CN216273829U - Urban sludge treatment fertilizer making system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation - Google Patents
Urban sludge treatment fertilizer making system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- CN216273829U CN216273829U CN202123122690.2U CN202123122690U CN216273829U CN 216273829 U CN216273829 U CN 216273829U CN 202123122690 U CN202123122690 U CN 202123122690U CN 216273829 U CN216273829 U CN 216273829U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the field of municipal sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a municipal sludge treatment fertilizer making system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation. This fertile system of municipal sludge treatment system is including connecting gradually: the device comprises a pre-dehydration unit, a thermal hydrolysis unit, a plate frame dehydration unit, an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit, a crushing unit, an extrusion granulation unit and a screening unit; the thermal hydrolysis unit is sequentially connected with the anaerobic digestion unit, the centrifugal dehydration unit, the filtrate treatment unit and the concentration unit; and the plate frame dehydration unit is connected with the anaerobic digestion unit. The byproducts (methane, plate-frame filtrate and the like) generated in the municipal sludge treatment process can be applied to each treatment unit, so that the energy consumption loss is reduced; the utility model provides a sludge treatment and disposal scheme, and provides technical support for later-stage sludge recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of municipal sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a municipal sludge treatment fertilizer making system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation.
Background
By 2019, the annual discharge amount of urban sewage in China is 554.65 million cubic meters, 2471 sewage treatment plants have daily treatment capacity of 1.79 million cubic meters, the annual treatment amount of sewage is 525.85 million cubic meters, and the sewage treatment rate is 96.81%. As a derivative of sewage, the annual output of sludge in China in 2019 exceeds 6000 million tons (by the water content of 80%), and the annual output of sludge in China in 2025 is expected to break through 9000 million tons. Therefore, a large amount of sludge generated in the sewage treatment process needs to be treated urgently.
The sludge contains a large amount of nutrient elements for promoting plant growth, wherein the content of organic matters can reach more than 40 percent, the total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can reach 7.31 percent, and the content of the nutrient elements is higher than that of common farmyard manure. Therefore, the problem of sludge treatment and disposal will become one of the major and difficult points of municipal solid waste treatment and disposal.
The sludge aerobic composting technology is one of the most common processes for sludge treatment and disposal. The technology can degrade the municipal sludge under the action of microorganisms, and can convert organic matters into stable humus. In this process, a certain proportion of materials (i.e. conditioner and bulking agent) needs to be added. The conditioner is mainly a compost product formed after rice hulls, straws and the like are thoroughly decomposed, so that the water content of the pile is effectively reduced, and the expanding agent is mainly added with substances such as corncobs, sawdust and the like, so that the porosity of the pile can be further increased, and the gas in the pile and the outside air are smoothly exchanged. The compost product contains nutrient substances which can improve the property of land and provide plant growth, such as humus, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, can be used as a soil conditioner and even an organic fertilizer, can effectively kill harmful bacteria in sludge at a medium-high temperature stage, and realizes harmlessness, stabilization, reduction and resource utilization of the sludge to a certain extent.
Although the sludge aerobic composting technology has certain advantages, the technology still has the defects of large occupied area, long treatment period, high sludge water content, high material adding ratio, emission of greenhouse gases and odor and the like which limit technical popularization.
Wherein moisture is the most important indicator for treating wet materials. The water content of the sludge is about 80 percent, the optimal water content of the compost material is 50 to 60 percent, a large amount of regulator is required to be added to regulate the water content, and the proportion of the cost of the regulator to the total cost of the compost is large. Meanwhile, the traditional sludge aerobic composting technology is easily influenced by the environmental temperature, the treatment period is about 30-60 days, the longest treatment period can reach 70 days in winter, and the sludge treatment efficiency is influenced. The problems of high material adding ratio and long process period in the sludge aerobic composting technology need to be solved.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The Thermal Hydrolysis (THP) process can dissolve organic matters in sludge by destroying the structure of cell walls and extracellular polymeric substances using high temperature and high pressure. THP destroys cell substances in the sludge, releases non-free water in cells to improve the dehydration performance of the sludge, can dissolve part of solid organic substances in the sludge, reduces the amount of dry sludge to a certain extent, kills harmful microorganisms such as germs in the sludge and the like in addition to the THP, and realizes the harmlessness of the sludge primarily.
