CN109599614B - Temperature adjusting method and temperature adjusting system for vehicle-mounted battery - Google Patents

Temperature adjusting method and temperature adjusting system for vehicle-mounted battery Download PDF

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CN109599614B
CN109599614B CN201710922905.8A CN201710922905A CN109599614B CN 109599614 B CN109599614 B CN 109599614B CN 201710922905 A CN201710922905 A CN 201710922905A CN 109599614 B CN109599614 B CN 109599614B
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battery
temperature
cooling
heat exchange
vehicle
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CN109599614A (en
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伍星驰
谈际刚
王洪军
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BYD Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature adjusting method and a temperature adjusting system of a vehicle-mounted battery, wherein the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery comprises the following steps: the semiconductor heat exchange module is provided with a heating end and a cooling end and used for providing heating power/cooling power; the battery heat management modules can selectively exchange heat with a cooling end or a heating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module to form a first heat exchange flow path; each vehicle-mounted air conditioning module comprises a battery cooling branch and a refrigeration branch, each battery cooling branch comprises a heat exchanger, and the heat exchangers and the corresponding battery heat management modules can be selectively conducted to form a second heat exchange flow path; and the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the plurality of battery heat management modules and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner. Therefore, when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, the temperatures of the batteries can be balanced through the semiconductor heat exchange module, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.

Description

Temperature adjusting method and temperature adjusting system for vehicle-mounted battery
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of automotive technologies, and in particular, to a method for adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and a system for adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery.
Background
Currently, an on-board battery system in an electric vehicle may include a plurality of batteries, and the batteries are arranged at different positions, or heating/cooling power provided by a battery temperature regulation system for each battery is not uniform, so that the temperature of each battery is greatly different, the temperature uniformity of the batteries is poor, and the cycle life of the batteries is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-mounted battery temperature control system that can equalize the temperatures of a plurality of batteries through a semiconductor heat exchange module when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is large, thereby improving the cycle life of the batteries.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery.
A third object of the invention is to propose a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a temperature adjustment system for a vehicle-mounted battery, including: the semiconductor heat exchange module is provided with a heating end and a cooling end and used for providing heating power/cooling power; the plurality of battery thermal management modules selectively exchange heat with a cooling end or a heating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module to form a first heat exchange flow path; each vehicle-mounted air conditioning module comprises a battery cooling branch and a refrigeration branch, each battery cooling branch comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchangers are respectively connected with the battery heat management modules, the heat exchangers and the corresponding battery heat management modules can be selectively conducted to form a second heat exchange flow path, each refrigeration branch comprises a compressor, and the compressors are respectively connected with the heat exchangers in series; and the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the plurality of battery heat management modules and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner.
According to the temperature adjusting system of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperatures of the batteries are obtained through the controller, whether the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than the preset temperature threshold value or not is judged, and when the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the batteries are balanced. Therefore, the system can balance the temperatures of the batteries through the semiconductor heat exchange module when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a temperature adjustment method for a vehicle-mounted battery, including: acquiring the temperatures of the plurality of batteries; judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold value or not; and if the temperature of the battery pack is larger than the preset temperature threshold, balancing the temperatures of the batteries.
According to the temperature adjusting method of the vehicle-mounted battery, the temperatures of the plurality of batteries are obtained, whether the temperature difference among the plurality of batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not is judged, and if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, the temperatures of the plurality of batteries are balanced. Therefore, according to the method, when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, the temperatures of the batteries can be balanced through the semiconductor heat exchange module, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
To achieve the above object, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided according to a third embodiment of the present invention, on which a computer program is stored, the computer program implementing the temperature adjustment method when executed by a processor.
The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the invention first obtains the temperatures of the plurality of batteries, then judges whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold, and balances the temperatures of the plurality of batteries if the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than the preset temperature threshold, so that the temperatures of the plurality of batteries can be balanced by the semiconductor heat exchange module when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which,
FIGS. 1a-1b are block schematic diagrams of a vehicle battery thermostat system according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a control topology of a vehicle battery thermostat system according to one embodiment of the invention;
3a-3b are block schematic diagrams of a vehicle battery thermostat system according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 4a-4b are block schematic diagrams of a vehicle battery thermostat system according to yet another embodiment of the invention
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an outlet according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a method of regulating the temperature of an on-board battery according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of a vehicle-mounted battery according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
A temperature adjustment method, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and a temperature adjustment system of an in-vehicle battery proposed by an embodiment of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1a-1b are block schematic diagrams of a vehicle battery thermostat system according to one embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1a-1b, the system comprises: the system comprises a semiconductor heat exchange module 3, a plurality of battery thermal management modules, a plurality of vehicle-mounted air conditioning modules and a controller (not specifically shown in the figure).
The semiconductor heat exchange module 3 has a heat generating end and a cooling end for providing heating power/cooling power. The plurality of battery thermal management modules selectively exchange heat with the cooling end or the heating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to form a first heat exchange flow path.
Each vehicle-mounted air conditioning module comprises a battery cooling branch and a refrigerating branch, each battery cooling branch comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchangers are respectively connected with the battery heat management modules, the heat exchangers and the corresponding battery heat management modules can be selectively conducted to form a second heat exchange flow path, and each refrigerating branch comprises a compressor. The controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module 3, the battery heat management modules and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and used for obtaining the temperatures of the batteries, judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value or not and balancing the temperatures of the batteries when the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than the preset temperature threshold value.
Further, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery includes a first battery 41 and a second battery 42, the compressor includes a first compressor 11 and a second compressor 12, the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger 21 and a second heat exchanger 22, the battery thermal management module includes a first battery thermal management module 51 and a second battery thermal management module 52, a first end of the first battery thermal management module 51 is connected to a first end of the first heat exchanger 21 and a first end of a heat-emitting end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 through a first three-way valve 61, respectively, and a second end of the first battery thermal management module 51 is connected to a second end of the first heat exchanger 21 and a second end of the heat-emitting end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 through a second three-way valve 62, respectively.
A first end of the second battery thermal management module 52 is connected to a first end of the second heat exchanger 22 and a first end of the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 through a third three-way valve 63, and a second end of the second battery thermal management module 52 is connected to a second end of the second heat exchanger 22 and a second end of the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 through a fourth three-way valve 64.
Further, the controller is used for connecting the batteries with low temperature with the heating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 by controlling the power supply direction, connecting the batteries with high temperature with the cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module 3, and generating balance demand power according to the temperature difference among the batteries and the balance demand target time t so as to balance the temperatures of the batteries according to the balance demand power. The target time t may be preset according to actual conditions, and may be 1 hour, for example.
It is understood that a battery refers to an energy storage device that is mounted on a vehicle and that can be repeatedly charged to provide power output for the vehicle and to provide power to other electrical devices on the vehicle. The battery can be a battery pack or a battery module.
Specifically, the heating power/cooling power required for equalizing the required power, i.e., adjusting the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries to within a predetermined range, for example, within 3 ℃. The semiconductor heat exchange module 3 has a heat-generating end and a cooling end, and the heat-generating end and the cooling end are end-exchanged when the power supply is reversely connected. Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a forward power supply temperature regulation system of a semiconductor heat exchange module 3, and fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of a reverse power supply temperature regulation system of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
As shown in fig. 2, the controller may include a battery manager, a battery thermal management controller, an in-vehicle air conditioning controller, and a semiconductor controller. The battery manager may communicate with a semiconductor Controller via a CAN (Controller Area Network). The battery manager is used for managing the batteries, can detect information such as voltage, current and temperature of each battery, and when the temperature difference between the batteries exceeds a preset temperature threshold value, the battery manager sends battery temperature equalization function starting information to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller, and when the temperature difference between the batteries meets requirements, for example, the temperature difference between the batteries is less than 3 ℃, the battery temperature equalization completion information is sent. The battery manager can also estimate the heating parameters of the power battery according to the current battery temperature and current parameters and the average current within a period of time, and can estimate the equilibrium required power P3 according to the current temperature difference among the batteries and the target time and send the equilibrium required power P3 to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller CAN be in CAN communication with the semiconductor controller and the battery thermal management controller, and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller CAN transmit battery temperature equalization function starting information and equalization required power P3 to the semiconductor controller and the battery thermal management controller after receiving the battery manager.
The semiconductor controller CAN perform CAN communication with the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller and the battery thermal management controller to determine whether the battery temperature equalization function needs to be started, and the semiconductor controller CAN control the power supply direction and power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3. . When a large temperature difference exists between the two batteries, for example, the temperature difference exceeds 8 ℃, the semiconductor controller controls the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to enter a battery temperature equalization working mode. The cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 is connected to the heat exchange flow path of the battery with higher temperature, and the heating end is connected to the heat exchange flow path of the battery with lower temperature, so that the battery with higher temperature is cooled, the battery with lower temperature is heated, heat exchange is performed between the battery with higher temperature and the battery with lower temperature, and the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 improves the heat exchange rate between the batteries. For example, fig. 1a shows that the temperature of the first battery 41 is lower and the temperature of the second battery 42 is higher; fig. 1b shows that the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher and the temperature of the second battery 42 is lower. The temperature balance of the battery can be completed by changing the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3. The battery cooling liquid directly flows into the semiconductor heat exchange module 3, and the heat exchange efficiency of the battery can also be improved. In the process of heating/cooling the battery, the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 also adjusts the heating power/cooling power according to the balance required power in real time so as to complete the temperature balance of the battery within the target time.
The equilibrium power demand P3 includes a heating power demand P3a and a cooling power demand P3b, and when the mass, the internal resistance and the current are the same between the two batteries, the battery manager may be according to the formula:
Figure GDA0002752451430000041
generating a mean cooling demand power P3 b; when heating the battery, the battery manager may:
Figure GDA0002752451430000042
the heating required power P3a is generated. Wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M is the mass of the battery, I is the current of the battery, and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
When the mass, the current and the internal resistances of the two batteries are not equal, taking as an example that the temperature of the first battery 41 is lower, the temperature of the second battery 42 is higher, the first battery 41 needs to be heated, and the second battery 42 needs to be cooled, the battery manager may calculate the heating required power P3a according to the following formula (1) and the cooling required power P3b according to the following formula (2):
Figure GDA0002752451430000043
Figure GDA0002752451430000051
wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M1Mass of the first cell, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first cell, I2Is the mass of the second cell, R1Is the internal resistance of the first electricity, R2The temperature of the first battery 41 is changed to the internal resistance of the second battery
Figure GDA0002752451430000052
The temperature change of the second battery 42 is:
Figure GDA0002752451430000053
in the control method of the formula, the current heat generation of the battery is completely counteracted, so that the battery temperature with higher temperature does not rise in the whole battery temperature balancing process, but the power required by balancing is higher.
