TWI705225B - Air damping device for automatic cycle-firing weapon - Google Patents

Abstract

An air damping device is disclosed, wherein the pressure in the cylinder of the air damping device is adjustable, thereby the disclosed device can increase the motion resistance and decrease the reciprocating frequency of the action of the gun.

Description

Air damping device suitable for automatic circulation shooting weapons

The invention relates to an air damping device, in particular to an air damping device suitable for automatic circulation shooting weapons.

Automatic cycle shooting weapons include semi-automatic and fully automatic cycle shooting. Semi-automatic shooting is a buckle machine, which can automatically complete a cycle of firing, ejecting, ejecting, entering, locking, and preparing for firing. After releasing the trigger, the next firing can be performed. Fully automatic shooting is the buckle machine, which can automatically complete multiple cycles of firing, ejecting, ejecting, entering, locking, and preparing for firing until all the ammunition in the gun is fired. In the past, in order to improve the shooting efficiency of individual soldiers on the battlefield, automatic loop firing weapons were usually developed in the direction of increasing the rate of fire, but after increasing the rate of fire to a certain extent, the amount of ammunition consumed increased, and the soldier's ammunition was also increased. The new concept believes that increasing the rate of fire is not an effective battlefield strategy.

The rate of fire of traditional single-soldier automatic cycle shooting weapons is generally closely related to the reciprocating speed of the bolt, and the reciprocating speed of the bolt is usually affected by the force of the retraction spring, and the retraction spring mainly stores and releases energy as the retraction of the bolt. 、Automatic cyclic power for reciprocating actions such as ejecting shell and entering bomb.

The high-speed reciprocating efficiency of the recoil spring increases the rate of fire of the automatic loop firing weapon, but at the expense of accuracy. In order to solve this problem, one of the improvements is to slow down the movement speed of the gun, thereby suppressing the rate of fire of the gun.

Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of a pistol with a fully automatic or semi-automatic function. The conventional weapon has a gun body 91 and a gun mechanism 92. The gun mechanism 92 is mounted on the gun body 91. The gun mechanism 92 is connected to a piston 93. The gun body 91 is provided with a cylinder 94. When the trigger 95 is depressed, the recoil force generated by the bullet firing causes the bolt mechanism 92 to drive the piston 93 into the cylinder 94. The gas in the cylinder 94 is squeezed by the piston 93 to produce a reaction force, which slows down the speed of the bolt. The compressed recoil spring 97 generates the reserve energy for rebound, so that the weapon can complete the actions of withdrawing the shell, reclamation and loading bullets, complete the automatic cycle action and enter the next round of firing.

In order to reduce the rate of fire, the conventional structure utilizes the piston 93 and the cylinder 94 to form a buffer effect, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the rate of fire.

At the same time, the conventional structure also provides a bottom through hole 96 at the bottom of the cylinder 94, and the bottom through hole 96 may not be provided. When the bottom through hole 96 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 94, a small amount of air in the cylinder 94 can circulate.

The bottom through hole 96 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 94. You can only choose to provide the bottom through hole 96 to reduce the pressure in the cylinder 94, or not to provide the bottom through hole 96 to increase the pressure in the cylinder 94. Pressure adjustment.

Therefore, how to provide an air damping device that can use air damping to reduce the shooting speed and at the same time change the air damping force to adjust the shooting speed has become the goal of relevant research and development personnel.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an air damping device, which can increase the movement resistance of the back seat of the bolt and slow down the frequency of reciprocation of the bolt.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an air damping device that can keep the piston from moving axially to avoid deflection under the high-speed movement of the bolt.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an air damping device that can adjust the pressure in the cylinder to achieve the expected reciprocating frequency of the bolt.

