TWI667827B - Vehicle battery temperature regulation methods and temperature regulation system - Google Patents
Vehicle battery temperature regulation methods and temperature regulation system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/633—Control systems characterised by algorithms, flow charts, software details or the like
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
本發明揭露了一種車載電池的溫度調節方法和溫度調節系統,其中,車載電池的溫度調節系統包括複數壓縮機及與複數壓縮機對應的複數電池冷卻迴路、複數電池和連接在複數電池和複數電池冷卻迴路之間的複數電池溫度調節模組,車載電池的溫度調節方法包括以下步驟:分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率;分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節實際功率;根據溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率對每個電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對電池的溫度進行調節。本發明可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,並且可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。The invention discloses a temperature regulation method and a temperature regulation system for a vehicle battery, wherein the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery comprises a plurality of compressors and a plurality of battery cooling circuits corresponding to the plurality of compressors, a plurality of batteries, and a plurality of batteries and a plurality of batteries connected The plurality of battery temperature adjustment modules between the cooling circuits, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery includes the following steps: separately obtaining the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries; separately obtaining the temperature adjustment actual power of the plurality of batteries; adjusting the required power and temperature according to the temperature adjustment The actual power controls the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery to adjust the temperature of the battery. The invention can precisely control the heating power and the cooling power of each battery according to the actual state of each battery, adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained within a preset range, and Ensure the temperature balance between the batteries.
Description
本發明涉及汽車技術領域,特別涉及一種車載電池的溫度調節方法和一種車載電池的溫度調節系統。The present invention relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular, to a temperature adjustment method for a vehicle battery and a temperature adjustment system for a vehicle battery.
目前,電動汽車的車載電池的性能受氣候環境影響較大,環境溫度過高或者過低都會影響車載電池的性能,因此需要對車載電池的溫度進行調節,以使其溫度維持在預設範圍內。At present, the performance of the vehicle battery of an electric vehicle is greatly affected by the climatic environment. If the ambient temperature is too high or too low, the performance of the vehicle battery will be affected. Therefore, the temperature of the vehicle battery needs to be adjusted to maintain the temperature within the preset range. .
相關技術中,對於氣候環境炎熱的地區,需要在電動汽車中增加電池冷卻系統,以在車載電池溫度過高時降低其溫度;對於氣候環境寒冷的地區,需要在電動汽車中增加電池加熱系統,以在車載電池溫度過低時升高其溫度。In the related art, in a hot climate region, it is necessary to add a battery cooling system to the electric vehicle to reduce the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high; for a cold climate region, it is necessary to add a battery heating system to the electric vehicle. To raise the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too low.
然而,對於夏天炎熱、冬天又寒冷的地區,上述方法無法兼顧解決車載電池溫度過高和溫度過低的問題,且對車載電池溫度的調節方法較為粗糙,無法根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率。However, for areas with hot summers and cold winters, the above methods cannot solve the problem of excessive temperature and low temperature of the vehicle battery, and the method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle battery is rough, and cannot be accurately controlled according to the actual state of each battery. The heating power and cooling power of each battery.
本發明旨在至少在一定程度上解決相關技術中的技術問題之一。The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
為此,本發明的一個目的在於提出一種車載電池的溫度調節方法,該方法可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,並且可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a temperature adjustment method for a vehicle battery, which can accurately control the heating power and cooling power of each battery according to the actual state of each battery, when the battery temperature is too high or too low. The temperature is adjusted to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature between the batteries can be balanced.
本發明的另一個目的在於提出一種車載電池的溫度調節系統; 為達到上述目的,本發明一方面實施例提出了一種車載電池的溫度調節方法,車載電池的溫度調節系統包括複數壓縮機及與該複數壓縮機對應的複數電池冷卻迴路、複數電池和連接在該複數電池和該複數電池冷卻迴路之間的複數電池溫度調節模組,該方法包括以下步驟:分別獲取該複數電池的溫度調節需求功率;分別獲取該複數電池的溫度調節實際功率;根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率對每個該電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對該電池的溫度進行調節,其中,該複數電池冷卻迴路之間相互連通,且根據該電池的溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率調節該複數壓縮機向該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路提供的製冷量開度。Another object of the present invention is to provide a temperature adjustment system for a vehicle battery. In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a temperature adjustment method for a vehicle battery, wherein the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle battery includes a plurality of compressors and a plurality of battery cooling circuits corresponding to the plurality of compressors, a plurality of batteries, and a plurality of battery temperature adjustment modules connected between the plurality of batteries and the plurality of battery cooling circuits, the method comprising the steps of: separately obtaining temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries Obtaining the actual temperature of the temperature of the plurality of batteries respectively; adjusting the required power according to the temperature and the actual power of the temperature to control the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery to adjust the temperature of the battery, wherein The plurality of battery cooling circuits communicate with each other, and adjust the required power according to the temperature of the battery and adjust the actual power to adjust the cooling capacity of the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法,首先,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率,然後,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節實際功率,最後,根據複數電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率對電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節。由此,該方法可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,並且可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。According to the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, firstly, the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries is separately obtained, and then the temperature adjustment actual power of the plurality of batteries is respectively obtained, and finally, the required power and temperature adjustment are adjusted according to the temperature of the plurality of batteries. The actual power controls the battery temperature adjustment module to adjust the temperature of the plurality of parallel batteries. Therefore, the method can accurately control the heating power and the cooling power of each battery according to the actual state of each battery, and adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained at a preset range. And can ensure the temperature balance between the individual batteries.
另外,根據本發明上述實施例提出的車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以具有如下附加技術特徵: 根據本發明的一個實施例,該根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率對每個該電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對該電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率在目標時間內對每個該電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對該電池的溫度進行調節,以達到目標溫度。In addition, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features: According to an embodiment of the present invention, the required power is adjusted according to the temperature and the actual power is adjusted for the battery. The corresponding battery temperature adjustment module controls to adjust the temperature of the battery, and specifically includes: adjusting the required power according to the temperature and adjusting the actual power to adjust the corresponding battery temperature adjustment mode of each battery in the target time. The group performs control to adjust the temperature of the battery to reach the target temperature.
根據本發明的一個實施例,上述的車載電池的溫度調節方法還包括:根據每個該電池的溫度調節需求功率產生總溫度調節需求功率;根據該複數壓縮機的額定製冷功率產生該複數壓縮機的總額定製冷功率;判斷該總溫度調節需求功率是否大於該複數壓縮機的總額定製冷功率;如果該總溫度調節需求功率大於該複數壓縮機的總額定製冷功率,則將該複數壓縮機向該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的製冷量開度調整至最大;如果該總溫度調節需求功率小於或等於該複數壓縮機的總額定製冷功率,則根據該總溫度調節需求功率與該總額定製冷功率之差對該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的製冷量開度進行調整。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for temperature regulation of the on-vehicle battery further includes: generating a total temperature adjustment required power according to a temperature adjustment demand power of each of the batteries; generating the plurality of compressors according to the rated cooling power of the plurality of compressors The total rated cooling power; determining whether the total temperature regulating required power is greater than the total rated cooling power of the plurality of compressors; if the total temperature regulating required power is greater than the total rated cooling power of the plurality of compressors, then the plurality of compressors are The cooling capacity of the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery is adjusted to a maximum; if the total temperature regulating required power is less than or equal to the total rated cooling power of the plurality of compressors, the required power and the total rated cooling power are adjusted according to the total temperature The difference is adjusted for the cooling capacity of the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該分別獲取該複數電池的溫度調節需求功率具體包括:分別獲取該每個電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據該第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率;分別獲取該每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據該第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率;根據該第一溫度調節需求功率和該第二溫度調節需求功率產生每個電池的該溫度調節需求功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the separately obtaining the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: acquiring the first parameter of each battery opening temperature adjustment separately, and generating the first of each battery according to the first parameter. Temperature regulation required power; separately obtaining a second parameter of each battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the second parameter; adjusting required power and the second according to the first temperature The temperature regulation required power produces this temperature regulated demand power for each battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該第一參數為該電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從該初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間,該根據該第一參數產生第一溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取該初始溫度和該目標溫度之間的第一溫度差;根據該第一溫度差和該目標時間產生第一溫度調節需求功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first temperature is generated according to the first parameter. The power specifically includes: acquiring a first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature; generating a first temperature adjustment required power according to the first temperature difference and the target time.
根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式產生該第一溫度調節需求功率:ΔT1 *C*M/t,其中,ΔT1 為該初始溫度和該目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為該目標時間,C為該電池的比熱容,M為該電池的品質。According to an embodiment of the invention, the first temperature regulation demand power is generated by the following formula: ΔT 1 *C*M/t, wherein ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t For this target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該第二參數為該電池在預設時間內的平均電流,通過以下公式產生該第二溫度條件需求功率:I2 *R,其中,I為該平均電流,R為該電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is an average current of the battery within a preset time, and the second temperature condition required power is generated by the following formula: I 2 *R, where I is the average current, R Is the internal resistance of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,上述的方法還包括:偵測該複數電池的溫度; 當該複數電池中任一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,進入冷卻模式;當該複數電池中任一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,進入加熱模式。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: detecting a temperature of the plurality of batteries; entering a cooling mode when a temperature of any one of the plurality of batteries is greater than a first temperature threshold; When the temperature of a battery is less than the second temperature threshold, the heating mode is entered.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,該根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率對每個該電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對該電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:判斷該每個電池的溫度調節需求功率是否大於該每個電池對應的溫度調節實際功率;如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率大於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率,則獲取該電池的該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率之間的功率差,並根據該功率差增加用於冷卻該電池的壓縮機的功率,或者調節增加該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率;如果該某個電池的溫度調節需求功率小於或等於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率,則減小該壓縮機的功率或保持該壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少該電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery is controlled to adjust the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power. Specifically, the method includes: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power of each battery is greater than a temperature adjustment actual power corresponding to each battery; if a battery temperature adjustment required power is greater than a temperature adjustment actual power of the battery, acquiring the battery The temperature adjusts the power difference between the required power and the actual power of the temperature adjustment, and increases the power of the compressor for cooling the battery according to the power difference, or adjusts the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery. To increase the cooling power of the battery; if the temperature adjustment required power of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature corresponding to the battery, the power of the compressor is reduced or the power of the compressor is kept constant, or adjusted Reducing the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery to reduce the Cooling power pool.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,該根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率對每個該電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對該電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:判斷該每個電池的溫度調節需求功率是否大於該每個電池對應的溫度調節實際功率;如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率大於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率,則獲取該電池的該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率之間的功率差,並根據該功率差增加用於冷卻該電池的加熱器的功率,或者調節增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的加熱功率;如果該某個電池的溫度調節需求功率小於或等於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率,則減小該加熱器的功率,或者調節減少該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少該電池的加熱功率,或保持該加熱器的功率不變。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery is controlled to adjust the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power. Specifically, the method includes: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power of each battery is greater than a temperature adjustment actual power corresponding to each battery; if a battery temperature adjustment required power is greater than a temperature adjustment actual power of the battery, acquiring the battery The temperature adjusts the power difference between the required power and the temperature to adjust the actual power, and increases the power of the heater for cooling the battery according to the power difference, or adjusts the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery. To increase the heating power of the battery; if the temperature adjustment required power of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature corresponding to the battery, the power of the heater is reduced, or the loop of the battery is reduced. Coolant flow to reduce the heating power of the battery, or to maintain the heater Rate unchanged.
根據本發明的一個實施例,上述的方法還包括:如果該某個電池的溫度調節需求功率小於對應的該溫度調節實際功率,則降低水幫浦的轉速;如果該某個電池的溫度調節需求功率大於對應的該溫度調節實際功率,則提高該水幫浦的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: if the temperature adjustment required power of the certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power, reducing the rotation speed of the water pump; if the temperature adjustment requirement of the certain battery If the power is greater than the corresponding temperature to adjust the actual power, the speed of the water pump is increased.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該分別獲取該複數電池的溫度調節實際功率具體包括:獲取用於調節該每個電池溫度的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取冷卻液流入該流路的流速;根據該每個電池的流路入口溫度和出口溫度產生每個電池的第二溫度差;根據該每個電池的第二溫度差和該流速產生該每個電池的溫度調節實際功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the separately obtaining the temperature-regulating actual power of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: obtaining an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting the temperature of each battery, and acquiring a coolant flowing into the flow path. a flow rate; generating a second temperature difference for each battery based on the flow path inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of each of the cells; generating a temperature-regulated actual power for each of the cells based on the second temperature difference of the each battery and the flow rate.
根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式產生該溫度調節實際功率: ΔT2 *c*m,其中,該ΔT2 為該第二溫度差,c為該電池冷卻迴路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過該流路的橫截面積的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為該冷卻液的流速,ρ為該冷卻液的密度,s為該流路的橫截面積。According to an embodiment of the invention, the temperature-regulated actual power is generated by the following formula: ΔT 2 *c*m, wherein ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference, c is the specific heat capacity of the coolant in the battery cooling circuit, m The mass of the coolant flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path per unit time, where m=v*ρ*s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow path Cross-sectional area.
根據本發明的一個實施例,用於為該電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機為複數個,該方法還包括:根據該溫度調節需求功率和每個壓縮機的額定製冷功率判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量;在為冷卻模式時,控制相應數量的壓縮機啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of compressors for supplying refrigerant to the battery, the method further comprising: determining the number of compressors to be started according to the temperature adjustment required power and the rated cooling power of each compressor ; in the cooling mode, control the corresponding number of compressors to start.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該根據該每個電池的溫度調節需求功率和每個壓縮機的額定製冷功率判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量具體包括:根據該每個電池的溫度調節需求功率產生總溫度調節需求功率;判斷該總溫度調節需求功率是否大於單個壓縮機的額定製冷功率;如果大於該單個壓縮機的額定製冷功率,則控制該複數壓縮機同時啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, determining the number of compressors to be started according to the temperature adjustment required power of each battery and the rated cooling power of each compressor specifically includes: adjusting the required power generation according to the temperature of each battery The temperature adjusts the required power; determines whether the total temperature adjustment required power is greater than the rated cooling power of the single compressor; if greater than the rated cooling power of the single compressor, controls the plurality of compressors to start simultaneously.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該根據該電池的溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率調節該複數壓縮機向該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路提供的製冷量開度,具體包括:判斷該每個電池的溫度調節需求功率是否大於該電池的溫度調節實際功率;如果該電池的溫度調節需求功率大於該電池的溫度調節實際功率,則提高該複數壓縮機或者單個壓縮機的製冷功率,或者增大向該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路提供的製冷量開度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting the power required by the temperature of the battery and the adjusting the actual power to adjust the cooling capacity of the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery, specifically: determining each of the Whether the temperature of the battery is required to be greater than the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power; if the temperature regulation demand power of the battery is greater than the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power, increase the cooling power of the plurality of compressors or a single compressor, or increase The degree of cooling provided to the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery.
為達到上述目的,本發明另一方面實施例提出了一種車載電池的溫度調節系統,包括:包括:複數壓縮機;與該複數壓縮機相連的複數冷凝器;連接在該複數壓縮機和該複數冷凝器之間的複數電池冷卻迴路,其中,該複數電池冷卻迴路之間相互連通;分別與複數電池和該複數電池冷卻迴路相連的複數電池溫度調節模組,用於分別獲取該複數電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,並根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率對該電池的溫度進行調節,以及根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率調節該複數壓縮機向該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路提供的製冷量開度。In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention provides a temperature regulation system for a vehicle battery, comprising: a plurality of compressors; a plurality of condensers connected to the plurality of compressors; and the plurality of compressors and the plurality a plurality of battery cooling circuits between the condensers, wherein the plurality of battery cooling circuits are connected to each other; and the plurality of battery temperature adjusting modules respectively connected to the plurality of batteries and the plurality of battery cooling circuits are respectively configured to obtain the temperature of the plurality of batteries Adjusting the required power and temperature to adjust the actual power, adjusting the required power according to the temperature and the actual power of the temperature to adjust the temperature of the battery, and adjusting the required power according to the temperature and adjusting the actual power according to the temperature to adjust the plurality of compressors to The degree of cooling provided by the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統,通過電池溫度調節模組獲獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,並分別根據複數電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節,以及根據溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率調節複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻迴路提供的製冷量開度。由此,該系統可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況,並且,由於複數電池冷卻迴路之間相互連通,電池溫度調節模組可以通過調節每個電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的製冷量開度,保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。According to the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the invention, the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries and the actual power of the temperature adjustment are obtained by the battery temperature adjustment module, and the actual power is adjusted according to the temperature of the plurality of batteries, respectively. The temperature of the plurality of parallel batteries is adjusted, and the actual power is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment demand power and temperature to adjust the degree of cooling provided by the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery. Therefore, the system can precisely control the heating power and cooling power of each battery according to the actual state of each battery, and adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained at a preset range. To avoid the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature, and because the plurality of battery cooling circuits are connected to each other, the battery temperature adjustment module can ensure the opening degree of each battery to adjust the cooling capacity of the battery cooling circuit corresponding to each battery. The temperature is balanced.
另外,根據本發明上述實施例提出的車載電池的溫度調節系統還可以具有如下附加技術特徵: 根據本發明的一個實施例,該根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率對該電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率在目標時間內對該電池的溫度進行調節,以達到目標溫度。In addition, the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle battery according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features: According to an embodiment of the present invention, the required power is adjusted according to the temperature and the actual power is adjusted to the temperature of the battery. The adjusting comprises: adjusting the required power according to the temperature and adjusting the actual power to adjust the temperature of the battery within the target time to reach the target temperature.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該電池冷卻迴路包括換熱器,該換熱器與該電池溫度調節模組相連。According to an embodiment of the invention, the battery cooling circuit includes a heat exchanger coupled to the battery temperature regulating module.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該電池溫度調節模組包括:調節該電池溫度的流路,該流路設置在該電池之中;連接在該流路和該換熱器之間的水幫浦、介質容器、加熱器,以及控制器,其中,該控制器獲取該複數電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,並根據該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率對該電池的溫度進行調節。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery temperature adjustment module includes: a flow path for adjusting a temperature of the battery, the flow path is disposed in the battery; and a water pump connected between the flow path and the heat exchanger a medium container, a heater, and a controller, wherein the controller obtains a temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries and a temperature adjustment actual power, and adjusts the required power according to the temperature and adjusts the actual power to the temperature of the battery. Adjustment.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該電池溫度調節模組還包括:分別設置在該流路的入口的第一溫度感測器,分別設置在該流路的出口的第二溫度感測器,以及流速感測器。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery temperature adjustment module further includes: a first temperature sensor respectively disposed at an inlet of the flow path, a second temperature sensor respectively disposed at an exit of the flow path, and Flow rate sensor.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該控制器還用於根據每個該電池的溫度調節需求功率產生總溫度調節需求功率,並根據該複數壓縮機的額定製冷功率產生該複數壓縮機的總額定製冷功率,以及判斷該總溫度調節需求功率是否大於該複數壓縮機的總額定製冷功率,其中,當該總溫度調節需求功率大於該複數壓縮機的總額定製冷功率時,該控制器將該複數壓縮機向該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的製冷量開度調整至最大;當該總溫度調節需求功率小於或等於該複數壓縮機的總額定製冷功率時,該控制器根據該總溫度調節需求功率與該總額定製冷功率之差對該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的製冷量開度進行調整。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to generate a total temperature adjustment required power according to a temperature adjustment required power of each of the batteries, and generate a total rated cooling of the plurality of compressors according to the rated cooling power of the plurality of compressors. Power, and determining whether the total temperature adjustment required power is greater than a total rated cooling power of the plurality of compressors, wherein the controller compresses the complex number when the total temperature regulation required power is greater than a total rated cooling power of the plurality of compressors The machine adjusts the cooling capacity of the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery to a maximum; when the total temperature regulating required power is less than or equal to the total rated cooling power of the plurality of compressors, the controller adjusts the required power according to the total temperature The difference between the total rated cooling powers adjusts the cooling capacity of the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該控制器用於分別獲取該每個電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據該第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率,以及分別獲取該每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據該第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率,並根據該第一溫度調節需求功率和該第二溫度調節需求功率產生每個電池的該溫度調節需求功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is configured to respectively acquire a first parameter when each battery is turned on, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the first parameter, and acquire each of the batteries separately a second parameter of the battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the second parameter, and generating each battery according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power This temperature regulates the required power.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該第一參數為該電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從該初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間,該控制器獲取該初始溫度和該目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,並根據該第一溫度差和該目標時間產生第一溫度調節需求功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the controller acquires the initial temperature and the target temperature. a first temperature difference between the first temperature difference and the target time to generate a first temperature adjustment required power.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該控制器通過以下公式產生該第一溫度調節需求功率:ΔT1 *C*M/t,其中,ΔT1 為該每個電池初始溫度和該目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為該目標時間,C為該電池的比熱容,M為該電池的品質。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller generates the first temperature regulation demand power by: ΔT 1 *C*M/t, wherein ΔT 1 is between the initial temperature of each battery and the target temperature The first temperature difference, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該第二參數為該每個電池在預設時間內的平均電流,該控制器通過以下公式產生該每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率:I2 *R,其中,I為該平均電流,R為該電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second parameter is an average current of each battery in a preset time, and the controller generates a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery by using the following formula: I 2 *R, Where I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該控制器還用於,還用於偵測該複數電池的溫度,並在該複數電池中任一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,控制該溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以及在該複數電池中任一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,控制該溫度調節系統進入加熱模式。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to: detect a temperature of the plurality of batteries, and control the temperature adjustment system when a temperature of any one of the plurality of batteries is greater than a first temperature threshold The cooling mode is entered, and the temperature adjustment system is controlled to enter the heating mode when the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries is less than the second temperature threshold.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,該控制器在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率大於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率時,獲取該電池的該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率之間的功率差,並根據該功率差增加用於冷卻該電池的壓縮機的功率,或者調節增加該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,以及在該某個電池的溫度調節需求功率小於或等於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率時,減小該壓縮機的功率或保持該壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少該電池對應的電池冷卻迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少該電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in a cooling mode, the controller acquires the temperature regulation required power of the battery and the temperature adjustment when a temperature adjustment required power of a battery is greater than a temperature adjustment actual power of the battery. The power difference between the actual powers, and according to the power difference, increases the power of the compressor for cooling the battery, or adjusts the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery, and When the temperature adjustment required power of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature-adjusted actual power of the battery, the power of the compressor is reduced or the power of the compressor is kept constant, or the battery cooling circuit corresponding to the battery is adjusted to be reduced. Coolant flow to reduce the cooling power of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,該控制器在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率大於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率時,獲取該電池的該溫度調節需求功率和該溫度調節實際功率之間的功率差,並根據該功率差增加用於冷卻該電池的加熱器的功率或者調節增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的加熱功率,以及在該某個電池的溫度調節需求功率小於或等於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率時,減小該加熱器的功率或者調節減少該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少該電池的加熱功率,或保持該加熱器的功率不變。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in a heating mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the temperature adjustment when a temperature adjustment required power of a battery is greater than a temperature adjustment actual power of the battery. a power difference between actual powers, and according to the power difference, increasing the power of the heater for cooling the battery or adjusting the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to increase the heating power of the battery, and When the temperature adjustment demand power of a battery is less than or equal to the temperature corresponding to the actual power of the battery, reduce the power of the heater or adjust the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to reduce the heating power of the battery. , or keep the power of the heater unchanged.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該控制器,還用於在該某個電池的該溫度調節需求功率小於對應的該溫度調節實際功率時,降低水幫浦的轉速,並在該某個電池的溫度調節需求功率大於對應的該溫度調節實際功率時,提高該水幫浦的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to: when the temperature adjustment required power of the certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power, reduce the rotation speed of the water pump, and in the battery When the temperature adjustment demand power is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power, the rotation speed of the water pump is increased.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該控制器分別根據該第一溫度感測器偵測的入口溫度和第二溫度感測器偵測的出口溫度產生每個電池的第二溫度差,並根據該每個電池的第二溫度差和該流速感測器偵測的流速產生該每個電池的溫度調節實際功率。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller generates a second temperature difference of each battery according to an inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor and an outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor, respectively, according to the The second temperature difference of each battery and the flow rate detected by the flow rate sensor produce a temperature-regulated actual power for each of the batteries.
根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式產生該溫度調節實際功率:ΔT2 *c*m,其中,該ΔT2 為該第二溫度差,c為該電池冷卻迴路中的冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過該流路的橫截面積的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為該冷卻液的流速,ρ為該冷卻液的密度,s為該流路的橫截面積。According to an embodiment of the invention, the temperature-regulated actual power is generated by the following formula: ΔT 2 *c*m, wherein ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference, c is the specific heat capacity of the coolant in the battery cooling circuit, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow path The cross-sectional area.
根據本發明的一個實施例,用於為該電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機為複數個,該控制器還用於:根據該溫度調節需求功率和每個壓縮機的額定製冷功率判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量,並在該溫度調節系統為冷卻模式時,控制相應數量的壓縮機啟動。According to an embodiment of the invention, there are a plurality of compressors for supplying refrigerant to the battery, and the controller is further configured to: determine the started compressor according to the temperature adjustment required power and the rated cooling power of each compressor The number, and when the temperature regulation system is in the cooling mode, controls the corresponding number of compressors to start.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該控制器根據該每個電池的該溫度調節需求功率產生總溫度調節需求功率,並在判斷該總溫度調節需求功率大於單個壓縮機的額定製冷功率時,控制該複數壓縮機同時啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller generates a total temperature adjustment required power according to the temperature adjustment required power of each battery, and controls the total temperature adjustment required power when the total temperature adjustment demand power is greater than the rated cooling power of the single compressor. The multiple compressors are started at the same time.
根據本發明的一個實施例,該控制器還用於,在為冷卻模式時,當該電池之間的溫度差超過設定值時,增大溫度較高電池的冷卻功率;在為加熱模式時,當該電池之間的溫度差超過設定值時,增大溫度較低的電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to increase a cooling power of the battery with a higher temperature when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds a set value when in the cooling mode; when in the heating mode, When the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds a set value, the heating power of the battery having a lower temperature is increased.
下面詳細描述本發明的實施例,該實施例的示例在附圖中示出,其中自始至終相同或類似的標號表示相同或類似的元件或具有相同或類似功能的元件。下面通過參考附圖描述的實施例是示例性的,旨在用於解釋本發明,而不能理解為對本發明的限制。The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and the examples of the embodiments are illustrated in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting.
當車輛的電池的數量為1個時,如第1A圖和第1B圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節系統包括:壓縮機1、冷凝器2、電池冷卻支路4和電池溫度調節模組5。When the number of batteries of the vehicle is one, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery includes: a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a battery cooling branch 4, and a battery temperature adjustment module 5. .
其中,冷凝器2與壓縮機1相連,電池冷卻支路4連接在壓縮機1和冷凝器2之間。電池溫度調節模組5與電池冷卻支路4相連,用於獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池6的溫度進行調節。壓縮機1和冷凝器2構成製冷支路。Among them, the condenser 2 is connected to the compressor 1, and the battery cooling branch 4 is connected between the compressor 1 and the condenser 2. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 is connected to the battery cooling branch 4 for obtaining the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery 6 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and adjusting the required power P1 according to the temperature and the actual power P2 of the temperature adjustment to the battery 6 The temperature is adjusted. The compressor 1 and the condenser 2 constitute a cooling branch.
具體地,溫度調節需求功率P1即將電池的溫度調節至目標溫度時,電池需要的溫度調節功率。電池溫度調節實際功率P2即當前對電池進行溫度調節時,電池實際獲取的溫度調節功率。目標溫度為設定值,可以根據車載電池的實際情況進行預設,例如,當為冬季時,室外環境溫度很低,需對電池進行加熱,目標溫度可以設置在10℃左右,當為夏季時,需對電池進行冷卻,目標溫度可以設置在35℃左右。電池溫度調節模組5獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池6的溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2調節壓縮機1和加熱器的功率以對電池6的溫度進行調節。如第1A圖所示,當空調的冷卻液不接入到電池溫度調節模組5時,電池冷卻支路4中具有兩個管道,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置,以使得媒體(冷媒、水、油、空氣等流動媒體或相變材料等媒體或其他化學製品)相互獨立。在電池6的溫度過高時,車載空調製冷功能開啟,電池冷卻功能啟動,第一管道與第二管道中冷卻液(如冷媒)的流動方向分別為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—電池冷卻支路4—壓縮機1;電池冷卻支路4—電池溫度調節模組5—電池6—電池溫度調節模組5—電池冷卻支路4。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is to adjust the temperature of the battery to the target temperature, the temperature required by the battery adjusts the power. The battery temperature adjustment actual power P2 is the temperature adjustment power actually obtained by the battery when the battery is currently temperature-adjusted. The target temperature is the set value, which can be preset according to the actual condition of the vehicle battery. For example, when it is winter, the outdoor environment temperature is very low, and the battery needs to be heated. The target temperature can be set at about 10 ° C. When it is summer, The battery needs to be cooled and the target temperature can be set at around 35 °C. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 6, and adjusts the power of the compressor 1 and the heater according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 to the battery The temperature of 6 is adjusted. As shown in FIG. 1A, when the coolant of the air conditioner is not connected to the battery temperature adjustment module 5, the battery cooling branch 4 has two pipes, the first pipe is connected to the compressor 1, and the second pipe is connected to the battery. The temperature adjustment module 5 is in communication, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are disposed adjacent to each other independently, so that the media (media such as refrigerant, water, oil, air, or phase change material or other chemicals) are independent of each other. . When the temperature of the battery 6 is too high, the vehicle air conditioning refrigeration function is turned on, the battery cooling function is activated, and the flow directions of the coolant (such as the refrigerant) in the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - battery cooling Branch 4 - Compressor 1; Battery Cooling Branch 4 - Battery Temperature Regulation Module 5 - Battery 6 - Battery Temperature Regulation Module 5 - Battery Cooling Branch 4.
如第1B圖所示,當空調的冷卻液接入到電池溫度調節模組5時,則冷卻液的流動方向為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—電池冷卻支路4—電池溫度調節模組5—電池6—電池溫度調節模組5—壓縮機1。As shown in FIG. 1B, when the coolant of the air conditioner is connected to the battery temperature adjustment module 5, the flow direction of the coolant is: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - battery cooling branch 4 - battery temperature adjustment module 5—Battery 6—Battery temperature adjustment module 5—Compressor 1.
在上述兩個實施例中,車載空調僅用於對電池6進行冷卻及加熱,溫度調節系統也可以通過車載空調對車廂和電池6均進行冷卻。當該系統通過車載空調對車廂和電池6均進行冷卻時,如第2圖所示,溫度調節系統還可以包括車內冷卻支路3,車內冷卻支路3連接在壓縮機1和冷凝器2之間。In the above two embodiments, the vehicle air conditioner is only used to cool and heat the battery 6, and the temperature adjustment system can also cool both the cabin and the battery 6 by the vehicle air conditioner. When the system cools both the compartment and the battery 6 by the vehicle air conditioner, as shown in Fig. 2, the temperature adjustment system may further include an in-vehicle cooling branch 3, and the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 is connected to the compressor 1 and the condenser. Between 2.
當車內溫度過高時,車內冷卻功能啟動,冷卻液的流動方向為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—車內冷卻支路3—壓縮機1。當電池6的溫度過高時,電池冷卻功能啟動,第一管道和第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—電池冷卻支路4—壓縮機1;電池冷卻支路4—電池溫度調節模組5—電池6—電池溫度調節模組5—電池冷卻支路4。由此,可以根據電池的實際狀態精確控制車載電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,從而在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況,並且,還可以在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。When the temperature inside the vehicle is too high, the cooling function in the vehicle is started, and the flow direction of the coolant is: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - interior cooling branch 3 - compressor 1. When the temperature of the battery 6 is too high, the battery cooling function is started, and the flow direction of the coolant in the first pipe and the second pipe is: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - battery cooling branch 4 - compressor 1; battery cooling branch Road 4 - battery temperature adjustment module 5 - battery 6 - battery temperature adjustment module 5 - battery cooling branch 4. Thereby, the heating power and the cooling power of the vehicle battery can be accurately controlled according to the actual state of the battery, thereby adjusting the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained within a preset range to avoid occurrence. Since the temperature affects the performance of the vehicle battery, and the temperature of the battery satisfies the requirements, the temperature inside the vehicle can be satisfied.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,如第3圖所示,電池冷卻支路4可以包括換熱器41,換熱器41包括第一管道和第二管道,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。在本發明的實施例中,換熱器41物理位置可以位元於車載空調壓縮機1所在的迴路,便於車載空調出廠調試,並且使車載空調可以單獨供貨和組裝,同時,車載空調在安裝程序中只需要加注一次媒體。換熱器41的物理位置也可以位元於電池6所在的迴路,換熱器41的物理位置也可以獨立於車載空調壓縮機1所在的迴路和電池6所在的迴路設置。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the battery cooling branch 4 may include a heat exchanger 41 including a first pipe and a second pipe, and a second pipe and battery temperature adjustment The modules 5 are connected, and the first pipe is in communication with the compressor 1, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are disposed adjacent to each other independently. In the embodiment of the present invention, the physical position of the heat exchanger 41 can be located in the circuit where the vehicle air conditioner compressor 1 is located, which facilitates the factory debugging of the vehicle air conditioner, and enables the vehicle air conditioner to be separately supplied and assembled, and at the same time, the vehicle air conditioner is installed. Only the media needs to be added once in the program. The physical position of the heat exchanger 41 can also be located in the circuit where the battery 6 is located. The physical position of the heat exchanger 41 can also be set independently of the circuit in which the vehicle air conditioner compressor 1 is located and the circuit in which the battery 6 is located.
如第3圖所示,電池溫度調節模組5可以包括:調節電池溫度的流路(圖中未具體示出),流路設置在電池6之中。連接在流路和換熱器41之間的幫浦51、介質容器52、加熱器53,以及控制器(圖中未具體示出)。其中,控制器獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池6的溫度進行調節。車內冷卻支路3可以包括:蒸發器31、第一膨脹閥32和第一電子閥33。電池冷卻支路4還可以包括第二膨脹閥42和第二電子閥43。As shown in FIG. 3, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 may include a flow path (not specifically shown) for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and the flow path is disposed in the battery 6. A pump 51, a medium container 52, a heater 53, and a controller (not specifically shown) are connected between the flow path and the heat exchanger 41. The controller acquires the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery 6 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and adjusts the temperature of the battery 6 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The in-vehicle cooling branch 3 may include an evaporator 31, a first expansion valve 32, and a first electronic valve 33. The battery cooling branch 4 may also include a second expansion valve 42 and a second electronic valve 43.
可以理解的是,電池冷卻支路4也可以不設置換熱器41,當沒有換熱器41時,電池冷卻支路4內流的就是冷媒。如果設置換熱器41,那麼電池冷卻支路4的第一管道中流的是冷媒,第二管道中流的是冷卻液,車內冷卻支路3中流的是冷媒。It can be understood that the battery cooling branch 4 may not be provided with the heat exchanger 41. When there is no heat exchanger 41, the refrigerant flowing in the battery cooling branch 4 is the refrigerant. If the heat exchanger 41 is provided, the refrigerant flows in the first pipe of the battery cooling branch 4, the coolant flows in the second pipe, and the refrigerant flows in the cooling pipe 3 in the vehicle.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第3圖所示,電池溫度調節模組5還包括設置在流路的入口的第一溫度感測器55,設置在流路的出口的第二溫度感測器56,以及流速感測器57。可以理解,流路的入口和出口位置不是絕對的,而是根據幫浦51的轉向確定的。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 further includes a first temperature sensor 55 disposed at an inlet of the flow path, and a second temperature sensing disposed at an outlet of the flow path. The device 56, as well as the flow rate sensor 57. It will be appreciated that the inlet and outlet locations of the flow path are not absolute, but are determined based on the steering of the pump 51.
具體地,如第3A圖所示,控制器可以包括電池管理控制器、電池熱管理控制器、車載空調控制器。其中,電池熱管理控制器可以與第一溫度感測器51、第二溫度感測器52和流速感測器57電連接,與幫浦51和加熱器53進行CAN通訊,並根據媒體的比熱容、媒體的密度、流路的橫截面積,獲取溫度調節實際功率P2、並控制幫浦51的轉速和控制加熱器53的功率。電池管理控制器採集流經電池的電流、電池本身的溫度,並根據電池的目標溫度、目標時間t以及電池的比熱容C、電池的品質M、電池的內阻R,獲取溫度調節需求功率P1,以及控制車載空調控制器啟動或停止工作。車載空調控制器與膨脹閥及電子閥電連接,且車載空調控制器可以與電池管理控制器和電池熱管理控制器和壓縮機1進行CAN通訊,以根據電池管理控制器獲取的溫度調節需求功率P1以及電池熱管理控制器獲取的溫度調節實際功率P2控制壓縮機的功率P、膨脹閥及電子閥的開合,達到控制換熱量的目的。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3A, the controller may include a battery management controller, a battery thermal management controller, and a vehicle air conditioner controller. The battery thermal management controller may be electrically connected to the first temperature sensor 51, the second temperature sensor 52, and the flow rate sensor 57, and perform CAN communication with the pump 51 and the heater 53, and according to the specific heat capacity of the medium. The density of the medium, the cross-sectional area of the flow path, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the control of the rotational speed of the pump 51, and the control of the power of the heater 53 are obtained. The battery management controller collects the current flowing through the battery, the temperature of the battery itself, and obtains the temperature adjustment demand power P1 according to the target temperature of the battery, the target time t, the specific heat capacity C of the battery, the quality M of the battery, and the internal resistance R of the battery. And control the vehicle air conditioner controller to start or stop working. The vehicle air conditioner controller is electrically connected with the expansion valve and the electronic valve, and the vehicle air conditioner controller can perform CAN communication with the battery management controller and the battery thermal management controller and the compressor 1 to adjust the required power according to the temperature acquired by the battery management controller. P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 obtained by the battery thermal management controller control the power P of the compressor, the opening and closing of the expansion valve and the electronic valve, and achieve the purpose of controlling the heat exchange amount.
換熱器41可以為板式換熱器,板式換熱器可以安裝在車載空調內部,使得整個製冷劑迴路均在車載空調內部,便於車載空調出廠調試,並且使車載空調可以單獨供貨和組裝,同時,車載空調在安裝程序中只需要加注一次製冷劑。The heat exchanger 41 can be a plate heat exchanger, and the plate heat exchanger can be installed inside the vehicle air conditioner, so that the entire refrigerant circuit is inside the vehicle air conditioner, which facilitates the factory debugging of the vehicle air conditioner, and enables the vehicle air conditioner to be separately supplied and assembled. At the same time, the vehicle air conditioner only needs to be refilled once in the installation procedure.
冷卻液從流路的入口流入電池6的內部,從流路的出口流出,從而實現電池6與冷卻液之間的熱交換。The coolant flows into the inside of the battery 6 from the inlet of the flow path, and flows out from the outlet of the flow path, thereby achieving heat exchange between the battery 6 and the cooling liquid.
幫浦51主要用於提供動力,介質容器52主要用於儲存冷卻液和接受向溫度調節系統添加的冷卻液,當溫度調節系統中的冷卻液減少時,介質容器52中的冷卻液可自動補充。加熱器53可以為PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient,正的溫度係數,泛指正溫度係數很大的半導體材料或元器件)加熱器,可以與控制器進行CAN(Controller Area Network,控制器區域網路)通訊,為車載電池的溫度調節系統提供加熱功率,受控制器控制,加熱器53可以設置在介質容器52與第一溫度感測器55之間任意位置。即加熱器53不直接與電池6接觸,具有較高的安全性、可靠性和實用性。The pump 51 is mainly used to provide power. The medium container 52 is mainly used for storing the coolant and receiving the coolant added to the temperature regulation system. When the coolant in the temperature regulation system is reduced, the coolant in the medium container 52 can be automatically replenished. . The heater 53 can be a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient, a semiconductor material or component having a large positive temperature coefficient), and can perform CAN (Controller Area Network) communication with the controller. The heating power is provided for the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery, and is controlled by the controller, and the heater 53 can be disposed at any position between the medium container 52 and the first temperature sensor 55. That is, the heater 53 is not directly in contact with the battery 6, and has high safety, reliability, and practicability.
第一溫度感測器55用以偵測流路入口冷卻液的溫度,第二溫度感測器56用以偵測流路出口冷卻液的溫度。流速感測器57用以偵測溫度調節系統中管道內冷卻液的流速資訊。第一電子閥33用以控制車內冷卻支路3的開通和關閉,第一膨脹閥32可用以控制車內冷卻支路3中的冷卻液流量。第二電子閥43用以控制電池冷卻支路4的開通和關閉,第二膨脹閥42可用於控制電池冷卻支路4中的冷卻液流量。The first temperature sensor 55 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path inlet, and the second temperature sensor 56 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path outlet. The flow rate sensor 57 is used to detect the flow rate information of the coolant in the pipe in the temperature regulation system. The first electronic valve 33 is used to control the opening and closing of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3, and the first expansion valve 32 can be used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the in-vehicle cooling branch 3. The second electronic valve 43 is used to control the opening and closing of the battery cooling branch 4, and the second expansion valve 42 can be used to control the flow of the coolant in the battery cooling branch 4.
可以理解,如第1B圖所示,當空調的冷卻液接入到電池溫度調節模組5時,則無需設置換熱器41、幫浦51及介質容器52。此種車載空調迴路和電池冷卻支路4連通的方式,可以提高冷卻效率,避免了換熱器41處換熱不完全的問題,即杜絕了因換熱器的換熱效率帶來的換熱損耗。在車載空調迴路和電池冷卻支路的冷卻液相互獨立的方式中,車載空調迴路中壓縮機的功率在考慮換熱器41等的換熱效率後才是壓縮機用於冷卻電池的實際功率,且後續描述的壓縮機功率P為此處所述的壓縮機用於冷卻電池的功率(可以理解的,後續描述的壓縮機的最大(或者額定)製冷功率為壓縮機的最大(或者額定)功率乘以換熱效率)。其中,該換熱效率可以是設置的一定值,在整個系統搭建好後測出來的;也可以是即時獲取的,可以通過在換熱器的前後增加溫度感測器以及在換熱器所在迴路增加流速感測器,可以知曉實際換熱功率,電池的溫度調節實際功率P2與實際換熱功率的比值即為換熱效率。It can be understood that, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the coolant of the air conditioner is connected to the battery temperature adjustment module 5, it is not necessary to provide the heat exchanger 41, the pump 51, and the medium container 52. The way of connecting the vehicle air conditioning circuit and the battery cooling branch 4 can improve the cooling efficiency and avoid the problem of incomplete heat exchange at the heat exchanger 41, that is, the heat exchange caused by the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger is eliminated. loss. In the manner in which the coolant of the vehicle air conditioning circuit and the cooling branch of the battery are independent of each other, the power of the compressor in the vehicle air conditioning circuit is the actual power of the compressor for cooling the battery after considering the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 41 or the like. And the compressor power P described later is the power of the compressor described herein for cooling the battery (it is understood that the maximum (or rated) cooling power of the compressor described later is the maximum (or rated) power of the compressor. Multiply by heat transfer efficiency). Wherein, the heat exchange efficiency can be set to a certain value, measured after the whole system is built; or it can be obtained immediately, and the temperature sensor can be added before and after the heat exchanger and the circuit where the heat exchanger is located By increasing the flow rate sensor, the actual heat exchange power can be known, and the ratio of the actual temperature of the battery to the actual heat transfer power P2 is the heat exchange efficiency.
下面結合具體實施例描述電池溫度調節模組5如何獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。The following describes how the battery temperature adjustment module 5 obtains the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 6 in conjunction with specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器可以用於獲取電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生電池的第一溫度調節需求功率,以及獲取電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生電池的第二溫度調節需求功率,並根據電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和電池的第二溫度調節需求功率產生電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be configured to acquire a first parameter when the battery is turned on, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter, and acquire a second parameter of the battery when the temperature is adjusted. And generating a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter, and generating a temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery according to the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of the battery.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池6開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,控制器獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ,並根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery 6 is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the controller acquires between the initial temperature and the target temperature. The first temperature difference ΔT 1 , and the first temperature adjustment required power is generated according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,控制器通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t (1), 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池6的比熱容,M為電池6的品質。Further, the controller generates the first temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t (1), where ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 6, and M is the quality of the battery 6.
第二參數為電池6在預設時間內的平均電流I,控制器通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2), 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池6的內阻。The second parameter is the average current I of the battery 6 for a preset time, and the controller generates the second temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2), where I is the average current, and R is The internal resistance of the battery 6.
當對電池6進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池6進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery 6 is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery 6 is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器分別根據第一溫度感測器55偵測的入口溫度和第二溫度感測器56偵測的出口溫度產生第二溫度差ΔT2 ,並根據每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速感測器57偵測的流速v產生電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller generates a second temperature difference ΔT 2 according to the inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 55 and the outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 56, respectively, and according to each battery The second temperature difference ΔT 2 and the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 57 generate the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*s*ρ,s為流路的橫截面積,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the actual power P2 is adjusted according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is in the flow path The specific heat capacity of the coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * s * ρ, s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is The density of the coolant.
另外,流速感測器也可由流量感測器替代,m=Q*ρ,Q為流量感測器測得的單位時間內流經流路橫截面積的冷卻液流量。In addition, the flow rate sensor can also be replaced by a flow sensor, m=Q*ρ, and Q is the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path per unit time measured by the flow sensor.
具體地,車輛通電後,電池管理控制器判斷車輛是否需要進行溫度調節,如果判斷車輛需要溫度調節,例如,電池6的溫度過高,則通過CAN通訊向車載空調控制器發送開啟溫度調節功能的資訊,車載空調控制器開啟溫度調節功能後發送熱交換資訊給電池熱管理控制器,同時車載控制器控制第二電子閥43開啟,電池熱管理控制器控制幫浦51以默認轉速(如低轉速)開始工作。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the battery management controller determines whether the vehicle needs to perform temperature adjustment. If it is determined that the vehicle needs temperature adjustment, for example, the temperature of the battery 6 is too high, the temperature adjustment function is sent to the vehicle air conditioner controller through the CAN communication. Information, the vehicle air conditioner controller turns on the temperature adjustment function and sends the heat exchange information to the battery thermal management controller, while the vehicle controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to be turned on, and the battery thermal management controller controls the pump 51 to the default speed (such as the low speed) )start working.
同時,電池管理控制器獲取電池6的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算出電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。電池管理控制器還獲取電池6在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)計算電池的第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,電池管理控制器根據電池6的第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率計算溫度調節需求功率P1(即將電池6的溫度在目標時間內調節至目標溫度的需求功率),其中,當對電池6進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R,當對電池6進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。At the same time, the battery management controller acquires the initial temperature (ie, the current temperature) of the battery 6, the target temperature, and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to actual conditions, and according to the formula (1) Calculate the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery. The battery management controller also obtains the average current I of the battery 6 for a preset time, and calculates the second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to formula (2). Then, the battery management controller calculates the temperature adjustment required power P1 according to the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery 6 and the second temperature adjustment required power (that is, the required power of the battery 6 is adjusted to the target temperature within the target time), wherein When the battery 6 is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R, and when the battery 6 is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
並且,電池熱管理控制器獲取第一溫度感測器55和第二溫度感測器56偵測溫度資訊,並獲取流速感測器57偵測的流速資訊,根據公式(3)計算出電池6的溫度調節實際功率P2。Moreover, the battery thermal management controller acquires the first temperature sensor 55 and the second temperature sensor 56 to detect the temperature information, and obtains the flow rate information detected by the flow rate sensor 57, and calculates the battery 6 according to the formula (3). The temperature adjusts the actual power P2.
最後,車載空調控制器根據電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2控制壓縮機的輸出功率及第二膨脹閥42的開度,可選擇地,電池熱管理控制器調節幫浦51的轉速。如,若溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,則根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2的差值,增加壓縮機的功率及增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,可選擇地增加幫浦51的轉速;若溫度調節需求功率P1小於溫度調節實際功率P2時,則根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2的差值,減小壓縮機的功率及減小第二膨脹閥42的開度,可選擇地減小幫浦51的轉速。Finally, the vehicle air conditioner controller controls the output power of the compressor and the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6, and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. Alternatively, the battery thermal management controller adjusts the pump 51. Speed. For example, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is increased, the power of the compressor is increased, and the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 is increased. Optionally, the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased; if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is smaller than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the difference between the required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is adjusted according to the temperature, and the power of the compressor is reduced and reduced. The opening of the second expansion valve 42 selectively reduces the rotational speed of the pump 51.
舉例說明,由上述實施例可知,溫度調節需求功率P1由兩部分組成,當電池6需要冷卻時,電池6初始溫度為45℃,目標溫度為35℃,則電池從45℃下降到35℃需要散發的熱量是固定,通過公式(1)即ΔT1 *C*M/t直接計算可以獲得,即第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,電池6在冷卻程序中,存在放電和充電程序,此程序會產生熱量,由於電池6的放電或者是充電電流是變化的,這部分的熱量也可以通過偵測電池的平均電流I直接獲得,通過公式(3)即I2 *R,直接計算出當前電池6的發熱功率,即第二溫度調節需求功率。本發明的冷卻完成時間是基於目標時間t設定的(t可以根據使用者需求或者是車輛實際設計情況改變)。在確定了冷卻完成所需要的目標時間t後,就可以預估出當前電池6冷卻需要的溫度調節需求功率P1,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R。而如果是加熱功能啟動,則溫度調節需求功率P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R,即在電池6在加熱程序中,電池6的放電或者充電電流越大,所需要的加熱功率即溫度調節需求功率P1越小。For example, it can be seen from the above embodiment that the temperature adjustment required power P1 is composed of two parts. When the battery 6 needs to be cooled, the initial temperature of the battery 6 is 45 ° C, and the target temperature is 35 ° C, then the battery needs to be lowered from 45 ° C to 35 ° C. The heat dissipated is fixed and can be directly calculated by the formula (1), that is, ΔT 1 *C*M/t, that is, the first temperature adjustment requires power. At the same time, the battery 6 has a discharge and charging procedure in the cooling process. This program generates heat. Since the discharge of the battery 6 or the charging current is changed, this part of the heat can also be directly obtained by detecting the average current I of the battery. The heating power of the current battery 6 is directly calculated by the formula (3), that is, I 2 *R, that is, the second temperature adjustment required power. The cooling completion time of the present invention is set based on the target time t (t can be changed according to user needs or the actual design of the vehicle). After determining the target time t required for the completion of the cooling, it is possible to estimate the temperature adjustment required power P1 required for the current battery 6 to cool, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R. If the heating function is activated, the temperature adjustment demand power P1=ΔT 1 *C*M/tI 2 *R, that is, the larger the discharge or charging current of the battery 6 in the heating process of the battery 6 is, the required heating power That is, the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is smaller.
下面將結合具體地實施例描述如何根據根據每個電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池6的溫度進行調節。How to adjust the temperature of the battery 6 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the temperature of each battery 6 will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於偵測電池的溫度,並在電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以及在電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,第一溫度臨界值一般大於第二溫度臨界值,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller is further configured to detect a temperature of the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is greater than the first temperature threshold, control the temperature adjustment system to enter the cooling mode, and the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature At the critical value, the temperature control system is controlled to enter the heating mode. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, and the first temperature threshold is generally greater than the second temperature threshold. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold The value can be 0 °C.
具體地,車輛通電後,電池管理控制器即時偵測電池6的溫度,並進行判斷。如果電池6的溫度高於40℃,說明此時電池6的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池6的性能產生影響,需要對電池6進行降溫處理,控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給車載空調控制器。車載空調控制器在接收到電池冷卻功能啟動資訊後控制第二電子閥43開啟,以使冷卻液與電池6進行熱交換以降低電池6的溫度。如第3圖所示,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式時,電池6所在迴路中對應的第一管道和第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向分別為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—第二電子閥43—第二膨脹閥42—換熱器41—壓縮機1;介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53(關閉)—幫浦51—閥門58—第一溫度感測器55—電池6—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52,如此迴圈,在換熱器41處換熱,實現電池6的降溫。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the battery management controller instantly detects the temperature of the battery 6 and makes a determination. If the temperature of the battery 6 is higher than 40 ° C, indicating that the temperature of the battery 6 is too high at this time, in order to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery 6, it is necessary to cool the battery 6 to control the temperature adjustment system to enter the cooling mode, and send The battery cooling function starts the information to the car air conditioner controller. The vehicle air conditioner controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to be turned on after receiving the battery cooling function activation information to exchange heat between the coolant and the battery 6 to lower the temperature of the battery 6. As shown in FIG. 3, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode, the flow directions of the coolants in the corresponding first pipe and the second pipe in the circuit of the battery 6 are: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - second Electronic valve 43 - second expansion valve 42 - heat exchanger 41 - compressor 1; medium container 52 - heat exchanger 41 - heater 53 (closed) - pump 51 - valve 58 - first temperature sensor 55 - The battery 6 - the second temperature sensor 56 - the flow rate sensor 57 - the medium container 52, is circulated, and heat is exchanged at the heat exchanger 41 to effect cooling of the battery 6.
而如果電池6的溫度低於0℃,說明此時電池6的溫度過低,為避免低溫對電池6的性能產生影響,需要對電池6進行升溫處理,電池管理控制器控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式,並發送電池加熱功能啟動資訊至車載空調控制器。車載空調控制器在接收到電池加熱功能啟動資訊後控制第二電子閥43關閉,同時電池熱管理控制器控制加熱器53開啟,以為溫度調節系統提供加熱功率。當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53(開啟)—幫浦51—第一溫度感測器55—電池6—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52;如此迴圈,實現電池6的升溫。If the temperature of the battery 6 is lower than 0 ° C, the temperature of the battery 6 is too low at this time. In order to avoid the influence of the low temperature on the performance of the battery 6, the battery 6 needs to be heated, and the battery management controller controls the temperature adjustment system to enter the heating. Mode, and send battery heating function to start information to the car air conditioner controller. The vehicle air conditioner controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to close after receiving the battery heating function activation information, and the battery thermal management controller controls the heater 53 to be turned on to provide heating power for the temperature regulation system. When the temperature adjustment system is operating in the heating mode, the flow direction of the coolant is: medium container 52 - heat exchanger 41 - heater 53 (on) - pump 51 - first temperature sensor 55 - battery 6 - second The temperature sensor 56 - the flow rate sensor 57 - the medium container 52; in this way, the temperature rise of the battery 6 is achieved.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式且在電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,控制器則獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池6的壓縮機的功率,或者增加電池6的冷卻液流量,以增加電池6的冷卻功率,以及在電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的冷卻液流量,以減少電池6的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode and the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and temperature of the battery. The power difference between the actual powers P2 is adjusted, and the power of the compressor for cooling the battery 6 is increased according to the power difference, or the coolant flow rate of the battery 6 is increased to increase the cooling power of the battery 6, and the temperature adjustment of the battery 6. When the required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature-regulated actual power P2, the power of the compressor is reduced or the power of the compressor is kept constant, or the cooling liquid flow rate of the battery is adjusted to reduce the cooling power of the battery 6.
具體地,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式時,電池管理控制器獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1,電池熱管理控制器獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,車載空調控制器根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2進行判斷。如果電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池6的降溫,所以,車載空調控制器獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機1的功率,或者增加電池的冷卻液流量,即增加第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,溫度調節實際功率P1與溫度調節實際功率P2的功率差越大,壓縮機1的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫度。而如果其中電池6的溫度調節實際功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,車載空調控制器可以保持壓縮機1的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機1的功率,或者減少該電池的冷卻液流量,即減小第二膨脹閥42的開度,以減少電池的冷卻功率。當電池6的溫度低於35℃時,則電池6冷卻完成,電池管理控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調控制器發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,車載空調控制器控制第二電子閥43關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池6的溫度高於35℃,則車載空調控制器適當增加壓縮機1的功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode, the battery management controller acquires the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery, the battery thermal management controller acquires the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and the vehicle air conditioning controller adjusts the required power P1 according to the temperature. It is judged with the temperature adjustment actual power P2. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it indicates that if the cooling of the battery 6 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the vehicle air conditioner controller acquires the temperature of the battery. Adjusting the power difference between the required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and increasing the power of the compressor 1 according to the power difference, or increasing the coolant flow rate of the battery, that is, increasing the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 to increase the battery The cooling power, wherein the greater the power difference between the temperature-regulated actual power P1 and the temperature-regulated actual power P2, the more the power of the compressor 1 and the coolant flow rate of the battery increase, so that the temperature of the battery is at a preset time t Reduced to the target temperature. And if the temperature adjustment actual power P1 of the battery 6 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the vehicle air conditioner controller can keep the power of the compressor 1 constant or appropriately reduce the power of the compressor 1, or reduce the coolant of the battery. The flow rate, that is, the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42, is reduced to reduce the cooling power of the battery. When the temperature of the battery 6 is lower than 35 ° C, the battery 6 is cooled, the battery management controller sends a message to turn off the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner controller through the CAN communication, and the vehicle air conditioner controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery 6 is higher than 35 ° C, the vehicle air conditioner controller appropriately increases the power of the compressor 1 so that the battery completes the cooling as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式且在電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,控制器獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器53的功率,或者調節增加電池的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的加熱功率,以及在電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小的功率,或保持加熱器53的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the heating mode and the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The power difference between them, and the power of the heater 53 for heating the battery is increased according to the power difference, or the coolant flow rate of the battery is increased to increase the heating power of the battery, and the required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment of the battery. When the temperature is adjusted to the actual power P2, the power is reduced, or the power of the heater 53 is kept constant, or the cooling liquid flow rate of the battery is adjusted to reduce the heating power of the battery.
具體地,當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,電池管理控制器獲取電池的P1,電池熱管理控制器獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。如果電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池6的升溫,所以,電池熱管理控制器獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池6的加熱器53的功率,或者調節增加電池的冷卻液流量,例如可以增幫浦51的轉速,以使該電池可以在目標時間內完成溫度調節。其中,溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2的差值越大,加熱器53的功率和該電池迴路的冷卻液流量增加的越多。而如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,電池熱管理控制器可以適當減小加熱器53的功率,或保持加熱器53的功率不變,或者調節減少該電池迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。當電池6的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池6加熱完成,電池管理控制器通過CAN通訊向電池熱管理控制器發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,電池熱管理控制器控制加熱器53關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池6的溫度低於10℃,則電池熱管理控制器再適當增加加熱器53的功率,以使電池6儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the heating mode, the battery management controller acquires the battery P1, and the battery thermal management controller acquires the battery temperature adjustment actual power P2. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it indicates that if the temperature of the battery 6 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the battery thermal management controller acquires the battery. The temperature adjusts the power difference between the required power P1 and the temperature-regulated actual power P2, and increases the power of the heater 53 for heating the battery 6 according to the power difference, or adjusts the flow rate of the coolant to increase the battery, for example, the pump 51 can be increased. The speed of rotation allows the battery to complete temperature regulation within the target time. Wherein, the greater the difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the more the power of the heater 53 and the coolant flow rate of the battery circuit increase. And if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the battery thermal management controller may appropriately reduce the power of the heater 53, or keep the power of the heater 53 unchanged, or adjust to reduce the battery circuit. Coolant flow to reduce the heating power of the battery. When the temperature of the battery 6 is higher than a preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery 6 is heated, and the battery management controller sends a message for turning off the temperature adjustment function to the battery thermal management controller through the CAN communication, and the battery thermal management controller controls the heater. 53 closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery 6 is still lower than 10 ° C, the battery thermal management controller appropriately increases the power of the heater 53 so that the battery 6 is warmed up as soon as possible. .
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於在電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或者等於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,降低幫浦51的轉速或者保持幫浦51的轉速不變,並在電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,提高幫浦51的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the rotation speed of the pump 51 or keep the rotation speed of the pump 51 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is less than or equal to the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, and When the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1小於溫度調節實際功率P2,控制器控制幫浦51的轉速降低,以節省電能,或者保持幫浦51的轉速不變。而如果電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,控制器用於控制加熱器53、壓縮機1的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還用於控制幫浦51的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。而如果電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1等於於溫度調節實際功率P2,那麼控制幫浦51的轉速保持在當前轉速不變即可。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is less than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the controller controls the rotation speed of the pump 51 to be reduced to save power, or to maintain the pump 51. The speed does not change. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the controller is used to control the increase of the power of the heater 53, the compressor 1, or the coolant flow rate of the circuit in which the battery is located, and is also used to control the pump 51. The increase of the rotational speed can increase the quality of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the cooling flow path per unit time, thereby increasing the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery to achieve temperature adjustment within the target time t. On the other hand, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the control pump 51 is maintained at the current rotation speed.
總結而言,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式時,如果電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和車內冷卻需求功率P4的和小於壓縮機最大製冷功率P,即P1+P4≤P,則車載空調控制器控制壓縮機1按照P1+P4製冷功率運行。如果P1+P4>P,則電池管理控制器判斷電池6的溫度是否大於設定溫度(如45℃),如果大於45℃,則優先為電池6提供冷卻功率,車載空調控制器控制壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率運行,車載空調控制器通過對第一膨脹閥32和第二膨脹閥42的開度進行控制,使電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率等於電池溫度調節需求功率P1,車內冷卻支路的功率P4等於P減去P1。而如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,控制壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率運行,車內冷卻支路3的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率為P-P4。如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則又優先滿足電池6的冷卻。In summary, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode, if the sum of the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 and the in-vehicle cooling required power P4 is less than the maximum cooling power P of the compressor, that is, P1+P4≤P, the vehicle air conditioner The controller controls the compressor 1 to operate at a P1 + P4 cooling power. If P1+P4>P, the battery management controller determines whether the temperature of the battery 6 is greater than a set temperature (for example, 45 ° C), and if it is greater than 45 ° C, the cooling power is preferentially provided to the battery 6, and the vehicle air conditioner controller controls the compressor 1 according to The maximum cooling power operation, the vehicle air conditioner controller controls the opening degrees of the first expansion valve 32 and the second expansion valve 42, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch 4 is equal to the battery temperature regulation demand power P1, and the interior cooling branch The power P4 is equal to P minus P1. If it is determined that the battery temperature is not greater than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the interior of the vehicle, and the compressor 1 is controlled to operate at the maximum cooling power, and the cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 is P4. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch 4 is P-P4. If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling of the battery 6 is preferentially satisfied.
