TWI690497B - A power system of biofuel and the operating method thereof - Google Patents

A power system of biofuel and the operating method thereof Download PDF

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TWI690497B
TWI690497B TW108100122A TW108100122A TWI690497B TW I690497 B TWI690497 B TW I690497B TW 108100122 A TW108100122 A TW 108100122A TW 108100122 A TW108100122 A TW 108100122A TW I690497 B TWI690497 B TW I690497B
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power generation
waste
gas
biomass
fuel gas
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TW202026252A (en
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陳上元
賴奇厚
藍柏凱
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逢甲大學
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present invention discloses a power system of biofuel comprising a biomass-waste discharging apparatus, a fuel gas generation system, a power generation device, a power storage device, a power control device, and a load system. The biomass-waste discharging apparatus discharges a biomass waste with pH value which is in the range of 6to 8. The fuel gas generation system connected with the biomass-waste discharging apparatus generates a fuel gas, and comprises a biomass-waste separation device, an anaerobic digestion device connected with the biomass-waste separation device, a gas purification device connected with the anaerobic digestion device, and a gas storage device connected with the gas purification device. The power generation device is connected with the fuel gas generation device. The power storage device is connected with the power generation device. The power control device is connected with the power storage device and the power generation device respectively. The load system is connected with the power control device. In addition, the present invention also discloses an operating method of the power system of biofuel.

Description

生質能源發電系統及其運作方法Biomass power generation system and its operating method

本發明係關於一種生質能源發電系統及其運作方法，尤指一種可將生質物料轉化形成電力，以提供負載系統使用的生質能源發電系統及其運作方法。The invention relates to a biomass energy power generation system and an operation method thereof, in particular to a biomass energy power generation system and an operation method which can convert biomass materials into electricity to provide a load system.

20 世紀初，開發的行為在於追求能源高度的可用性與消費性，發明各式耗能的「主動式」設備與家電。20 世紀末則因為地球生態環境過度的破壞，節能的「被動式」設計再度為環保人士所重視。21 世紀初，面對「被動節能」的永續原則與「主動耗能」的舒適需求，新典範則是智慧地使用能源。區域、住所應該結合新的作法，以改善建築環境。At the beginning of the 20th century, the development behavior was to pursue a high degree of energy availability and consumption, inventing various types of energy-consuming "active" equipment and home appliances. At the end of the 20th century, because of the excessive destruction of the earth's ecological environment, energy-saving "passive" design was once again valued by environmentalists. At the beginning of the 21st century, facing the persistence principle of "passive energy saving" and the comfortable demand of "active energy consumption", the new paradigm is to use energy wisely. Areas and residences should incorporate new practices to improve the built environment.

畜牧業與農業是目前最不可或缺的產業，長久以來都佔有很重要的地位。舉以豬舍為例，目前在全台養頭數目約有550萬頭，而豬糞尿水加上清洗豬舍所產生的廢水，每日所產生的廢水量高達 20 多萬公噸，如此龐大數量的豬糞尿廢水，若直接排入溝渠或河川等水體，將直接衝擊水中的生物，破壞生態環境。Animal husbandry and agriculture are the most indispensable industries at present, and have occupied a very important position for a long time. Take the pig house as an example. At present, there are about 5.5 million heads in Taiwan. The amount of waste water generated by pig manure and urine plus the waste water from cleaning the pig house is as high as more than 200,000 metric tons per day. If the pig manure and urine wastewater is directly discharged into water bodies such as ditches or rivers, it will directly impact the organisms in the water and destroy the ecological environment.

因此，本發明提出一種生質能源發電系統及其運作方法，藉由替代性能源的開發結合發電機與運算控至，驅動「主動」的建築元件，以改善「被動」建築不足的效能與環境污染上的問題。Therefore, the present invention proposes a biomass energy power generation system and its operating method. By the development of alternative energy sources combined with generators and computing control, it drives “active” building elements to improve the performance and environment of “passive” building shortages. Problems with pollution.

有鑑於此，本發明之目的在於提出一種可透過生質物料轉化成電力，以供負載系統使用的生質能源發電系統及其運作方法，來達到節能減碳及能源自主的目標。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a biomass energy power generation system that can be converted into electricity by biomass materials for use by a load system and an operation method thereof to achieve the goals of energy saving, carbon reduction and energy independence.

