TWI680609B - Antenna structure - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna structure whose plane projection shape system includes a plurality of element patterns, and each element pattern system includes two basic patterns, wherein the two centroid connection lines of any three adjacent ones of the element patterns are not located on the same plane. On a straight path to form a non-linear antenna structure, the antenna structure of the present invention can not only reduce the antenna layout area by 75%, but also increase the antenna layout area by 75% compared with the shape of a straight antenna structure. Antenna efficiency is more than 50%.

Description

   Antenna structure   

The present invention relates to an antenna structure, and more particularly to an antenna structure for a package.

With the vigorous development of the electronics industry, electronic products are gradually moving towards the trend of multifunctional and high performance. At present, wireless communication technology has been widely used in a variety of consumer electronic products to facilitate receiving or sending various wireless signals. In order to meet the appearance design requirements of consumer electronics, the manufacturing and design of wireless communication modules are developed towards light, thin, short, and small requirements. Among them, patch antennas have small size, light weight, and manufacturing. Easy to use and widely used in wireless communication modules of electronic products such as cell phones.

1A to 1B are schematic plan views of various wireless communication modules 1 according to the prior art. As shown in FIGS. 1A to 1B, the wireless communication module 1 includes a substrate 10, an antenna structure 11 a and 11 b provided on the substrate 10, and at least one electronic component 12.

However, in the conventional wireless communication module 1, the antenna structures 11a and 11b are formed by a straight or regular single pattern, which makes it difficult for the antenna structures 11a and 11b to increase the antenna power due to their graphic limitations.

In addition, the material change of the antenna also has a significant impact on the power, but the systematic packaging of the aforementioned wireless communication module 1 usually uses PCB printing to form the antenna structures 11a, 11b, and the material changes of this printed antenna It is not large, which limits the efficiency of the current systematic package antenna.

Therefore, how to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned conventional technologies to gain antenna signals and improve antenna performance has become a topic that is currently desperate to be broken.

In view of the lack of the above-mentioned conventional technologies, the present invention discloses an antenna structure whose plane projection shape includes a plurality of element patterns, wherein each of the element patterns includes two basic patterns and any three phases of the element patterns Neighbors' two centroid lines are not on the same straight path.

The aforementioned antenna structure is a planar printed antenna that is a substrate.

The aforementioned antenna structure is a three-dimensional structure composed of a substrate circuit and a conductive blind hole.

The aforementioned antenna structure is a conductive three-dimensional structure. For example, the antenna structure is electroplated, electroless plated, or stamped copper.

The aforementioned antenna structure is provided on a space structure, and the space structure is defined by three-dimensional coordinates.

In the aforementioned antenna structure, the plane projection system defines a two-dimensional space coordinate.

In the aforementioned antenna structure, the two basic patterns are S-like and 2-like.

In the aforementioned antenna structure, the two basic patterns are a quasi-Zigzag shape and a zigzag-like shape.

In the aforementioned antenna structure, the two basic patterns are U-like and inverted U-like.

In the aforementioned antenna structure, the arrangement of the connection between the two centroids forms an included angle.

In the aforementioned antenna structure, at least two adjacent ones of the element patterns are in physical contact.

In the aforementioned antenna structure, at least two adjacent ones of the element patterns are not physically contacted.

As can be seen from the above, in the antenna structure of the present invention, an element pattern is constituted by two basic figures through the shape of its plane projection, and the two centroid lines of any three adjacent ones of the element patterns are not located at On the same straight path to form a non-linear antenna structure, compared with the conventional antenna structure made of straight lines, the antenna structure of the present invention can not only reduce the antenna layout area by 75% under the same antenna path. And improve antenna performance by more than 50%.

1‧‧‧Wireless communication module

10,40‧‧‧ substrate

11a, 11b, 2,2’‧‧‧‧antenna structure

12‧‧‧Electronic components

2a, 2b, 2c‧‧‧Element pattern

20,21‧‧‧Basic graphics

200‧‧‧Body

220‧‧‧Feedback

30‧‧‧ Dielectric

30a‧‧‧First dielectric layer

30b‧‧‧Second dielectric layer

31‧‧‧First circuit layer

31’‧‧‧first metal layer

31 ”, 33” ‧‧‧ conductive material

310,330‧‧‧Conductive blind hole

32‧‧‧Second circuit layer

33‧‧‧Third circuit layer

33’‧‧‧third metal layer

34‧‧‧Insulation protective layer

35‧‧‧Surface treatment layer

4‧‧‧electronic package

42‧‧‧Encapsulation

9‧‧‧ Carrier

a‧‧‧ angle

L1, L2 ‧‧‧ centroid connection

Figures 1A to 1B are schematic plan views of conventional wireless communication modules; Figure 2A is a schematic perspective view of the antenna structure of the present invention applied to electronic packages; Figure 2B is a partial enlargement of Figure 2A Plan 2C; Figure 2C is a partially enlarged plan schematic view of the antenna structure of Figure 2A; Figures 3A to 3D are schematic cross-sectional views of the manufacturing method of the antenna structure of the present invention; and

4A and 4B are three-dimensional schematic diagrams of other embodiments of the antenna structure of the present invention applied to an electronic package.