Another way of regulating is described below, namely, only considering reducing the temperature difference between the batteries as soon as possible, and not guaranteeing whether the temperature of the batteries will rise. This case is suitable for a case where the battery temperature is not so high and the temperature difference between the batteries is large, and it is not necessary to restrict the temperature of the batteries from rising. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
assuming that the first battery 41 needs to be cooled and the second battery 42 needs to be heated when the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher than that of the second battery 42, the difference of the heat generation power caused by the difference of the currents between the two batteries is as follows
Figure GDA0002752451430000054
The battery manager may calculate the heating required power P3a according to the following formula (3) and the cooling required power P3b according to the formula (4):
Figure GDA0002752451430000055
Figure GDA0002752451430000056
i.e., P3a ═ P3 b.
Wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M1Mass of the first cell, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first cell, I2Is the mass of the second cell, R1Is the internal resistance of the first electricity, R2Is the internal resistance of the second battery
After entering the battery temperature equalization operation mode, the controller may adjust the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 according to the larger value of the heating required power P3a and the cooling required power P3 b. For example, P3a is more than or equal to P3b, the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 operates according to the heating demand power P3 a; if P3a < P3b, semiconductor heat exchange module 3 operates at cooling demand power P3 b. Or the semiconductor heat exchange module adjusts the working power, if P1a is more than or equal to P3b, the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 can operate according to the power which is more than the heating required power P3 a; if P3a < P3b, semiconductor heat exchange module 3 operates at power greater than cooling demand P3 b. Meanwhile, in the process of battery temperature equalization, the heating power of the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is ensured to be more than or equal to P3a, and the cooling power of the cooling end is ensured to be more than or equal to P3b, so that the heating end and the cooling end both meet the requirement of temperature equalization power.
It can be understood that, in the present invention, when the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 is increased, the cooling power of the cooling end and the heating power of the heating end can be increased at the same time.
As shown in fig. 1a-1b, each battery thermal management module includes a pump 502, a first temperature sensor 504, a second temperature sensor 505, and a flow rate sensor 506 disposed on the heat exchange flow path, a heater 501, and a medium container 503; wherein: the pump 502 is used to flow the medium in the heat exchange flow path; the first temperature sensor 504 is used to detect the inlet temperature of the medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor 505 is used to detect the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow rate sensor 506 detects the flow rate of the medium in the heat exchange flow path; the medium container 503 is used for storing and supplying a medium to the heat exchange flow path; the heater 501 is used to heat the medium in the heat exchange flow path. Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller is further configured to: the temperature of the plurality of batteries is acquired, the temperature adjusting system is controlled to enter a cooling mode when the temperature of any one of the batteries is larger than a first temperature threshold value, and the temperature adjusting system is controlled to enter a heating mode when the temperature of any one of the batteries is smaller than a second temperature threshold value. Wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold, for example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ℃ and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ℃.
The controller is also used for acquiring the temperature regulation actual power P2 and the temperature regulation required power P1 of the plurality of batteries, and regulating the temperature of the plurality of batteries according to the temperature regulation actual power P2 and the temperature regulation required power P1 of the plurality of batteries.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the on-board air conditioning module includes a battery cooling branch and a cooling branch, each battery corresponds to one cooling branch, namely a first cooling branch 101 and a second cooling branch 102, and each cooling branch includes a compressor and a condenser 10 for providing cooling power. Each heat exchanger comprises two pipelines, a first pipeline and a second pipeline are mutually independent and arranged adjacently, media in the first pipeline and the second pipeline can exchange heat with each other, so that media (flowing media such as refrigerants, water, oil and air or media such as phase change materials or other chemicals) in the pipelines are mutually independent, the first pipeline is connected with the compressor, the second pipeline is connected with the battery thermal management module, wherein the refrigerants flow in the first pipeline, and the cooling liquid flows in the second pipeline. The first heat exchanger 21 corresponds to the first battery cooling branch 201, the second heat exchanger 22 corresponds to the second battery cooling branch 202, and each battery cooling branch includes an electronic valve and an expansion valve, the opening and closing of each battery cooling branch is controlled by controlling the opening and closing of the electronic valve, and the flow rate of the cooling liquid of the battery cooling branch is controlled by controlling the opening degree of the expansion valve, so as to control the cooling power of the corresponding battery cooling branch.
When the temperature of battery was too high, the on-vehicle air conditioner refrigeration function of controller control was opened, and battery cooling function starts, and the flow direction of coolant liquid in refrigerant and the second pipeline respectively is in the first pipeline: compressor-condenser-electronic valve-expansion valve-heat exchanger-compressor; the heat exchanger-battery heat management module-battery heat management module-heat exchanger. Of course, when the temperature of the battery is low, the battery heating function is turned on, the heater is turned on, and the heater heats the cooling liquid to provide heating power while keeping the electronic valve closed.
In the process of cooling the battery, the controller also obtains a temperature regulation required power P1 and a temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery in real time, wherein the temperature regulation required power P1 is the power required to be supplied to the battery for regulating the temperature of the battery to a set target temperature within a target time, and the battery temperature regulation actual power P2 is the actual power, the target temperature and the target time obtained by the battery when the temperature of the battery is currently regulated, and can be preset according to the actual condition of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, when the battery is cooled, the target temperature can be set to about 35 ℃, and the target time can be set to 1 hour. The controller can adjust the refrigerating power of the compressor according to the temperature adjusting required power P1 and the temperature adjusting actual power P2 of the battery, so that the temperature of the battery can be adjusted within a target time, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained within a preset range, and the situation that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to overhigh or overlow temperature is avoided.
How to obtain the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 and the temperature-adjustment required power P1 of the battery is described below with reference to specific embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the controller may be configured to obtain a first parameter when the battery is turned on for temperature adjustment and generate a first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameter, and obtain a second parameter when the battery is temperature adjusted and generate a second temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the second parameter, and generate a temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery according to the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery and the second temperature adjustment required power of the battery, respectively.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameter is an initial temperature and a target temperature at which the battery-on temperature is adjusted and a target time T from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the controller acquires a first temperature difference Δ T between the initial temperature and the target temperature1And according to the first temperature difference DeltaT1And the target time t generates the first temperature regulation required power.
Further, the controller generates the first temperature regulation required power by the following formula (7):
ΔT1*C*M/t (7)，
wherein, Delta T1Is a first temperature difference between the initial temperature and the target temperature, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery 4, and M is the mass of the battery 4.
The second parameter is the average current I of the battery 4 in the preset time, and the controller generates the second temperature regulation required power through the following formula (8):
I2*R， (8)，
wherein I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
Specifically, the charge and discharge current parameters of the battery can be detected by the current hall sensor, and the controller can estimate the average current of the battery according to the current parameters of the battery in a period of time.
When the battery is cooled, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t+I2R; when the battery is heated, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2*R。
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller generates the second temperature difference Δ according to the inlet temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 504 and the outlet temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 505, respectivelyT2And according to the second temperature difference DeltaT of each battery2And the flow rate v detected by the flow rate sensor 506 generates the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 of the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 is generated by the following formula: p2 ═ Δ T2C m, wherein Δ T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the medium in the flow path, m is the mass of the medium flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the medium, ρ is the density of the medium, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
Specifically, after the vehicle is powered on, the controller judges whether the battery needs to be temperature-regulated, if the temperature of a certain battery is too high or too low, the temperature regulation function is started, low-rotation-speed information is sent to the pump, and the pump starts to work at a default rotation speed (such as a low rotation speed). Then, the controller obtains an initial temperature (i.e., a current temperature) of each battery, a target temperature, and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, where the target temperature and the target time t may be preset according to an actual situation, and may calculate a first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to formula (7). Meanwhile, the controller obtains the average current I of each battery in a preset time, and may calculate the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to equation (8). Then, the controller may calculate a temperature adjustment required power P1 (i.e., a required power for adjusting the temperature of the battery to a target temperature for a target time) from the first temperature adjustment required power and the second temperature adjustment required power of each battery, where P1 is Δ T when cooling the battery1*C*M/t+I2R, when the cell is heated, P1 ═ Δ T1*C*M/t-I2R. The controller acquires temperature information detected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, respectively, and also acquires flow rate information detected by the flow rate sensors, according to the formula P2 ═ Δ T2C m may calculate the temperature regulated actual power P2 for each cell.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature adjustment system further includes: and the battery state detection module is electrically connected with the controller and is used for detecting the current of the vehicle-mounted battery. The battery state detection module may be a current hall sensor.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the controller in the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery may include: the battery thermal management controller CAN be electrically connected with the first temperature sensor 504, the second temperature sensor 505 and the flow rate sensor 506, CAN be in CAN communication with the pump 502 and the heater 501, CAN obtain temperature adjustment actual power P2 according to the specific heat capacity of the medium, the density of the medium and the cross-sectional area of a flow path, CAN control the rotating speed of the pump 502 and the power of the heater 501, and CAN be in CAN communication with the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller. The battery manager is used for managing the battery, detecting information such as voltage, current and temperature of the battery, acquiring temperature regulation required power P1 according to target temperature and target time t of the battery, specific heat capacity C of the battery, mass M of the battery, internal resistance R and current I of the battery, and performing CAN communication with the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller, so that the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller CAN regulate the power of the compressor and the opening degree of the expansion valve according to the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2.
The cooling liquid flows into the battery from the inlet of the flow path and flows out from the outlet of the flow path, so that heat exchange between the battery and the cooling liquid is realized. The pump 502 is primarily used to provide power, the media container 503 is primarily used to store coolant and to receive coolant added to the temperature regulation system, and the coolant in the media container 503 can be automatically replenished when the coolant in the temperature regulation system is reduced. The first temperature sensor 504 is used for detecting the temperature of the cooling fluid at the inlet of the flow path, and the second temperature sensor 505 is used for detecting the temperature of the cooling fluid at the outlet of the flow path. Flow rate sensor 506 is used to detect information about the flow rate of cooling fluid in the piping in the temperature regulation system. That is, the battery thermal management controller adjusts the flow of cooling fluid in the tubes in the system based on the temperature of the flow path inlet cooling fluid detected by the first temperature sensor 504, the temperature of the flow path outlet cooling fluid detected by the second temperature sensor 505, and the temperature detected by the flow rate sensor 506Speed information, according to the formula P2 ═ Δ T2C m, the temperature regulating actual power P2 of each battery can be calculated.