本發明之生質能源發電系統主要包含：至少一廢料排放設備，用以排放一廢料，且該廢料的PH值介於6-8之間；一燃料氣體生產系統，與該廢料排放設備連接，該燃料氣體生產系統產生一燃料氣體，包含：一廢料分離裝置；一厭氧醱酵裝置，與該廢料分離裝置連接；一氣體淨化裝置，與該厭氧醱酵裝置連接；以及一氣體儲存裝置，與該氣體淨化裝置連接。一氣體發電裝置，與該燃料氣體生產系統連接；一電力儲存裝置，與該氣體發電裝置連接；一電力控制裝置，與該電力儲存裝置和該氣體發電裝置連接；以及一負載系統，與該電力控制裝置連接。The biomass energy power generation system of the present invention mainly includes: at least one waste discharge device for discharging a waste, and the PH value of the waste is between 6-8; a fuel gas production system is connected to the waste discharge device, The fuel gas production system generates a fuel gas, including: a waste separation device; an anaerobic fermentation device connected to the waste separation device; a gas purification device connected to the anaerobic fermentation device; and a gas storage device , Connected to the gas purification device. A gas power generation device connected to the fuel gas production system; an electric power storage device connected to the gas power generation device; an electric power control device connected to the power storage device and the gas power generation device; and a load system connected to the electric power The control device is connected.

此外，本發明更提出一種生質能源發電系統的運作方法，包含以下步驟：（A）一廢料排放設備排放一廢料，且該廢料的PH值介於6-8之間；（B）一廢料分離裝置分離該廢料而形成一固體廢料和一液體廢料；（C）一厭氧醱酵裝置對該固體廢料進行厭氧醱酵反應以產生一生質氣體；（D）一氣體淨化裝置對該厭氧醱酵反應所產生的該生質氣體進行分離及純化處理，以形成一燃料氣體；以及（E）一氣體發電裝置透過該燃料氣體產生電力，並供給該電力至一負載系統。In addition, the present invention further proposes an operation method of a biomass energy power generation system, which includes the following steps: (A) a waste discharge device discharges a waste, and the PH value of the waste is between 6-8; (B) a waste The separation device separates the waste material to form a solid waste material and a liquid waste material; (C) an anaerobic fermentation enzyme device performs an anaerobic fermentation reaction on the solid waste material to produce a biomass gas; (D) a gas purification device The biomass gas produced by the oxygen fermentation reaction is separated and purified to form a fuel gas; and (E) a gas power generation device generates electricity through the fuel gas and supplies the electricity to a load system.

以上對本發明的簡述，目的在於對本發明之數種面向和技術特徵作一基本說明。發明簡述並非對本發明的詳細表述，因此其目的不在特別列舉本發明的關鍵性或重要元件，也不是用來界定本發明的範圍，僅為以簡明的方式呈現本發明的數種概念而已。The above brief description of the present invention aims to provide a basic description of several aspects and technical features of the present invention. The brief description of the invention is not a detailed description of the invention, so its purpose is not to specifically list the key or important elements of the invention, nor to define the scope of the invention, but to present several concepts of the invention in a concise manner.

為能瞭解本發明的技術特徵及實用功效，並可依照說明書的內容來實施，茲進一步以如圖式所示的較佳實施例，詳細說明如後：In order to understand the technical features and practical effects of the present invention, and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments as shown in the drawings are further described in detail below:

本發明是一種可應用於畜牧業或農業的發電系統，可將大量的生質物料（如動物排泄物、農作物殘渣及廚餘等）轉化為電力，同時結合其他的再生能源，以達到節能減碳以及能源自主的目標。The invention is a power generation system applicable to animal husbandry or agriculture, which can convert a large amount of biomass materials (such as animal wastes, crop residues and kitchen waste, etc.) into electricity, while combining with other renewable energy sources to achieve energy saving and reduction The goal of carbon and energy independence.

首先，請參考第一圖，其為本發明較佳實施例之生質能源發電系統示意圖。如第一圖所示，本發明之生質能源發電系統1主要包含：一廢料排放設備10，用以排放一廢料，且該廢料的PH值介於6-8之間；一燃料氣體生產系統20，與該廢料排放設備10連接，該燃料氣體生產系統20產生一燃料氣體；一氣體發電裝置30，與該燃料氣體生產系統20連接；一電力儲存裝置40，與該氣體發電裝置30連接；一電力控制裝置50，與該電力儲存裝置40和該氣體發電裝置30連接；以及一負載系統60，與該電力控制裝置50連接。First, please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic diagram of a biomass energy power generation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the first figure, the biomass energy power generation system 1 of the present invention mainly includes: a waste discharge device 10 for discharging a waste, and the PH value of the waste is between 6-8; a fuel gas production system 20. Connected to the waste discharge equipment 10, the fuel gas production system 20 generates a fuel gas; a gas power generation device 30 is connected to the fuel gas production system 20; a power storage device 40 is connected to the gas power generation device 30; A power control device 50 is connected to the power storage device 40 and the gas power generation device 30; and a load system 60 is connected to the power control device 50.