當電池6的P1>P2,電池6需要調節的功率為P3(P3=P1-P2)時,如果P1+P4+P3≤P,則壓縮機1需要增加的製冷功率為P3,可以通過增大第二膨脹閥42的開度和/或者提高幫浦51的轉速以使P1=P2。而如果P1+P4+P3>P,則電池管理控制器判斷電池溫度是否大於設定溫度,例如,設定溫度可以為45℃,如果電池的溫度大於45℃,則優先為電池6提供冷卻功率,車載空調控制器控制壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率運行,通過調節第一膨脹閥32和第二膨脹閥42的開度,使電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率增加P3,以使P1=P2,車內冷卻支路3的冷卻功率減少。而如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,控制壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率運行,車內冷卻支路3的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率為P-P4。如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則又優先滿足電池6的冷卻,電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率增加P3。When the battery 6 has P1>P2 and the battery 6 needs to be adjusted to have power P3 (P3=P1-P2), if P1+P4+P3≤P, the compressor 1 needs to increase the cooling power to P3, which can be increased by The opening of the second expansion valve 42 and/or the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased so that P1 = P2. If P1+P4+P3>P, the battery management controller determines whether the battery temperature is greater than the set temperature. For example, the set temperature may be 45 ° C. If the battery temperature is greater than 45 ° C, the battery 6 is preferentially provided with cooling power. The air conditioner controller controls the compressor 1 to operate according to the maximum cooling power. By adjusting the opening degrees of the first expansion valve 32 and the second expansion valve 42, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch 4 is increased by P3 so that P1 = P2, in the vehicle. The cooling power of the cooling branch 3 is reduced. If it is determined that the battery temperature is not greater than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the interior of the vehicle, and the compressor 1 is controlled to operate at the maximum cooling power, and the cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 is P4. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch 4 is P-P4. If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling of the battery 6 is preferentially satisfied, and the cooling power of the battery cooling branch 4 is increased by P3.
而如果P1≤P2,那麼車載空調控制器維持壓縮機的功率不變,或者降低壓縮機的功率,或者減少第二膨脹閥42的開度,或者降低幫浦51的轉速,使得電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率下降。And if P1 ≤ P2, then the vehicle air conditioner controller maintains the power of the compressor, or reduces the power of the compressor, or reduces the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42, or reduces the rotation speed of the pump 51, so that the battery cooling branch The cooling power of 4 drops.
當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,P1與P2的功率差為P3,即P1-P2=P3。如果P1>P2,則電池熱管理控制器控制加熱器53的加熱功率增加P3,並提高幫浦51轉速。如果P1≤P2,電池熱管理可以加熱器53的功率保持不變,或者將加熱器53功率減少P3,以節省電能,或者降低幫浦51的轉速。When the temperature regulation system is operating in the heating mode, the power difference between P1 and P2 is P3, that is, P1-P2=P3. If P1>P2, the battery thermal management controller controls the heating power of the heater 53 to increase by P3, and increases the rotational speed of the pump 51. If P1 ≤ P2, the battery thermal management can keep the power of the heater 53 constant, or reduce the power of the heater 53 by P3 to save power or reduce the rotational speed of the pump 51.
如果冷卻功能開啟預設時間後,例如1個小時之後,電池6的溫度仍然高於35℃,則增大電池的冷卻功率。如果加熱功能開啟1個小時之後,電池平均溫度仍然低於10℃,則電池熱管理控制器可以適當增大加熱器53的功率。If the cooling function is turned on for a preset time, for example, after 1 hour, the temperature of the battery 6 is still higher than 35 ° C, the cooling power of the battery is increased. If the average battery temperature is still below 10 ° C after the heating function is turned on for 1 hour, the battery thermal management controller can appropriately increase the power of the heater 53.
如果單個壓縮機1無法滿足冷卻電池6時所需的功率,則可設置複數壓縮機1為電池6提供冷卻功率。如在大巴車上,通常有4個壓縮機,此時可以將這4個壓縮機都用於為電池6提供冷卻功率。If the single compressor 1 cannot meet the power required to cool the battery 6, the plurality of compressors 1 can be provided to provide cooling power to the battery 6. For example, on a bus, there are usually four compressors, and all four compressors can be used to provide cooling power to the battery 6.
根據本發明的一個實施例,用於為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機1為複數個,車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4均為複數個,控制器還用於根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量,並在溫度調節系統為冷卻模式時,控制相應數量的壓縮機1啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of compressors 1 for supplying a refrigerant to a battery are provided, and the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling branch 4 are plural, and the controller is further configured to adjust according to the temperature of the battery. The required power P1 and the maximum cooling power P of each compressor determine the number of compressors that are started, and control the corresponding number of compressors 1 to start when the temperature adjustment system is in the cooling mode.
具體地,當壓縮機1為複數個時,相應的,車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4為複數個。舉例而言,當為電池6提供製冷劑的壓縮機1為2個,車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4均為2個時,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1,如果電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於單個壓縮機1的最大製冷功率,那麼控制器控制一壓縮機1啟動即可。而如果電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於單個壓縮機1的最大製冷功率,那麼控制器控制兩個壓縮機1同時啟動工作,以滿足電池6的降溫製冷功率需求。Specifically, when there are a plurality of compressors 1, correspondingly, the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling branch 4 are plural. For example, when there are two compressors 1 for supplying the refrigerant to the battery 6, and two of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling branch 4, the controller acquires the battery when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode. The temperature of 6 is required to adjust the power P1. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is less than or equal to the maximum cooling power of the single compressor 1, the controller controls a compressor 1 to be started. And if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is greater than the maximum cooling power of the single compressor 1, the controller controls the two compressors 1 to simultaneously start the operation to meet the cooling and cooling power demand of the battery 6.
壓縮機1為複數個的工作原理與上述的壓縮機1為一個的相同,為避免冗餘,此處不再贅述。The working principle of the compressor 1 is the same as that of the compressor 1 described above. To avoid redundancy, no further details will be described herein.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統可以根據電池的實際狀態精確控制電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。The temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention can accurately control the heating power and the cooling power of the battery according to the actual state of the battery, and adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained at the pre-charge. Set the range to avoid the situation where the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature.
第4圖是根據本發明第一個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖。如第4圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節方法包括以下步驟: S1,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery includes the following steps: S1, obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery.
進一步地,如第5圖所示,在本發明的實施例中,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率具體包括: S11,獲取電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, as shown in FIG. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, acquiring the temperature adjustment required power of the battery specifically includes: S11, acquiring a first parameter when the battery is turned on, and generating a first temperature according to the first parameter. Adjust the demand power.
S12,獲取電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生第二溫度調節需求功率。S12. Acquire a second parameter of the battery during temperature adjustment, and generate a second temperature adjustment required power according to the second parameter.
S13,根據第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率產生溫度調節需求功率P1。S13. The temperature adjustment required power P1 is generated according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間t,根據第一參數產生第一溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 。根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率P1。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first temperature adjustment requirement is generated according to the first parameter. The power specifically includes: obtaining a first temperature difference ΔT 1 between the initial temperature and the target temperature. The first temperature adjustment required power P1 is generated based on the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t, (1) 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t, (1) where ΔT 1 is between the initial temperature and the target temperature The first temperature difference, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,第二參數為電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2) 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is the average current I of the battery for a preset time, and the second temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2) where I is the average Current, R is the internal resistance of the battery.
S2,獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。S2, obtaining the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第5圖所示,獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率具體包括: S21,獲取用於調節電池溫度的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取冷卻液流入流路的流速v。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, acquiring the temperature-regulating actual power of the battery specifically includes: S21: acquiring an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting a battery temperature, and acquiring a coolant inflow path Flow rate v.
S22,根據入口溫度和出口溫度產生第二溫度差ΔT2 。S22, generating a second temperature difference ΔT 2 according to the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature.
S23,根據第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速v產生溫度調節實際功率P2。S23, generating a temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the second temperature difference ΔT 2 and the flow velocity v.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,進根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *C*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,C為電池的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the actual temperature P2 is adjusted according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *C*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and C is the battery Specific heat capacity, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the cross section of the flow path area.
另外,流速感測器也可由流量感測器替代,m=Q*ρ,Q為流量感測器測得的單位時間內流經流路橫截面積的冷卻液流量。In addition, the flow rate sensor can also be replaced by a flow sensor, m=Q*ρ, and Q is the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path per unit time measured by the flow sensor.
S3,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節。S3, adjusting the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
其中,在本發明的實施例中,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2在目標時間內對電池的溫度進行調節,以達到目標溫度。Wherein, in the embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the battery is adjusted within the target time according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 to reach the target temperature.
具體地,車輛通電後,判斷電池是否需要進行溫度調節,如果需要則獲取電池的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據車載電池的實際情況進行預設,然後,根據公式(1)計算出第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,獲取電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)計算第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,根據第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率計算溫度調節需求功率P1(即將電池的溫度調節至目標溫度的需求功率)。並且,獲取電池的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取流流速資訊,根據公式(3)計算出溫度調節實際功率P2。最後,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2控制壓縮機或者加熱器以不同的功率運行。由此,該控制方法可以精確控制電池溫度調節所需要的時間,且電池溫度調節實際功率即時可調,可以確保在目標時間內完成車載電池的溫度調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, it is determined whether the battery needs to be temperature-regulated, and if necessary, the initial temperature of the battery (ie, the current temperature), the target temperature, and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, wherein the target temperature and the target time t are obtained. The preset can be performed according to the actual situation of the vehicle battery, and then the first temperature adjustment required power is calculated according to the formula (1). At the same time, the average current I of the battery in the preset time is obtained, and the second temperature adjustment required power is calculated according to the formula (2). Then, the temperature adjustment required power P1 (that is, the required power of the battery is adjusted to the target temperature) is calculated based on the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power. And, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the battery are obtained, and the flow velocity information is acquired, and the actual temperature adjustment power P2 is calculated according to the formula (3). Finally, the compressor or heater is controlled to operate at different powers depending on the temperature regulated demand power P1 and the temperature regulated actual power P2. Therefore, the control method can accurately control the time required for the battery temperature adjustment, and the battery temperature adjustment actual power is instantly adjustable, which can ensure the temperature adjustment of the vehicle battery is completed within the target time, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained at a preset range. To avoid the situation where the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by temperature.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第6圖所示,上述的車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:偵測電池的溫度,並判斷溫度是否大於第一溫度臨界值或者小於第二溫度臨界值(S10-S20)。當電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,進入冷卻模式(S30)。其中,第一預設溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為40℃。當電池的溫度小於等於第一溫度臨界值時,進一步地判斷電池的溫度是否小於第二溫度臨界值,當電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,進入加熱模式(S40-S50)。其中,第二預設溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery may further include: detecting a temperature of the battery, and determining whether the temperature is greater than a first temperature threshold or less than a second temperature threshold. (S10-S20). When the temperature of the battery is greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered (S30). The first preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 40 ° C. When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, it is further determined whether the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature threshold, and when the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature threshold, the heating mode is entered (S40-S50). The second preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,即時偵測電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對電池的性能產生影響,需要對電池進行降溫處理,進入冷卻模式,控制壓縮機啟動,以使冷卻液與電池進行熱交換以降低電池的溫度。而如果電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時電池的溫度過低,為避免低溫對電池的性能產生影響,需要對電池進行升溫處理,進入加熱模式,控制加熱器開啟,以提供加熱功率。可以理解的是,根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池6進行溫度調節,可以精確控制電池溫度調節所需要的時間,且P2即時可調,可以確保在目標時間t內完成電池的溫度調節。並且,溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2容易獲取。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of the battery is instantly detected and judged. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 °C, it means that the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the impact of high temperature on the performance of the battery, it is necessary to cool down the battery, enter the cooling mode, and control the start of the compressor to make the coolant and the battery. Perform heat exchange to lower the temperature of the battery. If the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 °C, it means that the temperature of the battery is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, it is necessary to heat up the battery, enter the heating mode, and control the heater to open to provide heating power. It can be understood that the temperature adjustment of the battery 6 according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery can accurately control the time required for the battery temperature adjustment, and the P2 can be instantly adjusted to ensure the target time t. Complete the temperature adjustment of the battery. Also, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 are easily acquired.
由上述實施例可知,P1由兩部分組成,以冷卻電池為例,當電池需要冷卻時,電池初始溫度為45℃,電池冷卻目標溫度為35℃,則電池從45℃下降到35℃需要散發的熱量是固定,通過公式(1)即ΔT1 *C*M/t直接計算可以獲得。其中,ΔT1 為該初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為該電池的品質。同時,電池在冷卻程序中,存在放電和充電程序,此程序會產生熱量,這部分的熱量也可以通過偵測電流直接獲得,通過公式(3)即I2 *R,直接計算出當前電池的發熱功率,即第二溫度調節需求功率。其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。本發明的關鍵點之一是冷卻時間可調,且冷卻完成時間可精確確定,本發明是基於目標時間t設定的(t可以根據使用者需求或者是車輛實際設計情況改變)。在確定了冷卻完成所需要的目標時間t後,就可以預估出當前電池冷卻需要的溫度調節需求功率P1,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R。而如果是加熱功能啟動,則溫度調節需求功率P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R,即在電池在加熱程序中,電池放電或者充電電流越大,所需要的加熱功率即溫度調節需求功率P1越小。As can be seen from the above embodiment, P1 is composed of two parts. Taking a cooling battery as an example, when the battery needs to be cooled, the initial temperature of the battery is 45 ° C, and the target temperature of the battery cooling is 35 ° C, the battery needs to be emitted from 45 ° C to 35 ° C. The heat is fixed and can be directly calculated by the formula (1), ΔT 1 *C*M/t. Where ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery. At the same time, in the cooling process, there is a discharge and charging procedure. This program generates heat. This part of the heat can also be directly obtained by detecting the current. The current battery is directly calculated by the formula (3), ie, I 2 *R. The heating power, that is, the second temperature adjustment required power. Where I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery. One of the key points of the present invention is that the cooling time is adjustable, and the cooling completion time can be accurately determined. The present invention is set based on the target time t (t can be changed according to user requirements or actual vehicle design conditions). After determining the target time t required for the completion of the cooling, it is possible to estimate the temperature adjustment required power P1 required for the current battery cooling, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R. If the heating function is activated, the temperature adjustment demand power P1=ΔT 1 *C*M/tI 2 *R, that is, in the heating process of the battery, the larger the battery discharge or the charging current, the required heating power, that is, the temperature adjustment The smaller the required power P1 is.
由於電池的放電或者是充電電流是變化的,所以I2 *R是變化的,因此為了更好的確保冷卻時間的準確性,冷卻功率也要隨著電池當前的平均放電或者是充電電流的變化而變化。如果車載空調同時給電池和車廂冷卻,那麼當電池的放電電流較小的時候,I2 *R就會減小,此時車載空調可以分配更多的製冷功率給到車廂,使得車廂較快的達到設定氣溫。同時,當電池的放電或者充電電流較大時,I2 *R就會較大,此時車載空調可以分配更多的製冷功率給到電池。通過這樣的調節,使得電池冷卻所需時間始終準確,同時又可以更高效的合理利用車載空調的製冷功率,而不必配置冷卻功率較大的空調,造成製冷功率的浪費。Since the discharge of the battery or the charging current is varied, I 2 *R is varied, so in order to better ensure the accuracy of the cooling time, the cooling power also varies with the current average discharge of the battery or the charging current. And change. If the car air conditioner cools the battery and the car at the same time, when the discharge current of the battery is small, the I 2 *R will decrease, and at this time, the car air conditioner can allocate more cooling power to the car, so that the car is faster. The set temperature is reached. At the same time, when the battery discharge or charging current is large, I 2 * R will be larger, and the vehicle air conditioner can allocate more cooling power to the battery. Through such adjustment, the time required for cooling the battery is always accurate, and at the same time, the cooling power of the vehicle air conditioner can be utilized more efficiently, without having to configure an air conditioner with a large cooling power, resulting in waste of cooling power.
由於電池冷卻時間受冷卻效率的影響,由於冷卻效率受外部環境溫度和電池當前溫度的影響,在電池冷卻的程序中,溫度調節系統的效率也是不斷變化的,所以冷卻效率不可能是100%,因此只根據溫度調節需求功率P1是無法準確調節電池冷卻所需時間的,有必要偵測電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。在本發明中,電池的溫度調節實際功率P2可以通過公式(3)即ΔT2*C*m計算得出。P2也可以通過電池實際冷卻功率P2也就可以通過公式(4)即ΔT3*C*m1計算得出,其中ΔT3為電池在某一時間段內的溫度變化,C為電池的比熱容,m1為電池品質。但由於電池的品質較大,所以單位時間內溫度變化不明顯,需要較長時間才看可以偵測出溫差,不符合即時性要求,所以一般按照公式(3)計算溫度調節實際功率P2。Since the cooling time of the battery is affected by the cooling efficiency, since the cooling efficiency is affected by the external ambient temperature and the current temperature of the battery, the efficiency of the temperature regulating system is constantly changing in the battery cooling process, so the cooling efficiency cannot be 100%. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately adjust the time required for battery cooling by adjusting the required power P1 according to the temperature. It is necessary to detect the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power P2. In the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery can be calculated by the formula (3), that is, ΔT2*C*m. P2 can also be calculated by the actual cooling power P2 of the battery. It can also be calculated by the formula (4), ΔT3*C*m1, where ΔT3 is the temperature change of the battery in a certain period of time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and m1 is the battery. quality. However, due to the high quality of the battery, the temperature change is not obvious per unit time. It takes a long time to see that the temperature difference can be detected and does not meet the immediacy requirement. Therefore, the actual temperature P2 is generally calculated according to formula (3).
受冷卻效率的影響,溫度調節實際功率P2很難完全等於溫度調節需求功率P1,為了使得電池冷卻目標時間t更準確,需要即時根據溫度調節需求功率P1與溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差值進行調節,以確保電池的溫度調節需求功率P1與電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相等。Due to the cooling efficiency, the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is hardly equal to the temperature adjustment demand power P1. In order to make the battery cooling target time t more accurate, it is necessary to adjust the power difference between the required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the temperature. The value is adjusted to ensure that the battery's temperature regulation demand power P1 is equal to the battery's temperature regulation actual power P2.
下面將結合具體地實施例描述如何根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節。How to adjust the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當當前的工作模式為冷卻模式時,如第7圖所示,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節具體包括: S31,判斷溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the current working mode is the cooling mode, as shown in FIG. 7, adjusting the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 specifically includes: S31, determining the temperature Adjust whether the required power P1 is greater than the temperature-regulated actual power P2.
S32,如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池的壓縮機的功率。S32, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and the power of the compressor for cooling the battery is increased according to the power difference.
S33,如果溫度調節需求功率小於或等於溫度調節實際功率,則減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變。S33. If the temperature adjustment demand power is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power, reduce the power of the compressor or keep the power of the compressor unchanged.
具體地,當進入冷卻模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2調節壓縮機1的功率。如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,說明如果壓縮機按照當前功率運行,無法使電池的溫度在目標時間t內降低至目標溫度。因此繼續獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機的功率,溫度調節需求功率P1與溫度調節實際功率P2的功率差越大,壓縮機的功率增加越多,以使電池的溫度在預設時間內降低至目標溫度。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2,可以保持壓縮機的功率不變或者適當減小壓縮機的功率。當電池的溫度低於35℃時,電池冷卻完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊。如果進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,電池的溫度仍然高於35℃,則適當增加壓縮機的功率,以使電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when entering the cooling mode, the power of the compressor 1 is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it means that if the compressor operates at the current power, the temperature of the battery cannot be lowered to the target temperature within the target time t. Therefore, the power difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is continuously obtained, and the power of the compressor is increased according to the power difference. The power difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is larger, and the compressor is larger. The more power is increased, so that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within a preset time. On the other hand, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power of the compressor can be kept constant or the power of the compressor can be appropriately reduced. When the temperature of the battery is lower than 35 °C, the battery is cooled, and the information of turning off the temperature adjustment function is sent to the car air conditioner through CAN communication. If the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ° C after entering the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the power of the compressor is appropriately increased to allow the battery to complete the cooling as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第7圖所示,當當前的工作模式為加熱模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率對電池的溫度進行調節具體包括: S34,判斷所溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, when the current working mode is the heating mode, adjusting the actual power according to the temperature adjustment required power and temperature to adjust the temperature of the battery specifically includes: S34, determining the temperature adjustment Whether the required power P1 is greater than the temperature-regulated actual power P2.
S35,如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率。S35. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and the power of the heater for heating the battery is increased according to the power difference.
S36,如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,則保持加熱器的功率不變。S36, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power of the heater is kept unchanged.
具體地,當進入加熱模式時,加熱器開啟,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2調節加熱器的功率。如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,說明如果加熱器按照當前功率加熱,那麼無法使電池的溫度在預設時間內上升至目標溫度。因此繼續獲取溫度調節需求功率P1與P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加加熱器的功率,其中,溫度調節需求功率P1與溫度調節實際功率P2的差值越大,加熱器的功率增加的越多。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2,可以保持加熱器的功率不變。當電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,電池管理控制器通過CAN通訊向電池熱管理控制器發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器關閉。如果進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,電池的溫度仍然低於10℃,則適當增加加熱器的功率,以使電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when entering the heating mode, the heater is turned on, and the power of the heater is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it means that if the heater is heated according to the current power, the temperature of the battery cannot be raised to the target temperature within a preset time. Therefore, the power difference between the temperature adjustment demand powers P1 and P2 is continuously obtained, and the power of the heater is increased according to the power difference, wherein the difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is larger, and the power of the heater is increased. The more. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power of the heater can be kept constant. When the temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery is heated, and the battery management controller sends a message to the battery thermal management controller to turn off the temperature adjustment function through CAN communication, and controls the heater to turn off. If the temperature of the battery is still below 10 ° C after entering the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the power of the heater is appropriately increased to allow the battery to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第8圖所示,上述的車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括: S37,如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,則降低幫浦的轉速或者保持幫浦的轉速不變。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the temperature adjustment method of the above-mentioned vehicle battery may further include: S37, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump is lowered. Or keep the speed of the pump unchanged.
S38,如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,則提高幫浦的轉速。S38, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump is increased.
具體地,當進入加熱模式或者製冷模式時,如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,則控制幫浦的轉速降低,以節省電能或者保持幫浦的轉速不變。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,除控制加熱器或壓縮機的功率增加外,還控制幫浦的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間內實現電池的溫度調節。Specifically, when entering the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the control pump is lowered to save electric energy or keep the rotation speed of the pump unchanged. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, in addition to controlling the power of the heater or the compressor, the speed of the pump is controlled to increase, and the quality of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the cooling flow path per unit time can be increased. , thereby increasing the temperature adjustment actual power P2 to achieve temperature regulation of the battery within the target time.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當用於為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機為複數個,上述的方法還可以包括:根據溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量。在為冷卻模式時,控制相應數量的壓縮機啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when there are a plurality of compressors for supplying a refrigerant to the battery, the above method may further include: determining the started compressor according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the maximum cooling power of each compressor quantity. When in the cooling mode, the corresponding number of compressors are controlled to start.
進一步地,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量具體包括:判斷電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率。如果大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率,則控制複數壓縮機同時啟動。Further, determining the number of compressors to be started according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the maximum cooling power of each compressor specifically includes determining whether the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery is greater than the maximum cooling power of the single compressor. If greater than the maximum cooling power of a single compressor, the control plurality of compressors are simultaneously activated.
舉例而言,當為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機1為2個時,在進入製冷模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量,如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率,那麼控制一壓縮機啟動即可。而如果度調節需求功率P1大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率,那麼控制兩個壓縮機同時啟動工作,以滿足電池的降溫製冷功率需求。For example, when there are two compressors 1 that supply refrigerant to the battery, when entering the cooling mode, the number of compressors that are started is determined according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the maximum cooling power of each compressor, if the temperature Adjusting the required power P1 is less than or equal to the maximum cooling power of a single compressor, then controlling a compressor to start. If the degree-regulated demand power P1 is greater than the maximum cooling power of the single compressor, then the two compressors are controlled to start working simultaneously to meet the cooling and cooling power requirements of the battery.
需要說明的是,在本發明的實施例中,電池可以是單個電池包(由複數電池單體構成),也可以是由複數電池包串聯、並聯或混聯組成。當電池包括複數並聯的電池包時,需要對各個電池包之間進行溫度調節功率分配,這需要通過閥來進行功率分配。It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the battery may be a single battery pack (consisting of a plurality of battery cells), or may be composed of a plurality of battery packs connected in series, in parallel, or mixed. When the battery includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel, temperature-regulated power distribution between the individual battery packs is required, which requires power distribution through the valves.
總結而言,當溫度調節系統工作在製冷模式時,如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和車內冷卻需求功率P4的和小於壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,即P1+P4≤P5,則控制壓縮機按照P1+P4製冷功率運行。如果P1+P4>P,則判斷電池的溫度是否大於設定溫度(如45℃),如果大於45℃,則優先為電池提供冷卻功率,控制壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,通過對電池冷卻支路和車內冷卻支路的冷媒流量進行控制,使電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率等於電池溫度調節需求功率P1,車內冷卻支路的功率P4等於P減去P1。而如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,控制壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P-P4。而如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,控制壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率運行,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P-P4。如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則又優先滿足電池的冷卻。In summary, when the temperature adjustment system is operating in the cooling mode, if the sum of the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the required cooling power P4 of the interior is less than the maximum cooling power P of the compressor, that is, P1+P4≤P5, control compression The machine operates according to the P1+P4 cooling power. If P1+P4>P, it is judged whether the temperature of the battery is greater than the set temperature (such as 45 °C). If it is greater than 45 °C, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the battery, and the compressor is controlled to operate according to the maximum cooling power through the cooling branch of the battery. The flow rate of the refrigerant in the cooling branch of the vehicle is controlled so that the cooling power of the cooling branch of the battery is equal to the power demanding power P1 of the battery, and the power P4 of the cooling branch of the vehicle is equal to P minus P1. If it is determined that the battery temperature is not more than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor is controlled to operate according to the maximum cooling power, and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle is P4, the battery The cooling power of the cooling branch is P-P4. If it is determined that the battery temperature is not greater than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the interior of the vehicle, and the compressor 1 is controlled to operate at the maximum cooling power, and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle is P4. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch is P-P4. If the temperature inside the car has reached the set temperature, then the cooling of the battery is prioritized.
當電池的P1>P2,電池需要調節的功率為P3(P3=P1-P2)時,如果P1+P4+P3≤P5,則壓縮機1需要增加的製冷功率為P3,可以通過增大電池冷卻支路的冷媒流量和/或者提高幫浦的轉速以使P1=P2。而如果P1+P4+P3>P,則電池管理控制器判斷電池溫度是否大於設定溫度,例如,設定溫度可以為45℃,如果電池的溫度大於45℃,則優先為電池提供冷卻功率,控制壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,使電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率增加,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率減少。而如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,控制壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P-P4。如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率增加P3。When the battery has P1>P2 and the battery needs to be adjusted to P3 (P3=P1-P2), if P1+P4+P3≤P5, the compressor 1 needs to increase the cooling power to P3, which can be increased by increasing the battery. The refrigerant flow of the branch and / or increase the speed of the pump so that P1 = P2. If P1+P4+P3>P, the battery management controller determines whether the battery temperature is greater than the set temperature. For example, the set temperature may be 45 ° C. If the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ° C, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the battery, and the compression is controlled. The machine operates according to the maximum cooling power, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased, and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle is reduced. If it is determined that the battery temperature is not more than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor is controlled to operate according to the maximum cooling power, and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle is P4, the battery The cooling power of the cooling branch is P-P4. If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling of the battery is preferentially satisfied, and the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by P3.
而如果P1≤P2,那麼維持壓縮機的功率不變,或者降低壓縮機的功率,或者減少電池冷卻製冷的冷媒流量,或者降低幫浦的轉速,使得電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率下降。If P1 ≤ P2, then the power of the compressor is kept constant, or the power of the compressor is reduced, or the flow rate of the refrigerant cooled by the battery is reduced, or the rotation speed of the pump is lowered, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is lowered.
當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,P1與P2的功率差為P3,即P1-P2=P3。如果P1>P2,則控制加熱器的加熱功率增加P3,並提高幫浦轉速。如果P1≤P2,可以加熱器的功率保持不變,或者將加熱器功率減少P3,以節省電能,或者降低幫浦的轉速。When the temperature regulation system is operating in the heating mode, the power difference between P1 and P2 is P3, that is, P1-P2=P3. If P1>P2, the heating power of the control heater is increased by P3, and the pump speed is increased. If P1 ≤ P2, the power of the heater can be kept constant, or the heater power can be reduced by P3 to save power or reduce the speed of the pump.
如果冷卻功能開啟預設時間後,例如1個小時之後,電池的溫度仍然高於35℃,則增大電池冷卻功率需求。如果加熱功能開啟1個小時之後,電池平均溫度仍然低於10℃,則電池熱管理控制器可以適當增大加熱器的功率。If the cooling function is turned on for a preset time, for example, after 1 hour, the battery temperature is still higher than 35 ° C, the battery cooling power demand is increased. If the average battery temperature is still below 10 °C after the heating function is turned on for 1 hour, the battery thermal management controller can appropriately increase the power of the heater.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法,首先獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率,再獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率,最後根據溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率在目標時間對電池的溫度進行調節,以達到目標溫度。由此,該方法可以精確控制電池的溫度調節時間,且電池的溫度調節實際功率即時可調,可以確保在目標時間內根據車載電池的實際狀態精確控制車載的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。According to the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the temperature adjustment required power of the battery is obtained, and then the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery is obtained, and finally, the temperature is adjusted according to the temperature, and the actual power is adjusted to the temperature of the battery at the target time. Adjust to reach the target temperature. Therefore, the method can accurately control the temperature adjustment time of the battery, and the actual temperature of the battery temperature adjustment is instantly adjustable, which can ensure that the heating power and the cooling power of the vehicle battery are precisely controlled according to the actual state of the vehicle battery in the target time. When the temperature of the vehicle battery is too high or too low, the temperature is adjusted to maintain the temperature of the vehicle battery in a preset range, so as to avoid the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature.
此外,本發明還提出一種非臨時性電腦可讀儲存媒體,其上儲存有電腦程式,該程式被處理器執行時實現上述的車載電池的溫度調節方法。In addition, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which is implemented by the processor to implement the above-described temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery.
根據本發明實施例的非臨時性電腦可讀儲存媒體,首先獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率,再獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率,最後根據溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率在對電池的溫度進行調節,從而可以在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。According to the non-transitory computer readable storage medium of the embodiment of the present invention, firstly, the temperature adjustment required power of the battery is acquired, and then the temperature of the battery is adjusted to adjust the actual power. Finally, the actual power is adjusted according to the temperature to adjust the required power and the temperature is performed on the temperature of the battery. The adjustment can adjust the temperature when the temperature of the vehicle battery is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained within a preset range, thereby avoiding the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature.
而當車輛的電池6的數量為複數個,且複數電池6並聯連接時,例如,電池6的數量為2個,分別為第一電池61和第二電池62,如第9圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節系統包括:壓縮機1、冷凝器2、電池冷卻支路4和電池溫度調節模組5。When the number of the batteries 6 of the vehicle is plural, and the plurality of batteries 6 are connected in parallel, for example, the number of the batteries 6 is two, which are the first battery 61 and the second battery 62, respectively, as shown in FIG. The battery temperature regulation system includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a battery cooling branch 4, and a battery temperature adjustment module 5.
其中,冷凝器2與壓縮機1相連,電池冷卻支路4連接在壓縮機1和冷凝器2之間。電池溫度調節模組5與複數並聯的電池6和電池冷卻支路4相連,獲取複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,並分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節。Among them, the condenser 2 is connected to the compressor 1, and the battery cooling branch 4 is connected between the compressor 1 and the condenser 2. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 is connected to the plurality of parallel batteries 6 and the battery cooling branch 4, and obtains the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the plurality of parallel batteries, and adjusts the required power according to the temperature of the plurality of parallel batteries respectively. P1 and the temperature-regulated actual power P2 regulate the temperature of the plurality of parallel batteries.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2在目標時間t內對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節,以達到目標溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the battery connected in parallel is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery connected in parallel, and specifically includes: respectively, according to the temperature of the battery connected in parallel The regulated demand power P1 and the temperature-regulated actual power P2 are adjusted for the target parallel temperature to the target temperature within the target time t.
也就是說,電池溫度調節模組5在根據每個電池的P1和P2對每個電池6進行溫度調節時,可以確保在目標時間t內根據每個電池6的實際狀態精確控制車載電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,從而在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節。That is to say, when the battery temperature adjustment module 5 performs temperature adjustment for each battery 6 according to P1 and P2 of each battery, it can be ensured that the heating of the vehicle battery is accurately controlled according to the actual state of each battery 6 within the target time t. Power and cooling power to adjust the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low.
當車內溫度過高時,車內冷卻功能啟動,冷卻液的流動方向為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—車內冷卻支路3—壓縮機1。當第一電池61的溫度過高時,電池冷卻功能啟動,第一管道和第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—電池冷卻支路4—壓縮機1;電池冷卻支路4—電池溫度調節模組5—第一電池61—電池溫度調節模組5—電池冷卻回支路4。當第二電池62的溫度過高時,第一管道和第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—電池冷卻支路4—壓縮機1;電池冷卻回支路路4—電池溫度調節模組5—第二電池62—電池溫度調節模組5—電池冷卻支路4。When the temperature inside the vehicle is too high, the cooling function in the vehicle is started, and the flow direction of the coolant is: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - interior cooling branch 3 - compressor 1. When the temperature of the first battery 61 is too high, the battery cooling function is activated, and the flow direction of the coolant in the first pipe and the second pipe is: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - battery cooling branch 4 - compressor 1; Cooling branch 4 - battery temperature regulating module 5 - first battery 61 - battery temperature regulating module 5 - battery cooling back to branch 4. When the temperature of the second battery 62 is too high, the flow direction of the coolant in the first pipe and the second pipe is: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - battery cooling branch 4 - compressor 1; battery cooling back branch road 4—Battery temperature adjustment module 5—Second battery 62—Battery temperature adjustment module 5—Battery cooling branch 4.
電池溫度調節模組5的製冷功率由車載空調提供,與車內製冷系統共用製冷量,從而可以減少溫度調節系統的體積,並使冷卻液流量的分配更加靈活。由此,可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,從而在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。The cooling power of the battery temperature regulating module 5 is provided by the vehicle air conditioner, and the cooling capacity is shared with the in-vehicle refrigeration system, thereby reducing the volume of the temperature regulating system and making the distribution of the coolant flow more flexible. Thereby, the heating power and the cooling power of each battery can be precisely controlled according to the actual state of each battery, thereby adjusting the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained at a preset range. To avoid the situation where the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by temperature.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,如第4圖和第5圖所示,電池冷卻支路4可以包括換熱器41,換熱器41包括第一管道和第二管道,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the battery cooling branch 4 may include a heat exchanger 41 including a first duct and a second duct, and a second duct The first pipe is connected to the compressor 1 , and the first pipe and the second pipe are adjacent to each other.
電池溫度調節模組5可以包括:調節電池溫度的流路(圖中未具體示出),流路設置在電池6之中。連接在流路和換熱器41之間的幫浦51、介質容器52、加熱器53,以及控制器(圖中未具體示出)。其中,控制器分別獲取複數並聯的電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,並分別根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池6的溫度進行調節。車內冷卻支路3可以包括:蒸發器31、第一膨脹閥32和第一電子閥33。電池冷卻支路4還可以包括第二膨脹閥42和第二電子閥43。The battery temperature adjustment module 5 may include a flow path (not specifically shown) for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and the flow path is disposed in the battery 6. A pump 51, a medium container 52, a heater 53, and a controller (not specifically shown) are connected between the flow path and the heat exchanger 41. Wherein, the controller respectively obtains the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 in parallel and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and adjusts the required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the temperature of each battery to each battery 6 respectively. The temperature is adjusted. The in-vehicle cooling branch 3 may include an evaporator 31, a first expansion valve 32, and a first electronic valve 33. The battery cooling branch 4 may also include a second expansion valve 42 and a second electronic valve 43.
可以理解的是,電池冷卻支路4也可以不設置換熱器41,當沒有換熱器41時,電池冷卻支路4內流的就是冷媒。如果設置換熱器41,那麼電池冷卻支路4內第一管道內流的是冷媒,第二管道內流的是冷卻液,車內冷卻迴路中流的就是冷媒。It can be understood that the battery cooling branch 4 may not be provided with the heat exchanger 41. When there is no heat exchanger 41, the refrigerant flowing in the battery cooling branch 4 is the refrigerant. If the heat exchanger 41 is provided, the refrigerant flows in the first pipe in the battery cooling branch 4, the coolant flows in the second pipe, and the refrigerant flows in the cooling circuit in the vehicle.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第9圖所示,電池溫度調節模組5還包括設置在流路的入口的第一溫度感測器55,設置在流路的出口的第二溫度感測器56,以及流速感測器57。可以理解,流路的入口和出口位置不是絕對的,而是根據幫浦51的轉向確定的。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 further includes a first temperature sensor 55 disposed at an inlet of the flow path, and a second temperature sensing disposed at an outlet of the flow path. The device 56, as well as the flow rate sensor 57. It will be appreciated that the inlet and outlet locations of the flow path are not absolute, but are determined based on the steering of the pump 51.
具體地,控制器可以包括電池管理控制器、電池熱管理控制器、車載空調控制器。其中,電池熱管理控制器可以與幫浦51、第一溫度感測器51、第二溫度感測器52和流速感測器57電連接,並根據媒體的比熱容、媒體的密度,獲取複數並聯電池的溫度調節實際功率P2、並控制幫浦51的轉速。電池管理控制器採集流經電池的電流、電池本身的溫度,並根據電池的目標溫度、目標時間t以及電池的比熱容C、電池的品質M、電池的內阻R,獲取溫度調節需求功率P1,以及控制車載空調控制器啟動或停止工作。車載空調控制器與壓縮機1、膨脹閥及電子閥電連接以根據電池管理控制器獲取的溫度調節需求功率P1以及電池熱管理控制器獲取的溫度調節實際功率P2控制壓縮機的功率P、膨脹閥及電子閥的開合,達到控制換熱量的目的。Specifically, the controller may include a battery management controller, a battery thermal management controller, and a vehicle air conditioning controller. The battery thermal management controller can be electrically connected to the pump 51, the first temperature sensor 51, the second temperature sensor 52, and the flow rate sensor 57, and obtain a plurality of parallels according to the specific heat capacity of the medium and the density of the medium. The temperature of the battery adjusts the actual power P2 and controls the rotational speed of the pump 51. The battery management controller collects the current flowing through the battery, the temperature of the battery itself, and obtains the temperature adjustment demand power P1 according to the target temperature of the battery, the target time t, the specific heat capacity C of the battery, the quality M of the battery, and the internal resistance R of the battery. And control the vehicle air conditioner controller to start or stop working. The vehicle air conditioner controller is electrically connected with the compressor 1, the expansion valve and the electronic valve to control the power P and the expansion of the compressor according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 obtained by the battery management controller and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 obtained by the battery thermal management controller. The opening and closing of the valve and the electronic valve achieve the purpose of controlling the amount of heat exchange.
換熱器41可以為板式換熱器,板式換熱器可以安裝在車載空調內部,使得整個製冷劑迴路均在車載空調內部,便於車載空調出廠調試,並且使車載空調可以單獨供貨和組裝,同時,車載空調在安裝程序中只需要加注一次製冷劑。The heat exchanger 41 can be a plate heat exchanger, and the plate heat exchanger can be installed inside the vehicle air conditioner, so that the entire refrigerant circuit is inside the vehicle air conditioner, which facilitates the factory debugging of the vehicle air conditioner, and enables the vehicle air conditioner to be separately supplied and assembled. At the same time, the vehicle air conditioner only needs to be refilled once in the installation procedure.
冷卻液從流路的入口流入電池6的內部,從流路的出口流出,從而實現電池6與冷卻液之間的熱交換。The coolant flows into the inside of the battery 6 from the inlet of the flow path, and flows out from the outlet of the flow path, thereby achieving heat exchange between the battery 6 and the cooling liquid.
幫浦51主要用於提供動力,介質容器52主要用於儲存冷卻液和接受向溫度調節系統添加的冷卻液,當溫度調節系統中的冷卻液減少時,介質容器52中的冷卻液可自動補充。加熱器53可以為PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient,正的溫度係數,泛指正溫度係數很大的半導體材料或元器件)加熱器,可以與控制器進行CAN(Controller Area Network,控制器區域網路)通訊,為車載電池的溫度調節系統提供加熱功率,受控制器控制。即加熱器53不直接與電池6接觸,具有較高的安全性、可靠性和實用性。The pump 51 is mainly used to provide power. The medium container 52 is mainly used for storing the coolant and receiving the coolant added to the temperature regulation system. When the coolant in the temperature regulation system is reduced, the coolant in the medium container 52 can be automatically replenished. . The heater 53 can be a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient, a semiconductor material or component having a large positive temperature coefficient), and can perform CAN (Controller Area Network) communication with the controller. Provides heating power for the on-board battery temperature regulation system, controlled by the controller. That is, the heater 53 is not directly in contact with the battery 6, and has high safety, reliability, and practicability.
第一溫度感測器55用以偵測流路入口冷卻液的溫度,第二溫度感測器56用以偵測流路出口冷卻液的溫度。流速感測器57用以偵測溫度調節系統中管道內冷卻液的流速資訊。第一電子閥33用以控制車內冷卻支路3的開通和關閉,第一膨脹閥32可用以控制車內冷卻支路3中的冷卻液流量。第二電子閥43用以控制電池冷卻支路4的開通和關閉,第二膨脹閥42可用於控制電池冷卻支路4中的冷卻液流量。每個電池6的流路入口處還設置有閥門58。控制器可以根據每個電池6對應的P1和P2通過控制閥門58分別控制流入每個電池6的冷卻液流量,從而可以精確控制每個電池6的加熱功率/製冷功率。根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率Pz,並判斷總溫度調節需求功率Pz是否與車載空調的最大製冷功率P匹配,其中,如果匹配,則控制器根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1為複數並聯的電池6進行冷卻。如果不匹配,則控制器根據空調的最大製冷功率P和複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1為複數並聯的電池6進行冷卻。The first temperature sensor 55 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path inlet, and the second temperature sensor 56 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path outlet. The flow rate sensor 57 is used to detect the flow rate information of the coolant in the pipe in the temperature regulation system. The first electronic valve 33 is used to control the opening and closing of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3, and the first expansion valve 32 can be used to control the flow rate of the coolant in the in-vehicle cooling branch 3. The second electronic valve 43 is used to control the opening and closing of the battery cooling branch 4, and the second expansion valve 42 can be used to control the flow of the coolant in the battery cooling branch 4. A valve 58 is also provided at the flow path inlet of each battery 6. The controller can control the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the batteries 6 through the control valves 58 in accordance with P1 and P2 corresponding to each of the batteries 6, so that the heating power/cooling power of each of the batteries 6 can be accurately controlled. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to generate a total temperature adjustment required power Pz according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries, and determine whether the total temperature adjustment required power Pz matches the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner. Wherein, if matched, the controller cools the battery 6 in parallel according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries. If there is no match, the controller cools the battery 6 in parallel according to the maximum cooling power P of the air conditioner and the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries.
具體地,如第9圖所示,控制器可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,即將每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1相加即可得到總溫度調節需求功率Pz。然後根據總溫度調節需求功率Pz判斷Pz是否與車載空調的最大製冷功率P匹配,即判斷Pz是否小於或等於P,如果是,則控制器根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1通過控制閥門58或者控制壓縮機1的功率對每個電池進行冷卻。而如果PZ 與車載空調的最大製冷功率P不匹配,即Pz大於P,則控制器根據空調的最大製冷功率P和每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1,通過調節閥門58的開度按比例進行冷卻液流量分配,從而可以以最大效率使每個電池6完成降溫。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the controller can calculate the total temperature adjustment required power Pz of the entire temperature adjustment system according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, that is, add the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery. The total temperature adjustment required power Pz can be obtained. Then, according to the total temperature adjustment demand power Pz, it is judged whether Pz matches the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, that is, whether Pz is less than or equal to P, and if so, the controller adjusts the required power P1 according to the temperature of each battery through the control valve 58. Or control the power of the compressor 1 to cool each battery. If P Z does not match the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, that is, Pz is greater than P, the controller adjusts the required power P1 according to the maximum cooling power P of the air conditioner and the temperature of each battery, and proportionally adjusts the opening degree of the valve 58. Coolant flow distribution is performed so that each battery 6 can be cooled down with maximum efficiency.
下面結合具體實施例描述電池溫度調節模組5如何獲取每個電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。The following describes how the battery temperature adjustment module 5 acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery 6 in conjunction with specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器可以用於分別獲取每個電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率,以及分別獲取每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率,並根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率產生每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be configured to separately acquire a first parameter when each battery is turned on, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the first parameter, and acquire each battery separately. a second parameter at the time of temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the second parameter, and adjusting the required power according to the first temperature of each battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery The temperature adjustment of each battery requires power P1.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池6開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,控制器獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ,並根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery 6 is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the controller acquires between the initial temperature and the target temperature. The first temperature difference ΔT 1 , and the first temperature adjustment required power is generated according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,控制器通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t (1), 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池6的比熱容,M為電池6的品質。Further, the controller generates the first temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t (1), where ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 6, and M is the quality of the battery 6.
第二參數為每個電池6在預設時間內的平均電流I,控制器通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2), 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池6的內阻。The second parameter is the average current I of each battery 6 within a preset time, and the controller generates a second temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2), where I is the average current, R is the internal resistance of the battery 6.
當對電池6進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池6進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery 6 is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery 6 is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器分別根據第一溫度感測器55偵測的入口溫度和第二溫度感測器56偵測的出口溫度產生第二溫度差ΔT2 ,並根據每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速感測器57偵測的流速v產生每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller generates a second temperature difference ΔT 2 according to the inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 55 and the outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 56, respectively, and according to each battery The second temperature difference ΔT 2 and the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 57 produce a temperature-regulated actual power P2 for each battery.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the actual power P2 is adjusted according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is in the flow path The specific heat capacity of the coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow path The cross-sectional area.
具體地,車輛通電後,電池管理控制器判斷車輛是否需要進行溫度調節,如果判斷車輛需要溫度調節,例如,電池6的溫度過高,則通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送開啟溫度調節功能的資訊,車載空調控制器開啟溫度調節功能後發送熱交換資訊給電池熱管理控制器,同時車載控制器控制第二電子閥43開啟,電池熱管理控制器控制幫浦51以默認轉速(如低轉速)開始工作。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the battery management controller determines whether the vehicle needs to perform temperature adjustment. If it is determined that the vehicle needs temperature adjustment, for example, the temperature of the battery 6 is too high, the information of the temperature adjustment function is sent to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication. After the vehicle air conditioner controller turns on the temperature adjustment function, the heat exchange information is sent to the battery thermal management controller, and the vehicle controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to be turned on, and the battery thermal management controller controls the pump 51 to start at the default speed (such as the low speed). jobs.
同時,電池管理控制器獲取每個電池6的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算出每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,電池管理控制器還分別獲取電池6在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)計算每個電池第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,電池管理控制器根據每個電池6的第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率計算溫度調節需求功率P1(即將電池6的溫度在目標時間內調節至目標溫度的需求功率),其中,當對電池6進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R,當對電池6進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。At the same time, the battery management controller acquires the initial temperature (ie, the current temperature) of each battery 6, the target temperature, and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to actual conditions, and The first temperature adjustment required power of each battery is calculated according to formula (1). At the same time, the battery management controller also obtains the average current I of the battery 6 for a preset time, and calculates the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the formula (2). Then, the battery management controller calculates the temperature adjustment required power P1 according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery 6 (that is, the required power of the battery 6 is adjusted to the target temperature within the target time), Here, when the battery 6 is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R, and when the battery 6 is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
並且,電池熱管理控制器分別獲取每個電池對應設置的第一溫度感測器55和第二溫度感測器56偵測溫度資訊,並分別獲取流速感測器57偵測的流速資訊,根據公式(3)分別計算出每個電池6的溫度調節實際功率P2。Moreover, the battery thermal management controller acquires the first temperature sensor 55 and the second temperature sensor 56 corresponding to each battery to detect the temperature information, and respectively obtains the flow rate information detected by the flow rate sensor 57, according to Equation (3) calculates the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of each battery 6, respectively.
最後,車載空調控制器根據每個電池6對應的溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2通過控制閥門58分別控制流入每個電池6的冷卻液流量,從而可以精確控制每個電池6的加熱功率/製冷功率。例如,如果第一電池61的溫度調節需求功率P1大於第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率P1,則控制器可以控制增大第一電池61所在迴路的閥門58的開度,減小第二電池62所在迴路的閥門58的開度。Finally, the vehicle air conditioner controller controls the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the batteries 6 through the control valve 58 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 corresponding to each battery 6, so that the heating of each battery 6 can be accurately controlled. Power / cooling power. For example, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the first battery 61 is greater than the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the second battery 62, the controller may control to increase the opening degree of the valve 58 of the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located, and reduce the second battery. 62 The opening of the valve 58 of the circuit in which it is located.
而如果電池6的溫度較低,車載空調控制器控制第二電子閥43關閉,電池熱管理控制器控制加熱器53啟動,且電池熱管理控制器根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2控制加熱器53的加熱功率,以在目標時間t內將電池6的溫度升高至目標溫度,防止溫度過高影響電池6的工作性能。由此,可以確保在目標時間內根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,從而在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節。If the temperature of the battery 6 is low, the vehicle air conditioner controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to be turned off, the battery thermal management controller controls the heater 53 to be activated, and the battery thermal management controller adjusts the required power P1 and the temperature to adjust the actual power P2 according to the temperature. The heating power of the heater 53 is controlled to raise the temperature of the battery 6 to the target temperature within the target time t, preventing the excessive temperature from affecting the performance of the battery 6. Thereby, it is possible to ensure that the heating power and the cooling power of each battery are accurately controlled according to the actual state of each battery in the target time, thereby adjusting the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low.
具體而言,由上述實施例可知,溫度調節需求功率P1由兩部分組成,以第一電池61為例,當第一電池61需要冷卻時,第一電池61初始溫度為45℃,目標溫度為35℃,則電池從45℃下降到35℃需要散發的熱量是固定,通過公式(1)即ΔT1 *C*M/t直接計算可以獲得。同時,第一電池61在冷卻程序中,存在放電和充電程序,此程序會產生熱量,這部分的熱量也可以通過偵測第一電池的平均電流I直接獲得,通過公式(3)即I2 *R,直接計算出當前第一電池61的發熱功率,即第二溫度調節需求功率。本發明的冷卻完成時間是基於目標時間t設定的(t可以根據使用者需求或者是車輛實際設計情況改變)。在確定了冷卻完成所需要的目標時間t後,就可以預估出當前第一電池61冷卻需要的溫度調節需求功率P1,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R。而如果是加熱功能啟動,則溫度調節需求功率P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R,即在第一電池61在加熱程序中,第一電池61的放電或者充電電流越大,所需要的加熱功率即溫度調節需求功率P1越小。Specifically, it can be seen from the above embodiment that the temperature adjustment required power P1 is composed of two parts. Taking the first battery 61 as an example, when the first battery 61 needs to be cooled, the initial temperature of the first battery 61 is 45 ° C, and the target temperature is At 35 ° C, the heat required to dissipate the battery from 45 ° C to 35 ° C is fixed and can be directly calculated by the formula (1), ΔT 1 *C*M/t. At the same time, the first battery 61 has a discharge and charging procedure in the cooling process, and the program generates heat. This part of the heat can also be directly obtained by detecting the average current I of the first battery, by formula (3), ie, I 2 . *R, directly calculate the heating power of the current first battery 61, that is, the second temperature adjustment required power. The cooling completion time of the present invention is set based on the target time t (t can be changed according to user needs or the actual design of the vehicle). After determining the target time t required for the completion of the cooling, it is possible to estimate the temperature adjustment required power P1 required for the cooling of the first battery 61, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R. On the other hand, if the heating function is activated, the temperature adjustment required power P1=ΔT 1 *C*M/tI 2 *R, that is, in the heating process of the first battery 61, the discharge or charging current of the first battery 61 is larger. The required heating power, that is, the temperature adjustment required power P1 is smaller.
由於電第一電池61的放電或者是充電電流是變化的,所以I2 *R是變化的,因此為了更好的確保冷卻時間的準確性,冷卻功率也要隨著第一電池61當前的平均放電或者是充電電流的變化而變化。如果車載空調同時給第一電池61和車廂冷卻,那麼當第一電池61的放電電流較小的時候,I2 *R就會減小,此時可以分配更多的製冷功率給到車廂,使得車廂較快的達到設定氣溫。同時,當第一電池61的放電或者充電電流較大時,I2 *R就會較大,此時車載空調可以分配更多的製冷功率給到第一電池61。通過這樣的調節,使得電池冷卻所需時間始終準確,同時又可以更高效的合理利用車載空調的製冷功率,而不必配置冷卻功率較大的車載空調,造成製冷功率的浪費。Since the discharge of the electric first battery 61 or the charging current is varied, I 2 *R is varied, so in order to better ensure the accuracy of the cooling time, the cooling power also depends on the current average of the first battery 61. The discharge changes or changes in the charging current. If the vehicle air conditioner simultaneously cools the first battery 61 and the cabin, when the discharge current of the first battery 61 is small, the I 2 *R is reduced, and at this time, more cooling power can be distributed to the passenger compartment, so that The cabin reaches the set temperature faster. Meanwhile, when the discharge or charging current of the first battery 61 is large, I 2 *R is large, and at this time, the vehicle air conditioner can allocate more cooling power to the first battery 61. Through such adjustment, the time required for cooling the battery is always accurate, and at the same time, the cooling power of the vehicle air conditioner can be utilized more efficiently, without having to configure the vehicle air conditioner with a large cooling power, resulting in waste of cooling power.
電池冷卻時間受冷卻效率的影響,由於冷卻效率受外部環境溫度和電池當前溫度的影響,在第一電池61冷卻的程序中,溫度調節系統的效率也是不斷變化的,所以冷卻效率不可能是100%,因此只根據P1是無法準確調節第一電池61的冷卻的時間的,有必要偵測第一電池61的溫度調節實際功率P2。在本發明中,第一電池62的溫度調節實際功率P2可以通過公式(3)即ΔT2*c*m計算得出。P2也可以通過電池實際冷卻功率,也就可以通過公式(4)即ΔT3*C*m1計算得出,其中ΔT3為第一電池61在某一時間段內的溫度變化,C為第一電池61的比熱容,m1為第一電池61品質。但由於一般電池的品質較大,所以單位時間內溫度變化不明顯,需要較長時間才可以偵測出溫差,所以一般按照公式(3)計算溫度調節實際功率P2。The cooling time of the battery is affected by the cooling efficiency. Since the cooling efficiency is affected by the external ambient temperature and the current temperature of the battery, in the process of cooling the first battery 61, the efficiency of the temperature regulating system is also constantly changing, so the cooling efficiency cannot be 100. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the first battery 61 only based on the fact that P1 cannot accurately adjust the cooling time of the first battery 61. In the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the first battery 62 can be calculated by the formula (3), that is, ΔT2*c*m. P2 can also be actually cooled by the battery, which can be calculated by the formula (4), that is, ΔT3*C*m1, where ΔT3 is the temperature change of the first battery 61 in a certain period of time, and C is the first battery 61. The specific heat capacity, m1 is the quality of the first battery 61. However, since the quality of the general battery is large, the temperature change per unit time is not obvious, and it takes a long time to detect the temperature difference, so the actual temperature P2 is generally calculated according to the formula (3).
當第二電池62需要進行溫度調節時,其溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2獲取方式與上述的第一電池61的原理相同,此處不再贅述。When the second battery 62 needs to be temperature-adjusted, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature-regulated actual power P2 are acquired in the same manner as the first battery 61 described above, and are not described herein again.
受冷卻效率的影響,溫度調節實際功率P2很難完全等於溫度調節需求功率P1,為了使得每個電池6的冷卻目標時間t更準確,需要即時根據溫度調節需求功率P1與溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差值進行調節,以確保電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1與電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相等。Due to the cooling efficiency, the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is hardly equal to the temperature adjustment demand power P1. In order to make the cooling target time t of each battery 6 more accurate, it is necessary to adjust the required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the temperature. The power difference between them is adjusted to ensure that the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery.
下面將結合具體地實施例描述如何根據每個電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池6的溫度進行調節。How to adjust the temperature of each battery 6 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery 6 will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於偵測複數並聯的電池的溫度,並在複數並聯的電池6中有至少一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以及在複數並聯電池6中有至少一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to detect a temperature of the plurality of parallel batteries, and control the temperature adjustment system to enter when the temperature of at least one of the plurality of parallel batteries 6 is greater than the first temperature threshold. The cooling mode, and when the temperature of at least one of the plurality of parallel batteries 6 is less than the second temperature threshold, controls the temperature adjustment system to enter the heating mode. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,電池管理控制器即時偵測每個電池6的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中某個電池6的溫度高於40℃,說明此時該電池6的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池6的性能產生影響,需要對該電池6進行降溫處理,電池管理控制器控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給車載空調控制器,車載空調控制器在接收到電池冷卻功能啟動資訊後控制第二電子閥43開啟,以使冷卻液與電池6進行熱交換以降低該電池6的溫度。如第9圖所示,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式時,第一電池61所在迴路中對應的第一管道和第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向分別為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—第二電子閥43—第二膨脹閥42—換熱器41—壓縮機1;介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53(關閉)—幫浦51—閥門58—第一溫度感測器55—第一電池61—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52,如此迴圈,在換熱器41處換熱,實現第一電池61的降溫。第二電池62所在迴路中第一管道和第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向分別為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—第二電子閥43—第二膨脹閥42—換熱器41—壓縮機1;介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53(關閉)—幫浦51—閥門58—第一溫度感測器55—第二電池62—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52,如此迴圈,在換熱器41處換熱,實現第二電池62的降溫。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the battery management controller instantly detects the temperature of each battery 6 and makes a determination. If the temperature of one of the batteries 6 is higher than 40 ° C, the temperature of the battery 6 is too high at this time, in order to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery 6, the battery 6 needs to be cooled, and the battery management controller controls The temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, and sends a battery cooling function startup information to the vehicle air conditioner controller, and the vehicle air conditioner controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to open after receiving the battery cooling function activation information, so that the coolant and the battery 6 are heated. Exchange to lower the temperature of the battery 6. As shown in FIG. 9, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode, the flow directions of the coolants in the corresponding first pipe and the second pipe in the circuit where the first battery 61 is located are: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - Second electronic valve 43 - second expansion valve 42 - heat exchanger 41 - compressor 1; medium container 52 - heat exchanger 41 - heater 53 (closed) - pump 51 - valve 58 - first temperature sensor 55—First Battery 61—Second Temperature Sensor 56—Flow Sense Sensor 57—The media container 52, thus looped, exchanges heat at the heat exchanger 41 to effect cooling of the first battery 61. The flow directions of the coolant in the first pipe and the second pipe in the circuit where the second battery 62 is located are: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - second electronic valve 43 - second expansion valve 42 - heat exchanger 41 - compressor 1; medium container 52 - heat exchanger 41 - heater 53 (off) - pump 51 - valve 58 - first temperature sensor 55 - second battery 62 - second temperature sensor 56 - flow rate sensor 57 - The medium container 52 is circulated in such a manner that heat is exchanged at the heat exchanger 41 to achieve temperature reduction of the second battery 62.
而如果某個電池6的溫度低於0℃,說明此時該電池6的溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池6的性能產生影響,需要對該電池6進行升溫處理,電池管理控制器控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式,並發送電池加熱功能啟動資訊至車載空調控制器。車載空調控制器在接收到電池加熱功能啟動資訊後控制第二電子閥43關閉,並且電池熱管理控制器控制加熱器53開啟,以為溫度調節系統提供加熱功率。當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,第一電池61和第二電池62中冷卻液的流動方向分別為:介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53(開啟)—幫浦51—閥門58-第一溫度感測器55—第一電池61—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52;介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53(開啟)—幫浦51—第一溫度感測器55—第二電池62—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52,如此迴圈,實現電池6的升溫。可以理解,通過調節閥門58的開度可以調節流入每個電池6的冷卻液流量,從而調節每個電池的加熱/冷卻功率。If the temperature of a certain battery 6 is lower than 0 ° C, the temperature of the battery 6 is too low at this time, in order to avoid the influence of the low temperature on the performance of the battery 6, the battery 6 needs to be warmed up, and the battery management controller controls The temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode and sends a battery heating function to start the information to the vehicle air conditioner controller. The vehicle air conditioner controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to be turned off after receiving the battery heating function activation information, and the battery thermal management controller controls the heater 53 to be turned on to provide heating power to the temperature regulation system. When the temperature adjustment system operates in the heating mode, the flow directions of the coolant in the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 are respectively: the medium container 52 - the heat exchanger 41 - the heater 53 (open) - the pump 51 - the valve 58 - first temperature sensor 55 - first battery 61 - second temperature sensor 56 - flow rate sensor 57 - medium container 52; medium container 52 - heat exchanger 41 - heater 53 (on) - pump 51—First Temperature Sensor 55—Second Battery 62—Second Temperature Sensor 56—Flow Rate Sensor 57—Media Container 52, thus looping, to achieve temperature rise of battery 6. It will be appreciated that by adjusting the opening of the valve 58, the flow of coolant into each of the cells 6 can be adjusted to adjust the heating/cooling power of each battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式時,控制器在某個電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於該電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池6的壓縮機的功率,或者增加電池6的冷卻液流量,以增加電池6的冷卻功率,以及在某個電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的冷卻液流量,以減少電池6的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment requirement of the battery when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the certain battery 6 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 corresponding to the battery. The power difference between the power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 increases the power of the compressor for cooling the battery 6 according to the power difference, or increases the coolant flow rate of the battery 6, to increase the cooling power of the battery 6, and at some When the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery 6 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power of the compressor is reduced or the power of the compressor is kept constant, or the cooling liquid flow of the battery is adjusted to reduce the cooling power of the battery 6. .
