TWI674172B - Stereo abrasive tool and method of manufacturing same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a three-dimensional grinding tool and a manufacturing method thereof. The three-dimensional grinding tool includes a base and a three-dimensional grinding layer. The three-dimensional grinding layer includes a plurality of grinding units, and the grinding units are arranged in a single layer structure or stacked on each other. It is a multilayer structure. The grinding units are formed by additive manufacturing and have a thickness such that they have a polyhedral structure, a spherical structure, an aspherical structure, or a combination thereof. The three-dimensional grinding layer can provide uniform and complete structural strength in all directions, which can greatly improve the structural strength and service life of the three-dimensional grinding tool.

Description

Three-dimensional grinding tool and manufacturing method thereof

The invention relates to a grinding tool, in particular to a three-dimensional grinding tool having a three-dimensional grinding layer, which can be uniformly stressed at any angle, and a method for manufacturing the same.

Grinding tools are generally formed by combining coarse-grained abrasives with a base, and are widely used in the grinding, polishing, or cutting of workpieces. Depending on the appearance of the base, it can also be formed to have different cross-sectional appearances such as a wheel shape and a disc shape.

In recent years, due to the rise of 3D printing technology, complex structures can be obtained without the need to make molds. Not only is it accurate and the production speed is fast, some teams have begun to try to create ideal grinding tools through 3D printing technology. For example, Chinese Invention Application Publication No. CN105563352A discloses a metal-bonded spider web-shaped flat diamond grinding wheel and its 3D printing technology. A laser-sintered 3D printing technology is used to directly prepare a spider-web working layer on a transition layer. The spider web-like working layer includes solids and voids, which are distributed along the radial and circumferential directions on the working surface of the working layer to provide voids to achieve intermittent grinding, which can effectively improve heat dissipation problems and reduce grinding processing. Heat loss.

The Chinese patent application publication number CN105649538A of the same applicant also discloses a grid-like working layer diamond drill bit and its 3D printing technology. The grid-like working layer is composed of solid and void bodies distributed in the radial and circumferential directions, and the drill bit It consists of a grid-like working layer, a non-working layer, and a rigid body of the drill bit. The laser-sintered 3D printing technology is used to form a grid-like working layer on the non-working layer. The contact area of the working layer and the rock body is increased to reduce Weight-on-weight, increase the out of the abrasive particles and improve the grinding efficiency.

The applicant of the present invention teaches in a method for manufacturing an ultra-fine abrasive grain grinding wheel disclosed in the Republic of China Patent Publication No. I543848, that a bonding layer is formed on a substrate by a first forming process, and then a second forming process is used to pass An ultrafine abrasive particle layer is formed on the binder layer. It is mentioned in the description that the first forming process and the second forming process may be a 3D printing process, a screen printing process, a doctor blade coating process, or a spraying process.

However, in the process of use, the grinding tools including the previous case will gradually wear out and must be trimmed; in addition, the unevenness of the grinding tools will cause different degrees of wear of the grinding tools, resulting in poor grinding results. In view of this, it is necessary to develop a novel grinding tool, in addition to pursuing the performance of grinding or cutting, and further strengthening its structure to extend the service life of the grinding tool.

Since these prior art grinding tools do not have a three-dimensional multilayer structure, they also have the problem of insufficient strength of the grinding tools, just like other prior art grinding tools. The main purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the conventional grinding tools in terms of insufficient structural strength and service life.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a three-dimensional grinding tool, which can provide uniform and sufficient structural strength in all directions, thereby greatly improving the grinding efficiency and service life of the three-dimensional grinding tool, and can be applied to flat surfaces and Surface machining. The three-dimensional grinding tool includes: a base; and a three-dimensional grinding layer provided on one side of the base. The three-dimensional grinding layer includes a plurality of grinding units, and the grinding units are arranged in a single-layer structure or stacked on top of each other. Layer structure; wherein the grinding units are formed by an additive process and have a thickness, and the grinding units have a plurality of polyhedral structures, a plurality of spherical structures, a plurality of aspherical structures, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the additive manufacturing method is a 3D printing method.

