TWI695530B - Flexible display - Google Patents

Abstract

A flexible display includes a first substrate and a pixel defining layer disposed on the first substrate. The pixel defining layer has a plurality of openings. Each of the openings corresponds to a pixel region. The pixel defining layer has a transmittance of 1% and a plurality of microstructures. Each of the microstructures protrudes away from the first substrate.

Description

Flexible display

The present invention relates to a flexible display, and particularly to a flexible display with low reflection.

Due to the advantages of flexible display, small size, easy to bend, easy to carry, etc., the demand in the market is increasing day by day. In a conventional flexible display, in order to reduce the thickness of the display and facilitate bending, the polarizing plate may be omitted. However, in a flexible display without a polarizer, there is a problem of metal reflection, which results in a poor display effect of the display and prevents viewers from having high-quality visual enjoyment.

Therefore, there is still an urgent need to provide a flexible display that can reduce reflection.

The present invention relates to a flexible display, and in particular to a flexible display with low reflection. Since the pixel definition layer of the flexible display of the present invention uses a material with a transmissivity of less than 1% and has multiple microstructures, it can slow down the metal reflection and improve the display quality.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a flexible display is proposed. The flexible display includes a first substrate and a pixel definition layer. The pixel definition layer is located on the first substrate and has a plurality of openings. Each opening corresponds to a pixel area. The pixel definition layer has a penetration rate of less than 1%, and has a plurality of microstructures. Each microstructure protrudes away from the first substrate.

In order to have a better understanding of the above and other aspects of the present invention, the following examples are specifically described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:

2: Flexible display

5: basement membrane

10: Stacked structure

15: Cover board

100A, 100B, 200A, 200B, 300A, 300B: laminated structure

101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 141, 161, 171, 181, 221, 231, 241, 251, 271, 341, 351, 361, 371, 421, 431, 441, 451, 461, 471, 541, 561, 571, 621, 631, 641, 661, 671: microstructure

110: the first substrate

110a, 111a: upper surface

111: soft substrate

112: buffer layer

114: Interlayer dielectric layer

110s: switch unit

115: Active layer

117: Gate

120, 220, 420, 620: flat layer

130, 230, 430, 630: second electrode

140, 240, 340, 440, 540, 640: pixel definition layer

150, 250, 350, 450: light emitting element

160, 360, 460, 560, 660: gap

170, 270, 370, 470, 570, 670: the first electrode

180: shading layer

184: Hole

190, 290, 390, 490, 590, 690: opening

192: pixel area

1131: First insulating layer

1132: Second insulating layer

1161: Drain

1162: Source

1181: Drain electrode

1182: Gate electrode

1183: Source electrode

A, A’: Arrow

D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , D ₄ : distance

L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₄ : height

R, G, B: pixels

R ₀ , R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ : radius

W ₁ , W ₃ , W ₄ : width

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a flexible display according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of the flexible display of FIG. 1A after bending.

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3A is a top view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3B is a top view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a microstructure of a flexible display according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a microstructure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4C is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a microstructure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4D is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a microstructure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4E is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a microstructure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6B is a perspective view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8A is a top view of a laminated structure of a flexible display according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 8B illustrates a laminated structure of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention View of the structure.

The description of the present invention provides different examples to illustrate the technical features of different embodiments of the present invention. Among them, the configuration of each element in the embodiment is for illustrative purposes, and is not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the reference numerals in the embodiments are repeated for the purpose of simplifying the description, and do not mean the correlation between different embodiments.

The flexible display of the present invention has a pixel definition layer with a transmittance of less than 1%, and has a plurality of microstructures, which can have a low reflectivity, so it can slow down the metal reflection inside the display and improve the display quality.

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a flexible display 2 according to an embodiment of the invention.