具體地,如果電池6為複數個且並聯連接時,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式時,電池管理控制器獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1,電池熱管理控制器獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,車載空調控制器根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2進行判斷。如果其中某一電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,說明如果按照當前的冷卻功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池6的降溫,所以,車載空調控制器獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機1的功率,或者增加該電池的冷卻液流量,即增加第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2的功率差越大,壓縮機1的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果其中某一電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,車載空調控制器可以保持壓縮機1的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機1的功率,或者減少該電池的冷卻液流量,即減小第二膨脹閥42的開度,以減少電池的冷卻功率。當所有電池6的溫度低於35℃時,則電池6冷卻完成,電池管理控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,車載空調控制器控制第二電子閥43關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池6的溫度高於35℃,則再適當增加電池的冷卻功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, if the battery 6 is plural and connected in parallel, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode, the battery management controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery, and the battery thermal management controller acquires the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The vehicle air conditioner controller judges according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of one of the batteries 6 is greater than the actual temperature adjustment power P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery 6 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the vehicle air conditioner controller obtains The temperature of the battery adjusts the power difference between the required power P1 and the temperature adjusted actual power P2, and increases the power of the compressor 1 according to the power difference, or increases the coolant flow rate of the battery, that is, increases the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42. To increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the greater the power difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the more the power of the compressor 1 and the coolant flow rate of the battery increase, so that the temperature of the battery It is lowered to the target temperature within the preset time t. And if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of one of the batteries 6 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the vehicle air conditioner controller can keep the power of the compressor 1 constant or appropriately reduce the power of the compressor 1, or reduce the battery. The coolant flow rate, that is, the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42, is reduced to reduce the cooling power of the battery. When the temperature of all the batteries 6 is lower than 35 ° C, the battery 6 is cooled, the battery management controller transmits information for turning off the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the vehicle air conditioner controller controls the second electronic valve 43 to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery 6 is higher than 35 ° C, the cooling power of the battery is appropriately increased to allow the battery to complete the cooling as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,控制器在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器53的功率,或者調節增加電池的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的加熱功率,以及在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小的功率,或保持加熱器53的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the heating mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment of the battery when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2. The power difference between the actual power P2, and the power of the heater 53 for heating the battery is increased according to the power difference, or the coolant flow rate of the battery is increased to increase the heating power of the battery, and the temperature adjustment requirement of a certain battery. When the power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power is reduced, or the power of the heater 53 is kept constant, or the cooling liquid flow of the battery is adjusted to reduce the heating power of the battery.
具體地,如果電池為複數個且並聯連接時,當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時電池管理控制器獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1,電池熱管理控制器獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。如果其中某一電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池6的升溫,所以,電池熱管理控制器獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池6的加熱器53的功率,或者調節增加電池的冷卻液流量,例如可以增加幫浦51的轉速,以使該電池可以在目標時間內完成溫度調節。其中,溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2的差值越大,加熱器53的功率和該電池迴路的冷卻液流量增加的越多。而如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,控制器可以適當減小加熱器53的功率,或保持加熱器53的功率不變,或者調節減少該電池迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少該電池的加熱功率。當所有電池6的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池6加熱完成,電池管理控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,電池熱管理控制器控制加熱器53關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池6的溫度低於10℃,則電池熱管理控制器可以再適當增加加熱器53的功率和幫浦51的轉速,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, if the battery is plural and connected in parallel, the battery management controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery when the temperature adjustment system operates in the heating mode, and the battery thermal management controller acquires the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of one of the batteries 6 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it means that if the temperature of the battery 6 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the battery thermal management controller Obtaining a power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery, and increasing the power of the heater 53 for heating the battery 6 according to the power difference, or adjusting the coolant flow rate of the battery, for example, the rotation speed of the pump 51 can be increased, so that The battery can be temperature adjusted within the target time. Wherein, the greater the difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the more the power of the heater 53 and the coolant flow rate of the battery circuit increase. And if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the controller may appropriately reduce the power of the heater 53, or keep the power of the heater 53 unchanged, or adjust to reduce the cooling of the battery circuit. Liquid flow to reduce the heating power of the battery. When the temperature of all the batteries 6 is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery 6 is heated, the battery management controller sends the information of the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the battery thermal management controller controls the heater 53 to be turned off. . If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery 6 is still lower than 10 ° C, the battery thermal management controller can appropriately increase the power of the heater 53 and the rotation speed of the pump 51. In order to complete the temperature rise of the battery as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,降低幫浦51的轉速,並在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,提高幫浦51的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the rotation speed of the pump 51 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, and adjust the temperature requirement of a certain battery. When the power P1 is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果某個電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1小於溫度調節實際功率P2,控制器控制幫浦51的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果某個電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,控制器除控制加熱器53、壓縮機1的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還控制幫浦51的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高該電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery 6 is smaller than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the controller controls the rotation speed of the pump 51 to be reduced to save electric energy. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of a certain battery 6 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the controller controls the pump 51 in addition to controlling the power of the heater 53, the compressor 1, or the coolant flow rate of the circuit in which the battery is located. The increase of the rotational speed can increase the quality of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the cooling flow path per unit time, thereby increasing the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery to achieve temperature adjustment within the target time t.
如果單個壓縮機1無法滿足冷卻複數電池6時所需的功率,則可設置複數壓縮機1為電池6提供冷卻功率。如在大巴車上,通常有4個壓縮機,此時可以將這4個壓縮機都用於為電池6提供冷卻功率。If the single compressor 1 cannot meet the power required to cool the plurality of batteries 6, the plurality of compressors 1 can be provided to provide cooling power to the battery 6. For example, on a bus, there are usually four compressors, and all four compressors can be used to provide cooling power to the battery 6.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如果用於為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機1為複數個,控制器還用於根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量,並在溫度調節系統為冷卻模式時,控制相應數量的壓縮機1啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, if there are a plurality of compressors 1 for supplying a refrigerant to a battery, the controller is further configured to adjust the required power P1 according to the temperature of each battery and the maximum cooling power P of each compressor. The number of compressors started, and when the temperature regulation system is in the cooling mode, controls the corresponding number of compressors 1 to start.
進一步地,控制器可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率Pz,控制器在判斷總溫度調節需求功率Pz大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P時,控制複數壓縮機1同時啟動。Further, the controller may generate the total temperature adjustment required power Pz according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, and the controller controls the plurality of compressors 1 when determining that the total temperature adjustment required power Pz is greater than the maximum cooling power P of the single compressor Start at the same time.
舉例而言,當為複數電池6提供製冷劑的壓縮機1為2個,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6的P1,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz。如果Pz小於等於單個壓縮機1的最大製冷功率,那麼控制器控制一壓縮機1啟動即可。而如果Pz大於單個壓縮機1的最大製冷功率,那麼控制器控制兩個壓縮機1同時啟動工作,以滿足電池6的降溫製冷功率需求。For example, when there are two compressors 1 that supply refrigerant to the plurality of batteries 6, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 of each battery 6 and adds P1 of each battery. The total temperature regulation required power Pz of the entire temperature regulation system is calculated. If Pz is less than or equal to the maximum cooling power of the single compressor 1, the controller controls a compressor 1 to be started. And if Pz is greater than the maximum cooling power of the single compressor 1, the controller controls the two compressors 1 to simultaneously start operation to meet the cooling and cooling power demand of the battery 6.
為使本領域技術人員更清楚地理解本發明,下面結合具體地實施例描述第9圖所示的車載電池的溫度調節系統的工作程序。In order to make the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the working procedure of the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery shown in FIG. 9 will be described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment.
電池6包括第一電池61和第二電池62,Pz=P11+P12,P11為第一電池61的溫度調節需求功率,P12為第二電池62溫度調節的需求功率,Pz為第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率之和(總溫度調節需求功率Pz)。Pf=P21+P22,P21為電池61的溫度調節實際功率,P22為電池62的溫度調節實際功率,Pf為第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率之和。The battery 6 includes a first battery 61 and a second battery 62, Pz=P11+P12, P11 is the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery 61, P12 is the required power for the temperature adjustment of the second battery 62, and Pz is the first battery 61 and The temperature of the second battery 62 is adjusted to the sum of the required power (total temperature adjustment demand power Pz). Pf=P21+P22, P21 is the temperature-adjusted actual power of the battery 61, P22 is the temperature-adjusted actual power of the battery 62, and Pf is the sum of the temperature-regulated actual powers of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62.
當某個電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時(例如40℃),車載電池的溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式,如果總溫度調節需求功率Pz與車內冷卻需求功率P4的和小於壓縮機最大製冷功率P,即Pz+P4≤P,則控制壓縮機1按照Pz+P4製冷功率運行。可以理解,該情況下Pz<P,P4<P。When the temperature of a battery is greater than the first temperature threshold (for example, 40 ° C), the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery operates in the cooling mode, if the sum of the total temperature adjustment demand power Pz and the interior cooling demand power P4 is less than the maximum compressor The cooling power P, that is, Pz + P4 ≤ P, controls the compressor 1 to operate in accordance with the Pz + P4 cooling power. It can be understood that Pz<P, P4<P in this case.
如果Pz+P4>P,則判斷第一電池61或者第二電池62的溫度是否大於45℃,如果大於45℃,則優先為電池冷卻提供冷卻功率,控制器控制壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率P運行,電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率為Pz,車內冷卻支路3的冷卻功率等於P-Pz。If Pz+P4>P, it is judged whether the temperature of the first battery 61 or the second battery 62 is greater than 45° C., if it is greater than 45° C., the cooling power is preferentially provided for battery cooling, and the controller controls the compressor 1 according to the maximum cooling power P. In operation, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch 4 is Pz, and the cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 is equal to P-Pz.
如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率P運行,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率等於P-P4。第一電池61冷卻支路和第二電池62冷卻支路按照比例縮小冷卻功率。比例可以為:(P-P4)/(P11+P12)。如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻功率。If it is determined that the battery temperature is not greater than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the interior of the vehicle, the compressor 1 is operated according to the maximum cooling power P, and the cooling power of the cooling branch of the vehicle is P4, the battery The cooling power of the cooling branch is equal to P-P4. The first battery 61 cooling branch and the second battery 62 cooling branch scale down the cooling power. The ratio can be: (P-P4) / (P11 + P12). If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied.
第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率的和為Pf,當Pz>Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)。如果Pz+P4+Pc≤P,則壓縮機需要增大的製冷功率為Pc,增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,提高幫浦51的轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。The sum of the temperature-regulated actual powers of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 is Pf, and when Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pz-Pf). If Pz + P4 + Pc ≤ P, the compressor needs to increase the cooling power to Pc, increase the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42, and increase the rotation speed of the pump 51. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
如果Pz+P4+Pc>P(且Pz+Pc≤P),則進行如下判斷: 判斷第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度是否大於45℃。如果大於45℃,則優先為電池冷卻提供冷卻功率,壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,同時提高幫浦51的轉速,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率增加Pc,車內冷卻支路功率減少Pc。如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。If Pz+P4+Pc>P (and Pz+Pc≤P), the following determination is made: It is judged whether the temperatures of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 are greater than 45 °C. If it is greater than 45 ° C, the cooling power is preferentially provided for battery cooling, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power, and the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by Pc, and the cooling power of the vehicle is reduced by Pc. If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
如果電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行,提高幫浦51的轉速,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率等於P-P4。第一電池61冷卻支路和第二電池62冷卻支路按照比例縮小冷卻功率。比例可以為:(P-P4)/(P11+P12)。第一電池61的冷卻功率為P11*(P-P4)/(P11+P12),第二電池62的冷卻功率為P12*(P-P4)/(P11+P12)。If the battery temperature is not more than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P, the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased, and the cooling of the cooling branch in the vehicle is performed. The power is P4, and the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is equal to P-P4. The first battery 61 cooling branch and the second battery 62 cooling branch scale down the cooling power. The ratio can be: (P-P4) / (P11 + P12). The cooling power of the first battery 61 is P11*(P-P4)/(P11+P12), and the cooling power of the second battery 62 is P12*(P-P4)/(P11+P12).
如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻功率,壓縮機以最大功率P運行,增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,提高幫浦51轉速,使得電池冷卻分支迴路冷卻功率增加Pc。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied, the compressor operates at the maximum power P, the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 is increased, and the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch circuit is increased. Pc. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
當Pz≤Pf時,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pf-Pz)時,則維持壓縮機製冷功率不變,或者降低壓縮機的製冷功率,或者減少第二膨脹閥42的開度,或者降低幫浦51的轉速。如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。When Pz ≤ Pf, when the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc = Pf - Pz), the compressor cooling power is maintained, or the cooling power of the compressor is lowered, or the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 is decreased, or Reduce the speed of the pump 51. If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
當用於為電池提供製冷功率的壓縮機1為複數個,複數壓縮機的最大製冷功率的和為P5,那麼,電池冷卻功率調節可以為: (1)當Pz>Pf時,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf),如果Pz+P4+Pc≤P5,則壓縮機需要增大的製冷功率為Pc,增大第二膨脹閥開度,提高幫浦轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得電池62的冷卻功率減少。When the compressor 1 for supplying cooling power to the battery is plural, and the sum of the maximum cooling powers of the plurality of compressors is P5, the battery cooling power adjustment may be: (1) When Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is required. For Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf), if Pz+P4+Pc≤P5, the compressor needs to increase the cooling power to Pc, increase the opening of the second expansion valve, and increase the pump speed. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the battery 62 is reduced.
如果Pz+P4+Pc>P5(且Pz+Pc≤P5),則進行如下判斷: 判斷電池溫度是否大於45℃。如果大於45℃,則優先為電池冷卻提供冷卻功率,壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,同時提高水幫浦的轉速,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率增加Pc,車內冷卻支路功率減少Pc。If Pz+P4+Pc>P5 (and Pz+Pc≤P5), the following judgment is made: It is judged whether the battery temperature is greater than 45 °C. If it is greater than 45 ° C, the cooling power is preferentially provided for battery cooling, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power, and the rotation speed of the water pump is increased, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by Pc, and the power of the cooling branch of the vehicle is decreased by Pc.
如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
如果電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,所有壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,提高水幫浦轉速,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率=P5-P4。第一電池61冷卻支路和第二電池62冷卻支路按照比例縮小冷卻功率。比例可以為:(P5-P4)/(P11+P12)。第一電池61的冷卻功率為P11*(P5-P4)/(P11+P12),第二電池62的冷卻功率為P12*(P5-P4)/(P11+P12)。If the battery temperature is not more than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the car has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle. All the compressors are operated according to the maximum cooling power, and the water pump speed is increased, and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle is increased. For P4, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch = P5-P4. The first battery 61 cooling branch and the second battery 62 cooling branch scale down the cooling power. The ratio can be: (P5-P4) / (P11 + P12). The cooling power of the first battery 61 is P11*(P5-P4)/(P11+P12), and the cooling power of the second battery 62 is P12*(P5-P4)/(P11+P12).
如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻功率,所有壓縮機以最大功率運行,增大第二膨脹閥開度,提高水幫浦轉速,使得電池冷卻分支迴路冷卻功率增加Pc。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得電池62的冷卻功率減少。If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied, all the compressors are operated at the maximum power, the opening degree of the second expansion valve is increased, and the water pump speed is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch circuit is increased by Pc. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the battery 62 is reduced.
(2)當Pz≤Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pf-Pz)時,則維持壓縮機製冷功率不變,或者降低壓縮機的製冷功率,或者減少第二膨脹閥42的開度,或者降低幫浦51的轉速。如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。(2) When Pz ≤ Pf, and the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc = Pf - Pz), the compressor cooling power is maintained, or the cooling power of the compressor is lowered, or the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 is decreased. , or reduce the speed of the pump 51. If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
當車載電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值(例如0℃),當車載電池的溫度調節系統工作的加熱模式,如果Pz>Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)時,加熱器53的加熱功率增加Pc,提高幫浦51的轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的加熱功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的加熱功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的加熱功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的加熱功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池62的加熱功率減少。When the temperature of the vehicle battery is less than the second temperature threshold (for example, 0 ° C), when the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle battery operates in the heating mode, if Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pz-Pf), heating The heating power of the unit 53 is increased by Pc to increase the rotational speed of the pump 51. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the heating power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the heating power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the heating power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the heating power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the heating power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
如果Pz≤Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)時,加熱器的功率保持不變,或者減少加熱功率Pc,或者降低幫浦轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一池61的加熱功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的加熱功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的加熱功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得電池62的加熱功率減少。If Pz ≤ Pf, and the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc = Pz - Pf), the power of the heater remains unchanged, or the heating power Pc is reduced, or the pump rotation speed is lowered. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the heating power of the first pool 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the heating power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the heating power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the heating power of the battery 62 is reduced.
為使第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度保持均衡,可以進行如下處理: 在進行電池冷卻程序中,如果第一電池61的溫度T61和第二電池62的溫度T62之間的電池溫度差異超過3℃,該溫度值為預設值,即如果T61-T62>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制第一電池61冷卻支路中的調節閥58開度增加,控制第二電池62冷卻支路中的調節閥58的開度減少,以便使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加,第二電池62的冷卻功率減少,從而實現第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度均衡。而如果T62-T61>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制第二電池62冷卻支路中的調節閥58開度增加,控制第一電池61冷卻支路中的調節閥58的開度減少,以便使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加,第一電池61的冷卻功率減少,從而實現第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度均衡。In order to balance the temperatures of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62, the following processing may be performed: In the battery cooling process, if the battery temperature difference between the temperature T61 of the first battery 61 and the temperature T62 of the second battery 62 is different Above 3 ° C, the temperature value is a preset value, that is, if T61-T62>3 ° C, the battery thermal management controller controls the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 in the cooling branch of the first battery 61 to increase, and controls the second battery 62 to cool. The opening degree of the regulating valve 58 in the branch is reduced to increase the cooling power of the first battery 61, and the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62. And if T62-T61>3° C., the battery thermal management controller controls the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 in the cooling branch of the second battery 62 to increase, and controls the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 in the cooling branch of the first battery 61 to decrease, In order to increase the cooling power of the second battery 62, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62.
在進行電池加熱程序中,如第一電池61和第二電池62之間的電池溫度差異超過3℃,即如果T61-T62>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制電池61冷卻支路中的調節閥58開度減小,控制電池62冷卻支路中的調節閥58的開度增大,以便使得第一電池61的加熱功率減少,第二電池62的加熱功率增加,從而實現第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度均衡。如果T62-T61>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制電池62冷卻支路中的調節閥58開度減小,控制電池61冷卻支路中的調節閥58的開度增大,以便使得第一電池61的加熱功率增加,第二電池62的加熱功率減小,從而實現第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度均衡。In the battery heating process, if the battery temperature difference between the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 exceeds 3 ° C, that is, if T61-T62 > 3 ° C, the battery thermal management controller controls the battery 61 in the cooling branch The opening degree of the regulating valve 58 is decreased, and the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 in the cooling branch of the control battery 62 is increased to reduce the heating power of the first battery 61, and the heating power of the second battery 62 is increased, thereby realizing the first battery. The temperature of 61 and second battery 62 is equalized. If T62-T61>3°C, the battery thermal management controller controls the opening of the regulating valve 58 in the cooling branch of the battery 62 to decrease, and controls the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 in the cooling branch of the battery 61 to increase The heating power of one battery 61 is increased, and the heating power of the second battery 62 is decreased, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統,通過電池溫度調節模組獲獲取複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,並分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節。由此,該系統可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。According to the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power of the plurality of parallel batteries are obtained through the battery temperature adjustment module, and the required power and temperature are respectively adjusted according to the temperature of the plurality of parallel batteries. Adjusting the actual power adjusts the temperature of the battery in parallel. Therefore, the system can precisely control the heating power and cooling power of each battery according to the actual state of each battery, and adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained at a preset range. To avoid the situation where the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by temperature.
第10圖是根據本發明第六個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖。其中,車載電池包括複數並聯的電池,如第10圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節方法包括以下步驟: s1,分別獲取複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。Fig. 10 is a flow chart showing a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle battery includes a plurality of batteries connected in parallel. As shown in FIG. 10, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery includes the following steps: s1, respectively obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,分別獲取複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1具體包括:分別獲取每個電池的開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。分別獲取每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率。根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率分別產生每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries includes: acquiring the first parameter when the opening temperature of each battery is separately adjusted, and generating each battery according to the first parameter. The first temperature regulates the required power. A second parameter of each battery during temperature adjustment is separately obtained, and a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery is generated according to the second parameter. The temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is generated according to the first temperature adjustment required power of each battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery, respectively.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間t,根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 。根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率P1。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first parameter is generated according to the first parameter. A temperature adjustment required power specifically includes: obtaining a first temperature difference ΔT 1 between the initial temperature and the target temperature. The first temperature adjustment required power P1 is generated based on the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t, (1) 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t, (1) where ΔT 1 is between the initial temperature and the target temperature The first temperature difference, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,第二參數為每個電池電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,通過以下公式(2)產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2) 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is the average current I of each battery cell for a preset time, and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery is generated by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, ( 2) where I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
s2,分別獲取複數並聯的電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。S2, respectively obtaining the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the plurality of parallel batteries.
根據本發明的一個實施例,分別獲取複數並聯的電池的溫度調節實際功率P2具體包括:獲取用於調節每個電池溫度的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取冷卻液流入流路的流速v。根據每個電池的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度產生第二溫度差ΔT2 。根據每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速v產生溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively obtaining the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the plurality of parallel batteries includes: obtaining an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting each battery temperature, and obtaining a flow rate of the coolant inflow path v. A second temperature difference ΔT 2 is generated according to the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the flow path of each battery. The temperature adjustment actual power P2 is generated according to the second temperature difference ΔT 2 and the flow rate v of each battery.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,進根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is the flow path The specific heat capacity of the medium coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow The cross-sectional area of the road.
s3,分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節。S3, adjusting the temperature of the plurality of parallel batteries according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the plurality of parallel batteries.
根據本發明的一個實施例,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池溫度調節模組進行控制以在目標時間t內對所電池的溫度進行調節,以達到目標溫度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery temperature adjustment module is controlled to adjust the temperature of the battery to achieve the target temperature within the target time t according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
具體地,車輛通電後,判斷電池是否需要進行溫度調節,如果判斷需要,則分別獲取每個電池的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算分別出第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,分別獲取每個電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)分別計算每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,分別根據每個電池第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率,分別計算每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1(即將電池的溫度調節至目標溫度的需求功率)。並且,分別獲取每個電池的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取流流速資訊,根據公式(3)分別計算出每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。最後,分別根據每個電池的P1和P2對電池進行溫度調節。由此,該控制方法可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, it is determined whether the battery needs to be temperature-regulated, and if it is determined, the initial temperature (ie, the current temperature) of each battery, the target temperature, and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature are respectively acquired, wherein the target The temperature and the target time t can be preset according to actual conditions, and the first temperature adjustment required power is calculated according to formula (1). At the same time, the average current I of each battery in a preset time is respectively obtained, and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery is separately calculated according to formula (2). Then, according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery, respectively, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery (that is, the required power of the battery is adjusted to the target temperature) is calculated. And, respectively, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of each battery are obtained, and the flow velocity information is obtained, and the actual temperature adjustment power P2 of each battery is calculated according to formula (3). Finally, the temperature of the battery is adjusted according to P1 and P2 of each battery, respectively. Therefore, the control method can accurately control the heating power and the cooling power of each battery according to the actual state of each battery, and adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained at a preset. Scope to avoid the situation where the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by temperature.
下面結合具體實施例描述如何根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節。How to adjust the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
當車載電池包括複數並聯的電池時,根據本發明的一個實施例,如第8圖所示,分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對電池的溫度進行調節還可以包括:根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率Pz。判斷總溫度調節需求功率Pz是否與車載空調的最大製冷功率P匹配。如果匹配,則根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1為複數並聯的電池進行冷卻。如果不匹配,則根據空調的最大製冷功率P和複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1為複數並聯的電池進行冷卻。When the vehicle battery includes a plurality of parallel batteries, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 8, the battery temperature adjustment module is respectively performed according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the plurality of parallel batteries. Controlling to adjust the temperature of the battery may further include: generating a total temperature adjustment required power Pz according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries. It is judged whether the total temperature adjustment required power Pz matches the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner. If they match, the battery is adjusted in accordance with the temperature regulation demand power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries for a plurality of parallel batteries. If they do not match, the battery is cooled in accordance with the maximum cooling power P of the air conditioner and the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries.
具體地,可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,即將每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1相加即可得到總溫度調節需求功率Pz。然後根據總溫度調節需求功率Pz,判斷Pz是否與車載空調的最大製冷功率P匹配,即判斷Pz是否小於或等於P,如果是,則根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1通過控制流入每個電池的冷卻液流量以及控制壓縮機的功率對每個電池進行冷卻。而如果Pz與車載空調的最大製冷功率P不匹配,即Pz大於P,則控制器根據空調的最大製冷功率P和每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1,通過調節流入每個電池的冷卻液流量按比例進行冷卻液流量分配,從而可以以最大效率使每個電池完成降溫。Specifically, the total temperature adjustment required power Pz of the entire temperature adjustment system can be calculated according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, that is, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment required power Pz. Then, according to the total temperature, the required power Pz is adjusted to determine whether Pz matches the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, that is, whether Pz is less than or equal to P, and if so, the required power P1 is adjusted according to the temperature of each battery to flow into each by control. Each battery is cooled by the coolant flow of the battery and by controlling the power of the compressor. If the Pz does not match the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, that is, Pz is greater than P, the controller adjusts the required power P1 according to the maximum cooling power P of the air conditioner and the temperature of each battery, and adjusts the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each battery. The coolant flow distribution is scaled so that each battery can be cooled down with maximum efficiency.
當電池的數量為複數個並聯時,根據本發明的一個實施例,電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括以下步驟:偵測複數並聯的電池的溫度。當複數並聯的電池中有至少一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,進入冷卻模式。當複數並聯的電池中有至少一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。When the number of batteries is a plurality of parallels, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the battery may further include the step of detecting the temperature of the plurality of parallel batteries. When at least one of the plurality of parallel batteries has a temperature greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered. When at least one of the plurality of parallel batteries has a temperature lower than a second temperature threshold, the heating mode is entered. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,即時偵測每個電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中某個電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行降溫處理,進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of each battery is instantly detected and judged. If the temperature of one of the batteries is higher than 40 °C, the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the influence of high temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be cooled, enters the cooling mode, and sends the battery cooling function. Start the information to the air conditioning system.
而如果某個電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行升溫處理,進入加熱模式,控制電池冷卻支路關閉,並控制加熱器開啟,以為電池提供加熱功率。If the temperature of a battery is lower than 0 °C, the temperature of the battery is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be warmed up, enters the heating mode, and controls the battery cooling branch. Turn off and control the heater to turn on to provide heating power to the battery.
為使第一電池和第二電池的溫度保持均衡,可以進行如下處理: 舉例而言,如第9圖所示,當電池包括第一電池和第二電池時,在進行電池冷卻程序中,如果第一電池的溫度T61和第二電池的溫度T62之間的電池溫度差異超過3℃,該溫度值為預設值,即如果T61-T62>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制第一電池冷卻支路中的調節閥開度增加,控制第二電池冷卻支路中的調節閥的開度減少,以便使得第一電池的冷卻功率增加,第二電池的冷卻功率減少,從而實現第一電池和第二電池的溫度均衡。In order to balance the temperatures of the first battery and the second battery, the following processing may be performed: For example, as shown in FIG. 9, when the battery includes the first battery and the second battery, in the battery cooling process, if The difference in battery temperature between the temperature T61 of the first battery and the temperature T62 of the second battery exceeds 3 ° C, and the temperature value is a preset value, that is, if T61-T62>3 ° C, the battery thermal management controller controls the first battery The opening of the regulating valve in the cooling branch is increased, and the opening degree of the regulating valve in the cooling branch of the second battery is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased, and the cooling power of the second battery is reduced, thereby realizing the first battery. The temperature of the second battery is equalized.
而如果T62-T61>3℃,則控制第二電池冷卻支路中的調節閥開度增加,控制第一電池冷卻支路中的調節閥的開度減少,以便使得第二電池的冷卻功率增加,第一電池的冷卻功率減少,從而實現第一電池和第二電池的溫度均衡。And if T62-T61>3° C., the opening of the regulating valve in the second battery cooling branch is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the regulating valve in the first battery cooling branch is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased. The cooling power of the first battery is reduced, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the first battery and the second battery.
在進行電池加熱程序中,如第一電池和第二電池之間的電池溫度差異超過3℃,即如果T61-T62>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制第一電池冷卻支路中的調節閥開度減小,控制第二電池冷卻支路中的調節閥的開度增大,以便使得第一電池的加熱功率增加,第二電池的加熱功率減少,從而實現第一電池和第二電池的溫度均衡。如果T62-T61>3℃,則控制第二電池冷卻支路中的調節閥開度減小,控制第一電池冷卻支路中的調節閥的開度增大,以便使得第二電池的加熱功率增加,第一電池的加熱功率減少,從而實現第一電池和第二電池的溫度均衡。In the battery heating process, if the battery temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery exceeds 3 ° C, that is, if T61-T62 > 3 ° C, the battery thermal management controller controls the adjustment in the first battery cooling branch The valve opening degree is decreased, and the opening degree of the regulating valve in the second battery cooling branch is controlled to increase, so that the heating power of the first battery is increased, and the heating power of the second battery is decreased, thereby realizing the first battery and the second battery. The temperature is balanced. If T62-T61>3° C., the opening of the regulating valve in the second battery cooling branch is controlled to decrease, and the opening degree of the regulating valve in the first battery cooling branch is controlled to increase the heating power of the second battery. Increasing, the heating power of the first battery is reduced, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the first battery and the second battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:判斷每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於每個電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池的壓縮機的功率,或者調節增加電池的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the cooling mode is performed, the temperature of the battery connected in parallel according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the plurality of parallel batteries are respectively adjusted, specifically: determining each battery Whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 corresponding to each battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 corresponding to the battery, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and is increased for cooling according to the power difference. The power of the battery's compressor, or adjust to increase the battery's coolant flow to increase the battery's cooling power. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of a battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 corresponding to the battery, reduce the power of the compressor or keep the power of the compressor unchanged, or adjust the cooling liquid flow of the battery to reduce the battery. Cooling power.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的降溫,所以,獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機1的功率,或者增加該電池的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,壓縮機的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果其中某一電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持壓縮機1的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機的功率,或者減少該電池的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當所有電池的溫度低於35℃時,則電池冷卻完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制電池冷卻支路關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度高於35℃,則適當增加d電池的冷卻功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, P1 and P2 of each battery are respectively acquired and judged. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and according to The power difference increases the power of the compressor 1 or increases the coolant flow rate of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery. The greater the power difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the compressor and the coolant flow rate of the battery increase. More so that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within the preset time t. If P1 of one of the batteries is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor 1 can be kept constant or the power of the compressor can be appropriately reduced, or the coolant flow rate of the battery can be reduced, and the cooling power of the battery can be reduced. When the temperature of all the batteries is lower than 35 °C, the battery cooling is completed, the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the battery cooling branch is controlled to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is higher than 35 ° C, the cooling power of the d battery is appropriately increased, so that the battery is cooled as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:判斷每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於每個電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池的加熱器的功率,或者調節增加電池的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the heating mode is performed, the temperature of the plurality of batteries connected in parallel is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the plurality of parallel batteries, respectively, including: determining each battery Whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 corresponding to each battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 corresponding to the battery, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and is increased for cooling according to the power difference. The power of the battery heater, or the increase in the coolant flow rate of the battery to increase the heating power of the battery.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間t內完成該電池的升溫,所以,控獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率,或者調節增加電池的冷卻液流量,以使該電池可以在目標時間t內完成溫度調節。其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器的功率和該電池迴路的冷卻液流量增加的越多。而如果某個電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以適當減小加熱器的功率,或保持加熱器的功率不變,或者調節減少該電池迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少該電池的加熱功率。當所有電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度低於10℃,則再適當增加加熱器的功率和幫浦的轉速,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, P1 and P2 of each battery are respectively acquired and judged. If P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the heating temperature of the battery cannot be completed within the target time t according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained. And increasing the power of the heater for heating the battery according to the power difference, or adjusting the coolant flow rate of the battery so that the battery can complete the temperature adjustment within the target time t. Among them, the greater the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater and the coolant flow of the battery circuit increase. If the P1 of a certain battery is less than or equal to P2, the power of the heater may be appropriately reduced, or the power of the heater may be kept constant, or the flow rate of the coolant of the battery circuit may be adjusted to reduce the heating power of the battery. When the temperature of all the batteries is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery is heated, and the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the heater is turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is lower than 10 ° C, then the power of the heater and the rotation speed of the pump are appropriately increased to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則降低幫浦的轉速;如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則提高幫浦的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery may further include: if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, reducing the rotation speed of the pump; if the temperature of a certain battery When the required power P1 is adjusted to be greater than the corresponding temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the rotational speed of the pump is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果某個電池的P1小於P2,控制幫浦的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果某個電池的P1大於P2,除控制加熱器、壓縮機的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還可以控制幫浦的轉速提高,以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高該電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of a certain battery is smaller than P2, the rotation speed of the control pump is lowered to save electric energy. If the P1 of a battery is greater than P2, in addition to controlling the power of the heater, the compressor, or the coolant flow of the circuit in which the battery is located, the speed of the pump can be controlled to increase the flow rate per unit time. The coolant quality of the cross section of the road, thereby increasing the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power P2 to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
為使本領域技術人員更清楚地理解本發明,下面結合具體地實施例描述車載電池系統的溫度調節方法。In order to make the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, a temperature adjustment method of an in-vehicle battery system will be described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment.
如第9圖所示,電池可以包括第一電池和第二電池,Pz=P11+P12,P11為第一電池的溫度調節需求功率,P12為第二電池溫度調節的需求功率,Pz為第一電池和第二電池的溫度調節需求功率之和(總溫度調節需求功率Pz)。Pf=P21+P22,P21為電池的溫度調節實際功率,P22為電池的溫度調節實際功率,Pf為第一電池和第二電池的溫度調節實際功率之和。As shown in FIG. 9, the battery may include a first battery and a second battery, Pz=P11+P12, P11 is the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery, and P12 is the required power for the second battery temperature adjustment, and Pz is the first. The sum of the temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second battery (total temperature adjustment required power Pz). Pf=P21+P22, P21 is the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery, P22 is the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery, and Pf is the sum of the temperature adjustment actual powers of the first battery and the second battery.
當某個電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時(例如40℃),車載電池的溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式,如果總電池冷卻需求功率Pz與車內冷卻需求功率P4的和小於壓縮機最大製冷功率P,即Pz+P4≤P,則控制壓縮機1按照Pz+P4製冷功率運行。可以理解,該情況下Pz<P,P4<P。When the temperature of a battery is greater than the first temperature threshold (for example, 40 ° C), the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery operates in the cooling mode, if the sum of the total battery cooling demand power Pz and the interior cooling demand power P4 is less than the maximum compressor The cooling power P, that is, Pz + P4 ≤ P, controls the compressor 1 to operate in accordance with the Pz + P4 cooling power. It can be understood that Pz<P, P4<P in this case.
如果Pz+P4>P,則判斷第一電池或者第二電池的溫度是否大於45℃,如果大於45℃,則優先為電池冷卻提供冷卻功率,控制器控制壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率為Pz,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率等於P-Pz。If Pz+P4>P, it is judged whether the temperature of the first battery or the second battery is greater than 45 ° C. If it is greater than 45 ° C, the cooling power is preferentially provided for battery cooling, and the controller controls the compressor to operate according to the maximum cooling power P, the battery The cooling power of the cooling branch is Pz, and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle is equal to P-Pz.
如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率等於P-P4。第一電池冷卻支路和第二電池冷卻支路按照比例縮小冷卻功率。比例可以為:(P-P4)/(P11+P12)。如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻功率。If it is determined that the battery temperature is not more than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P, and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle is P4, and the battery is cooled. The cooling power of the branch is equal to P-P4. The first battery cooling branch and the second battery cooling branch scale down the cooling power. The ratio can be: (P-P4) / (P11 + P12). If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied.
第一電池和第二電池的溫度調節實際功率的和為Pf,當Pz>PF,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)。如果Pz+P4+Pc≤P,則壓縮機需要增大的製冷功率為,增大第二膨脹閥的開度,提高幫浦51的轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第二電池的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第一電池的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池的冷卻功率減少。The sum of the temperature-regulated actual powers of the first battery and the second battery is Pf, and when Pz>PF, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pz-Pf). If Pz+P4+Pc≤P, the compressor needs to increase the cooling power to increase the opening degree of the second expansion valve and increase the rotation speed of the pump 51. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first electric power is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the first battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the first battery is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is decreased, so that the cooling power of the second battery is reduced.
如果Pz+P4+Pc>P(且Pz+Pc≤P),則進行如下判斷: 判斷第一電池和第二電池的溫度是否大於45℃。如果大於45℃,則優先為電池冷卻提供冷卻功率,壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,同時提高幫浦的轉速,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率增加Pc,車內冷卻支路功率減少Pc。如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第二電池的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得電池的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第二電池的冷卻功率減少。If Pz+P4+Pc>P (and Pz+Pc≤P), the following determination is made: It is judged whether the temperatures of the first battery and the second battery are greater than 45 °C. If it is greater than 45 ° C, the cooling power is preferentially provided for battery cooling, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power, and the rotation speed of the pump is increased, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by Pc, and the cooling power of the vehicle is reduced by Pc. If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is reduced, so that the cooling power of the battery is reduced. If P12 < P22, and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the second battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the second battery is reduced.
如果電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行,提高幫浦的轉速,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率等於P-P4。第一電池61冷卻支路和第二電池62冷卻支路按照比例縮小冷卻功率。比例可以為:(P-P4)/(P11+P12)。第一電池的冷卻功率為P11*(P-P4)/(P11+P12),第二電池的冷卻功率為P12*(P-P4)/(P11+P12)。If the battery temperature is not more than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle. The compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P, which increases the speed of the pump and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle. For P4, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is equal to P-P4. The first battery 61 cooling branch and the second battery 62 cooling branch scale down the cooling power. The ratio can be: (P-P4) / (P11 + P12). The cooling power of the first battery is P11*(P-P4)/(P11+P12), and the cooling power of the second battery is P12*(P-P4)/(P11+P12).
如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻功率,壓縮機以最大功率P運行,增大第二膨脹閥的開度,提高幫浦的轉速,使得電池冷卻分支迴路冷卻功率增加Pc。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第二電池的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得電池的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第二電池的冷卻功率減少。If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied, the compressor operates at the maximum power P, the opening degree of the second expansion valve is increased, the rotation speed of the pump is increased, and the cooling power of the battery cooling branch circuit is increased. . At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11-P21 = Pc1, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is reduced, so that the cooling power of the battery is reduced. If P12 < P22, and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the second battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the second battery is reduced.
當Pz≤Pf時,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pf-Pz)時,則維持壓縮機製冷功率不變,或者降低壓縮機的製冷功率,或者減少第二膨脹閥的開度,或者降低幫浦的轉速。如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得電池的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第一電池的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節開度減少,使得第二電池的冷卻功率減少。When Pz ≤ Pf, when the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pf-Pz), the compressor cooling power is maintained, or the cooling power of the compressor is reduced, or the opening of the second expansion valve is reduced, or reduced. The speed of the pump. If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the first battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the first battery is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the adjustment opening of the loop in which the second battery is controlled is decreased, so that the cooling power of the second battery is reduced.
當車載電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值(例如0℃),車載電池的溫度調節系統工作的加熱模式時,如果Pz>Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)時,加熱器的加熱功率增加Pc,提高幫浦的轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第一電池的加熱功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第二電池的加熱功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第一電池的加熱功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第二電池的加熱功率減少。When the temperature of the vehicle battery is less than the second temperature threshold (for example, 0 ° C), when the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle battery operates in the heating mode, if Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pz-Pf), heating The heating power of the device increases Pc and increases the speed of the pump. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11-P21 = Pc1, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the heating power of the first battery is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the heating power of the second battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is reduced, so that the heating power of the first battery is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the second battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the heating power of the second battery is reduced.
如果Pz≤Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)時,加熱器的功率保持不變,或者減少加熱功率Pc,或者降低幫浦轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第一池的加熱功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第二電池的加熱功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池的加熱功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第一電池的加熱功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得電池的加熱功率減少。If Pz ≤ Pf, and the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc = Pz - Pf), the power of the heater remains unchanged, or the heating power Pc is reduced, or the pump rotation speed is lowered. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11-P21 = Pc1, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the heating power of the first pool is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the heating power of the second battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12 and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the heating power of the first battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is reduced, so that the heating power of the first battery is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the second battery is controlled is reduced, so that the heating power of the battery is reduced.
根據本發明的一個實施例,用於為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機為複數個,電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量。在為冷卻模式時,控制相應數量的壓縮機啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of compressors for supplying a refrigerant to a battery may further include: adjusting a required power P1 and a maximum cooling power of each compressor according to a temperature of each battery Determine the number of compressors that are started. When in the cooling mode, the corresponding number of compressors are controlled to start.
進一步地,根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量具體包括:根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節實際功率PZ ;判斷總溫度調節需求功率PZ 是否大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P;如果大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,則控制複數壓縮機同時啟動。Further, determining the number of compressors to be started according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery and the maximum cooling power P of each compressor specifically includes: adjusting the required power P1 according to the temperature of each battery to generate the total temperature adjustment actual power P Z ; determining whether the total temperature adjustment demand power P Z is greater than the maximum refrigeration power P of the single compressor; if greater than the maximum refrigeration power P of the single compressor, controlling the plurality of compressors to start simultaneously.
具體地,當壓縮機為複數個時,相應的,車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路為複數個。舉例而言,當為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機為2個,車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路均為2個時,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,分別獲取每個電池的P1,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ 。如果PZ 小於等於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,那麼控制一壓縮機啟動即可。而如果Pz大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,那麼控制兩個壓縮機同時啟動工作,以滿足電池的降溫製冷功率需求。Specifically, when there are a plurality of compressors, correspondingly, the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch are plural. For example, when there are two compressors for supplying refrigerant to the battery, and two of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, respectively, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, respectively, P1 of each battery is obtained, The total temperature adjustment required power P Z of the entire temperature regulation system can be calculated by adding P1 of each battery. If P Z is less than or equal to the maximum cooling power P of a single compressor, then control of a compressor is started. And if Pz is greater than the maximum cooling power P of a single compressor, then the two compressors are controlled to start working simultaneously to meet the cooling and cooling power requirements of the battery.
當用於為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機為複數個,複數壓縮機的最大製冷功率的和為P5,那麼,電池冷卻功率調節可以為: (1)當Pz>Pf時,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf),如果Pz+P4+Pc≤P5,則壓縮機需要增大的製冷功率為Pc,增大第二膨脹閥開度,提高幫浦轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第二電池的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第一電池的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得電池的冷卻功率減少。When the number of compressors for supplying refrigerant to the battery is plural, and the sum of the maximum cooling powers of the plurality of compressors is P5, the battery cooling power adjustment may be: (1) When Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc = Pz - Pf), if Pz + P4 + Pc ≤ P5, the compressor needs to increase the cooling power to Pc, increase the opening of the second expansion valve, and increase the pump speed. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11-P21 = Pc1, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is reduced, so that the cooling power of the first battery is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the second battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the battery is reduced.
如果Pz+P4+Pc>P5(且Pz+Pc≤P5),則進行如下判斷: 判斷電池溫度是否大於45℃。如果大於45℃,則優先為電池冷卻提供冷卻功率,壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,同時提高水幫浦的轉速,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率增加Pc,車內冷卻支路功率減少Pc。If Pz+P4+Pc>P5 (and Pz+Pc≤P5), the following judgment is made: It is judged whether the battery temperature is greater than 45 °C. If it is greater than 45 ° C, the cooling power is preferentially provided for battery cooling, the compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power, and the rotation speed of the water pump is increased, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch is increased by Pc, and the power of the cooling branch of the vehicle is decreased by Pc.
如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得電池的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第二電池的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第一電池的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第二電池的冷卻功率減少。If P11 ≥ P21, and P11-P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is reduced, so that the cooling power of the first battery is reduced. If P12 < P22, and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the second battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the second battery is reduced.
如果電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,所有壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行,提高水幫浦轉速,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率=P5-P4。第一電池冷卻支路和第二電池冷卻支路按照比例縮小冷卻功率。比例可以為:(P5-P4)/(P11+P12)。第一電池61的冷卻功率為P11*(P5-P4)/(P11+P12),第二電池62的冷卻功率為P12*(P5-P4)/(P11+P12)。If the battery temperature is not more than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the car has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the vehicle. All the compressors are operated according to the maximum cooling power, and the water pump speed is increased, and the cooling power of the cooling branch in the vehicle is increased. For P4, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch = P5-P4. The first battery cooling branch and the second battery cooling branch scale down the cooling power. The ratio can be: (P5-P4) / (P11 + P12). The cooling power of the first battery 61 is P11*(P5-P4)/(P11+P12), and the cooling power of the second battery 62 is P12*(P5-P4)/(P11+P12).
如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻功率,所有壓縮機以最大功率運行,增大第二膨脹閥開度,提高水幫浦轉速,使得電池冷卻分支迴路冷卻功率增加Pc。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第二電池的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得電池的冷卻功率減少。If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied, all the compressors are operated at the maximum power, the opening degree of the second expansion valve is increased, and the water pump speed is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery cooling branch circuit is increased by Pc. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12 and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is reduced, so that the cooling power of the first battery is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the second battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the battery is reduced.
(2)當Pz≤Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pf-Pz)時,則維持壓縮機製冷功率不變,或者降低壓縮機的製冷功率,或者減少第二膨脹閥的開度,或者降低幫浦的轉速。如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度增大,使得電池的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第一電池的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池所在迴路的調節閥開度減少,使得第二電池的冷卻功率減少。(2) When Pz ≤ Pf and the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc = Pf - Pz), the compressor cooling power is maintained, or the cooling power of the compressor is reduced, or the opening of the second expansion valve is reduced. Or reduce the speed of the pump. If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12-P22 = Pc2, the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the second battery is located is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery is located is reduced, so that the cooling power of the first battery is reduced. If P12 < P22, and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery is kept constant, or the opening of the regulating valve of the circuit in which the second battery is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the second battery is reduced.
當車載電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值(例如0℃),當車載電池的溫度調節系統工作的加熱模式,如果Pz>Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)時,加熱器53的加熱功率增加Pc,提高幫浦51的轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一電池61的加熱功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的加熱功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的加熱功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的加熱功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第二電池62的加熱功率減少。When the temperature of the vehicle battery is less than the second temperature threshold (for example, 0 ° C), when the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle battery operates in the heating mode, if Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pz-Pf), heating The heating power of the unit 53 is increased by Pc to increase the rotational speed of the pump 51. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the heating power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the heating power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the heating power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the heating power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the heating power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
如果Pz≤Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)時,加熱器的功率保持不變,或者減少加熱功率Pc,或者降低幫浦轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第一池61的加熱功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度增大,使得第二電池62的加熱功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得第一電池61的加熱功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的調節閥58開度減少,使得電池62的加熱功率減少。根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法,首先,分別獲取複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率,然後,分別獲取複數並聯的電池的溫度調節實際功率,最後,分別根據複數並聯的電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率對複數並聯的電池的溫度進行調節。由此,該方法可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。If Pz ≤ Pf, and the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc = Pz - Pf), the power of the heater remains unchanged, or the heating power Pc is reduced, or the pump rotation speed is lowered. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, so that the heating power of the first pool 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the second battery 62 is located is increased, so that the heating power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is decreased, so that the heating power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12 < P22 and P22 - P12 = Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the regulating valve 58 of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, so that the heating power of the battery 62 is reduced. According to the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, respectively, the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of parallel batteries is obtained, and then the temperature adjustment actual power of the plurality of parallel batteries is respectively obtained, and finally, according to the plurality of parallel batteries Temperature regulation requires power and temperature regulation The actual power regulates the temperature of a plurality of parallel batteries. Therefore, the method can accurately control the heating power and the cooling power of each battery according to the actual state of each battery, and adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the battery is maintained at a preset range. To avoid the situation where the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by temperature.
當車載電池的數量為複數個時,且各電池之間獨立設置時,本發明還提出另一種車載電池的溫度調節系統。When the number of the vehicle batteries is plural, and the batteries are independently arranged, the present invention also proposes another temperature regulation system for the vehicle battery.
具體而言,如第11A圖所示,該溫度調節系統包括:複數壓縮機1、複數冷凝器2、複數電池冷卻支路4和複數電池溫度調節模組5。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11A, the temperature adjustment system includes: a plurality of compressors 1, a plurality of condensers 2, a plurality of battery cooling branches 4, and a plurality of battery temperature adjustment modules 5.
其中,複數冷凝器2與複數壓縮機1相連,複數電池冷卻支路4連接在複數壓縮機1和複數冷凝器2之間,且複數電池冷卻支路4之間相互連通。電池溫度調節模組5分別與複數電池6和複數電池冷卻支路4相連,用於分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節,以及根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2調節複數壓縮機1向電池6對應的電池冷卻支路4提供的製冷量開度。The plurality of condensers 2 are connected to the plurality of compressors 1, the plurality of battery cooling branches 4 are connected between the plurality of compressors 1 and the plurality of condensers 2, and the plurality of battery cooling branches 4 are connected to each other. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 is respectively connected to the plurality of batteries 6 and the plurality of battery cooling branches 4 for respectively obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries, and adjusting the required power P1 and the temperature adjustment according to the temperature. The power P2 adjusts the temperature of the battery, and adjusts the degree of cooling provided by the plurality of compressors 1 to the battery cooling branch 4 corresponding to the battery 6 based on the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據溫度調節需求功率和P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2在目標時間t內對電池的溫度進行調節,以達到目標溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the battery is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment required power and P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, specifically including: adjusting the required power P1 according to the temperature and adjusting the actual power P2 according to the temperature at the target time t The temperature of the battery is adjusted to reach the target temperature.
也就是說,電池溫度調節模組5在根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池6進行溫度調節時,可以確保在目標時間t內根據每個電池6的實際狀態精確控制車載電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,從而在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節。That is to say, when the battery temperature adjustment module 5 performs temperature adjustment for each battery 6 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it can be ensured that the actual state of each battery 6 is accurately controlled within the target time t. The heating power and cooling power of the vehicle battery, so that the temperature is adjusted when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low.
如第11A圖所示,以壓縮機1、電池冷卻支路4、電池溫度調節模組5電池6為2個為例,電池冷卻支路4可以包括第一電池冷卻支路401和第二電池冷卻支路402,分別對應第一電池61和第二電池62。As shown in FIG. 11A, taking the compressor 1, the battery cooling branch 4, and the battery temperature adjusting module 5 as six, the battery cooling branch 4 may include a first battery cooling branch 401 and a second battery. The cooling branches 402 correspond to the first battery 61 and the second battery 62, respectively.
當空調的冷卻液不接入到電池溫度調節模組5時,電池冷卻支路4中具有兩個管道,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。以第一電池61所在的第一電池冷卻支路401為例,在第一電池61的溫度過高時,車載空調製冷功能開啟,電池冷卻功能啟動,第一管道與第二管道中冷卻液(如冷媒)的流動方向分別為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—第一電池冷卻支路401—壓縮機1;第一電池冷卻支路401—電池溫度調節模組5—第一電池61—電池溫度調節模組5—第一電池冷卻支路401。When the coolant of the air conditioner is not connected to the battery temperature adjustment module 5, the battery cooling branch 4 has two pipes, the first pipe is connected to the compressor 1, and the second pipe is connected to the battery temperature adjustment module 5. Wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are disposed adjacent to each other independently. Taking the first battery cooling branch 401 where the first battery 61 is located as an example, when the temperature of the first battery 61 is too high, the vehicle air conditioning refrigeration function is turned on, the battery cooling function is activated, and the coolant in the first pipeline and the second pipeline ( The flow direction of the refrigerant, for example, is: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - first battery cooling branch 401 - compressor 1; first battery cooling branch 401 - battery temperature regulating module 5 - first battery 61 - battery The temperature adjustment module 5 - the first battery cooling branch 401.
可以理解,每個電池溫度調節模組5可以根據對應電池的溫度調節需求功率和P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,通過調節流入到相應的電池冷卻支路4的冷卻液的流量調節電池的製冷功率/加熱功率,從而可以確保在目標時間t內根據每個電池的實際狀態對電池的溫度進行調節。同時,由於複數電池冷卻支路4之間相互連通,因此電池溫度調節模組5可以根據每個電池的溫度,通過調節電池對應的電池冷卻支路4的製冷量開度,可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。由此,可以在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時在目標時間內對溫度進行調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況,且可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。It can be understood that each battery temperature adjustment module 5 can adjust the required power and P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the temperature of the corresponding battery, and adjust the cooling power of the battery by adjusting the flow rate of the coolant flowing into the corresponding battery cooling branch 4. / Heating power, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the battery is adjusted according to the actual state of each battery within the target time t. At the same time, since the plurality of battery cooling branches 4 are connected to each other, the battery temperature adjusting module 5 can ensure the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch 4 corresponding to the battery according to the temperature of each battery, thereby ensuring the battery capacity. The temperature is balanced. Therefore, the temperature can be adjusted within the target time when the temperature of the vehicle battery is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained within a preset range, thereby avoiding the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature, and each can be guaranteed. The temperature between the batteries is balanced.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第11A圖所示,電池冷卻支路4可以包括換熱器41,換熱器41包括第一管道和第二管道,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11A, the battery cooling branch 4 may include a heat exchanger 41 including a first pipe and a second pipe, and a second pipe and battery temperature adjustment module 5 Connected, the first pipe is in communication with the compressor 1, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are disposed adjacent to each other independently.
電池溫度調節模組5可以包括調節電池溫度的流路(圖中未具體示出),流路設置在電池6之中。連接在流路和換熱器41之間的幫浦51、介質容器52、加熱器53,以及控制器(圖中未具體示出)。其中,控制器獲取複數電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池6的溫度進行調節。電池冷卻支路4還可以包括第二膨脹閥42和第二電子閥43。The battery temperature adjustment module 5 may include a flow path (not specifically shown) for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and the flow path is disposed in the battery 6. A pump 51, a medium container 52, a heater 53, and a controller (not specifically shown) are connected between the flow path and the heat exchanger 41. The controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of batteries 6 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and adjusts the temperature of the battery 6 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery. The battery cooling branch 4 may also include a second expansion valve 42 and a second electronic valve 43.
如圖11所示,第一電池冷卻支路401還可以包括第一調節閥411和第三調節閥413;第二電池冷卻支路402還可以包括第二調節閥412和第四調節閥414,各調節閥的連接方式具體可參照第11A圖,此處不做贅述。As shown in FIG. 11, the first battery cooling branch 401 may further include a first regulating valve 411 and a third regulating valve 413; the second battery cooling branch 402 may further include a second regulating valve 412 and a fourth regulating valve 414, For details of the connection mode of each regulating valve, refer to FIG. 11A, and no further description is made here.
如第11A圖所示,壓縮機11通過第一調節閥411和第二調節閥412分別控制流向401支路和402支路的冷媒流量。壓縮機12通過第三調節413閥和第四調節閥414分別控制流量401支路和402支路的冷媒流量。電池冷卻支路401的冷卻功率與第一調節閥411和第三調節閥413的冷媒流量有關。電池冷卻支路402的冷卻功率與第二調節閥412和第四調節閥414的冷媒流量有關。As shown in Fig. 11A, the compressor 11 controls the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing to the 401 branch and the 402 branch, respectively, through the first regulating valve 411 and the second regulating valve 412. The compressor 12 controls the flow rates of the refrigerants of the flow rate 401 branch and the 402 branch, respectively, through the third regulator 413 valve and the fourth regulator valve 414. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch 401 is related to the refrigerant flow rates of the first regulator valve 411 and the third regulator valve 413. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch 402 is related to the refrigerant flow rates of the second regulator valve 412 and the fourth regulator valve 414.
可以理解的是,電池冷卻支路4也可以不設置換熱器41,當沒有換熱器41時,電池冷卻支路4內流的就是冷媒。如果設置換熱器41,那麼電池冷卻支路4內第一管道中流的是冷媒,第二管道中流的是冷卻液。It can be understood that the battery cooling branch 4 may not be provided with the heat exchanger 41. When there is no heat exchanger 41, the refrigerant flowing in the battery cooling branch 4 is the refrigerant. If the heat exchanger 41 is provided, the refrigerant flows in the first pipe in the battery cooling branch 4, and the coolant flows in the second pipe.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第11A圖所示,電池溫度調節模組5還可以包括設置在流路的入口的第一溫度感測器55,設置在流路的出口的第二溫度感測器56,以及流速感測器57。可以理解,流路的入口和出口位置不是絕對的,而是根據幫浦51的轉向確定的。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11A, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 may further include a first temperature sensor 55 disposed at an inlet of the flow path, and a second temperature sense disposed at the outlet of the flow path. A detector 56, and a flow rate sensor 57. It will be appreciated that the inlet and outlet locations of the flow path are not absolute, but are determined based on the steering of the pump 51.
具體地,換熱器41可以為板式換熱器,板式換熱器可以安裝在車載空調內部,使得整個製冷劑迴路均在車載空調內部,便於車載空調出廠調試,並且使車載空調可以單獨供貨和組裝,同時,車載空調在安裝程序中只需要加注一次製冷劑。冷卻液從流路的入口流入電池6的內部,從流路的出口流出,從而實現電池6與冷卻液之間的熱交換。Specifically, the heat exchanger 41 may be a plate heat exchanger, and the plate heat exchanger may be installed inside the vehicle air conditioner, so that the entire refrigerant circuit is inside the vehicle air conditioner, facilitating the commissioning of the vehicle air conditioner, and the vehicle air conditioner can be separately supplied. And assembly, at the same time, the car air conditioner only needs to be refilled once in the installation procedure. The coolant flows into the inside of the battery 6 from the inlet of the flow path, and flows out from the outlet of the flow path, thereby achieving heat exchange between the battery 6 and the cooling liquid.
幫浦51主要用於提供動力,介質容器52主要用於儲存冷卻液和接受向溫度調節系統添加的冷卻液,當溫度調節系統中的冷卻液減少時,介質容器52中的冷卻液可自動補充。加熱器53可以為PTC加熱器,可以與控制器進行CAN通訊,為車載電池的溫度調節系統提供加熱功率,受控制器控制。且加熱器53不直接與電池6接觸,具有較高的安全性、可靠性和實用性。The pump 51 is mainly used to provide power. The medium container 52 is mainly used for storing the coolant and receiving the coolant added to the temperature regulation system. When the coolant in the temperature regulation system is reduced, the coolant in the medium container 52 can be automatically replenished. . The heater 53 can be a PTC heater, can perform CAN communication with the controller, and provides heating power for the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery, and is controlled by the controller. Moreover, the heater 53 is not directly in contact with the battery 6, and has high safety, reliability, and practicality.
第一溫度感測器55用以偵測流路入口冷卻液的溫度,第二溫度感測器56用以偵測流路出口冷卻液的溫度。流速感測器57用以偵測對應管道內冷卻液的流速資訊。第二電子閥43用以控制相應的電池冷卻支路4的開通和關閉,第二膨脹閥42可用於控制回應的電池冷卻支路4中的冷卻液流量。控制器可以通過調節第一至第四調節閥411-414的開度,同時控制第一電池61和第二電池62兩個冷卻分支迴路的冷卻液流量,從而使均衡兩個電池的溫度。同時控制器還可與車載空調和加熱器53進行CAN通訊,並且可以控制幫浦51的轉速和監控冷卻液的溫度和流量資訊,還可以對電池6進行管理,偵測電池6的電壓和溫度資訊,控制車載電池的溫度調節系統的通斷。The first temperature sensor 55 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path inlet, and the second temperature sensor 56 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path outlet. The flow rate sensor 57 is used to detect the flow rate information of the coolant in the corresponding pipe. The second electronic valve 43 is used to control the opening and closing of the respective battery cooling branch 4, and the second expansion valve 42 can be used to control the flow of coolant in the responding battery cooling branch 4. The controller can adjust the temperature of the two batteries by adjusting the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves 411-414 while controlling the coolant flow rates of the two cooling branch circuits of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62. At the same time, the controller can also perform CAN communication with the vehicle air conditioner and the heater 53, and can control the rotation speed of the pump 51 and monitor the temperature and flow information of the coolant, and can also manage the battery 6 to detect the voltage and temperature of the battery 6. Information to control the on/off of the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery.