How the vehicle air conditioner adjusts the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 and the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the battery will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature regulation system operates in the cooling mode, the controller is further configured to increase the cooling power of the compressor when the temperature regulation actual power P2 of a certain battery is less than the battery temperature regulation required power P1; when the temperature adjusting system is operated in the heating mode, the controller is also configured to increase the heating power of the heater when the temperature adjusting actual power P2 of a certain battery is less than the battery temperature adjusting required power P1.
That is, in cooling the batteries, if the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of any one of the batteries is less than the battery temperature-adjustment required power P1, the controller may increase the cooling power of the corresponding compressor while increasing the opening degree of the expansion valve to increase the opening degree of the battery cooling branch, thereby increasing the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 so that the batteries can complete temperature adjustment within the target time. When the batteries are heated, if the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of any one of the batteries is less than the battery temperature-adjustment required power P1, the controller may increase the heating power of the corresponding heater 501, thereby increasing the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 so that the batteries can complete temperature adjustment within the target time.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the first heat exchanger 21 corresponds to a first battery cooling branch 201, the second heat exchanger 22 corresponds to a second battery cooling branch 202, and the first battery cooling branch 201 is connected to the first compressor 11, and the second battery cooling branch 202 is connected to the second compressor 12, the controller may further be configured to: when the temperature regulation system is operated in the cooling mode and the temperature of the first battery 41 is greater than the temperature of the second battery 42, the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch 201 may be increased and the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch 202 may be decreased to achieve temperature equalization of the first battery and the second battery, and when the temperature regulation system is operated in the cooling mode and the temperature of the second battery 42 is greater than the temperature of the first battery 41, the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch 202 may be increased and the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch 201 may be decreased to achieve temperature equalization of the first battery and the second battery.
Specifically, if the temperature of one battery is higher than 40 ℃, the cooling function of the temperature regulation system is started, and the battery manager sends the starting information of the cooling function of the battery to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller. The battery manager collects current battery temperature and current parameters, estimates heating parameters of the battery according to average current in a period of time, estimates temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery according to the difference between the current average temperature of the battery pack and the target temperature of the battery and the average current of the battery, and sends the battery cooling required power to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller. While the battery manager sends the number of the battery that needs to be cooled.
If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the first battery 41 is lower than 35 deg.c, the battery manager transmits a cooling completion message of the first battery 41. If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the second battery 42 is lower than 35 deg.c, the battery manager transmits the cooling completion information of the second battery 42. If it is detected that the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher than the temperature of the second battery 42 by more than 3 c, the battery manager transmits a message to increase the cooling power of the first battery 41. If the temperature of the second battery 42 is higher than the temperature of the first battery 41 by more than 3 c, the battery manager transmits a message to increase the battery cooling power of the second battery 42.
And if the battery manager detects that the temperatures of the 2 batteries are lower than 35 ℃, the batteries are cooled completely, and the battery manager sends battery cooling completion information to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner. If the temperature of the battery remains above 35 ℃ after the cooling function has been turned on for 1 hour, the battery manager increases the battery cooling power requirement.
If the temperature of one battery is lower than 0 ℃, the heating function of the temperature regulating system of the vehicle-mounted battery of the temperature regulating system is started. The battery manager collects current battery temperature and current parameters, estimates heating parameters of the battery according to average current within a period of time, estimates temperature regulation required power P1 of the power battery according to a difference value between actual temperature of the battery and target temperature of the battery and the average current of the battery, and sends the temperature regulation required power P1 to the battery thermal management controller, so that the battery thermal management controller controls the heater 501 to perform heating work according to the temperature regulation required power P1.
If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher than 10 deg.c, the battery manager transmits a heating completion message of the first battery 41. If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the second battery 42 is higher than 10 deg.c, the battery manager transmits a heating completion message of the second battery 42. If it is detected that the temperature of the first battery 41 is lower than the temperature of the second battery 4 by more than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends a message to increase the battery heating power of the first battery 41. If it is detected that the temperature of the second battery 42 is lower than the electrical temperature of the first battery 41 by more than 3 c, the battery manager sends a message to increase the heating power of the second battery 42.
And if the battery manager detects that the temperatures of the 2 batteries are higher than 10 ℃, the batteries are heated, and the battery manager sends battery heating completion information to the battery management controller. If the temperature of the battery is still below 10 ℃ after the heating function is turned on for 2 hours, the battery manager increases the heating power of the heater.
If the temperature of the battery is between 0 ℃ and 40 ℃ and the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery 42 exceeds 8 ℃, the battery manager transmits battery temperature equalization function start information. The battery manager collects the temperature difference and the target equalization time between the current batteries, estimates the temperature equalization power required by the battery pack, and sends the battery temperature equalization power demand information, so that the semiconductor controller controls the semiconductor heat exchange module to perform temperature equalization on the batteries according to the battery temperature equalization power demand information. In the starting process of the battery temperature balancing function, if the battery manager detects that the starting condition of the battery heating function is met, the battery manager exits the temperature balancing function and enters the battery heating function. And if the battery manager detects that the starting condition of the battery cooling function is met, the battery manager exits the temperature balancing function and enters the battery cooling function. If the difference between the average temperatures of the first battery 41 and the second battery 42 is less than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends a battery temperature equalization function completion message.
After the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is powered on, if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives battery cooling function starting information sent by the battery manager, the battery cooling function is started, and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller sends the battery cooling function starting information to the battery thermal management controller. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery sent by the battery manager and forwards the information to the battery thermal management controller. During the battery cooling process, the in-vehicle air conditioning controller controls the first electronic valve 213 and the first expansion valve 212 to open. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the water temperature information sent by the battery thermal management controller and the actual temperature regulation power P2 of the battery, and forwards the information to the battery manager and the semiconductor heat exchange module 3. During the cooling of the battery, the on-board air conditioning controller compares the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, and if the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery is smaller than the temperature adjustment required power P1, the on-board air conditioning controller controls to increase the cooling power. If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher than the temperature of the second battery 42 by more than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends message information for increasing the cooling power of the first battery 41 to the vehicle air conditioner, and the vehicle air conditioner controller increases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 of the first battery cooling branch 201 and decreases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 of the second battery cooling branch 202 according to the message information for increasing the cooling power of the first battery 41, so that the cooling power of the first battery 41 is increased, and the cooling power of the second battery 42 is decreased, thereby reducing the battery temperature difference between the batteries. If the temperature of the second battery 42 is higher than the temperature of the first battery 41 by more than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends message information for increasing the battery cooling power of the second battery 42, and the in-vehicle air-conditioning controller increases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 of the second battery cooling branch 202 by the second and decreases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 of the first battery cooling branch 201 according to the message information for increasing the battery cooling power of the second battery 42, so that the cooling power of the first battery 41 is decreased, the cooling power of the second battery 42 is increased, and the battery temperature difference between the batteries is reduced.
In the battery cooling process, if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the cooling completion information of the first battery 41 sent by the battery manager, the first electronic valve 213 of the first battery cooling branch 201 is controlled to be closed. And if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the second battery cooling completion information sent by the battery manager, the first electronic valve 213 of the second battery cooling branch 202 is controlled to be closed. And if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the battery cooling completion information sent by the battery manager, the battery cooling completion information is forwarded to the battery thermal management controller and the semiconductor heat exchange module, and the battery cooling is completed.
Besides, the cooling power can be provided for the battery through the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and the cooling power can also be provided for the battery through the semiconductor heat exchange module.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature adjustment system operates in the cooling mode and the temperature of the first battery is higher than the temperature of the second battery, as shown in fig. 1b, the controller is further configured to control the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the passages of the first to fourth three-way valves 61 to 64 to connect the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to the first heat exchanger 21 and connect the heat emitting end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to the second heat exchanger 22; when the temperature adjusting system operates in the cooling mode and the temperature of the second battery is higher than the temperature of the first battery, as shown in fig. 1a, the controller is further configured to control the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the passages of the first to fourth three-way valves 61 to 64 so as to connect the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to the second heat exchanger 22 and connect the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to the first heat exchanger 21.
Specifically, if the semiconductor controller receives battery cooling function starting information sent by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller, the battery cooling function is started, and the semiconductor controller sends the battery cooling function starting information to the battery thermal management controller. The semiconductor controller receives the temperature regulation required power P1 of each battery sent by the vehicle air conditioner. And the semiconductor controller receives the water temperature information sent by the battery thermal management controller and the temperature of each battery to adjust the actual power. In the process of starting the battery cooling function, if the semiconductor controller receives message information which is sent by the battery manager and used for increasing the battery cooling power of the first battery 41, that is, the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher than that of the second battery 42 by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor controller controls the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to supply power reversely, the battery thermal management controller controls the opening of the channel 1 and the channel 2 of the first three-way valve 61 and the second three-way valve 62, controls the opening of the channel 1 and the opening of the channel 2 of the third three-way valve 63 and the fourth three-way valve 64, so that the cooling end is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery 41, and the heating end is connected to the circulation loop of the second battery 42. If the semiconductor controller receives message information for increasing the cooling power of the second battery 42 sent by the battery manager, that is, the temperature of the second battery 42 is higher than that of the first battery 41 by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor controller controls the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to supply power in the forward direction, the battery thermal management controller controls the opening of the channel 1 and the opening of the channel 2 of the first three-way valve 61 and the second three-way valve 62, and controls the opening of the channel 1 and the channel 2 of the third three-way valve 63 and the fourth three-way valve 64, so that the cooling end is connected to the circulation loop of the second battery 42, and the heating end is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery 41. And if the semiconductor controller does not receive the information, cutting off the power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
If the temperature of one battery is lower than 0 ℃, the heating function of the temperature regulating system is started. When the battery is heated, heating power can be supplied through the semiconductor heat exchange module in addition to the heater 501.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the temperature adjusting system is operated in the heating mode and the temperature of the first battery is lower than the temperature of the second battery, the controller is further configured to control the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the passages of the first to fourth three-way valves 61 to 64 such that the heat generating side of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected to the first heat exchanger 21 and the cooling side of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected to the second heat exchanger 22. When the temperature regulating system works in a heating mode and the temperature of the second battery is lower than that of the first battery, the controller is also used for controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves 61-64 so as to connect the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the second heat exchanger 22 and connect the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the first heat exchanger 21.
