more signals can be combined. The configuration of the switcher SW and the distributor DI is designed with reference to the corresponding relationship in Table (1), thereby forming a feeding part with a polarization direction of +45 degrees.

11A and 11B are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIGS. 11A and 11B, the beams 811, 812, and 813 are formed for the upward, forward, and downward pointing directions, respectively. The beam 811 is biased upward compared to the beam 812; the beam 813 is biased downward compared to the beam 812.

11C and 11D are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 11C and 11D, the beams 821, 822, and 823 are for the patterns formed by pointing directions to the right, front, and left, respectively. The beam 821 is skewed to the right compared to the beam 822; the beam 823 is skewed to the left compared to the beam 822.

12A to 12D are schematic diagrams of controlling beams in different directions for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIGS. 12A to 12D. In addition to changing the phases of the feeding parts f1 to fi and adjusting their respective amplitudes, the beam gain in different directions can also be improved.

FIG. 13 is a component block diagram of the adjustment circuit 130-2 for the -45 degree polarization direction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 13, this embodiment takes the antenna structure 111-5 of FIG. 5 as an example. The difference from the embodiment in FIG. 10 is that the configuration of the switch SW and the distributor DI is used to form a feed part with a polarization direction of -45 degrees.

14A and 14B are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 14A and 14B, the beams 911, 912, and 913 are formed for the upward, forward, and downward pointing directions, respectively. The beam 911 is skewed upward compared to the beam 912; the beam 913 is skewed downward compared to the beam 912.

14C and 14D are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 14C and 14D, the beams 921, 922, and 923 are respectively formed for the right, front, and left pointing directions. The beam 921 is skewed to the right compared to the beam 922; the beam 923 is skewed to the left compared to the beam 922.

15A to 15D are schematic diagrams of controlling beams in different directions for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIGS. 15A to 15D. In addition to changing the phases of the feeders f1 to fi and adjusting their respective amplitudes, the beam gains in different directions can also be improved.

It can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention adopts an antenna array design of 1×1 or 2×1 antenna units 112, combined with independent control of the setting of the feeder, that can achieve the steering of the beam in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Compared with the prior art design that requires at least 2×2 antenna elements, the embodiment of the present invention can obviously reduce the size of the antenna array.

It should be noted that the phase configuration for each feeding portion f1 to fi is not limited to the settings of Table (1) and Table (2), and other changes may be made in other embodiments. The adjustment circuits 130-1, 130-2 that implement Table (1) and Table (2) are not limited to the circuit structures shown in FIGS. 10 and 13. In addition, the waveform patterns and orientations shown in FIGS. 8B, 8D, 9B, 9D, 9F, 9H, 11B, 11D, 12A~12D, 14B, 14D, 15A~15D are for illustration only. On the other hand, the foregoing embodiment only sets the vector of the feeding portion in a single polarization direction. For example, only for the feeding parts f1, f3 in the +45 degree polarization direction. In other embodiments, the setting can also be made for the feeding parts in two or more polarization directions. For example, for the feeding parts f1 to f4 in the polarization directions of +45 degrees and -45 degrees.

By analogy, for the steering adjustment of the M×N antenna units 112, take the antenna structures 111-4 and 111-6 shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 as examples. The controller 150 can adjust the vectors of the different feeding parts f1~f4 of the M×N antenna units 112-1, 112-3 according to the preset correspondence relationship, so as to control the beams to be directed differently in the horizontal and vertical directions. Specify the direction.

For example, Table (5) and Table (6) are respectively for the corresponding relationship of the antenna structure 111-6 of the sixth embodiment (Table (5) is the control feeder f1, f3, and Table (6) is the control feed Entry f2, f4)): Table (5) excitation The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (1, 1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (1,2)th antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (1,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (2,1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (2, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (2,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ … … … … … excitation The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (M, 1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (M, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (M, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ excitation The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (1,1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (1,2)th antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (1,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (2,1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (2, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (2, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ … … … … … excitation The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (M,1)th antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (M, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (M, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ excitation The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (1,1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (1,2)th antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (1,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (2,1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (2, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (2, N) antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number … … … … … The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (M, 1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (M, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal α1 (112-3 ^α1 ) of the (M, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (1,1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (1,2)th antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (1,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (2,1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (2, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (2,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number … … … … … The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (M,1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (M, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal γ1 (112-3 ^γ1 ) of the (M, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number Table 4) excitation The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (1, 1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (1,2)th antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (1,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (2,1) antenna unit 112-3 Phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (2, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (2, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ … … … … … excitation The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (M, 1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (M, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (M, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ excitation The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (1,1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (1,2)th antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (1,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (2,1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (2, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (2,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ … … … … … excitation The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (M,1) antenna unit 112-3 The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (M, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The phase of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (M, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition 0~2π±2nπ 0~2π±2nπ … 0~2π±2nπ excitation The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (1, 1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (1,2)th antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (1,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (2,1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (2, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (2,N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number … … … … … The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (M, 1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (M, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal β1 (112-3 ^{β 1} ) of the (M, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (1,1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (1,2)th antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (1,N) antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (2,1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (2, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (2,N) antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number … … … … … The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (M, 1) antenna unit 112-3 The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (M, 2) antenna unit 112-3 … The amplitude of the feed signal δ1 (112-3 ^δ1 ) of the (M, N)th antenna unit 112-3 Value definition Real number Real number … Real number

In summary, the antenna device, the communication device and the steering adjustment method of the embodiment of the present invention provide an antenna array composed of multi-polarized antenna units, and can individually control the vector of each feeding part. In this way, not only can the antenna performance (for example, isolation, correlation coefficient, or gain, etc.) be maintained or even improved, but the formed beam can be directed in different directions both in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. Compared with the prior art, the antenna size can be reduced, so that it can be applied to miniaturized equipment.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application.