下面結合具體實施例描述每個電池溫度調節模組5如何獲取相應電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。How each battery temperature adjustment module 5 obtains the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the corresponding battery 6 will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器可以用於分別獲取每個電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率,以及分別獲取每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率,並根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率產生每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be configured to separately acquire a first parameter when each battery is turned on, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the first parameter, and acquire each battery separately. a second parameter at the time of temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the second parameter, and adjusting the required power according to the first temperature of each battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery The temperature adjustment of each battery requires power P1.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池6開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,控制器獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ,並根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery 6 is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the controller acquires between the initial temperature and the target temperature. The first temperature difference ΔT 1 , and the first temperature adjustment required power is generated according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,控制器通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t (1), 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池6的比熱容,M為電池6的品質。Further, the controller generates the first temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t (1), where ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 6, and M is the quality of the battery 6.
第二參數為每個電池6在預設時間內的平均電流I,控制器通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2), 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池6的內阻。The second parameter is the average current I of each battery 6 within a preset time, and the controller generates a second temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2), where I is the average current, R is the internal resistance of the battery 6.
當對電池6進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池6進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery 6 is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery 6 is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器分別根據每個電池6所在迴路的第一溫度感測器55偵測的入口溫度和第二溫度感測器56偵測的出口溫度產生每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 ,並根據每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速感測器57偵測的流速v產生每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller generates the first of each battery according to the inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 55 of the loop in which each battery 6 is located and the outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 56. The temperature difference ΔT 2 is two , and the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of each battery is generated according to the second temperature difference ΔT 2 of each battery and the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 57.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the actual power P2 is adjusted according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is in the flow path The specific heat capacity of the coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow path The cross-sectional area.
具體地,車輛通電後,控制器判斷車輛是否需要進行溫度調節,如果判斷車輛需要溫度調節,則開啟溫度調節功能,並發送低轉速資訊給幫浦51,幫浦以默認轉速(如低轉速)開始工作。然後,控制器獲取每個電池6的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算出每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)計算每個電池第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,控制器分別根據每個電池6的第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率計算溫度調節需求功率P1(即將電池6的溫度在目標時間內調節至目標溫度的需求功率)。並且,控制器分別獲取每個電池對應設置的第一溫度感測器55和第二溫度感測器56偵測溫度資訊,並分別獲取流速感測器57偵測的流速資訊,根據公式(3)分別計算出每個電池6的溫度調節實際功率P2。最後,控制器可以根據對應電池的溫度調節需求功率和P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,通過調節流入到相應的電池冷卻支路4的冷卻液的流量調節電池的製冷功率,或者通過調節加熱器的調節加熱功率,從而可以以確保在目標時間t內根據每個電池的實際狀態對電池的溫度進行調節。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller determines whether the vehicle needs to perform temperature adjustment. If it is determined that the vehicle needs temperature adjustment, the temperature adjustment function is turned on, and the low speed information is sent to the pump 51, and the pump is driven to a default speed (such as a low speed). start working. Then, the controller acquires an initial temperature (ie, current temperature) of each battery 6, a target temperature, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to actual conditions, and according to the formula (1) Calculate the first temperature adjustment required power of each battery. At the same time, the controller separately obtains the average current I of each battery 6 for a preset time, and calculates the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to formula (2). Then, the controller calculates the temperature adjustment required power P1 according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery 6 (that is, the required power of the battery 6 is adjusted to the target temperature within the target time). And the controller obtains the temperature information detected by the first temperature sensor 55 and the second temperature sensor 56 corresponding to each battery, and respectively obtains the flow rate information detected by the flow rate sensor 57, according to the formula (3) The temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery 6 is calculated separately. Finally, the controller can adjust the required power and P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the temperature of the corresponding battery, adjust the cooling power of the battery by adjusting the flow rate of the coolant flowing into the corresponding battery cooling branch 4, or by adjusting the heater. The heating power is adjusted so as to ensure that the temperature of the battery is adjusted according to the actual state of each battery within the target time t.
下面將結合具體地實施例描述如何根據根據每個電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池6的溫度進行調節。How to adjust the temperature of each battery 6 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the temperature of each battery 6 will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器可以用於根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率Pz,並根據複數壓縮機的最大製冷功率P產生複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,以及判斷總溫度調節需求功率PZ 是否大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,其中,當總溫度調節需求功率PZ 大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5時,控制器將複數壓縮機1向電池對應的電池冷卻支路4的製冷量開度調整至最大;當總溫度調節需求功率Pz小於或等於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5時,控制器根據總溫度調節需求功率Pz與總最大製冷功率P5之差對電池6對應的電池冷卻支路4的製冷量開度進行調整。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be configured to generate a total temperature adjustment required power Pz according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, and generate a total maximum cooling power of the plurality of compressors according to the maximum cooling power P of the plurality of compressors. P5, and determining whether the total temperature adjustment demand power P Z is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, wherein when the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the controller compresses the plurality The machine 1 adjusts the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch 4 corresponding to the battery to the maximum; when the total temperature regulating required power Pz is less than or equal to the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the controller adjusts the required power Pz according to the total temperature. The difference in the degree of cooling of the battery cooling branch 4 corresponding to the battery 6 is adjusted by the difference from the total maximum cooling power P5.
具體地,如第11A圖所示,當對電池進行冷卻時,控制器可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,即將每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1相加即可得到總溫度調節需求功率Pz,同時控制器根據每個壓縮機1的最大製冷功率P計算出複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,即將每個壓縮機1的最大製冷功率P相加即可得到總最大製冷功率P5。然後,控制器判斷是否Pz>P5,如果是,則控制器控制將每個第二膨脹閥42的開度調節至最大,以增大流入到每個電池;冷卻迴路4的冷卻液流量,使電池可以在目標時間內完成降溫。而如果Pz≤P5,則控制器根據Pz與P5之間的差值對每個第二膨脹閥42的開度進行調整,其中,Pz與P5差值的絕對值越大,第二膨脹閥42的開度越小,以達到節約能源的目的。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11A, when the battery is cooled, the controller can calculate the total temperature adjustment required power Pz of the entire temperature adjustment system according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, that is, the temperature of each battery. The total required temperature adjustment demand power Pz is obtained by adjusting the required power P1, and the controller calculates the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors according to the maximum cooling power P of each compressor 1, that is, the maximum of each compressor 1 The total cooling power P5 is obtained by adding the cooling power P. Then, the controller determines whether Pz>P5, and if so, the controller controls to adjust the opening degree of each of the second expansion valves 42 to the maximum to increase the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the batteries; The battery can be cooled down within the target time. And if Pz ≤ P5, the controller adjusts the opening degree of each of the second expansion valves 42 according to the difference between Pz and P5, wherein the larger the absolute value of the difference between Pz and P5, the second expansion valve 42 The smaller the opening, the purpose of saving energy.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於,還用於偵測複數電池的溫度,並在複數電池6中任一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以及在複數電池中任一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller is further configured to: detect the temperature of the plurality of batteries, and control the temperature adjustment system to enter the cooling mode when the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries 6 is greater than the first temperature threshold And controlling the temperature adjustment system to enter the heating mode when the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries is less than the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,控制器分別即時偵測每個電池6的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中某個電池6的溫度高於40℃,說明此時該電池6的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池6的性能產生影響,需要對該電池6進行降溫處理,控制器控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統,以及控制對應的第二電子閥43開啟,以使冷卻液與電池6進行熱交換以降低該電池6的溫度。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller detects the temperature of each battery 6 and determines it. If the temperature of one of the batteries 6 is higher than 40 ° C, the temperature of the battery 6 is too high at this time, in order to avoid the influence of the high temperature on the performance of the battery 6, the battery 6 needs to be cooled, and the controller controls the temperature adjustment. The system enters a cooling mode and sends a battery cooling function activation information to the air conditioning system, and controls the corresponding second electronic valve 43 to open to exchange heat between the coolant and the battery 6 to lower the temperature of the battery 6.
而如果某個電池6的溫度低於0℃,說明此時該電池6的溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池6的性能產生影響,需要對該電池6進行升溫處理,控制器控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式,控制第二電子閥43關閉,並控制相應的加熱器53開啟,以為溫度調節系統提供加熱功率。當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,加熱器53提供加熱功率,以加熱第一電池61為例,第一電池61所在迴路中冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53(開啟)—幫浦51—第一溫度感測器55—第一電池61—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52,如此迴圈,實現電池第一電池61的升溫。If the temperature of a certain battery 6 is lower than 0 ° C, the temperature of the battery 6 is too low at this time, in order to avoid the influence of the low temperature on the performance of the battery 6, the battery 6 needs to be heated, and the controller controls the temperature adjustment. The system enters a heating mode, controls the second electronic valve 43 to close, and controls the corresponding heater 53 to open to provide heating power to the temperature regulating system. When the temperature adjustment system is operating in the heating mode, the heater 53 provides heating power to heat the first battery 61. The flow direction of the coolant in the circuit where the first battery 61 is located is: the medium container 52 - the heat exchanger 41 - heating 53 (open) - pump 51 - first temperature sensor 55 - first battery 61 - second temperature sensor 56 - flow sensor 57 - medium container 52, such loop, to achieve the first battery The temperature of 61 is raised.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,控制器在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池的壓縮機1的功率,或者調節增加電池6對應的電池冷卻支路4的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率,以及在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池6對應的電池冷卻支路4的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the actual temperature adjustment. The power difference between the powers P2, and the power of the compressor 1 for cooling the battery is increased according to the power difference, or the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch 4 corresponding to the battery 6 is increased to increase the cooling power of the battery, and When the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is less than or equal to the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 corresponding to the battery, the power of the compressor is reduced or the power of the compressor is kept constant, or the battery cooling branch 4 corresponding to the battery 6 is adjusted to be reduced. Coolant flow to reduce battery cooling power.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池6的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池6的降溫,所以,控制器獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻該電池的壓縮機1的功率,或者增加該電池所在的電池冷卻支路4的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,相應的壓縮機1的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果其中某一電池6的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持用於冷卻該電池的壓縮機1的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機1的功率,或者減少該電池所在的電池冷卻支路4的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當所有電池6的溫度低於35℃時,則電池6冷卻完成,控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制所有的第二電子閥43關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池6的溫度高於35℃,則控制器適當增加相應的壓縮機1的功率或者幫浦的轉速,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 and P2 of each battery 6, respectively, and makes a judgment. If the P1 of one of the batteries 6 is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery 6 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the controller acquires the power between the battery P1 and P2. Poor, and increase the power of the compressor 1 for cooling the battery according to the power difference, or increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch 4 where the battery is located to increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the power of P1 and P2 The greater the difference, the more the power of the corresponding compressor 1 and the coolant flow rate of the battery increase, so that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within a preset time t. And if P1 of one of the batteries 6 is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor 1 for cooling the battery may be kept constant or the power of the compressor 1 may be appropriately reduced, or the battery cooling branch where the battery is located may be reduced 4 The coolant flow reduces the cooling power of the battery. When the temperature of all the batteries 6 is lower than 35 ° C, the battery 6 is cooled, and the controller transmits information for turning off the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and controls all the second electronic valves 43 to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery 6 is still higher than 35 ° C, the controller appropriately increases the power of the corresponding compressor 1 or the rotation speed of the pump to make the battery Complete the cooling as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,控制器在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器53的功率,以增加電池的加熱功率,以及在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小加熱器53的功率,或保持加熱器53的功率不變。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2. The power difference between the two, and the power of the heater 53 for heating the battery is increased according to the power difference to increase the heating power of the battery, and when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, The power of the small heater 53 or the power of the heater 53 is kept constant.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池6的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池6的升溫,所以,控制器獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池6的加熱器53的功率,以使該電池可以在目標時間內完成溫度調節。其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器53的功率增加的越多。而如果某個電池的P1小於或等於P2,控制器可以適當減小加熱器53的功率,以節省電能,或保持加熱器53的功率不變。當所有電池6的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池6加熱完成,控制器控制加熱器53關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池6的溫度低於10℃,則控制器再適當增加加熱器53的功率,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, the controller acquires P1 and P2 of each battery 6, respectively, and makes a determination. If P1 of one of the batteries 6 is greater than P2, it means that if the heating of the battery 6 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the controller acquires the power between P1 and P2 of the battery. It is poor, and the power for heating the heater 53 of the battery 6 is increased in accordance with the power difference so that the battery can complete the temperature adjustment within the target time. Among them, the larger the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater 53 is increased. And if P1 of a certain battery is less than or equal to P2, the controller can appropriately reduce the power of the heater 53 to save power or keep the power of the heater 53 unchanged. When the temperature of all the batteries 6 is higher than a preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the heating of the battery 6 is completed, and the controller controls the heater 53 to be turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery 6 is still lower than 10 ° C, the controller further increases the power of the heater 53 to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
舉例而言,如第11A圖所示,由於第一電池61和第二電池62的加熱功能相互獨立,第一電池61和第二電池62分別用一加熱器進行加熱,所以只以第一電池61為例說明電池加熱功能的功率調節。(假設P11為第一電池61的溫度調節需求功率,P21為第一電池61的溫度調節實際功率,P11與P21的功率差為P31)For example, as shown in FIG. 11A, since the heating functions of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 are independent of each other, the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 are respectively heated by a heater, so only the first battery is used. 61 is an example to illustrate the power adjustment of the battery heating function. (Assume that P11 is the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery 61, P21 is the temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery 61, and the power difference between P11 and P21 is P31)
如果P11>P21,需要調節的功率為P31(P31=P11-P21)時,加熱器53的加熱功率增加P31,並提高幫浦51的轉速。If P11>P21, the power to be adjusted is P31 (P31=P11-P21), the heating power of the heater 53 is increased by P31, and the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased.
如果P11≤P21,需要調節的功率為P31(P31=P11-P21)時,加熱器53的功率保持不變,或者將加熱器53的功率減少P31,或者降低幫浦51的轉速。If P11 ≤ P21, and the power to be adjusted is P31 (P31 = P11 - P21), the power of the heater 53 remains unchanged, or the power of the heater 53 is decreased by P31, or the rotational speed of the pump 51 is lowered.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,降低幫浦51的轉速,並在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,提高幫浦51的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the rotation speed of the pump 51 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, and adjust the temperature requirement of a certain battery. When the power P1 is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果某個電池6的P1小於P2,控制器控制相應的幫浦51的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果某個電池6的P1大於P2,控制器除控制相應的加熱器53或壓縮機1的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還控制幫浦51的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高該電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of a certain battery 6 is smaller than P2, the controller controls the rotation speed of the corresponding pump 51 to be reduced to save electric energy. If the P1 of a certain battery 6 is greater than P2, the controller controls the power of the corresponding heater 53 or the compressor 1 to increase or the coolant flow rate of the circuit in which the battery is located to increase, and also controls the rotation speed of the pump 51 to increase. The quality of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the cooling flow path per unit time increases the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如果用於為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機1為複數個,控制器還用於根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量,並在溫度調節系統為冷卻模式時,控制相應數量的壓縮機1啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, if there are a plurality of compressors 1 for supplying a refrigerant to a battery, the controller is further configured to adjust the required power P1 according to the temperature of each battery and the maximum cooling power P of each compressor. The number of compressors started, and when the temperature regulation system is in the cooling mode, controls the corresponding number of compressors 1 to start.
進一步地,控制器可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率Pz,控制器在判斷總溫度調節需求功率Pz大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P時,控制複數壓縮機1同時啟動。Further, the controller may generate the total temperature adjustment required power Pz according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, and the controller controls the plurality of compressors 1 when determining that the total temperature adjustment required power Pz is greater than the maximum cooling power P of the single compressor Start at the same time.
具體地,如第11A圖所示,以壓縮機1為兩個為例,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf,將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率相加可計算出所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和P5。其中,第一電池61的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池61的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率為P22。每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P相等。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11A, taking the compressor 1 as two as an example, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 of each battery 6, and the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of each battery, respectively. The maximum cooling power P of a single compressor, and the P1 of each battery is added to calculate the total temperature adjustment demand power Pz of the entire temperature regulation system, and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual The power Pf, which adds the maximum cooling power of each compressor, calculates the sum P5 of the maximum cooling powers of all the compressors. The temperature adjustment required power of the first battery 61 is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery 62 is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery 61 is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery 62 is P22. The maximum cooling power P of each compressor is equal.
如果Pz≤P,那麼只需要控制一壓縮機1工作,提供製冷功率,也可以控制兩個壓縮機1一同工作。如果P<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機1一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率為Pz/2。如果Pz≤P5,則控制壓縮機1按照Pz製冷功率運行,且通過調節第一至第四調節閥的開度,使第一電池冷卻支路401的初始冷卻功率按照P11製冷功率進行冷卻,第二電池冷卻支路402初始冷卻功率按照P21製冷功率進行冷卻。如果Pz>P5,則每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行,且第一電池冷卻支路401的初始冷卻功率可以按照P5*[P11/(P11+P12)]製冷功率進行冷卻,第二電池冷卻支路402的初始冷卻功率可以按照P5 *[P12/(P11+P12)]製冷功率進行冷卻。If Pz ≤ P, then only one compressor 1 needs to be controlled to provide cooling power, and two compressors 1 can also be controlled to work together. If P < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors 1 are required to work together, and the initial cooling power of each compressor is Pz/2. If Pz ≤ P5, the compressor 1 is controlled to operate according to the Pz cooling power, and by adjusting the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves, the initial cooling power of the first battery cooling branch 401 is cooled according to the P11 cooling power, The initial cooling power of the two-cell cooling branch 402 is cooled according to the P21 cooling power. If Pz>P5, each compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P, and the initial cooling power of the first battery cooling branch 401 can be cooled according to the P5*[P11/(P11+P12)] cooling power, the second battery The initial cooling power of the cooling branch 402 can be cooled according to the cooling power of P5*[P12/(P11+P12)].
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於,在為冷卻模式時,當電池6之間的溫度差超過設定值時,增大溫度較高電池6的冷卻功率,以使減小電池6之間的溫度差異;在為加熱模式時,當電池之間的溫度差超過設定值時,增大溫度較低的電池6的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to increase the cooling power of the battery 6 with a higher temperature when the temperature difference between the batteries 6 exceeds a set value in the cooling mode, so that the battery 6 is reduced. The difference in temperature between; when in the heating mode, when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds the set value, the heating power of the battery 6 having a lower temperature is increased.
可以理解,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式時,如第11A圖所示,控制器可以分別計算出第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率P1,然後分別根據每個電池的P1和壓縮機的最大製冷功率P調節相應的第二膨脹閥42的開度。在冷卻程序中,控制器分別根據每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2繼續調整第二膨脹閥42的開度。同時,控制器根據第一電池61和第二電池62之間的溫度情況,通過調節第一至第四調節閥411-414的開度,調節第一電池冷卻支路401和第二電池冷卻支路402的冷卻液流量分配,從而達到控制第一電池61和第二電池62溫度的均衡。其中,當第一電池61的溫度比第二電池62的溫度高且差值超過設定值時,可增大第一調節閥411和第三調節閥413的開度,減少第二調節閥412和第四調節閥414的開度,以增大第一電池61的冷卻功率;當第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度相等時,如果兩個壓縮機1的提供的冷卻功率相等,可控制第一至第四調節閥411-414的開度相同;而如果兩個壓縮機1提供的冷卻功率不相等,那麼可以控制第一調節閥411和第二調節閥412開度相等,且控制第三調節閥413和第四調節閥414開度相等。而當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,當第一電池61的溫度比第二電池62的溫度低且差值超過設定值時,則控制器增大第一電池61對應的加熱器53的加熱功率。由此,可以保持兩個電池之間的溫度均衡。根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節系統還可以第11B圖和第11C圖所示。其中,第11B圖為複數壓縮機(即第11B圖中的第一壓縮機11和第二壓縮機12)並聯且共用一膨脹閥,每個電池冷卻支路增加調節閥(即第一調節閥411和第二調節閥412),通過調節閥調節流入每個電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,以調節每個電池的冷卻功率。第11C圖為複數壓縮機(即第11C圖中的第一壓縮機11和第二壓縮機12)並聯且共用一冷凝器2,每個電池冷卻支路中都設置有第二膨脹閥42和電子閥(,通過調節第二膨脹閥42的開度調節流入每個電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,以調節每個電池的冷卻功率,通過電子閥控制每個電池冷卻支路的開閉。It can be understood that when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode, as shown in FIG. 11A, the controller can separately calculate the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62, and then respectively according to the P1 of each battery. The opening degree of the corresponding second expansion valve 42 is adjusted with the maximum cooling power P of the compressor. In the cooling process, the controller continues to adjust the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 according to the actual power P2 of each battery. At the same time, the controller adjusts the first battery cooling branch 401 and the second battery cooling branch by adjusting the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves 411-414 according to the temperature condition between the first battery 61 and the second battery 62. The coolant flow rate of the path 402 is distributed so as to control the equalization of the temperatures of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62. Wherein, when the temperature of the first battery 61 is higher than the temperature of the second battery 62 and the difference exceeds the set value, the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 411 and the third regulating valve 413 may be increased, and the second regulating valve 412 and the second regulating valve 412 may be decreased. The opening degree of the fourth regulating valve 414 is to increase the cooling power of the first battery 61; when the temperatures of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 are equal, if the cooling powers provided by the two compressors 1 are equal, controllable The opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves 411-414 are the same; and if the cooling powers provided by the two compressors 1 are not equal, the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 411 and the second regulating valve 412 can be controlled to be equal, and the control is The three regulating valves 413 and the fourth regulating valve 414 are equally open. When the temperature adjustment system operates in the heating mode, when the temperature of the first battery 61 is lower than the temperature of the second battery 62 and the difference exceeds the set value, the controller increases the heating of the heater 53 corresponding to the first battery 61. power. Thereby, the temperature balance between the two batteries can be maintained. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle battery can also be shown in FIGS. 11B and 11C. Wherein, FIG. 11B shows that the plurality of compressors (ie, the first compressor 11 and the second compressor 12 in FIG. 11B) are connected in parallel and share an expansion valve, and each of the battery cooling branches increases the regulating valve (ie, the first regulating valve). 411 and the second regulating valve 412) adjust the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the battery cooling branches through the regulating valve to adjust the cooling power of each battery. 11C is a parallel compressor (ie, the first compressor 11 and the second compressor 12 in FIG. 11C) are connected in parallel and share a condenser 2, and each of the battery cooling branches is provided with a second expansion valve 42 and The electronic valve adjusts the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the battery cooling branches by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 to adjust the cooling power of each battery, and controls the opening and closing of each of the battery cooling branches through the electronic valve.
下面結合具體地實施例描述第11C圖所示的系統的溫度調節程序。The temperature adjustment procedure of the system shown in Fig. 11C will be described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment.
如第11C圖所示,電池可以包括第一電池和第二電池,Pz=P11+P12,P11為第一電池的溫度調節需求功率,P12為第二電池溫度調節的需求功率,Pz為第一電池和第二電池的溫度調節需求功率之和(總溫度調節需求功率Pz)。Pf=P21+P22,P21為電池的溫度調節實際功率,P22為電池的溫度調節實際功率,Pf為第一電池和第二電池的溫度調節實際功率之和。P為壓縮機最大製冷功率,P5為所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和,P5=2*P。As shown in FIG. 11C, the battery may include a first battery and a second battery, Pz=P11+P12, P11 is the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery, and P12 is the required power for the second battery temperature adjustment, and Pz is the first. The sum of the temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second battery (total temperature adjustment required power Pz). Pf=P21+P22, P21 is the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery, P22 is the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery, and Pf is the sum of the temperature adjustment actual powers of the first battery and the second battery. P is the maximum cooling power of the compressor, and P5 is the sum of the maximum cooling power of all the compressors, P5=2*P.
壓縮機功率初始分配: 如果Pz≤P,則只需要一壓縮機工作,提供製冷功率,又或者兩個壓縮機一同工作;如果P<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率為Pz/2;如果Pz>P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行。Initial distribution of compressor power: If Pz ≤ P, only one compressor is needed to provide cooling power, or two compressors work together; if P < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors are required to work together, each The initial cooling power of the compressor is Pz/2; if Pz>P5, two compressors are required to work together, and each compressor operates at the maximum cooling power P.
當Pz≤P5時,壓縮機按照Pz製冷功率運行,第一電池61冷卻支路初始冷卻功率按照P11製冷功率進行冷卻;第二電池62冷卻支路初始冷卻功率按照P21製冷功率進行冷卻。當Pz>P5時,則每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行。第一電池61冷卻支路初始冷卻功率按照P5*[P11/(P11+P12)]製冷功率進行冷卻;第二電池62冷卻支路初始冷卻功率按照P5 *[P12/(P11+P12)]製冷功率進行冷卻。When Pz ≤ P5, the compressor operates according to the Pz cooling power, the initial cooling power of the first battery 61 cooling branch is cooled according to the P11 cooling power, and the second battery 62 cooling branch initial cooling power is cooled according to the P21 cooling power. When Pz>P5, each compressor operates at the maximum cooling power P. The initial cooling power of the cooling branch of the first battery 61 is cooled according to the cooling power of P5*[P11/(P11+P12)]; the initial cooling power of the cooling branch of the second battery 62 is cooled according to P5*[P12/(P11+P12)] The power is cooled.
在對電池冷卻的程序中,需對電池的冷卻功率進行調節,具體如下: 當Pz>Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)。如果Pz +Pc≤P5,則壓縮機需要增大的製冷功率為Pc,。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,並控制所在迴路的幫浦的轉速提高,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,並控制所在迴路的幫浦的轉速提高,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的膨脹閥8開度減少,並控制所在迴路的幫浦的轉速降低,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,並控制所在迴路的幫浦的轉速降低,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。In the process of cooling the battery, the cooling power of the battery needs to be adjusted as follows: When Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pz-Pf). If Pz + Pc ≤ P5, the compressor needs to increase the cooling power to be Pc. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11 ≥ P21, and P11-P21 = Pc1, the opening degree of the expansion valve that controls the circuit in which the first battery 61 is located is increased, and the rotation speed of the pump of the control circuit is increased, so that the first battery 61 is The cooling power is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the expansion valve opening degree of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is increased, and the rotation speed of the pump of the control circuit is increased, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11 < P12, and P21 - P11 = Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept constant, or the opening degree of the expansion valve 8 of the circuit in which the first battery 61 is controlled is decreased, and the rotation speed of the pump of the circuit in which the circuit is controlled is lowered. The cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12<P22, and P22-P12=Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept unchanged, or the opening degree of the expansion valve of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, and the rotation speed of the pump of the control circuit is lowered. The cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
P5如果Pz +Pc>P5,則每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行,提高水幫浦轉速。同時進行如下處理: 控制第一電池61所在冷卻支路的膨脹閥開度,使得第一電池61冷卻支路冷卻功率按照P5*[P11/(P11+P12)]製冷功率進行冷卻;控制第二電池62所在冷卻支路的膨脹閥開度,使得第二電池62冷卻支路冷卻功率按照P5 *[P12/(P11+P12)]製冷功率進行冷卻。P5 If Pz +Pc>P5, each compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P, increasing the water pump speed. At the same time, the following processing is performed: controlling the opening degree of the expansion valve of the cooling branch where the first battery 61 is located, so that the cooling power of the cooling branch of the first battery 61 is cooled according to the cooling power of P5*[P11/(P11+P12)]; The expansion valve opening of the cooling branch where the battery 62 is located causes the cooling power of the cooling branch of the second battery 62 to be cooled according to the cooling power of P5*[P12/(P11+P12)].
當Pz≤Pf時,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pf-Pz)時,則維持壓縮機製冷功率不變,或者降低壓縮機的製冷功率,同時進行如下處理。如果P11≥P21,且P11-P21=Pc1,則控制第一電池61所在迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,並控制所在迴路的幫浦的轉速提高,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加Pc1。如果P12≥P22,且P12-P22=Pc2,則控制第二電池62所在迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,並控制所在迴路的幫浦的轉速提高,使得電池62的冷卻功率增加Pc2。如果P11<P12,且P21-P11=Pc1,則保持第一電池61的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第一電池61所在迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,並控制所在迴路的幫浦的轉速降低,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。如果P12<P22,且P22-P12=Pc2,則保持第二電池62的冷卻功率不變,或者控制第二電池62所在迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,並控制所在迴路的幫浦的轉速降低,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。When Pz ≤ Pf, when the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc = Pf - Pz), the compressor cooling power is maintained, or the cooling power of the compressor is lowered, and the following processing is performed. If P11 ≥ P21, and P11 - P21 = Pc1, the expansion valve opening degree of the circuit in which the first battery 61 is controlled is increased, and the rotation speed of the pump of the control circuit is increased, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased by Pc1. If P12 ≥ P22, and P12 - P22 = Pc2, the expansion valve opening of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is increased, and the rotation speed of the pump of the circuit in which it is controlled is increased, so that the cooling power of the battery 62 is increased by Pc2. If P11<P12 and P21-P11=Pc1, the cooling power of the first battery 61 is kept unchanged, or the opening degree of the expansion valve of the circuit in which the first battery 61 is controlled is decreased, and the rotation speed of the pump of the control circuit is lowered. The cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. If P12<P22, and P22-P12=Pc2, the cooling power of the second battery 62 is kept unchanged, or the opening degree of the expansion valve of the circuit in which the second battery 62 is controlled is decreased, and the rotation speed of the pump of the control circuit is lowered. The cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
加熱功率調整: 由於第一電池61和第二電池62的加熱功能相互獨立,第一電池61和第二電池62分別用一加熱器進行第一電池61的加熱需求功率,P21為第二電池61的實際加熱功率,功率差為P31)如果P11>P21,需要調節的功率為P31(P31=P11-P21),加熱器的加熱功率增加P31,並提高幫浦的轉速。如果P11≤P21,需要調節的功率為P31(P31=P11-P21)時,加熱器的功率保持不變,或者減少加熱功率P31,或者降低幫浦的轉速。Heating power adjustment: Since the heating functions of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 are independent of each other, the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 respectively perform heating demand power of the first battery 61 with a heater, and P21 is the second battery 61. The actual heating power, the power difference is P31) If P11>P21, the power to be adjusted is P31 (P31=P11-P21), the heating power of the heater is increased by P31, and the speed of the pump is increased. If P11 ≤ P21, the power to be adjusted is P31 (P31 = P11 - P21), the power of the heater remains unchanged, or the heating power P31 is reduced, or the speed of the pump is reduced.
電池溫度均衡: 在進行電池冷卻程序中,如果第一電池61的溫度T61和第二電池62的溫度T62之間的電池溫度差異超過3℃,該溫度值為預設值,即如果T61-T62>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制第一電池61冷卻支路中的第二膨脹閥42的開度增加,或者同時控制第一電池61所在支路中幫浦的轉速提高,控制第二電池62冷卻支路中的第二膨脹閥42的開度減少,或者同時控制第二電池62所在支路中幫浦的轉速降低,以便使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增加,第二電池62的冷卻功率減少,從而實現第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度均衡。Battery temperature equalization: In the battery cooling process, if the battery temperature difference between the temperature T61 of the first battery 61 and the temperature T62 of the second battery 62 exceeds 3 ° C, the temperature value is a preset value, that is, if T61-T62 >3 ° C, the battery thermal management controller controls the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the cooling branch of the first battery 61 to increase, or simultaneously controls the rotation speed of the pump in the branch where the first battery 61 is located, and controls the second The opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the cooling branch of the battery 62 is decreased, or at the same time, the rotation speed of the pump in the branch in which the second battery 62 is located is controlled to decrease, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased, and the second battery 62 is The cooling power is reduced, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62.
而如果T62-T61>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制第二電池62冷卻支路中的第二膨脹閥42開度增加,或者同時控制第二電池62所在支路中幫浦的轉速提高,控制第一電池61冷卻支路中的第二膨脹閥42的開度減少,或者同時控制第一電池61所在支路中幫浦的轉速降低,以便使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增加,第一電池61的冷卻功率減少,從而實現第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度均衡。And if T62-T61>3°C, the battery thermal management controller controls the second expansion valve 42 in the cooling branch of the second battery 62 to increase the opening degree, or simultaneously controls the rotation speed of the pump in the branch where the second battery 62 is located. Controlling the decrease in the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the cooling branch of the first battery 61, or simultaneously controlling the decrease in the rotational speed of the pump in the branch in which the first battery 61 is located, so as to increase the cooling power of the second battery 62, The cooling power of one battery 61 is reduced, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62.
在進行電池加熱程序中,如第一電池61和第二電池62之間的電池溫度差異超過3℃,即如果T61-T62>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制控制第一電池61所在加熱迴路中的加熱器53的加熱功率減少,並降低該迴路的幫浦51轉速,並控制第二電池62加熱迴路中的加熱器53的加熱功率增大,並提高該迴路幫浦轉速,以便使得第一電池61的加熱功率增加,第二電池62的加熱功率減少,從而實現第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度均衡。如果T62-T61>3℃,則電池熱管理控制器控制第一電池61所在加熱迴路中的加熱器53的加熱功率增加,並增加該迴路的幫浦51轉速,並且控制第二電池62加熱迴路中的加熱器53的加熱功率減小,並降低該迴路幫浦轉速,以便使得第一電池61的加熱功率減小,第二電池62的加熱功率增加,從而實現第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度均衡。In the battery heating process, if the battery temperature difference between the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 exceeds 3 ° C, that is, if T61-T62 > 3 ° C, the battery thermal management controller controls the heating of the first battery 61. The heating power of the heater 53 in the circuit is reduced, and the rotation speed of the pump 51 of the circuit is lowered, and the heating power of the heater 53 in the heating circuit of the second battery 62 is controlled to increase, and the rotation speed of the circuit is increased to make The heating power of the first battery 61 is increased, and the heating power of the second battery 62 is decreased, thereby achieving temperature equalization of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62. If T62-T61>3°C, the battery thermal management controller controls the heating power of the heater 53 in the heating circuit in which the first battery 61 is located to increase, and increases the rotation speed of the pump 51 of the circuit, and controls the heating circuit of the second battery 62. The heating power of the heater 53 is reduced, and the loop pump speed is lowered to reduce the heating power of the first battery 61, and the heating power of the second battery 62 is increased, thereby realizing the first battery 61 and the second battery. The temperature of 62 is balanced.
可以理解的是,第11B圖與第11C圖的區別在於,第11B圖是通過第一電池61所在第一電池冷卻支路401和第二電池62所在第二電池冷卻支路402的之間的冷卻功率由調節閥實現功率調節;第11C圖的兩個電池冷卻支路是通過膨脹閥實現2個冷卻支路的冷卻功率調節的。第11B圖的具體調節程序可參照上述實施例,此處不再贅述。It can be understood that the difference between FIG. 11B and FIG. 11C is that FIG. 11B is between the first battery cooling branch 401 where the first battery 61 is located and the second battery cooling branch 402 where the second battery 62 is located. The cooling power is regulated by the regulating valve; the two battery cooling branches of Fig. 11C are adjusted by the expansion valve to achieve the cooling power of the two cooling branches. For the specific adjustment procedure of FIG. 11B, reference may be made to the above embodiments, and details are not described herein again.
根據本發明實施例的溫度調節系統可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況,並且,由於複數電池冷卻支路之間相互連通,電池溫度調節模組可以通過調節每個電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度,保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。The temperature adjustment system according to the embodiment of the present invention can accurately control the heating power and the cooling power of each battery according to the actual state of each battery, and adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low to maintain the temperature of the battery. In the preset range, the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature is avoided, and since the plurality of battery cooling branches are connected to each other, the battery temperature adjustment module can be adjusted by adjusting the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch corresponding to each battery. Degree, to ensure the temperature balance between the individual batteries.
第12a圖是根據本發明第六個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖。車載電池的溫度調節系統包括複數壓縮機及與複數壓縮機對應的複數電池冷卻支路、複數電池和連接在複數電池和複數電池冷卻支路之間的複數電池溫度調節模組。如第12a圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節方法包括以下步驟:Fig. 12a is a flow chart showing a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The vehicle battery temperature regulation system includes a plurality of compressors and a plurality of battery cooling branches corresponding to the plurality of compressors, a plurality of batteries, and a plurality of battery temperature adjustment modules connected between the plurality of batteries and the plurality of battery cooling branches. As shown in Fig. 12a, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery includes the following steps:
S1’’,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。S1'', respectively, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of batteries is obtained.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,如第12b圖所示,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率P1具體包括: S11’’,分別獲取每個電池的開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 12b, respectively obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: S11'', respectively acquiring the first parameter when the opening temperature of each battery is adjusted, And generating a first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the first parameter.
S12’’,分別獲取每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率。S12'', respectively obtaining a second parameter of each battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the second parameter.
S13’’,根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率分別產生每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。S13'', the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is respectively generated according to the first temperature adjustment required power of each battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間t,根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 。根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first parameter is generated according to the first parameter. A temperature adjustment required power specifically includes: obtaining a first temperature difference ΔT 1 between the initial temperature and the target temperature. The first temperature adjustment required power is generated based on the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t, (1) 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t, (1) where ΔT 1 is between the initial temperature and the target temperature The first temperature difference, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,第二參數為每個電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,通過以下公式(2)產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2) 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is the average current I of each battery for a preset time, and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery is generated by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2 Where I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
其中,當對電池進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。Wherein, when the battery is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
S2’’,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。S2'', respectively, obtains the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第12b圖所示,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節實際功率P2具體包括: S21’’,獲取用於調節每個電池溫度的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取冷卻液流入流路的流速v。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 12b, respectively acquiring the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: S21'', obtaining an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting the temperature of each battery, And obtain the flow rate v of the coolant flowing into the flow path.
S22’’,根據每個電池的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度產生第二溫度差ΔT2 。S22'', a second temperature difference ΔT 2 is generated according to the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the flow path of each battery.
S23’’,根據每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速v產生每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。S23'', the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of each battery is generated according to the second temperature difference ΔT 2 and the flow rate v of each battery.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,進根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is the flow path The specific heat capacity of the medium coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow The area of the road.
S3’’,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對電池的溫度進行調節。其中,複數電池冷卻支路之間相互連通,且根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2調節複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路提供的製冷量開度。S3'', the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery is controlled to adjust the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. Wherein, the plurality of battery cooling branches communicate with each other, and the cooling capacity opening degree provided by the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
在本發明的實施例中,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2在目標時間t內對每個電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對電池的溫度進行調節,以達到目標溫度。In the embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery is controlled according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 to adjust the temperature of the battery, specifically: adjusting the required power according to the temperature. P1 and the temperature-regulated actual power P2 control the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery during the target time t to adjust the temperature of the battery to reach the target temperature.
根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2調節複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路提供的製冷量開度,具體包括:判斷每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2;如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,則提高複數壓縮機或者單個壓縮機的製冷功率,或者增大向電池對應的電池冷卻支路提供的製冷量開度。Adjusting the required power P1 and the temperature adjusting actual power P2 according to the temperature of the battery to adjust the cooling capacity provided by the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery, specifically comprising: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is greater than the battery The temperature adjusts the actual power P2; if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, the cooling power of the plurality of compressors or the single compressor is increased, or the cooling provided to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery is increased. The amount of opening.
具體地,車輛通電後,判斷電池是否需要進行溫度調節,如果判斷需要,則分別獲取每個電池的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算分別出第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,分別獲取每個電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)分別計算每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,分別根據每個電池第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率,分別計算每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1(即將電池的溫度調節至目標溫度的需求功率)。並且,分別獲取每個電池的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取流流速資訊,根據公式(3)分別計算出每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。然後,可以根據對應電池的溫度調節需求功率和P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,通過調節流入到相應的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液的流量或者相應的加熱器功率調節電池的製冷功率/加熱功率,從而可以以確保在目標時間t內根據每個電池的實際狀態對電池的溫度進行調節。同時,由於複數電池冷卻支路之間相互連通,因此可以根據每個電池的溫度,通過調節電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度,可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。由此,可以在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時在目標時間內對溫度進行調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, it is determined whether the battery needs to be temperature-regulated, and if it is determined, the initial temperature (ie, the current temperature) of each battery, the target temperature, and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature are respectively acquired, wherein the target The temperature and the target time t can be preset according to actual conditions, and the first temperature adjustment required power is calculated according to formula (1). At the same time, the average current I of each battery in a preset time is respectively obtained, and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery is separately calculated according to formula (2). Then, according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery, respectively, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery (that is, the required power of the battery is adjusted to the target temperature) is calculated. And, respectively, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of each battery are obtained, and the flow velocity information is obtained, and the actual temperature adjustment power P2 of each battery is calculated according to formula (3). Then, the required power and P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 can be adjusted according to the temperature of the corresponding battery, and the cooling power/heating power of the battery can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the coolant flowing into the corresponding battery cooling branch or the corresponding heater power. Thereby, it is possible to ensure that the temperature of the battery is adjusted in accordance with the actual state of each battery within the target time t. At the same time, since the plurality of battery cooling branches are connected to each other, the temperature of each battery can be balanced by adjusting the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery according to the temperature of each battery. Therefore, the temperature can be adjusted within the target time when the temperature of the vehicle battery is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained within a preset range, thereby avoiding the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature.
下面將結合具體的實施例描述如何根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對電池的溫度進行調節。How to control the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery to adjust the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第12b圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括: S31’’,根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率PZ 。According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 12b of the temperature adjusting method of vehicle battery may further include: S31 '', the required power adjustment of the temperature of each cell P1 produce a total power demand temperature regulator P Z.
S32’’,根據複數壓縮機的最大製冷功率P產生複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5。S32'', the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors is generated based on the maximum cooling power P of the plurality of compressors.
S33’’,判斷總溫度調節需求功率PZ 是否大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5。S33'', it is judged whether the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors.
S34’’,如果總溫度調節需求功率PZ 大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,則將複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度調整至最大。S34'', if the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the cooling capacity of the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery is adjusted to the maximum.
S35’’,如果總溫度調節需求功率PZ 小於或等於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,則根據總溫度調節需求功率PZ 與總最大製冷功率P5之差對電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度進行調整。S35'', if the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is less than or equal to the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the difference between the required power P Z and the total maximum cooling power P5 is adjusted according to the total temperature to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery The cooling capacity is adjusted.
具體地,可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,即將每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1相加即可得到總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,同時根據每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P計算出複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,即將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P相加即可得到總最大製冷功率P5。然後,判斷是否PZ >P5,如果是,則控制將每個第二膨脹閥的開度調節至最大,以將複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量調整至最大,以使電池可以在目標時間t內完成降溫。而如果PZ ≤P5,則根據PZ 與P5之間的差值對第二膨脹閥的開度進行調整,其中,PZ 與P5差值的絕對值越大,第二膨脹閥的開度越小,以達到節約能源的目的。Specifically, the total temperature adjustment required power P Z of the entire temperature adjustment system can be calculated according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, that is, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment required power P. Z. At the same time, the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors is calculated according to the maximum cooling power P of each compressor, that is, the maximum cooling power P of each compressor is added to obtain the total maximum cooling power P5. Then, it is judged whether P Z >P5, and if so, the control adjusts the opening degree of each of the second expansion valves to the maximum to adjust the coolant flow rate of the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery to the maximum The battery can be cooled down within the target time t. And if P Z ≤ P5, the opening degree of the second expansion valve is adjusted according to the difference between P Z and P5, wherein the larger the absolute value of the difference between P Z and P5 is, the opening degree of the second expansion valve The smaller, the goal of saving energy.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第13圖所示,電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括以下步驟: 偵測電池的溫度,並判斷溫度是否大於第一溫度臨界值或者小於第二溫度臨界值(S10’’-S20’’)。當電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,進入冷卻模式(S30’’)。其中,第一預設溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為40℃。當電池的溫度小於等於第一溫度臨界值時,進一步地判斷電池的溫度是否小於第二溫度臨界值,當電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,進入加熱模式(S40’’-S50’’)。其中,第二預設溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 13, the temperature adjustment method of the battery may further include the steps of: detecting a temperature of the battery, and determining whether the temperature is greater than a first temperature threshold or less than a second temperature threshold ( S10''-S20''). When the temperature of the battery is greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered (S30''). The first preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 40 ° C. When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, further determining whether the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature threshold, and entering the heating mode when the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature threshold (S40''-S50'' ). The second preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,即時偵測每個電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中某個電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行降溫處理,進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統。而如果某個電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行升溫處理,進入加熱模式,控制相應的電池冷卻支路關閉,並控制加熱器開啟,以為電池提供加熱功率。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of each battery is instantly detected and judged. If the temperature of one of the batteries is higher than 40 °C, the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the influence of high temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be cooled, enters the cooling mode, and sends the battery cooling function. Start the information to the air conditioning system. If the temperature of a battery is lower than 0 °C, the temperature of the battery is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be warmed up, enters the heating mode, and controls the corresponding battery cooling. The branch is closed and the heater is turned on to provide heating power to the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第13圖所示,當為冷卻模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括:According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 13, when in the cooling mode, the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery is controlled according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 to the battery The temperature is adjusted, including:
S36’’,判斷每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於每個電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2。S36'', it is judged whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is larger than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 corresponding to each battery.
S37’’,如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池的壓縮機的功率,或者調節增加電池對應的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率。S37'', if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery, the power difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and according to the power difference The power of the compressor for cooling the battery is increased, or the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery is increased to increase the cooling power of the battery.
S38’’,如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池對應的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。S38'', if the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of a battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 corresponding to the battery, reduce the power of the compressor or keep the power of the compressor unchanged, or adjust the battery cooling corresponding to the battery. The coolant flow of the branch to reduce the cooling power of the battery.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的降溫,所以,獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻該電池的壓縮機的功率,或者增加該電池所在的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,相應的壓縮機的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果其中某一電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持用於冷卻該電池的壓縮機的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機的功率,或者減少該電池所在的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當所有電池的溫度低於35℃時,則電池冷卻完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制第二電子閥關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度高於35℃,則再適當增加相應的壓縮機的功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, P1 and P2 of each battery are respectively acquired and judged. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and according to The power difference is increased by the power of the compressor for cooling the battery, or the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch where the battery is located to increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the power difference between P1 and P2 is larger, correspondingly The more the power of the compressor and the coolant flow rate of the battery are increased, so that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within a preset time t. And if P1 of one of the batteries is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor for cooling the battery can be kept constant or the power of the compressor can be appropriately reduced, or the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch where the battery is located can be reduced. , reduce the cooling power of the battery. When the temperature of all the batteries is lower than 35 °C, the battery cooling is completed, the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the second electronic valve is controlled to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ° C, then the power of the corresponding compressor is appropriately increased, so that the battery is cooled as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第13圖所示,當為加熱模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對每個電池的對應的電池溫度調節模組進行控制以對電池的溫度進行調節,具體包括: S39’’,判斷每個電池的溫度調節需求P1功率是否大於每個電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 13, when in the heating mode, the corresponding battery temperature adjustment module of each battery is controlled according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 to the battery The temperature is adjusted, specifically including: S39'', determining whether the temperature adjustment requirement P1 power of each battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 corresponding to each battery.
S310’’,如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加加熱器的功率,以增加該電池的加熱功率。S310'', if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery, the power difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and according to the power difference Increase the power of the heater to increase the heating power of the battery.
S311’’,如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小加熱器的功率,或保持加熱器的功率不變。S311'', if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than or equal to the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 corresponding to the battery, the power of the heater is reduced, or the power of the heater is kept constant.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的升溫,所以,獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率,以使該電池可以在目標時間內完成溫度調節。而如果某個電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以適當減小加熱器的功率,以節省電能,或保持加熱器的功率不變。當所有電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度低於10℃,則再適當增加熱器的功率,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, P1 and P2 of each battery are respectively acquired and judged. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the heating temperature of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and according to The power difference increases the power of the heater used to heat the battery so that the battery can complete temperature regulation within the target time. If the P1 of a battery is less than or equal to P2, the power of the heater can be appropriately reduced to save power or keep the power of the heater unchanged. When the temperature of all the batteries is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery is heated, and the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the heater is turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is lower than 10 ° C, the power of the heater is appropriately increased to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
舉例而言,如第11A圖所示,由於第一電池和第二電池的加熱功能相互獨立,第一電池和第二電池分別用一加熱器進行加熱,所以只以第一電池為例說明電池加熱功能的功率調節。(假設P11為第一電池的溫度調節需求功率,P21為第一電池的溫度調節實際功率,P11與P21的功率差為P31)For example, as shown in FIG. 11A, since the heating functions of the first battery and the second battery are independent of each other, the first battery and the second battery are respectively heated by a heater, so the battery is only illustrated by taking the first battery as an example. Power regulation of the heating function. (Assume that P11 is the temperature regulation required power of the first battery, P21 is the temperature regulation actual power of the first battery, and the power difference between P11 and P21 is P31)
如果P11>P21,需要調節的功率為P31(P31=P11-P21)時,加熱器的加熱功率增加P31,並提高幫浦的轉速。If P11>P21, the power to be adjusted is P31 (P31=P11-P21), the heating power of the heater is increased by P31, and the rotation speed of the pump is increased.
如果P11≤P21,需要調節的功率為P31(P31=P11-P21)時,加熱器的功率保持不變,或者將加熱器的功率減少P31,或者降低幫浦的轉速。If P11 ≤ P21, the power to be adjusted is P31 (P31 = P11 - P21), the power of the heater remains unchanged, or the power of the heater is reduced by P31, or the speed of the pump is lowered.
根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則降低幫浦的轉速;如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則提高幫浦的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery may further include: if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, reducing the rotation speed of the pump; if the temperature of a certain battery When the required power P1 is adjusted to be greater than the corresponding temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the rotational speed of the pump is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果某個電池的P1小於P2,控制幫浦的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果某個電池的P1大於P2,除控制加熱器、壓縮機的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還可以控制幫浦的轉速提高,以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高該電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of a certain battery is smaller than P2, the rotation speed of the control pump is lowered to save electric energy. If the P1 of a battery is greater than P2, in addition to controlling the power of the heater, the compressor, or the coolant flow of the circuit in which the battery is located, the speed of the pump can be controlled to increase the flow rate per unit time. The coolant quality of the cross section of the road, thereby increasing the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power P2 to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
根據本發明的一個實施例,用於為電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機為複數個,電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量。在為冷卻模式時,控制相應數量的壓縮機啟動。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of compressors for supplying a refrigerant to a battery may further include: adjusting a required power P1 and a maximum cooling power of each compressor according to a temperature of each battery Determine the number of compressors that are started. When in the cooling mode, the corresponding number of compressors are controlled to start.
進一步地,根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P判斷啟動的壓縮機的數量具體包括:根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節實際功率Pz;判斷總溫度調節需求功率Pz是否大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P;如果大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,則控制複數壓縮機同時啟動。Further, determining the number of compressors to be started according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of each battery and the maximum cooling power P of each compressor specifically includes: adjusting the required power P1 according to the temperature of each battery to generate the total temperature adjustment actual power Pz Whether the total temperature regulation demand power Pz is greater than the maximum refrigeration power P of the single compressor; if it is greater than the maximum refrigeration power P of the single compressor, the control plurality of compressors are simultaneously started.
具體地,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,分別獲取每個電池的P1,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ 。如果Pz大於單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率,那麼控制複數壓縮機同時啟動工作,並通過調節相應的調節閥的開度調節流入每個電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,以滿足相應的電池的降溫製冷功率需求。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, P1 of each battery is separately acquired, and P1 of each battery is added to calculate the total temperature adjustment required power P Z of the entire temperature adjustment system. If Pz is greater than the maximum cooling power of a single compressor, then control the plurality of compressors to start the work at the same time, and adjust the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the battery cooling branches by adjusting the opening degree of the corresponding regulating valve to meet the corresponding cooling of the battery. Cooling power requirements.
具體地,如第11A圖所示,以壓縮機1為兩個為例,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf,將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率相加可計算出所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和P5。其中,第一電池的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池的溫度調節實際功率為P22。每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P相等。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11A, taking the compressor 1 as two as an example, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller separately acquires P1 of each battery, temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of each battery, and a single The maximum cooling power P of the compressor, and the P1 of each battery is added to calculate the total temperature adjustment demand power P Z of the entire temperature regulation system, and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual The power Pf, which adds the maximum cooling power of each compressor, calculates the sum P5 of the maximum cooling powers of all the compressors. Wherein, the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery is P22. The maximum cooling power P of each compressor is equal.
如果Pz≤P,那麼只需要控制一壓縮機工作,提供製冷功率,也可以控制兩個壓縮機一同工作。如果P<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率為Pz/2。如果Pz≤P5,則控制壓縮機按照Pz製冷功率運行,且通過調節第一至第四調節閥的開度,使第一電池冷卻支路的初始冷卻功率按照P11製冷功率進行冷卻,第二電池冷卻支路初始冷卻功率按照P21製冷功率進行冷卻。如果Pz>P5,則每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率P運行,且第一電池冷卻支路的初始冷卻功率可以按照P5*[P11/(P11+P12)]製冷功率進行冷卻,第二電池冷卻支路的初始冷卻功率可以按照P5 *[P12/(P11+P12)]製冷功率進行冷卻。If Pz ≤ P, then only one compressor needs to be controlled to provide cooling power, and two compressors can also be controlled to work together. If P < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors are required to work together, and the initial cooling power of each compressor is Pz/2. If Pz ≤ P5, the compressor is controlled to operate according to the Pz cooling power, and by adjusting the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves, the initial cooling power of the first battery cooling branch is cooled according to the P11 cooling power, and the second battery The cooling branch initial cooling power is cooled according to the P21 cooling power. If Pz>P5, each compressor operates according to the maximum cooling power P, and the initial cooling power of the first battery cooling branch can be cooled according to P5*[P11/(P11+P12)] cooling power, and the second battery is cooled. The initial cooling power of the branch can be cooled according to the cooling power of P5 * [P12 / (P11 + P12)].
根據本發明的一個實施例,在為冷卻模式時,當電池之間的溫度差超過設定值時,增大溫度較高電池的冷卻功率,以使減小電池之間的溫度差異;在為加熱模式時,當電池之間的溫度差超過設定值時,增大溫度較低的電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds a set value, the cooling power of the higher temperature battery is increased to reduce the temperature difference between the batteries; In the mode, when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds the set value, the heating power of the battery having a lower temperature is increased.
可以理解,當為冷卻模式時,可以分別計算出第一電池和第二電池的溫度調節需求功率P1,然後分別根據每個電池的P1和相應的壓縮機的最大製冷功率P調節相應的第二膨脹閥的開度。並且分別根據每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2繼續調整第二膨脹閥42的開度。同時,根據第一電池和第二電池之間的溫度情況,通過調節第一至第四調節閥的開度,調節第一電池冷卻支路和第二電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量分配,從而達到控制第一電池和第二電池溫度的均衡。其中,當第一電池的溫度比第二電池的溫度高且差值超過設定值時,可增大第一調節閥和第三調節閥的開度,減少第二調節閥和第四調節閥的開度,以增大第一電池的冷卻功率;當第一電池和第二電池的溫度相等時,可控制第一至第四調節閥的開度相同。而為加熱模式時,當第一電池的溫度比第二電池的溫度低且差值超過設定值時,則增大第一電池對應的加熱器的加熱功率。由此,可以保持兩個電池之間的溫度均衡。It can be understood that, when in the cooling mode, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the first battery and the second battery can be separately calculated, and then the corresponding second is adjusted according to the P1 of each battery and the maximum cooling power P of the corresponding compressor, respectively. The opening of the expansion valve. And the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 is continuously adjusted according to the actual power P2 of each battery. At the same time, according to the temperature condition between the first battery and the second battery, the coolant flow distribution of the first battery cooling branch and the second battery cooling branch is adjusted by adjusting the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves, thereby A balance is achieved to control the temperature of the first battery and the second battery. Wherein, when the temperature of the first battery is higher than the temperature of the second battery and the difference exceeds the set value, the opening degrees of the first regulating valve and the third regulating valve may be increased, and the second regulating valve and the fourth regulating valve are decreased The opening degree is to increase the cooling power of the first battery; when the temperatures of the first battery and the second battery are equal, the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves may be controlled to be the same. In the heating mode, when the temperature of the first battery is lower than the temperature of the second battery and the difference exceeds the set value, the heating power of the heater corresponding to the first battery is increased. Thereby, the temperature balance between the two batteries can be maintained.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法,可以根據每個電池的實際狀態精確控制每個的電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,並且可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。According to the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, the heating power and the cooling power of each battery can be precisely controlled according to the actual state of each battery, and the temperature is adjusted when the battery temperature is too high or too low. The temperature of the battery is maintained within a preset range, and the temperature balance between the individual batteries can be ensured.
車輛的溫度調節包括電池的溫度調節和車廂內的溫度調節。為在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求,需要對電池冷卻支路和車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量進行合理分配。為此,本發明實施例提出了一種車輛的溫度調節系統。下面參考附圖來描述本發明實施例提出的車輛的溫度調節方法和溫度調節系統。The temperature regulation of the vehicle includes temperature regulation of the battery and temperature regulation within the cabin. In order to meet the demand in the case where the temperature of the battery satisfies the requirements, it is necessary to properly distribute the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch and the in-vehicle cooling branch. To this end, embodiments of the present invention provide a temperature adjustment system for a vehicle. The temperature adjustment method and temperature adjustment system of the vehicle proposed by the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第2圖是根據本發明一個實施例的車輛的溫度調節系統的方框示意圖。如第2圖所示,該溫度調節系統包括:壓縮機1、冷凝器2、車內冷卻支路3、電池冷卻支路4和電池溫度調節模組5。2 is a block schematic diagram of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the temperature adjustment system includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, an in-vehicle cooling branch 3, a battery cooling branch 4, and a battery temperature adjustment module 5.
其中,冷凝器2與壓縮機1相連,車內冷卻支路3連接在壓縮機1和冷凝器2之間,電池冷卻支路4連接在壓縮機1和冷凝器2之間。電池溫度調節模組5與電池冷卻支路4相連,用於獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,並獲取車輛的車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts,以及根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts對車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4的開度進行調整。Among them, the condenser 2 is connected to the compressor 1, the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 is connected between the compressor 1 and the condenser 2, and the battery cooling branch 4 is connected between the compressor 1 and the condenser 2. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 is connected to the battery cooling branch 4 for acquiring the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 6, and acquiring the vehicle interior temperature T and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, and adjusting according to the temperature. The required power P1, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the in-vehicle temperature T, and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts adjust the opening degrees of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling branch 4.
具體地,電池溫度調節模組5獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1、電池6的溫度調節實際功率P2、車輛的車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts,並根據P1、P2、T和Ts調節車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4的開度,以分配製冷量。如圖1所示,當車載空調製冷功能開啟時,冷卻液的流動方向為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—車內冷卻支路3—壓縮機1。電池冷卻支路4中具有兩個管道,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。當電池溫度過高時,電池冷卻功能啟動,第一管道和第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向分別為:壓縮機1—冷凝器2—電池冷卻支路4—壓縮機1;電池冷卻支路4—電池溫度調節模組5—電池6—電池溫度調節模組5—電池冷卻支路4。而在電池6的溫度過低時,電池溫度調節模組5啟動電池加熱功能,第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:電池冷卻支路4—電池溫度調節模組5—電池6—電池溫度調節模組5—電池冷卻支路4。Specifically, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 acquires the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery 6, the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 6, the interior temperature T of the vehicle, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, and adjusts according to P1, P2, T, and Ts. The opening of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling branch 4 to distribute the cooling capacity. As shown in FIG. 1 , when the vehicle air conditioning refrigeration function is turned on, the flow direction of the coolant is: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - interior cooling branch 3 - compressor 1. The battery cooling branch 4 has two pipes, the first pipe is connected to the compressor 1, and the second pipe is connected to the battery temperature regulating module 5, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are disposed adjacent to each other independently. When the battery temperature is too high, the battery cooling function is started, and the flow directions of the coolant in the first pipe and the second pipe are: compressor 1 - condenser 2 - battery cooling branch 4 - compressor 1; battery cooling branch 4—Battery temperature adjustment module 5—Battery 6—Battery temperature adjustment module 5—Battery cooling branch 4. When the temperature of the battery 6 is too low, the battery temperature adjusting module 5 starts the battery heating function, and the flow direction of the cooling liquid in the second pipe is: the battery cooling branch 4 - the battery temperature adjusting module 5 - the battery 6 - the battery temperature Adjustment module 5 - battery cooling branch 4.
可以理解,電池溫度調節模組5的製冷功率由車載空調提供,與車內製冷系統共用製冷量,從而可以減少溫度調節系統的體積,並使冷卻液流量的分配更加靈活。由此,該系統通過對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整,既可以在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行快速調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況,還可以在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。It can be understood that the cooling power of the battery temperature regulating module 5 is provided by the vehicle air conditioner, and the cooling capacity is shared with the in-vehicle refrigeration system, thereby reducing the volume of the temperature regulating system and making the distribution of the coolant flow more flexible. Therefore, the system adjusts the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, and can quickly adjust the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained at the pre-charge. Set the range to avoid the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature, and also make the temperature inside the vehicle meet the demand if the temperature of the battery meets the requirements.
根據本發明的一個實施例,電池溫度調節模組5具體用於:根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts對車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4的開度進行調整,以使電池6在目標時間t內達到目標溫度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 is specifically configured to: cool the required cooling power 3 and the battery according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the interior temperature T, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts. The opening of the branch 4 is adjusted so that the battery 6 reaches the target temperature within the target time t.