具體而言，該廢料排放設備10可以是畜牧業的豬場、雞舍或馬廄等的排放設備，也可以是農業的穀倉、稻場或溫室等，抑或是一般的工業工廠。因此，該廢料排放設備10所排放出的廢料可能是人工基質，如葡萄糖、木糖、蔗糖、麥芽糖、澱粉或其組合；或是生質物料，如動物排泄物、農作物殘渣、廢水、廚餘或其組合。值得注意的是，不論是人工基質或生質物料，該些廢料的PH值皆須控制在6-8之間，才可產生較多的生質（燃料）氣體（可同時參照第二圖），以利於後續電力的生產。Specifically, the waste discharge device 10 may be a discharge device for pig farms, chicken coops, or rice farms in animal husbandry, or may be an agricultural barn, rice farm, greenhouse, or the like, or a general industrial factory. Therefore, the waste discharged by the waste discharge device 10 may be an artificial substrate, such as glucose, xylose, sucrose, maltose, starch, or a combination thereof; or a biomass material, such as animal waste, crop residues, wastewater, and food waste Or a combination thereof. It is worth noting that, whether it is an artificial substrate or a biomass material, the PH value of these waste materials must be controlled between 6-8 in order to produce more biomass (fuel) gas (refer to the second figure at the same time) , In order to facilitate the subsequent production of electricity.

而與該廢料排放設備10連接的燃料氣體生產系統20則負責將前述之廢料轉化成燃料氣體，並將該燃料氣體傳送至氣體發電裝置30以產生電力。其中，該燃料氣體生產系統20包含：一廢料分離裝置22；一厭氧醱酵裝置24，與該廢料分離裝置22連接；一氣體淨化裝置26，與該厭氧醱酵裝置24連接；以及一氣體儲存裝置28，與該氣體淨化裝置26連接。The fuel gas production system 20 connected to the waste discharge device 10 is responsible for converting the aforementioned waste into fuel gas, and transmits the fuel gas to the gas power generation device 30 to generate electricity. Wherein, the fuel gas production system 20 includes: a waste separation device 22; an anaerobic fermentation device 24 connected to the waste separation device 22; a gas purification device 26 connected to the anaerobic fermentation device 24; and a The gas storage device 28 is connected to the gas purification device 26.

具體而言，該廢料分離裝置22更包含一固液分離器222，用以分離前述之廢料；以及一收集處理器224，與該固液分離器222連接，該收集處理器224可收集該固液分離器222分離後的固體。該些經收集後的固體廢料則會透過厭氧醱酵裝置26\4進行厭氧醱酵反應以產生一生質氣體；最後，再藉由氣體淨化裝置26將該生質氣體進行分離、純化以及脫硫等步驟，形成如氫氣（H 2）或甲烷（CH 4）等燃料氣體，並透過氣體儲存裝置28加以儲存。 Specifically, the waste separation device 22 further includes a solid-liquid separator 222 for separating the aforementioned waste; and a collection processor 224 connected to the solid-liquid separator 222, the collection processor 224 can collect the solid The solid separated by the liquid separator 222. The collected solid waste will undergo an anaerobic fermentation reaction through the anaerobic fermentation device 26\4 to generate a biomass gas; finally, the biomass gas is separated, purified and purified by the gas purification device 26 and Steps such as desulfurization form fuel gas such as hydrogen (H 2 ) or methane (CH 4 ), which is stored through the gas storage device 28.

而經由固液分離器222分離的液體則可透過與廢料分離裝置22（固液分離器222）連接的一濾沼槽223進行回收，並透過攪拌、過濾、濃縮以及分離等步驟製備有機複合液肥，可作為農作物及花卉等植物液肥使用。The liquid separated by the solid-liquid separator 222 can be recovered through a biogas tank 223 connected to the waste separation device 22 (solid-liquid separator 222), and the organic compound liquid fertilizer is prepared through the steps of stirring, filtering, concentration and separation , Can be used as liquid fertilizer for crops and flowers.