In an embodiment of the present invention, one of the working surfaces of the three-dimensional grinding layer is a plane. At this time, the three-dimensional grinding layer is a structure of the grinding unit having a solid structure and a structure of the grinding unit having a hollow structure. Or a structure of the grinding unit having a solid structure and the grinding unit having a hollow structure.

In one embodiment of the present invention, one of the working surfaces of the three-dimensional grinding layer is a curved surface. At this time, the three-dimensional grinding layer is a structure in which the grinding unit with a solid structure and the grinding unit with a hollow structure are mixed.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the composition of the grinding units includes a bonding layer and a plurality of abrasive particles dispersed in the bonding layer.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the bonding layer is a metal material, a resin material, a ceramic material, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles are diamond, alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, cubic boron nitride, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyhedron structures are a polygonal pyramid.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyhedron structures are a polygonal prism.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the base is a disc, a wheel, or a arbor.

The invention further provides a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional grinding tool, comprising: providing a base; and manufacturing an additive method to form a three-dimensional grinding layer on one side of the base. The three-dimensional grinding layer includes a plurality of grinding units. The units are arranged in a single-layer structure or stacked on top of each other in a multi-layer structure. The grinding units are obtained by an additive manufacturing process and have a thickness. The grinding units have a plurality of polyhedral structures, a plurality of spherical structures, a plurality of Aspheric structure, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the additive manufacturing method is a 3D printing method.

In an embodiment of the present invention, one of the working surfaces of the three-dimensional grinding layer is a plane. At this time, the three-dimensional grinding layer is a structure of the grinding unit having a solid structure and a structure of the grinding unit having a hollow structure. Or a structure of the grinding unit having a solid structure and the grinding unit having a hollow structure.

In one embodiment of the present invention, one of the working surfaces of the three-dimensional grinding layer is a curved surface. At this time, the three-dimensional grinding layer is a structure in which the grinding unit with a solid structure and the grinding unit with a hollow structure are mixed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the grinding unit is obtained by mixing a plurality of grinding particles with a binding material.

In one embodiment of the present invention, a bonding material is first formed into a bonding layer, and then a plurality of abrasive particles are adhered to the bonding layer to obtain the polishing unit.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the bonding material is a metal material, a resin material, a ceramic material, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the abrasive particles are diamond, alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, cubic boron nitride, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyhedron structures are a polygonal pyramid.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the polyhedron structures are a polygonal prism.

In an embodiment of the invention, the base is a disc, a wheel, or a arbor.

Therefore, the effect that the present invention can achieve compared with the conventional technology lies in:

(1) Compared with abrasive tools that do not have a three-dimensional multilayer structure, including Chinese Invention Application Publication Nos. CN105563352A, CN105643598A, and Republic of China Patent Publication No. I543848, the three-dimensional abrasive layer of the present invention can provide uniformity and integrity in all directions. Structural strength, so the structural strength and service life of the three-dimensional grinding tool can be greatly improved.

(2) Grinding tools including Chinese Invention Application Publication Nos. CN105563352A, CN105649538A, and Republic of China Patent Publication No. I543848 are limited by their structure and cannot be applied to curved surfaces including spherical, aspherical, or free-form surfaces. By changing the structure or size of the three-dimensional grinding layer, the present invention can adjust the grinding performance of the three-dimensional grinding tool, so that the application of the three-dimensional grinding tool is not limited to plane processing, but also can be applied to curved surface processing to be more flexible.

1‧‧‧ handle

10‧‧‧ base

20‧‧‧Three-dimensional grinding layer

21‧‧‧grinding unit

22‧‧‧Combination layer

23‧‧‧ abrasive particles

24‧‧‧Working surface

D‧‧‧thickness

AA‧‧‧ Section

n‧‧‧layers

[Fig. 1] is a schematic diagram of a grinding disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 2A] is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional polishing layer with a flat working surface in [Figure 1].

"Figure 2B" is a schematic diagram of AA section in an embodiment of "Figure 2A".

"Figure 2C" is a schematic diagram of AA section in another embodiment of "Figure 2A".

[Figure 2D] is a schematic diagram of AA section in another embodiment of "Figure 2A".