具體地,電池溫度調節模組5在根據P1、P2、T和Ts對車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4的開度進行調整時,可以確保在目標時間t內根據電池6的實際狀態精確控制車載電池的加熱功率和冷卻功率,從而在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,並且在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。Specifically, when the battery temperature adjustment module 5 adjusts the opening degrees of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling branch 4 according to P1, P2, T, and Ts, it can be ensured according to the actual condition of the battery 6 within the target time t. The state accurately controls the heating power and cooling power of the vehicle battery, thereby adjusting the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low, and satisfies the demand when the temperature of the battery meets the requirements.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,如第3圖所示,電池冷卻支路4包括換熱器41,換熱器41包括第一管道和第二管道,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。電池溫度調節模組5包括:調節電池溫度的流路(圖中未具體示出),流路設置在電池6之中。連接在流路和換熱器41之間的幫浦51、介質容器52、加熱器53,以及控制器(圖中未具體示出)。其中,控制器獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池6的溫度進行調節,並且控制器根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts對車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4的開度進行調整,從而在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。車內冷卻支路3可以包括:蒸發器31、第一膨脹閥32和第一電子閥33。電池冷卻支路4還可以包括第二膨脹閥42和第二電子閥43。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the battery cooling branch 4 includes a heat exchanger 41 including a first pipe and a second pipe, and a second pipe and a battery temperature regulating mode The group 5 is connected, and the first pipe is connected to the compressor 1, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are disposed adjacent to each other independently. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 includes a flow path (not specifically shown) for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and the flow path is disposed in the battery 6. A pump 51, a medium container 52, a heater 53, and a controller (not specifically shown) are connected between the flow path and the heat exchanger 41. The controller obtains the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery 6 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and adjusts the temperature of the battery 6 according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and the controller adjusts the demand according to the temperature. The power P1, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the in-vehicle temperature T, and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts adjust the opening degrees of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling branch 4, so that the vehicle can be made if the temperature of the battery satisfies the requirements. The internal temperature meets the demand. The in-vehicle cooling branch 3 may include an evaporator 31, a first expansion valve 32, and a first electronic valve 33. The battery cooling branch 4 may also include a second expansion valve 42 and a second electronic valve 43.
如何獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2可參照上述實施例,為避免冗餘,此處不再贅述。How to obtain the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 6 can refer to the above embodiment, and to avoid redundancy, no further details are provided herein.
下面結合具體的實施例描述電池溫度調節模組5如何根據P1、P2、T和Ts對車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻支路4的開度進行調整,從而在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。The following describes how the battery temperature adjustment module 5 adjusts the opening degrees of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling branch 4 according to P1, P2, T and Ts in combination with specific embodiments, so that the temperature of the battery satisfies the requirements. Next, make the interior temperature meet the demand.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,控制器可以在溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,且電池溫度大於第三溫度臨界值T3時,降低車內冷卻支路4的開度,並提高電池冷卻支路4的開度。其中,第三溫度臨界值大於第一溫度臨界值,例如,第三預設臨界值可以為45℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the controller may reduce the in-vehicle cooling branch 4 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 and the battery temperature is greater than the third temperature threshold T3. The opening degree is increased and the opening degree of the battery cooling branch 4 is increased. The third temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold. For example, the third predetermined threshold may be 45 °C.
具體地,車輛通電後,如果電池6的溫度高於40℃,則控制器控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以對電池6進行冷卻。在電池6冷卻的程序中,控制器獲取P1和P2,在判斷溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,則進一步判斷電池溫度是否大於45℃。如果電池溫度大於45℃,說明電池溫度過高,車載空調優先滿足電池6的冷卻需求,控制器控制減少第一膨脹閥32的開度,增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以減少車內冷卻支路3的冷卻液流量,增加電池冷卻支路4的冷卻液流量,以使電池6儘快完成降溫。在電池溫度降低至35℃時,電池6冷卻完成,控制器控制電池冷卻支路4關閉。由此,可以在電池溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, if the temperature of the battery 6 is higher than 40 ° C, the controller controls the temperature adjustment system to enter a cooling mode to cool the battery 6. In the process of cooling the battery 6, the controller acquires P1 and P2, and when it is judged that the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it is further determined whether the battery temperature is greater than 45 °C. If the battery temperature is greater than 45 ° C, the battery temperature is too high, the vehicle air conditioner preferentially meets the cooling requirement of the battery 6, and the controller controls to reduce the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 and increase the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 to reduce the vehicle. The coolant flow rate of the internal cooling branch 3 increases the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch 4 to cause the battery 6 to complete the cooling as soon as possible. When the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery 6 is cooled and the controller controls the battery cooling branch 4 to be turned off. Thereby, it is possible to make the interior temperature satisfy the demand when the battery temperature satisfies the requirement.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還可以用於在電池溫度小於第三溫度臨界值,且車內溫度T大於空調設定溫度Ts時,增大車內冷卻支路4的開度,並降低電池冷卻支路3的開度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may further be configured to increase the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch 4 and reduce the temperature when the battery temperature is less than the third temperature threshold and the in-vehicle temperature T is greater than the air conditioning set temperature Ts. The opening of the battery cooling branch 3.
具體地,在電池6冷卻的程序中,控制器在判斷電池溫度小於45℃時,進一步判斷車內溫度T是否大於空調設定溫度Ts。如果T>Ts,則說明車內溫度T沒有達到設定溫度,車內溫度較高,為防止使用者感到不適,優先滿足車內製冷需求,控制器增大第一膨脹閥32的開度,減小第二膨脹閥42的開度。而如果車內溫度T達到空調設定溫度Ts,車內製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則控制器增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池6的冷卻功率。在電池溫度降低至35℃時,電池6冷卻完成,控制器控制第二電子閥33關閉。由此,可以在電池溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。Specifically, in the program for cooling the battery 6, the controller further determines whether the interior temperature T is greater than the air-conditioning set temperature Ts when determining that the battery temperature is less than 45 °C. If T>Ts, it means that the temperature T in the vehicle does not reach the set temperature, and the temperature inside the vehicle is high. In order to prevent the user from feeling uncomfortable, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand is preferentially satisfied, and the controller increases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32, The opening degree of the small second expansion valve 42. If the in-vehicle temperature T reaches the air-conditioning set temperature Ts, the in-vehicle cooling power is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the controller increases the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 to increase the cooling power of the battery 6. When the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery 6 is cooled, and the controller controls the second electronic valve 33 to be closed. Thereby, it is possible to make the interior temperature satisfy the demand when the battery temperature satisfies the requirement.
也就是說,此處對電池溫度做了分層次處理,溫度控制的臨界值分別為40℃、45℃和35℃。當電池溫度高於40℃時,電池冷卻功能啟動,當電池溫度降低至35℃,則電池6冷卻完成。當電池溫度達到45℃時,優先滿足電池冷卻需求。另外,溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,如果電池溫度不超過45℃,則仍然優先車內的製冷需求,如果車內的製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則控制器增大電池冷卻支路4的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,可優先滿足車內製冷需求。That is to say, the battery temperature is processed hierarchically here, and the critical values of the temperature control are 40 ° C, 45 ° C and 35 ° C, respectively. When the battery temperature is higher than 40 ° C, the battery cooling function is activated, and when the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery 6 is cooled. When the battery temperature reaches 45 ° C, the battery cooling needs are preferentially met. In addition, when the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ° C, the cooling demand in the vehicle is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the controller increases. The battery cools the opening of the branch 4 to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand can be preferentially satisfied.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,控制器在溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池6的加熱器53的功率,以及在溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,保持加熱器53的功率不變。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the controller obtains a power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and according to The power difference increases the power for heating the heater 53 of the battery 6, and keeps the power of the heater 53 constant when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
具體地,車輛可以包括單個電池6,也可以由複數電池6串聯、並聯或混聯組成。如第14A圖至第14B圖所示,以電池為2個為例,當電池為2個(第一電池61和第二電池62),且串聯連接時,幫浦對應為2個,且兩個幫浦一個為正向幫浦511,一個為反向幫浦522。Specifically, the vehicle may include a single battery 6, or may be composed of a plurality of batteries 6 connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixture. As shown in FIGS. 14A to 14B, taking two batteries as an example, when two batteries (first battery 61 and second battery 62) are connected in series, the pump corresponds to two, and two One pump is for the forward pump 511 and one for the reverse pump 522.
如第14A圖所示,當正向幫浦511啟動時,第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53—正向幫浦511—第一溫度感測器55—第一電池61—第二電池62—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52。如第14B圖所述,當反向幫浦522啟動時,第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器52—流速感測器57—第二溫度感測器56—第二電池62—第一電池61—第一溫度感測器55—反向幫浦512—加熱器53—換熱器41—介質容器52。As shown in Fig. 14A, when the forward pump 511 is started, the flow direction of the coolant in the second pipe is: the medium container 52 - the heat exchanger 41 - the heater 53 - the forward pump 511 - the first temperature sense The detector 55 - the first battery 61 - the second battery 62 - the second temperature sensor 56 - the flow rate sensor 57 - the medium container 52. As shown in FIG. 14B, when the reverse pump 522 is activated, the flow direction of the coolant in the second pipe is: the medium container 52 - the flow rate sensor 57 - the second temperature sensor 56 - the second battery 62 - The first battery 61 - the first temperature sensor 55 - the reverse pump 512 - the heater 53 - the heat exchanger 41 - the medium container 52.
例如,在第一電池61和第二電池62冷卻功能開啟時,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf。其中,第一電池的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池的溫度調節實際功率為P22。壓縮機的最大製冷功率P。For example, when the cooling function of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 is turned on, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 of each battery, temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery, and a single compressor, respectively. The maximum cooling power P, and the P1 of each battery is added, the total temperature adjustment demand power P Z of the entire temperature adjustment system can be calculated, and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual power Pf. Wherein, the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery is P22. The maximum cooling power P of the compressor.
如果總溫度調節需求功率PZ 與車內冷卻需求功率P4的和小於等於壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,即Pz+P4≤P,則壓縮機按照PZ +P4製冷功率運行。且Pz<P,P4<P。If the sum of the total temperature adjustment required power P Z and the in-vehicle cooling demand power P4 is less than or equal to the maximum cooling power P of the compressor, that is, Pz + P4 ≤ P, the compressor operates at a cooling power of P Z + P4. And Pz < P, P4 < P.
如果Pz+P4>P,則判斷第一電池61或者第二電池62的溫度是否大於45℃,如果大於45℃,則優先為電池冷卻提供冷卻功率,控制器控制壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率P運行,電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率為Pz,車內冷卻支路3的冷卻功率等於P-Pz。If Pz+P4>P, it is judged whether the temperature of the first battery 61 or the second battery 62 is greater than 45° C., if it is greater than 45° C., the cooling power is preferentially provided for battery cooling, and the controller controls the compressor 1 according to the maximum cooling power P. In operation, the cooling power of the battery cooling branch 4 is Pz, and the cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 is equal to P-Pz.
如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率P運行,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率等於P-P4。If it is determined that the battery temperature is not greater than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the interior of the vehicle, the compressor 1 is operated according to the maximum cooling power P, and the cooling power of the cooling branch of the vehicle is P4, the battery The cooling power of the cooling branch is equal to P-P4.
如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻功率。電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率為Pz。If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch is Pz.
第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率的和為Pf,當Pz>Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)。如果Pz+P4+Pc≤P,則壓縮機需要增大的製冷功率為Pc,增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,提高幫浦51的轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11-P21=Pc1,P12-P22=Pc2,P11>P21,P12>P22: 當Pc1大於設定值時,控制正向幫浦511開啟,反向幫浦512關閉,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增大。當Pc2大於設定值時,控制反向幫浦512開啟,正向幫浦511關閉,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增大。當Pc1>Pc2時,控制正向幫浦511開啟,反向幫浦512關閉,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增大。當Pc1≤Pc2時,控制反向幫浦512開啟,正向幫浦511關閉,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率增大。The sum of the temperature-regulated actual powers of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 is Pf, and when Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pz-Pf). If Pz + P4 + Pc ≤ P, the compressor needs to increase the cooling power to Pc, increase the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42, and increase the rotation speed of the pump 51. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11-P21=Pc1, P12-P22=Pc2, P11>P21, P12>P22: When Pc1 is greater than the set value, the control forward pump 511 is turned on, and the reverse pump 512 is turned off, so that the first The cooling power of one battery 61 is increased. When Pc2 is greater than the set value, the control reverse pump 512 is turned on, and the forward pump 511 is turned off, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased. When Pc1>Pc2, the control forward pump 511 is turned on, and the reverse pump 512 is turned off, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased. When Pc1 ≤ Pc2, the control reverse pump 512 is turned on, and the forward pump 511 is turned off, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is increased.
並且,當第一電池61的溫度T61大於第二電池62的溫度T62時,控制正向幫浦511開啟,反向幫浦512關閉,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增大。當第一電池61的溫度T61小於等於第二電池62的溫度T62時,控制反向幫浦512開啟,正向幫浦511關閉,使得電池62的冷卻功率增大。Also, when the temperature T61 of the first battery 61 is greater than the temperature T62 of the second battery 62, the control forward pump 511 is turned on, and the reverse pump 512 is turned off, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased. When the temperature T61 of the first battery 61 is less than or equal to the temperature T62 of the second battery 62, the control reverse pump 512 is turned on, and the forward pump 511 is turned off, so that the cooling power of the battery 62 is increased.
如果P21-P11=Pc1,P22-P12=Pc2,P11≤P21,P12≤P22,則可以按照如下處理: 當Pc1大於設定值時,控制正向幫浦511關閉,反向幫浦512開啟,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。當Pc2大於設定值時,控制反向幫浦512關閉,正向幫浦511開啟,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。當Pc1>Pc2時,控制正向幫浦511關閉,反向幫浦512開啟,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率減少。當Pc1≤Pc2時,控制反向幫浦512關閉,正向幫浦511開啟,使得第二電池62的冷卻功率減少。If P21-P11=Pc1, P22-P12=Pc2, P11≤P21, P12≤P22, it can be processed as follows: When Pc1 is greater than the set value, the control forward pump 511 is turned off, and the reverse pump 512 is turned on, so that The cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. When Pc2 is greater than the set value, the control reverse pump 512 is turned off, and the forward pump 511 is turned on, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced. When Pc1>Pc2, the control forward pump 511 is turned off, and the reverse pump 512 is turned on, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is reduced. When Pc1 ≤ Pc2, the control reverse pump 512 is turned off, and the forward pump 511 is turned on, so that the cooling power of the second battery 62 is reduced.
並且,當第一電池61的溫度T61大於第二電池62的溫度T62時,控制正向幫浦511開啟,反向幫浦512關閉,使得第一電池61的冷卻功率增大。當第一電池61的溫度T61小於等於第二電池62的溫度T62時,控制反向幫浦512開啟,正向幫浦511關閉,使得電池62的冷卻功率增大。另外,也可以是,在第一電池61和第二電池62的冷卻功能啟動時,如果第一電池61的溫度高於第二電池62的溫度,且差值超過預設值,則控制器控制正向幫浦511工作,以使冷卻液先流過第一電池61,再流過第二電池62,從而使第一電池61儘快完成降溫。而如果第二電池62的溫度高於第一電池61的溫度,且差值超過預設值,則控制器控制反向幫浦512工作,以使冷卻液先流過第二電池62,再流過第一電池61,從而使第二電池62儘快完成降溫。由此,通過改變冷卻液的流向,可以減少第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度差。Also, when the temperature T61 of the first battery 61 is greater than the temperature T62 of the second battery 62, the control forward pump 511 is turned on, and the reverse pump 512 is turned off, so that the cooling power of the first battery 61 is increased. When the temperature T61 of the first battery 61 is less than or equal to the temperature T62 of the second battery 62, the control reverse pump 512 is turned on, and the forward pump 511 is turned off, so that the cooling power of the battery 62 is increased. In addition, when the cooling function of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 is activated, if the temperature of the first battery 61 is higher than the temperature of the second battery 62, and the difference exceeds a preset value, the controller controls The forward pump 511 operates to allow the coolant to flow through the first battery 61 and then through the second battery 62, thereby causing the first battery 61 to complete the cooling as soon as possible. And if the temperature of the second battery 62 is higher than the temperature of the first battery 61, and the difference exceeds a preset value, the controller controls the reverse pump 512 to operate, so that the coolant first flows through the second battery 62, and then flows. The first battery 61 is passed, so that the second battery 62 is cooled as soon as possible. Thereby, the temperature difference between the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 can be reduced by changing the flow direction of the cooling liquid.
而在第一電池61和第二電池62的冷卻功能和加熱功能都沒有啟動時,如果第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度差超過預設值,則控制器可以控制正向幫浦511或反向幫浦512啟動,以使電池冷卻支路4中的冷卻液流動,從而均衡第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度。When neither the cooling function nor the heating function of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 is activated, if the temperature difference between the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 exceeds a preset value, the controller may control the forward pump 511. Or the reverse pump 512 is activated to cause the coolant in the battery cooling branch 4 to flow, thereby equalizing the temperatures of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62.
當幫浦51正轉且電池管理控制器獲取到的各個電池相互的溫差中的最大值超過預設值時,則電池管理控制器發送控制幫浦反轉的資訊至電池熱管理控制器,以使電池熱管理器控制幫浦反轉(迴路的流向為逆時針方向),以使各串聯電池的溫度相差較少。When the pump 51 is rotating forward and the maximum value of the temperature difference between the respective batteries obtained by the battery management controller exceeds a preset value, the battery management controller sends a message for controlling the pump reversal to the battery thermal management controller to The battery thermal manager controls the pump reverse (the flow direction of the loop is counterclockwise) so that the temperature of each series battery is less than the difference.
綜上所述,根據本發明實施例的車輛的溫度調節系統,通過電池溫度調節模組獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,並獲取車輛的車內溫度和空調設定溫度,以及根據溫度調節需求功率、溫度調節實際功率、車內溫度和空調設定溫度對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整。由此,該系統通過對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整,既可以在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行快速調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況,還可以在電池溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。In summary, the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention acquires the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery through the battery temperature adjustment module, and acquires the interior temperature of the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, and according to The temperature adjustment demand power, the temperature adjustment actual power, the interior temperature and the air conditioning set temperature adjust the opening degree of the interior cooling branch and the battery cooling branch. Therefore, the system adjusts the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, and can quickly adjust the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained at the pre-charge. Set the range to avoid the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature, and also make the temperature inside the vehicle meet the demand if the battery temperature meets the requirements.
第15圖是根據本發明第一個實施例的車輛的溫度調節方法的流程圖。如第15圖所示,車輛的溫度調節方法包括以下步驟: S1’,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。Figure 15 is a flow chart showing a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 15, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle includes the following steps: S1', obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
進一步地,如第16圖所示,在本發明的實施例中,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1具體包括: S11’,獲取電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, as shown in FIG. 16 , in the embodiment of the present invention, acquiring the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery specifically includes: S11′, acquiring the first parameter when the battery is turned on, and generating the first parameter according to the first parameter. A temperature adjustment requires power.
S12’,獲取電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生第二溫度調節需求功率。S12', obtaining a second parameter of the battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power according to the second parameter.
S13’,根據第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率產生溫度調節需求功率P1。S13', the temperature adjustment required power P1 is generated according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間t,根據第一參數產生第一溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ;根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first temperature adjustment requirement is generated according to the first parameter. The power specifically includes: acquiring a first temperature difference ΔT 1 between the initial temperature and the target temperature; generating the first temperature adjustment required power according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t, (1) 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t, (1) where ΔT 1 is between the initial temperature and the target temperature The first temperature difference, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,第二參數為電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2) 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is the average current I of the battery for a preset time, and the second temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2) where I is the average Current, R is the internal resistance of the battery.
當對電池進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第16圖所示,獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率P2具體包括: S14’,獲取用於調節電池溫度的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取冷卻液流入流路的流速v。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 16, acquiring the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery specifically includes: S14', obtaining an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and obtaining a coolant inflow The flow rate of the flow path v.
S15’,根據入口溫度和出口溫度產生第二溫度差ΔT2 。S15', generating a second temperature difference ΔT 2 according to the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature.
S16’,根據第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速v產生溫度調節實際功率P2。S16', the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is generated according to the second temperature difference ΔT 2 and the flow velocity v.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,進根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is the flow path The specific heat capacity of the medium coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow The cross-sectional area of the road.
S2’,獲取車輛的車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts。S2', the in-vehicle temperature T of the vehicle and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts are acquired.
S3’,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整。S3' adjusts the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the interior temperature T, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整,包括:根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整,以使電池在目標時間t內達到目標溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the interior temperature T, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, The method includes: adjusting the opening degree of the interior cooling branch and the battery cooling branch according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the interior temperature T, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, so that the battery reaches the target time t Target temperature.
具體地,車輛通電後,判斷車輛是否需要進行溫度調節,如果需要則獲取電池的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算出第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,獲取電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)計算第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,根據第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率計算溫度調節需求功率P1(即將電池的溫度調節至目標溫度的需求功率)。並且,獲取電池的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取流流速資訊,根據公式(3)計算出溫度調節實際功率P2。並獲取車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts。最後,根據P1、P2、T和Ts對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整,使電池在目標時間t內達到目標溫度。由此,該方法通過對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整,既可以在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行快速調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況,還可以在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, it is determined whether the vehicle needs to perform temperature adjustment, and if necessary, the initial temperature of the battery (ie, the current temperature), the target temperature, and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, wherein the target temperature and the target time t are obtained. It can be preset according to the actual situation, and the first temperature adjustment required power is calculated according to formula (1). At the same time, the average current I of the battery in the preset time is obtained, and the second temperature adjustment required power is calculated according to the formula (2). Then, the temperature adjustment required power P1 (that is, the required power of the battery is adjusted to the target temperature) is calculated based on the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power. And, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the battery are obtained, and the flow velocity information is acquired, and the actual temperature adjustment power P2 is calculated according to the formula (3). And obtain the interior temperature T and the air conditioner set temperature Ts. Finally, the opening degrees of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch are adjusted according to P1, P2, T and Ts, so that the battery reaches the target temperature within the target time t. Therefore, the method adjusts the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, and can quickly adjust the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained at the pre-heat Set the range to avoid the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature, and also make the temperature inside the vehicle meet the demand if the temperature of the battery meets the requirements.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第17圖所示,上述的車輛的溫度調節方法還可以包括: 偵測電池的溫度,並判斷溫度是否大於第一溫度臨界值或者小於第二溫度臨界值(S10’-S20’)。當電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,進入冷卻模式(S30’)。其中,第一預設溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為40℃。當電池的溫度小於等於第一溫度臨界值時,進一步地判斷電池的溫度是否小於第二溫度臨界值,當電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,進入加熱模式(S40’-S50’)。其中,第二預設溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 17, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle may further include: detecting a temperature of the battery, and determining whether the temperature is greater than a first temperature threshold or less than a second temperature threshold ( S10'-S20'). When the temperature of the battery is greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered (S30'). The first preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 40 ° C. When the temperature of the battery is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, it is further determined whether the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature threshold, and when the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature threshold, the heating mode is entered (S40'-S50'). The second preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,即時偵測電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對電池的性能產生影響,需要對電池進行降溫處理,進入冷卻模式,控制壓縮機啟動,以使冷卻液與電池進行熱交換以降低電池的溫度。而如果電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時電池的溫度過低,為避免低溫對電池的性能產生影響,需要對電池進行升溫處理,進入加熱模式,控制加熱器開啟,以提供加熱功率。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of the battery is instantly detected and judged. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 °C, it means that the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the impact of high temperature on the performance of the battery, it is necessary to cool down the battery, enter the cooling mode, and control the start of the compressor to make the coolant and the battery. Perform heat exchange to lower the temperature of the battery. If the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 °C, it means that the temperature of the battery is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, it is necessary to heat up the battery, enter the heating mode, and control the heater to open to provide heating power.
可以理解的是,根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts通過調節車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調節,可以在電池滿足溫度要求的同時,使車內溫度滿足需求。並且,溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2容易獲取。It can be understood that, according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the interior temperature T and the air conditioning set temperature Ts are adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the interior cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, and the battery can be adjusted. While meeting the temperature requirements, the interior temperature meets the demand. Also, the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 are easily acquired.
具體而言,由上述實施例可知,P1由兩部分組成,以冷卻電池為例,當電池需要冷卻時,電池初始溫度為45℃,電池冷卻目標溫度為35℃,則電池從45℃下降到35℃需要散發的熱量是固定,通過公式(1)即ΔT1 *C*M/t直接計算可以獲得。其中,ΔT1 為該初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。同時,電池在冷卻程序中,存在放電和充電程序,此程序會產生熱量,這部分的熱量也可以通過偵測電流直接獲得,通過公式(3)即I2 *R,直接計算出當前電池的發熱功率,即第二溫度調節需求功率。其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。本發明的關鍵點之一是冷卻時間可調,且冷卻完成時間可精確確定,本發明是基於目標時間t設定的(t可以根據使用者需求或者是車輛實際設計情況改變)。在確定了冷卻完成所需要的目標時間t後,就可以預估出當前電池冷卻需要的溫度調節需求功率P1,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R。而如果是加熱功能啟動,則溫度調節需求功率P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R,即在電池在加熱程序中,電池放電或者充電電流越大,所需要的加熱功率即溫度調節需求功率P1越小。Specifically, it can be seen from the above embodiment that P1 is composed of two parts, taking a cooling battery as an example. When the battery needs to be cooled, the initial temperature of the battery is 45 ° C, and the target temperature of the battery cooling is 35 ° C, the battery is lowered from 45 ° C to The heat that needs to be dissipated at 35 ° C is fixed and can be directly calculated by the formula (1), ΔT 1 *C*M/t. Where ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery. At the same time, in the cooling process, there is a discharge and charging procedure. This program generates heat. This part of the heat can also be directly obtained by detecting the current. The current battery is directly calculated by the formula (3), ie, I 2 *R. The heating power, that is, the second temperature adjustment required power. Where I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery. One of the key points of the present invention is that the cooling time is adjustable, and the cooling completion time can be accurately determined. The present invention is set based on the target time t (t can be changed according to user requirements or actual vehicle design conditions). After determining the target time t required for the completion of the cooling, it is possible to estimate the temperature adjustment required power P1 required for the current battery cooling, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R. If the heating function is activated, the temperature adjustment demand power P1=ΔT 1 *C*M/tI 2 *R, that is, in the heating process of the battery, the larger the battery discharge or the charging current, the required heating power, that is, the temperature adjustment The smaller the required power P1 is.
由於電池的放電或者是充電電流是變化的,所以I2 *R是變化的,因此為了更好的確保冷卻時間的準確性,冷卻功率也要隨著電池當前的平均放電或者是充電電流的變化而變化。如果車載空調同時給電池和車廂冷卻,那麼當電池的放電電流較小的時候,I2 *R就會減小,此時車載空調可以分配更多的製冷功率給到車廂,使得車廂較快的達到設定氣溫。同時,當電池的放電或者充電電流較大時,I2 *R就會較大,此時車載空調可以分配更多的製冷功率給到電池。通過這樣的調節,使得電池冷卻所需時間始終準確,同時又可以更高效的合理利用車載空調的製冷功率,而不必配置冷卻功率較大的空調,造成製冷功率的浪費。Since the discharge of the battery or the charging current is varied, I 2 *R is varied, so in order to better ensure the accuracy of the cooling time, the cooling power also varies with the current average discharge of the battery or the charging current. And change. If the car air conditioner cools the battery and the car at the same time, when the discharge current of the battery is small, the I 2 *R will decrease, and at this time, the car air conditioner can allocate more cooling power to the car, so that the car is faster. The set temperature is reached. At the same time, when the battery discharge or charging current is large, I 2 * R will be larger, and the vehicle air conditioner can allocate more cooling power to the battery. Through such adjustment, the time required for cooling the battery is always accurate, and at the same time, the cooling power of the vehicle air conditioner can be utilized more efficiently, without having to configure an air conditioner with a large cooling power, resulting in waste of cooling power.
由於電池冷卻時間受冷卻效率的影響,由於冷卻效率受外部環境溫度和電池當前溫度的影響,在電池冷卻的程序中,溫度調節系統的效率也是不斷變化的,所以冷卻效率不可能是100%,因此只根據P1是無法準確調節電池的冷卻的時間的,有必要偵測電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。在本發明中,電池的溫度調節實際功率P2可以通過公式(3)即ΔT2*c*m計算得出。P2也可以通過電池實際冷卻功率P2也就可以通過公式(4)即ΔT3*C*m1計算得出,其中ΔT3為電池在某一時間段內的溫度變化,C為電池的比熱容,m1為電池品質。但由於電池的品質較大,所以單位時間內溫度變化不明顯,需要較長時間才可以偵測出溫差,不符合即時性要求,所以一般按照公式(3)計算P2功率。Since the cooling time of the battery is affected by the cooling efficiency, since the cooling efficiency is affected by the external ambient temperature and the current temperature of the battery, the efficiency of the temperature regulating system is constantly changing in the battery cooling process, so the cooling efficiency cannot be 100%. Therefore, it is only necessary to detect the cooling time of the battery according to P1, and it is necessary to detect the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power P2. In the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery can be calculated by the formula (3), that is, ΔT2*c*m. P2 can also be calculated by the actual cooling power P2 of the battery. It can also be calculated by the formula (4), ΔT3*C*m1, where ΔT3 is the temperature change of the battery in a certain period of time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and m1 is the battery. quality. However, due to the high quality of the battery, the temperature change is not obvious per unit time, and it takes a long time to detect the temperature difference, which does not meet the immediacy requirement, so the P2 power is generally calculated according to formula (3).
受冷卻效率的影響,P2很難完全等於P1,為了使得電池冷卻目標時間t更準確需要即時根據P1與P2之間的功率差值進行調節,以確保電池的溫度調節需求功率P1與電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相等。下面將結合具體地實施例描述如何根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整,以對車輛的溫度進行調節。Due to the cooling efficiency, P2 is difficult to be completely equal to P1. In order to make the battery cooling target time t more accurate, it needs to be adjusted according to the power difference between P1 and P2 to ensure the temperature adjustment of the battery and the power of the battery. Adjust the actual power P2 to be equal. How to adjust the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch according to the temperature adjustment required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the interior temperature T, and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. The temperature of the vehicle is adjusted.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第18圖所示,當為冷卻模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、車內溫度T和空調設定溫度Ts對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整具體包括: S31’,當溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,判斷電池溫度T是否大於第三溫度臨界值。其中,第三溫度臨界值大於第一溫度臨界值,例如,第三溫度臨界值可以為45℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 18, when in the cooling mode, the demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the interior temperature T, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts are adjusted according to the temperature to the in-vehicle cooling branch and The adjustment of the opening degree of the battery cooling branch specifically includes: S31', when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it is determined whether the battery temperature T is greater than the third temperature threshold. Wherein, the third temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, for example, the third temperature threshold may be 45 °C.
S32’,如果電池溫度T大於第三溫度臨界值,則降低車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高電池冷卻支路的開度。S32', if the battery temperature T is greater than the third temperature threshold, the opening degree of the cooling branch in the vehicle is lowered, and the opening degree of the battery cooling branch is increased.
具體地,車輛通電後,如果電池的溫度高於40℃,則控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以對電池進行冷卻。在電池冷卻的程序中,獲取P1和P2,在判斷溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,則進一步判斷電池溫度是否大於45℃。如果電池溫度大於45℃,說明電池溫度過高,車載空調優先滿足電池6的冷卻需求,控制減少車內冷卻支路的開度,增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以減少車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,增加電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,以使電池儘快完成降溫。在電池溫度降低至35℃時,電池冷卻完成,控制電池冷卻支路關閉。由此,可以在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, if the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ° C, the temperature control system is controlled to enter a cooling mode to cool the battery. In the battery cooling program, P1 and P2 are obtained, and when it is judged that the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it is further determined whether the battery temperature is greater than 45 °C. If the battery temperature is greater than 45 °C, the battery temperature is too high, the car air conditioner preferentially meets the cooling demand of the battery 6, the control reduces the opening degree of the cooling branch in the vehicle, and increases the opening degree of the battery cooling branch to reduce the cooling branch in the vehicle. The coolant flow of the road increases the coolant flow of the battery cooling branch to allow the battery to cool down as quickly as possible. When the battery temperature drops to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed and the control battery cooling branch is turned off. Thereby, the temperature inside the vehicle can be made to satisfy the demand if the temperature of the battery satisfies the requirement.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第18圖所示,上述的車輛的溫度調節方法還可以包括: S33’,如果電池溫度小於第三溫度臨界值,則進一步判斷車內溫度T是否大於空調設定溫度Ts。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 18, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle may further include: S33', if the battery temperature is less than the third temperature threshold, further determining whether the interior temperature T is greater than the air conditioner setting Temperature Ts.
S34’,如果車內溫度T大於空調設定溫度Ts,則增大車內冷卻支路的開度,並降低電池冷卻支路的開度。S34', if the in-vehicle temperature T is greater than the air-conditioning set temperature Ts, the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch is increased, and the opening degree of the battery cooling branch is lowered.
具體地,在電池冷卻的程序中,在判斷電池溫度小於45℃時,進一步判斷車內溫度T是否大於空調設定溫度Ts。如果T>Ts,則說明車內溫度T沒有達到設定溫度,車內溫度較高,為防止使用者感到不適,優先滿足車內製冷需求,增大車內冷卻支路的開度,減小電池冷卻支路的開度。而如果車內溫度T達到空調設定溫度Ts,車內製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。在電池溫度降低至35℃時,電池冷卻完成,控制電池冷卻支路關閉。由此,可以在電池溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。Specifically, in the battery cooling program, when it is determined that the battery temperature is less than 45 ° C, it is further determined whether the interior temperature T is greater than the air-conditioning set temperature Ts. If T>Ts, it means that the temperature T in the car does not reach the set temperature, and the temperature inside the car is high. In order to prevent the user from feeling uncomfortable, the cooling demand in the car is preferentially satisfied, the opening degree of the cooling branch in the car is increased, and the battery is reduced. The opening of the cooling branch. If the temperature T of the vehicle reaches the set temperature Ts of the air conditioner and the cooling power in the vehicle is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the opening degree of the cooling branch of the battery is increased to increase the cooling power of the battery. When the battery temperature drops to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed and the control battery cooling branch is turned off. Thereby, it is possible to make the interior temperature satisfy the demand when the battery temperature satisfies the requirement.
也就是說,此處對電池溫度做了分層次處理,溫度控制的臨界值分別為40℃、45℃和35℃。當電池溫度高於40℃時,電池冷卻功能啟動,當電池溫度降低至35℃,則電池冷卻完成。當電池溫度達到45℃時,優先滿足電池冷卻需求。另外,溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,如果電池溫度小於45℃,則先滿足車內製冷需求,如果車內製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,可優先滿足車內製冷需求。That is to say, the battery temperature is processed hierarchically here, and the critical values of the temperature control are 40 ° C, 45 ° C and 35 ° C, respectively. When the battery temperature is higher than 40 ° C, the battery cooling function is activated, and when the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed. When the battery temperature reaches 45 ° C, the battery cooling needs are preferentially met. In addition, when the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, if the battery temperature is less than 45 ° C, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand is first satisfied, and if the in-vehicle refrigeration power is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the battery cooling branch is increased. Opening degree to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand can be preferentially satisfied.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第18圖所示,當為加熱模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節具體包括: S35’,判斷溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 18, when in the heating mode, adjusting the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 specifically includes: S35', determining the power required for temperature adjustment Whether P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
S36’,如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率。S36', if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and the power of the heater for heating the battery is increased according to the power difference.
S37’,如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,則保持加熱器的功率不變。S37', if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power of the heater is kept constant.
具體地,當進入加熱模式時,加熱器開啟,根據P1和P2調節加熱器的功率。如果P1大於P2,說明如果加熱器按照當前功率加熱,那麼無法使電池的溫度在目標時間t內上升至目標溫度。因此繼續獲取P1與P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加加熱器的功率,其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器的功率增加的越多。而如果P1小於等於P2,可以保持加熱器的功率不變。當電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器關閉。如果進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,電池的溫度仍然低於10℃,則適當增加加熱器的功率,以使電池儘快完成升溫。由此,可以根據電池的實際狀態精確控制溫度調節功率,可以使電池在目標時間內完成溫度調節。Specifically, when entering the heating mode, the heater is turned on, and the power of the heater is adjusted according to P1 and P2. If P1 is greater than P2, it means that if the heater is heated at the current power, the temperature of the battery cannot be raised to the target temperature within the target time t. Therefore, the power difference between P1 and P2 is continuously obtained, and the power of the heater is increased according to the power difference, wherein the larger the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater is increased. And if P1 is less than or equal to P2, the power of the heater can be kept constant. When the temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery is heated, and the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the heater is turned off. If the temperature of the battery is still below 10 ° C after entering the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the power of the heater is appropriately increased to allow the battery to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible. Thereby, the temperature adjustment power can be precisely controlled according to the actual state of the battery, and the battery can be temperature-regulated within the target time.
根據本發明的一個實施例,上述的車輛的溫度調節方法還可以包括:如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於溫度調節實際功率P2,則降低幫浦的轉速。如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,則提高幫浦的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle may further include: if the temperature adjustment required power P1 is smaller than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, reducing the rotation speed of the pump. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果P1小於P2,控制幫浦的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果P1大於P2,控除可以控制加熱器的功率增加或控制電池冷卻支路的開度增大外,還控制幫浦的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現電池的溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 is less than P2, the rotation speed of the control pump is lowered to save power. If P1 is greater than P2, the control can control the increase of the power of the heater or control the increase of the opening degree of the battery cooling branch, and also control the increase of the rotation speed of the pump, and can increase the coolant flowing through the cross section of the cooling flow path per unit time. The quality, thereby increasing the temperature adjustment actual power P2, to achieve temperature regulation of the battery within the target time t.
車輛可以包括單個電池,也可以由複數電池串聯、並聯或混聯組成。如第14A圖至第14B圖所示,以電池為2個為例,當電池為2個(第一電池和第二電池)時,幫浦對應為兩個,且兩個幫浦一個為正向幫浦,一個為反向幫浦。The vehicle may comprise a single battery or may be composed of a plurality of batteries connected in series, in parallel or in a mixture. As shown in Figures 14A to 14B, taking two batteries as an example, when the battery is two (first battery and second battery), the pump corresponds to two, and two pumps are positive. To the pump, one for the reverse pump.
在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf。其中,第一電池的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池的溫度調節實際功率為P22。壓縮機的最大製冷功率P。When the temperature regulation system enters the cooling mode, the controller separately obtains P1 of each battery, the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery, and the maximum cooling power P of a single compressor, and adds P1 of each battery to calculate The total temperature of the entire temperature regulation system adjusts the required power P Z , and adds the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual power Pf. Wherein, the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery is P22. The maximum cooling power P of the compressor.
如果總溫度調節需求功率PZ 與車內冷卻需求功率P4的和小於等於壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,即Pz+P4≤P,則壓縮機按照PZ +P4製冷功率運行。If the sum of the total temperature adjustment required power P Z and the in-vehicle cooling demand power P4 is less than or equal to the maximum cooling power P of the compressor, that is, Pz + P4 ≤ P, the compressor operates at a cooling power of P Z + P4.
如果Pz+P4>P,則判斷第一電池或者第二電池的溫度是否大於45℃,如果大於45℃,則優先為電池冷卻提供冷卻功率,控制器控制壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率P運行,電池冷卻支路4的冷卻功率為Pz,車內冷卻支路3的冷卻功率等於P-Pz。If Pz+P4>P, it is determined whether the temperature of the first battery or the second battery is greater than 45 ° C. If it is greater than 45 ° C, the cooling power is preferentially provided for battery cooling, and the controller controls the compressor 1 to operate according to the maximum cooling power P. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch 4 is Pz, and the cooling power of the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 is equal to P-Pz.
如果判定電池溫度不大於45℃,且車內溫度還未達到設定溫度,則優先為車內提供冷卻功率,壓縮機1按照最大製冷功率P運行,車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率為P4,電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率等於P-P4。If it is determined that the battery temperature is not greater than 45 ° C, and the temperature inside the vehicle has not reached the set temperature, the cooling power is preferentially provided for the interior of the vehicle, the compressor 1 is operated according to the maximum cooling power P, and the cooling power of the cooling branch of the vehicle is P4, the battery The cooling power of the cooling branch is equal to P-P4.
如果車內溫度已經達到設定溫度,則優先滿足電池的冷卻功率。電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率為Pz。If the temperature inside the vehicle has reached the set temperature, the cooling power of the battery is preferentially satisfied. The cooling power of the battery cooling branch is Pz.
第一電池和第二電池的溫度調節實際功率的和為Pf,當Pz>Pf,需要調節的功率為Pc(Pc=Pz-Pf)。如果Pz+P4+Pc≤P,則壓縮機需要增大的製冷功率為Pc,增大第二膨脹閥的開度,提高幫浦的轉速。同時進行如下處理: 如果P11-P21=Pc1,P12-P22=Pc2,P11>P21,P12>P22: 當Pc1大於設定值時,控制正向幫浦開啟,反向幫浦關閉,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增大。當Pc2大於設定值時,控制反向幫浦開啟,正向幫浦關閉,使得第二電池的冷卻功率增大。當Pc1>Pc2時,控制正向幫浦開啟,反向幫浦關閉,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增大。當Pc1≤Pc2時,控制反向幫浦開啟,正向幫浦關閉,使得第二電池的冷卻功率增大。The sum of the temperature-regulated actual powers of the first battery and the second battery is Pf, and when Pz>Pf, the power to be adjusted is Pc (Pc=Pz-Pf). If Pz+P4+Pc≤P, the compressor needs to increase the cooling power to Pc, increase the opening degree of the second expansion valve, and increase the rotation speed of the pump. At the same time, the following processing is performed: If P11-P21=Pc1, P12-P22=Pc2, P11>P21, P12>P22: When Pc1 is greater than the set value, the control forward pump is turned on, and the reverse pump is turned off, so that the first battery The cooling power is increased. When Pc2 is greater than the set value, the control reverse pump is turned on, and the forward pump is turned off, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased. When Pc1>Pc2, the control forward pump is turned on, and the reverse pump is turned off, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased. When Pc1 ≤ Pc2, the control reverse pump is turned on, and the forward pump is turned off, so that the cooling power of the second battery is increased.
並且,當第一電池的溫度T61大於第二電池的溫度T62時,控制正向幫浦開啟,反向幫浦關閉,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增大。當第一電池的溫度T61小於等於第二電池的溫度T62時,控制反向幫浦開啟,正向幫浦關閉,使得電池的冷卻功率增大。And, when the temperature T61 of the first battery is greater than the temperature T62 of the second battery, the control forward pump is turned on, and the reverse pump is turned off, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased. When the temperature T61 of the first battery is less than or equal to the temperature T62 of the second battery, the reverse pump is controlled to be turned on, and the forward pump is turned off, so that the cooling power of the battery is increased.
如果P21-P11=Pc1,P22-P12=Pc2,P11≤P21,P12≤P22,則可以按照如下處理: 當Pc1大於設定值時,控制正向幫浦關閉,反向幫浦開啟,使得第一電池的冷卻功率減少。當Pc2大於設定值時,控制反向幫浦關閉,正向幫浦開啟,使得第二電池的冷卻功率減少。當Pc1>Pc2時,控制正向幫浦關閉,反向幫浦開啟,使得第一電池的冷卻功率減少。當Pc1≤Pc2時,控制反向幫浦關閉,正向幫浦開啟,使得第二電池的冷卻功率減少。If P21-P11=Pc1, P22-P12=Pc2, P11≤P21, P12≤P22, it can be processed as follows: When Pc1 is greater than the set value, the control forward pump is turned off, and the reverse pump is turned on, so that the first The cooling power of the battery is reduced. When Pc2 is greater than the set value, the control reverse pump is turned off, and the forward pump is turned on, so that the cooling power of the second battery is reduced. When Pc1>Pc2, the control forward pump is turned off, and the reverse pump is turned on, so that the cooling power of the first battery is reduced. When Pc1 ≤ Pc2, the control reverse pump is turned off, and the forward pump is turned on, so that the cooling power of the second battery is reduced.
並且,當第一電池的溫度T61大於第二電池的溫度T62時,控制正向幫浦開啟,反向幫浦關閉,使得第一電池的冷卻功率增大。當第一電池的溫度T61小於等於第二電池的溫度T62時,控制反向幫浦開啟,正向幫浦關閉,使得電池的冷卻功率增大。And, when the temperature T61 of the first battery is greater than the temperature T62 of the second battery, the control forward pump is turned on, and the reverse pump is turned off, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased. When the temperature T61 of the first battery is less than or equal to the temperature T62 of the second battery, the reverse pump is controlled to be turned on, and the forward pump is turned off, so that the cooling power of the battery is increased.
另外,也可以是,在第一電池和第二電池的冷卻功能啟動時,如果第一電池的溫度高於第二電池的溫度,且差值超過預設值,則控制正向幫浦工作,以使冷卻液先流過第一電池,再流過第二電池,從而使第一電池儘快完成降溫。而如果第二電池的溫度高於第一電池的溫度,且差值超過預設值,則控制反向幫浦工作,以使冷卻液先流過第二電池,再流過第一電池,從而使第二電池儘快完成降溫。由此,通過改變冷卻液的流向,可以減少第一電池和第二電池的溫度差。In addition, when the cooling function of the first battery and the second battery is started, if the temperature of the first battery is higher than the temperature of the second battery, and the difference exceeds a preset value, the forward pump operation is controlled. In order to allow the coolant to flow through the first battery and then through the second battery, the first battery is cooled as soon as possible. And if the temperature of the second battery is higher than the temperature of the first battery, and the difference exceeds a preset value, controlling the reverse pump operation, so that the coolant first flows through the second battery and then flows through the first battery, thereby Allow the second battery to cool down as soon as possible. Thereby, by changing the flow direction of the cooling liquid, the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery can be reduced.
而在第一電池和第二電池的冷卻功能和加熱功能都沒有啟動時,如果第一電池和第二電池的溫度差超過預設值,則可以控制正向幫浦或反向幫浦啟動,以使電池冷卻支路中的冷卻液流動,從而均衡第一電池和第二電池的溫度。When the cooling function and the heating function of the first battery and the second battery are not activated, if the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery exceeds a preset value, the forward pump or the reverse pump can be controlled to be started. The coolant in the battery cooling branch flows to equalize the temperatures of the first battery and the second battery.
根據本發明實施例的車輛的溫度調節方法,首先獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率,再獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率,最後根據溫度調節需求功率、溫度調節實際功率、車內溫度和空調設定溫度對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整。由此,該方法通過對車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的開度進行調整,既可以在車載電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行快速調節,使車載電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,避免發生由於溫度影響車載電池性能的情況,還可以在電池的溫度滿足要求的情況下,使車內溫度滿足需求。According to the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, the temperature adjustment demand power of the battery is acquired, and then the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery is obtained, and finally, the required power is adjusted according to the temperature, the actual power is adjusted, the temperature inside the vehicle, and the set temperature of the air conditioner are set. The opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch are adjusted. Therefore, the method adjusts the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, and can quickly adjust the temperature when the vehicle battery temperature is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle battery is maintained at the pre-heat Set the range to avoid the situation that the performance of the vehicle battery is affected by the temperature, and also make the temperature inside the vehicle meet the demand if the temperature of the battery meets the requirements.
當電池、製冷支路、車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路為複數個時,車載電池的溫度調節系統包括:複數製冷支路、複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和電池溫度調節模組。When the battery, the cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch are plural, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery includes: a plurality of cooling branches, a plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, a plurality of battery cooling branches, and a battery temperature Adjust the module.
其中,每個製冷支路包括壓縮機1、與壓縮機1相連的冷凝器2。複數車內冷卻支路分別與複數製冷支路相連。電池溫度調節模組5與電池冷卻支路相連,用於獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,並獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,以及根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。Wherein each refrigeration branch comprises a compressor 1 and a condenser 2 connected to the compressor 1. The plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches are respectively connected to the plurality of cooling branches. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 is connected to the battery cooling branch for acquiring the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and acquiring the regional temperature Tq and the air conditioning set temperature Ts of the plurality of regions in the vehicle, and adjusting the required power according to the temperature. P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts adjust the opening degrees of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches.
其中,在本發明的實施中,電池可以電池包或電池模組。每個電池冷卻支路對應並聯或串聯的複數電池。Wherein, in the implementation of the present invention, the battery can be a battery pack or a battery module. Each battery cooling branch corresponds to a plurality of batteries connected in parallel or in series.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,電池溫度調節模組5根據所溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對在目標時間t內對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,以達到目標溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 adjusts the required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex region temperature Tq, and the air conditioner set temperature Ts to the plurality of vehicles within the target time t. The opening of the cooling branch, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches are adjusted to achieve the target temperature.
舉例而言,如第19圖至第20圖所示,以製冷支路、電池冷卻支路、車內冷卻支路和電池為兩個為例,電池分別為第一電池61和第二電池62,製冷支路分別為第一製冷支路11和第二製冷支路12,電池冷卻支路分別為第一電池冷卻支路401和第二電池冷卻支路402,車內冷卻支路迴路分別為第一車內冷卻支路301和第二車內冷卻支路302。第19A圖和第19B圖為電池串聯連接,第20圖為電池並聯連接。當第一電池61和/或第二電池62的溫度過高/過低時,需要對第一電池61和/或第二電池62進行溫度調節。電池溫度調節模組5獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,根據P1和P2調節複數電池冷卻支路的開度,以調節電池的冷卻功率,且電池溫度調節模組5獲取複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,並根據Tq和Ts控制每個電池冷卻支路開度,例如,如果某個區域的Tq較高且於其它區域的Tq相差較大,則電池溫度調節模組5控制冷卻該區域的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度減小,同時,為保證電池的冷卻功率不變,電池溫度調節模組5控制另一車內冷卻支路的開度減小,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度增大。由此,該系統根據每個電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域的溫度。For example, as shown in FIG. 19 to FIG. 20, taking the cooling branch, the battery cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch, and the battery as two examples, the batteries are the first battery 61 and the second battery 62, respectively. The cooling branches are respectively a first cooling branch 11 and a second cooling branch 12, and the battery cooling branches are a first battery cooling branch 401 and a second battery cooling branch 402, respectively, and the in-vehicle cooling branch circuits are respectively The first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302. 19A and 19B are batteries connected in series, and Fig. 20 is a battery connected in parallel. When the temperature of the first battery 61 and/or the second battery 62 is too high/low, the temperature adjustment of the first battery 61 and/or the second battery 62 is required. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 obtains the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, adjusts the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches according to P1 and P2 to adjust the cooling power of the battery, and the battery temperature adjustment module 5 acquires the plurality of regions. The temperature Tq and the air conditioner set the temperature Ts, and control the opening degree of each battery cooling branch according to Tq and Ts. For example, if the Tq of a certain area is high and the Tq of the other area is large, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 The opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch that controls the cooling of the area is increased, and the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is controlled to be reduced, and at the same time, to ensure the cooling power of the battery is unchanged, the battery temperature adjusting module 5 controls another The opening degree of the cooling branch in the vehicle is reduced, and the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is controlled to increase. Therefore, the system allocates the cooling capacity of the battery and each area in the vehicle according to the actual state of each battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, not only when the battery temperature is too high or when the temperature is too low. Adjustments are made to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature in each zone of the compartment can be equalized.
可以理解,電池溫度調節模組5的製冷功率由車載空調提供,與車內製冷系統共用製冷量,從而可以減少溫度調節系統的體積,並使冷卻液流量的分配更加靈活。It can be understood that the cooling power of the battery temperature regulating module 5 is provided by the vehicle air conditioner, and the cooling capacity is shared with the in-vehicle refrigeration system, thereby reducing the volume of the temperature regulating system and making the distribution of the coolant flow more flexible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,電池冷卻支路可以包括換熱器41,換熱器41與電池溫度調節模組5相連。換熱器41可以包括第一管道和第二管道,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。電池溫度調節模組5包括:調節電池溫度的流路(圖中未具體示出),流路設置在電池之中。連接在流路和換熱器41之間的幫浦51、介質容器52、加熱器53,以及控制器(圖中未具體示出)。其中,控制器獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節。車內冷卻支路可以包括:蒸發器31、第一膨脹閥32和第一電子閥33。電池冷卻支路4還可以包括第二膨脹閥42和第二電子閥43。According to an embodiment of the invention, the battery cooling branch may include a heat exchanger 41 connected to the battery temperature regulating module 5. The heat exchanger 41 may include a first pipe and a second pipe, the second pipe is connected to the battery temperature regulating module 5, and the first pipe is connected to the compressor 1, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are adjacent to each other. . The battery temperature adjustment module 5 includes a flow path (not specifically shown) for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and the flow path is disposed in the battery. A pump 51, a medium container 52, a heater 53, and a controller (not specifically shown) are connected between the flow path and the heat exchanger 41. The controller acquires the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and adjusts the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. The in-vehicle cooling branch may include an evaporator 31, a first expansion valve 32, and a first electronic valve 33. The battery cooling branch 4 may also include a second expansion valve 42 and a second electronic valve 43.
如第20圖所示,當電池為複數個並聯時,每個電池的流路入口處還設置有閥門58。控制器可以根據每個電池對應的P1和P2通過控制閥門58分別控制流入每個電池的冷卻液流量,從而可以精確控制每個電池的加熱功率/製冷功率。As shown in Fig. 20, when the batteries are connected in parallel, a valve 58 is also provided at the flow path inlet of each battery. The controller can control the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the batteries through the control valve 58 according to the corresponding valves P1 and P2 of each battery, so that the heating power/cooling power of each battery can be precisely controlled.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第19圖至第20圖所示,當電池為複數個,且流路為串聯連接,複數電池對應複數調節電池的冷卻液流量的幫浦,且該幫浦為雙向幫浦。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 19 to 20, when there are a plurality of batteries and the flow paths are connected in series, the plurality of batteries correspond to a plurality of pumps for regulating the coolant flow rate of the battery, and the pump For the two-way pump.
如第19圖至第20圖所示,以電池為2個為例,當電池為2個(第一電池61和第二電池62),且串聯連接時,幫浦對應為2個,且兩個幫浦一個為正向幫浦511,一個為反向幫浦522。As shown in FIG. 19 to FIG. 20, taking two batteries as an example, when two batteries (first battery 61 and second battery 62) are connected in series, the pump corresponds to two, and two One pump is for the forward pump 511 and one for the reverse pump 522.
如第19A圖所示,當正向幫浦511啟動時,第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53—正向幫浦511—第一溫度感測器55—第一電池61—第二電池62—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52。如第19B圖所示,當反向幫浦522啟動時,第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器52—流速感測器57—第二溫度感測器56—第二電池62—第一電池61—第一溫度感測器55—反向幫浦512—加熱器53—換熱器41—介質容器52。As shown in Fig. 19A, when the forward pump 511 is started, the flow direction of the coolant in the second pipe is: the medium container 52 - the heat exchanger 41 - the heater 53 - the forward pump 511 - the first temperature sense The detector 55 - the first battery 61 - the second battery 62 - the second temperature sensor 56 - the flow rate sensor 57 - the medium container 52. As shown in FIG. 19B, when the reverse pump 522 is activated, the flow direction of the coolant in the second pipe is: the medium container 52 - the flow rate sensor 57 - the second temperature sensor 56 - the second battery 62 - The first battery 61 - the first temperature sensor 55 - the reverse pump 512 - the heater 53 - the heat exchanger 41 - the medium container 52.
另外,在第一電池61和第二電池62的冷卻功能啟動時,如果第一電池61的溫度高於第二電池62的溫度,且差值超過預設值,則控制器控制正向幫浦511工作,以使冷卻液先流過第一電池61,再流過第二電池62,從而使第一電池61儘快完成降溫。而如果第二電池62的溫度高於第一電池61的溫度,且差值超過預設值,則控制器控制反向幫浦512工作,以使冷卻液先流過第二電池62,再流過第一電池61,從而使第二電池62儘快完成降溫。由此,通過改變冷卻液的流向,可以減少第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度差。而在第一電池61和第二電池62的冷卻功能和加熱功能都沒有啟動時,如果第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度差超過預設值,則控制器可以控制正向幫浦511啟動,以使電池冷卻支路4中的冷卻液流動,從而均衡第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度。In addition, when the cooling function of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 is activated, if the temperature of the first battery 61 is higher than the temperature of the second battery 62, and the difference exceeds a preset value, the controller controls the forward pump The 511 operates to allow the coolant to flow through the first battery 61 and then through the second battery 62, thereby causing the first battery 61 to complete the cooling as soon as possible. And if the temperature of the second battery 62 is higher than the temperature of the first battery 61, and the difference exceeds a preset value, the controller controls the reverse pump 512 to operate, so that the coolant first flows through the second battery 62, and then flows. The first battery 61 is passed, so that the second battery 62 is cooled as soon as possible. Thereby, the temperature difference between the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 can be reduced by changing the flow direction of the cooling liquid. When neither the cooling function nor the heating function of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 is activated, if the temperature difference between the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 exceeds a preset value, the controller may control the forward pump 511. The startup is performed to cause the coolant in the battery cooling branch 4 to flow, thereby equalizing the temperatures of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62.
下面結合具體的實施例說明如何獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。How to obtain the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器可以用於分別獲取每個電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率,以及分別獲取每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率,並根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率產生每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be configured to separately acquire a first parameter when each battery is turned on, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the first parameter, and acquire each battery separately. a second parameter at the time of temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the second parameter, and adjusting the required power according to the first temperature of each battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery The temperature adjustment of each battery requires power P1.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,控制器獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ,並根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the controller acquires the first between the initial temperature and the target temperature. A temperature difference ΔT 1 , and generating a first temperature adjustment required power according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,控制器通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t (1), 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池6的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, the controller generates the first temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t (1), where ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 6, and M is the quality of the battery.
第二參數為每個電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,控制器通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2), 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。The second parameter is the average current I of each battery within a preset time, and the controller generates a second temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2), where I is the average current, R It is the internal resistance of the battery.
當對電池進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器分別根據每個電池所在迴路的第一溫度感測器55偵測的入口溫度和第二溫度感測器56偵測的出口溫度產生每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 ,並根據每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速感測器57偵測的流速v產生每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller generates a second of each battery according to an inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 55 of each circuit in which the battery is located and an outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 56, respectively. The temperature difference ΔT 2 , and the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of each battery is generated according to the second temperature difference ΔT 2 of each battery and the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 57.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the actual power P2 is adjusted according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is in the flow path The specific heat capacity of the coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow path The cross-sectional area.
具體地,如第19圖至第20圖所示,輛通電後,控制器判斷車輛是否需要進行溫度調節,如果判斷車輛需要溫度調節,則開啟溫度調節功能,並發送低轉速資訊給幫浦51,幫浦以默認轉速(如低轉速)開始工作。控制器可以獲取每個電池的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算出每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,控制器獲分別獲取每個電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)計算每個電池第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,控制器分別根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率計算溫度調節需求功率P1。並且,如第19圖至第20圖所示,當電池串聯連接時,控制器獲取第一溫度感測器55和第二溫度感測器56偵測溫度資訊,並分別獲取流速感測器偵測的流速資訊,根據公式(3)計算出電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。如第20圖所示,當電池並聯連接時,控制器分別獲取每個電池對應設置的第一溫度感測器55和第二溫度感測器56偵測溫度資訊,並分別獲取流速感測器57偵測的流速資訊,根據公式(3)分別計算出每個電池6的溫度調節實際功率P2。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 19 to FIG. 20, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller determines whether the vehicle needs to perform temperature adjustment. If it is determined that the vehicle needs temperature adjustment, the temperature adjustment function is turned on, and the low rotation speed information is sent to the pump 51. The pump starts working at the default speed (such as low speed). The controller can acquire an initial temperature (ie, current temperature) of each battery, a target temperature, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to actual conditions, and according to the formula (1) Calculate the first temperature regulation required power of each battery. At the same time, the controller obtains the average current I of each battery for a preset time, and calculates the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to formula (2). Then, the controller calculates the temperature adjustment required power P1 according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery, respectively. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 19 to FIG. 20, when the batteries are connected in series, the controller acquires the first temperature sensor 55 and the second temperature sensor 56 to detect the temperature information, and separately acquires the flow rate sensor to detect The measured flow rate information is calculated according to formula (3), and the actual temperature P2 of the battery is adjusted. As shown in FIG. 20, when the batteries are connected in parallel, the controller acquires the first temperature sensor 55 and the second temperature sensor 56 corresponding to each battery to detect the temperature information, and respectively obtains the flow rate sensor. 57 The detected flow rate information is calculated according to formula (3), and the actual temperature P2 of each battery 6 is calculated.
下面將結合具體地實施例描述如何根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路(30和30)複數電池冷卻支路(401和402)和複數製冷支路(11和12)的開度進行調整。How to adjust the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches (30 and 30) to the plurality of battery cooling branches (401) according to the temperature adjustment required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. And 402) and the opening of the plurality of cooling branches (11 and 12) are adjusted.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於,根據複數電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率Pz,並判斷總溫度調節需求功率Pz是否與車載空調的最大製冷功率P匹配,其中,如果匹配,則控制器根據複數並聯的電池的總溫度調節需求功率P1為電池進行冷卻;如果不匹配,則控制器根據壓縮機的最大製冷功率P和複數電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1為電池進行冷卻。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to generate the total temperature adjustment required power Pz according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of batteries, and determine whether the total temperature adjustment required power Pz matches the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, Wherein, if matched, the controller cools the battery according to the total temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the plurality of parallel batteries; if not, the controller adjusts the demand according to the maximum cooling power P of the compressor and the temperature of the plurality of battery cooling branches Power P1 cools the battery.
具體地,如第20圖所示,在電池冷卻功能開啟時,控制器可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,即將每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1相加即可得到總溫度調節需求功率Pz。然後根據總溫度調節需求功率Pz判斷PZ 是否與車載空調的最大製冷功率P匹配,即判斷Pz是否小於或等於P,如果是,則控制器根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1通過控制閥門58對每個電池進行冷卻。而如果PZ 與車載空調的最大製冷功率P不匹配,即Pz大於P,則控制器根據空調的最大製冷功率P和每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1,通過調節閥門58的開度按比例進行冷卻液流量分配,從而可以以最大效率使每個電池完成降溫。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 20, when the battery cooling function is turned on, the controller can calculate the total temperature adjustment required power Pz of the entire temperature adjustment system according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, that is, the temperature of each battery. The total required temperature adjustment required power Pz can be obtained by adjusting the required power P1. Then, according to the total temperature adjustment demand power Pz, it is judged whether P Z matches the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, that is, whether Pz is less than or equal to P, and if so, the controller adjusts the required power P1 according to the temperature of each battery through the control valve. 58 cool each battery. If P Z does not match the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, that is, Pz is greater than P, the controller adjusts the required power P1 according to the maximum cooling power P of the air conditioner and the temperature of each battery, and proportionally adjusts the opening degree of the valve 58. Coolant flow distribution is performed so that each battery can be cooled down with maximum efficiency.