該氧醱酵反應裝置24還可包含有一醣化反應槽及設置於其內部的攪拌裝置（圖未示）、一營養鹽反應槽及設置於其內部的攪拌裝置（圖未示）、一混和槽及設置於其內部的攪拌裝置（圖未示），以及一醱酵反應槽（圖未示）。其中，醣化反應槽與營養鹽反應槽連通混合槽，並可將前述之固體廢料與營養鹽注入混合槽中攪拌混合；而混合槽連通醱酵反應槽，該醱酵反應槽可透過厭氧醱酵反應產生生質氣體。The oxo-fermentation reaction device 24 may further include a saccharification reaction tank and a stirring device (not shown) disposed inside thereof, a nutrient reaction tank and a stirring device (not shown) disposed therein, and a mixing tank And the stirring device (not shown) installed inside it, and a fermentation reaction tank (not shown). Among them, the saccharification reaction tank and the nutrient salt reaction tank are connected to the mixing tank, and the aforementioned solid waste and nutrient salts can be injected into the mixing tank for stirring and mixing; The fermentation reaction produces biomass gas.

其中，醱酵反應槽主要是利用厭氧菌進行厭氧醱酵反應產生生質氣體，該醱酵反應槽可以是連續式攪拌反應器（Continuous-Stirred Tank Reactor, CSTR）、厭氧序批式反應器（Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor, ASBR）、厭氧折流反應器（Anaerobic Baffled Bioreactor, ABR）、擔體誘發式顆粒污泥床（Carrier-Induced Granular Sludge Bed, CIGSB）、上流式厭氧污泥床（Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket, UASB）、膨脹式顆粒污泥床（Expended Granular Sludge Bed, EGSB）或攪拌式顆粒污泥床（Agitated Granular Sludge Bed, AGSB）。Among them, the fermentation reaction tank mainly uses anaerobic bacteria to perform anaerobic fermentation reaction to generate biomass gas. The fermentation reaction tank may be a continuous-stirred tank reactor (CSTR), anaerobic sequential batch type Reactor (Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor, ASBR), Anaerobic Baffled Bioreactor (ABR), Carrier-Induced Granular Sludge Bed (CIGSB), Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket, UASB), Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) or Agitated Granular Sludge Bed (AGSB).

由廢料轉化為燃料氣體的過程中，轉化的方式、廢料中硫化氫的濃度以及環境地控制條件（如溫度、濕度或壓力）等，皆會影響燃料氣體的生產效率。以下將對本發明中，廢料轉化的具體步驟作進一步的說明。In the process of converting waste into fuel gas, the conversion method, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the waste, and the environmental control conditions (such as temperature, humidity, or pressure) will affect the production efficiency of fuel gas. The specific steps of waste conversion in the present invention will be further described below.

首先，經由廢料排放設備10所排放的廢料會經由添加有脫水乾燥劑的廢料分離裝置22，以降低廢料的含水率；同時並控制該廢料的PH值介於6-8之間，以提高後續單位氣體的燃燒熱值。再者，將該些經脫水後的廢料放置於厭氧醱酵反應裝置24中以產生生質氣體（沼氣）；其中，該厭氧醱酵反應裝置24的溫度應控制在40-70°C之間（較好的是50°C）、濕度控制在75-90%之間（較好的是80%），且醱酵的時間約為20-40日。而經由厭氧醱酵反應裝置24產生的生質氣體，會進入氣體淨化裝置26，並利用常溫的再生脫硫劑（如氧化鐵）去除生質氣體中的硫化氫（H 2S）氣體，以形成後續發電使用的燃料氣體。最後，再透過氣體儲存裝置28將該些燃料氣體壓縮儲存，且該氣體儲存裝置28還可包含一可控制壓力的閥門，調節從氣體儲存裝置28進入氣體發電裝置中燃料氣體的壓力，以維持氣體發電裝置30穩態運行。 First, the waste discharged through the waste discharge device 10 will pass through the waste separation device 22 added with a dehydrating desiccant to reduce the moisture content of the waste; at the same time and control the PH value of the waste between 6-8 to improve the subsequent The calorific value of combustion per unit gas. Furthermore, the dehydrated wastes are placed in the anaerobic fermentation reaction device 24 to generate biomass gas (biogas); wherein, the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation reaction device 24 should be controlled at 40-70°C Between (preferably 50 °C), humidity is controlled between 75-90% (preferably 80%), and the fermentation time is about 20-40 days. The biomass gas generated by the anaerobic fermentation reaction device 24 enters the gas purification device 26, and uses a normal temperature regenerative desulfurization agent (such as iron oxide) to remove hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas from the biomass gas. In order to form fuel gas for subsequent power generation. Finally, the fuel gas is compressed and stored through the gas storage device 28, and the gas storage device 28 may further include a pressure control valve to adjust the pressure of the fuel gas from the gas storage device 28 into the gas power generation device to maintain The gas power generation device 30 operates in a steady state.