Referring to FIG. 1A, the flexible display 2 includes a base film 5, a laminated structure 10, and a cover plate 15. The laminated structure 10 is located on the base film 5, and the cover plate 15 is located on the laminated structure 10. That is, the stacked structure 10 is located between the base film 5 and the cover plate 15. The base film 5 may be formed of a polymer (eg, PET, PI polyimide, etc.). The stacked structure 10 may be a light-emitting element array substrate (which will be described in detail later). The cover plate 15 can be a glass plate or a plastic cover (materials: PC, PET, PI... etc.), and the top surface thereof can be used as an observation surface. The flexible display 2 may be composed of a bendable material, for example, it may be bent in the direction of arrows A and A', so that the user can carry it conveniently.

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of the flexible display 2 of FIG. 1A after bending.

Please refer to FIG. 1B. After bending the flexible display 2 of FIG. 1A in the direction of arrows A and A′, the radius of curvature R _{0 of the} bending may be less than 4 mm, for example, 2 to 3 mm.

In the flexible display 2 of the present invention, a polarizing plate is not additionally provided between the base film 5 and the cover plate 15, but the optical design in the laminated structure 10 is directly substituted for the optical effect of the polarizing plate. Therefore, the flexible display 2 of the present invention has a smaller thickness compared to the comparative example (the bending radius of the bending is 4 mm, for example) that includes both the polarizing plate and the laminated structure between the base film and the cover plate It is easier to bend, more convenient to carry, and still has a good display quality (for example, to improve the problem of metal reflection through the optical design in the laminated structure 10).

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure 100A of a flexible display 2 according to an embodiment of the invention.

Please refer to FIG. 2A, which shows a partially enlarged view of an embodiment of the laminated structure 10 corresponding to the flexible display 2 shown in FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the laminated structure 100A of the flexible display 2 may include a first substrate 110, a flat layer 120, a second electrode 130, a pixel definition layer 140, and a plurality of light emitting elements 150 (only shown in FIG. 2A) A), the spacer 160, the first electrode 170, and the light shielding layer 180. The first substrate 110 has an upper surface 110a, wherein the flat layer 120, the second electrode 130, the pixel definition layer 140, the light emitting element 150, the spacer 160, the first electrode 170, and the light shielding layer 180 may be sequentially stacked on the first substrate 110 On the upper surface 110a.

In an embodiment, the first substrate 110 may be a multi-layer composite structure. For example, the first substrate 110 may include a flexible substrate 111, a buffer layer 112, a first insulating layer 1131, a second insulating layer 1132, an interlayer dielectric layer 114, and a switching unit 110s. The buffer layer 112, the first insulating layer 1131, the second insulating layer 1132, and the interlayer dielectric layer 114 may be along the soft The normal direction (for example, the direction of the Z axis) of the upper surface 111a of the flexible substrate 111 is sequentially stacked on the upper surface 111a of the flexible substrate 111. The switching unit 110s may include an active layer 115, a drain 1161, a source 1162, a gate 117, a drain electrode 1181, a gate electrode 1182, and a source electrode 1183. In this embodiment, the active layer 115, the drain 1161, and the source 1162 may be formed on the same plane (for example, formed on the upper surface of the buffer layer 112), and covered by the first insulating layer 1131. The gate electrode 117 may be formed on the upper surface of the first insulating layer 1131 and covered by the second insulating layer 1132. The flexible substrate 111 may be made of polyimide. The buffer layer 112 and the interlayer dielectric layer 114 may be made of inorganic dielectric materials. The first insulating layer 1131 and the second insulating layer 1132 may be made of oxide, such as silicon oxide. The material of the active layer 115 may include an oxide semiconductor or polycrystalline silicon. The oxide semiconductor may be a mixture of oxides of elements of Groups 2 to 4 of the periodic table, such as indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO), indium zinc tin oxide (IZTO), indium gallium tin oxide (IGTO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), indium gallium oxide (IGO), zinc tin oxide (ZTO) and tin oxide (SnO). The drain electrode 1181, the gate electrode 1182, and the source electrode 1183 may be made of a metal material.