根據本發明的一個實施例,複數製冷支路分別對應複數出風口,複數區域溫度為複數出風口的溫度。According to an embodiment of the invention, the plurality of cooling branches respectively correspond to the plurality of air outlets, and the plurality of regional temperatures are the temperatures of the plurality of air outlets.
舉例而言,如第21圖所示,可在車廂內設置4個出風口,分別為出風口1-出風口4。通過偵測出風口溫度Tc偵測對應的區域溫度Tq。假設出風口1和出風口2由第一製冷支路11提供製冷功率,設出風口3和出風口4由第二製冷支路12提供製冷功率。For example, as shown in Fig. 21, four air outlets, which are an air outlet 1 - an air outlet 4, can be provided in the vehicle compartment. The corresponding zone temperature Tq is detected by detecting the tuyere temperature Tc. It is assumed that the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 are supplied with the cooling power by the first cooling branch 11, and the outlet 3 and the outlet 4 are provided with the cooling power by the second cooling branch 12.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於偵測複數電池的溫度,並在複數並聯電池中任一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以及在複數電池中任一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller is further configured to detect a temperature of the plurality of batteries, and control the temperature adjustment system to enter the cooling mode when the temperature of any of the plurality of parallel batteries is greater than the first temperature threshold, and When the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries is less than the second temperature threshold, the temperature control system is controlled to enter the heating mode. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,控制器即時偵測每個電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中某個電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行降溫處理,控制器控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統,以及控制第二電子閥43開啟,以使冷卻液與電池進行熱交換以降低該電池的溫度。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller instantly detects the temperature of each battery and makes a judgment. If the temperature of one of the batteries is higher than 40 °C, the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the influence of high temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be cooled, and the controller controls the temperature adjustment system to enter the cooling mode. And sending a battery cooling function to start the information to the air conditioning system, and controlling the second electronic valve 43 to open, so that the coolant exchanges heat with the battery to lower the temperature of the battery.
而如果某個電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時該電池6溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行升溫處理,控制器控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式,控制第二電子閥43關閉,並控制加熱器53開啟,以為溫度調節系統提供加熱功率。If the temperature of a battery is lower than 0 °C, the temperature of the battery 6 is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be warmed up, and the controller controls the temperature adjustment system to enter the heating mode. The second electronic valve 43 is controlled to be closed, and the heater 53 is controlled to be turned on to provide heating power to the temperature adjustment system.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,控制器還用於,在電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,判斷電池溫度是否大於第三溫度臨界值,其中,如果電池溫度大於第三溫度臨界值,則控制器降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度,其中,複數電池冷卻支路的開度通過對應的閥門(即第二膨脹閥42)分別控制,第三溫度臨界值大於第一溫度臨界值,例如第三溫度臨界值可以為45℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to determine whether the battery temperature is greater than a third temperature threshold when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2. Wherein, if the battery temperature is greater than the third temperature threshold, the controller reduces the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, and increases the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches, wherein the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches passes corresponding The valve (ie, the second expansion valve 42) is separately controlled, and the third temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, for example, the third temperature threshold may be 45 °C.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果P1大於P2,則控制器判斷電池的溫度是否大於45℃。如果任一電池的溫度大於45℃,說明當前電池的溫度過高,控制器減少第一膨脹閥32的開度,以減少車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,同時增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。由此,通過調整車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的製冷量分配,可以在電池溫度過高時在目標時間內完成電池的溫度調節。Specifically, when in the cooling mode, if P1 is greater than P2, the controller determines whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 °C. If the temperature of any of the batteries is greater than 45 ° C, indicating that the current temperature of the battery is too high, the controller reduces the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 to reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle, and increases the second expansion valve 42. The opening is increased to increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch. Thus, by adjusting the cooling capacity distribution of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, the temperature adjustment of the battery can be completed within the target time when the battery temperature is too high.
根據本發明的一個實施例,為冷卻模式時,控制器還用於在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於電池的冷卻的壓縮機1的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率,或者在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to obtain the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the actual temperature adjustment when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The power difference between the powers P2, and increases the power of the compressor 1 for cooling the battery according to the power difference, or adjusts the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery, or at some The temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, reduce the power of the compressor or keep the power of the compressor unchanged, or adjust the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to reduce the battery Cooling power.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,如果電池為複數個,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的降溫,所以,控制器獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機1的功率,或者增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,壓縮機1的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果其中某一電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持壓縮機1的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機1的功率,或者減少該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當所有電池的溫度低於35℃時,則電池冷卻完成,控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制第二電子閥43關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度高於35℃,則控制器再適當增加壓縮機的功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, if the battery is plural, the controller acquires P1 and P2 of each battery, respectively, and makes a judgment. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the controller obtains the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery. And increasing the power of the compressor 1 according to the power difference, or increasing the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the power difference between P1 and P2 is larger, the power of the compressor 1 is The more the coolant flow rate of the battery is increased, so that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within a preset time t. And if P1 of one of the batteries is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor 1 can be kept constant or the power of the compressor 1 can be appropriately reduced, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced, and the cooling of the battery can be reduced. power. When the temperature of all the batteries is lower than 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed, and the controller sends information for turning off the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and controls the second electronic valve 43 to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ° C, the controller appropriately increases the power of the compressor to complete the cooling of the battery as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於在某個電池的溫度小於第三溫度臨界值,且車內溫度等於空調設定溫度Ts時,降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches when the temperature of the battery is less than the third temperature threshold and the indoor temperature is equal to the air conditioning set temperature Ts, and Increase the opening of the cooling branch of the multiple battery.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果每個電池的溫度都小於45℃,控制器判斷車內溫度是否達到空調設定溫度Ts。如果達到,則控制器減少第一膨脹閥32的開度,並增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,減小車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,儘快完成電池的降溫。而如果車內溫度沒有達到空調設定溫度Ts,則優先滿足車內的製冷需求,控制器增大第一膨脹閥32的開度,並減小第二膨脹閥42的開度。Specifically, when it is in the cooling mode, if the temperature of each battery is less than 45 ° C, the controller determines whether the temperature inside the vehicle reaches the air-conditioning set temperature Ts. If so, the controller reduces the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 and increases the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 to increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch and reduce the coolant of the cooling branch in the vehicle. Flow, complete the battery cooling as soon as possible. On the other hand, if the temperature inside the vehicle does not reach the air-conditioning set temperature Ts, the cooling demand in the vehicle is preferentially satisfied, and the controller increases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 and reduces the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42.
此外,還對對電池溫度做了分層次處理,溫度控制的臨界值分別為40℃、45℃和35℃。當電池溫度高於40℃時,電池冷卻功能啟動,當電池溫度降低至35℃,則電池冷卻完成。當電池溫度達到45℃時,優先滿足電池冷卻需求。另外,溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,如果電池溫度不超過45℃,則仍然優先車內的製冷需求,如果車內的製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則控制器增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,可優先滿足車內製冷需求。In addition, the battery temperature was also processed hierarchically, and the critical values of temperature control were 40 ° C, 45 ° C and 35 ° C, respectively. When the battery temperature is higher than 40 ° C, the battery cooling function is activated, and when the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed. When the battery temperature reaches 45 ° C, the battery cooling needs are preferentially met. In addition, when the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ° C, the cooling demand in the vehicle is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the controller increases. The battery cools the opening of the branch to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand can be preferentially satisfied.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於獲取複數區域溫度之間的溫度差,並在溫度差大於第四溫度臨界值時,將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,並將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度降低。其中,第四溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為3℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller is further configured to obtain a temperature difference between the plurality of regional temperatures, and when the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold, the in-vehicle cooling corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located The opening degree of the branch road is increased, and the opening degree of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located is lowered. The fourth temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 3 ° C.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度降低,並將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度提高。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located, and correspond to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located The opening of the battery cooling branch is increased.
具體地,在電池冷卻程序中,如果車內需要開啟空調,則需要對車廂內的環境溫度進行監測和控制,使得車內各處的環境溫度保持均衡,同時又能滿足電池冷卻的要求。如第21圖所示,當偵測到出風口1和出風口2處區域溫度Tq比出風口3和出風口4處附近區域溫度Tq高3℃以上時,控制第一車內冷卻支路301中的第一膨脹閥32的開度增大,同時控制第一電池冷卻支路401中的第二膨脹閥42的開度減小,以使第一車內冷卻支路301中的冷卻功率增加。控制器還控制第二車內冷卻支路302中的第一膨脹閥32的開度減小,第二電池冷卻支路402中的第二膨脹閥42的開度增大,以使第二車內冷卻支路302中的冷卻功率較小。由此,可以使第一電池冷卻301和第二電池冷卻支路302的冷卻功率不變,同時又使得車內各處出風口附近區域氣溫均衡。當車載空調偵測到出風口1、出風口2處附近區域氣溫Tq和出風口3、出風口4處附近區域氣溫Tq差異在3℃以內時,控制器控制第一車內冷卻支路301和第二車內冷卻支路302中的第一膨脹閥32開度相同,以保證第一車內冷卻支路301和第二車內冷卻支路302的冷卻功率相同。Specifically, in the battery cooling process, if the air conditioner needs to be turned on in the vehicle, the ambient temperature in the vehicle compartment needs to be monitored and controlled, so that the ambient temperature throughout the vehicle is balanced, and at the same time, the battery cooling requirement can be met. As shown in FIG. 21, when it is detected that the regional temperature Tq at the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is higher than the temperature Tq of the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 by more than 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is controlled. The opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 is increased while controlling the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the first battery cooling branch 401 to decrease, so that the cooling power in the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is increased. . The controller also controls the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 to decrease, and the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the second battery cooling branch 402 is increased to make the second car The cooling power in the internal cooling branch 302 is small. Thereby, the cooling power of the first battery cooling 301 and the second battery cooling branch 302 can be made constant, and at the same time, the temperature in the vicinity of the air outlets in the vehicle is equalized. When the vehicle air conditioner detects the air outlet 1, the air temperature Tq near the air outlet 2, the air outlet 3, and the air temperature Tq in the vicinity of the air outlet 4, the controller controls the first interior cooling branch 301 and The first expansion valve 32 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 has the same opening degree to ensure that the cooling powers of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 are the same.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,控制器在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率,或者調節增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的加熱功率,以及在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小加熱器的功率或保持加熱器的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The power difference between the power, and the power of the heater for heating the battery is increased according to the power difference, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery is increased to increase the heating power of the battery, and in a certain battery When the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power P2, the power of the heater is reduced or the power of the heater is kept constant, or the coolant flow rate of the loop circuit of the battery is adjusted to reduce the battery flow. heating power.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的升溫,所以,控制器獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器53的功率,或者通過調節對應的幫浦51的轉速提高,以增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以使該電池可以在目標時間t內完成溫度調節。其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器53的功率增加的越多。而如果某個電池的P1小於或等於P2,控制器可以適當減小加熱器53的功率,以節省電能,或者通過調節對應的幫浦51的轉速降低減小該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減小加熱功率,或保持加熱器53的功率不變。當所有電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器53關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度低於10℃,則控制器再適當增加加熱器53的功率,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, the controller acquires P1 and P2 of each battery, respectively, and makes a determination. If P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the heating of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the flow rate of the coolant, the controller obtains the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery. And increasing the power of the heater 53 for heating the battery according to the power difference, or by adjusting the rotation speed of the corresponding pump 51 to increase the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery, so that the battery can be at the target time. Temperature adjustment is completed within t. Among them, the larger the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater 53 is increased. If the P1 of a certain battery is less than or equal to P2, the controller can appropriately reduce the power of the heater 53 to save power, or reduce the cooling of the loop branch circuit of the battery by adjusting the rotation speed of the corresponding pump 51. The liquid flow rate is to reduce the heating power or to keep the power of the heater 53 unchanged. When the temperature of all the batteries is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery heating is completed, and the controller sends the information of the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and controls the heater 53 to be turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is still lower than 10 ° C, the controller further increases the power of the heater 53 to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,降低幫浦51的轉速,並在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,提高幫浦51的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the rotation speed of the pump 51 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, and adjust the temperature requirement of a certain battery. When the power P1 is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果某個電池的P1小於P2,控制器控制相應的幫浦51的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果某個電池6的P1大於P2,控制器除控制相應的加熱器53或壓縮機1的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還控制幫浦51的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高該電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the P1 of a certain battery is less than P2, the controller controls the rotation speed of the corresponding pump 51 to be reduced to save power. If the P1 of a certain battery 6 is greater than P2, the controller controls the power of the corresponding heater 53 or the compressor 1 to increase or the coolant flow rate of the circuit in which the battery is located to increase, and also controls the rotation speed of the pump 51 to increase. The quality of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the cooling flow path per unit time increases the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第20圖所示,複數電池並聯連接,控制器還用於,在為冷卻模式時,當電池之間的溫度差超過設定值時,增大溫度較高電池的冷卻功率;在為加熱模式時,當電池之間的溫度差超過設定值時,增大溫度較低的電池的加熱功率。其中,設定值可以為3℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 20, the plurality of batteries are connected in parallel, and the controller is further configured to increase the temperature of the battery when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds a set value when in the cooling mode. Cooling power; when in the heating mode, when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds a set value, the heating power of the battery having a lower temperature is increased. Among them, the set value can be 3 °C.
具體地,如第20圖所示,當電池並聯連接時,每個電池的流路入口處還設置有閥門58,在為冷卻模式時,當電池之間的溫度差超過3℃時,則控制器通過增大溫度較高電池所在的電池冷卻支路中的閥門58的開度,以增大溫度較高電池的冷卻功率。為加熱模式時,當電池之間的溫度差超過3℃時,則控制器增大溫度較低電池所在的電池冷卻支路中的閥門58的開度,以增大溫度較低電池的加熱功率。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 20, when the batteries are connected in parallel, a valve 58 is further provided at the flow path inlet of each battery, and when in the cooling mode, when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds 3 ° C, then control is performed. By increasing the opening of the valve 58 in the battery cooling branch where the higher temperature battery is located, the cooling power of the higher temperature battery is increased. In the heating mode, when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds 3 ° C, the controller increases the opening degree of the valve 58 in the battery cooling branch where the lower temperature battery is located to increase the heating power of the lower temperature battery. .
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第20圖所示,複數電池並聯連接,在為冷卻模式時,控制器單獨控制每個分支流路的冷卻液流量,且可根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率,調節各個電池組流路的冷卻液流量,以使每個電池的實溫度調節實際功率和溫度需求功率相等。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 20, the plurality of batteries are connected in parallel, and in the cooling mode, the controller individually controls the coolant flow rate of each branch flow path, and can adjust the demand according to the temperature of each battery. Power, adjust the coolant flow rate of each battery pack flow path so that the real temperature adjustment actual power and temperature demand power of each battery are equal.
具體地,如第20圖所示,在為冷卻模式時,控制器可以通過控制第二膨脹閥42的開度分別控制第一電池冷卻支路401和第二電池冷卻支路402的冷卻液流量,並可以通過控制閥門58的開度分別控制流入第一電池61和第二電池62流路的冷卻液流量,從而使每個電池的實溫度調節實際功率P1和溫度需求功率P2相等,以儘快完成電池的溫度調節。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 20, when in the cooling mode, the controller can control the coolant flow rates of the first battery cooling branch 401 and the second battery cooling branch 402 by controlling the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42, respectively. And controlling the flow rate of the coolant flowing into the flow paths of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 by controlling the opening degree of the valve 58, respectively, so that the real temperature adjustment actual power P1 and the temperature demand power P2 of each battery are equal, as soon as possible Complete the temperature adjustment of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第19圖至第20圖所示,當電池為複數個,且流路為串聯連接,複數電池對應複數調節電池的冷卻液流量的幫浦,且幫浦為雙向幫浦。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 19 to FIG. 20, when the battery is plural and the flow paths are connected in series, the plurality of batteries correspond to a plurality of pumps for regulating the coolant flow rate of the battery, and the pump is Two-way pump.
為使本領域技術人員更清楚地理解本發明,下面結合具體示例描述車載電池的溫度調節系統的工作程序。In order to make the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the working procedure of the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery will be described below with reference to specific examples.
第19圖與第14A圖的主要區別是增加了增加了一壓縮機製冷迴路,同時增加了車內空調出風口的溫度均衡與壓縮機之間的功率調節問題。以下僅列出不同點,其餘不做絮述。The main difference between Fig. 19 and Fig. 14A is that the addition of a compressor refrigeration circuit is increased, and the temperature regulation between the air outlet of the air conditioner and the power adjustment between the compressors is increased. Only the differences are listed below, and the rest are not to be described.
如第19圖所示,當電池為複數個,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf,將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率相加可計算出所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和P5。P51為壓縮機11最大製冷功率,P52為壓縮機12的最大製冷功率,P5為所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和,P5=P51+P52。其中,第一電池61的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池61的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率為P22。As shown in Fig. 19, when there are a plurality of batteries, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 of each battery 6, the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of each battery, and the maximum cooling power of a single compressor. P, and add P1 of each battery to calculate the total temperature adjustment demand power Pz of the entire temperature regulation system, add the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual power Pf, and compress each The maximum cooling power of the machine is added to calculate the sum of the maximum cooling powers of all the compressors, P5. P51 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor 11, P52 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor 12, and P5 is the sum of the maximum cooling power of all the compressors, P5 = P51 + P52. The temperature adjustment required power of the first battery 61 is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery 62 is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery 61 is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery 62 is P22.
如果Pz≤P51,那麼只需要控制一壓縮機1工作,提供製冷功率,也可以控制兩個壓縮機1一同工作。如果P51<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率可為Pz/2,或者其他的功率組合形式,使得2個壓縮機的製冷功率之和為Pz。如果Pz>P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行。車內冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率為P4,即P4為將車內溫度調節至設定溫度需要的功率。If Pz ≤ P51, then only one compressor 1 needs to be controlled to provide cooling power, and two compressors 1 can also be controlled to work together. If P51 < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors are required to work together, and the initial cooling power of each compressor may be Pz/2, or other power combinations such that the sum of the cooling powers of the two compressors is Pz. If Pz > P5, two compressors are required to work together, and each compressor operates at maximum cooling power. The temperature regulation required power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P4, that is, P4 is the power required to adjust the interior temperature to the set temperature.
在車內冷卻和電池冷卻同時開啟時,假設出風口1、出風口2區域的溫度為T51,出風口3、出風口4區域溫度為T52。When the interior cooling and the battery cooling are simultaneously turned on, it is assumed that the temperature of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is T51, and the temperature of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 is T52.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,則進行如下處理: 如果Pz+P4≤P5,則控制第一壓縮機11的製冷功率提高,或者控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing is performed: If Pz+P4≤P5, the cooling power of the first compressor 11 is controlled to be increased, or the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 is controlled. The opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, and the expansion valve opening of the cooling circuit in the vehicle is controlled. The reduction makes the temperature of T51 decrease rapidly, and at the same time meets the cooling power requirement of the battery to achieve the temperature balance inside the vehicle.
如果Pz+P4>P5,則控制第一壓縮機11和第二壓縮機12的以最大製冷功率運行,同時控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If Pz+P4>P5, controlling the first compressor 11 and the second compressor 12 to operate at the maximum cooling power, while controlling the expansion valve opening degree of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 to be reduced, and controlling the vehicle The opening of the expansion valve of the internal cooling circuit is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and at the same time It also meets the cooling power requirements of the battery to achieve a balanced internal temperature of the vehicle.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,也可以進行如下處理: 控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的關閉,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,使得第一壓縮機11的所有制冷功率都用於車內冷卻。同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,增大對電池冷卻功率,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing may be performed: controlling the closing of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11, and controlling the opening of the expansion valve of the cooling circuit in the vehicle to increase, so that the first compression All of the cooling power of the machine 11 is used for in-vehicle cooling. At the same time, the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, and the cooling power of the battery is increased, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and the cooling of the battery is satisfied. Power demand to achieve a balanced environment temperature inside the car.
第20圖與第9圖的主要區別是增加了增加了一壓縮機製冷迴路,同時增加了車內空調出風口的溫度均衡與壓縮機之間的功率調節問題。以下僅列出不同點,其餘不做絮述。The main difference between Fig. 20 and Fig. 9 is that the addition of a compressor refrigeration circuit is increased, and the temperature regulation between the air outlet of the air conditioner in the vehicle and the power adjustment between the compressors is increased. Only the differences are listed below, and the rest are not to be described.
如第20圖所示,當電池為複數個,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf,將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率相加可計算出所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和P5。P51為壓縮機11最大製冷功率,P52為壓縮機12的最大製冷功率,P5為所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和,P5=P51+P52。其中,第一電池61的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池61的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率為P22。As shown in Fig. 20, when there are a plurality of batteries, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 of each battery 6, the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of each battery, and the maximum cooling power of a single compressor. P, and add P1 of each battery to calculate the total temperature adjustment demand power Pz of the entire temperature regulation system, add the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual power Pf, and compress each The maximum cooling power of the machine is added to calculate the sum of the maximum cooling powers of all the compressors, P5. P51 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor 11, P52 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor 12, and P5 is the sum of the maximum cooling power of all the compressors, P5 = P51 + P52. The temperature adjustment required power of the first battery 61 is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery 62 is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery 61 is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery 62 is P22.
如果Pz≤P51,那麼只需要控制一壓縮機1工作,提供製冷功率,也可以控制兩個壓縮機1一同工作。如果P51<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率可為Pz/2,或者其他的功率組合形式,使得2個壓縮機的製冷功率之和為Pz。如果Pz>P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行。車內冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率為P4,即P4為將車內溫度調節至設定溫度需要的功率。If Pz ≤ P51, then only one compressor 1 needs to be controlled to provide cooling power, and two compressors 1 can also be controlled to work together. If P51 < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors are required to work together, and the initial cooling power of each compressor may be Pz/2, or other power combinations such that the sum of the cooling powers of the two compressors is Pz. If Pz > P5, two compressors are required to work together, and each compressor operates at maximum cooling power. The temperature regulation required power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P4, that is, P4 is the power required to adjust the interior temperature to the set temperature.
在車內冷卻和電池冷卻同時開啟時,假設出風口1、出風口2區域的溫度為T51,出風口3、出風口4區域溫度為T52。When the interior cooling and the battery cooling are simultaneously turned on, it is assumed that the temperature of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is T51, and the temperature of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 is T52.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,則進行如下處理: 如果Pz+P4≤P5,則控制第一壓縮機11的製冷功率提高,或者控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing is performed: If Pz+P4≤P5, the cooling power of the first compressor 11 is controlled to be increased, or the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 is controlled. The opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, and the expansion valve opening of the cooling circuit in the vehicle is controlled. The reduction makes the temperature of T51 decrease rapidly, and at the same time meets the cooling power requirement of the battery to achieve the temperature balance inside the vehicle.
如果Pz+P4>P5,則控制第一壓縮機11和第二壓縮機12的以最大製冷功率運行,同時控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If Pz+P4>P5, controlling the first compressor 11 and the second compressor 12 to operate at the maximum cooling power, while controlling the expansion valve opening degree of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 to be reduced, and controlling the vehicle The opening of the expansion valve of the internal cooling circuit is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and at the same time It also meets the cooling power requirements of the battery to achieve a balanced internal temperature of the vehicle.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,也可以進行如下處理: 控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的關閉,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,使得第一壓縮機11的所有制冷功率都用於車內冷卻。同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,增大對電池冷卻功率,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統,可以根據每個電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域的溫度。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing may be performed: controlling the closing of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11, and controlling the opening of the expansion valve of the cooling circuit in the vehicle to increase, so that the first compression All of the cooling power of the machine 11 is used for in-vehicle cooling. At the same time, the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, and the cooling power of the battery is increased, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and the cooling of the battery is satisfied. Power demand to achieve a balanced environment temperature inside the car. According to the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling capacity of each area in the battery and the vehicle compartment can be allocated according to the actual state of each battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, not only in the battery temperature When the temperature is too high or too low, the temperature is adjusted to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature in each area of the vehicle can be equalized.
車載電池的溫度調節系統包括複數電池冷卻支路、複數車內冷卻支路和複數製冷支路時,如第22圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節方法包括以下步驟: S1’’’,分別獲取複數電池冷卻支路中複數電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。其中,電池冷卻支路用於為對應的電池進行溫度調節。When the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery includes a plurality of battery cooling branches, a plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, and a plurality of cooling branches, as shown in FIG. 22, the method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle battery includes the following steps: S1 ''', respectively The temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries in the plurality of battery cooling branches. Among them, the battery cooling branch is used to adjust the temperature of the corresponding battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第23圖所示,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率具體包括: S11’’’,分別獲取每個電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 23, separately obtaining the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: S11''', respectively acquiring the first parameter when each battery is turned on, and according to the first The parameters produce a first temperature regulated demand power for each battery.
S12’’’,獲取每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率。S12'', obtaining a second parameter of each battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the second parameter.
S13’’’,根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率產生電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1。S13''', the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is generated according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間t,根據第一參數產生第一溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ;根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first temperature adjustment requirement is generated according to the first parameter. The power specifically includes: acquiring a first temperature difference ΔT 1 between the initial temperature and the target temperature; generating the first temperature adjustment required power according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t, (1) 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t, (1) where ΔT 1 is between the initial temperature and the target temperature The first temperature difference, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,第二參數為電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2) 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is the average current I of the battery for a preset time, and the second temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2) where I is the average Current, R is the internal resistance of the battery.
當對電池進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第23圖所示,獲取複數電池的溫度調節實際功率P2具體包括: S14’’’,獲取用於調節複數電池溫度的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取冷卻液流入流路的流速v。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 23, acquiring the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: S14''', obtaining an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting the temperature of the plurality of batteries, and Obtain the flow rate v of the coolant inflow path.
S15’,根據複數電池的流路入口溫度和出口溫度產生複數電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 。S15', generating a second temperature difference ΔT 2 of the plurality of batteries according to the flow path inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the plurality of batteries.
S16’,根據複數電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速v產生複數電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。S16', generating a temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries according to the second temperature difference ΔT 2 of the plurality of batteries and the flow rate v.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,進根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is the flow path The specific heat capacity of the medium coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow The cross-sectional area of the road.
S2’’’,分別獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts。S2''' acquires the area temperature Tq and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts of the plurality of areas in the vehicle, respectively.
S3’’’,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。S3''', adjust the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches and the plurality of cooling branches according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts .
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數該區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts在目標時間t內對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,以達到目標溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches and the plurality of battery coolings are performed within the target time t according to the temperature adjustment required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the plurality of the area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts. The opening of the branch and the complex cooling branch is adjusted to reach the target temperature.
如第19圖至第20圖所示,每個電池冷卻支路對應並聯或串聯的複數電池。As shown in Figures 19 through 20, each battery cooling branch corresponds to a plurality of batteries connected in parallel or in series.
具體地,以製冷支路、電池冷卻支路、車內冷卻支路和電池為兩個為例,電池分別為第一電池和第二電池,製冷支路分別為第一製冷支路和第二製冷支路,電池冷卻支路分別為第一電池冷卻支路和第二電池冷卻支路,車內冷卻支路迴路分別為第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路。當第一電池和/或第二電池的溫度過高/過低時,需要對第一電池和/或第二電池進行溫度調節。獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,根據P1和P2調節複數電池冷卻支路的開度,以調節電池的冷卻功率,且獲取複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,並根據Tq和Ts控制每個電池冷卻支路開度,例如,如果某個區域的Tq較高且於其它區域的Tq相差較大,則控制冷卻該區域的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度減小,同時,為保證電池的冷卻功率不變,控制另一車內冷卻支路的開度減小,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度增大。由此,該方法根據每個電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域的溫度。Specifically, taking the cooling branch, the battery cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch, and the battery as two examples, the batteries are a first battery and a second battery, respectively, and the cooling branches are respectively a first cooling branch and a second The cooling branch circuit and the battery cooling branch are respectively a first battery cooling branch and a second battery cooling branch, and the in-vehicle cooling branch circuit is a first in-vehicle cooling branch and a second in-vehicle cooling branch, respectively. When the temperature of the first battery and/or the second battery is too high/low, the temperature adjustment of the first battery and/or the second battery is required. Obtaining the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches according to P1 and P2, adjusting the cooling power of the battery, and acquiring the plurality of regional temperature Tq and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, and according to Tq and Ts controls the opening degree of each battery cooling branch. For example, if the Tq of a certain area is higher and the Tq of the other area is larger, the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch that controls the cooling of the area is increased, and the control is controlled. The opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is reduced, and at the same time, in order to ensure that the cooling power of the battery is constant, the opening degree of controlling the cooling branch of the other vehicle is reduced, and the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is controlled to be increased. . Therefore, the method allocates the cooling capacity of each area in the battery and the car according to the actual state of each battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, not only when the battery temperature is too high or when the temperature is too low. Adjustments are made to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature in each zone of the compartment can be equalized.
下面將結合具體實施例說明如何根據根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。Hereinafter, how to adjust a plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, a plurality of battery cooling branches, and a plurality of cooling branches according to a temperature adjustment demand power P1, a temperature adjustment actual power P2, a plurality of area temperatures Tq, and an air conditioning set temperature Ts according to specific embodiments will be described. The opening is adjusted.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第23圖所示,車載電池為複數個,且車內冷卻支路、電池冷卻支路和製冷支路為複數個時,上述的車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括: S31’’’,根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率PZ 。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 23, when the plurality of vehicle batteries are plural, and the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the battery cooling branch, and the cooling branch are plural, the temperature adjustment method of the above-mentioned vehicle battery is further may include: S31 ''', P1 produce a total power demand P Z temperature was adjusted according to the temperature required power adjustment of each cell.
S32’’’,判斷總溫度調節需求功率PZ 是否與車載空調的最大製冷功率P匹配。S32''', it is judged whether the total temperature adjustment required power P Z matches the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner.
S33’’’,如果匹配,則根據複數電池的溫度調節需求功率為電池進行冷卻。S33''', if matched, cools the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries.
S34’’,如果不匹配,則根據壓縮機的最大製冷功率P和複數電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1為電池進行冷卻。S34'', if not matched, the battery is cooled according to the maximum cooling power P of the compressor and the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of battery cooling branches.
具體地,當電池為複數個並聯時,可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,即將每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1相加即可得到總溫度調節需求功率Pz。然後根據總溫度調節需求功率Pz判斷Pz是否與車載空調的最大製冷功率P匹配,即判斷PZ 是否小於或等於P,如果是,則根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1通過控制電池冷卻支路中的閥門對每個電池進行冷卻。而如果Pz與車載空調的最大製冷功率P不匹配,即Pz大於P,則根據空調的最大製冷功率P和每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1,通過調節電池冷卻支路中的閥門的開度按比例進行冷卻液流量分配,從而可以以最大效率使每個電池完成降溫。Specifically, when the battery is in parallel, the total temperature adjustment required power Pz of the entire temperature adjustment system can be calculated according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, that is, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery can be added. The total temperature adjustment required power Pz is obtained. Then, according to the total temperature adjustment demand power Pz, it is judged whether Pz matches the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, that is, whether P Z is less than or equal to P, and if so, the required power P1 is adjusted according to the temperature of each battery by controlling the battery cooling branch. The valves in the road cool each battery. If the Pz does not match the maximum cooling power P of the vehicle air conditioner, that is, Pz is greater than P, the required power P1 is adjusted according to the maximum cooling power P of the air conditioner and the temperature of each battery, and the opening of the valve in the cooling branch of the battery is adjusted. The coolant flow distribution is scaled so that each battery can be cooled down with maximum efficiency.
根據本發明的一個實施例,電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括以下步驟:偵測複數電池的溫度。當複數電池中任一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,進入冷卻模式。當複數電池中任一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, the temperature adjustment method of the battery may further include the step of detecting the temperature of the plurality of batteries. When the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries is greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered. When the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries is less than the second temperature threshold, the heating mode is entered. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,即時偵測每個電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中某個電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行降溫處理,進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統。而如果某個電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行升溫處理,進入加熱模式,控制相應的電池冷卻支路關閉,並控制加熱器開啟,以為電池提供加熱功率。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of each battery is instantly detected and judged. If the temperature of one of the batteries is higher than 40 °C, the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the influence of high temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be cooled, enters the cooling mode, and sends the battery cooling function. Start the information to the air conditioning system. If the temperature of a battery is lower than 0 °C, the temperature of the battery is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be warmed up, enters the heating mode, and controls the corresponding battery cooling. The branch is closed and the heater is turned on to provide heating power to the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第21圖所示,複數製冷支路分別對應複數出風口,該複數區域溫度為該複數出風口的溫度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 21, the plurality of cooling branches respectively correspond to the plurality of air outlets, and the temperature of the plurality of regions is the temperature of the plurality of air outlets.
舉例而言,如第21圖所示,可在車廂內設置4個出風口,分別為出風口1-出風口4。通過偵測出風口溫度Tc偵測對應的區域溫度Tq。假設出風口1和出風口2由第一製冷支路11提供製冷功率,設出風口3和出風口4由第二製冷支路12提供製冷功率。For example, as shown in Fig. 21, four air outlets, which are an air outlet 1 - an air outlet 4, can be provided in the vehicle compartment. The corresponding zone temperature Tq is detected by detecting the tuyere temperature Tc. It is assumed that the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 are supplied with the cooling power by the first cooling branch 11, and the outlet 3 and the outlet 4 are provided with the cooling power by the second cooling branch 12.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,具體包括:當電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,判斷電池溫度是否大於第三溫度臨界值。其中,第三溫度臨界值大於第一溫度臨界值,例如第三溫度臨界值可以為45℃。如果電池溫度大於該第三溫度臨界值,則降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度。其中,複數電池冷卻支路的開度通過對應的閥門分別控制。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the required power P1, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the complex region temperature Tq, and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts are adjusted according to the temperature to the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and The opening degree of the plurality of cooling branches is adjusted, specifically: when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, it is determined whether the battery temperature is greater than the third temperature threshold. Wherein, the third temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, for example, the third temperature threshold may be 45 °C. If the battery temperature is greater than the third temperature threshold, the opening of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches is reduced, and the opening of the plurality of battery cooling branches is increased. Wherein, the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches is separately controlled by the corresponding valves.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果P1大於P2,則判斷電池的溫度是否大於45℃。如果任一電池的溫度大於45℃,說明當前電池的溫度過高,減少第一膨脹閥32的開度,以減少車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,同時增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。由此,通過調整車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的製冷量分配,可以在電池溫度過高時在目標時間內完成電池的溫度調節。Specifically, when in the cooling mode, if P1 is greater than P2, it is determined whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 °C. If the temperature of any of the batteries is greater than 45 ° C, the current temperature of the battery is too high, and the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 is reduced to reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle while increasing the opening of the second expansion valve 42. Degree to increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch. Thus, by adjusting the cooling capacity distribution of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, the temperature adjustment of the battery can be completed within the target time when the battery temperature is too high.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,還包括:判斷每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2;如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根述功率差增加用於電池的冷卻的壓縮機的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率;如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the required power P1, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the complex region temperature Tq, and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts are adjusted according to the temperature to the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and The adjustment of the opening degree of the plurality of cooling branches further includes: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery; if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery P2, obtaining the power difference between the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and adding the power difference to increase the power of the compressor for cooling the battery, or adjusting the loop circuit of the battery to increase the loop Coolant flow to increase the cooling power of the battery; if the temperature regulation demand power P1 of a battery is less than or equal to the battery temperature adjustment actual power P2, reduce the power of the compressor or keep the power of the compressor unchanged, or adjust Reduce the coolant flow in the loop circuit of the battery to reduce the cooling power of the battery.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,如果電池為複數個,分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的降溫,所以,獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機1的功率,或者增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,壓縮機的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果其中某一電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持壓縮機的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機的功率,或者減少該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當所有電池的溫度低於35℃時,則電池冷卻完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制第二電子閥關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度高於35℃,則再適當增加壓縮機的功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, if the battery is plural, P1 and P2 of each battery are respectively acquired, and judgment is made. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and according to The power difference increases the power of the compressor 1, or increases the coolant flow rate of the loop circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the power difference between P1 and P2 is greater, the power of the compressor and the battery The more the coolant flow rate is increased, so that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within a preset time t. If P1 of one of the batteries is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor can be kept constant or the power of the compressor can be appropriately reduced, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced, and the cooling power of the battery can be reduced. When the temperature of all the batteries is lower than 35 °C, the battery cooling is completed, the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the second electronic valve is controlled to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ° C, then the power of the compressor is appropriately increased to allow the battery to complete the cooling as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如果電池溫度小於第三溫度臨界值,則進一步判斷該車內溫度是否等於空調設定溫度Ts;如果車內溫度等於空調設定溫度Ts,則降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, if the battery temperature is less than the third temperature threshold, it is further determined whether the interior temperature is equal to the air conditioning set temperature Ts; if the interior temperature is equal to the air conditioning set temperature Ts, the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches are reduced The opening degree and the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches are increased.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果每個電池的溫度都小於45℃,控制器判斷車內溫度是否達到空調設定溫度Ts。如果達到,則增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,減小車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,儘快完成電池的降溫。而如果車內溫度沒有達到空調設定溫度Ts,則優先滿足車內的製冷需求,控制器增大車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,並減小電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。Specifically, when it is in the cooling mode, if the temperature of each battery is less than 45 ° C, the controller determines whether the temperature inside the vehicle reaches the air-conditioning set temperature Ts. If it is reached, increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch, reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle, and complete the cooling of the battery as soon as possible. If the temperature inside the vehicle does not reach the set temperature Ts of the air conditioner, the cooling demand in the vehicle is preferentially satisfied, and the controller increases the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle and reduces the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch.
此外,還對電池溫度做了分層次處理,溫度控制的臨界值分別為40℃、45℃和35℃。當電池溫度高於40℃時,電池冷卻功能啟動,當電池溫度降低至35℃,則電池冷卻完成。當電池溫度達到45℃時,優先滿足電池冷卻需求。另外,溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,如果電池溫度不超過45℃,則仍然優先車內的製冷需求,如果車內的製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,可優先滿足車內製冷需求。In addition, the battery temperature was processed hierarchically, and the critical values of temperature control were 40 ° C, 45 ° C and 35 ° C, respectively. When the battery temperature is higher than 40 ° C, the battery cooling function is activated, and when the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed. When the battery temperature reaches 45 ° C, the battery cooling needs are preferentially met. In addition, when the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ° C, the cooling demand in the vehicle is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the battery cooling is increased. The opening of the branch to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand can be preferentially satisfied.
根據本發明的一個實施例,降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度具體包括:獲取複數區域溫度之間的溫度差。判斷溫度差是否大於第四溫度臨界值。如果溫度差大於第四溫度臨界值時,則將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,並可選擇的將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度降低。其中,第四溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為3℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, reducing the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches specifically comprises: obtaining a temperature difference between the plurality of zone temperatures. Determine if the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold. If the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold, the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located is increased, and the cooling branch corresponding to the high temperature air outlet is selectively selected. The opening of the battery cooling branch is reduced. The fourth temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 3 ° C.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節方法還包括:將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度降低,並將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度提高。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle battery further includes: reducing the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located, and placing the air outlet having a low temperature The opening of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch is increased.
具體地,在電池冷卻程序中,如果車內需要開啟空調,則需要對車廂內的環境溫度進行監測和控制,使得車內各處的環境溫度保持均衡,同時又能滿足電池冷卻的要求。如第21圖所示,當偵測到出風口1和出風口2處區域溫度Tq比出風口3和出風口4處附近區域溫度Tq高3℃以上時,增大第一車內冷卻支路中的開度,減小第一電池冷卻支路中的開度,以使第一車內冷卻支路中的冷卻功率較大。還可選擇的減小第二車內冷卻支路中的冷開度,增大第二電池冷卻支路的開度,以使第二車內冷卻支路中的冷卻功率較小。由此,可以使第一電池冷卻和第二電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率不變,同時又使得車內各處出風口附近區域氣溫均衡。當車載空調偵測到出風口1、出風口2處附近區域氣溫Tq和出風口3、出風口4處附近區域氣溫Tq差異在3℃以內時,控制第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路中的第一膨脹閥開度相同,以保證第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率相同。Specifically, in the battery cooling process, if the air conditioner needs to be turned on in the vehicle, the ambient temperature in the vehicle compartment needs to be monitored and controlled, so that the ambient temperature throughout the vehicle is balanced, and at the same time, the battery cooling requirement can be met. As shown in Fig. 21, when it is detected that the temperature Tq of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is higher than the temperature Tq of the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 by more than 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch is increased. The opening degree in the first battery reduces the opening degree in the first battery cooling branch so that the cooling power in the first in-vehicle cooling branch is large. Optionally, the cold opening degree in the second in-vehicle cooling branch is reduced, and the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch is increased to make the cooling power in the second in-vehicle cooling branch smaller. Thereby, the cooling power of the first battery cooling and the second battery cooling branch can be made constant, and at the same time, the temperature in the vicinity of the air outlets in the vehicle is equalized. When the vehicle air conditioner detects the air temperature at the air outlet 1, the air temperature Tq near the air outlet 2, and the temperature difference Tq in the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 are within 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second vehicle are controlled. The first expansion valve in the inner cooling branch has the same opening degree to ensure that the cooling power of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch are the same.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,還包括:判斷某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池的加熱器的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的加熱功率。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小加熱器的功率或保持加熱器的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the method further comprises: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 corresponding to the battery, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and is increased for cooling according to the power difference. The power of the heater of the battery, or the increase in the coolant flow of the loop circuit of the battery to increase the heating power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is less than or equal to the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery, the power of the heater is reduced or the power of the heater is kept constant, or the coolant of the loop branch circuit of the battery is adjusted to be reduced. Flow to reduce the heating power of the battery.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的升溫,所以,獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率,或者通過調節對應的幫浦的轉速提高,以增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以使該電池可以在目標時間t內完成溫度調節。其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器的功率增加的越多。而如果某個電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以適當減小加熱器的功率,以節省電能,或者通過調節對應的幫浦的轉速降低減小該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減小加熱功率,或保持加熱器的功率不變。當所有電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度低於10℃,則再適當增加加熱器的功率,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, P1 and P2 of each battery are respectively acquired and judged. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the heating temperature of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and according to The power difference is increased by the power of the heater for heating the battery, or by adjusting the rotation speed of the corresponding pump to increase the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery, so that the battery can complete the temperature within the target time t Adjustment. Among them, the greater the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater increases. If the P1 of a battery is less than or equal to P2, the power of the heater can be appropriately reduced to save power, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced by adjusting the rotation speed of the corresponding pump to Reduce the heating power or keep the power of the heater constant. When the temperature of all the batteries is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery is heated, and the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the heater is turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is lower than 10 ° C, the power of the heater is appropriately increased to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則降低電池的流路中幫浦的轉速;如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則提高電池的流路中幫浦的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery may further include: if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, reducing the rotation speed of the pump in the flow path of the battery; If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of a certain battery is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump in the flow path of the battery is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果某個電池的P1小於P2,控制相應的幫浦的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果某個電池的P1大於P2,控制器除控制相應的加熱器或壓縮機的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還控制幫浦的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高該電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the P1 of a certain battery is less than P2, the rotation speed of the corresponding pump is controlled to be reduced to save power. If the P1 of a certain battery is greater than P2, the controller controls the increase of the power of the corresponding heater or the compressor or the coolant flow of the circuit in which the battery is located, and also controls the rotation speed of the pump to increase the flow per unit time. The temperature of the coolant in the cross section of the cooling passage is increased, thereby increasing the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當電池為複數個,且流路為串聯連接,複數電池對應複數調節電池的冷卻液流量的幫浦,且幫浦為雙向幫浦。According to an embodiment of the invention, when the battery is plural and the flow paths are connected in series, the plurality of batteries correspond to a plurality of pumps for regulating the coolant flow rate of the battery, and the pump is a two-way pump.
如第19圖至第20圖所示,以電池為2個為例,當電池為個(第一電池和第二電池),且串聯連接時,幫浦對應為2個,且兩個幫浦一個為正向幫浦,一個為反向幫浦。As shown in Fig. 19 to Fig. 20, taking two batteries as an example, when the battery is one (first battery and second battery) and connected in series, the pump corresponds to two, and two pumps One is a positive pump and the other is a reverse pump.
如第19A圖所示,當正向幫浦啟動時,第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器—換熱器—加熱器—正向幫浦—第一溫度感測器—第一電池—第二電池—第二溫度感測器—流速感測器—介質容器。如第19B圖所示,當反向幫浦啟動時,第二管道中冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器—流速感測器—第二溫度感測器—第二電池—第一電池—第一溫度感測器—反向幫浦—加熱器—換熱器—介質容器。As shown in Fig. 19A, when the forward pump is started, the flow direction of the coolant in the second pipe is: medium container - heat exchanger - heater - forward pump - first temperature sensor - first Battery - Second Battery - Second Temperature Sensor - Flow Sensor - Media Container. As shown in Fig. 19B, when the reverse pump is activated, the flow direction of the coolant in the second pipe is: medium container - flow rate sensor - second temperature sensor - second battery - first battery - A temperature sensor - a reverse pump - a heater - a heat exchanger - a media container.
在第一電池和第二電池的冷卻功能啟動時,如果第一電池的溫度高於第二電池的溫度,且差值超過預設值,則控制正向幫浦工作,以使冷卻液先流過第一電池,再流過第二電池,從而使第一電池儘快完成降溫。而如果第二電池的溫度高於第一電池的溫度,且差值超過預設值,則控制反向幫浦工作,以使冷卻液先流過第二電池,再流過第一電池,從而使第二電池儘快完成降溫。由此,通過改變冷卻液的流向,可以減少第一電池和第二電池的溫度差。而在第一電池和第二電池的冷卻功能和加熱功能都沒有啟動時,如果第一電池和第二電池的溫度差超過預設值,則可以控制正向幫浦或反向幫浦啟動,以使電池冷卻支路中的冷卻液流動,從而均衡第一電池和第二電池的溫度。When the cooling function of the first battery and the second battery is started, if the temperature of the first battery is higher than the temperature of the second battery, and the difference exceeds a preset value, the forward pump is controlled to operate so that the coolant flows first. The first battery is passed through the second battery, so that the first battery is cooled as soon as possible. And if the temperature of the second battery is higher than the temperature of the first battery, and the difference exceeds a preset value, controlling the reverse pump operation, so that the coolant first flows through the second battery and then flows through the first battery, thereby Allow the second battery to cool down as soon as possible. Thereby, by changing the flow direction of the cooling liquid, the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery can be reduced. When the cooling function and the heating function of the first battery and the second battery are not activated, if the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery exceeds a preset value, the forward pump or the reverse pump can be controlled to be started. The coolant in the battery cooling branch flows to equalize the temperatures of the first battery and the second battery.
為使本領域技術人員更清楚地理解本發明,下面結合具體示例描述車載電池的溫度調節系統的工作程序。In order to make the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the working procedure of the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery will be described below with reference to specific examples.
第19圖與第14A圖的主要區別是增加了增加了一壓縮機製冷迴路,同時增加了車內空調出風口的溫度均衡與壓縮機之間的功率調節問題。以下僅列出不同點,其餘不做絮述。The main difference between Fig. 19 and Fig. 14A is that the addition of a compressor refrigeration circuit is increased, and the temperature regulation between the air outlet of the air conditioner and the power adjustment between the compressors is increased. Only the differences are listed below, and the rest are not to be described.
如第19圖所示,當電池為複數個,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf,將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率相加可計算出所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和P5。P51為壓縮機11最大製冷功率,P52為壓縮機12的最大製冷功率,P5為所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和,P5=P51+P52。其中,第一電池的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池61的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率為P22。As shown in Fig. 19, when there are a plurality of batteries, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 of each battery, temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery, and maximum cooling power of a single compressor. And adding P1 of each battery to calculate the total temperature adjustment demand power P Z of the entire temperature regulation system, adding the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual power Pf, each compression The maximum cooling power of the machine is added to calculate the sum of the maximum cooling powers of all the compressors, P5. P51 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor 11, P52 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor 12, and P5 is the sum of the maximum cooling power of all the compressors, P5 = P51 + P52. Wherein, the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery 61 is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery 62 is P22.
如果Pz≤P51,那麼只需要控制一壓縮機工作,提供製冷功率,也可以控制兩個壓縮機一同工作。如果P51<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率可為Pz/2,或者其他的功率組合形式,使得2個壓縮機的製冷功率之和為Pz。如果Pz>P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行。車內冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率為P4,即P4為將車內溫度調節至設定溫度需要的功率。If Pz ≤ P51, then only one compressor needs to be controlled to provide cooling power, and two compressors can also be controlled to work together. If P51 < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors are required to work together, and the initial cooling power of each compressor may be Pz/2, or other power combinations such that the sum of the cooling powers of the two compressors is Pz. If Pz > P5, two compressors are required to work together, and each compressor operates at maximum cooling power. The temperature regulation required power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P4, that is, P4 is the power required to adjust the interior temperature to the set temperature.
在車內冷卻和電池冷卻同時開啟時,假設出風口1、出風口2區域的溫度為T51,出風口3、出風口4區域溫度為T52。When the interior cooling and the battery cooling are simultaneously turned on, it is assumed that the temperature of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is T51, and the temperature of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 is T52.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,則進行如下處理: 如果Pz+P4≤P5,則控制第一壓縮機11的製冷功率提高,或者控制第一壓縮機製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing is performed: If Pz+P4≤P5, the cooling power of the first compressor 11 is controlled to be increased, or the expansion of the battery cooling circuit in the first compressor refrigeration circuit is controlled. The opening degree of the valve is decreased, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced. The temperature of the T51 is accelerated to decrease, and at the same time, the cooling power requirement of the battery is satisfied, and the ambient temperature of the vehicle is balanced.
如果Pz+P4>P5,則控制第一壓縮機和第二壓縮機的以最大製冷功率運行,同時控制第一壓縮機製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If Pz+P4>P5, the first compressor and the second compressor are controlled to operate at the maximum cooling power, and the expansion valve opening of the battery cooling circuit in the first compressor refrigeration circuit is controlled to be reduced, and the in-vehicle cooling circuit is controlled. The opening of the expansion valve is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased while satisfying the battery. Cooling power demand to achieve a balanced internal temperature of the car.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,也可以進行如下處理: 控制第一壓縮機製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的關閉,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,使得第一壓縮機的所有制冷功率都用於車內冷卻。同時控制第二壓縮機製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,增大對電池冷卻功率,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52 ≥ Tc and Tc is 3 ° C, the following processing can also be performed: controlling the closing of the battery cooling circuit in the first compressor refrigeration circuit, and controlling the opening of the expansion valve of the cooling circuit in the vehicle to increase, so that the first compressor All cooling power is used for in-vehicle cooling. At the same time, the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor is controlled to increase, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, and the cooling power of the battery is increased, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and the cooling power of the battery is satisfied. Demand, to achieve a balanced temperature inside the car.
第20圖與第9圖的主要區別是增加了增加了一壓縮機製冷迴路,同時增加了車內空調出風口的溫度均衡與壓縮機之間的功率調節問題。以下僅列出不同點,其餘不做絮述。The main difference between Fig. 20 and Fig. 9 is that the addition of a compressor refrigeration circuit is increased, and the temperature regulation between the air outlet of the air conditioner in the vehicle and the power adjustment between the compressors is increased. Only the differences are listed below, and the rest are not to be described.
如第20圖所示,當電池為複數個,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率Pz,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf,將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率相加可計算出所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和P5。P51為壓縮機11最大製冷功率,P52為壓縮機12的最大製冷功率,P5為所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和,P5=P51+P52。其中,第一電池61的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池61的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率為P22。As shown in Fig. 20, when there are a plurality of batteries, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 of each battery 6, the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of each battery, and the maximum cooling power of a single compressor. P, and add P1 of each battery to calculate the total temperature adjustment demand power Pz of the entire temperature regulation system, add the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual power Pf, and compress each The maximum cooling power of the machine is added to calculate the sum of the maximum cooling powers of all the compressors, P5. P51 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor 11, P52 is the maximum cooling power of the compressor 12, and P5 is the sum of the maximum cooling power of all the compressors, P5 = P51 + P52. The temperature adjustment required power of the first battery 61 is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery 62 is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery 61 is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery 62 is P22.
如果Pz≤P51,那麼只需要控制一壓縮機1工作,提供製冷功率,也可以控制兩個壓縮機1一同工作。如果P51<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率可為Pz/2,或者其他的功率組合形式,使得2個壓縮機的製冷功率之和為Pz。如果Pz>P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行。車內冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率為P4,即P4為將車內溫度調節至設定溫度需要的功率。If Pz ≤ P51, then only one compressor 1 needs to be controlled to provide cooling power, and two compressors 1 can also be controlled to work together. If P51 < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors are required to work together, and the initial cooling power of each compressor may be Pz/2, or other power combinations such that the sum of the cooling powers of the two compressors is Pz. If Pz > P5, two compressors are required to work together, and each compressor operates at maximum cooling power. The temperature regulation required power of the in-vehicle cooling branch is P4, that is, P4 is the power required to adjust the interior temperature to the set temperature.
在車內冷卻和電池冷卻同時開啟時,假設出風口1、出風口2區域的溫度為T51,出風口3、出風口4區域溫度為T52。When the interior cooling and the battery cooling are simultaneously turned on, it is assumed that the temperature of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is T51, and the temperature of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 is T52.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,則進行如下處理: 如果Pz+P4≤P5,則控制第一壓縮機11的製冷功率提高,或者控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing is performed: If Pz+P4≤P5, the cooling power of the first compressor 11 is controlled to be increased, or the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 is controlled. The opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, and the expansion valve opening of the cooling circuit in the vehicle is controlled. The reduction makes the temperature of T51 decrease rapidly, and at the same time meets the cooling power requirement of the battery to achieve the temperature balance inside the vehicle.
如果Pz+P4>P5,則控制第一壓縮機11和第二壓縮機12的以最大製冷功率運行,同時控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If Pz+P4>P5, controlling the first compressor 11 and the second compressor 12 to operate at the maximum cooling power, while controlling the expansion valve opening degree of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 to be reduced, and controlling the vehicle The opening of the expansion valve of the internal cooling circuit is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and at the same time It also meets the cooling power requirements of the battery to achieve a balanced internal temperature of the vehicle.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,也可以進行如下處理: 控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的關閉,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,使得第一壓縮機11的所有制冷功率都用於車內冷卻。同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,增大對電池冷卻功率,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing may be performed: controlling the closing of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11, and controlling the opening of the expansion valve of the cooling circuit in the vehicle to increase, so that the first compression All of the cooling power of the machine 11 is used for in-vehicle cooling. At the same time, the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, and the cooling power of the battery is increased, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and the cooling of the battery is satisfied. Power demand to achieve a balanced environment temperature inside the car.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法,首先,分別獲取複數電池冷卻支路中複數電池的溫度調節需求功率,然後,分別獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度和空調設定溫,再根據溫度調節需求功率、溫度調節實際功率、複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。由此,該方法根據每個電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域的溫度。According to the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, respectively, the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries in the plurality of battery cooling branches is obtained, and then the regional temperature and the air conditioning set temperature of the plurality of regions in the vehicle are respectively obtained, and then according to the temperature. Adjusting the required power, the temperature adjustment actual power, the plurality of zone temperatures, and the air conditioning set temperature adjusts the opening degrees of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches. Therefore, the method allocates the cooling capacity of each area in the battery and the car according to the actual state of each battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, not only when the battery temperature is too high or when the temperature is too low. Adjustments are made to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature in each zone of the compartment can be equalized.
當電池為複數個,且複數電池獨立設置時,如第24圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節系統包括:複數製冷支路、複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和電池溫度調節模組5。When the battery is plural and the plurality of batteries are independently set, as shown in FIG. 24, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery includes: a plurality of cooling branches, a plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, a plurality of battery cooling branches, and a battery temperature adjusting mode. Group 5.
其中,每個製冷支路包括壓縮機1、與壓縮機1相連的冷凝器2。複數車內冷卻支路分別與複數製冷支路相連。複數電池冷卻支路與複數製冷支路相連,複數電池冷卻支路之間相互連通。電池溫度調節模組5分別與複數電池和複數電池冷卻支路相連,用於獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,並獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,以及根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,且根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2調節複數壓縮機1向電池對應的電池冷卻支路提供的製冷量開度。Wherein each refrigeration branch comprises a compressor 1 and a condenser 2 connected to the compressor 1. The plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches are respectively connected to the plurality of cooling branches. The plurality of battery cooling branches are connected to the plurality of cooling branches, and the plurality of battery cooling branches are connected to each other. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 is respectively connected to the plurality of batteries and the plurality of battery cooling branches for acquiring the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and acquiring the regional temperature Tq and the air conditioning set temperature Ts of the plurality of regions in the vehicle, and Adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, and according to the battery The temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 adjust the degree of refrigeration opening provided by the complex compressor 1 to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery.
其中,電池可以電池包或電池模組。Among them, the battery can be a battery pack or a battery module.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,電池溫度調節模組5根據所溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對在目標時間t內對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,以達到目標溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 adjusts the required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex region temperature Tq, and the air conditioner set temperature Ts to the plurality of vehicles within the target time t. The opening of the cooling branch, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches are adjusted to achieve the target temperature.
舉例而言,如第24圖所示,以製冷支路、電池冷卻支路、車內冷卻支路和電池為兩個為例,電池分別為第一電池61和第二電池62,第一電池61和第二電池62相互獨立設置。製冷支路分別為第一製冷支路11和第二製冷支路12,電池冷卻支路分別為第一電池冷卻支路401和第二電池冷卻支路402,車內冷卻支路分別為第一車內冷卻支路301和第二車內冷卻支路302。For example, as shown in FIG. 24, taking the cooling branch, the battery cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch, and the battery as two examples, the batteries are the first battery 61 and the second battery 62, respectively, and the first battery. The 61 and the second battery 62 are disposed independently of each other. The cooling branches are respectively a first cooling branch 11 and a second cooling branch 12, and the battery cooling branches are a first battery cooling branch 401 and a second battery cooling branch 402, respectively, and the in-vehicle cooling branch is respectively the first The in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302.
當第一電池61和/或第二電池62的溫度過高/過低時,需要對第一電池61和/或第二電池62進行溫度調節。電池溫度調節模組5獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,根據P1和P2調節複數電池冷卻支路的開度,以調節電池的冷卻功率,且電池溫度調節模組5獲取複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,並根據Tq和Ts控制每個電池冷卻支路開度,例如,如果某個區域的Tq較高且於其它區域的Tq相差較大,則電池溫度調節模組5控制冷卻該區域的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度減小,同時,為保證電池的冷卻功率不變,電池溫度調節模組5控制另一車內冷卻支路的開度減小。由此,該系統根據每個電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域的溫度。同時,由於複數電池冷卻支路之間相互連通,因此電池溫度調節模組5可以根據每個電池的溫度,通過調節電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度,可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。When the temperature of the first battery 61 and/or the second battery 62 is too high/low, the temperature adjustment of the first battery 61 and/or the second battery 62 is required. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 obtains the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, adjusts the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches according to P1 and P2 to adjust the cooling power of the battery, and the battery temperature adjustment module 5 acquires the plurality of regions. The temperature Tq and the air conditioner set the temperature Ts, and control the opening degree of each battery cooling branch according to Tq and Ts. For example, if the Tq of a certain area is high and the Tq of the other area is large, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 The opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch that controls the cooling of the area is increased, and the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is controlled to be reduced, and at the same time, to ensure the cooling power of the battery is unchanged, the battery temperature adjusting module 5 controls another The opening of the in-vehicle cooling branch is reduced. Therefore, the system allocates the cooling capacity of the battery and each area in the vehicle according to the actual state of each battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, not only when the battery temperature is too high or when the temperature is too low. Adjustments are made to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature in each zone of the compartment can be equalized. At the same time, since the plurality of battery cooling branches are connected to each other, the battery temperature adjusting module 5 can ensure the temperature between the batteries by adjusting the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery according to the temperature of each battery. Balance.
可以理解,電池溫度調節模組5的製冷功率由車載空調提供,與車內製冷系統共用製冷量,從而可以減少溫度調節系統的體積,並使冷卻液流量的分配更加靈活。It can be understood that the cooling power of the battery temperature regulating module 5 is provided by the vehicle air conditioner, and the cooling capacity is shared with the in-vehicle refrigeration system, thereby reducing the volume of the temperature regulating system and making the distribution of the coolant flow more flexible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第24圖所示,電池冷卻支路可以包括換熱器41,換熱器41包括第一管道和第二管道,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24, the battery cooling branch may include a heat exchanger 41 including a first pipe and a second pipe, and the second pipe is connected to the battery temperature regulating module 5. The first pipe is in communication with the compressor 1, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are disposed adjacent to each other independently.
電池溫度調節模組5包括:調節電池溫度的流路(圖中未具體示出),流路設置在電池之中。連接在流路和換熱器41之間的幫浦51、介質容器52、加熱器53,以及控制器(圖中未具體示出)。其中,控制器獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節。車內冷卻支路可以包括:蒸發器31、第一膨脹閥32和第一電子閥33。電池冷卻支路4還可以包括第二膨脹閥42和第二電子閥43。The battery temperature adjustment module 5 includes a flow path (not specifically shown) for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and the flow path is disposed in the battery. A pump 51, a medium container 52, a heater 53, and a controller (not specifically shown) are connected between the flow path and the heat exchanger 41. The controller acquires the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and adjusts the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. The in-vehicle cooling branch may include an evaporator 31, a first expansion valve 32, and a first electronic valve 33. The battery cooling branch 4 may also include a second expansion valve 42 and a second electronic valve 43.