而透過前述之燃料氣體所生產系統生產的燃料氣體（如氫氣或甲烷）會進入氣體發電裝置30中產生電力。其中，該氣體發電裝置30為燃料電池發電裝置。燃料電池發電裝置在產生電力的過程中，主要透過氧氣或其他氧化劑進行氧化還原反應，將燃料氣體中的化學能轉換成電能的發電裝置，燃料電池相較於於原電池，其優點在於透過穩定地供應氧和燃料氣體，可持續不間斷的提供穩定電力直至燃料耗盡。The fuel gas (such as hydrogen or methane) produced by the aforementioned fuel gas production system will enter the gas power generation device 30 to generate electricity. The gas power generation device 30 is a fuel cell power generation device. In the process of generating electricity, the fuel cell power generation device mainly uses oxygen or other oxidants to perform redox reactions to convert the chemical energy in the fuel gas into electrical energy. Compared with the original battery, the fuel cell has the advantage of being stable It can supply oxygen and fuel gas continuously, and can provide uninterrupted and stable power until the fuel is exhausted.

另一方面，燃料電池發電後會產生水與熱，基於使用不同的燃料，有可能產生極少量二氧化碳和其他物質，對環境的污染低於原電池或化石燃料發電廠，其中，燃料電池發電裝置的能量效率通常介於40-60％之間；若將發電後所產生廢熱回收使用，其裝置的能量效率更可達85-90％。因此，本發明之氣體發電裝置30還可與一熱能回收裝置80連接，該熱能回收裝置80可回收氣體發電裝置30燃燒發電後所產生的熱能，以提高發電的能量效率。On the other hand, fuel cells will generate water and heat after power generation. Based on the use of different fuels, it is possible to produce a very small amount of carbon dioxide and other substances. The pollution to the environment is lower than that of primary batteries or fossil fuel power plants. Among them, the fuel cell power plant The energy efficiency is usually between 40-60%; if the waste heat generated after power generation is recycled, the energy efficiency of its device can reach 85-90%. Therefore, the gas power generation device 30 of the present invention can also be connected to a thermal energy recovery device 80, which can recover the thermal energy generated after the gas power generation device 30 is combusted and generated to improve the energy efficiency of power generation.

氣體發電裝置30所產生的電力可直接經由電力控制裝置50的控制，分配到該至少一廢料排放設備10（亦可為本發明之負載系統60）中作使用；而多餘的電力則可透過電力儲存裝置40，且該電力儲存裝置40亦可作為該至少一廢料排放設備10的電力來源，藉此達到能源自主的目的。更進一步而言，該電力儲存裝置40還與至少一再生能源發電裝置70連接，並將該至少一再生能源發電裝置70所產生的電力儲存於電力儲存裝置40中。其中，該至少一再生能源發電裝置70可以是風力發電裝置、水力發電裝置、太陽能發電裝置或其組合。The power generated by the gas power generation device 30 can be directly controlled by the power control device 50 and distributed to the at least one waste discharge device 10 (which can also be the load system 60 of the present invention) for use; and the excess power can be passed through the power The storage device 40, and the power storage device 40 can also be used as a power source of the at least one waste discharge device 10, thereby achieving the purpose of energy independence. Furthermore, the power storage device 40 is also connected to at least one renewable energy power generation device 70 and stores the power generated by the at least one renewable energy power generation device 70 in the power storage device 40. The at least one renewable energy power generation device 70 may be a wind power generation device, a hydroelectric power generation device, a solar power generation device, or a combination thereof.

而本發明之電力控制裝置50還可與一市電系統90並聯連接，以備於緊急情況發生或燃料氣體供應不足時，生質能源發電系統1可將負載系統60或至少一廢料排放設備10的供電來源自動切換至市電系統90，直至氣體發電裝置30的電力輸出正常為止，藉此提高本生質能源發電系統1電力傳輸的穩定度。The power control device 50 of the present invention can also be connected in parallel with a mains system 90 to prepare for the emergency system or insufficient fuel gas supply, the biomass energy power generation system 1 can load the load system 60 or at least one waste discharge equipment 10 The power supply source is automatically switched to the commercial power system 90 until the power output of the gas power generation device 30 is normal, thereby improving the stability of power transmission of the biomass energy power generation system 1.