Specifically, if the semiconductor controller receives battery heating function starting information sent by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the battery heating function is started, and the semiconductor controller sends the battery heating function starting information to the battery thermal management controller. The semiconductor controller receives the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery sent by the on-vehicle air conditioner. And the semiconductor controller receives information such as water temperature information sent by the battery thermal management controller, temperature adjustment actual power P2 of each power battery and the like. In the process of starting the battery heating function, if the semiconductor controller receives message information for increasing the heating power of the first battery 41 sent by the battery manager, that is, the temperature of the first battery 41 is lower than that of the second battery 4 by more than 3 ℃, the controller controls the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to supply power in the forward direction, the channels 1 and 2 of the first three-way valve 61 and the second three-way valve 62 are opened, the channels 1 and 2 of the third three-way valve 63 and the fourth three-way valve 64 are opened, so that the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery 41, and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected to the circulation loop of the second battery 42. If the semiconductor controller receives message information of increasing the heating power of the second battery 42 sent by the battery manager, the controller controls the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to supply power reversely, the channel 1 of the first three-way valve 61 and the second three-way valve 62 is opened, the channel 2 is closed, the channel 1 of the third three-way valve 63 and the fourth three-way valve 64 is opened, the channel 2 is closed, so that the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected into the circulation loop of the second battery 42, and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected into the circulation loop of the first battery 41. And if the semiconductor controller does not receive the information, cutting off the power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
During the heating process of the semiconductor heater, if the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, the semiconductor heat exchange module increases the heating power.
It will be appreciated that when the cooling function is activated, the heater 501 is turned off. When the heating function is started, the heater 501 is turned on and the first electronic valve 213 is closed.
As shown in fig. 3a-3b, the semiconductor heat exchange module may further include a heat exchange fan (a third fan and a fourth fan), the heat exchange fan is disposed corresponding to the heat-generating end and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module, the third fan is disposed corresponding to the cooling end in the figure, and the fourth fan is disposed corresponding to the heat-generating end. When the batteries are cooled and the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery, the controller is further configured to change the power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3, control the first to fourth three-way valves 61 to 64 to connect the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the first heat exchanger 21, and control the fourth fan to operate, as shown in fig. 3 b; when the batteries are cooled and the temperature of the second battery is higher than that of the first battery, the controller is further configured to change the power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module 3, control the first to fourth three-way valves 61 to 64 to connect the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the second heat exchanger 22, and control the third fan to operate, as shown in fig. 3 a.
The main difference between fig. 1a-1b and fig. 3a-3b is that a heat exchange fan is added in fig. 3a-3b, and in the scheme in fig. 1a-1b, two batteries need to be simultaneously connected into a circulation loop at one end of a semiconductor heat exchange module to realize temperature equalization, that is, one battery needs to be heated, the other battery needs to be cooled simultaneously, and fig. 1a-1b can quickly realize temperature equalization between the batteries. And 3a-3b, only one of the batteries can be controlled to be connected into the temperature equalization loop, and the other end of the battery is subjected to heat exchange with the external environment through the fan, that is, if the temperature of the first battery is higher, the first battery 41 can be connected into the cooling end alone, and the second battery 42 does not need to be connected into the heating loop, and the scheme of fig. 3a-3b can enable the second battery 42 to complete cooling more quickly.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3a-3b, after the semiconductor heat exchange module is powered on, if the semiconductor controller receives battery cooling function starting information sent by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller, the battery cooling function is started, and the semiconductor controller sends the battery cooling function starting information to the battery thermal management controller. The semiconductor controller receives the temperature regulation required power P1 of each battery sent by the in-vehicle air conditioning controller. And the semiconductor controller receives the water temperature information sent by the battery thermal management controller and the temperature of each battery to adjust the actual power. In the process of starting the battery cooling function, if the semiconductor controller receives message information sent by the battery manager and used for increasing the battery cooling power of the first battery 41, that is, the temperature of the first battery 41 is higher than that of the second battery 42 by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor controller controls the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to supply power reversely, the controller controls the channels 1 and 2 of the first three-way valve 61 and the second three-way valve 62 to be opened, the second battery heat management module 12 controls the channels 1 of the third three-way valve 63 and the fourth three-way valve 64 to be closed, and the channel 2 is opened, so that the cooling end is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery 41, and the fourth fan is controlled to start working at the same time. If the semiconductor controller receives message information for increasing the cooling power of the second battery 42 sent by the battery manager, that is, the temperature of the second battery 42 is higher than that of the first battery 41 by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor controller controls the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to supply power in the forward direction, the first battery heat management module 11 controls the channels 1 and 2 of the first three-way valve 61 and the second three-way valve 62 to be closed and the channels 2 to be opened, and controls the channels 1 and 2 of the third three-way valve 63 and the fourth three-way valve 64 to be opened, so that the cooling end is connected to the circulation loop of the second battery 42, and the third fan is controlled to start working. And if the semiconductor heat management module does not receive the information, the power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module is cut off.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3a-3b, when the batteries are heated and the temperature of the first battery is lower than the temperature of the second battery by more than 3 ℃, as shown in fig. 3a, the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 is controlled to supply power in the forward direction, the controller controls the channels 1 of the first three-way valve 71 and the second three-way valve 72 to be opened, the channel 2 to be closed, the fourth fan to be operated, and controls the channels 1 of the third three-way valve 73 and the fourth three-way valve 74 to be closed and the channel 2 to be closed, so that the heat-generating end is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery 41. And if the temperature of the second battery is less than the temperature of the first battery by more than 3 ℃, as shown in fig. 3b, controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 to supply power reversely, controlling the channels 1 and 2 of the first three-way valve 71 and the second three-way valve 72 to be closed, and controlling the channels 1 and 2 of the third three-way valve 73 and the fourth three-way valve 74 to be opened and closed, so that the heat-generating end is connected to the circulation loop of the second battery 41.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4a-4b, the system described above may further include an in-vehicle cooling branch, the in-vehicle cooling branch includes a first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and a second in-vehicle cooling branch 302, and each of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 includes: and an evaporator 31, wherein the evaporator in the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is connected to the first heat exchanger 21 and the first compressor 11, respectively, and the evaporator 31 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 is connected to the second compressor 12 and the first compressor 11, respectively. The in-vehicle cooling branch comprises a first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and a second in-vehicle cooling branch 302, the controller is further configured to reduce the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 when the temperature of the battery reaches a third preset temperature, increase the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch 201 and the second battery cooling branch 202 at the same time, and further judge whether the temperature in the vehicle compartment reaches an air conditioner set temperature when the temperature of the battery reaches the third preset temperature, wherein if the air conditioner set temperature is reached, the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 is reduced, and the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch 201 and the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch 202 are increased at the same time. The third preset temperature may be preset according to actual conditions, and may be, for example, 45 ℃.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 corresponds to the first air outlet 100 and the second air outlet 200 in the vehicle compartment, and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 corresponds to the third air outlet 300 and the fourth air outlet 400 in the vehicle compartment, and the controller is further configured to: when the temperatures of the first outlet 100 and the second outlet 200 are higher than the temperatures of the third outlet 300 and the fourth outlet 400, the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is increased and the opening degree of the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 is decreased, and when the temperatures of the first outlet 100 and the second outlet 200 are lower than the temperatures of the third outlet 300 and the fourth outlet 400, the opening degree of the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 is increased and the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is decreased.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4a-4b, each in-vehicle cooling branch includes: the evaporator 31, the second electronic valve 32, and the second expansion valve 33 are connected in series with each other, and the in-vehicle cooling branch is connected to the corresponding refrigeration branch. The second electronic valve 32 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding in-vehicle cooling branch, and the second expansion valve 33 is used for controlling the opening of the corresponding in-vehicle cooling branch. When cooling is needed in the compartment, the controller controls the second electronic valve 32 to open.
After the vehicle-mounted air conditioner is powered on, if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives battery cooling function starting information sent by the battery manager, the battery cooling function is started, and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner sends the battery cooling function starting information to the battery thermal management controller. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the battery cooling power demand information (temperature regulation demand power P1) sent by the battery manager and forwards the information to the battery thermal management controller. In the battery cooling process, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the water temperature information and the power battery pack actual cooling power information (temperature adjustment actual power P2) sent by the battery thermal management controller and forwards the information to the battery manager. In the process of cooling the battery, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller compares the battery cooling demand power with the actual battery cooling power information, if the actual battery temperature regulation power P2 is smaller than the battery temperature regulation demand power P1, whether the temperature of the battery reaches 45 ℃ (higher temperature) is judged, if the temperature of the battery reaches 45 ℃, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller reduces the opening degree of the second expansion valve 33, increases the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212, reduces the refrigerant flow of the in-vehicle cooling branch, increases the refrigerant flow of the battery cooling branch, and adjusts the cooling capacity distribution of the battery cooling and the in-vehicle cooling. And the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller compares the temperature regulation actual power of the first cooling branch 201 and the second cooling branch 202 in real time, if the sum of the temperature regulation actual power P2 of a certain cooling branch is less than the sum of the temperature regulation required power P1 of two batteries, the opening degree of the second expansion valve 33 is reduced, the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 is increased, and if the sum of the temperature regulation actual power P2 of two cooling branch circuits is more than or equal to the sum of the temperature regulation required power P1 of the two batteries, the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 is reduced, or the current expansion valve opening degree is kept unchanged.
If the temperature of all the batteries is not higher than 45 ℃, judging whether the temperature in the carriage reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner, if so, reducing the opening degree of the second expansion valve 33, increasing the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 and adjusting the refrigerant flow of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller. If the temperature in the carriage does not reach the set temperature of the air conditioner, the requirement of the refrigerating capacity in the vehicle is met preferentially. In the battery cooling process, if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner receives the battery cooling completion information sent by the battery manager, the battery cooling completion information is forwarded to the battery thermal management controller, and the battery cooling is completed.
