RU2439472C2 - Bullet for smooth-bore hunting weapons "smit tandem" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: bullet comprises a case. In the back part of the case there is a cavity that forms a seal in the form of a collar. The collar has two sections with various thickness of its wall. The section at the end of the collar is made with smaller thickness than a subsequent section arranged closer to the head part of the bullet. On the outer surface of the collar there is a circular ledge to remove powder during bullet assembly into the case and a ledge for air bleeding during assembly into the case. The ledge for air bleeding is arranged at the end of the collar and has more height compared to height of the circular ledge. In the front part of the case there is a cavity, in which a destructive part is installed with interference in the form of a steel cylinder. On the outer surface of the case there are helical cuts.

EFFECT: improved ballistic characteristics.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition for hunting, which are used for firing smooth-bore guns.

A well-known bullet for smooth-bore hunting weapons, which contains a housing with a stabilizer, an obturator, having an obturating cuff with longitudinal grooves on the outer surface and a striking part located in the cavity of the head part of the body (see RU 2101616, published 01.10.1998).

The bullet of this design has several disadvantages:

- when filling the inner cavity with striking elements (balls), air pockets remain, allowing the elements to move along the cavity with possible options for the premature exit of the balls from the container cavity;

- the front part has air sinuses, which at high bullet speeds can lead to rupture of the plastic container and loss of ballistic characteristics;

- the massive tail of the bullet does not allow to approach the center of gravity of the bullet to its head part as much as possible, to make it more arrow-shaped, which does not exclude cases of the bullet coming to the target at an angle;

- the solid tail of the bullet does not provide sufficient amortization at the time of moving the bullet in the first stage of the start of movement.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a bullet for a smoothbore hunting weapon, containing a body in the back of which a cavity is formed that forms a cuff obturator, and in the front of the body there is a cavity in which the damaging part is fitted with an interference fit. The damaging part is made in the form of a roller mounted in the cavity of the head part of the body with an interference fit flush with the surface of the body, and the cavity in the rear part of the body is divided by a cardboard gasket into two separate combustion chambers (see RU 2169340 C2, publ. 06/20/2001).

The disadvantages of the closest analogue are:

- insufficiently effective obturation of powder gases in the initial period of the shot at low pressures;

- low firing range due to lack of technical means to ensure the spin of the bullet;

- instability of the mass of the powder charge due to the possibility of passage of powder particles into the gap between the bullet and the sleeve;

- low-performance assembly of bullet cartridges on automatic lines.

The task of the invention is to improve ballistic characteristics, the dispersion cross-sectional index, increase the damage range.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the bullet for a smooth-bore hunting weapon contains a housing in the rear of which a cavity is formed forming a cuff obturator, and in the front of the housing there is a cavity in which the damaging part is fitted with an interference fit. The cuff has at least two sections with different thicknesses of its wall, and the section at the end of the cuff is made with an average thickness less than the next section located closer to the bullet’s head, an annular protrusion is made on the outer surface of the cuff to remove the powder when mounting a bullet in a sleeve and a protrusion for bleeding air when mounting a bullet in a sleeve located at the end of the cuff and made higher than the height of the said annular ledge, while the screws are made on the outer surface of the casing rifling.

Using the proposed invention in the scope of the features of the independent claim will achieve the following technical results:

- to increase the productivity and assembly quality of bullet cartridges on automatic lines due to air bleed protrusion made at the end of the outer surface of the cuff;

- to stabilize the mass of the powder charge, excluding the passage of powder particles into the gap between the bullet and the sleeve due to the annular protrusion on the outer surface of the cuff;

- due to the execution of the cuff with a different thickness of its wall so that the section at the end of the cuff is made with an average thickness less than the next section located closer to the bullet head, to save the energy of the powder gases, giving the maximum initial velocity of the bullet with a minimal weight of the powder charge;

- increase the range of the bullet to 100 m and reduce the dispersion diameter by performing on the outer surface of the body of the helical rifling, ensuring its rotation around the axis.

In private embodiments, the striking part in the form of a steel cylinder is fixed in the cavity of the housing by means of a locking device, which eliminates the cases of premature exit of the steel cylinder from the cavity of the housing.

The invention is illustrated using the drawings.

Figure 1 shows the appearance of the proposed bullet (side view), figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the proposed bullet, figure 3 shows a section aa in figure 1, figure 4 shows a section bb in fig. 2.