The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings in this specification are only used to match the content disclosed in the specification for the understanding and reading of those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. The limited conditions are not technically significant. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size shall still fall within the scope of this invention without affecting the effects and goals that the invention can produce. The technical content disclosed by the invention can be covered. At the same time, the terms such as “上” and “一” used in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Substantially changing the technical content should also be regarded as the scope in which the present invention can be implemented.

FIG. 2A is a schematic perspective view of the electronic package 4 with the antenna structure 2. As shown in FIG. 2A, the electronic package 4 includes a substrate 40 provided with an electronic component (not shown), an antenna structure 2 formed on the substrate 40, and a cover for the electronic component. The encapsulation layer 42 of the antenna structure 2 is exposed.

The substrate 40 includes a circuit structure, which has at least one dielectric layer and a circuit layer disposed on the dielectric layer, such as a fan out redistribution layer (RDL). Specifically, the material forming the dielectric layer is, for example, prepreg (PP), polyimide (PI), epoxy, or glass fiber, and forms the dielectric layer. The material of the circuit layer is metal, such as copper. It should be understood that the number of the dielectric layer and the circuit layer can be designed according to requirements.

The electronic component is electrically connected to the substrate 40, which may be an active component, a passive component, or a combination of both, and the active component is, for example, a semiconductor wafer, and the passive component is, for example, a resistor, a capacitor, and an inductor.

The encapsulation layer 42 is an insulating material, such as polyimide (PI), dry film, epoxy, or molding compound, which can be laminated. ) Or molding is formed on the substrate 40.

The antenna structure 2 is a planar printed antenna of the substrate 40, which has a main body portion 200 and a feedback portion 220 (as shown in FIG. 2B) which are separated from each other. The planar projection shape of the main body portion 200 (as shown in FIG. 2C) (Shown) includes: plural (three are shown in this embodiment) element patterns 2a, 2b, 2c, and each of the element patterns 2a, 2b, 2c includes two basic patterns 20, 21, among which, these element patterns 2a, 2b The two centroid lines L1, L2 of any three neighbors of, 2c are not located on the same straight path.

In this embodiment, the plane projection system defines a two-dimensional space coordinate, such as the XY axis shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C, and the two basic figures 20 and 21 are different. For example, the dotted line shown in FIG. 2C It is defined as a class 5 shape and a class Z shape. It should be understood that the position of the dotted line can be adjusted as required so that the two basic graphics 20, 21 present a S-like shape and a 2-like shape (as shown in FIG. 2B, the zigzag shape in FIG. 2C is curved at the corner) , Or present U-like and inverted U-like forms.

Furthermore, the arrangement of the two centroid connecting lines L1, L2 forms an included angle a, and at least two adjacent ones of the element patterns 2a, 2b, 2c are in physical contact, for example, connected. It should be understood that at least two neighbors of the element patterns are not in physical contact, such as being disconnected (refer to the manner of the separated main body part 200 and the feedback part 220).

In addition, the manufacturing method of the substrate 40 and the antenna structure 2 does not need to use a special process or equipment, and it only needs to be manufactured using a general organic substrate manufacturing method, and the antenna structure 2 may be manufactured in a separate layer in the substrate 40, It belongs to a part of the circuit layer or a part of the ground layer, so that the antenna structure 2 and the circuit structure of the substrate 40 can be made together, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3D, as described below.

As shown in FIG. 3A, a substrate (such as a copper foil substrate) is bonded to a carrier 9, and the substrate includes a first dielectric layer 30 a and first and second dielectric layers 30 a provided on the upper and lower sides of the first dielectric layer 30 a. A metal layer 31 ′ and a second metal layer, and the first metal layer 31 ′ is combined with the carrier 9, and the second metal layer is patterned to form a second circuit layer 32.