In this embodiment, the pixel definition layer 140 is located on the first substrate 110, for example, on the upper surface of the flat layer 120. The pixel definition layer 140 has low transmittance and reflectivity, and can be made of black matrix resist such as acrylic resin material. In one embodiment, the transmittance of the pixel definition layer 140 is less than 1%. That is, the material of the pixel definition layer 140 has a low light transmittance, and may be a dark material. Moreover, the pixel definition layer 140 has a plurality of microstructures 141, and each microstructure 141 protrudes away from the first substrate 110. In the normal direction of the upper surface 110a of the first substrate 110, the pixel definition layer 140 may overlap the drain electrode 1181, the gate electrode 1182 and the source electrode 1183, or the signal line electrically connected to the electrode. When ambient light strikes the inside of the stacked structure 100A, it encounters metal elements (such as the drain electrode 1181, the gate electrode 1182, the source When the electrode 1183 and the signal line generate reflected light, the pixel definition layer 140 with low transmittance and multiple microstructures can absorb the reflected light at different angles, and can prevent the light from being concentrated too much, which can reduce the ambient light for the picture The impact of the display quality. The pixel definition layer 140 may form a plurality of openings 190 (shown in FIG. 3A), and each opening 190 may correspond to a pixel area 192 or a sub-pixel area. The plurality of light emitting elements 150 respectively correspond to the openings 190 formed by the pixel definition layer 140, and are electrically connected to the first electrode 170 and the second electrode 130. The first electrode 170 covers the surfaces of the pixel definition layer 140, the light emitting element 150 and the spacer 160, and is conformal to the pixel definition layer 140, the light emitting element 150 and the spacer 160. That is, the first electrode 170 conforms to the relief of the pixel definition layer 140, the light emitting element 150, and the spacer 160, and has a corresponding shape or appearance. The second electrode 130 may be formed on the upper surface of the flat layer 120 and pass through the flat layer 120 to be electrically connected to and contact the switch unit 110s (for example, to the drain electrode 1181). The light emitting element 150 is located between the first electrode 170 and the second electrode 130 and is electrically connected to the first electrode 170 and the second electrode 130. The light-emitting element 150 is, for example, an organic light-emitting diode. The first electrode 170 is, for example, a cathode, and the second electrode 130 is, for example, an anode.

In one embodiment, the number of spacers 160 is greater than 1 (FIG. 2A only exemplarily shows one spacer). The plurality of spacers 160 may be separated from each other. The spacer 160 is located on the pixel definition layer 140, and can be made of a black matrix resin (Black Matrix Resist) such as an acrylic resin material, and has low transmittance and reflectance. For example, the penetration rate of the spacer 160 is less than 1%. And, the spacer 160 includes a micro structure 161. Each micro structure 161 may protrude away from the first substrate 110. The number of microstructures 161 may be equal to 1 or greater. There is a first distance D ₁ between the top of the microstructure 161 of the spacer 160 and the upper surface 110 a of the first substrate 110, and a second between the microstructure 141 of the pixel definition layer 140 and the upper surface 110 a of the first substrate 110 Distance D ₂ , and the first distance D _{1 is} greater than the second distance D ₂ . Similar to the optical effect of the pixel definition layer 140, when ambient light is irradiated to the inside of the stacked structure 100A, it encounters metal elements (such as the drain electrode 1181, the gate electrode 1182, and the source electrode 1183 and the signal line). When reflecting light, a spacer with a low transmittance and a micro-structure can absorb reflected light at different angles, and can prevent the light from being concentrated too much, compared to an optical design with only the pixel definition layer 140 (for example, using For the embodiment with low transmittance and micro-structure 141) and the spacer without the above optical design, the influence of ambient light on the display quality of the picture can be further reduced.

In one embodiment, the first electrode 170 covers the spacer 160 and the pixel definition layer 140, and has a plurality of microstructures 171. The portion of the first electrode 170 covering the light-emitting element 150 does not have the microstructure 171. A part of the microstructure 171 of the first electrode 170 has an appearance corresponding to the microstructure 141 of the pixel definition layer 140, and a part of the microstructure 171 of the first electrode 170 has an appearance corresponding to the microstructure 161 of the spacer 160. The top portion of the microstructure 161 of the first electrode 170 corresponding to the spacer 160 has a third distance D ₃ between the top surface 110a of the first substrate 110, and the microstructure of the first electrode 170 corresponding to the pixel definition layer 140 There is a fourth distance D ₄ between the top portion of 141 and the upper surface 110 a of the first substrate 110, and the third distance D _{3 is} greater than the fourth distance D ₄ .