In order to achieve the foregoing and other objectives of the invention, the air damping device of the present invention in a preferred embodiment includes a cylinder, a piston, a return spring and at least one sealing washer. The cylinder has a closed bottom and the inside of the cylinder is formed A cylindrical cylinder wall, the cylinder wall is provided with at least one through hole penetrating the outer surface of the cylinder; the surface of the piston is provided with at least one annular groove, the outer diameter of the piston is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder wall; the reentry spring It is arranged between the cylinder and the piston; the sealing gasket is sleeved in the annular groove, and the sealing gasket is in close contact with the cylinder wall, thereby increasing the resistance of the back seat of the bolt, slowing down the reciprocating frequency of the bolt, and reducing the gun Rate of fire.

In one embodiment, the through hole is located in the middle or behind the middle of the cylinder wall, so that a proper pressure reduction can be achieved.

In one embodiment, at least two through holes are provided, and they are arranged axially on the cylinder wall, thereby having the effect of stepwise pressure reduction.

In one embodiment, the through holes are provided with three and are arranged axially on the cylinder wall, thereby having the effect of stepwise pressure reduction.

In one embodiment, a bolt is further included therein, and the bolt closes at least one of the through holes, so as to finely adjust the pressure in the cylinder.

In one embodiment, the surface of the piston is provided with two annular grooves arranged axially, and two sealing gaskets are sleeved on the two annular grooves, so that the piston can maintain axial movement under high-speed movement to avoid deflection.

In one embodiment, a buffer spring is further included, and the buffer spring is abutted on the bottom, thereby increasing the buffering capacity and further slowing down the frequency of the reciprocating piston.

In one embodiment, one end of the piston forms an oblique cone surface, so that the piston can smoothly enter the cylinder under high-speed movement.

10: cylinder

11: Cylinder wall

12: bottom

13: Through hole

20: Piston

21: ring groove

22: oblique cone

23: Expanding end

30: sealing gasket

40: reintroduction spring

50: Bolt

60: buffer spring

91: gun body

92: Bolt structure

93: Piston

94: cylinder

95: Trigger

96: bottom through hole

97: re-entry spring

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pistol in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a combined perspective view of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first stage of the action of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second stage action of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third stage of the action of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a combined cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first stage of the action of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second stage of the action of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention in the third stage of action.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fourth stage of the action of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention.

The embodiments are only used to illustrate the possible implementation of the present invention, but they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In order to make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention obvious and easy to understand, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples illustrate different embodiments of the present invention, including preferred embodiments of the present invention. For ease of description, the embodiments may share the same reference numerals.

Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a combined perspective view of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is the first embodiment of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention A schematic cross-sectional view of the stage action. Please refer to Figures 2 to 4, a preferred embodiment of the air damping device of the present invention at least includes a cylinder (10), a piston (20), a return spring (40) and at least one sealing gasket (30). The research foundation of the air damping device of the present invention is mainly to improve the adjustment of the firing rate of automatic weapons. The air damping device of the present invention can also be applied to industrial equipment, such as a damper with an instantaneous explosive power mechanism.

The cylinder (10) has a closed bottom (12), a cylindrical cylinder wall (11) is formed inside the cylinder (10), and the cylinder wall (11) is provided with at least one through hole (13) that penetrates the cylinder ( 10) Outer surface. The surface of the piston (20) is provided with at least one annular groove (21), and the outer diameter of the piston is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder wall (11). The return spring (40) is arranged between the cylinder (10) and the piston (20). The sealing gasket (30) is sleeved on the annular groove (21), and the sealing gasket (30) is in close contact with the cylinder wall (11). In this way, the reciprocating resistance of the piston (20) and the bolt can be increased, and the frequency of the reciprocation of the piston (20) and the bolt can be reduced.

When the air damping device of the present invention is applied to an automatic cycle shooting weapon, the cylinder (10) and the piston (20) may not be in contact in the unfired state, and there is a reentry between the cylinder (10) and the piston (20). The spring (40) keeps the two at a certain distance. This distance allows the gun to have enough space to retreat, so that the gun can carry out actions such as retreating, ejecting the shell, and entering the bomb. The reentry spring (40) stores the fired gun kinetic energy.