The average temperature of the battery is subjected to hierarchical treatment, and the threshold values of temperature control are 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 35 ℃. When the temperature of any battery is higher than 40 ℃, the battery cooling function of the corresponding battery is started, when the temperature of all batteries reaches 35 ℃, the battery cooling is finished, and when the temperature of any battery reaches 45 ℃ higher temperature, the cooling capacity requirement of the battery cooling is preferentially met. In addition, when the sum of the actual power for temperature regulation of the battery is smaller than the sum of the power required for temperature regulation of the battery, if the average temperature of the battery does not exceed 45 ℃, the demand for cooling capacity in the vehicle cabin is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle cabin is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the cooling power of the battery is increased.
In the starting process of the battery cooling function, if the air conditioner needs to be started in the compartment, the ambient temperature in the compartment needs to be monitored and controlled, so that the ambient temperature at each position in the compartment keeps balanced, and meanwhile, the requirement of battery cooling can be met. As shown in fig. 2, when the on-board air conditioning controller detects that the air temperatures in the vicinity of the first air outlet 100 and the second air outlet 200 are higher than the air temperatures in the vicinity of the third air outlet 300 and the fourth air outlet 400 by more than 3 ℃, the on-board air conditioning controller controls the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 in the first battery cooling branch 201 to decrease, the opening degree of the second expansion valve 33 in the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 to increase, so that the cooling power of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 increases, the on-board air conditioning controller controls the opening degree of the second expansion valve 33 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 to decrease, the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 in the second battery cooling branch 202 to increase, so that the cooling power of the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 decreases, the cooling power of the battery cooling branches is generally maintained, and the air temperatures in the vicinity.
When the on-board air conditioning controller detects that the air temperatures in the vicinity of the third outlet 300 and the fourth outlet 400 are higher than the air temperatures in the vicinity of the first outlet 100 and the second outlet 200 by more than 3 ℃, the on-board air conditioning controller controls the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 in the second battery cooling branch 202 to decrease, the opening degree of the second expansion valve 33 in the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 to increase, so that the cooling capacity of the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 increases, and the on-board air conditioning controller controls the opening degree of the second expansion valve 33 in the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 to decrease, the opening degree of the first expansion valve 212 in the first battery cooling branch 201 to increase, so that the cooling capacity of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 decreases. When the on-board air conditioning controller detects that the difference between the air temperatures in the areas near the first outlet 100 and the second outlet 200 and the air temperatures in the areas near the third outlet 300 and the fourth outlet 400 is within 3 ℃, the opening degrees of the second expansion valves 33 in the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 and the second in-vehicle cooling branch 302 are kept unchanged.
In summary, according to the temperature adjustment system for the vehicle-mounted battery in the embodiment of the invention, the controller obtains the temperatures of the plurality of batteries, determines whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than the preset temperature threshold, and balances the temperatures of the plurality of batteries when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than the preset temperature threshold. Therefore, the system can balance the temperatures of the batteries through the semiconductor heat exchange module when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged. Therefore, the system can balance the temperatures of the batteries through the semiconductor heat exchange module when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged. And the temperature of the battery can be adjusted according to the actual temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to too high or too low temperature is avoided.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a temperature adjustment method of an in-vehicle battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1a to 1b, the vehicle-mounted battery temperature adjustment system includes: the semiconductor heat exchange module is provided with a heating end and a cooling end and used for providing heating power/cooling power; the plurality of battery thermal management modules selectively exchange heat with a cooling end or a heating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module to form a first heat exchange flow path; each vehicle-mounted air conditioning module comprises a battery cooling branch and a refrigeration branch, each battery cooling branch comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchangers are respectively connected with the battery heat management modules, the heat exchangers and the corresponding battery heat management modules can be selectively conducted to form a second heat exchange flow path, and each refrigeration branch comprises a compressor; and the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the plurality of battery heat management modules and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner. As shown in fig. 6, the temperature adjusting method includes the steps of:
and S1, acquiring the temperatures of the batteries.
And S2, judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value. The preset temperature threshold may be preset according to actual conditions, and may be 8 ℃.
And S3, if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, equalizing the temperatures of the plurality of batteries.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the battery includes a first battery and a second battery, the compressor includes a first compressor and a second compressor, the battery thermal management module includes a first battery thermal management module and a second battery thermal management module, the heat exchanger includes a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, a first end of the first battery thermal management module is connected to a first end of the first heat exchanger and a first end of a heat-generating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively through a first three-way valve, a second end of the first battery thermal management module is connected to a second end of the first heat exchanger and a second end of the heat-generating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively through a second three-way valve, a first end of the second battery thermal management module is connected to a first end of the second heat exchanger and a first end of a cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module respectively through a third three-way valve, and the second end of the second battery heat management module is respectively connected with the second end of the second heat exchanger and the second end of the cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a fourth three-way valve. Wherein, equalizing the temperatures of the plurality of cells specifically includes:
controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module to connect the battery with low temperature with the heating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module and connect the battery with high temperature with the cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module; generating equilibrium demand power according to the temperature difference among the batteries and the equilibrium demand target time; and balancing the temperatures of the plurality of batteries according to the balancing required power control. The target time t may be preset according to actual conditions, and may be 1 hour, for example.
Specifically, the heating power/cooling power required for equalizing the required power, i.e., adjusting the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries to within a predetermined range, for example, within 3 ℃. The semiconductor heat exchange module is provided with a heating end and a cooling end, and the heating end and the cooling end are exchanged when the power supply is reversely connected. Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a semiconductor heat exchange module forward power supply temperature regulation system, and fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of a semiconductor heat exchange module reverse power supply temperature regulation system.
When a large temperature difference exists between the two batteries, for example, the temperature difference exceeds 8 ℃, then the battery temperature equalization operation mode is entered. The cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected into the heat exchange flow path of the battery with higher temperature, and the heating end is connected into the heat exchange flow path of the battery with lower temperature, so that the battery with higher temperature is cooled, the battery with lower temperature is heated, heat exchange is carried out between the battery with higher temperature and the battery with lower temperature, and the semiconductor heat exchange module improves the heat exchange rate between the batteries. For example, FIG. 1a shows a first cell with a lower temperature and a second cell with a higher temperature; fig. 1b shows that the temperature of the first cell is higher and the temperature of the second cell is lower. The semiconductor heat exchange module can complete the temperature balance of the battery by changing the power supply direction. The battery cooling liquid directly flows into the semiconductor heat exchange module, and the heat exchange efficiency of the battery can also be improved. In the process of heating/cooling the battery, the semiconductor heat exchange module adjusts the heating power/cooling power according to the balance required power in real time so as to complete the temperature balance of the battery within the target time.
The equilibrium required power P3 includes a heating required power P3a and a cooling required power P3b, and when the mass, the internal resistance and the current are the same between the two batteries, when the batteries are cooled, the balance required power P3 can be calculated according to the following formula:
Figure GDA0002752451430000171
generating a mean cooling demand power P3 b; when heating the battery, the battery manager may:
Figure GDA0002752451430000172
the heating required power P3a is generated. Wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M is the mass of the battery, I is the current of the battery, and R is the internal resistance of the battery.
When the mass, the current, and the internal resistances of the two batteries are not equal, taking as an example that the temperature of the first battery 41 is low, the temperature of the second battery 42 is high, the first battery 41 needs to be heated, and the second battery 42 needs to be cooled, the heating required power P3a may be calculated according to the following formula (1) and the cooling required power P3b may be calculated according to the following formula (2):
Figure GDA0002752451430000181
Figure GDA0002752451430000182
wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M1Mass of the first cell, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first cell, I2Is the mass of the second cell, R1Is the internal resistance of the first electricity, R2The temperature of the first battery 41 is changed to the internal resistance of the second battery
Figure GDA0002752451430000183
The temperature change of the second battery 42 is:
Figure GDA0002752451430000184
when M is1＝M2＝M，R1＝R2＝R，I1＝I2When the carbon black is equal to I,
Figure GDA0002752451430000185
Figure GDA0002752451430000186
in the control method of the formula, the current heat generation of the battery is completely counteracted, so that the battery temperature with higher temperature does not rise in the whole battery temperature balancing process, but the power required by balancing is higher.
Another way of regulating is described below, namely, only considering reducing the temperature difference between the batteries as soon as possible, and not guaranteeing whether the temperature of the batteries will rise. This case is suitable for a case where the battery temperature is not so high and the temperature difference between the batteries is large, and it is not necessary to restrict the temperature of the batteries from rising. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
if the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery, the first battery needs to be cooled and the second battery needs to be heated, the difference of the heating power caused by the difference of the current between the two batteries is as follows
Figure GDA0002752451430000187
The heating required power P3a and the cooling required power P3b may be calculated according to the following formula (3) and formula (4):
Figure GDA0002752451430000188
Figure GDA0002752451430000189
i.e., P3a ═ P3 b.
Wherein, Delta T1Is the temperature difference between two batteries, t is the target time, C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M1Mass of the first cell, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first cell, I2Is the mass of the second cell, R1Is the internal resistance of the first electricity, R2Is the internal resistance of the second battery
And after entering a battery temperature balancing working mode, controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module to perform temperature balancing regulation according to the larger value of the heating required power P3a and the cooling required power P3 b. For example, P3a is more than or equal to P3b, the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled to operate according to the heating required power P3 a; if P3a < P3b, the semiconductor heat exchange module 2 operates according to the cooling demand power P3 b. Or the semiconductor heat exchange module adjusts the working power, if P3a is more than or equal to P3b, the semiconductor heat exchange module can operate according to the power which is more than the heating required power P3 a; if P3a < P3b, the semiconductor heat exchange module operates according to the power P3b which is larger than the cooling demand. Meanwhile, in the process of battery temperature equalization, the heating power of the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is ensured to be more than or equal to P3a, and the cooling power of the cooling end is ensured to be more than or equal to P3b, so that the heating end and the cooling end both meet the requirement of temperature equalization power.
It can be understood that, in the invention, when the power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased, the cooling power of the cooling end and the heating power of the heating end can be simultaneously increased.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the temperature adjustment method of the vehicle-mounted battery may further include:
s10, the temperatures of the first battery and the second battery are acquired.
S20, it is determined whether the temperature of a certain battery is greater than the first temperature threshold.