In one embodiment, the light shielding layer 180 is located above the first electrode 170 and has a hole 184 corresponding to the light emitting element 150. The light-shielding layer 180 has low reflectivity and transmittance, and is made of a black matrix resist such as an acrylic resin material, for example, the transmittance is less than 1%. Compared to the optical design with only the above pixel definition layer 140 (for example, using a low-transmission material and having a microstructure 141) and the optical design of the spacer 160 (for example, using a low-transmission material and having a micro Structure 161) without the optical design of the light-shielding layer 180 (for example, using a material with low transmittance), in this embodiment, the low-light-transmitting material of the light-shielding layer 180 can further reduce the display quality of the ambient light on the screen Impact. In other embodiments, the laminated structure 100A of the present invention may not have a light-shielding layer 180, the first electrode 170 may not be covered by the masking layer 180. The multiple microstructures (eg, between the microstructures 141, between the microstructures 161, and between the microstructures 171) may have partially the same and partially different sizes, for example, the width and height may be the same or different from each other.

FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure 100B of a flexible display 2 according to yet another embodiment of the invention. The structure of the stacked structure 100B is similar to the stacked structure 100A, except that the light shielding layer 180 has a micro structure 181, the flat layer 220 has a micro structure 221, the second electrode 230 has a micro structure 231, and the light emitting element 250 has a micro structure 251 The arrangement of the micro-structure 241 of the pixel definition layer 240 and the micro-structure 271 of the first electrode 270 are different from the micro-structure 141 of the pixel definition layer 140 and the micro-structure 171 of the first electrode 170, and the rest are repeated. It will not be detailed here.

Referring to FIG. 2B, the upper surface of the light shielding layer 180 has a plurality of microstructures 181, and the upper surface of the flat layer 220 has a plurality of microstructures 221. Each microstructure 181 of the light shielding layer 180 and each microstructure 221 of the flat layer 220 protrude away from the first substrate 110. The upper surface of the second electrode 230 also has a microstructure 231, that is, the microstructure 231 of the second electrode 230 directly contacts the light emitting element 250. Compared to the pixel definition layer 140 of FIG. 2A, the pixel definition layer 240 has a smaller area on the flat layer 220, and part of the flat layer 220 may directly contact the first electrode 270. In the area where the first electrode 270 directly covers the flat layer 220, the first electrode 270 can conform to the topography of the flat layer 220, so that the microstructure 271 of the first electrode 270 and the microstructure 221 of the flat layer 220 can have corresponding Appearance. Moreover, the partial microstructure 271 of the first electrode 270 is located on the upper surface of the light emitting unit 150. Compared with the stacked structure 100A of FIG. 2A, the stacked structure 100B has more micro-structure designs, such as the number of micro-structures 271 of the first electrode 270 The light shielding layer 180 has a micro structure 181, the flat layer 220 has a micro structure 221, and the second electrode 230 also has a micro structure 231, which can better disperse the reflected light caused by the ambient light encountering the metal element and avoid observation The person feels more concentrated light, which is more conducive to the display quality of the picture.

In FIGS. 2A and 2B, the microstructures 141, 161, 171, 181, 221, 231, and 271 are all exemplarily drawn as hemispheres. However, the present invention is not limited to this, the micro-structure can be any geometric shape (such as a sphere, cone, cylinder, triangular cone, triangular column, cuboid, cube, trapezoidal column), as will be described later, as long as it can To achieve the purpose of dispersing light.

FIG. 3A illustrates a top view of a stacked structure 100A of a flexible display 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of the relative position of the microstructure in FIG. 2A (the light-shielding layer 180 and the One electrode 170).