The aerobic fermentation process is a process for promoting the conversion of organic matters to stable humus by decomposing and metabolizing the organic matters under the action of microorganisms to generate heat energy. The ultra-high temperature fermentation process is characterized in that an ultra-high temperature microbial inoculum is added on the traditional aerobic fermentation process, so that the fermentation temperature reaches 120 ℃, the decomposition of fermentation (compost) is accelerated, the process treatment period is shortened, the addition of materials (namely a conditioner and an expanding agent) is not needed, and the production and operation cost is reduced.
The utility model takes municipal sludge as a main raw material, and aims to provide a municipal sludge treatment fertilizer preparation system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation, so that the moisture content of the sludge is reduced, materials (namely a conditioner and an expanding agent) are not required to be added, a seasonal temperature limit barrier is broken, fermentation (compost) decomposition is accelerated, the process treatment period is shortened, the production and operation costs are reduced, and the final fermentation (compost) product is prepared into nutrient soil and liquid fertilizer with high economic value.
The utility model provides the following technical scheme:
in order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a municipal sludge treatment fertilizer making system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation, which comprises the following components in sequential connection:
the device comprises a pre-dehydration unit, a thermal hydrolysis unit, a plate frame dehydration unit, an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit, a crushing unit, an extrusion granulation unit and a screening unit;
the thermal hydrolysis unit is sequentially connected with the anaerobic digestion unit, the centrifugal dehydration unit, the filtrate treatment unit and the concentration unit;
the plate frame dehydration unit is connected with the anaerobic digestion unit;
the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit comprises a fermentation tank.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer preparation system further comprises a nutrient soil collection unit connected with the screening unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer production system further comprises a methane collection unit connected to the anaerobic digestion unit for collecting methane produced in the anaerobic digestion unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer production system further comprises a steam boiler unit connected with the methane collection unit, and the methane collection unit supplies power to the steam boiler unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment system for producing manure further comprises a steam boiler unit, the steam boiler unit is connected with the thermal hydrolysis unit, and the steam boiler unit provides steam for the thermal hydrolysis unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer production system further comprises a dehydration medicament unit for providing a dehydration medicament for the centrifugal dehydration unit.
Preferably, the fermenter comprises a humidity control device disposed inside the fermenter.
Preferably, the fermentation tank comprises a quantitative control spraying device arranged at the top of the fermentation tank.
Preferably, the screening unit is connected with the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment fertilizer production system further comprises a mud cake collecting unit for collecting mud cakes obtained by the centrifugal dewatering unit and then sending the mud cakes to the thermal hydrolysis unit.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1) the utility model is provided with a thermal hydrolysis unit, the Thermal Hydrolysis (THP) temperature can reach more than 175 ℃, and pathogenic bacteria, viruses and ova can be killed quickly; THP destroys cellular matter in the sludge, releases non-free water in cells and improves the dehydration performance of the sludge; THP can also dissolve a part of solid organic substances in the sludge, and reduce the amount of dry sludge to a certain extent;
2) the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit disclosed by the utility model has the advantages that the highest temperature exceeds 120 ℃ under the action of ultrahigh-temperature strains, the water is quickly evaporated, and the high temperature duration is long;
3) the fermentation period of the utility model is 7d-14d, which is reduced by 88.33% compared with the traditional aerobic fermentation technology; the fermentation product can be used as a back mixing material, the adding amount of the ultra-high temperature microbial inoculum is reduced, materials (namely a regulator and an expanding agent) do not need to be added, and the cost is reduced by 80% compared with the traditional aerobic fermentation;
4) byproducts (methane, plate-frame filtrate and the like) generated in the municipal sludge treatment process can be applied to each treatment unit, so that the energy consumption loss is reduced;
5) the utility model provides a sludge treatment and disposal scheme, and provides technical support for later-stage sludge recycling.
Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a municipal sludge treatment fertilizer production system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation according to one embodiment of the utility model.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a pre-dehydration unit, 2-a thermal hydrolysis unit, 3-a plate frame dehydration unit, 4-an ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation unit, 5-a crushing unit, 6-an extrusion granulation unit, 7-a screening unit, 8-an anaerobic digestion unit, 9-a centrifugal dehydration unit, 91-a filtrate treatment unit, 92-a concentration unit, 10-a nutrient soil collection unit, 11-a methane collection unit, 12-a steam boiler unit, 13-a dehydration medicament unit and 14-a mud cake collection unit.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the utility model to those skilled in the art.