[Figure 3] is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional polishing layer pattern in another embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 4] is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional polishing layer pattern in another embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 5] is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional polishing layer pattern in another embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 6] is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional polishing layer pattern in another embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 7] is a schematic sectional view of a grinding tool having a curved working surface in another embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 8] is a schematic sectional view of a grinding tool having a curved working surface in another embodiment of the present invention.

[Figure 9] A schematic cross-sectional view of a grinding tool having a curved working surface in another embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 10] is a schematic diagram of a grinding wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 11A] is a schematic view of a saw blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Fig. 11B] is a schematic view of a saw blade according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The detailed description and technical contents of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings: "Fig. 1" is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional grinding tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a grinding disc, which includes a disc-shaped base 10 and a The three-dimensional polishing layer 20 is disposed on one side of the base 10. The three-dimensional polishing layer 20 has a working surface 24.

In the three-dimensional grinding tool of the present invention, the working surface 24 may be a flat surface or a curved surface. Hereinafter, a grinding tool having a flat working surface 24 and a grinding tool having a curved working surface 24 will be described separately.

Regarding the grinding tool having a flat working surface 24, please refer to FIG. 2A continuously. The three-dimensional grinding layer 20 includes a plurality of grinding units 21. In this embodiment, the three-dimensional grinding layer 20 has n stacked layers, where n is a positive integer, and its value can be adjusted according to the actual grinding performance. For example, n can be 1. At this time, the grinding units 21 is arranged in a single-layer structure; n can also be 2 or more, such as between 2 and 20, or n can be greater than 20 in other embodiments. At this time, the grinding units 21 are stacked on each other into a multi-layer structure. The present invention is not limited to this.

The composition of the grinding units 21 includes a bonding layer 22 and a plurality of grinding particles 23 dispersed in the bonding layer 22. Each of the grinding units 21 has a thickness D independently. In other words, the thicknesses D of each of the grinding units 21 may be the same or different from each other.

In this embodiment, each of the grinding units 21 may have a regularly arranged polyhedral vertebral-shaped polyhedron structure, and can be seen along the AA section of FIG. 2A. Each of the grinding units 21 can be independently formed as required according to requirements. The solid structure of "Fig. 2B", the hollow structure like "Fig. 2C", or the structure of the solid structure and hollow structure like "Fig. 2D".

However, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned shapes. "Figure 3", "Figure 4", "Figure 5" and "Figure 6" are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional polishing layer 20 in other embodiments of the present invention, among which, "Figure 3" is Hexagonal honeycomb structure with multiple polyhedrons, or it can be called multiple polyhedral cylinders "Figure 4" is a plurality of spherical structures; "Figure 5" is a plurality of ellipsoidal aspheric structures; "Figure 6" is a plurality of cylindrical structures.

The grinding units 21 stacked to form the three-dimensional grinding layer 20 may have the same shape with each other. For example, the grinding units 21 may be formed by stacking a plurality of polyhedral structures that are also polygonal cones. Or, the grinding units 21 may be There may be different shapes between them, for example, including a single layer or a polyhedral structure and a cylindrical structure stacked on each other.

The working surface 24 of the aforementioned grinding tool is a flat surface, and its application range is mainly in plane processing, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the three-dimensional grinding tool can also be designed to have the curved working surface 24, which is used in curved surface processing.

Please continue to refer to "Figure 7", "Figure 8" and "Figure 9", which are schematic cross-sectional views of grinding tools with curved working surfaces in other embodiments of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the grinding units 21 of the grinding tools are preferably as shown in "Figure 8" and "Figure 9", a structure with a mixture of a solid structure and a hollow structure, which can not only provide a continuous grinding curved surface , Can also take into account the chip removal effect.

Except that the working surface 24 is a curved surface, other structural related features such as the pattern of the three-dimensional grinding layer 20 and the number of stacked layers are the same as the description of the embodiment of the three-dimensional grinding tool in which the working surface 24 is a flat surface. Additional details.

The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional grinding tool of this embodiment is to form a plurality of grinding units 21 by a 3D printing addition method, and then combine the three-dimensional grinding layer 20 composed of the grinding units 21 with an appropriate base 10 The three-dimensional grinding tool of the present invention is completed; or, an appropriate base 10 may be provided first, and then one side of the base 10 is manufactured by adding, for example, 3D printing, to form the three-dimensional grinding including a plurality of grinding units 21 Layer 20.