Referring to FIG. 3A, the pixel definition layer 140 has a micro structure 141, and the spacer 160 has a micro structure 161. The pixel definition layer 140 forms a plurality of openings 190, and each opening 190 corresponds to a pixel area 192 (for example, red pixel R, green pixel G, and blue pixel B). The spacer 160 is disposed on the pixel definition layer 140. The microstructures 141 and 161 may be spherical, cylindrical or conical, respectively.

FIG. 3B illustrates a top view of the laminated structure 100B of the flexible display 2 according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, and schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of the relative position of the microstructure in FIG. 2B (the light-shielding layer 180 and The first electrode 170).

Referring to FIG. 3B, the pixel definition layer 240 has a micro structure 241, the spacer 160 has a micro structure 161, and the first electrode 270 has a micro structure 271. The pixel definition layer 240 forms a plurality of openings 290, and each opening 290 corresponds to a pixel area (for example, red pixel R, green pixel G, and blue pixel B). The spacer 160 is disposed on the pixel definition layer 240 on. The microstructure 271 of the first electrode 270 may correspond to the opening 290, for example, covering the light emitting element 150 (shown in FIG. 2B). The microstructures 241, 161, and 271 may be spherical, cylindrical, or conical, respectively.

FIG. 4A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a microstructure 101 of a flexible display according to an embodiment of the invention. The appearance of any of the above-mentioned microstructures (for example, microstructures 141, 161, 181, 221, 231, 241, and 271) can be applied to the microstructure 101, and can be spherical or semi-spherical. The radius R _{1 of the} microstructure 101 may be between 0.1 μm and 10 μm.

FIG. 4B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the microstructure 102 of the flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention. The appearance of any of the above-mentioned microstructures (for example, microstructures 141, 161, 181, 221, 231, 241, and 271) can be applied to the microstructure 102, and may be cylindrical. The radius R _{2 of the} microstructure 102 may be between 0.1 μm and 10 μm, and the height L ₁ may be between 0.1 μm and 5 μm.

FIG. 4C is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the microstructure 103 of the flexible display according to another embodiment of the invention. The appearance of any of the above-mentioned microstructures (for example, microstructures 141, 161, 181, 221, 231, 241, and 271) can be applied to the microstructure 103, and can be a conical shape. The radius R _{3 of the} microstructure 103 may be between 0.1 μm and 10 μm, and the height L ₂ may be between 0.1 μm and 5 μm.

FIG. 4D is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the microstructure 104 of the flexible display according to another embodiment of the invention. The appearance of any of the above-mentioned microstructures (for example, microstructures 141, 161, 181, 221, 231, 241, and 271) can be applied to the microstructure 104, and may be triangular pyramidal. The width W _{1 of the} microstructure 104 may be between 0.1 μm and 10 μm, and the height L ₃ may be between 0.1 μm and 5 μm.

FIG. 4E is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a microstructure 105 of a flexible display according to yet another embodiment of the invention. The appearance of any of the above microstructures (for example, microstructures 141, 161, 181, 221, 231, 241, and 271) can be applied to the microstructure 105, which can be a trapezoidal cylinder (formed on the X axis and Z axis (The trapezoid in the cross-sectional view). The microstructure 105 has a top width W ₃ on the top surface far away from the first substrate 110 and a bottom width W ₄ on the bottom surface close to the first substrate 110. The bottom width W _{4 is} greater than the top width W ₃ . The top width W ₃ may be between 0.1 μm and 10 μm, and the bottom width W ₄ may be between 0.1 μm and 20 μm. The vertical height L ₄ between the top surface and the bottom surface of the microstructure 105 may be 0.1 μm to 5 μm.

FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of a stacked structure 200A of a flexible display 2 according to yet another embodiment of the invention. The structure of the stacked structure 200A is similar to the stacked structure 100A, except that the light shielding layer is not provided, and the microstructure 341 of the pixel definition layer 340, the microstructure 361 of the spacer 360, and the microstructure 371 of the first electrode 370 The appearances are different from the microstructures 141 of the pixel definition layer 140, the microstructures 161 of the spacer 160, and the microstructures 171 of the first electrode 170, and the other repetitions are not described in detail here.