另外，請同時參考第三圖，其為本發明較佳實施例之生質能源發電系統的運作方法流程圖。如第三圖所示，本發明所提出之生質能源發電系統1的運作方法包含以下步驟：（A）至少一廢料排放設備10排放一廢料，且該廢料的PH值介於6-8之間；（B）一廢料分離裝置22分離該廢料而形成一固體廢料和一液體廢料；（C）一厭氧醱酵裝置24對該固體廢料進行厭氧醱酵反應以產生一生質氣體；（D）一氣體淨化裝置26對該厭氧醱酵反應所產生的該生質氣體進行分離及純化處理，以形成一燃料氣體；以及（E）一氣體發電裝置30透過該燃料氣體產生電力，並供給該電力至一負載系統60。In addition, please also refer to the third figure, which is a flowchart of the operation method of the biomass energy power generation system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the third figure, the operation method of the biomass energy power generation system 1 proposed by the present invention includes the following steps: (A) At least one waste discharge device 10 discharges a waste, and the PH value of the waste is between 6-8 (B) A waste separation device 22 separates the waste to form a solid waste and a liquid waste; (C) An anaerobic fermentation device 24 performs an anaerobic fermentation reaction on the solid waste to generate a biomass gas; ( D) A gas purification device 26 separates and purifies the biomass gas generated by the anaerobic fermentation reaction to form a fuel gas; and (E) a gas power generation device 30 generates electricity through the fuel gas, and The power is supplied to a load system 60.

首先，在步驟（A）中，廢料排放設備10可以是畜牧業的豬場、雞舍或馬廄等的排放設備，也可以是農業的穀倉、稻場或溫室等，抑或是一般的工業工廠。因此，該廢料排放設備10所排放出的廢料可能是人工基質，如葡萄糖、木糖、蔗糖、麥芽糖、澱粉或其組合；或是生質物料，如動物排泄物、農作物殘渣、廢水、廚餘或其組合。First, in step (A), the waste discharge device 10 may be a discharge device for livestock farms such as pig farms, chicken coops or steamed rice farms, or an agricultural barn, rice farm or greenhouse, or a general industrial factory . Therefore, the waste discharged by the waste discharge device 10 may be an artificial substrate, such as glucose, xylose, sucrose, maltose, starch, or a combination thereof; or a biomass material, such as animal waste, crop residues, wastewater, and food waste Or a combination thereof.

再者，在步驟（B）中，經廢料分離裝置22分離後所產生的固體廢料會被送至厭氧醱酵裝置24中以產生生質氣體；而液體廢料則可透過與廢料分離裝置連接的濾沼槽223進行攪拌、過濾、濃縮以及分離等步驟，以製備有機複合液肥。Furthermore, in step (B), the solid waste generated after being separated by the waste separation device 22 is sent to the anaerobic fermentation device 24 to generate biomass gas; and the liquid waste can be connected with the waste separation device The biogas tank 223 is stirred, filtered, concentrated and separated to prepare organic compound liquid fertilizer.

接續，在步驟（C）中，厭氧醱酵裝置24會對該些固體廢料進行厭氧醱酵反應以產生生質氣體，在厭氧發酵的過程中環境的溫度、濕度和壓力，以及固體廢料的酸鹼值皆會影響生質氣體的產量，而本實施例之環境溫度控制在40-70°C、環境濕度控制在75-90%、固體廢料的酸鹼值控制在6-8，並經由一定的醱酵時間始可產出最大量的生質氣體。Next, in step (C), the anaerobic fermentation device 24 will perform an anaerobic fermentation reaction on these solid wastes to generate biomass gas, the temperature, humidity and pressure of the environment and the solids during the anaerobic fermentation process The pH value of the waste will affect the production of biomass gas, and the environmental temperature of this embodiment is controlled at 40-70°C, the environmental humidity is controlled at 75-90%, and the pH value of the solid waste is controlled at 6-8, And after a certain fermentation time, the maximum amount of biomass gas can be produced.

而在步驟（D）中，須將前述之生質氣體輸送進入氣體淨化裝置26進行純化處理，其中生質氣體純化的方法主要可分為：乾式氧化法 （Physical Absorption）、液體吸收法（Liquid Absorption）以及生物脫硫法（Bio-desulfurization）。In step (D), the above-mentioned biomass gas must be sent to the gas purification device 26 for purification treatment. Among them, the biomass gas purification method can be mainly divided into: dry oxidation method (Physical Absorption), liquid absorption method (Liquid Absorption) and Bio-desulfurization.