The bullet for a smooth-bore hunting weapon contains a housing 1 made of high-pressure polyethylene, in the rear of which a cavity 2 is made, forming a cuff-shaped obturator 3, and in the front of the housing there is a cavity in which the damaging part is installed in the form of a steel cylinder 4 (a roller ), which is fixed in the cavity by means of a lock connection 5, made, for example, in the form of a flange of the front edge of the housing on the front end of the steel cylinder 4 or in the form of an annular or other groove (s) in shape and protrusion (s) located in the cavity on the inner surface of the bullet body.

A steel cylinder 4 with a diameter of 14 mm and a length of 22 mm is cut from a calibrated steel rod on cutting saws with an endless blade.

The polyethylene housing 1 is cast in multi-seat injection molding machines.

At the bottom of the cavity, protrusions 6 are made, on which a steel cylinder is mounted, acting as a shock absorber when fired. The role of the shock absorber is also performed by various body weakenings, made in the form of holes (s) 7 and / or recesses (s) 8 between the tail of the body with the cuff 3 and the head of the body with the steel cylinder 4.

The cuff has at least two sections with different thicknesses of its walls. The conical section 9 at the end of the cuff is made with an average thickness less than the next section 10 located closer to the bullet head. This embodiment allows the end part 9 of the cuff to be softer compared to part 10 of the cuff and thereby provide obturation in the initial part of the shot when the pressure of the powder gases on the tail of the bullet is relatively small. Section 10 has a large average wall thickness and, therefore, is more rigid and is thereby included in the “operation” at a relatively high pressure of the powder gases in the projectile space, i.e. provides effective obturation in the middle stage of the bullet.

On the outer surface of the cuff 3, an annular protrusion 11 is made for removing gunpowder when mounting a bullet in a sleeve and a protrusion 12 for bleeding air when mounting a bullet in a sleeve located at the end of the cuff 3 on the soft part 9. The height of the protrusion 12 should be greater than the height of the protrusion 11.

On the outer surface of the hull along the entire length of its cylindrical surface, 12 helical longitudinal grooves 13 are made, which allow the projectile to rotate in flight around its axis, increasing the range of destruction and increasing the accuracy of the hit.

The work of the proposed bullet is as follows. The powder gases formed during firing pass into the cavity 2 of the bullet body 1, exerting pressure on the cuff 3. Even with a small pressure of the powder gases, the soft part 9 of the cuff is pressed against the surface of the barrel bore, providing a reliable obstruction of the powder gases. With increasing pressure, a stiffer part 10 is gradually included in the work, which provides a reliable seal at high pressures.

Upon impact, the steel cylinder 4 exits the housing, leaving it outside, exerting a strong stopping effect due to the flat end surface of the steel cylinder.

The expansiveness of the projectile provides a "somersault" of the steel cylinder in the wound channel.

During the control tests at the shooting range in the city of Khotkovo, 100 rounds of ammunition with the proposed bullets from a Benelli gun were shot. Super-90 12 gauge with a check narrowing of 0.5 mm, a telescopic sight from a position on the stop on a sheet of iron 3 mm thick in a circle of 750 mm from a distance of 110 m. The weight of the Sokol gunpowder is 1.9 g, the weight of the bullet is 32 g ( steel cylinder - 27 g, polyethylene housing 5 g).

All bullet shells pierced the iron sheet through, leaving the plastic shells outside, stacked in a circle of 200 mm.

This gives reason to use cartridges with the proposed bullet for hunting large animals from smoothbore guns with a muzzle narrowing to 1.25 mm at extreme distances of up to 100 m.

The proposed non-toxic bullet is technologically advanced for assembly on automatic lines and mass production on high-precision equipment of its constituent parts.

Claims (2)

1. A bullet for a smooth-bore hunting weapon, comprising a housing in the rear of which a cavity is formed forming a cuff obturator, and in the front of the housing is a cavity in which the damaging part in the form of a steel cylinder is installed with an interference fit, characterized in that the cuff has at least two sections with different thicknesses of its wall, and the section at the end of the cuff is made with an average thickness less than the next section located closer to the head of the bullet on the outer surface of the cuff an annular protrusion for removing gunpowder when mounting a bullet in a sleeve and a protrusion for bleeding air when installing a bullet in a sleeve located at the end of the cuff and made higher than the height of the annular protrusion are flanged, and screw cuts are made on the outer surface of the casing. 2. The bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the steel cylinder is fixed in the cavity of the housing by means of a locking device.

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