Regarding the method for manufacturing the grinding units 21 by 3D printing, in an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of grinding particles can be mixed with a bonding material and passed through the spray of a 3D printer. The abrasive unit is obtained by head spraying. In another embodiment of the present invention, a 3D printer may also be used to first form a bonding material into a bonding layer, and then pluralize the bonding material before the bonding material is cured into a bonding layer. A plurality of abrasive particles are adhered to the bonding layer to obtain the grinding unit. At this time, the abrasive particles may be selectively adhered to one or both sides of the bonding layer according to requirements. The above-mentioned bonding material may be a metal material, a resin material, a ceramic material, or any combination thereof, such as a combination of the metal material and the resin material; the abrasive particles may be diamond, alumina, aluminum nitride , Silicon carbide, cubic boron nitride, or any combination of the abrasive particles listed above.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional grinding tool of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned grinding discs. For example, when the base 10 is a round wheel, a plurality of grinding units 21 are formed by 3D printing, and the three-dimensional grinding layer segments are adhered to the grinding wheels. The base 10 obtains a grinding wheel, as shown in FIG. 10. In another embodiment, a arbor is used as the base 10, and an elongated three-dimensional grinding layer 20 is formed on one side of the base 10, which can be used as a file or a saw blade. The aspect including a handle 1 is included, however, it can also be formed without including the handle 1, such as "Fig. 11B".

It is added that in the grinding wheel of FIG. 10 and the saw blades of FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B, the working surface 24 of the three-dimensional grinding layer 20 can also be designed according to requirements, so that the three-dimensional grinding tools have A flat work surface or a curved work surface.

In summary, the present invention has the following characteristics:

(1) Compared with a grinding tool without a three-dimensional multilayer structure, the three-dimensional grinding layer of the present invention can provide uniform and complete structural strength in all directions, so the structural strength and service life of the three-dimensional grinding tool can be greatly improved.

(2) Grinding tools including Chinese Invention Application Publication Nos. CN105563352A, CN105649538A, and Republic of China Patent Publication No. I543848 are limited by their structure and cannot be applied to curved surfaces including spherical, aspherical, or free-form surfaces. By changing the legislation The structure or size of the body grinding layer can adjust the grinding performance of the three-dimensional grinding tool, so that the application of the three-dimensional grinding tool is not limited to plane processing but can also be applied to curved surface processing with more flexibility. The present invention has been described in detail above, but the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the application of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

Claims (13)

A three-dimensional grinding tool includes: a base; and a three-dimensional grinding layer provided on one side of the base. The three-dimensional grinding layer includes a plurality of grinding units, and the grinding units are arranged in a single-layer structure; The grinding unit is formed by an additive process and has a thickness. The grinding units have a plurality of polyhedral structures, a plurality of spherical structures, a plurality of aspheric structures, a plurality of cylindrical structures, or a combination thereof. A three-dimensional grinding tool includes: a base; and a three-dimensional grinding layer disposed on one side of the base. The three-dimensional grinding layer includes a plurality of grinding units, which are arranged and stacked on each other into a multilayer structure; The grinding units are formed by an additive process and have a thickness, and the grinding units have a plurality of polyhedron structures. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the additive manufacturing is a 3D printing method. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein one of the working surfaces of the three-dimensional grinding layer is a flat surface. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 4 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the three-dimensional grinding layer is a structure of the grinding units having a solid structure, a structure of the grinding units having a hollow structure, or a solid mixture The structure of the grinding units and the hollow structure of the grinding units. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein one of the working surfaces of the three-dimensional grinding layer is a curved surface. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the three-dimensional grinding layer is a structure in which the grinding units with a solid structure and the grinding units with a hollow structure are mixed. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the composition of the grinding units includes a bonding layer and a plurality of polishing particles dispersed in the bonding layer. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the material of the bonding layer is a metal material, a resin material, a ceramic material, or a combination thereof. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 8 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the grinding particles are diamond, alumina, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, cubic boron nitride, or a combination thereof. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the polyhedron structure is a polygonal pyramid. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the polyhedron structures are a polygonal prism. The three-dimensional grinding tool according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the base is a disc, a wheel, or a arbor.