前述之乾式氧化法包含：固體吸收法，使用顆粒狀的氧化鐵、石灰以批次方式處理吸收硫化氫；以及導入空氣與氧氣至生質氣體中，使得生質氣體中的硫化氫與氧氣結合形成水以及固態硫，以除去氣體中的硫化氫。前述之液體吸收法包含：物理高壓吸收法，將生質氣體與水壓縮（60-70kg/cm 2），使得二氧化碳與硫化氫溶於水中；物理低壓吸收法，將生質氣體與鹼性溶液（如氫氧化鈉）結合，吸收二氧化碳與硫化氫；以及化學吸收法，將氯化鐵（FeCl 3）直接添加至生質氣體以吸收硫化氫。而前述之生物脫硫法則包含：生物洗滌槽（Bioscrubber）、生物濾床（Biofilter）以及生物滴濾塔（Biotrickling）。 The aforementioned dry oxidation method includes: solid absorption method, using granular iron oxide and lime to process and absorb hydrogen sulfide in batch mode; and introducing air and oxygen into the biomass gas, so that the hydrogen sulfide in the biomass gas is combined with oxygen Water and solid sulfur are formed to remove hydrogen sulfide from the gas. The aforementioned liquid absorption method includes: physical high-pressure absorption method, which compresses biomass gas and water (60-70kg/cm 2 ) to make carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide dissolve in water; physical low-pressure absorption method, which combines biomass gas and alkaline solution (Such as sodium hydroxide) combine to absorb carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide; and chemical absorption method, add ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) directly to the biomass gas to absorb hydrogen sulfide. The aforementioned biological desulfurization method includes: a biological scrubber (Bioscrubber), a biological filter bed (Biofilter) and a biological trickling filter tower (Biotrickling).

最後，在步驟（E）中，氣體發電裝置30透過該燃料氣體產生電力，並供給該電力至一負載系統60。其中，該氣體發電裝置30為燃料電池發電裝置；該負載系統60可以是外部負載，也可以是前述之廢料排放設備10，以達到綠化環境以及能源自主的目標。Finally, in step (E), the gas power generation device 30 generates electric power through the fuel gas and supplies the electric power to a load system 60. Wherein, the gas power generation device 30 is a fuel cell power generation device; the load system 60 can be an external load or the aforementioned waste discharge device 10 to achieve the goals of greening the environment and energy independence.

惟以上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，當不能以此限定本發明實施之範圍，即依本發明申請專利範圍及說明內容所作之簡單變化與修飾，皆仍屬本發明涵蓋之範圍內。However, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, that is, simple changes and modifications made according to the patent application scope and description of the present invention are still within the present invention. Covered.

1:生質能源發電系統1: Biomass power generation system

10:廢料排放設備10: Waste discharge equipment

20:燃料氣體生產系統20: Fuel gas production system

22:廢料分離裝置22: Waste separation device

222:固液分離器222: solid-liquid separator

223:濾沼槽223: Biogas tank

224:收集處理器224: Collect processor

24:厭氧醱酵裝置24: Anaerobic fermentation equipment

26:氣體淨化裝置26: Gas purification device

28:氣體儲存裝置28: Gas storage device

30:氣體發電裝置30: Gas power plant

40:電力儲存裝置40: Power storage device

50:電力控制裝置50: Power control device

60:負載系統60: load system

70:再生能源發電裝置70: Renewable energy power plant

80:熱能回收裝置80: thermal energy recovery device

90:市電系統90: Mains system

A-E:步驟A-E: Step

第一圖為本發明較佳實施例之生質能源發電系統示意圖。The first figure is a schematic diagram of a biomass energy power generation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

第二圖為本發明較佳實施例之燃料氣體產率曲線圖。The second graph is a fuel gas yield curve of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

第三圖為本發明較佳實施例之生質能源發電系統的運作方法流程圖。The third figure is a flowchart of the operation method of the biomass energy power generation system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1:生質能源發電系統 1: Biomass power generation system

10:廢料排放設備 10: Waste discharge equipment

20:燃料氣體生產系統 20: Fuel gas production system

22:廢料分離裝置 22: Waste separation device

222:固液分離器 222: solid-liquid separator

223:濾沼槽 223: Biogas tank

224:收集處理器 224: Collect processor

24:厭氧醱酵裝置 24: Anaerobic fermentation equipment

26:氣體淨化裝置 26: Gas purification device

28:氣體儲存裝置 28: Gas storage device

30:氣體發電裝置 30: Gas power plant

40:電力儲存裝置 40: Power storage device

50:電力控制裝置 50: Power control device

60:負載系統 60: load system

70:再生能源發電裝置 70: Renewable energy power plant

80:熱能回收裝置 80: thermal energy recovery device

90:市電系統 90: Mains system

Claims (10)