Please refer to FIG. 5A, the microstructure 341 of the pixel definition layer 340 and the microstructure 361 of the spacer 360 may have a conical shape (as in the embodiment of FIG. 4C) or a triangular cone (as in the embodiment of FIG. 4D) Appearance. The microstructure 371 of the first electrode 370 is conformal to the microstructure 341 or 361. When the microstructures 341 and 361 are conical, the size range can be the same as the microstructure 103 in FIG. 4C. When the microstructures 341 and 361 are triangular pyramids, the size range can be the same as the microstructure 104 in FIG. 4D.

FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure 200B of a flexible display 2 according to yet another embodiment of the invention. The structure of the stacked structure 200B is similar to the stacked structure 100B, except that the light shielding layer is not provided, and the microstructure of the flat layer 420 421, the microstructure 351 of the light emitting element 350, the microstructure 431 of the second electrode 430, the microstructure 441 of the pixel definition layer 440, the microstructure 461 of the spacer 460, and the microstructure 471 of the first electrode 470, respectively The microstructure 221 of the flat layer 220, the microstructure 251 of the light emitting element 250, the microstructure 231 of the second electrode 230, the microstructure 241 of the pixel definition layer 240, the microstructure 161 of the spacer 160, and the first electrode 270 have microstructures The appearance of 271 is different, and other duplicates will not be described in detail here.

Referring to FIG. 5B, the microstructure 421 of the flat layer 420, the microstructure 351 of the light emitting element 350, the microstructure 431 of the second electrode 430, the microstructure 441 of the pixel definition layer 440, and the microstructure 461 of the spacer 460 may have Conical shape (as in the embodiment of FIG. 4C) or triangular cone (as in the embodiment of FIG. 4D). The microstructure 471 of the first electrode 470 is conformal to the microstructure 351, 441 or 461. When the microstructure 421 of the flat layer 420, the microstructure 431 of the second electrode 430, the microstructure 441 of the pixel definition layer 440, and the microstructure 461 of the spacer 460 are conical, the size range can be the same as the microstructure of FIG. 4C Structure 103. When the microstructure 421 of the flat layer 420, the microstructure 431 of the second electrode 430, the microstructure 441 of the pixel definition layer 440, and the microstructure 461 of the spacer 460 are triangular pyramids, the size range can be the same as that in FIG. 4D Microstructure 104.

FIG. 6A is a perspective view of a stacked structure 200A of a flexible display 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an exemplary schematic view showing the relative positions of the microstructures in FIG. 5A (the first electrode 370 is omitted) .

Referring to FIG. 6A, the pixel definition layer 340 has a micro structure 341, and the spacer 360 has a micro structure 361. The pixel definition layer 340 forms a plurality of openings 390, and each opening 390 corresponds to a pixel area (for example, red pixel R, green pixel G, and blue pixel B). The spacer 360 is disposed on the pixel definition layer 340. The microstructures 341 and 361 may be triangular pyramids or triangular columns, respectively.

FIG. 6B is a perspective view of a stacked structure 200B of a flexible display 2 according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, and schematically illustrates a relative position of the microstructure in FIG. 5B.

Referring to FIG. 6B, the pixel definition layer 440 has a micro structure 441, the spacer 460 has a micro structure 461, and the first electrode 470 has a micro structure 471. The pixel definition layer 440 forms a plurality of openings 490, and each opening 490 corresponds to a pixel area (for example, red pixel R, green pixel G, and blue pixel B). The spacer 460 is disposed on the pixel definition layer 440. The microstructure 471 of the first electrode 470 may correspond to the opening 490, for example, it covers the light emitting element 150 (shown in FIG. 5B). The microstructures 441, 461 and 471 may be triangular pyramids or triangular columns, respectively.

FIG. 7A is a cross-sectional view of a laminated structure 300A of a flexible display 2 according to yet another embodiment of the invention. The structure of the stacked structure 300A is similar to the stacked structure 100A, except that the light shielding layer is not provided, and the micro structure 541 of the pixel definition layer 540, the micro structure 561 of the spacer 560, and the micro structure 571 of the first electrode 570 The appearance is different from the microstructure 141 of the pixel definition layer 140, the microstructure 161 of the spacer 160, and the microstructure 171 of the first electrode 170, and the other repetitions are not described in detail here.