The utility model provides a municipal sludge treatment fertilizer making system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation, which comprises the following components in sequential connection:
the device comprises a pre-dehydration unit, a thermal hydrolysis unit, a plate frame dehydration unit, an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit, a crushing unit, an extrusion granulation unit and a screening unit;
the thermal hydrolysis unit is sequentially connected with the anaerobic digestion unit, the centrifugal dehydration unit, the filtrate treatment unit and the concentration unit;
the plate frame dehydration unit is connected with the anaerobic digestion unit;
the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit comprises a fermentation tank.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer preparation system further comprises a nutrient soil collection unit connected with the screening unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer production system further comprises a methane collection unit connected with the anaerobic digestion unit and used for collecting methane generated in the anaerobic digestion unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer production system further comprises a steam boiler unit connected with the methane collection unit, and the methane collection unit supplies power to the steam boiler unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment fertilizer production system further comprises a steam boiler unit, the steam boiler unit is connected with the thermal hydrolysis unit, and the steam boiler unit provides steam for the thermal hydrolysis unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer production system further comprises a dehydration medicament unit for providing a dehydration medicament for the centrifugal dehydration unit.
Preferably, the fermentation tank comprises a humidity control device arranged inside the fermentation tank.
Preferably, the fermentation tank comprises a quantitative control spraying device arranged at the top of the fermentation tank.
Preferably, the screening unit is connected with the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit.
Preferably, the municipal sludge treatment fertilizer production system further comprises a mud cake collecting unit for collecting mud cakes obtained by the centrifugal dewatering unit and then sending the mud cakes to the thermal hydrolysis unit.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a system for preparing fertilizer by municipal sludge treatment based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation, and as shown in fig. 1, the system for preparing fertilizer by municipal sludge treatment comprises the following components connected in sequence:
the device comprises a pre-dehydration unit 1, a thermal hydrolysis unit 2, a plate frame dehydration unit 3, an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit 4, a crushing unit 5, an extrusion granulation unit 6 and a screening unit 7;
the thermal hydrolysis unit 2 is sequentially connected with the anaerobic digestion unit 8, the centrifugal dehydration unit 9, the filtrate processing unit 91 and the concentration unit 92;
the plate frame dehydration unit 3 is connected with the anaerobic digestion unit 8;
the ultra-high temperature aerobic fermentation unit 4 comprises a fermentation tank (not shown).
The device also comprises a nutrient soil collection unit 10 which is connected with the screening unit 7.
A methane collection unit 11 connected to the anaerobic digestion unit 8 for collecting methane produced in the anaerobic digestion unit 8; also included is a steam boiler unit 12 connected to the methane collection unit 11, the methane collection unit 11 powering the steam boiler unit 12.
And a steam boiler unit 12, wherein the steam boiler unit 12 is connected with the thermal hydrolysis unit 2, and the steam boiler unit 12 provides steam for the thermal hydrolysis unit 2.
And a dehydration medicament unit 13 for supplying dehydration medicament to the centrifugal dehydration unit 9.
The fermenter includes a humidity control device (not shown) disposed inside the fermenter, including a quantitatively controlled spray device (not shown) disposed at the top of the fermenter.
The screening unit 7 is connected with the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit 4.
The municipal sludge treatment fertilizer production system also comprises a mud cake collecting unit 14 for collecting mud cakes obtained by the centrifugal dewatering unit 9 and then sending the mud cakes to the thermal hydrolysis unit 2.
The sludge treatment fertilizer preparation method adopting the system comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-dehydrating certain municipal sludge in a pre-dehydration unit 1 to ensure that the sludge moisture content of the municipal sludge is 70-80 percent, entering a thermal hydrolysis unit 2, and carrying out thermal hydrolysis treatment for 20-60 min by using hot steam with the pressure of 5-8 bar and the temperature of 175-185 ℃;
(2) the temperature of the thermal hydrolysis sludge is reduced to 70-80 ℃, and 0-10% of thermal hydrolysis sludge enters an anaerobic digestion unit 8;
(3) the residual 90-100% of the hot hydrolysis sludge enters a plate frame dehydration unit 3, a dehydration medicament is not required to be added in the unit, the squeezing pressure is 18-22 bar, the squeezing time is 40-60 min, and a sludge cake with the water content of 65-75% is obtained;
(4) the plate-frame filtrate (containing a small amount of mud) obtained by the plate-frame dehydration unit 3 and 0-10% of hot hydrolysis mud enter an anaerobic digestion unit 8;
(5) the plate-frame mud cake obtained by the plate-frame dehydration unit 3 enters an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit 4, and an ultrahigh-temperature microbial inoculum obtained by screening, domesticating, culturing, enriching and the like is also required to be added in the unit; the screening of the ultra-high temperature microbial inoculum is a conventional method in the field;