一種生質能源發電系統，包含：一廢料排放設備，用以排放一廢料，且該廢料的PH值介於6-8之間；一燃料氣體生產系統，與該廢料排放設備連接，該燃料氣體生產系統產生一燃料氣體，包含：一廢料分離裝置；一厭氧醱酵裝置，與該廢料分離裝置連接，其中該厭氧醱酵裝置的溫度為攝氏40-70度，濕度為75-90%，且發酵時間為20-40日；一氣體淨化裝置，與該厭氧醱酵裝置連接；以及一氣體儲存裝置，與該氣體淨化裝置連接；一氣體發電裝置，與該燃料氣體生產系統連接；一電力儲存裝置，與該氣體發電裝置連接；一電力控制裝置，與該電力儲存裝置和該氣體發電裝置連接；以及一負載系統，與該電力控制裝置連接。 A biomass energy power generation system includes: a waste discharge device for discharging a waste, and the PH value of the waste is between 6-8; a fuel gas production system connected to the waste discharge device, the fuel gas The production system generates a fuel gas, including: a waste separation device; an anaerobic fermentation device connected to the waste separation device, wherein the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation device is 40-70 degrees Celsius, and the humidity is 75-90% And the fermentation time is 20-40 days; a gas purification device connected to the anaerobic fermentation device; and a gas storage device connected to the gas purification device; a gas power generation device connected to the fuel gas production system; A power storage device is connected to the gas power generation device; a power control device is connected to the power storage device and the gas power generation device; and a load system is connected to the power control device. 如請求項1所述之生質能源發電系統，其中該電力儲存裝置還與至少一再生能源發電裝置連接。 The biomass energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the power storage device is further connected to at least one renewable energy power generation device. 如請求項2所述之生質能源發電系統，其中該至少一再生能源發電裝置包含風力發電裝置、水力發電裝置、太陽能發電裝置或其組合。 The biomass energy power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the at least one renewable energy power generation device includes a wind power generation device, a hydroelectric power generation device, a solar power generation device, or a combination thereof. 如請求項1所述之生質能源發電系統，其中該廢料分離裝置包含：一固液分離器，用以分離該廢料；以及 一收集處理器，與該固液分離器連接，該收集處理器收集該固液分離器分離後的固體。 The biomass energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the waste separation device includes: a solid-liquid separator for separating the waste; and A collection processor is connected to the solid-liquid separator, and the collection processor collects the solid separated by the solid-liquid separator. 如請求項4所述之生質能源發電系統，更包含一濾沼槽與該固液分離器連接，該濾沼槽收集該固液分離器分離後的液體。 The biomass energy power generation system according to claim 4, further comprising a biofilter tank connected to the solid-liquid separator, and the biofilter tank collects the liquid separated by the solid-liquid separator. 如請求項1所述之生質能源發電系統，其中該氣體發電裝置為燃料電池發電裝置。 The biomass energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the gas power generation device is a fuel cell power generation device. 如請求項6所述之生質能源發電系統，更包含一熱能回收裝置與該氣體發電裝置連接，該熱能回收裝置回收該氣體發電裝置燃燒發電所產生的熱能。 The biomass energy power generation system according to claim 6, further comprising a thermal energy recovery device connected to the gas power generation device, and the thermal energy recovery device recovers heat energy generated by combustion and power generation of the gas power generation device. 如請求項1所述之生質能源發電系統，其中該燃料氣體為甲烷(CH4)。 The biomass energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the fuel gas is methane (CH 4 ). 如請求項1所述之生質能源發電系統，其中該廢料為人工基質或生質物料。 The biomass energy power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the waste material is an artificial substrate or biomass material. 一種生質能源發電系統的運作方法，包含：(A)一廢料排放設備排放一廢料，且該廢料的PH值介於6-8之間；(B)一廢料分離裝置分離該廢料而形成一固體廢料和一液體廢料；(C)一厭氧醱酵裝置對該固體廢料進行厭氧醱酵反應以產生一生質氣體，其中該厭氧醱酵裝置的溫度為攝氏40-70度，濕度為75-90%，且發酵時間為20-40日； (D)一氣體淨化裝置對該厭氧醱酵反應所產生的該生質氣體進行分離及純化處理，以形成一燃料氣體；以及(E)一氣體發電裝置透過該燃料氣體產生電力，並供給該電力至一負載系統。 An operation method of a biomass energy power generation system includes: (A) a waste discharge device discharging a waste, and the PH value of the waste is between 6-8; (B) a waste separation device separates the waste to form a Solid waste and a liquid waste; (C) An anaerobic fermentation device performs an anaerobic fermentation reaction on the solid waste to produce a biomass gas. The temperature of the anaerobic fermentation device is 40-70 degrees Celsius and the humidity is 75-90%, and the fermentation time is 20-40 days; (D) a gas purification device separates and purifies the biomass gas generated by the anaerobic fermentation reaction to form a fuel gas; and (E) a gas power generation device generates electricity through the fuel gas and supplies The power goes to a load system.
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