如第24圖所示,第一電池冷卻支路401還可以包括第一調節閥411和第三調節閥413;第二電池冷卻支路402還可以包括第二調節閥412和第四調節閥414,各調節閥的連接方式具體可參照第24圖,此處不做贅述。如第24圖所示,每個壓縮機1的製冷量都可以通過調節第一至第四調節閥411-414分配給第一電池冷卻支路401或者第二電池冷卻支路402。例如第一製冷支路11的壓縮機1,可以通過第一調節閥411將冷媒分配給第一電池冷卻支路401,通過第二調節閥412將冷媒分配給第二電池冷卻支路402。第二製冷支路12中的壓縮機1,可以通過第三調節閥413將冷媒分配給第一電池冷卻支路401,通過第四調節閥414將冷媒分配給第二電池冷卻支路402。As shown in FIG. 24, the first battery cooling branch 401 may further include a first regulating valve 411 and a third regulating valve 413; the second battery cooling branch 402 may further include a second regulating valve 412 and a fourth regulating valve 414. For the connection mode of each regulating valve, refer to FIG. 24, and no further description is made here. As shown in Fig. 24, the amount of refrigeration per compressor 1 can be distributed to the first battery cooling branch 401 or the second battery cooling branch 402 by adjusting the first to fourth regulating valves 411-414. For example, the compressor 1 of the first cooling branch 11 can distribute the refrigerant to the first battery cooling branch 401 through the first regulating valve 411, and distribute the refrigerant to the second battery cooling branch 402 through the second regulating valve 412. The compressor 1 in the second cooling branch 12 can distribute the refrigerant to the first battery cooling branch 401 through the third regulating valve 413, and distribute the refrigerant to the second battery cooling branch 402 through the fourth regulating valve 414.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第24圖所示,電池溫度調節模組5還可以包括設置在流路的入口的第一溫度感測器55,設置在流路的出口的第二溫度感測器56,以及流速感測器57。可以理解,流路的入口和出口位置不是絕對的,而是根據幫浦51的轉向確定的。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 may further include a first temperature sensor 55 disposed at an inlet of the flow path, and a second temperature sense disposed at the outlet of the flow path. A detector 56, and a flow rate sensor 57. It will be appreciated that the inlet and outlet locations of the flow path are not absolute, but are determined based on the steering of the pump 51.
具體地,換熱器41可以為板式換熱器,板式換熱器可以安裝在車載空調內部,使得整個製冷劑迴路均在車載空調內部,便於車載空調出廠調試,並且使車載空調可以單獨供貨和組裝,同時,車載空調在安裝程序中只需要加注一次製冷劑。冷卻液從流路的入口流入電池的內部,從流路的出口流出,從而實現電池與冷卻液之間的熱交換。Specifically, the heat exchanger 41 may be a plate heat exchanger, and the plate heat exchanger may be installed inside the vehicle air conditioner, so that the entire refrigerant circuit is inside the vehicle air conditioner, facilitating the commissioning of the vehicle air conditioner, and the vehicle air conditioner can be separately supplied. And assembly, at the same time, the car air conditioner only needs to be refilled once in the installation procedure. The coolant flows into the interior of the battery from the inlet of the flow path and flows out from the outlet of the flow path, thereby achieving heat exchange between the battery and the cooling liquid.
幫浦51主要用於提供動力,介質容器52主要用於儲存冷卻液和接受向溫度調節系統添加的冷卻液,當溫度調節系統中的冷卻液減少時,介質容器52中的冷卻液可自動補充。加熱器53可以為PTC加熱器,可以與控制器進行CAN通訊,為車載電池的溫度調節系統提供加熱功率,受控制器控制。且加熱器53不直接與電池6接觸,具有較高的安全性、可靠性和實用性。The pump 51 is mainly used to provide power. The medium container 52 is mainly used for storing the coolant and receiving the coolant added to the temperature regulation system. When the coolant in the temperature regulation system is reduced, the coolant in the medium container 52 can be automatically replenished. . The heater 53 can be a PTC heater, can perform CAN communication with the controller, and provides heating power for the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery, and is controlled by the controller. Moreover, the heater 53 is not directly in contact with the battery 6, and has high safety, reliability, and practicality.
第一溫度感測器55用以偵測流路入口冷卻液的溫度,第二溫度感測器56用以偵測流路出口冷卻液的溫度。流速感測器57用以偵測對應管道內冷卻液的流速資訊。第二電子閥43用以控制相應的電池冷卻支路4的開通和關閉,第二膨脹閥42可用於控制回應的電池冷卻支路4中的冷卻液流量。控制器可以通過調節第一至第四調節閥411-414的開度,同時控制第一電池61和第二電池62兩個冷卻分支迴路的冷卻液流量,從而使均衡兩個電池的溫度。同時控制器還可與車載空調和加熱器53進行CAN通訊,並且可以控制幫浦51的轉速和監控冷卻液的溫度和流量資訊,還可以對電池進行管理,偵測電池的電壓和溫度資訊,控制車載電池的溫度調節系統的通斷,且控制器之間可以相互進行通訊。The first temperature sensor 55 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path inlet, and the second temperature sensor 56 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path outlet. The flow rate sensor 57 is used to detect the flow rate information of the coolant in the corresponding pipe. The second electronic valve 43 is used to control the opening and closing of the respective battery cooling branch 4, and the second expansion valve 42 can be used to control the flow of coolant in the responding battery cooling branch 4. The controller can adjust the temperature of the two batteries by adjusting the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves 411-414 while controlling the coolant flow rates of the two cooling branch circuits of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62. At the same time, the controller can also perform CAN communication with the vehicle air conditioner and heater 53, and can control the rotation speed of the pump 51 and monitor the temperature and flow information of the coolant, and can also manage the battery to detect the voltage and temperature information of the battery. The on/off of the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery is controlled, and the controllers can communicate with each other.
下面結合具體實施例描述每個電池溫度調節模組5如何獲取相應電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。How each battery temperature adjustment module 5 obtains the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the corresponding battery 6 will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器可以用於分別獲取每個電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率,以及分別獲取每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率,並根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率產生每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be configured to separately acquire a first parameter when each battery is turned on, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the first parameter, and acquire each battery separately. a second parameter at the time of temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the second parameter, and adjusting the required power according to the first temperature of each battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery The temperature adjustment of each battery requires power P1.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,控制器獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ,並根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the controller acquires the first between the initial temperature and the target temperature. A temperature difference ΔT 1 , and generating a first temperature adjustment required power according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,控制器通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t (1), 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, the controller generates the first temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t (1), where ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
第二參數為每個電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,控制器通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2), 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。The second parameter is the average current I of each battery within a preset time, and the controller generates a second temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2), where I is the average current, R It is the internal resistance of the battery.
當對電池進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器分別根據每個電池所在迴路的第一溫度感測器55偵測的入口溫度和第二溫度感測器56偵測的出口溫度產生每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 ,並根據每個電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速感測器57偵測的流速v產生每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller generates a second of each battery according to an inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 55 of each circuit in which the battery is located and an outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 56, respectively. The temperature difference ΔT 2 , and the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of each battery is generated according to the second temperature difference ΔT 2 of each battery and the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 57.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the actual power P2 is adjusted according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is in the flow path The specific heat capacity of the coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow path The cross-sectional area.
具體地,車輛通電後,控制器判斷車輛是否需要進行溫度調節,如果判斷車輛需要溫度調節,則開啟溫度調節功能,並發送低轉速資訊給幫浦51,幫浦以默認轉速(如低轉速)開始工作。然後,控制器獲取每個電池的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算出每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,控制器獲分別獲取每個電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)計算每個電池第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,控制器分別根據每個電池6的第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率計算溫度調節需求功率P1(即將電池的溫度在目標時間內調節至目標溫度的需求功率)。並且,控制器分別獲取每個電池對應設置的第一溫度感測器55和第二溫度感測器56偵測溫度資訊,並分別獲取流速感測器57偵測的流速資訊,根據公式(3)分別計算出每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller determines whether the vehicle needs to perform temperature adjustment. If it is determined that the vehicle needs temperature adjustment, the temperature adjustment function is turned on, and the low speed information is sent to the pump 51, and the pump is driven to a default speed (such as a low speed). start working. Then, the controller acquires an initial temperature (ie, current temperature) of each battery, a target temperature, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to actual conditions, and according to the formula ( 1) Calculate the first temperature regulation required power of each battery. At the same time, the controller obtains the average current I of each battery for a preset time, and calculates the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to formula (2). Then, the controller calculates the temperature adjustment required power P1 according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery 6 (that is, the required power of the battery is adjusted to the target temperature within the target time). And the controller obtains the temperature information detected by the first temperature sensor 55 and the second temperature sensor 56 corresponding to each battery, and respectively obtains the flow rate information detected by the flow rate sensor 57, according to the formula (3) The temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each battery is calculated separately.
下面將結合具體地實施例描述如何根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路(30和30)複數電池冷卻支路(401和402)和複數製冷支路(11和12)的開度進行調整。How to adjust the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches (30 and 30) to the plurality of battery cooling branches (401) according to the temperature adjustment required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. And 402) and the opening of the plurality of cooling branches (11 and 12) are adjusted.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器可以用於根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,判斷總溫度調節需求功率PZ 是否大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,其中,當總溫度調節需求功率PZ 大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5時,控制器將複數壓縮機1向電池對應的電池冷卻支路4的製冷量開度調整至最大;當總溫度調節需求功率PZ 小於或等於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5時,控制器根據總溫度調節需求功率PZ 與總最大製冷功率P5之差對電池6對應的電池冷卻支路4的製冷量開度進行調整。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be configured to generate a total temperature adjustment demand power P Z according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, and determine whether the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is greater than the total maximum cooling power of the plurality of compressors. P5, wherein, when the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the controller adjusts the cooling capacity of the plurality of compressors 1 to the corresponding battery cooling branch 4 of the battery to a maximum; When the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is less than or equal to the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the controller adjusts the difference between the required power P Z and the total maximum cooling power P5 according to the total temperature to the battery cooling branch 4 corresponding to the battery 6 The cooling capacity is adjusted.
具體地,如第24圖所示,當對電池進行冷卻時,控制器可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,即將每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1相加即可得到總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,同時控制器根據每個壓縮機1的最大製冷功率P計算出複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5P5,即將每個壓縮機1的最大製冷功率P相加即可得到總最大製冷功率P5P5。然後,控制器判斷是否PZ >P5P5,如果是,則控制器控制將每個第二膨脹閥42的開度調節至最大,以增大流入到每個電池;冷卻迴路4的冷卻液流量,使電池可以在目標時間內完成降溫。而如果PZ ≤P5P5,需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率可為Pz/2,或者其他的功率組合形式,使得2個壓縮機的製冷功率之和為Pz,且根據PZ 與P5之間的差值對每個第二膨脹閥42的開度進行調整,其中,PZ 與P5差值的絕對值越大,第二膨脹閥42的開度越小,以達到節約能源的目的。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 24, when the battery is cooled, the controller can calculate the total temperature adjustment required power P Z of the entire temperature adjustment system according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, that is, each battery The temperature adjustment demand power P1 is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment demand power P Z , and the controller calculates the total maximum cooling power P5P5 of the plurality of compressors according to the maximum cooling power P of each compressor 1, that is, each compressor 1 The maximum cooling power P is added to obtain the total maximum cooling power P5P5. Then, the controller determines whether P Z >P5P5, and if so, the controller controls to adjust the opening degree of each of the second expansion valves 42 to the maximum to increase the flow rate of the coolant flowing into each of the batteries; Allows the battery to cool down within the target time. And if P Z ≤ P5P5, two compressors are required to work together, and the initial cooling power of each compressor can be Pz/2, or other power combinations, so that the sum of the cooling powers of the two compressors is Pz, and The opening degree of each second expansion valve 42 is adjusted according to the difference between P Z and P5, wherein the larger the absolute value of the difference between P Z and P5 is, the smaller the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 is To achieve the goal of saving energy.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第24圖所示,控制器還用於,還用於偵測複數電池的溫度,並在複數電池6中任一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以及在複數電池中任一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24, the controller is further configured to detect a temperature of the plurality of batteries, and when the temperature of any one of the plurality of batteries 6 is greater than the first temperature threshold, The temperature control system is controlled to enter a cooling mode, and the temperature adjustment system is controlled to enter the heating mode when the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries is less than the second temperature threshold. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,控制器分別即時偵測每個電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中某個電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行降溫處理,控制器控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統,以及控制對應的第二電子閥43開啟,以使冷卻液與電池進行熱交換以降低該電池的溫度。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller detects the temperature of each battery in real time and makes a judgment. If the temperature of one of the batteries is higher than 40 °C, the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the influence of high temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be cooled, and the controller controls the temperature adjustment system to enter the cooling mode. And sending a battery cooling function start information to the air conditioning system, and controlling the corresponding second electronic valve 43 to open, so that the coolant exchanges heat with the battery to lower the temperature of the battery.
而如果某個電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行升溫處理,控制器控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式,控制第二電子閥43關閉,並控制相應的加熱器53開啟,以為溫度調節系統提供加熱功率。當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,加熱器53提供加熱功率,以加熱第一電池61為例,第一電池61所在迴路中冷卻液的流動方向為:介質容器52—換熱器41—加熱器53(開啟)—幫浦51—第一溫度感測器55—第一電池61—第二溫度感測器56—流速感測器57—介質容器52,如此迴圈,實現電池第一電池61的升溫。If the temperature of a battery is lower than 0 °C, the temperature of the battery is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be warmed up, and the controller controls the temperature adjustment system to enter the heating mode. The second electronic valve 43 is controlled to be closed, and the corresponding heater 53 is controlled to be turned on to provide heating power to the temperature adjustment system. When the temperature adjustment system is operating in the heating mode, the heater 53 provides heating power to heat the first battery 61. The flow direction of the coolant in the circuit where the first battery 61 is located is: the medium container 52 - the heat exchanger 41 - heating 53 (open) - pump 51 - first temperature sensor 55 - first battery 61 - second temperature sensor 56 - flow sensor 57 - medium container 52, such loop, to achieve the first battery The temperature of 61 is raised.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第24圖所示,當為冷卻模式時,控制器還用於,在電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,判斷電池溫度是否大於第三溫度臨界值,其中,如果電池溫度大於第三溫度臨界值,則控制器提高相應的電池冷卻支路的開度,其中,電池冷卻支路的開度通過對應的閥門(即第二膨脹閥42)分別控制,第三溫度臨界值大於第一溫度臨界值,例如第三溫度臨界值可以為45℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24, when in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to determine whether the battery temperature is higher when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 The third temperature threshold is greater than the third temperature threshold, wherein if the battery temperature is greater than the third temperature threshold, the controller increases the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch, wherein the opening of the battery cooling branch passes through the corresponding valve (ie, the second The expansion valve 42) is separately controlled, and the third temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, for example, the third temperature threshold may be 45 °C.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果P1大於P2,則控制器判斷電池的溫度是否大於45℃。如果任一電池的溫度大於45℃,說明當前電池的溫度過高,控制器減少相應的第一膨脹閥32的開度,以減少車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,同時增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。由此,通過調整車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的製冷量分配,可以在電池溫度過高時在目標時間內完成電池的溫度調節。Specifically, when in the cooling mode, if P1 is greater than P2, the controller determines whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 °C. If the temperature of any of the batteries is greater than 45 ° C, indicating that the current temperature of the battery is too high, the controller reduces the opening degree of the corresponding first expansion valve 32 to reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle and increase the second expansion. The opening of the valve 42 increases the flow of coolant in the battery cooling branch. Thus, by adjusting the cooling capacity distribution of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, the temperature adjustment of the battery can be completed within the target time when the battery temperature is too high.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第24圖所示,為冷卻模式時,控制器還用於在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於電池的冷卻的壓縮機1的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率,或者在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24, in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to obtain the temperature adjustment of the battery when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The power difference between the required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and the power of the compressor 1 for cooling the battery is increased according to the power difference, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery is increased to increase the battery Cooling power, or adjusting the required power P1 of a battery to be less than or equal to the temperature of the battery, adjusting the actual power P2, reducing the power of the compressor or keeping the power of the compressor constant, or adjusting the loop of the loop of the battery. Coolant flow to reduce battery cooling power.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,如果電池為複數個,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的降溫,所以,控制器獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機1的功率,或者增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,壓縮機1的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果其中某一電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持壓縮機1的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機1的功率,或者減少該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當所有電池的溫度低於35℃時,則電池冷卻完成,控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制第二電子閥43關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度高於35℃,則控制器再適當增加壓縮機的功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, if the battery is plural, the controller acquires P1 and P2 of each battery, respectively, and makes a judgment. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the controller obtains the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery. And increasing the power of the compressor 1 according to the power difference, or increasing the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the power difference between P1 and P2 is larger, the power of the compressor 1 is The more the coolant flow rate of the battery is increased, so that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within a preset time t. And if P1 of one of the batteries is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor 1 can be kept constant or the power of the compressor 1 can be appropriately reduced, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced, and the cooling of the battery can be reduced. power. When the temperature of all the batteries is lower than 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed, and the controller sends information for turning off the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and controls the second electronic valve 43 to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ° C, the controller appropriately increases the power of the compressor to complete the cooling of the battery as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第24圖所示,控制器,還用於在某個電池的溫度小於第三溫度臨界值,且車內溫度等於空調設定溫度Ts時,降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24, the controller is further configured to reduce the plurality of in-vehicle cooling when the temperature of the battery is less than the third temperature threshold and the temperature inside the vehicle is equal to the set temperature Ts of the air conditioner. The opening of the branch and the opening of the cooling branch of the plurality of batteries.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果每個電池的溫度都小於45℃,控制器判斷車內溫度是否達到空調設定溫度Ts。如果達到,則控制器減少第一膨脹閥32的開度,並增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,減小車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,儘快完成電池的降溫。而如果車內溫度沒有達到空調設定溫度Ts,則優先滿足車內的製冷需求,控制器增大第一膨脹閥32的開度,並減小第二膨脹閥42的開度。Specifically, when it is in the cooling mode, if the temperature of each battery is less than 45 ° C, the controller determines whether the temperature inside the vehicle reaches the air-conditioning set temperature Ts. If so, the controller reduces the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 and increases the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 to increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch and reduce the coolant of the cooling branch in the vehicle. Flow, complete the battery cooling as soon as possible. On the other hand, if the temperature inside the vehicle does not reach the air-conditioning set temperature Ts, the cooling demand in the vehicle is preferentially satisfied, and the controller increases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 and reduces the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42.
此外,還對對電池溫度做了分層次處理,溫度控制的臨界值分別為40℃、45℃和35℃。當電池溫度高於40℃時,電池冷卻功能啟動,當電池溫度降低至35℃,則電池冷卻完成。當電池溫度達到45℃時,優先滿足電池冷卻需求。另外,溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,如果電池溫度不超過45℃,則仍然優先車內的製冷需求,如果車內的製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則控制器增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,可優先滿足車內製冷需求。In addition, the battery temperature was also processed hierarchically, and the critical values of temperature control were 40 ° C, 45 ° C and 35 ° C, respectively. When the battery temperature is higher than 40 ° C, the battery cooling function is activated, and when the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed. When the battery temperature reaches 45 ° C, the battery cooling needs are preferentially met. In addition, when the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ° C, the cooling demand in the vehicle is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the controller increases. The battery cools the opening of the branch to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand can be preferentially satisfied.
在本發明的一個實施例中,複數製冷支路分別對應複數出風口,複數區域溫度為複數出風口的溫度。In an embodiment of the invention, the plurality of cooling branches respectively correspond to the plurality of air outlets, and the plurality of regional temperatures are the temperatures of the plurality of air outlets.
舉例而言,如第21圖所示,可在車廂內設置4個出風口,分別為出風口1-出風口4。通過偵測出風口溫度Tc偵測對應的區域溫度Tq。假設出風口1和出風口2由第一製冷支路11提供製冷功率,設出風口3和出風口4由第二製冷支路12提供製冷功率。For example, as shown in Fig. 21, four air outlets, which are an air outlet 1 - an air outlet 4, can be provided in the vehicle compartment. The corresponding zone temperature Tq is detected by detecting the tuyere temperature Tc. It is assumed that the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 are supplied with the cooling power by the first cooling branch 11, and the outlet 3 and the outlet 4 are provided with the cooling power by the second cooling branch 12.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如第24圖所示,控制器還用於獲取複數區域溫度之間的溫度差,並在溫度差大於第四溫度臨界值時,將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,並將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度降低。其中,第四溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為3℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 24, the controller is further configured to acquire a temperature difference between the temperature of the plurality of regions, and to cool the air outlet with a high temperature when the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold. The opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the branch road is increased, and the opening degree of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located is lowered. The fourth temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 3 ° C.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度降低,並將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度提高。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located, and correspond to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located The opening of the battery cooling branch is increased.
具體地,在電池冷卻程序中,如果車內需要開啟空調,則需要對車廂內的環境溫度進行監測和控制,使得車內各處的環境溫度保持均衡,同時又能滿足電池冷卻的要求。如第21圖所示,當偵測到出風口1和出風口2處區域溫度Tq比出風口3和出風口4處附近區域溫度Tq高3℃以上時,控制第一車內冷卻支路301中的第一膨脹閥32的開度增大,同時控制第一電池冷卻支路401中的第二膨脹閥42的開度減小,以使第一車內冷卻支路301中的冷卻功率增加。控制器還控制第二車內冷卻支路302中的第一膨脹閥32的開度減小,第二電池冷卻支路402中的第二膨脹閥42的開度增大,以使第二車內冷卻支路302中的冷卻功率較小。由此,可以使第一電池冷卻301和第二電池冷卻支路302的冷卻功率不變,同時又使得車內各處出風口附近區域氣溫均衡。當車載空調偵測到出風口1、出風口2處附近區域氣溫Tq和出風口3、出風口4處附近區域氣溫Tq差異在3℃以內時,控制器控制第一車內冷卻支路301和第二車內冷卻支路302中的第一膨脹閥32開度相同,以保證第一車內冷卻支路301和第二車內冷卻支路302的冷卻功率相同。Specifically, in the battery cooling process, if the air conditioner needs to be turned on in the vehicle, the ambient temperature in the vehicle compartment needs to be monitored and controlled, so that the ambient temperature throughout the vehicle is balanced, and at the same time, the battery cooling requirement can be met. As shown in FIG. 21, when it is detected that the regional temperature Tq at the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is higher than the temperature Tq of the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 by more than 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is controlled. The opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 is increased while controlling the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the first battery cooling branch 401 to decrease, so that the cooling power in the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is increased. . The controller also controls the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 to decrease, and the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the second battery cooling branch 402 is increased to make the second car The cooling power in the internal cooling branch 302 is small. Thereby, the cooling power of the first battery cooling 301 and the second battery cooling branch 302 can be made constant, and at the same time, the temperature in the vicinity of the air outlets in the vehicle is equalized. When the vehicle air conditioner detects the air outlet 1, the air temperature Tq near the air outlet 2, the air outlet 3, and the air temperature Tq in the vicinity of the air outlet 4, the controller controls the first interior cooling branch 301 and The first expansion valve 32 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 has the same opening degree to ensure that the cooling powers of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 are the same.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,控制器在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率,或者調節增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的加熱功率,以及在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小加熱器的功率或保持加熱器的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the controller acquires the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The power difference between the power, and the power of the heater for heating the battery is increased according to the power difference, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery is increased to increase the heating power of the battery, and in a certain battery When the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power P2, the power of the heater is reduced or the power of the heater is kept constant, or the coolant flow rate of the loop circuit of the battery is adjusted to reduce the battery flow. heating power.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的升溫,所以,控制器獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器53的功率,或者通過調節對應的幫浦51的轉速提高,以增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以使該電池可以在目標時間t內完成溫度調節。其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器53的功率增加的越多。而如果某個電池的P1小於或等於P2,控制器可以適當減小加熱器53的功率,以節省電能,或者通過調節對應的幫浦51的轉速降低以減小該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減小加熱功率,或保持加熱器53的功率不變。當所有電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器53關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度低於10℃,則控制器再適當增加加熱器53的功率,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, the controller acquires P1 and P2 of each battery, respectively, and makes a determination. If P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the heating of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the flow rate of the coolant, the controller obtains the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery. And increasing the power of the heater 53 for heating the battery according to the power difference, or by adjusting the rotation speed of the corresponding pump 51 to increase the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery, so that the battery can be at the target time. Temperature adjustment is completed within t. Among them, the larger the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater 53 is increased. If the P1 of a certain battery is less than or equal to P2, the controller can appropriately reduce the power of the heater 53 to save power, or reduce the rotation speed of the corresponding pump 51 to reduce the loop branch circuit of the battery. The coolant flow rate is used to reduce the heating power or to keep the power of the heater 53 constant. When the temperature of all the batteries is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery heating is completed, and the controller sends the information of the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and controls the heater 53 to be turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is still lower than 10 ° C, the controller further increases the power of the heater 53 to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,降低電池流路中幫浦51的轉速,並在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,提高電池流路中幫浦51的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the rotation speed of the pump 51 in the battery flow path when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, and in a certain battery When the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump 51 in the battery flow path is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果某個電池的P1小於P2,控制器控制相應的幫浦51的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果某個電池的P1大於P2,控制器除控制相應的加熱器53或壓縮機1的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還控制幫浦51的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高該電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the P1 of a certain battery is less than P2, the controller controls the rotation speed of the corresponding pump 51 to be reduced to save power. If the P1 of a certain battery is greater than P2, the controller controls the power of the corresponding heater 53 or the compressor 1 to increase or the coolant flow rate of the circuit in which the battery is located increases, and also controls the rotation speed of the pump 51 to increase, and the unit can be increased. The quality of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the cooling flow path during the time increases the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
可以理解,當溫度調節系統工作在冷卻模式時,如第24圖所示,控制器可以分別計算出第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率P1,然後分別根據每個電池的P1和相應的壓縮機的最大製冷功率P調節相應的第二膨脹閥42的開度。在冷卻程序中,控制器還分別根據每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2繼續調整第二膨脹閥42的開度。同時,控制器根據第一電池61和第二電池62之間的溫度情況,通過調節第一至第四調節閥411-414的開度,調節第一電池冷卻支路401和第二電池冷卻支路402的冷卻液流量分配,從而達到控制第一電池61和第二電池62溫度的均衡。其中,當第一電池61的溫度比第二電池62的溫度高且差值超過設定值時,可增大第一調節閥411和第三調節閥413的開度,減少第二調節閥412和第四調節閥414的開度,以增大第一電池61的冷卻功率;當第一電池61和第二電池62的溫度相等時,可控制第一至第四調節閥411-414的開度相同。而當溫度調節系統工作在加熱模式時,當第一電池61的溫度比第二電池62的溫度低且差值超過設定值時,則控制器增大第一電池61對應的加熱器53的加熱功率。由此,可以保持兩個電池之間的溫度均衡。It can be understood that when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode, as shown in FIG. 24, the controller can separately calculate the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62, and then respectively according to the P1 of each battery. The opening degree of the corresponding second expansion valve 42 is adjusted with the maximum cooling power P of the corresponding compressor. In the cooling process, the controller further adjusts the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 according to the actual power P2 of each battery. At the same time, the controller adjusts the first battery cooling branch 401 and the second battery cooling branch by adjusting the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves 411-414 according to the temperature condition between the first battery 61 and the second battery 62. The coolant flow rate of the path 402 is distributed so as to control the equalization of the temperatures of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62. Wherein, when the temperature of the first battery 61 is higher than the temperature of the second battery 62 and the difference exceeds the set value, the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 411 and the third regulating valve 413 may be increased, and the second regulating valve 412 and the second regulating valve 412 may be decreased. The opening degree of the fourth regulating valve 414 is to increase the cooling power of the first battery 61; when the temperatures of the first battery 61 and the second battery 62 are equal, the opening degrees of the first to fourth regulating valves 411-414 can be controlled the same. When the temperature adjustment system operates in the heating mode, when the temperature of the first battery 61 is lower than the temperature of the second battery 62 and the difference exceeds the set value, the controller increases the heating of the heater 53 corresponding to the first battery 61. power. Thereby, the temperature balance between the two batteries can be maintained.
為使本領域技術人員更清楚地理解本發明,下面結合具體示例描述車載電池的溫度調節系統的工作程序。In order to make the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the working procedure of the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery will be described below with reference to specific examples.
第24圖與第11A圖至第11B圖所示的溫度調節系統相比,增加了車內冷卻迴路。以下僅列出不同點,其餘不做絮述。Fig. 24 shows an increase in the in-vehicle cooling circuit as compared with the temperature adjustment system shown in Figs. 11A to 11B. Only the differences are listed below, and the rest are not to be described.
如第24圖所示,當電池、車內冷卻迴路3、電池冷卻迴路4為複數個,且複數電池獨立設置時,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池6的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf,將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率相加可計算出所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和P5。其中,第一電池61的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池62的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池61的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池62的溫度調節實際功率為P22。P51為第一壓縮機11最大製冷功率,P52為第二壓縮機12的最大製冷功率。As shown in Fig. 24, when the battery, the in-vehicle cooling circuit 3, and the battery cooling circuit 4 are plural, and the plurality of batteries are independently set, the controller acquires the P1 of each battery 6 when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode. The temperature of each battery adjusts the actual power P2 and the maximum cooling power P of a single compressor, and adds the P1 of each battery to calculate the total temperature adjustment demand power P Z of the entire temperature regulation system, which will be used for each battery. The temperature adjustment actual power P2 is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual power Pf, and the maximum cooling power of each compressor is added to calculate the sum P5 of the maximum cooling powers of all the compressors. The temperature adjustment required power of the first battery 61 is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery 62 is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery 61 is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery 62 is P22. P51 is the maximum cooling power of the first compressor 11, and P52 is the maximum cooling power of the second compressor 12.
如果Pz≤P51,那麼只需要控制一壓縮機1工作,提供製冷功率,也可以控制兩個壓縮機1一同工作。如果P51<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機1一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率為Pz/2,或者其他的功率組合形式,使得2個壓縮機的製冷功率之和為Pz。如果Pz>P5,則每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行。If Pz ≤ P51, then only one compressor 1 needs to be controlled to provide cooling power, and two compressors 1 can also be controlled to work together. If P51 < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors 1 are required to work together, and the initial cooling power of each compressor is Pz/2, or other power combination, so that the sum of the cooling powers of the two compressors is Pz. If Pz > P5, each compressor operates at maximum cooling power.
在車內冷卻和電池冷卻同時開啟時,假設出風口1、出風口2區域的溫度為T51,出風口3、出風口4區域溫度為T52,則進行如下判斷:When the interior cooling and the battery cooling are simultaneously turned on, if the temperature of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is T51, and the temperature of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 is T52, the following determination is made:
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,則進行如下處理: 如果Pz+P4≤P5,則控制第一壓縮機11的製冷功率提高,或者控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing is performed: If Pz+P4≤P5, the cooling power of the first compressor 11 is controlled to be increased, or the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 is controlled. The opening degree of the expansion valve is reduced, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, and the expansion valve opening of the cooling circuit in the vehicle is controlled. The reduction makes the temperature of T51 decrease rapidly, and at the same time meets the cooling power requirement of the battery to achieve the temperature balance inside the vehicle.
如果Pz+P4>P5,則控制第一壓縮機11和第二壓縮機12的以最大製冷功率運行,同時控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If Pz+P4>P5, controlling the first compressor 11 and the second compressor 12 to operate at the maximum cooling power, while controlling the expansion valve opening degree of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 to be reduced, and controlling the vehicle The opening of the expansion valve of the internal cooling circuit is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and at the same time It also meets the cooling power requirements of the battery to achieve a balanced internal temperature of the vehicle.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,也可以進行如下處理: 控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的關閉,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,使得第一壓縮機11的所有制冷功率都用於車內冷卻。同時控制第二壓縮機12製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,增大對電池冷卻功率,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, the following processing may be performed: controlling the closing of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11, and controlling the opening of the expansion valve of the cooling circuit in the vehicle to increase, so that the first compression All of the cooling power of the machine 11 is used for in-vehicle cooling. At the same time, the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor 12 is controlled to increase, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, and the cooling power of the battery is increased, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and the cooling of the battery is satisfied. Power demand to achieve a balanced environment temperature inside the car.
綜上所述,根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統,通過電池溫度調節模組獲取溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,並獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度和空調設定溫度,以及根據溫度調節需求功率、溫度調節實際功率、複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,且根據電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率調述複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路提供的製冷量開度。由此,該系統根據每個電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域溫度和各個電池之間的溫度。In summary, the temperature adjustment system of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention acquires the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power through the battery temperature adjustment module, and acquires the regional temperature and the air conditioner set temperature of the plurality of regions in the vehicle, and Adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches and the plurality of cooling branches according to the temperature adjustment required power, the temperature adjustment actual power, the plurality of zone temperatures, and the air conditioning set temperature, and adjusting the required power according to the temperature of the battery And the temperature adjustment actual power modulates the degree of cooling provided by the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery. Therefore, the system allocates the cooling capacity of the battery and each area in the vehicle according to the actual state of each battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, not only when the battery temperature is too high or when the temperature is too low. Adjustments are made to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature of each zone in the compartment and the temperature between the individual batteries can be equalized.
當車載電池的溫度調節系統包括複數製冷支路及與複數製冷支路對應的複數電池冷卻支路、複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池和連接在複數電池和複數電池冷卻支路之間的複數電池溫度調節模組時,如第25圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節方法包括以下步驟: S1’’’’,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。The temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery includes a plurality of cooling branches and a plurality of battery cooling branches corresponding to the plurality of cooling branches, a plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, a plurality of batteries, and a plurality of batteries connected between the plurality of batteries and the plurality of battery cooling branches When the battery temperature adjustment module is used, as shown in Fig. 25, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery includes the following steps: S1'''', respectively, obtaining the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries.
根據本發明的一個實施例,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率具體包括:分別獲取每個電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。分別獲取每個電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生每個電池的第二溫度調節需求功率。根據每個電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率產生電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1。According to an embodiment of the present invention, separately obtaining the temperature adjustment required power of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: acquiring a first parameter when each battery is turned on, and generating a first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the first parameter. . A second parameter of each battery during temperature adjustment is separately obtained, and a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery is generated according to the second parameter. The temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is generated according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間t,根據第一參數產生第一溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ;根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first temperature adjustment requirement is generated according to the first parameter. The power specifically includes: acquiring a first temperature difference ΔT 1 between the initial temperature and the target temperature; generating the first temperature adjustment required power according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t, (1) 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t, (1) where ΔT 1 is between the initial temperature and the target temperature The first temperature difference, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,第二參數為電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2) 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is the average current I of the battery for a preset time, and the second temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2) where I is the average Current, R is the internal resistance of the battery.
當對電池進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,獲取複數電池的溫度調節實際功率P2具體包括:獲取用於調節複數電池溫度的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取冷卻液流入流路的流速v。根據複數電池的流路入口溫度和出口溫度產生複數電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 。根據複數電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速v產生複數電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, acquiring the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: obtaining an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of the flow path for adjusting the temperature of the plurality of batteries, and acquiring a flow velocity v of the coolant inflow path. A second temperature difference ΔT 2 of the plurality of batteries is generated based on the flow path inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the plurality of batteries. The temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the plurality of batteries is generated based on the second temperature difference ΔT 2 of the plurality of batteries and the flow rate v.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,進根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is the flow path The specific heat capacity of the medium coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, and ρ is the density of the coolant.
S2’’’’,分別獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts。S2'''' acquires the area temperature Tq and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts of the plurality of areas in the vehicle, respectively.
S3’’’’,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。其中,複數電池冷卻支路之間相互連通,且根據電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2調節複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路提供的製冷量開度。S3'''', according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, the opening degrees of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches and the plurality of cooling branches are performed. Adjustment. Wherein, the plurality of battery cooling branches communicate with each other, and the cooling capacity opening degree provided by the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery is adjusted according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數該區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts在目標時間t內對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,以達到目標溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches and the plurality of battery coolings are performed within the target time t according to the temperature adjustment required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the plurality of the area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts. The opening of the branch and the complex cooling branch is adjusted to reach the target temperature.
其中,電池可以電池包或電池模組。每個電池相互獨立設置。Among them, the battery can be a battery pack or a battery module. Each battery is set independently of each other.
具體地,以製冷支路、電池冷卻支路、車內冷卻支路和電池為兩個為例,電池分別為第一電池和第二電池,製冷支路分別為第一製冷支路和第二製冷支路,電池冷卻支路分別為第一電池冷卻支路和第二電池冷卻支路,車內冷卻支路迴路分別為第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路。Specifically, taking the cooling branch, the battery cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch, and the battery as two examples, the batteries are a first battery and a second battery, respectively, and the cooling branches are respectively a first cooling branch and a second The cooling branch circuit and the battery cooling branch are respectively a first battery cooling branch and a second battery cooling branch, and the in-vehicle cooling branch circuit is a first in-vehicle cooling branch and a second in-vehicle cooling branch, respectively.
當第一電池和/或第二電池的溫度過高/過低時,需要對第一電池和/或第二電池進行溫度調節。獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,根據P1和P2調節複數電池冷卻支路的開度,以調節電池的冷卻功率,且獲取複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,並根據Tq和Ts控制每個電池冷卻支路開度,例如,如果某個區域的Tq較高且於其它區域的Tq相差較大,則控制冷卻該區域的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度減小,同時,為保證電池的冷卻功率不變,控制另一車內冷卻支路的開度減小,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度增大。由此,該方法根據每個電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域的溫度。同時,由於複數電池冷卻支路之間相互連通,因此可以根據每個電池的溫度,通過調節電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度,可以保證各個電池之間溫度的均衡。When the temperature of the first battery and/or the second battery is too high/low, the temperature adjustment of the first battery and/or the second battery is required. Obtaining the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches according to P1 and P2, adjusting the cooling power of the battery, and acquiring the plurality of regional temperature Tq and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, and according to Tq and Ts controls the opening degree of each battery cooling branch. For example, if the Tq of a certain area is higher and the Tq of the other area is larger, the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch that controls the cooling of the area is increased, and the control is controlled. The opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is reduced, and at the same time, in order to ensure that the cooling power of the battery is constant, the opening degree of controlling the cooling branch of the other vehicle is reduced, and the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is controlled to be increased. . Therefore, the method allocates the cooling capacity of each area in the battery and the car according to the actual state of each battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, not only when the battery temperature is too high or when the temperature is too low. Adjustments are made to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature in each zone of the compartment can be equalized. At the same time, since the plurality of battery cooling branches are connected to each other, the temperature of each battery can be balanced by adjusting the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery according to the temperature of each battery.
下面將結合具體實施例說明如何根據根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。Hereinafter, how to adjust a plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, a plurality of battery cooling branches, and a plurality of cooling branches according to a temperature adjustment demand power P1, a temperature adjustment actual power P2, a plurality of area temperatures Tq, and an air conditioning set temperature Ts according to specific embodiments will be described. The opening is adjusted.
根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池為複數個且獨立設置,且車內冷卻支路、電池冷卻支路和製冷支路為複數個時,上述的車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1產生總溫度調節需求功率PZ 。根據複數壓縮機的最大製冷功率P產生複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5。判斷總溫度調節需求功率PZ 是否大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5。如果總溫度調節需求功率PZ 大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,則將複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度調整至最大。如果總溫度調節需求功率PZ 小於或等於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,則根據總溫度調節需求功率PZ 與總最大製冷功率P5之差對電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度進行調整。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the vehicle battery is plural and independently disposed, and the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the battery cooling branch, and the cooling branch are plural, the temperature adjustment method of the above-mentioned vehicle battery may further include: The temperature regulation demand power P1 of each battery produces a total temperature regulation demand power P Z . The total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors is generated based on the maximum cooling power P of the plurality of compressors. It is judged whether the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors. If the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the cooling capacity of the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery is adjusted to the maximum. If the total temperature adjustment required power P Z is less than or equal to the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the difference between the required power P Z and the total maximum cooling power P5 is adjusted according to the total temperature to the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery. Degree adjustment.
具體地,可以根據每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,即將每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1相加即可得到總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,同時根據每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P計算出複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,即將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P相加即可得到總最大製冷功率P5。然後,判斷是否PZ >P5,如果是,則控制將每個第二膨脹閥的開度調節至最大,以將複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量調整至最大,以使電池可以在目標時間t內完成降溫。而如果PZ ≤P5,則根據PZ 與P5之間的差值對第二膨脹閥的開度進行調整,其中,PZ 與P5差值的絕對值越大,第二膨脹閥的開度越小,以達到節約能源的目的。Specifically, the total temperature adjustment required power P Z of the entire temperature adjustment system can be calculated according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery, that is, the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment required power P. Z. At the same time, the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors is calculated according to the maximum cooling power P of each compressor, that is, the maximum cooling power P of each compressor is added to obtain the total maximum cooling power P5. Then, it is judged whether P Z >P5, and if so, the control adjusts the opening degree of each of the second expansion valves to the maximum to adjust the coolant flow rate of the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery to the maximum The battery can be cooled down within the target time t. And if P Z ≤ P5, the opening degree of the second expansion valve is adjusted according to the difference between P Z and P5, wherein the larger the absolute value of the difference between P Z and P5 is, the opening degree of the second expansion valve The smaller, the goal of saving energy.
根據本發明的一個實施例,電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括以下步驟:偵測複數電池的溫度。當複數電池中任一電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,進入冷卻模式。當複數電池中任一電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, the temperature adjustment method of the battery may further include the step of detecting the temperature of the plurality of batteries. When the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries is greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered. When the temperature of any of the plurality of batteries is less than the second temperature threshold, the heating mode is entered. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,即時偵測每個電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中某個電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行降溫處理,進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統。而如果某個電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時該電池的溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池進行升溫處理,進入加熱模式,控制相應的電池冷卻支路關閉,並控制加熱器開啟,以為電池提供加熱功率。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of each battery is instantly detected and judged. If the temperature of one of the batteries is higher than 40 °C, the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the influence of high temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be cooled, enters the cooling mode, and sends the battery cooling function. Start the information to the air conditioning system. If the temperature of a battery is lower than 0 °C, the temperature of the battery is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be warmed up, enters the heating mode, and controls the corresponding battery cooling. The branch is closed and the heater is turned on to provide heating power to the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整具體包括:在電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,判斷電池溫度是否大於第三溫度臨界值,其中,如果電池溫度大於第三溫度臨界值,則控制器降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度,其中,複數電池冷卻支路的開度通過對應的閥門(即第二膨脹閥)分別控制,第三溫度臨界值大於第一溫度臨界值,例如第三溫度臨界值可以為45℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the required power P1, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the complex region temperature Tq, and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts are adjusted according to the temperature to the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and The adjustment of the opening degree of the plurality of cooling branches specifically includes: determining whether the battery temperature is greater than a third temperature threshold when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, wherein if the battery temperature is greater than the third The temperature threshold value, the controller reduces the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, and increases the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches, wherein the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches passes through the corresponding valve (ie, the second expansion valve) Controlled separately, the third temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, for example, the third temperature threshold may be 45 °C.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果P1大於P2,則判斷電池的溫度是否大於45℃。如果任一電池的溫度大於45℃,說明當前電池的溫度過高,減少第一膨脹閥32的開度,以減少車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,同時增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。由此,通過調整車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的製冷量分配,可以在電池溫度過高時在目標時間內完成電池的溫度調節。Specifically, when in the cooling mode, if P1 is greater than P2, it is determined whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 °C. If the temperature of any of the batteries is greater than 45 ° C, the current temperature of the battery is too high, and the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 is reduced to reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle while increasing the opening of the second expansion valve 42. Degree to increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch. Thus, by adjusting the cooling capacity distribution of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, the temperature adjustment of the battery can be completed within the target time when the battery temperature is too high.
根據本發明的一個實施例,為冷卻模式時,電池的溫度調節方法還包括:判斷每個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於每個電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,則獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於電池的冷卻的壓縮機的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the cooling mode, the temperature adjustment method of the battery further includes: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 of each battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 corresponding to each battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the actual power P2 of the temperature adjustment is obtained, and the battery for the battery is increased according to the power difference. The power of the cooled compressor, or the increase in the coolant flow of the loop circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, the power of the compressor is reduced or the power of the compressor is kept constant, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery is adjusted to be reduced. To reduce the cooling power of the battery.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,如果電池為複數個,分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的降溫,所以,獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機的功率,或者增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,壓縮機的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果其中某一電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持壓縮機的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機的功率,或者減少該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當所有電池的溫度低於35℃時,則電池冷卻完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制第二電子閥關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度高於35℃,則再適當增加壓縮機的功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, if the battery is plural, P1 and P2 of each battery are respectively acquired, and judgment is made. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and according to The power difference increases the power of the compressor, or increases the coolant flow rate of the loop circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the power difference between P1 and P2 is greater, the power of the compressor and the cooling of the battery The more the liquid flow rate is increased, so that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within a preset time t. If P1 of one of the batteries is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor can be kept constant or the power of the compressor can be appropriately reduced, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced, and the cooling power of the battery can be reduced. When the temperature of all the batteries is lower than 35 °C, the battery cooling is completed, the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the second electronic valve is controlled to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ° C, then the power of the compressor is appropriately increased to allow the battery to complete the cooling as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如果電池溫度小於第三溫度臨界值,則進一步判斷該車內溫度是否等於空調設定溫度Ts;如果車內溫度等於空調設定溫度Ts,則降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, if the battery temperature is less than the third temperature threshold, it is further determined whether the interior temperature is equal to the air conditioning set temperature Ts; if the interior temperature is equal to the air conditioning set temperature Ts, the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches are reduced The opening degree and the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches are increased.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果每個電池的溫度都小於45℃,控制器判斷車內溫度是否達到空調設定溫度Ts。如果達到,則增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,減小車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,儘快完成電池的降溫。而如果車內溫度沒有達到空調設定溫度Ts,則優先滿足車內的製冷需求,控制器增大車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,並減小電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。Specifically, when it is in the cooling mode, if the temperature of each battery is less than 45 ° C, the controller determines whether the temperature inside the vehicle reaches the air-conditioning set temperature Ts. If it is reached, increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch, reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle, and complete the cooling of the battery as soon as possible. If the temperature inside the vehicle does not reach the set temperature Ts of the air conditioner, the cooling demand in the vehicle is preferentially satisfied, and the controller increases the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle and reduces the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch.
此外,還對對電池溫度做了分層次處理,溫度控制的臨界值分別為40℃、45℃和35℃。當電池溫度高於40℃時,電池冷卻功能啟動,當電池溫度降低至35℃,則電池冷卻完成。當電池溫度達到45℃時,優先滿足電池冷卻需求。另外,溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,如果電池溫度不超過45℃,則仍然優先車內的製冷需求,如果車內的製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,可優先滿足車內製冷需求。In addition, the battery temperature was also processed hierarchically, and the critical values of temperature control were 40 ° C, 45 ° C and 35 ° C, respectively. When the battery temperature is higher than 40 ° C, the battery cooling function is activated, and when the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed. When the battery temperature reaches 45 ° C, the battery cooling needs are preferentially met. In addition, when the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ° C, the cooling demand in the vehicle is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the battery cooling is increased. The opening of the branch to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand can be preferentially satisfied.
根據本發明的一個實施例,降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度具體包括:獲取複數區域溫度之間的溫度差。判斷溫度差是否大於第四溫度臨界值。如果溫度差大於第四溫度臨界值時,則將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,並將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度降低。其中,第四溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為3℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, reducing the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches specifically comprises: obtaining a temperature difference between the plurality of zone temperatures. Determine if the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold. If the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold, the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located is increased, and the battery corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located is cooled. The opening of the branch is reduced. The fourth temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 3 ° C.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節方法還包括:將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度降低,並將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度提高。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle battery further includes: reducing the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located, and placing the air outlet having a low temperature The opening of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch is increased.
具體地,在電池冷卻程序中,如果車內需要開啟空調,則需要對車廂內的環境溫度進行監測和控制,使得車內各處的環境溫度保持均衡,同時又能滿足電池冷卻的要求。如第21圖所示,當偵測到出風口1和出風口2處區域溫度Tq比出風口3和出風口4處附近區域溫度Tq高3℃以上時,增大第一車內冷卻支路中的開度,減小第一電池冷卻支路中的開度,以使第一車內冷卻支路中的冷卻功率較大。還減小第二車內冷卻支路中的冷開度,增大第二電池冷卻支路的開度,以使第二車內冷卻支路中的冷卻功率較小。由此,可以使第一電池冷卻和第二電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率不變,同時又使得車內各處出風口附近區域氣溫均衡。當車載空調偵測到出風口1、出風口2處附近區域氣溫Tq和出風口3、出風口4處附近區域氣溫Tq差異在3℃以內時,控制第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路中的第一膨脹閥開度相同,以保證第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率相同。Specifically, in the battery cooling process, if the air conditioner needs to be turned on in the vehicle, the ambient temperature in the vehicle compartment needs to be monitored and controlled, so that the ambient temperature throughout the vehicle is balanced, and at the same time, the battery cooling requirement can be met. As shown in Fig. 21, when it is detected that the temperature Tq of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is higher than the temperature Tq of the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 by more than 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch is increased. The opening degree in the first battery reduces the opening degree in the first battery cooling branch so that the cooling power in the first in-vehicle cooling branch is large. The cold opening in the second in-vehicle cooling branch is also reduced, and the opening of the second battery cooling branch is increased to make the cooling power in the second in-vehicle cooling branch smaller. Thereby, the cooling power of the first battery cooling and the second battery cooling branch can be made constant, and at the same time, the temperature in the vicinity of the air outlets in the vehicle is equalized. When the vehicle air conditioner detects the air temperature at the air outlet 1, the air temperature Tq near the air outlet 2, and the temperature difference Tq in the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 are within 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second vehicle are controlled. The first expansion valve in the inner cooling branch has the same opening degree to ensure that the cooling power of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch are the same.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,還包括:判斷某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取該電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池的加熱器的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的加熱功率。如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小加熱器的功率或保持加熱器的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the method further comprises: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is greater than the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 corresponding to the battery, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 is obtained, and is increased for cooling according to the power difference. The power of the heater of the battery, or the increase in the coolant flow of the loop circuit of the battery to increase the heating power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a battery is less than or equal to the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery, the power of the heater is reduced or the power of the heater is kept constant, or the coolant of the loop branch circuit of the battery is adjusted to be reduced. Flow to reduce the heating power of the battery.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,分別獲取每個電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中某一電池的P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的升溫,所以,獲取該電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率,或者通過調節對應的幫浦的轉速提高,以增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以使該電池可以在目標時間t內完成溫度調節。其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器的功率增加的越多。而如果某個電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以適當減小加熱器的功率,以節省電能,或者通過調節對應的幫浦的轉速降低減小該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減小加熱功率,或保持加熱器的功率不變。當所有電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度低於10℃,則再適當增加加熱器的功率,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, P1 and P2 of each battery are respectively acquired and judged. If the P1 of one of the batteries is greater than P2, it means that if the heating temperature of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and according to The power difference is increased by the power of the heater for heating the battery, or by adjusting the rotation speed of the corresponding pump to increase the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery, so that the battery can complete the temperature within the target time t Adjustment. Among them, the greater the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater increases. If the P1 of a battery is less than or equal to P2, the power of the heater can be appropriately reduced to save power, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced by adjusting the rotation speed of the corresponding pump to Reduce the heating power or keep the power of the heater constant. When the temperature of all the batteries is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery is heated, and the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the heater is turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is lower than 10 ° C, the power of the heater is appropriately increased to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則降低電池的流路中幫浦的轉速;如果某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2,則提高電池的流路中幫浦的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery may further include: if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, reducing the rotation speed of the pump in the flow path of the battery; If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of a certain battery is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump in the flow path of the battery is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果某個電池的P1小於P2,控制相應的幫浦的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果某個電池的P1大於P2,控制器除控制相應的加熱器或壓縮機的功率增加或該電池所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還控制幫浦的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高該電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the P1 of a certain battery is less than P2, the rotation speed of the corresponding pump is controlled to be reduced to save power. If the P1 of a certain battery is greater than P2, the controller controls the increase of the power of the corresponding heater or the compressor or the coolant flow of the circuit in which the battery is located, and also controls the rotation speed of the pump to increase the flow per unit time. The temperature of the coolant in the cross section of the cooling passage is increased, thereby increasing the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
第24圖與第11A圖至第11B圖所示的溫度調節系統相比,增加了車內冷卻迴路。以下僅列出不同點,其餘不做絮述。Fig. 24 shows an increase in the in-vehicle cooling circuit as compared with the temperature adjustment system shown in Figs. 11A to 11B. Only the differences are listed below, and the rest are not to be described.
如第24圖所示,當電池、車內冷卻迴路、電池冷卻迴路為複數個,且複數電池獨立設置時,在溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式時,控制器分別獲取每個電池的P1、每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2和單個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P,並將每個電池的P1相加可計算出整個溫度調節系統的總溫度調節需求功率PZ ,將每個電池的溫度調節實際功率P2相加得到總溫度調節實際功率Pf,將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率相加可計算出所有壓縮機的最大製冷功率之和P5。其中,第一電池的溫度調節需求功率為P11,第二電池的溫度調節需求功率為P12。第一電池的溫度調節實際功率為P21,第二電池的溫度調節實際功率為P22。P51為第一壓縮機11最大製冷功率,P52為第二壓縮機的最大製冷功率。As shown in Fig. 24, when the battery, the in-vehicle cooling circuit, and the battery cooling circuit are plural, and the plurality of batteries are independently set, when the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode, the controller acquires each of the batteries P1 and P1, respectively. The temperature of the battery adjusts the actual power P2 and the maximum cooling power P of the single compressor, and adds the P1 of each battery to calculate the total temperature adjustment demand power P Z of the entire temperature regulation system, and adjusts the temperature of each battery. The power P2 is added to obtain the total temperature adjustment actual power Pf, and the maximum cooling power of each compressor is added to calculate the sum P5 of the maximum cooling powers of all the compressors. Wherein, the temperature adjustment required power of the first battery is P11, and the temperature adjustment required power of the second battery is P12. The temperature adjustment actual power of the first battery is P21, and the temperature adjustment actual power of the second battery is P22. P51 is the maximum cooling power of the first compressor 11, and P52 is the maximum cooling power of the second compressor.
如果Pz≤P51,那麼只需要控制一壓縮機工作,提供製冷功率,也可以控制兩個壓縮機一同工作。如果P51<Pz≤P5,則需要兩個壓縮機一起工作,每個壓縮機的初始製冷功率為Pz/2,或者其他的功率組合形式,使得2個壓縮機的製冷功率之和為Pz。如果Pz>P5,則每個壓縮機按照最大製冷功率運行。If Pz ≤ P51, then only one compressor needs to be controlled to provide cooling power, and two compressors can also be controlled to work together. If P51 < Pz ≤ P5, two compressors are required to work together, the initial cooling power of each compressor is Pz/2, or other power combinations such that the sum of the cooling powers of the two compressors is Pz. If Pz > P5, each compressor operates at maximum cooling power.
在車內冷卻和電池冷卻同時開啟時,假設出風口1、出風口2區域的溫度為T51,出風口3、出風口4區域溫度為T52,則進行如下判斷:When the interior cooling and the battery cooling are simultaneously turned on, if the temperature of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is T51, and the temperature of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 is T52, the following determination is made:
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,則進行如下處理: 如果Pz+P4≤P5,則控制第一壓縮機的製冷功率提高,或者控制第一壓縮機製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52≥Tc and Tc is 3°C, proceed as follows: If Pz+P4≤P5, control the cooling power of the first compressor to increase, or control the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the first compressor refrigeration circuit. The opening degree is reduced, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, thereby making The temperature of T51 is accelerated to decrease, and at the same time, the cooling power requirement of the battery is satisfied, and the ambient temperature of the vehicle is balanced.
如果Pz+P4>P5,則控制第一壓縮機11和第二壓縮機12的以最大製冷功率運行,同時控制第一壓縮機11製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減小,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,或者同時控制第二壓縮機製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If Pz+P4>P5, controlling the first compressor 11 and the second compressor 12 to operate at the maximum cooling power, while controlling the expansion valve opening degree of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the first compressor 11 to be reduced, and controlling the vehicle The opening of the expansion valve of the internal cooling circuit is increased, or the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor is controlled to increase, and the opening degree of the expansion valve of the cooling circuit in the vehicle is controlled to decrease, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and at the same time Meet the cooling power requirements of the battery to achieve a balanced environment temperature inside the vehicle.
如果T51-T52≥Tc,Tc為3℃,也可以進行如下處理: 控制第一壓縮機製冷迴路中電池冷卻迴路的關閉,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度增大,使得第一壓縮機的所有制冷功率都用於車內冷卻。同時控制第二壓縮機製冷迴路中的電池冷卻迴路的膨脹閥增加,控制車內冷卻迴路的膨脹閥開度減少,增大對電池冷卻功率,使得T51溫度加快下降,同時又滿足電池的冷卻功率需求,實現車內環境溫度均衡。If T51-T52 ≥ Tc and Tc is 3 ° C, the following processing can also be performed: controlling the closing of the battery cooling circuit in the first compressor refrigeration circuit, and controlling the opening of the expansion valve of the cooling circuit in the vehicle to increase, so that the first compressor All cooling power is used for in-vehicle cooling. At the same time, the expansion valve of the battery cooling circuit in the refrigeration circuit of the second compressor is controlled to increase, the opening degree of the expansion valve for controlling the cooling circuit in the vehicle is reduced, and the cooling power of the battery is increased, so that the temperature of the T51 is rapidly decreased, and the cooling power of the battery is satisfied. Demand, to achieve a balanced temperature inside the car.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法,首先,分別獲取複數電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,然後,分別獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度和空調設定溫,再根據溫度調節需求功率、溫度調節實際功率、複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。由此,該方法根據每個電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域溫度和各個電池之間的溫度。According to the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, respectively, the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power of the plurality of batteries are respectively acquired, and then the regional temperature and the air conditioning set temperature of the plurality of regions in the vehicle are separately acquired, and then adjusted according to the temperature. The required power, the temperature-regulated actual power, the plurality of zone temperatures, and the air-conditioning set temperature adjust the opening degrees of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches. Therefore, the method allocates the cooling capacity of each area in the battery and the car according to the actual state of each battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, not only when the battery temperature is too high or when the temperature is too low. Adjustments are made to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, and the temperature of each zone in the compartment and the temperature between the individual batteries can be equalized.
當電池為一個,且製冷支路、車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路為複數個時,車載電池的溫度調節系統包括:複數製冷支路、複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和電池溫度調節模組5。When the battery is one, and the cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch are plural, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery includes: a plurality of cooling branches, a plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, and a plurality of battery cooling branches. And battery temperature adjustment module 5.
其中,如第26圖所示,每個製冷支路包括壓縮機1、與壓縮機1相連的冷凝器2。複數車內冷卻支路分別與複數製冷支路相連。電池溫度調節模組5與電池6和電池冷卻支路相連,用於獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,並獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,以及根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的功率進行調整。Here, as shown in Fig. 26, each of the cooling branches includes a compressor 1 and a condenser 2 connected to the compressor 1. The plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches are respectively connected to the plurality of cooling branches. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 is connected to the battery 6 and the battery cooling branch for acquiring the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, and acquiring the regional temperature Tq and the air conditioning set temperature Ts of the plurality of regions in the vehicle, and according to the temperature The required power P1, the temperature-regulated actual power P2, the complex region temperature Tq, and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts are adjusted for the power of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches.
其中,電池可以電池包或電池模組。Among them, the battery can be a battery pack or a battery module.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,電池溫度調節模組5根據所溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對在目標時間t內對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的功率進行調整,以達到目標溫度。當電池的溫度過高或者過低時,需要對電池進行溫度調節。電池溫度調節模組5獲取電池6的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,根據P1和P2調節複數電池冷卻支路的開度,以調節電池的冷卻功率,且電池溫度調節模組5獲取複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,並根據Tq和Ts控制每個電池冷卻支路開度,例如,如果某個區域的Tq較高且於其它區域的Tq相差較大,則電池溫度調節模組5控制冷卻該區域的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度減小,同時,為保證電池的冷卻功率不變,電池溫度調節模組5控制另一車內冷卻支路的開度減小,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度增大。由此,該系統根據電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域的溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the battery temperature adjustment module 5 adjusts the required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex region temperature Tq, and the air conditioner set temperature Ts to the plurality of vehicles within the target time t. The power of the cooling branch, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches are adjusted to achieve the target temperature. When the temperature of the battery is too high or too low, the battery needs to be temperature adjusted. The battery temperature adjustment module 5 obtains the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery 6 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, adjusts the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches according to P1 and P2, to adjust the cooling power of the battery, and the battery temperature adjustment module 5 Obtaining the complex area temperature Tq and the air conditioner set temperature Ts, and controlling the opening degree of each battery cooling branch according to Tq and Ts, for example, if the Tq of a certain area is high and the Tq of the other area is large, the battery temperature is adjusted. The module 5 controls the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch of the cooling area to be increased, and at the same time controls the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch to be reduced, and at the same time, the battery temperature adjusting module 5 is ensured to ensure the cooling power of the battery is unchanged. The opening degree of the cooling branch of the other vehicle is controlled to be reduced, and the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is controlled to increase. Therefore, the system allocates the cooling capacity of the battery and each area in the vehicle according to the actual state of the battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, and can not only adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low. In order to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, it is also possible to equalize the temperature of each area in the compartment.