S30, if the temperature of any one of the batteries is greater than the first temperature threshold, entering a cooling mode.
S40, if the temperatures of all the batteries are less than or equal to the first preset threshold, further determining whether the temperature of a certain battery is less than the second temperature threshold.
And S50, if the temperature of any battery is less than the second temperature threshold value, entering a heating mode. Wherein the first temperature threshold is greater than the second temperature threshold, for example, the first temperature threshold may be 40 ℃ and the second temperature threshold may be 0 ℃.
S60, if the temperatures of all the batteries are greater than or equal to the second temperature threshold and less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, it is determined whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold.
And S70, if the temperature difference among the plurality of batteries is larger than a preset temperature threshold value, entering a temperature equalization mode.
Specifically, when the temperature of a certain battery is high, for example, higher than 40 ℃, the temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a cooling mode, and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner and the battery thermal management module start to work. The corresponding electronic opening is controlled, for example the temperature of the first battery is higher than 40 ℃, then the first electronic valve of the first battery cooling branch is controlled to open. When the temperature of a certain battery is lower, the temperature regulating system of the vehicle-mounted battery enters a heating mode, the battery thermal management module starts to work, and the heater is started to heat the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a to 1b, each of the battery thermal management modules includes a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a flow rate sensor, a medium container, and a heater provided on a heat exchange flow path; wherein: the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow; the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of a medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery; the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery; the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path. The medium container is used for storing and providing the medium for the heat exchange flow path. The heater is used for heating the medium in the cooling pipeline to provide heating power, and the temperature of the battery is adjusted when the temperature of the battery is low. The above method may further include: acquiring the temperature regulation actual power P2 and the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery, and regulating the temperature of the battery according to the temperature regulation actual power P2 and the temperature regulation required power P1.
Specifically, during the process of cooling the battery, the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery are also obtained in real time, wherein the temperature regulation required power P1 is the power required to be supplied to the battery for regulating the temperature of the battery to the set target temperature within the target time, and the battery temperature regulation actual power P2 is the actual power, the target temperature and the target time obtained by the battery when the battery is currently subjected to temperature regulation, and can be preset according to the actual condition of the vehicle-mounted battery, for example, when the battery is cooled, the target temperature can be set to about 35 ℃, and the target time can be set to 1 hour. The battery thermal management module CAN be in CAN communication with a vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner CAN adjust the refrigeration power according to the temperature adjustment required power P1 and the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of the battery, so that the temperature of the battery CAN be adjusted within a target time, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained within a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to overhigh or overlow temperature is avoided.
How to obtain the temperature-regulation required power P1 and the temperature-regulation actual power P2 of the battery is described below with reference to specific embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, obtaining the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery specifically includes: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a first parameter when the starting temperature of each battery is adjusted, and generating first temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to the first parameter. And acquiring a second parameter of each battery during temperature adjustment, and generating a second temperature adjustment required power of each battery according to each second parameter. The temperature-regulation required power P1 for each battery is generated based on the first temperature-regulation required power for each battery and each second temperature-regulation required power for the battery.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first parameters are an initial temperature and a target temperature when the battery is turned on and a target time t from the initial temperature to the target temperature, and the generating the first temperature adjustment required power of the battery according to the first parameters specifically includes: a first temperature difference Delta T between an initial temperature and a target temperature is obtained1. According to the first temperature difference Delta T1And the target time t generates the first temperature regulation required power.
Still further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature regulation required power is generated by the following formula (1):
ΔT1*C*M/t， (1)
wherein, Delta T1Is a first temperature difference between an initial temperature and a target temperature, t is a target time, C is a specific heat capacity of the battery, and M is a mass of the battery.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the second parameter is an average current I of the battery cell in a preset time, and the second temperature regulation required power of the battery is generated by the following formula (2):
I2*R， (2)
wherein I is the average current and R is the internal resistance of the battery. The current of each battery can be detected by a current hall sensor to obtain the average current I of the battery over a period of time.
Wherein the temperature regulation required power of each battery is equal to Δ T when the batteries are cooled1*C*M/t+I2R; the power demand for temperature regulation of each battery is equal to Δ T when the batteries are heated1*C*M/t-I2*R。
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the obtaining the temperature-regulated actual power P2 of the battery specifically includes: the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the flow path for adjusting the temperature of each cell are acquired, and the flow velocity v of the coolant flowing into the flow path is acquired, respectively. Generating a second temperature difference Δ T according to an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature of a flow path of the battery, respectively2. According to the second temperature difference Delta T of each battery2And flow velocity vThe temperature-regulated actual power P2 for each cell is generated.
Further, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-regulated actual power is further generated according to the following formula (3):
ΔT2*c*m， (3)
wherein, Delta T2And c is the specific heat capacity of the cooling liquid in the flow path, m is the mass of the cooling liquid flowing through the cross-sectional area of the flow path in unit time, wherein m is v ρ s, v is the flow velocity of the cooling liquid, ρ is the density of the cooling liquid, and s is the cross-sectional area of the flow path.
Specifically, the coolant flows into the interior of the battery from the inlet of the flow path and flows out from the outlet of the flow path, thereby achieving heat exchange between the battery and the coolant. Detecting the temperature of the cooling liquid at the inlet of the flow path, the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the flow path and the flow speed information of the cooling liquid in the pipeline according to the formula delta T2C m, the temperature regulation actual power of each battery can be calculated. According to a first temperature difference Delta T between an initial temperature and a target temperature of a battery1A target time T for cooling the battery, a specific heat capacity C of the battery, a mass M of the battery, an average current I of the battery, an internal resistance R of the battery according to a formula delta T1*C*M/t+I2R or Delta T1*C*M/t-I2R, the required power for temperature regulation of each cell can be calculated.
How to adjust the temperature of the battery according to the temperature-adjusted actual power P2 and the temperature-adjusted required power P1 of the battery will be described below with reference to specific embodiments.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, adjusting the temperature of the plurality of batteries according to the temperature adjustment actual power P2 and the temperature adjustment required power P1 of the plurality of batteries specifically includes: judging whether the temperature regulation required power P1 of each battery is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2; when in the cooling mode, if the temperature-adjustment required power P1 of a certain battery is greater than the temperature-adjustment actual power P2, the power of the corresponding compressor is increased. When in the heating mode, if the temperature regulation required power P1 of a certain battery is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, the heating power of the heater for heating the medium in the flow path is increased.
That is, in cooling the batteries, if the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 of any one of the batteries is less than the battery temperature-adjustment required power P1, the cooling power of the corresponding compressor may be increased while increasing the opening degree of the expansion valve to increase the opening degree of the battery cooling branch, thereby increasing the temperature-adjustment actual power P2 so that the batteries can complete temperature adjustment within the target time. When the battery is heated, if the temperature adjustment actual power P2 of any one battery is less than the battery temperature adjustment required power P1, the heating power of the corresponding heater may be increased, thereby increasing the temperature adjustment actual power P2 so that the battery may complete the temperature adjustment within the target time.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, the first heat exchanger corresponds to a first battery cooling branch, the second heat exchanger corresponds to a second battery cooling branch, and the first battery cooling branch is connected to the first compressor, and the second battery cooling branch is connected to the second compressor, the method further comprising: when the cooling mode is adopted and the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery, the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch is increased and the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch is decreased; when the cooling mode is adopted and the temperature of the second battery is higher than that of the first battery, the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch is increased and the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch is decreased.
Specifically, if the temperature of one battery is higher than 40 ℃, the cooling function of the battery thermal management system is started, and the battery manager sends the starting information of the cooling function of the battery to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner. The battery manager collects current battery temperature and current parameters, estimates heating parameters of the battery according to average current in a period of time, estimates temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery according to the difference between the current average temperature of the battery pack and the target temperature of the battery and the average current of the battery, and sends the battery cooling required power to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller. While the battery manager sends the number of the battery that needs to be cooled.
If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the first battery is lower than 35 ℃, the battery manager transmits a first battery cooling completion message. If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the second battery is lower than 35 ℃, the battery manager transmits cooling completion information of the second battery. And if the temperature of the first battery is detected to be higher than that of the second battery by more than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends message information for increasing the cooling power of the first battery. And if the temperature of the second battery is higher than that of the first battery by more than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends message information for increasing the battery cooling power of the second battery.
And if the battery manager detects that the temperatures of the batteries are lower than 35 ℃, the batteries are cooled completely, and the battery manager sends battery cooling completion information to the vehicle-mounted air conditioner. If the temperature of the battery remains above 35 ℃ after the cooling function has been turned on for 1 hour, the battery manager increases the battery cooling power requirement.
If the temperature of one battery is lower than 0 ℃, the heating function of the temperature regulating system is started. The battery manager collects current battery temperature and current parameters, estimates heating parameters of the battery according to average current within a period of time, estimates temperature regulation required power P1 of the power battery according to a difference value between actual temperature of the battery and target temperature of the battery and the average current of the battery, and sends the temperature regulation required power P1 to the battery thermal management controller so as to control a heater to perform heating work according to the temperature regulation required power P1.
If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the first battery is higher than 10 ℃, the battery manager transmits first battery heating completion information. If the battery manager detects that the temperature of the second battery is higher than 10 ℃, the battery manager transmits second battery heating completion information. And if the temperature of the first battery is detected to be lower than the temperature of the second battery by more than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends message information for increasing the battery heating power of the first battery. And if the temperature of the second battery is detected to be lower than the electric temperature of the first battery by more than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends message information for increasing the heating power of the second battery.
And if the battery manager detects that the temperatures of the batteries are all higher than 10 ℃, the batteries are heated completely, and the battery manager sends battery heating completion information to the battery management controller. If the temperature of the battery is still below 10 ℃ after the heating function is turned on for 2 hours, the battery manager increases the heating power of the heater.
And if the temperature of the battery is between 0 ℃ and 40 ℃ and the difference between the temperatures of the first battery and the second battery exceeds 8 ℃, the battery manager sends battery temperature equalization function starting information. The battery manager collects the temperature difference and the target equalization time between the current batteries, estimates the temperature equalization power required by the battery pack, and sends the battery temperature equalization power demand information, so that the semiconductor heat exchange module performs temperature equalization on the batteries according to the battery temperature equalization power demand information. In the starting process of the battery temperature balancing function, if the battery manager detects that the starting condition of the battery heating function is met, the battery manager exits the temperature balancing function and enters the battery heating function. And if the battery manager detects that the starting condition of the battery cooling function is met, the battery manager exits the temperature balancing function and enters the battery cooling function. And if the difference between the average temperatures of the first battery and the second battery is less than 3 ℃, the battery manager sends battery temperature balancing function completion information.