Please refer to FIG. 7A, the micro structure 541 of the pixel definition layer 540 and the micro structure 561 of the spacer 560 may have a trapezoidal shape. The microstructure 571 of the first electrode 570 is conformal to the microstructure 541 or 561.

FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view of the laminated structure 300B of the flexible display 2 according to yet another embodiment of the invention. The structure of the stacked structure 300B is similar to the stacked structure 100B, except that the light shielding layer is not provided, and the microstructure 621 of the flat layer 620, the microstructure 451 of the light emitting element 450, the microstructure 631 of the second electrode 630, The microstructure 641 of the element definition layer 640, the microstructure 661 of the spacer 660, and the microstructure 671 of the first electrode 670 are respectively the same as the microstructure 221 of the flat layer 220, the microstructure 251 of the light emitting element 250, and the second electrode 230 The microstructures 231, the microstructures 241 of the pixel definition layer 240, the microstructures 261 of the spacer 260, and the microstructures 271 of the first electrode 270 are different in appearance, and other repetitions are not described in detail here.

Referring to FIG. 7B, the microstructure 621 of the flat layer 620, the microstructure 451 of the light emitting element 450, the microstructure 631 of the second electrode 630, the microstructure 661 of the spacer 660, and the microstructure 671 of the first electrode 670 may be trapezoidal The cylinder may have a trapezoidal shape in the cross-sectional view formed by the X axis and the Z axis. The microstructure 671 of the first electrode 670 is conformal to part of the microstructure 621 and part of the microstructure 661.

FIG. 8A illustrates a top view of a stacked structure 300A of a flexible display 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the microstructures in FIG. 7A (the first electrode 570 is omitted) .

Referring to FIG. 8A, the pixel definition layer 540 has a micro structure 541, and the spacer 560 has a micro structure 561. The pixel definition layer 540 forms a plurality of openings 590, and each opening 590 corresponds to a pixel area or sub-pixel area (for example, red pixel R, green pixel G, and blue pixel B). The spacer 560 is disposed on the pixel definition layer 540. The microstructures 541 and 561 may be trapezoidal cylinders, rectangular parallelepipeds, or geometric cylinders with rectangular bottoms, respectively.

FIG. 8B illustrates a top view of the laminated structure 300B of the flexible display 2 according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, and exemplarily illustrates a schematic view of the relative position of the microstructure in FIG. 7B.

Referring to FIG. 8B, the pixel definition layer 640 has a micro structure 641, the spacer 660 has a micro structure 661, and the first electrode 670 has a micro structure 671. The pixel definition layer 640 forms a plurality of openings 690, and each opening 690 corresponds to a pixel area (for example, red Pixel R, green pixel G and blue pixel B). The spacer 660 is disposed on the pixel definition layer 640. The microstructure 671 of the first electrode 670 may correspond to the opening 690, for example, covering the light emitting element 150 (shown in FIG. 7B). The microstructures 641, 661, and 671 may be trapezoidal cylinders, rectangular parallelepipeds, or geometric vertebrae or geometric cylinders with rectangular bottom surfaces, respectively.

In the above embodiments, the appearance of each microstructure of the pixel definition layer may be spherical, cylindrical, conical, triangular pyramid, trapezoid, but the invention is not limited to this, in other embodiments The shape of the microstructure of the pixel definition layer can be any combination of sphere, cylinder, cone, triangle cone, and trapezoid.

Please refer to Table 1 below, which shows the bending results and optical characteristics of Experimental Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. Experimental Example 1 is a flexible display 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention (as shown in FIG. 1A, there is no polarizing plate between the cover plate 15 and the base film 5). Comparative Example 1 is a flexible display having a polarizing plate between the cover plate 15 and the base film 5. Since Comparative Example 1 has at least one more polarizing plate than Experimental Example 1, it has a larger thickness.