As mentioned above, the piston (20) keeps a certain distance from the cylinder (10) in the unfired state. After being fired, the piston (20) quickly retreats into the cylinder (10). Therefore, preferably, the piston (20) An oblique cone surface (22) is formed at one end, so that the piston (20) can smoothly enter the cylinder (10) under high-speed movement, and the end surface of the piston (20) is prevented from hitting the opening of the cylinder (10).

Furthermore, after firing, the piston (20) quickly retreats into the cylinder (10) by the force of the explosive force of the gunpowder. The strong and rapid movement may cause the piston (20) to deflect in the axial movement. Therefore, the piston (20) The surface is preferably provided with two annular grooves (21) arranged axially, and two sealing gaskets (30) are sleeved on the two annular grooves (21), whereby the piston (20) can maintain the axial movement under high-speed movement Avoid deflection.

At the same time, after firing, the piston (20) begins to compress the recoil spring (40) to store the recoil energy.

In order to make the through hole (13) have a better damping adjustment effect, the through hole (13) is located in the middle or behind the middle of the cylinder wall (11), so that proper pressure reduction can be achieved. That is, the through hole (13) is preferably located in the middle of the cylinder wall (11), or between the middle of the cylinder wall (11) and the bottom (12). As shown in Figure 4, the initial period when the piston (20) contacts the cylinder wall (11) begins to compress the air in the cylinder (10), and the air in the cylinder (10) flows out through the through hole (13) to make the cylinder (10) The amount of air that can form a buffer is reduced.

The principle of the present invention is that the sealing gasket (30) is in close contact with the cylinder wall (11), and the friction generated by the two forms the first damping effect. Furthermore, when the piston (20) moves in the cylinder (10), the resistance of the air in the cylinder (10) to the piston (20) forms a second damping effect. When air enters and exits through the through holes (13) of the cylinder wall (11), the tiny through holes (13) form air circulation resistance, which can adjust the force of the second damping action. The larger the cross-sectional area of the through hole (13), the smaller the resistance and the smaller the effect of damping; on the contrary, the smaller the cross-sectional area of the through hole (13), the greater the resistance, the greater the effect of damping, and the greater the damping effect, the more it can slow down The moving speed of the piston (20).

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second stage action of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention. Continuing to refer to Figure 5, in order to make the drawing easier to read, the retraction spring (40) in the following figures is omitted. When the end of the piston (20) passes through the through hole (13) and the first sealing gasket (30) has not passed through the through hole (13), a small amount of air is still discharged from the through hole (13) at this stage, but due to the passage The reduction reduces the discharge speed, the air damping effect in the cylinder (10) is enhanced compared to the previous stage, and the speed of the piston (20) slows down.

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third stage of the action of the first embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention. Continuing to refer to Figure 6, when the end of the piston (20) and the first sealing gasket (30) both pass through the through hole (13), the air in the cylinder (10) at this stage is completely enclosed and has a stronger air damping As a result, the speed of the piston (20) is reduced more significantly.

It can be understood from the above description that the present invention uses the through hole (13) provided in the middle of the cylinder (10) to reduce the pressure in the cylinder (10) in stages, so that the piston (20) produces different stages of pressure in the cylinder (10). Cushioning effect, thereby slowing down the reciprocating frequency of the piston (20). And the damping force at each stage can be adjusted by changing the number, size or position of the through holes (13).

Fig. 7 is a combined cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 7, in this embodiment, a buffer spring (60) may be further included. The buffer spring (60) is abutted on the bottom (12). When the stroke of the piston (20) hits the cylinder (10) When the bottom (12) of the piston (12), the cylinder (10) can further compress the cushion spring (60), thereby increasing the cushioning capacity, and at the same time the movement distance between the piston (20) and the cylinder (10) becomes longer, which can slow down the reciprocation of the piston (20) The frequency, which in turn reduces the rate of fire.

Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention. Please refer to Figure 8, in this embodiment, most of the components are the same as the previous embodiment, wherein the through hole (13) is provided with at least two, and they are axially arranged on the cylinder wall (11), thereby having a division The effect of segmental pressure reduction.

More preferably, there are three through holes (13), and they are arranged axially on the cylinder wall (11).