As shown in FIG. 3B, a second dielectric layer 30b having a third metal layer 33 'is laminated on the first dielectric layer 30a and the second circuit layer 32, so that the first dielectric layer 30a and the The second dielectric layer 30b is combined into a dielectric body 30. The carrier 9 is removed thereafter.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the first and third metal layers 31 ', 33' are patterned, and then a plurality of blind holes with exposed portions of the second circuit layer 32 are formed on the dielectric body 30 by laser. Thereafter, conductive materials 31 ", 33" are formed on the first and third metal layers 31 ', 33' by electroplating or deposition, so that the conductive material 31 "and the first metal layer 31 'are used as the first The circuit layer 31, and the conductive material 33 "and the third metal layer 33 'are used as the third circuit layer 33, and the conductive materials 31", 33 "are formed in the blind hole together to form conductive blind holes 310, 330, so that The first circuit layer 31 and the third circuit layer 33 are electrically connected to the second circuit layer 32 through the conductive blind holes 310 and 330.

As shown in FIG. 3D, an insulation protection layer 34 is formed on the dielectric body 30, the first circuit layer 31 and the third circuit layer 33, and the insulation protection layer 34 is formed with a plurality of exposed first and third layers. The openings of the circuit layers 31 and 33 are such that a surface treatment layer 35 (such as a nickel / gold material) is formed on the first and third circuit layers 31 and 33 in the openings.

In this embodiment, the antenna structure 2 may be a part of the first circuit layer 31 or the third circuit layer 33, but in other embodiments, the antenna structure 2 may also be a part of the second circuit layer 32. Part of it. In other words, when the first circuit layer 31, the second circuit layer 32, or the third circuit layer 33 is formed, the antenna circuit structure 2 can be formed at the same time.

It should be understood that the antenna structure 2 may be a three-dimensional structure composed of a substrate circuit (such as the first to third circuit layers 31, 32, 33) and conductive blind holes 310, 330, but the shape of the plane projection is still the same as that of 2A or The state shown in Figure 2C. Specifically, the antenna structure 2 is disposed on a space structure (such as the dielectric body 30), and the space structure is defined by a three-dimensional coordinate, such as the XYZ axis shown in FIG. 2A.

Therefore, according to the stereo antenna type, the antenna structure 2 can be extended on each surface of the substrate 40, or the antenna structure 2 'as shown in Figs. 4A and 4B is erected on the substrate 40, and the antenna structure 2, The 2 ′ plane projection may be a plane projection in one of the XY, YZ, or XZ axes. Specifically, as shown in Figs. 4A and 4B, the antenna structure 2 'is a conductive three-dimensional structure, and its structure is a stamped copper frame. The shape of the plane projection is still as shown in Figs. 2A and 2C. .

In summary, in the antenna structures 2, 2 'of the present invention, the antenna pattern is based on the antenna schematic pattern, and different modeling combinations are scattered, thereby using the more efficient basic pattern 20, 21 (such as 5 shape and Z shape) to form a single element pattern 2a, 2b, 2c, and then extend and combine this element pattern 2a, 2b, 2c to form a more efficient antenna structure 2, 2 '(that is, non-linear shape) ), Compared with the shape of the antenna structure formed by straight lines, under the same antenna path, the antenna structure 2, 2 'of the present invention can not only reduce the antenna layout area by 75%, but also improve the antenna efficiency by more than 50%.

The above embodiments are used to exemplify the principle of the present invention and its effects, but not to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can modify the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the rights of the present invention should be listed in the scope of patent application described later.

Claims (13)

An antenna structure whose plane projection shape includes a plurality of element patterns, wherein each element pattern includes two basic patterns, and the two centroid lines connecting any three adjacent element patterns are not on the same straight line On the path, the centroid connecting lines of the plurality of adjacent element patterns form an S-shaped curve, wherein there is a curvature reversal point on the curve to divide the curve into a plurality of bending segments, The bent section located on the relatively outer side surrounds the bent section located on the relatively inner layer. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the antenna structure is a planar printed antenna of a substrate. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the antenna structure is a three-dimensional structure composed of a substrate circuit and a conductive blind hole. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the antenna structure is a conductive three-dimensional structure. The antenna structure according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the material forming the antenna structure is copper. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the antenna structure is provided on a space structure, and the space structure is defined by a three-dimensional coordinate. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the plane projection system defines a two-dimensional space coordinate. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the two basic patterns are S-shaped and 2-shaped. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the two basic patterns are a quasi-Zigzag shape and a zigzag-like shape. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the two basic patterns are U-like and inverted U-like. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the two centroid connection lines form an included angle. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein at least two adjacent ones of the element patterns are in physical contact. The antenna structure according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein at least two adjacent ones of the element patterns are not in physical contact.