And if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the battery cooling function starting information, the battery cooling function is started, and the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller sends the battery cooling function starting information to the battery thermal management controller. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery sent by the battery manager and forwards the information to the battery thermal management controller. During the cooling of the battery, the on-board air conditioning controller controls the first electronic valve and the first expansion valve to open. The vehicle-mounted air conditioner receives the water temperature information sent by the battery thermal management controller and the actual temperature regulation power P2 of the battery and forwards the information to the battery manager. In the process of cooling the batteries, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller compares the temperature regulation required power P1 and the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the batteries, and if the temperature regulation actual power P2 of the battery of a certain battery is smaller than the temperature regulation required power P1, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller controls the refrigeration power of a corresponding compressor to be increased. If it is detected that the temperature of the first battery is higher than the temperature of the second battery by more than 3 deg.C, the opening degree of the first expansion valve of the first battery cooling branch is increased and the opening degree of the first expansion valve of the second battery cooling branch is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery is increased and the cooling power of the second battery is decreased, thereby reducing the battery temperature difference between the batteries. If the temperature of the second battery is higher than the temperature of the first battery by more than 3 deg.C, the opening degree of the first expansion valve of the cooling branch of the second battery is increased by a second degree and the opening degree of the first expansion valve of the cooling branch of the first battery is decreased, so that the cooling power of the first battery is decreased and the cooling power of the second battery is increased, thereby reducing the battery temperature difference between the batteries.
In the battery cooling process, if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the first battery cooling completion information, the first electronic valve of the first battery cooling branch is controlled to be closed. And if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the second battery cooling completion information sent by the battery manager, controlling a first electronic valve of a second battery cooling branch to be closed. And if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controller receives the battery cooling completion information sent by the battery manager, the battery cooling completion information is forwarded to the battery thermal management controller, and the battery cooling is completed.
Besides, the cooling power can be provided for the battery through the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, and the cooling power can also be provided for the battery through the semiconductor heat exchange module.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1a-1b, when the cooling mode is adopted, and the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery, the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves are controlled so that the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected with the first heat exchanger, and the heat generating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected with the second heat exchanger; and when the temperature of the second battery is higher than that of the first battery in the cooling mode, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves to enable the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the second heat exchanger, and enabling the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the first heat exchanger.
Specifically, in the process of starting the cooling function of the battery, if the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor heat exchange module supplies power reversely, and controls the opening of the channels 1 and 2 of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, and controls the opening of the channels 1 and 2 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve, so that the cooling end is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery, and the heating end is connected to the circulation loop of the second battery. If the temperature of the second battery is higher than that of the first battery by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor heat exchange module supplies power in the forward direction, and controls the opening of the channel 1 and the opening of the channel 2 of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve and the opening of the channel 1 and the channel 2 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve, so that the cooling end is connected to the circulation loop of the second battery, and the heating end is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery. If the temperature of one battery is lower than 0 ℃, the heating function of the temperature regulating system is started. When the battery is heated, the heating power can be provided by the semiconductor heat exchange module in addition to the heater.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the temperature of the first battery is lower than that of the second battery in the heating mode, the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves are controlled to connect the heat generating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the first heat exchanger, and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the second heat exchanger. And when the temperature of the second battery is lower than that of the first battery, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves to enable the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the second heat exchanger, and enabling the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the first heat exchanger.
Specifically, in the process of starting the heating function of the battery, if the temperature of the first battery is lower than that of the second battery by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor heat exchange module supplies power in the forward direction, the channels 1 and 2 of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are opened, and the channels 1 and 2 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are opened, so that the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchanger is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery, and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchanger is connected to the circulation loop of the second battery. If the temperature of the second battery is lower than that of the first battery by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor heat exchange module reversely supplies power, the channels 1 of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are opened, the channels 2 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are closed, the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchanger is connected with the circulation loop of the second battery by opening the channels 1 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve, and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchanger is connected with the circulation loop of the first battery. And if the semiconductor heat management module does not receive the information, cutting off the power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module. In the heating process, if the temperature regulation required power P1 of the battery is greater than the temperature regulation actual power P2, the heating power of the semiconductor heat exchange module is increased.
It will be appreciated that the heater is switched off when the cooling function is activated. When the heating function is started, the heater is opened, and the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are closed.
As shown in fig. 3a-3b, the semiconductor heat exchange module may further include a heat exchange fan (a third fan and a fourth fan), the heat exchange fan is disposed corresponding to the heating end and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module, and the temperature adjustment method for the vehicle-mounted battery may further include:
when the cooling mode is adopted and the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery, the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled, the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves is controlled, and a fan arranged corresponding to the heating end is controlled to work, so that the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected with the first heat exchanger; and when the temperature of the second battery is higher than that of the first battery, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module, controlling the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves, and controlling a fan arranged corresponding to the heating end to work so as to connect the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the second heat exchanger.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3a-3b, in the process of cooling the batteries, if the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 is controlled to supply power reversely, the controller controls the opening of the channels 1 and 2 of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, the second battery thermal management module 12 controls the closing of the channels 1 and the opening of the channels 2 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve, so that the cooling end is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery, and the fourth fan is controlled to start to operate. If the semiconductor controller receives message information for increasing the cooling power of the second battery sent by the battery manager, namely the temperature of the second battery 42 is higher than that of the first battery by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled to supply power in the forward direction, the first battery heat management module controls the channel 1 of the first three-way valve and the channel 2 of the second three-way valve to be closed, and controls the channel 1 and the channel 2 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve 64 to be opened, so that the cooling end is connected to a circulation loop of the second battery, and the third fan is controlled to start working. And if the semiconductor heat management module does not receive the information, the power supply of the semiconductor heat exchange module is cut off.
As shown in fig. 3a-3b, when the heating mode is selected, and the temperature of the first battery is lower than that of the second battery, the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled, the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves is controlled, and the fan corresponding to the cooling end is controlled to operate, so that the heat generating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected with the first heat exchanger; when the heating mode is adopted and the temperature of the second battery is lower than that of the first battery, the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled, the opening/closing of the channels of the first three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve and the fan arranged corresponding to the cooling end are controlled to work, and therefore the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected with the second heat exchanger.
In the process of starting the battery heating function, if the temperature of the first battery is lower than that of the second battery by more than 3 ℃, controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module to supply power in the forward direction, controlling the channels 1 of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve to be opened, controlling the channel 2 to be closed, controlling the channels 1 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve to be closed, and controlling the channel 2 to be closed, so that the heat-generating end is connected to the circulation loop of the first battery, and simultaneously controlling the fourth fan to start working, as shown in fig. 3a-3 b. If the temperature of the second battery 42 is lower than that of the first battery by more than 3 ℃, the semiconductor heat exchange module 3 is controlled to supply power reversely, the channels 1 and 2 of the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are closed, the channels 1 and 2 of the third three-way valve and the fourth three-way valve are controlled to be opened, and the channels 2 are closed, so that the heat-generating end is connected to a circulation loop of the second battery 42, and meanwhile, the third fan is controlled to start working.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4a-4b, the temperature adjustment system for the on-board battery further includes in-vehicle cooling branches, each in-vehicle cooling branch includes an evaporator, and the plurality of evaporators are respectively connected in parallel with the plurality of heat exchangers and then connected in series with the plurality of compressors. The in-vehicle cooling branch comprises a first in-vehicle cooling branch and a second in-vehicle cooling branch, and the method further comprises the following steps: judging whether the temperature of the battery reaches a third preset temperature or not; if the temperature reaches the third preset temperature, reducing the opening degrees of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch, and increasing the opening degrees of the first battery cooling branch and the second battery cooling branch at the same time; if the temperature does not reach the third preset temperature, further judging whether the temperature in the carriage reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner; and if the set temperature of the air conditioner is reached, reducing the opening degrees of the first vehicle internal cooling branch and the second vehicle internal cooling branch, and increasing the opening degrees of the first battery cooling branch and the second battery cooling branch. The third preset temperature may be preset according to actual conditions, and may be, for example, 45 ℃.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the first in-vehicle cooling branch corresponds to a first air outlet and a second air outlet in the vehicle compartment, and the second in-vehicle cooling branch corresponds to a third air outlet and a fourth air outlet in the vehicle compartment, where the method may further include: when the temperatures of the first air outlet and the second air outlet are higher than the temperatures of the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet, the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch is increased, and the opening degree of the second in-vehicle cooling branch is reduced; when the temperatures of the first air outlet and the second air outlet are lower than the temperatures of the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet, the opening degree of the second in-vehicle cooling branch is increased, and the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch is reduced.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4a-4b, each in-vehicle cooling branch includes: the evaporator, the second electronic valve and the second expansion valve are connected in series, and the in-vehicle cooling branch is connected with the corresponding refrigeration branch. The second electronic valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding in-vehicle cooling branch, and the second expansion valve is used for controlling the opening of the corresponding in-vehicle cooling branch. When the interior of the carriage needs cooling, the second electronic valve is controlled to be opened.
In the cooling process of the battery, if the actual temperature regulation power P2 of the battery is less than the required temperature regulation power P1 of the battery, whether the temperature of the battery reaches 45 ℃ (higher temperature) is judged, if the temperature of the battery reaches 45 ℃, the opening degree of the second expansion valve is reduced, the opening degree of the first expansion valve is increased, the refrigerant flow of the cooling branch in the vehicle is reduced, the refrigerant flow of the cooling branch in the battery is increased, and the refrigerating capacity distribution of the cooling of the battery and the cooling in the vehicle is adjusted. And comparing the actual power of temperature regulation of the first cooling branch and the second cooling branch in real time, if the sum of the actual power of temperature regulation of the two cooling branches is less than the sum of the power of temperature regulation requirements of the two batteries, reducing the opening degree of the second expansion valve and increasing the opening degree of the first expansion valve, and if the sum of the actual power of temperature regulation of the two cooling branch circuits is more than or equal to the sum of the power of temperature regulation requirements of the two batteries, reducing the opening degree of the first expansion valve or keeping the current opening degree of the expansion valve unchanged.