In Table 1, the flexible display of Comparative Example 1 and the flexible display of Experimental Example 1 were respectively subjected to bending tests under different curvature radii (2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm), and the strain was simulated ). The smaller the radius of curvature, the greater the strain on the flexible display tested. In Comparative Example 1, the bending of different curvature radii Below, the strains are all greater than 1%, and in contrast, the strains of Experimental Example 1 are all less than 1%. It can be seen that Experimental Example 1 is easier to bend than the Comparative Example, does not withstand too much strain, and has a low probability of cracking and damage. Moreover, the reflectance of Experimental Example 1 is only slightly higher than that of Comparative Example 1, and it still has quite good optical properties against reflection.

The invention provides a flexible display with a pixel definition layer having a penetration rate of less than 1% and multiple microstructures. Therefore, when ambient light irradiates the inside of the flexible display and encounters metal elements to generate reflected light, the pixel definition layer with low transmission rate and multiple microstructures can absorb the reflected light at different angles and can The micro-structure design prevents the light from being too concentrated, which can reduce the influence of ambient light on the display quality of the screen. Moreover, since the pixel definition layer has the above-mentioned optical characteristics, it can replace the use of the polarizing plate, so that the flexible display of the present invention can have good optical characteristics (for example, low reflectance) without installing a polarizing plate, which can be reduced The thickness of the flexible display is easier to bend without damage.

In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed as above with examples, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications and retouching without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be deemed as defined by the scope of the attached patent application.

100A: stacked structure

110: the first substrate

110a, 111a: upper surface

111: soft substrate

112: buffer layer

114: Interlayer dielectric layer

110s: switch unit

115: Active layer

117: Gate

120: flat layer

130: second electrode

140: pixel definition layer

141, 161, 171: microstructure

150: light emitting element

160: gap

170: first electrode

180: shading layer

184: Hole

1131: First insulating layer

1132: Second insulating layer

1161: Drain

1162: Source

1181: Drain electrode

1182: Gate electrode

1183: Source electrode

D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , D ₄ : distance

Claims (10)

A flexible display includes: a first substrate; and a pixel definition layer on the first substrate, having a plurality of openings, each of the openings corresponds to a pixel area, wherein the pixel definition layer is worn Transmittance is less than 1%, and has a plurality of micro-structures, each of the micro-structures protrudes away from the first substrate; a first electrode is located on the pixel definition layer; a plurality of light-emitting elements, respectively corresponding Openings; and a second electrode located on the first substrate, and each light emitting element is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, and each light emitting element is electrically connected to the first electrode. The flexible display as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the first electrode has a plurality of microstructures, and some of the microstructures of the first electrode have the microstructures corresponding to the pixel definition layer The appearance of the structure. The flexible display as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the microstructures of the part of the first electrode are located on the light emitting elements. The flexible display as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein each of the light emitting elements is electrically connected to the second electrode. The flexible display as described in item 4 of the patent application scope, wherein the second electrode has a plurality of microstructures, and the microstructures of the second electrode are Protruding away from the first substrate, and the microstructures of the part of the second electrode are located below the light emitting elements. The flexible display as described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes a light-shielding layer, the light-shielding layer is located above the first electrode and has a hole corresponding to each light-emitting element, and the light-shielding layer has a transmittance less than 1%, and the light-shielding layer has a plurality of microstructures, and each microstructure of the light-shielding layer protrudes away from the first substrate. The flexible display as described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes a spacer, the spacer is located on the pixel definition layer, the penetration of the spacer is less than 1%, and the spacer has at least one For the micro-structure, the at least one micro-structure of the spacer protrudes away from the first substrate. The flexible display as described in item 1 of the patent application scope further includes a flat layer between the first substrate and the pixel-defining layer, and the transmittance of the flat layer is less than 1%. The flexible display as described in item 8 of the patent application range, wherein the flat layer has a plurality of microstructures, and each microstructure of the flat layer protrudes away from the first substrate. The flexible display as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the appearance of each microstructure of the pixel definition layer is spherical, cylindrical, conical, triangular pyramid, trapezoid and any combination thereof.

Images