可以理解,電池溫度調節模組5的製冷功率由車載空調提供,與車內製冷系統共用製冷量,從而可以減少溫度調節系統的體積,並使冷卻液流量的分配更加靈活。It can be understood that the cooling power of the battery temperature regulating module 5 is provided by the vehicle air conditioner, and the cooling capacity is shared with the in-vehicle refrigeration system, thereby reducing the volume of the temperature regulating system and making the distribution of the coolant flow more flexible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,電池冷卻支路可以包括換熱器41,換熱器41與電池溫度調節模組5相連。換熱器41可以包括第一管道和第二管道,第二管道與電池溫度調節模組5相連,第一管道與壓縮機1相連通,其中,第一管道與第二管道相互獨立的臨近設置。電池溫度調節模組5包括:調節電池溫度的流路(圖中未具體示出),流路設置在電池之中。連接在流路和換熱器41之間的幫浦51、介質容器52、加熱器53,以及控制器(圖中未具體示出)。其中,控制器獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,並根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2對電池的溫度進行調節。車內冷卻支路可以包括:蒸發器31、第一膨脹閥32和第一電子閥33。電池冷卻支路4還可以包括第二膨脹閥42和第二電子閥43。According to an embodiment of the invention, the battery cooling branch may include a heat exchanger 41 connected to the battery temperature regulating module 5. The heat exchanger 41 may include a first pipe and a second pipe, the second pipe is connected to the battery temperature regulating module 5, and the first pipe is connected to the compressor 1, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are adjacent to each other. . The battery temperature adjustment module 5 includes a flow path (not specifically shown) for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and the flow path is disposed in the battery. A pump 51, a medium container 52, a heater 53, and a controller (not specifically shown) are connected between the flow path and the heat exchanger 41. The controller acquires the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and adjusts the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2. The in-vehicle cooling branch may include an evaporator 31, a first expansion valve 32, and a first electronic valve 33. The battery cooling branch 4 may also include a second expansion valve 42 and a second electronic valve 43.
具體地,換熱器41可以為板式換熱器,板式換熱器可以安裝在車載空調內部,使得整個製冷劑迴路均在車載空調內部,便於車載空調出廠調試,並且使車載空調可以單獨供貨和組裝,同時,車載空調在安裝程序中只需要加注一次製冷劑。冷卻液從流路的入口流入電池的內部,從流路的出口流出,從而實現電池與冷卻液之間的熱交換。Specifically, the heat exchanger 41 may be a plate heat exchanger, and the plate heat exchanger may be installed inside the vehicle air conditioner, so that the entire refrigerant circuit is inside the vehicle air conditioner, facilitating the commissioning of the vehicle air conditioner, and the vehicle air conditioner can be separately supplied. And assembly, at the same time, the car air conditioner only needs to be refilled once in the installation procedure. The coolant flows into the interior of the battery from the inlet of the flow path and flows out from the outlet of the flow path, thereby achieving heat exchange between the battery and the cooling liquid.
幫浦51主要用於提供動力,介質容器52主要用於儲存冷卻液和接受向溫度調節系統添加的冷卻液,當溫度調節系統中的冷卻液減少時,介質容器52中的冷卻液可自動補充。加熱器53可以為PTC加熱器,可以與控制器進行CAN通訊,為車載電池的溫度調節系統提供加熱功率,受控制器控制。且加熱器53不直接與電池6接觸,具有較高的安全性、可靠性和實用性。The pump 51 is mainly used to provide power. The medium container 52 is mainly used for storing the coolant and receiving the coolant added to the temperature regulation system. When the coolant in the temperature regulation system is reduced, the coolant in the medium container 52 can be automatically replenished. . The heater 53 can be a PTC heater, can perform CAN communication with the controller, and provides heating power for the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery, and is controlled by the controller. Moreover, the heater 53 is not directly in contact with the battery 6, and has high safety, reliability, and practicality.
第一溫度感測器55用以偵測流路入口冷卻液的溫度,第二溫度感測器56用以偵測流路出口冷卻液的溫度。流速感測器57用以偵測對應管道內冷卻液的流速資訊。第二電子閥43用以控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開通和關閉,第二膨脹閥42可用於控制回應的電池冷卻支路中的冷卻液流量。The first temperature sensor 55 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path inlet, and the second temperature sensor 56 is configured to detect the temperature of the coolant at the flow path outlet. The flow rate sensor 57 is used to detect the flow rate information of the coolant in the corresponding pipe. The second electronic valve 43 is used to control the opening and closing of the respective battery cooling branch, and the second expansion valve 42 can be used to control the flow of coolant in the responding battery cooling branch.
下面結合具體的實施例說明如何獲取溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。How to obtain the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器可以用於分別獲取電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生電池的第一溫度調節需求功率,以及分別獲取電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生電池的第二溫度調節需求功率,並根據電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和電池的第二溫度調節需求功率產生電池的溫度調節需求功率P1。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller may be configured to respectively acquire a first parameter when the battery is turned on, and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter, and obtain a first time when the battery is adjusted in temperature. The second parameter generates a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter, and generates a temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery according to the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of the battery.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,控制器獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ,並根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the controller acquires the first between the initial temperature and the target temperature. A temperature difference ΔT 1 , and generating a first temperature adjustment required power according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,控制器通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t (1), 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池6的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, the controller generates the first temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t (1), where ΔT 1 is the first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 6, and M is the quality of the battery.
第二參數為電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,控制器通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2), 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池6的內阻。The second parameter is the average current I of the battery within a preset time, and the controller generates the second temperature adjustment required power by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2), where I is the average current and R is the battery 6 internal resistance.
當對電池6進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池6進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery 6 is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery 6 is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器分別根據第一溫度感測器55偵測的入口溫度和第二溫度感測器56偵測的出口溫度產生電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 ,並根據電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速感測器57偵測的流速v產生電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller generates a second temperature difference ΔT 2 of the battery according to the inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 55 and the outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 56, respectively, according to the battery. The second temperature difference ΔT 2 and the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 57 generate the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the actual power P2 is adjusted according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is in the flow path The specific heat capacity of the coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, and ρ is the density of the coolant.
具體地,如第26圖所示,車輛通電後,控制器判斷電池6是否需要進行溫度調節,如果判斷電池6需要溫度調節,則開啟溫度調節功能,並發送低轉速資訊給幫浦51,幫浦以默認轉速(如低轉速)開始工作。控制器可以獲取6電池的初始溫度(即當前溫度)、目標溫度和從初始溫度達到目標溫度的目標時間t,其中目標溫度和目標時間t可以根據實際情況進行預設,並根據公式(1)計算出6電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。同時,控制器獲取電池6在預設時間內的平均電流I,並根據公式(2)計算電池6的第二溫度調節需求功率。然後,控制器分別根據電池的第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率計算溫度調節需求功率P1。並且,控制器獲取第一溫度感測器55和第二溫度感測器56偵測溫度資訊,並分別獲取流速感測器偵測的流速資訊,根據公式(3)計算出電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 26, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller determines whether the battery 6 needs to be temperature-regulated. If it is determined that the battery 6 requires temperature adjustment, the temperature adjustment function is turned on, and the low-speed information is sent to the pump 51. Pu starts working at the default speed (such as low speed). The controller can obtain the initial temperature (ie, the current temperature) of the 6 battery, the target temperature, and the target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, wherein the target temperature and the target time t can be preset according to actual conditions, and according to formula (1) Calculate the first temperature regulation required power of the 6 battery. At the same time, the controller acquires the average current I of the battery 6 for a preset time, and calculates the second temperature adjustment required power of the battery 6 according to the formula (2). Then, the controller calculates the temperature adjustment required power P1 according to the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second temperature adjustment required power, respectively. Moreover, the controller acquires the first temperature sensor 55 and the second temperature sensor 56 to detect the temperature information, and separately obtains the flow rate information detected by the flow rate sensor, and calculates the actual temperature adjustment of the battery according to the formula (3). Power P2.
下面將結合具體地實施例描述如何根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路(30和30)複數電池冷卻支路(401和402)和複數製冷支路(11和12)的開度進行調整。How to adjust the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches (30 and 30) to the plurality of battery cooling branches (401) according to the temperature adjustment required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. And 402) and the opening of the plurality of cooling branches (11 and 12) are adjusted.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於,用於根據複數壓縮機的最大製冷功率P產生複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,以及判斷溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,其中,當溫度調節需求功率P1大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5時,控制器將複數電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度調整至最大;當溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5時,控制器根據溫度調節需求功率P1與總最大製冷功率P5之差對電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度進行調整。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller is further configured to generate a total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors according to a maximum cooling power P of the plurality of compressors, and determine whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than a total of the plurality of compressors The maximum cooling power P5, wherein when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the controller adjusts the cooling capacity opening of the plurality of battery cooling branches to a maximum; when the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or When the total cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors is equal to the total cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the controller adjusts the cooling capacity of the battery cooling branch according to the difference between the required power P1 and the total maximum cooling power P5.
具體地,如第26圖所示,控制器可以根據每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P計算出複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,即將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P相加即可得到總最大製冷功率P5。然後,控制器判斷是否P1>P5,如果是,則控制器將每個第二膨脹閥42的開度調節至最大,以將複數壓縮機1向電池對應的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量調整至最大,以使電池6可以在目標時間t內完成降溫。而如果P1≤P5,則控制器根據P1與P5之間的差值對第二膨脹閥42的開度進行調整,其中,P1與P5差值的絕對值越大,第二膨脹閥42的開度越小,以達到節約能源的目的。Specifically, as shown in FIG. 26, the controller can calculate the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors according to the maximum cooling power P of each compressor, that is, add the maximum cooling power P of each compressor to obtain The total maximum cooling power is P5. Then, the controller determines whether P1>P5, and if so, the controller adjusts the opening degree of each of the second expansion valves 42 to the maximum to adjust the coolant flow rate of the plurality of compressors 1 to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery. To the maximum, so that the battery 6 can complete the cooling within the target time t. And if P1 ≤ P5, the controller adjusts the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 according to the difference between P1 and P5, wherein the larger the absolute value of the difference between P1 and P5, the opening of the second expansion valve 42 The smaller the degree, the more energy-saving.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於偵測電池的溫度,並在電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,以及在電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller is further configured to detect a temperature of the battery, and when the temperature of the battery is greater than the first temperature threshold, control the temperature adjustment system to enter the cooling mode, and the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature At the critical value, the temperature control system is controlled to enter the heating mode. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,控制器即時偵測電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果其中電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時電池6的溫度過高,為避免高溫對電池6的性能產生影響,需要對該電池6進行降溫處理,控制器控制溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統,以及控制第二電子閥43開啟,以使冷卻液與電池進行熱交換以降低該電池的溫度。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller instantly detects the temperature of the battery and makes a judgment. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 ° C, indicating that the temperature of the battery 6 is too high, in order to avoid the impact of the high temperature on the performance of the battery 6, the battery 6 needs to be cooled, and the controller controls the temperature adjustment system to enter the cooling mode. And sending a battery cooling function start information to the air conditioning system, and controlling the second electronic valve 43 to open, so that the coolant exchanges heat with the battery to lower the temperature of the battery.
而如果電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時電池6的溫度過低,為避免低溫對該電池的性能產生影響,需要對該電池6進行升溫處理,控制器控制溫度調節系統進入加熱模式,控制第二電子閥43關閉,並控制加熱器53開啟,以為溫度調節系統提供加熱功率。If the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 ° C, the temperature of the battery 6 is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery 6 needs to be heated, and the controller controls the temperature adjustment system to enter the heating mode. The second electronic valve 43 is controlled to be closed, and the heater 53 is controlled to be turned on to provide heating power to the temperature adjustment system.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,控制器還用於,在電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,判斷電池溫度是否大於第三溫度臨界值,其中,如果電池溫度大於第三溫度臨界值,則控制器降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度,其中,電池冷卻支路的開度通過對應的閥門(即第二膨脹閥42)分別控制,第三溫度臨界值大於第一溫度臨界值,例如第三溫度臨界值可以為45℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to determine whether the battery temperature is greater than a third temperature threshold when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2. Wherein, if the battery temperature is greater than the third temperature threshold, the controller reduces the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches and increases the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches, wherein the opening degree of the battery cooling branch passes through the corresponding valve (ie, the second expansion valve 42) is respectively controlled, the third temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, for example, the third temperature threshold may be 45 °C.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果P1大於P2,則控制器判斷電池的溫度是否大於45℃。如果電池的溫度大於45℃,說明當前電池6的溫度過高,控制器減少第一膨脹閥32的開度,以減少車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,同時增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。由此,通過調整車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的製冷量分配,可以在電池溫度過高時在目標時間內完成電池的溫度調節。Specifically, when in the cooling mode, if P1 is greater than P2, the controller determines whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 °C. If the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ° C, indicating that the temperature of the current battery 6 is too high, the controller reduces the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 to reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle while increasing the second expansion valve 42 Opening to increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch. Thus, by adjusting the cooling capacity distribution of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, the temperature adjustment of the battery can be completed within the target time when the battery temperature is too high.
根據本發明的一個實施例,為冷卻模式時,控制器還用於在電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於電池的冷卻的壓縮機1的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率,或者在電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to acquire the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The power difference between them, and increase the power of the compressor 1 for cooling the battery according to the power difference, or adjust the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery, or adjust the temperature of the battery The required power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power P2, reduce the power of the compressor or keep the power of the compressor constant, or adjust the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to reduce the cooling power of the battery.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,控制器獲取電池6的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成電池6的降溫,所以,控制器獲取電池6的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機1的功率,或者增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,壓縮機的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使該電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果電池6的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持壓縮機的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機的功率,或者減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當電池的溫度低於35℃時,則電池冷卻完成,控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制第二電子閥43關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,電池的溫度仍然高於35℃,則控制器再適當增加壓縮機的功率,以使電池6儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, the controller acquires P1 and P2 of the battery 6, and makes a judgment. If P1 is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery 6 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the controller acquires the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery 6, and increases according to the power difference. The power of the compressor 1, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery, to increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the power difference between P1 and P2 is larger, the power of the compressor and the coolant flow rate of the battery The more the increase, the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within the preset time t. If the P1 of the battery 6 is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor can be kept constant or the power of the compressor can be appropriately reduced, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced, and the cooling power of the battery can be reduced. When the temperature of the battery is lower than 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed, and the controller sends information for turning off the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and controls the second electronic valve 43 to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ° C, the controller further increases the power of the compressor so that the battery 6 completes the cooling as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於在電池的溫度小於第三溫度臨界值,且車內溫度等於空調設定溫度Ts時,降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches and increase the plural when the temperature of the battery is less than the third temperature threshold and the interior temperature is equal to the air conditioning set temperature Ts The opening of the battery cooling branch.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果電池的溫度小於45℃,控制器判斷車內溫度是否達到空調設定溫度Ts。如果達到,則控制器減少第一膨脹閥32的開度,並增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,減小車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,儘快完成電池的降溫。而如果車內溫度沒有達到空調設定溫度Ts,則優先滿足車內的製冷需求,控制器增大第一膨脹閥32的開度,並減小第二膨脹閥42的開度。Specifically, when it is in the cooling mode, if the temperature of the battery is less than 45 ° C, the controller determines whether the temperature inside the vehicle reaches the air-conditioning set temperature Ts. If so, the controller reduces the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 and increases the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 to increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch and reduce the coolant of the cooling branch in the vehicle. Flow, complete the battery cooling as soon as possible. On the other hand, if the temperature inside the vehicle does not reach the air-conditioning set temperature Ts, the cooling demand in the vehicle is preferentially satisfied, and the controller increases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 and reduces the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42.
此外,還對對電池溫度做了分層次處理,溫度控制的臨界值分別為40℃、45℃和35℃。當電池溫度高於40℃時,電池冷卻功能啟動,當電池溫度降低至35℃,則電池冷卻完成。當電池溫度達到45℃時,優先滿足電池冷卻需求。另外,溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,如果電池溫度不超過45℃,則仍然優先車內的製冷需求,如果車內的製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則控制器增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,可優先滿足車內製冷需求。In addition, the battery temperature was also processed hierarchically, and the critical values of temperature control were 40 ° C, 45 ° C and 35 ° C, respectively. When the battery temperature is higher than 40 ° C, the battery cooling function is activated, and when the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed. When the battery temperature reaches 45 ° C, the battery cooling needs are preferentially met. In addition, when the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ° C, the cooling demand in the vehicle is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the controller increases. The battery cools the opening of the branch to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand can be preferentially satisfied.
在本發明的一個實施例中,複數製冷支路分別對應複數出風口,複數區域溫度為複數出風口的溫度。In an embodiment of the invention, the plurality of cooling branches respectively correspond to the plurality of air outlets, and the plurality of regional temperatures are the temperatures of the plurality of air outlets.
舉例而言,如第21圖所示,可在車廂內設置4個出風口,分別為出風口1-出風口4。通過偵測出風口溫度Tc偵測對應的區域溫度Tq。假設出風口1和出風口2由第一製冷支路11提供製冷功率,設出風口3和出風口4由第二製冷支路12提供製冷功率。For example, as shown in Fig. 21, four air outlets, which are an air outlet 1 - an air outlet 4, can be provided in the vehicle compartment. The corresponding zone temperature Tq is detected by detecting the tuyere temperature Tc. It is assumed that the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 are supplied with the cooling power by the first cooling branch 11, and the outlet 3 and the outlet 4 are provided with the cooling power by the second cooling branch 12.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於獲取複數區域溫度之間的溫度差,並在溫度差大於第四溫度臨界值時,將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,並將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度降低。其中,第四溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為3℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller is further configured to obtain a temperature difference between the plurality of regional temperatures, and when the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold, the in-vehicle cooling corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located The opening degree of the branch road is increased, and the opening degree of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located is lowered. The fourth temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 3 ° C.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器還用於將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度降低,並將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度提高。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located, and correspond to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located The opening of the battery cooling branch is increased.
具體地,在電池冷卻程序中,如果車內需要開啟空調,則需要對車廂內的環境溫度進行監測和控制,使得車內各處的環境溫度保持均衡,同時又能滿足電池冷卻的要求。如第21圖所示,當偵測到出風口1和出風口2處區域溫度Tq比出風口3和出風口4處附近區域溫度Tq高3℃以上時,控制第一車內冷卻支路301中的第一膨脹閥32的開度增大,同時控制第一電池冷卻支路401中的第二膨脹閥42的開度減小,以使第一車內冷卻支路301中的冷卻功率增加。控制器還控制第二車內冷卻支路302中的第一膨脹閥32的開度減小,第二電池冷卻支路402中的第二膨脹閥42的開度增大,以使第二車內冷卻支路302中的冷卻功率較小。由此,可以使第一電池冷卻301和第二電池冷卻支路302的冷卻功率不變,同時又使得車內各處出風口附近區域氣溫均衡。當車載空調偵測到出風口1、出風口2處附近區域氣溫Tq和出風口3、出風口4處附近區域氣溫Tq差異在3℃以內時,控制器控制第一車內冷卻支路301和第二車內冷卻支路302中的第一膨脹閥32開度相同,以保證第一車內冷卻支路301和第二車內冷卻支路302的冷卻功率相同。Specifically, in the battery cooling process, if the air conditioner needs to be turned on in the vehicle, the ambient temperature in the vehicle compartment needs to be monitored and controlled, so that the ambient temperature throughout the vehicle is balanced, and at the same time, the battery cooling requirement can be met. As shown in FIG. 21, when it is detected that the regional temperature Tq at the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is higher than the temperature Tq of the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 by more than 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is controlled. The opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 is increased while controlling the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the first battery cooling branch 401 to decrease, so that the cooling power in the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is increased. . The controller also controls the opening degree of the first expansion valve 32 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 to decrease, and the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 in the second battery cooling branch 402 is increased to make the second car The cooling power in the internal cooling branch 302 is small. Thereby, the cooling power of the first battery cooling 301 and the second battery cooling branch 302 can be made constant, and at the same time, the temperature in the vicinity of the air outlets in the vehicle is equalized. When the vehicle air conditioner detects the air outlet 1, the air temperature Tq near the air outlet 2, the air outlet 3, and the air temperature Tq in the vicinity of the air outlet 4, the controller controls the first interior cooling branch 301 and The first expansion valve 32 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 has the same opening degree to ensure that the cooling powers of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 are the same.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,控制器在電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器53的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的加熱功率,以及在電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,減小加熱器53的功率或保持加熱器53的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the controller obtains between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the actual power P2 of the temperature adjustment when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery. The power difference is increased, and the power of the heater 53 for heating the battery is increased according to the power difference, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery is increased to increase the heating power of the battery, and the required power P1 is adjusted at the temperature of the battery. When the actual power P2 is less than or equal to the temperature of the battery, the power of the heater 53 is reduced or the power of the heater 53 is kept constant, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery is adjusted to reduce the heating power of the battery.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,控制器獲取電池6的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成電池6的升溫,所以,控制器獲取電池6的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池6的加熱器53的功率,或者通過調節幫浦51的轉速提高,以增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以使該電池可以在目標時間t內完成溫度調節。其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器53的功率增加的越多。而如果電池6的P1小於或等於P2,控制器可以適當減小加熱器53的功率,以節省電能,或者通過調節幫浦51的轉速降低減小該電池6的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減小加熱功率,或保持加熱器53的功率不變。當電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池6加熱完成,控制器通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器53關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,電池6的溫度仍然低於10℃,則控制器再適當增加加熱器53的功率,以使電池6儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, the controller acquires P1 and P2 of the battery 6, and makes a judgment. If P1 is greater than P2, it means that if the heating of the battery 6 cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the controller acquires the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery 6, and increases according to the power difference. The power for heating the heater 53 of the battery 6, or by adjusting the rotational speed of the pump 51, increases the flow rate of the coolant in the loop branch circuit of the battery so that the battery can complete the temperature adjustment within the target time t. Among them, the larger the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater 53 is increased. If the P1 of the battery 6 is less than or equal to P2, the controller can appropriately reduce the power of the heater 53 to save power, or reduce the coolant flow of the loop branch circuit of the battery 6 by adjusting the rotation speed of the pump 51. To reduce the heating power, or to keep the power of the heater 53 unchanged. When the temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery 6 is heated, and the controller sends the information of the temperature adjustment function to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and controls the heater 53 to be turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the temperature of the battery 6 is still lower than 10 ° C, the controller further increases the power of the heater 53 to cause the battery 6 to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,控制器,還用於在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,降低幫浦51的轉速,並在某個電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於對應的溫度調節實際功率P2時,提高幫浦51的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to reduce the rotation speed of the pump 51 when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is less than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, and adjust the temperature requirement of a certain battery. When the power P1 is greater than the corresponding temperature adjustment actual power P2, the rotation speed of the pump 51 is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果電池6的P1小於P2,控制器控制幫浦51的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果電池6的P1大於P2,控制器除控制相應的加熱器53或壓縮機1的功率增加或電池6所在迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還控制幫浦51的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高電池6的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if P1 of the battery 6 is less than P2, the controller controls the rotation speed of the pump 51 to be lowered to save electric energy. If the P1 of the battery 6 is greater than P2, the controller controls the increase of the power of the corresponding heater 53 or the compressor 1 or the coolant flow rate of the circuit in which the battery 6 is located, and also controls the increase of the rotational speed of the pump 51, which can increase the unit time. The quality of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the cooling flow path increases the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery 6 to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
可以理解,第26圖所示的系統的電池溫度調節模組5的調節方式與第19A圖至第19B圖類似,不同點為第26圖單個電池包,第19A圖至第19B圖為2個電池包串聯,對於本發明的實施例中中第26圖所示的系統的溫度調節程序未披露的細節,具體可參照上述實施例,為避免冗餘,此處不再贅述。It can be understood that the adjustment mode of the battery temperature adjustment module 5 of the system shown in FIG. 26 is similar to that of FIGS. 19A to 19B, and the difference is a single battery pack of FIG. 26, and FIGS. 19A to 19B are two. The battery packs are connected in series. For details of the temperature adjustment procedure of the system shown in FIG. 26 in the embodiment of the present invention, reference may be made to the above embodiments. To avoid redundancy, details are not described herein again.
根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統,通過電池溫度調節模組獲取溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,並獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度和空調設定溫度,以及根據溫度調節需求功率、溫度調節實際功率、複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。由此,該系統根據電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域溫度。According to the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the invention, the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power are obtained by the battery temperature adjustment module, and the regional temperature and the air conditioner set temperature of the plurality of regions in the vehicle are obtained, and the required power is adjusted according to the temperature. The temperature adjustment actual power, the plurality of zone temperatures, and the air conditioning set temperature adjust the opening degrees of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of cooling branches. Therefore, the system allocates the cooling capacity of the battery and each area in the vehicle according to the actual state of the battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, and can not only adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low. In order to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, it is also possible to equalize the temperature of each area in the compartment.
第27圖是根據本發明第十一個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖。其中,如第26圖所示,車載電池的溫度調節系統包括複數製冷支路及與複數製冷支路對應的複數電池冷卻支路、複數車內冷卻支路、電池和連接在該電池和複數電池冷卻支路之間的電池溫度調節模組,每個電池冷卻支路包括一換熱器;如第27圖所示,該溫度調節方法包括以下步驟: S1’’’’’,分別獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2。Figure 27 is a flow chart showing a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. Wherein, as shown in FIG. 26, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle battery includes a plurality of cooling branches and a plurality of battery cooling branches corresponding to the plurality of cooling branches, a plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, a battery, and a battery and a plurality of batteries connected thereto a battery temperature adjustment module between the cooling branches, each battery cooling branch includes a heat exchanger; as shown in Fig. 27, the temperature adjustment method comprises the following steps: S1 ''''', respectively, obtaining the battery The temperature adjustment requires power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
根據本發明的一個實施例,獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取電池開啟溫度調節時的第一參數,並根據第一參數產生電池的第一溫度調節需求功率。獲取電池在溫度調節時的第二參數,並根據第二參數產生電池的第二溫度調節需求功率。根據第一溫度調節需求功率和第二溫度調節需求功率產生電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1。According to an embodiment of the present invention, acquiring the temperature adjustment required power of the battery specifically includes: obtaining a first parameter when the battery is turned on, and generating a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter. Obtaining a second parameter of the battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter. The temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is generated according to the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,第一參數為電池開啟溫度調節時的初始溫度和目標溫度以及從初始溫度達到該目標溫度的目標時間t,根據第一參數產生第一溫度調節需求功率具體包括:獲取初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差ΔT1 ;根據第一溫度差ΔT1 和目標時間t產生第一溫度調節需求功率。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the first temperature adjustment requirement is generated according to the first parameter. The power specifically includes: acquiring a first temperature difference ΔT 1 between the initial temperature and the target temperature; generating the first temperature adjustment required power according to the first temperature difference ΔT 1 and the target time t.
更進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,通過以下公式(1)產生第一溫度調節需求功率: ΔT1 *C*M/t, (1) 其中,ΔT1 為初始溫度和目標溫度之間的第一溫度差,t為目標時間,C為電池的比熱容,M為電池的品質。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (1): ΔT 1 *C*M/t, (1) where ΔT 1 is between the initial temperature and the target temperature The first temperature difference, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is the quality of the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,第二參數為電池在預設時間內的平均電流I,通過以下公式(2)產生第二溫度調節需求功率: I2 *R, (2) 其中,I為平均電流,R為電池的內阻。According to an embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is the average current I of the battery for a preset time, and the second temperature adjustment required power is generated by the following formula (2): I 2 *R, (2) where I is the average Current, R is the internal resistance of the battery.
當對電池進行冷卻時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t+I2 *R;當對電池進行加熱時,P1=ΔT1 *C*M/t-I2 *R。When the battery is cooled, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / t + I 2 * R; when the battery is heated, P1 = ΔT 1 * C * M / tI 2 * R.
根據本發明的一個實施例,獲取電池的溫度調節實際功率P2具體包括:獲取用於調節電池溫度的流路的入口溫度和出口溫度,並獲取冷卻液流入流路的流速v。根據電池的流路入口溫度和出口溫度產生電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 。根據電池的第二溫度差ΔT2 和流速v產生電池的溫度調節實際功率P2。According to an embodiment of the present invention, acquiring the temperature-regulating actual power P2 of the battery specifically includes: obtaining an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path for adjusting the temperature of the battery, and acquiring a flow velocity v of the coolant flowing into the flow path. A second temperature difference ΔT 2 of the battery is generated based on the flow path inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the battery. The actual temperature P2 of the temperature of the battery is generated based on the second temperature difference ΔT 2 of the battery and the flow rate v.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據通過以下公式(3)產生溫度調節實際功率P2: ΔT2 *c*m, (3) 其中,ΔT2 為第二溫度差,c為流路中冷卻液的比熱容,m為單位時間內流過流路的橫截面的冷卻液品質,其中,m=v*ρ*s,v為冷卻液的流速,ρ為冷卻液的密度,s為流路的橫截面積。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the actual power P2 is adjusted according to the following formula (3): ΔT 2 *c*m, (3) where ΔT 2 is the second temperature difference and c is in the flow path The specific heat capacity of the coolant, m is the mass of the coolant flowing through the cross section of the flow path per unit time, where m = v * ρ * s, v is the flow rate of the coolant, ρ is the density of the coolant, and s is the flow path The cross-sectional area.
S2’’’’’,分別獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts。S2''''', respectively, acquires the area temperature Tq and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts of the plurality of areas in the vehicle.
S3’’’’’,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。S3''''', according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq and the air conditioning set temperature Ts to the opening of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches and the plurality of cooling branches Make adjustments.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數該區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts在目標時間t內對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整,以達到目標溫度。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches and the plurality of battery coolings are performed within the target time t according to the temperature adjustment required power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the plurality of the area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts. The opening of the branch and the complex cooling branch is adjusted to reach the target temperature.
其中,電池可以電池包或電池模組。Among them, the battery can be a battery pack or a battery module.
具體地,以製冷支路、電池冷卻支路、車內冷卻支路和電池為兩個為例,製冷支路分別為第一製冷支路和第二製冷支路,電池冷卻支路分別為第一電池冷卻支路和第二電池冷卻支路,車內冷卻支路迴路分別為第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路。Specifically, taking the cooling branch, the battery cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch, and the battery as two examples, the cooling branch is a first cooling branch and a second cooling branch, respectively, and the battery cooling branch is respectively A battery cooling branch and a second battery cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch circuit are a first in-vehicle cooling branch and a second in-vehicle cooling branch, respectively.
當電池的溫度過高或者過低時,需要對電池進行溫度調節。電獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2,根據P1和P2調節複數電池冷卻支路的開度,以調節電池的冷卻功率,且獲取複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts,並根據Tq和Ts控制每個電池冷卻支路開度,例如,如果某個區域的Tq較高且於其它區域的Tq相差較大,則控制冷卻該區域的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度減小,同時,為保證電池的冷卻功率不變,控制另一車內冷卻支路的開度減小,同時控制相應的電池冷卻支路的開度增大。由此,該方法根據電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域的溫度。When the temperature of the battery is too high or too low, the battery needs to be temperature adjusted. Electrically obtaining the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery and the temperature adjustment actual power P2, adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches according to P1 and P2, adjusting the cooling power of the battery, and acquiring the plurality of regional temperature Tq and the air conditioning set temperature Ts, and Controlling the opening degree of each battery cooling branch according to Tq and Ts, for example, if the Tq of a certain area is higher and the Tq of the other area is larger, the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch that controls cooling of the area is increased. At the same time, the opening degree of the corresponding battery cooling branch is controlled to be reduced, and at the same time, in order to ensure that the cooling power of the battery is constant, the opening degree of the cooling branch of the other vehicle is controlled to be reduced, and the corresponding cooling branch of the battery is controlled. The degree increases. Therefore, the method allocates the cooling capacity of the battery and each area in the vehicle according to the actual state of the battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, and can not only adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low. In order to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, it is also possible to equalize the temperature of each area in the compartment.
基於第26圖,下面將結合具體實施例說明如何根據根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。Based on Fig. 26, how to adjust the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches and the air conditioning set temperature Ts according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1, the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the complex area temperature Tq, and the air conditioning set temperature Ts will be described below with reference to the specific embodiments. The opening of the plurality of cooling branches is adjusted.
根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池為一個,且車內冷卻支路、電池冷卻支路和製冷支路為複數個時,上述的車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:根據複數壓縮機的最大製冷功率P產生複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5。判斷溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5。如果溫度調節需求功率P1大於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,則將複數壓縮機向電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度調整至最大。如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,則根據溫度調節需求功率P1與總最大製冷功率P5之差對電池對應的電池冷卻支路的製冷量開度進行調整。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the vehicle battery is one, and the in-vehicle cooling branch, the battery cooling branch, and the cooling branch are plural, the above-described method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle battery may further include: according to the plurality of compressors The maximum cooling power P produces the total maximum cooling power P5 of the complex compressor. It is judged whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 is greater than the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the cooling capacity of the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch is adjusted to a maximum. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 is less than or equal to the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors, the cooling capacity opening of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery is adjusted according to the difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the total maximum cooling power P5.
具體地,可以根據每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P計算出複數壓縮機的總最大製冷功率P5,即將每個壓縮機的最大製冷功率P相加即可得到總最大製冷功率P5。然後,判斷是否P1>P5,如果是,則將每個電池冷卻支路中第二膨脹閥的開度調節至最大,以將複數壓縮機向電池對應的電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量調整至最大,以使電池可以在目標時間t內完成降溫。而如果P1≤P5,則根據P1與P5之間的差值對電池冷卻支路中的第二膨脹閥的開度進行調整,其中,P1與P5差值的絕對值越大,第二膨脹閥的開度越小,以達到節約能源的目的。Specifically, the total maximum cooling power P5 of the plurality of compressors can be calculated according to the maximum cooling power P of each compressor, that is, the maximum cooling power P of each compressor is added to obtain the total maximum cooling power P5. Then, it is judged whether P1>P5, and if so, the opening degree of the second expansion valve in each battery cooling branch is adjusted to the maximum to adjust the coolant flow rate of the plurality of compressors to the battery cooling branch corresponding to the battery to Maximum, so that the battery can complete the cooling within the target time t. And if P1 ≤ P5, the opening degree of the second expansion valve in the battery cooling branch is adjusted according to the difference between P1 and P5, wherein the larger the absolute value of the difference between P1 and P5, the second expansion valve The smaller the opening, the purpose of saving energy.
根據本發明的一個實施例,電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括以下步驟:偵測電池的溫度。當電池的溫度大於第一溫度臨界值時,進入冷卻模式。當電池的溫度小於第二溫度臨界值時,進入加熱模式。其中,第一溫度臨界值和第二溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如,第一溫度臨界值可以為40℃,第二溫度臨界值可以為0℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the battery may further include the step of detecting the temperature of the battery. When the temperature of the battery is greater than the first temperature threshold, the cooling mode is entered. When the temperature of the battery is less than the second temperature threshold, the heating mode is entered. The first temperature threshold and the second temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions. For example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ° C, and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ° C.
具體地,車輛通電後,即時偵測電池的溫度,並進行判斷。如果電池的溫度高於40℃,說明此時電池的溫度過高,為避免高溫對電池的性能產生影響,需要對電池進行降溫處理,進入冷卻模式,並發送電池冷卻功能啟動資訊給空調系統。而如果電池的溫度低於0℃,說明此時電池的溫度過低,為避免低溫對電池的性能產生影響,需要對電池進行升溫處理,進入加熱模式,控制電池冷卻支路關閉,並控制加熱器開啟,以為電池提供加熱功率。Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the temperature of the battery is instantly detected and judged. If the temperature of the battery is higher than 40 °C, the temperature of the battery is too high. In order to avoid the impact of high temperature on the performance of the battery, the battery needs to be cooled down, enter the cooling mode, and send the battery cooling function to the air conditioning system. If the temperature of the battery is lower than 0 °C, the temperature of the battery is too low. In order to avoid the influence of low temperature on the performance of the battery, it is necessary to heat up the battery, enter the heating mode, control the cooling branch of the battery to turn off, and control the heating. The unit is turned on to provide heating power to the battery.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為冷卻模式時,根據溫度調節需求功率P1、溫度調節實際功率P2、複數區域溫度Tq和空調設定溫度Ts對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整具體包括:在電池冷卻支路的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,判斷電池溫度是否大於第三溫度臨界值,其中,如果電池溫度大於第三溫度臨界值,則降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度,其中,複數電池冷卻支路的開度通過對應的閥門(即第二膨脹閥)分別控制,第三溫度臨界值大於第一溫度臨界值,例如第三溫度臨界值可以為45℃。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the cooling mode, the required power P1, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2, the complex region temperature Tq, and the air-conditioning set temperature Ts are adjusted according to the temperature to the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches, and The adjustment of the opening degree of the plurality of cooling branches specifically includes: determining whether the battery temperature is greater than a third temperature threshold when the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery cooling branch is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, wherein if the battery temperature is greater than the third The temperature threshold value reduces the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches and increases the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches, wherein the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches is respectively controlled by the corresponding valve (ie, the second expansion valve) The third temperature threshold is greater than the first temperature threshold, for example, the third temperature threshold may be 45 °C.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果P1大於P2,則判斷電池的溫度是否大於45℃。如果電池的溫度大於45℃,說明當前電池的溫度過高,減少第一膨脹閥的開度,以減少車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,同時增大第二膨脹閥42的開度,以增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。由此,通過調整車內冷卻支路和電池冷卻支路的製冷量分配,可以在電池溫度過高時在目標時間內完成電池的溫度調節。Specifically, when in the cooling mode, if P1 is greater than P2, it is determined whether the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 °C. If the temperature of the battery is greater than 45 ° C, the current temperature of the battery is too high, and the opening degree of the first expansion valve is reduced to reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle, and increase the opening degree of the second expansion valve 42 to Increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch. Thus, by adjusting the cooling capacity distribution of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch, the temperature adjustment of the battery can be completed within the target time when the battery temperature is too high.
根據本發明的一個實施例,電池的溫度調節方法還包括:判斷電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於溫度調節實際功率P2。如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2時,則獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於電池的冷卻的壓縮機的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的冷卻功率。如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小壓縮機的功率或保持壓縮機的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的冷卻功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the battery further includes: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the actual power P2 of the temperature adjustment is obtained, and the cooling for the battery is increased according to the power difference. The power of the compressor, or the increase in the coolant flow of the loop circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, reduce the power of the compressor or keep the power of the compressor unchanged, or adjust the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to Reduce the cooling power of the battery.
具體地,當工作在冷卻模式時,分別獲取電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的製冷功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成該電池的降溫,所以,獲取電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加壓縮機的功率,或者增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加該電池的冷卻功率,其中,P1與P2的功率差越大,壓縮機的功率和該電池的冷卻液流量增加越多,以使電池的溫度在預設時間t內降低至目標溫。而如果電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以保持壓縮機的功率不變或適當減小壓縮機的功率,或者減少該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,減少電池的冷卻功率。當電池的溫度低於35℃時,則電池冷卻完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制第二電子閥關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入冷卻模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,仍有電池的溫度高於35℃,則再適當增加壓縮機的功率,以使該電池儘快完成降溫。Specifically, when operating in the cooling mode, the batteries P1 and P2 are respectively taken and judged. If P1 is greater than P2, it means that if the cooling of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current cooling power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and the compressor is increased according to the power difference. Power, or increase the coolant flow rate of the loop circuit of the battery to increase the cooling power of the battery, wherein the greater the power difference between P1 and P2, the more the compressor power and the coolant flow rate of the battery increase, So that the temperature of the battery is lowered to the target temperature within the preset time t. If the P1 of the battery is less than or equal to P2, the power of the compressor can be kept constant or the power of the compressor can be appropriately reduced, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced, and the cooling power of the battery can be reduced. When the temperature of the battery is lower than 35 °C, the battery cooling is completed, the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the second electronic valve is controlled to be closed. If the temperature adjustment system enters the cooling mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, if the temperature of the battery is still higher than 35 ° C, then the power of the compressor is appropriately increased to allow the battery to complete the cooling as soon as possible.
根據本發明的一個實施例,如果電池溫度小於第三溫度臨界值,則進一步判斷該車內溫度是否等於空調設定溫度Ts;如果車內溫度等於空調設定溫度Ts,則降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度,並提高複數電池冷卻支路的開度。According to an embodiment of the present invention, if the battery temperature is less than the third temperature threshold, it is further determined whether the interior temperature is equal to the air conditioning set temperature Ts; if the interior temperature is equal to the air conditioning set temperature Ts, the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches are reduced The opening degree and the opening degree of the plurality of battery cooling branches are increased.
具體地,當為冷卻模式時,如果電池的溫度都小於45℃,控制器判斷車內溫度是否達到空調設定溫度Ts。如果達到,則增大電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,減小車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,儘快完成電池的降溫。而如果車內溫度沒有達到空調設定溫度Ts,則優先滿足車內的製冷需求,控制器增大車內冷卻支路的冷卻液流量,並減小電池冷卻支路的冷卻液流量。Specifically, when it is in the cooling mode, if the temperature of the battery is less than 45 ° C, the controller determines whether the temperature inside the vehicle reaches the air-conditioning set temperature Ts. If it is reached, increase the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch, reduce the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle, and complete the cooling of the battery as soon as possible. If the temperature inside the vehicle does not reach the set temperature Ts of the air conditioner, the cooling demand in the vehicle is preferentially satisfied, and the controller increases the coolant flow rate of the cooling branch in the vehicle and reduces the coolant flow rate of the battery cooling branch.
此外,還對電池溫度做了分層次處理,溫度控制的臨界值分別為40℃、45℃和35℃。當電池溫度高於40℃時,電池冷卻功能啟動,當電池溫度降低至35℃,則電池冷卻完成。當電池溫度達到45℃時,優先滿足電池冷卻需求。另外,溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2時,如果電池溫度不超過45℃,則仍然優先車內的製冷需求,如果車內的製冷功率已經充足,並達到平衡,則增大電池冷卻支路的開度,以增大電池的冷卻功率。而如果溫度調節需求功率P1小於等於溫度調節實際功率P2時,可優先滿足車內製冷需求。In addition, the battery temperature was processed hierarchically, and the critical values of temperature control were 40 ° C, 45 ° C and 35 ° C, respectively. When the battery temperature is higher than 40 ° C, the battery cooling function is activated, and when the battery temperature is lowered to 35 ° C, the battery cooling is completed. When the battery temperature reaches 45 ° C, the battery cooling needs are preferentially met. In addition, when the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, if the battery temperature does not exceed 45 ° C, the cooling demand in the vehicle is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the battery cooling is increased. The opening of the branch to increase the cooling power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment demand power P1 is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the in-vehicle refrigeration demand can be preferentially satisfied.
根據本發明的一個實施例,降低複數車內冷卻支路的開度具體包括:獲取複數區域溫度之間的溫度差。判斷溫度差是否大於第四溫度臨界值。如果溫度差大於第四溫度臨界值時,則將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度增大,並將溫度高的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度降低。其中,第四溫度臨界值可以根據實際情況進行預設,例如可以為3℃。According to an embodiment of the invention, reducing the opening degree of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches specifically comprises: obtaining a temperature difference between the plurality of zone temperatures. Determine if the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold. If the temperature difference is greater than the fourth temperature threshold, the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located is increased, and the battery corresponding to the cooling branch where the high temperature air outlet is located is cooled. The opening of the branch is reduced. The fourth temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, for example, may be 3 ° C.
在本發明的一個實施例中,複數製冷支路分別對應複數出風口,複數區域溫度為複數出風口的溫度。In an embodiment of the invention, the plurality of cooling branches respectively correspond to the plurality of air outlets, and the plurality of regional temperatures are the temperatures of the plurality of air outlets.
舉例而言,如第21圖所示,可在車廂內設置4個出風口,分別為出風口1-出風口4。通過偵測出風口溫度Tc偵測對應的區域溫度Tq。假設出風口1和出風口2由第一製冷支路11提供製冷功率,設出風口3和出風口4由第二製冷支路12提供製冷功率。For example, as shown in Fig. 21, four air outlets, which are an air outlet 1 - an air outlet 4, can be provided in the vehicle compartment. The corresponding zone temperature Tq is detected by detecting the tuyere temperature Tc. It is assumed that the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 are supplied with the cooling power by the first cooling branch 11, and the outlet 3 and the outlet 4 are provided with the cooling power by the second cooling branch 12.
進一步地,根據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節方法還包括:將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的車內冷卻支路的開度降低,並將溫度低的出風口所在製冷支路對應的電池冷卻支路的開度提高。Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle battery further includes: reducing the opening degree of the in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch where the low temperature air outlet is located, and placing the air outlet having a low temperature The opening of the battery cooling branch corresponding to the cooling branch is increased.
具體地,在電池冷卻程序中,如果車內需要開啟空調,則需要對車廂內的環境溫度進行監測和控制,使得車內各處的環境溫度保持均衡,同時又能滿足電池冷卻的要求。如第21圖所示,當偵測到出風口1和出風口2處區域溫度Tq比出風口3和出風口4處附近區域溫度Tq高3℃以上時,增大第一車內冷卻支路中的開度,減小第一電池冷卻支路中的開度,以使第一車內冷卻支路中的冷卻功率較大。還減小第二車內冷卻支路中的冷開度,增大第二電池冷卻支路的開度,以使第二車內冷卻支路中的冷卻功率較小。由此,可以使第一電池冷卻和第二電池冷卻支路的冷卻功率不變,同時又使得車內各處出風口附近區域氣溫均衡。當車載空調偵測到出風口1、出風口2處附近區域氣溫Tq和出風口3、出風口4處附近區域氣溫Tq差異在3℃以內時,控制第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路中的第一膨脹閥開度相同,以保證第一車內冷卻支路和第二車內冷卻支路的冷卻功率相同。Specifically, in the battery cooling process, if the air conditioner needs to be turned on in the vehicle, the ambient temperature in the vehicle compartment needs to be monitored and controlled, so that the ambient temperature throughout the vehicle is balanced, and at the same time, the battery cooling requirement can be met. As shown in Fig. 21, when it is detected that the temperature Tq of the air outlet 1 and the air outlet 2 is higher than the temperature Tq of the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 by more than 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch is increased. The opening degree in the first battery reduces the opening degree in the first battery cooling branch so that the cooling power in the first in-vehicle cooling branch is large. The cold opening in the second in-vehicle cooling branch is also reduced, and the opening of the second battery cooling branch is increased to make the cooling power in the second in-vehicle cooling branch smaller. Thereby, the cooling power of the first battery cooling and the second battery cooling branch can be made constant, and at the same time, the temperature in the vicinity of the air outlets in the vehicle is equalized. When the vehicle air conditioner detects the air temperature at the air outlet 1, the air temperature Tq near the air outlet 2, and the temperature difference Tq in the vicinity of the air outlet 3 and the air outlet 4 are within 3 ° C, the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second vehicle are controlled. The first expansion valve in the inner cooling branch has the same opening degree to ensure that the cooling power of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch are the same.
根據本發明的一個實施例,當為加熱模式時,還包括:判斷電池的溫度調節需求功率P1是否大於溫度調節實際功率P2。如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,則獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於冷卻電池的加熱器的功率,或者調節增加電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以增加電池的加熱功率。如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於或等於溫度調節實際功率P2,則減小加熱器的功率或保持加熱器的功率不變,或者調節減少電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減少電池的加熱功率。According to an embodiment of the present invention, when in the heating mode, the method further comprises: determining whether the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, the power difference between the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery and the actual power P2 of the temperature adjustment is acquired, and the power of the heater for cooling the battery is increased according to the power difference. Or adjust the coolant flow rate of the loop loop of the battery to increase the heating power of the battery. If the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is less than or equal to the temperature adjustment actual power P2, reduce the power of the heater or keep the power of the heater unchanged, or adjust the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery to reduce the battery. Heating power.
具體地,當為加熱模式時,分別獲取電池的P1和P2,並進行判斷。如果其中P1大於P2,說明如果按照當前的加熱功率或者冷卻液流量,無法在目標時間內完成電池的升溫,所以,獲取電池的P1和P2之間的功率差,並根據功率差增加用於加熱電池的加熱器的功率,或者通過調節對應的幫浦的轉速提高,以增加該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以使電池可以在目標時間t內完成溫度調節。其中,P1與P2的差值越大,加熱器的功率增加的越多。而如果電池的P1小於或等於P2,可以適當減小加熱器的功率,以節省電能,或者通過調節對應的幫浦的轉速降低減小該電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量,以減小加熱功率,或保持加熱器的功率不變。當電池的溫度高於預設溫度,例如10℃時,電池加熱完成,通過CAN通訊向車載空調發送關閉溫度調節功能的資訊,並控制加熱器關閉。如果溫度調節系統進入加熱模式較長時間後,例如1小時後,電池的溫度仍然低於10℃,則再適當增加加熱器的功率,以使該電池儘快完成升溫。Specifically, when in the heating mode, the batteries P1 and P2 are respectively taken and judged. If P1 is greater than P2, it means that if the heating temperature of the battery cannot be completed within the target time according to the current heating power or the coolant flow rate, the power difference between P1 and P2 of the battery is obtained, and the heating is increased according to the power difference. The power of the heater of the battery is increased by adjusting the rotational speed of the corresponding pump to increase the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery so that the battery can complete the temperature adjustment within the target time t. Among them, the greater the difference between P1 and P2, the more the power of the heater increases. If the P1 of the battery is less than or equal to P2, the power of the heater can be appropriately reduced to save power, or the coolant flow rate of the loop branch circuit of the battery can be reduced by adjusting the rotation speed of the corresponding pump to reduce Heat the power or keep the power of the heater constant. When the temperature of the battery is higher than the preset temperature, for example, 10 ° C, the battery is heated, and the information of the temperature adjustment function is turned off to the vehicle air conditioner through the CAN communication, and the heater is turned off. If the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode for a long time, for example, after 1 hour, the temperature of the battery is still lower than 10 ° C, then the power of the heater is appropriately increased to allow the battery to complete the temperature rise as soon as possible.
據本發明的一個實施例,車載電池的溫度調節方法還可以包括:如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1小於溫度調節實際功率P2,則降低電池的流路中幫浦的轉速;如果電池的溫度調節需求功率P1大於溫度調節實際功率P2,則提高電池的流路中幫浦的轉速。According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery may further include: if the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery is less than the temperature adjustment actual power P2, reducing the rotation speed of the pump in the flow path of the battery; if the temperature of the battery is adjusted When the required power P1 is greater than the temperature-regulated actual power P2, the rotational speed of the pump in the flow path of the battery is increased.
具體地,當溫度調節系統進入加熱模式或者冷卻模式時,如果電池的P1小於P2,控制相應的幫浦的轉速降低,以節省電能。而如果電池的P1大於P2,控制器除控制相應的加熱器或壓縮機的功率增加或電池的迴圈分支迴路的冷卻液流量增加外,還控制幫浦的轉速提高,可以增加單位時間內流經冷卻流路橫截面的冷卻液品質,從而提高電池的溫度調節實際功率P2,以在目標時間t內實現溫度調節。Specifically, when the temperature adjustment system enters the heating mode or the cooling mode, if the P1 of the battery is less than P2, the rotation speed of the corresponding pump is controlled to be reduced to save power. If the P1 of the battery is greater than P2, the controller increases the power of the corresponding heater or compressor or increases the coolant flow of the loop circuit of the battery, and also controls the speed of the pump to increase, which can increase the flow per unit time. By adjusting the coolant quality of the cross section of the flow path, thereby increasing the temperature of the battery to adjust the actual power P2 to achieve temperature regulation within the target time t.
綜上所述,根據本發明實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法,首先,分別獲取電池的溫度調節需求功率和溫度調節實際功率,然後,分別獲取車輛中複數區域的區域溫度和空調設定溫,再根據溫度調節需求功率、溫度調節實際功率、複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度對複數車內冷卻支路、複數電池冷卻支路和複數製冷支路的開度進行調整。由此,該方法根據電池的實際狀態和車廂內複數區域溫度和空調設定溫度,對電池和車廂內各區域的製冷量進行分配,不僅可以在電池溫度過高時或者過低時對溫度進行調節,使電池的溫度維持在預設範圍,還可以均衡車廂內各區域溫度。In summary, according to the method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle battery according to the embodiment of the present invention, firstly, the temperature adjustment required power and the temperature adjustment actual power of the battery are separately obtained, and then the regional temperature and the air conditioning set temperature of the plurality of regions in the vehicle are respectively obtained. Then, according to the temperature adjustment demand power, the temperature adjustment actual power, the plurality of regional temperatures and the air conditioning set temperature, the opening degrees of the plurality of in-vehicle cooling branches, the plurality of battery cooling branches and the plurality of cooling branches are adjusted. Therefore, the method allocates the cooling capacity of the battery and each area in the vehicle according to the actual state of the battery and the temperature of the plurality of zones in the vehicle and the set temperature of the air conditioner, and can not only adjust the temperature when the battery temperature is too high or too low. In order to maintain the temperature of the battery within a preset range, it is also possible to equalize the temperature of each area in the compartment.
當電池提供製冷劑的壓縮機1可以為複數個且相互獨立,車內冷卻支路3和電池冷卻回支路4可以均為1個。When the compressor 1 in which the battery supplies the refrigerant may be plural and independent of each other, both the in-vehicle cooling branch 3 and the battery cooling back branch 4 may be one.
舉例而言,如第28圖所示,以壓縮機為兩個為例,包括第一壓縮機11和第二壓縮機12。控制器可以根據溫度調節需求功率P1和溫度調節實際功率P2控制壓縮機的啟動數量。For example, as shown in FIG. 28, taking the compressor as two examples, the first compressor 11 and the second compressor 12 are included. The controller can control the number of startups of the compressor according to the temperature adjustment demand power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2.
具體地,當對電池6進行冷卻時,如果P1大於P2,控制一壓縮機啟動即可,而如果P1小於P2,控制兩個壓縮機均啟動。Specifically, when the battery 6 is cooled, if P1 is greater than P2, control of a compressor is started, and if P1 is less than P2, both compressors are controlled to be started.
在本發明的描述中,需要理解的是,術語“中心”、“縱向”、“橫向”、“長度”、“寬度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“後”、“左”、“右”、“垂直”、“水平”、“頂”、“底”、“內”、“外”、“順時針”、“逆時針”、“軸向”、“徑向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置關係為基於附圖所示的方位或位置關係,僅是為了便於描述本發明和簡化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的裝置或元件必須具有特定的方位、以特定的方位構造和操作,因此不能理解為對本發明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " After, "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inside", "Outside", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship of the "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplified description, and does not indicate or imply the indicated device or component. It must be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
此外,術語“第一”、“第二”僅用於描述目的,而不能理解為指示或暗示相對重要性或者隱含指明所指示的技術特徵的數量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特徵可以明示或者隱含地包括至少一該特徵。在本發明的描述中,“複數”的含義是至少兩個,例如兩個,三個等,除非另有明確具體的限定。Moreover, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plural" means at least two, for example two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
在本發明中,除非另有明確的規定和限定,術語“安裝”、“相連”、“連接”、“固定”等術語應做廣義理解,例如,可以是固定連接,也可以是可拆卸連接,或成一體;可以是機械連接,也可以是電連接;可以是直接相連,也可以通過中間媒介間接相連,可以是兩個元件內部的連通或兩個元件的相互作用關係,除非另有明確的限定。對於本領域的普通技術人員而言,可以根據具體情況理解上述術語在本發明中的具體含義。In the present invention, the terms "installation", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable connection, unless explicitly stated and defined otherwise. , or integrated; can be mechanical or electrical connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements, unless otherwise specified Limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
在本發明中,除非另有明確的規定和限定,第一特徵在第二特徵 “上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特徵直接接觸,或第一和第二特徵通過中間媒介間接接觸。而且,第一特徵在第二特徵“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特徵在第二特徵正上方或斜上方,或僅僅表示第一特徵水平高度高於第二特徵。第一特徵在第二特徵“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特徵在第二特徵正下方或斜下方,或僅僅表示第一特徵水平高度小於第二特徵。In the present invention, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be a direct contact of the first and second features, or the first and second features may be indirectly through an intermediate medium, unless otherwise explicitly stated and defined. contact. Moreover, the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or above the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is higher than the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely that the first feature level is less than the second feature.
在本說明書的描述中,參考術語“一個實施例”、“一些實施例”、 “示例”、“具體示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指結合該實施例或示例描述的具體特徵、結構、材料或者特點包含於本發明的至少一個實施例或示例中。在本說明書中,對上述術語的示意性表述不必須針對的是相同的實施例或示例。而且,描述的具體特徵、結構、材料或者特點可以在任一或複數實施例或示例中以合適的方式結合。此外,在不相互矛盾的情況下,本領域的技術人員可以將本說明書中描述的不同實施例或示例以及不同實施例或示例的特徵進行結合和組合。In the description of the present specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like means a specific feature described in connection with the embodiment or example. A structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any or a plurality of embodiments or examples. In addition, various embodiments or examples described in the specification, as well as features of various embodiments or examples, may be combined and combined.
儘管上面已經示出和描述了本發明的實施例,可以理解的是,上述實施例是示例性的,不能理解為對本發明的限制,本領域的普通技術人員在本發明的範圍內可以對上述實施例進行變化、修改、替換和變型。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The embodiments are subject to variations, modifications, substitutions and variations.
1‧‧‧壓縮機1‧‧‧Compressor
2‧‧‧冷凝器2‧‧‧Condenser
3‧‧‧車內冷卻支路3‧‧‧In-car cooling branch
4‧‧‧電池冷卻支路4‧‧‧Battery cooling branch
5‧‧‧電池溫度調節模組5‧‧‧Battery temperature adjustment module
6‧‧‧電池6‧‧‧Battery
11、12‧‧‧壓縮機11, 12‧‧‧ compressor
31‧‧‧蒸發器31‧‧‧Evaporator
32、42‧‧‧膨脹閥32, 42‧‧‧ expansion valve
33、43‧‧‧電子閥33, 43‧‧‧Electronic valve
41‧‧‧換熱器41‧‧‧heat exchanger
51‧‧‧幫浦51‧‧‧
52‧‧‧介質容器、水箱52‧‧‧Media container, water tank
51、52、55、56‧‧‧溫度感測器51, 52, 55, 56‧‧‧ temperature sensors
53‧‧‧加熱器53‧‧‧heater
57‧‧‧流速感測器57‧‧‧Flow sensor
58‧‧‧閥門58‧‧‧ Valve
61、62‧‧‧電池61, 62‧‧‧ battery
411、412、413、414‧‧‧調節閥411, 412, 413, 414‧‧‧ regulating valves
511、512、522‧‧‧幫浦511, 512, 522‧‧ ‧
CAN‧‧‧控制器區域網路CAN‧‧‧Controller Area Network
P、P1、P2、Px、Pz‧‧‧功率P, P1, P2, Px, Pz‧‧‧ power
T、Tq、Ts‧‧‧溫度T, Tq, Ts‧‧‧ temperature
v‧‧‧流速V‧‧‧ flow rate
ΔT2‧‧‧溫度差ΔT 2 ‧‧‧temperature difference
本發明上述的和/或附加的方面和優點從下面結合附圖對實施例的描述中將變得明顯和容易理解,其中, 第1A圖至第1B圖是根據本發明第一個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第2圖是根據本發明第二個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第3圖是根據本發明第三個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第3A圖是根據本發明一個實施例的控制器的工作原理示意圖; 第4圖是根據本發明第一個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第5圖是根據本發明第二個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第6圖是根據本發明第三個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第7圖是根據本發明第四個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第8圖是根據本發明第五個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第9圖是根據本發明第四個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第10圖是根據本發明第六個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第11A圖至第11C圖是根據本發明第七個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第12a圖至第12b圖是根據本發明第六個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第13圖是根據本發明第七個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第14A圖至第14B圖是根據本發明第八個實施例的車輛的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第15圖是根據本發明第一個實施例的車輛的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第16圖是根據本發明第二個實施例的車輛的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第17圖是根據本發明第三個實施例的車輛的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第18圖是根據本發明第四個實施例的車輛的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第19A圖至第19B圖是根據本發明第八個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第20圖是根據本發明第九個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第21圖是根據本發明一個實施例的出風口分佈位置示意圖; 第22圖是根據本發明第八個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第23圖是根據本發明第九個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第24圖是根據本發明第十個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第25圖是根據本發明第十個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第26圖是根據本發明第十一個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第26A圖至第26B圖是根據本發明第十二個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖; 第27圖是根據本發明第十一個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節方法的流程圖; 第28圖是根據本發明第十三個實施例的車載電池的溫度調節系統流路結構的示意圖。The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which Figures 1A through 1B are in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic diagram of a flow path structure of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle battery according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a flow path structure of a temperature regulation system of a vehicle battery according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing the operation principle of the controller according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a third embodiment of the present invention; 7 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 8 is a temperature of a vehicle battery according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a flow path structure of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle battery according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 10 is a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11A to FIG. 11C are schematic diagrams showing a flow path structure of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle battery according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 12a to 12b are diagrams showing a sixth embodiment according to the present invention. A flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery; FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 14A to 14B are diagrams according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 15 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 16 is a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention; Figure 18 is a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 19A to 19B are schematic views showing a flow path structure of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle battery according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 20 is a temperature of the vehicle battery according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 21 is a schematic view showing a distribution position of an air outlet according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 22 is a flow chart showing a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention; 1 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing a flow path structure of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle battery according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention; A flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle battery according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing a flow path structure of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle battery according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention; 26B is a schematic diagram showing a flow path structure of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle battery according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 27 is an eleventh embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram showing a flow path structure of a temperature adjustment system of a vehicle battery according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
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CN112349987B (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-09-13 | 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 | Starting method, device, equipment and storage medium of temperature control system of battery cell |
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