(6) after the materials enter a fermentation tank of the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit 4, the sludge fermentation temperature is above 80 ℃ under the effects of ventilation, oxygenation, stirring and the like, the highest temperature can reach 120 ℃, the humidity can be controlled to be 60-75% due to the fact that the fermentation tank comprises a humidity control device and a quantitative spraying device, and a spraying system can solve the problem of humidity in the tank and can play a role in deodorization to a certain extent;
(7) completing a primary fermentation process, wherein the total fermentation period is 7d-14d, and the water content of the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation product is below 35%;
(8) the fermentation product enters a crushing unit 5, a proper amount of water and adhesive can be added in the process, and granules with the grain diameter of 3mm-5mm are produced by an extrusion granulator of an extrusion granulation unit 6;
(9) after the particles enter the screening unit 7, returning sludge with the particle size of less than 3mm enters the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit 4 for secondary fermentation, the addition of microbial inoculum can be reduced in the process, and the rest particles are high-added-value and high-nutrient soil;
(10) allowing the plate-frame filtrate (containing a small amount of sludge) and 0-10% of hot hydrolysis sludge obtained in the step (4) to enter an anaerobic digestion unit 8, wherein the anaerobic digestion temperature is 35-40 ℃, the hydraulic retention time is 15d-21d, and methane generated in the anaerobic digestion process is collected by a methane collection unit 11 and then applied to a steam boiler unit 12 to provide steam for the hot hydrolysis unit 2;
(11) anaerobic digestion sludge enters a centrifugal dehydration unit 9, the centrifugal rotation speed is 2000r/min-3000r/min, a proper amount of dehydration medicament can be added in the process, the water content of the sludge is 70% -80%, sludge cakes return to a thermal hydrolysis unit 2, filtrate generated by the centrifugal dehydration unit 9 is rich in substances promoting plant growth such as phytohormone, humic acid and the like, the primary liquid fertilizer is obtained by denitrification of the filtrate processing unit 91, and the high-quality concentrated liquid fertilizer is obtained by concentration of a concentration unit 92.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. Urban sludge treatment system fertile system of making based on pyrohydrolysis-super high temperature aerobic fermentation, its characterized in that, this urban sludge treatment system fertile system of making is including connecting gradually:
the device comprises a pre-dehydration unit (1), a thermal hydrolysis unit (2), a plate frame dehydration unit (3), an ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit (4), a crushing unit (5), an extrusion granulation unit (6) and a screening unit (7);
the thermal hydrolysis unit (2) is sequentially connected with the anaerobic digestion unit (8), the centrifugal dehydration unit (9), the filtrate treatment unit (91) and the concentration unit (92);
the plate frame dehydration unit (3) is connected with the anaerobic digestion unit (8);
the ultrahigh-temperature aerobic fermentation unit (4) comprises a fermentation tank.
2. The municipal sludge treatment fertilizer system according to claim 1, further comprising a nutrient soil collection unit (10) connected to the screening unit (7).
3. The municipal sludge treatment fertilizer system according to claim 1, further comprising a methane collection unit (11) connected to the anaerobic digestion unit (8) for collecting methane produced in the anaerobic digestion unit (8).
4. The municipal sludge treatment fertilizer system according to claim 3, further comprising a steam boiler unit (12) connected to the methane collection unit (11), the methane collection unit (11) powering the steam boiler unit (12).
5. The municipal sludge treatment fertilizer system according to claim 4, further comprising a steam boiler unit (12), wherein the steam boiler unit (12) is connected to the thermal hydrolysis unit (2), and wherein the steam boiler unit (12) provides steam to the thermal hydrolysis unit (2).
6. The municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer production system according to claim 1, further comprising a dewatering agent unit (13) for supplying a dewatering agent to the centrifugal dewatering unit (9).
7. The municipal sludge treatment fertilizer system according to claim 1, wherein said fermentor comprises a humidity control device disposed inside the fermentor.
8. The municipal sludge treatment fertilizer system according to claim 1, wherein said fermentor comprises a quantitatively controlled spray means disposed at the top of the fermentor.
9. The municipal sludge treatment and fertilizer production system according to claim 1, wherein the screening unit (7) is connected to the ultra-high temperature aerobic fermentation unit (4).
10. The municipal sludge treatment fertilizer system according to claim 1, further comprising a cake collecting unit (14) for collecting the cake obtained from the centrifugal dewatering unit (9) and then sending it to the thermal hydrolysis unit (2).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114014704A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-08 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Urban sludge treatment fertilizer making system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation |
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2021
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114014704A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-08 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Urban sludge treatment fertilizer making system based on pyrohydrolysis-ultrahigh temperature aerobic fermentation |
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