Furthermore, at least one bolt (50) can be further included therein, and at least one through hole (13) is closed by the bolt (50), so that the pressure in the cylinder (10) can be finely adjusted. For example, in close-range surprise operations, multiple bolts (50) or all bolts (50) can be removed as much as possible to increase the total section of the through hole (13) and reduce the damping effect, thereby increasing the rate of fire. When the gun is used for sniping or precision shooting at a longer distance, one or more bolts (50) can be locked to reduce the total section of the through hole (13), thereby increasing the damping effect to reduce the rate of fire and improve accuracy. degree.

9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first stage of the action of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 9, there are three through holes (13) in this embodiment, and the third through hole (13) is closed by a bolt (50). When the piston (20) contacts the cylinder wall (11) in the initial period, the air in the cylinder (10) begins to be compressed. The air in the cylinder (10) flows out through the first two through holes (13), so that the cylinder (10) can be The amount of air that forms the damping effect is reduced, and the air in the cylinder (10) now has a weaker air damping effect.

10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second stage of the action of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention. Continuing to refer to Figure 10, when the end of the piston (20) passes through the position of the first through hole (13) and the first sealing gasket (30) has not passed through the first through hole (13), the cylinder (10) at this stage The air inside is discharged from the second through hole (13) and the first through hole (13) with reduced passage, and the air damping effect in the cylinder (10) is enhanced compared with the previous stage.

Figure 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention in the third stage of action. Continuing to refer to Figure 11, when the end of the piston (20) and the first sealing gasket (30) pass through the position of the first through hole (13), the air in the cylinder (10) at this stage can only pass through the second The hole (13) is discharged, and the air damping effect in the cylinder (10) is enhanced compared with the previous stage.

Fig. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fourth stage of the action of the third embodiment of the air damper device of the present invention. Continuing to refer to Figure 12, when the end of the piston (20) and the first sealing washer (30) all pass through two open When the through hole (13) is formed, the air in the cylinder (10) is completely closed at this stage and has a stronger air damping effect.

It can be understood from the above description that in this embodiment, the bolts (50) are used to close the through holes (13) at different positions and numbers, and the total cross-sectional area of the through holes (13) can be fine-tuned to change the pressure in the cylinder (10). The invention can reduce the rate of fire and increase the accuracy through the setting of the through hole (13), and can adjust the rate of fire according to the requirements of different combat modes.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those who are familiar with the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement them accordingly. However, the patent scope of the present invention cannot be limited by this. All the equal changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention and the contents of the specification shall be covered by the scope of the patent of the present invention.

10: cylinder

11: Cylinder wall

12: bottom

13: Through hole

20: Piston

21: ring groove

22: oblique cone

23: Expanding end

30: sealing gasket

40: reintroduction spring

Claims (5)

An air damping device suitable for automatic circulation shooting weapons, comprising: a cylinder (10), the cylinder (10) has a closed bottom (12), and a cylindrical cylinder wall (11) is formed inside the cylinder (10) , The cylinder wall (11) is provided with two through holes (13) penetrating to the outer surface of the cylinder (10); a piston (20), the surface of the piston (20) is provided with two annular grooves (21) arranged axially , The outer diameter of the piston (20) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder wall (11); a return spring (40) arranged between the cylinder (10) and the piston (20); and two sealing washers (30) ), the two sealing gaskets (30) are sleeved on the two annular grooves (21), and the two sealing gaskets (30) are in close contact with the cylinder wall (11). The air damping device suitable for automatic circulation shooting weapons according to claim 1, wherein the through hole (13) is located in the middle or behind the middle of the cylinder wall (11). The air damping device suitable for automatic circulation shooting weapons according to claim 1, which further includes a bolt (50) which closes one of the through holes (13). The air damping device suitable for automatic circulation shooting weapons according to claim 1, which further includes a buffer spring (60), and the buffer spring (60) is abutted on the bottom (12). According to claim 1, the air damping device suitable for automatic circulation shooting weapons, wherein one end of the piston (20) forms an oblique cone surface (22).

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