100: Communication device 110: Antenna device 111, 111-1, 111-2, 111-3, 111-4, 111-5, 111-6: Antenna structure 112, 112-1, 112-2, 112-3, 112-4: Antenna unit 130, 130-1, 130-2: Adjusting circuit 150: Controller f1~fi: Feeding part α, β, γ, δ, α1, β1, γ1, δ1, 112-3 ^α1 , 112 -3 ^β1 , 112-3 ^γ1 , 112-3 ^δ1 , 112-4 ^α1 , 112-4 ^β1 , 112-4 ^γ1 , 112-4 ^δ1 : feed signal X, Y: direction D1~D4: polarization direction S710 ~S730: Step SW: Switch DI: Distributor 611~613, 621~623, 711~713, 721~723, 731~733, 741~743, 811~813, 821~823, 911~913, 921~ 923: Beam

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of components of a communication device according to an embodiment of the invention. 2A is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 2B and 2C are schematic diagrams of polarization directions according to an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a steering adjustment method according to an embodiment of the invention. 8A and 8B are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the 0/90 degree polarization direction according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 8C and 8D are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the 0/90 degree polarization direction according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 9A and 9B are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 9C and 9D are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 9E and 9F are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention. 9G and 9H are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a block diagram of components of an adjustment circuit for the +45 degree polarization direction according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11A and 11B are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 11C and 11D are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 12A to 12D are schematic diagrams of controlling beams in different directions for the +45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a component block diagram of an adjustment circuit for -45 degree polarization direction according to an embodiment of the present invention. 14A and 14B are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the vertical direction for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 14C and 14D are schematic diagrams of controlling the beam shape in the horizontal direction for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. 15A to 15D are schematic diagrams of controlling beams in different directions for the -45 degree polarization direction according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

111-1: Antenna structure 112-1: Antenna unit f1~f4: feed-in part X, Y: direction α, β, γ, δ: feed signal

Claims (10)

An antenna device, including: an antenna structure, including: an antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit includes: i feeding parts, wherein the vector of each feeding part is independently controlled, i is a positive integer greater than 2 and independent The ground control includes disabling adjustment of the vector of at least one of the feeding parts. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the feeding portions include: at least one first angle feeding portion, the feeding signal of which is used to form a beam in a first polarization direction; and at least one second angle The feeding part, the feeding signal of which is used to form a beam in a second polarization direction, wherein the second polarization direction is orthogonal to the first polarization direction. The antenna device according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the antenna structure includes: M×N antenna elements, wherein the feeding direction of the at least one first angle feeding portion of each antenna element corresponds to the other The feeding direction of the at least one first angle feeding portion of the antenna unit, and the feeding direction of the at least one second angle feeding portion of each antenna unit corresponds to the feeding direction of the at least one second angle feeding portion of the other antenna units In the feeding direction, M is a positive integer greater than one, and N is a positive integer greater than zero. A communication device, including: the antenna device as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application; and A controller is electrically connected to the antenna device, wherein the controller is configured to: set the vectors of the feeding parts according to a specified direction, wherein the specified direction corresponds to the beam directivity of the antenna structure. The communication device according to claim 4, wherein the feeding parts include: at least one first angle feeding part, the feeding signal of which is used to form a beam in a first polarization direction; and at least one second angle The feeding part, the feeding signal of which is used to form a beam in a second polarization direction, wherein the second polarization direction is orthogonal to the first polarization direction. The communication device according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the antenna structure includes: M×N antenna units, wherein the feeding direction of the at least one first angle feeding portion of each antenna unit corresponds to the other The feeding direction of the at least one first angle feeding portion of the antenna unit, and the feeding direction of the at least one second angle feeding portion of each antenna unit corresponds to the feeding direction of the at least one second angle feeding portion of the other antenna units In the feeding direction, M is a positive integer greater than one, and N is a positive integer greater than zero. A steering adjustment method is applicable to an antenna structure, and the steering adjustment method includes: providing an antenna unit included in the antenna structure, wherein the antenna unit includes i feed-in parts, and i is a positive integer greater than 2; A designated direction, where the designated direction corresponds to the beam directivity of the antenna structure; and The vector of the feeding part of the antenna unit is set according to the specified direction, wherein the vector of each feeding part of the antenna unit is independently controlled, and the independent control includes disabling the control of at least one of the feeding parts. Vector adjustment. For the steering adjustment method described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the step of setting the vector of the feed portion of the antenna unit according to the specified direction includes: providing a correspondence relationship, wherein the correspondence relationship includes at least one assumed direction corresponding to the antenna The vector configuration of the feed part of the unit; the vector configuration corresponding to at least one assumed direction is determined according to the specified direction; and the vector of the feed part of the antenna unit is set according to the determined vector configuration. The steering adjustment method according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the feeding parts include at least one first angle feeding part and at least one second angle feeding part, and the feeding signal of the at least one first angle feeding part is used In forming a beam with a first polarization direction, the feed signal of the at least one second angle feeder is used to form a beam with a second polarization direction, and the second polarization direction is orthogonal to the first polarization The step of setting the vector of the feeding portion of the antenna unit according to the specified direction includes: setting only the vector of the at least one first angle feeding portion of the antenna unit according to the specified direction, wherein the at least one second angle can be disabled. The vector of the angle feeder is adjusted. For the steering adjustment method described in item 9 of the scope of patent application, the step of setting the vector of the feed portion of the antenna unit according to the specified direction includes: setting only the at least one second angle feed of the two antenna units according to the specified direction The vector of the feed-in part, where it is forbidden to adjust the vector of the at least one first angle feed-in part whole.

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