And if the temperature of all the batteries is not higher than 45 ℃, judging whether the temperature in the carriage reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner, if so, reducing the opening degree of the second expansion valve, increasing the opening degree of the first expansion valve, and adjusting the refrigerant flow of the in-vehicle cooling branch and the battery cooling branch. If the temperature in the carriage does not reach the set temperature of the air conditioner, the requirement of the refrigerating capacity in the vehicle is met preferentially. In the battery cooling process, if the vehicle-mounted air conditioner receives the battery cooling completion information sent by the battery manager, the battery cooling completion information is forwarded to the battery thermal management controller, and the battery cooling is completed.
The average temperature of the battery is subjected to hierarchical treatment, and the threshold values of temperature control are 40 ℃, 45 ℃ and 35 ℃. When the temperature of any battery is higher than 40 ℃, the battery cooling function is started, when the temperature of all batteries reaches 35 ℃, the battery cooling is finished, and when the temperature of any battery reaches the higher temperature of 45 ℃, the cooling capacity requirement of the battery cooling is preferentially met. In addition, when the sum of the actual power for temperature regulation of the battery is smaller than the sum of the power required for temperature regulation of the battery, if the average temperature of the battery does not exceed 45 ℃, the demand for cooling capacity in the vehicle cabin is still prioritized, and if the cooling power in the vehicle cabin is sufficient and reaches equilibrium, the cooling power of the battery is increased.
In the starting process of the battery cooling function, if the air conditioner needs to be started in the compartment, the ambient temperature in the compartment needs to be monitored and controlled, so that the ambient temperature at each position in the compartment keeps balanced, and meanwhile, the requirement of battery cooling can be met. As shown in fig. 5, when it is detected that the air temperatures of the areas near the first air outlet and the second air outlet are higher than the air temperatures of the areas near the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet by more than 3 ℃, the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch is controlled to decrease, the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch 301 is controlled to increase, so that the cooling power of the first in-vehicle cooling branch is increased, the opening degree of the second in-vehicle cooling branch is controlled to decrease by the vehicle-mounted air conditioner, the cooling power of the second in-vehicle cooling branch is increased, the cooling power of the battery cooling branches is kept unchanged as a whole, and meanwhile, the air temperatures of the areas near the air outlets at all positions of the carriage are balanced.
When the fact that the air temperatures of the areas near the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet are higher than the air temperatures of the areas near the first air outlet 100 and the second air outlet by more than 3 ℃ is detected, the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch 2 is controlled to be reduced, the opening degree of the second vehicle cooling branch is increased, the cooling power of the second vehicle cooling branch is increased, the vehicle-mounted air conditioner controls the opening degree of the first vehicle cooling branch to be reduced, the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch is increased, and the cooling power of the first vehicle cooling branch 301 is reduced. When the difference between the air temperatures of the areas near the first air outlet and the second air outlet and the air temperatures of the areas near the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet are detected to be within 3 ℃, the opening degrees of the first battery cooling branch and the second battery cooling branch are controlled to be the same, and the opening degrees of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch are controlled to be the same, so that the cooling powers of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch in the compartment are ensured to be the same.
In summary, according to the temperature adjustment method for the vehicle-mounted battery in the embodiment of the present invention, the temperatures of the plurality of batteries are obtained, and then it is determined whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than the preset temperature threshold, and if the temperature difference is greater than the preset temperature threshold, the temperatures of the plurality of batteries are equalized. Therefore, according to the method, when the temperature difference between the batteries is large, the temperatures of the batteries can be balanced through the semiconductor heat exchange module, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged. And the temperature of the battery can be adjusted according to the actual temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery when the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is too high or too low, so that the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery is maintained in a preset range, and the condition that the performance of the vehicle-mounted battery is influenced due to too high or too low temperature is avoided.
Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention also proposes a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the temperature adjustment method described above.
The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of the embodiment of the invention first obtains the temperatures of the plurality of batteries, then judges whether the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold, and balances the temperatures of the plurality of batteries if the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater than the preset temperature threshold, so that the temperatures of the plurality of batteries can be balanced by the semiconductor heat exchange module when the temperature difference between the plurality of batteries is greater, and the cycle life of the batteries can be prolonged.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (23)

1. A temperature adjustment system of a vehicle-mounted battery, characterized by comprising:
the semiconductor heat exchange module is provided with a heating end and a cooling end and used for providing heating power/cooling power;
the plurality of battery thermal management modules selectively exchange heat with a cooling end or a heating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module to form a first heat exchange flow path;
each vehicle-mounted air conditioning module comprises a battery cooling branch and a refrigeration branch, each battery cooling branch comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchangers are respectively connected with the battery heat management modules, the heat exchangers and the corresponding battery heat management modules can be selectively conducted to form a second heat exchange flow path, each refrigeration branch comprises a compressor, and the compressors are respectively connected with the heat exchangers in series;
the controller is connected with the semiconductor heat exchange module, the plurality of battery heat management modules and the vehicle-mounted air conditioning module;
the controller is used for generating balancing required power according to temperature differences among the batteries and target time so as to control the semiconductor heat exchange module to balance the temperatures of the batteries according to the balancing required power;
the plurality of batteries include a first battery and a second battery, the balancing required power includes a heating required power and a cooling required power, and the generating of the balancing required power according to a temperature difference between the plurality of batteries and a target time in a case where a temperature of the first battery is lower than a temperature of the second battery includes:
determining heating required power by using a first formula according to the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery and the target time;
the first formula includes:
Figure FDA0002752451420000011
determining cooling demand power by using a second formula according to the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery and the target time;
the second formula includes:
Figure FDA0002752451420000012
wherein, Delta T1Is a temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery, t is the target time, C is a specific heat capacity of the battery, M is1Is the mass of the first battery, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first battery, I2Is the current of the second battery, R1Is the internal resistance, R, of the first battery2Is the internal resistance of the second battery.
2. The temperature regulating system for the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 1, wherein the compressor comprises a first compressor and a second compressor, the battery thermal management module comprises a first battery thermal management module and a second battery thermal management module, the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, a first end of the first battery thermal management module is respectively connected with a first end of the first heat exchanger and a first end of a heat emitting end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a first three-way valve, a second end of the first battery thermal management module is respectively connected with a second end of the first heat exchanger and a second end of the heat emitting end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a second three-way valve,
and the first end of the second battery heat management module is respectively connected with the first end of the second heat exchanger and the first end of the cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a third three-way valve, and the second end of the second battery heat management module is respectively connected with the second end of the second heat exchanger and the second end of the cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a fourth three-way valve.
3. The vehicle-mounted battery temperature regulation system according to claim 2, wherein the battery thermal management module includes a pump, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a flow rate sensor, which are provided on the heat exchange flow path; wherein:
the pump is used for enabling the medium in the heat exchange flow path to flow;
the first temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature of the medium flowing into the vehicle-mounted battery;
the second temperature sensor is used for detecting the outlet temperature of the medium flowing out of the vehicle-mounted battery;
the flow velocity sensor is used for detecting the flow velocity of the medium in the heat exchange flow path.
4. The vehicle battery temperature regulation system of claim 3, wherein the battery thermal management module further comprises a media container disposed on the heat exchange flow path, the media container being configured to store and supply media to the heat exchange flow path.
5. The vehicle battery thermostat system of claim 3, wherein said battery thermal management module further comprises a heater connected to said controller for heating the medium in said heat exchange flow path.
6. The temperature regulation system of the vehicle-mounted battery according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the semiconductor heat exchange module further comprises a heat exchange fan, and the heat exchange fan is arranged corresponding to the heating end and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module.
7. The on-board battery temperature regulation system according to claim 6, further comprising an in-vehicle cooling branch including a first in-vehicle cooling branch and a second in-vehicle cooling branch.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the in-vehicle cooling branch comprises a first in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the first air outlet and the second air outlet in the passenger compartment and a second in-vehicle cooling branch corresponding to the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet in the passenger compartment.
9. The system for regulating temperature of an on-board battery according to claim 8, wherein the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch each include: the evaporator in the first in-vehicle cooling branch is connected with the first heat exchanger and the first compressor respectively, and the evaporator in the second in-vehicle cooling branch is connected with the second compressor and the first compressor respectively.
10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a battery status detection module electrically connected to the controller, the battery status detection module configured to detect a current of the on-board battery.
11. The temperature adjusting method of the vehicle-mounted battery is characterized in that a vehicle-mounted battery temperature adjusting system comprises a plurality of battery heat management modules and a plurality of vehicle-mounted air conditioning modules, wherein the battery heat management modules are respectively connected with heat exchange flow paths of a plurality of batteries, each vehicle-mounted air conditioning module comprises a battery cooling branch and a refrigerating branch, each battery cooling branch comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchangers are respectively connected with the battery heat management modules, each refrigerating branch comprises a compressor, the compressors are respectively connected with the heat exchangers in series, and the semiconductor heat exchange modules are connected with the battery heat management modules and connected with the heat exchangers in parallel, wherein one part of the battery heat management modules are connected with cooling ends of the semiconductor heat exchange modules, and the other part of the battery heat management modules are connected with heating ends of the semiconductor heat exchange modules In connection, the method comprises the steps of:
acquiring the temperatures of the plurality of batteries;
judging whether the temperature difference among the batteries is greater than a preset temperature threshold value or not;
if the temperature difference is larger than the preset temperature threshold value, balancing the temperatures of the plurality of batteries;
generating balanced required power according to the temperature difference among the batteries and target time;
controlling the semiconductor heat exchange module to balance the temperatures of the plurality of batteries according to the balance required power;
the plurality of batteries include a first battery and a second battery, the balancing required power includes a heating required power and a cooling required power, and the generating of the balancing required power according to a temperature difference between the plurality of batteries and a target time in a case where a temperature of the first battery is lower than a temperature of the second battery includes:
determining heating required power by using a first formula according to the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery and the target time;
the first formula includes:
Figure FDA0002752451420000031
determining cooling demand power by using a second formula according to the temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery and the target time;
the second formula includes:
Figure FDA0002752451420000032
wherein, Delta T1Is a temperature difference between the first battery and the second battery, t is the target time, C is a specific heat capacity of the battery, M is1Is the mass of the first battery, M2Is the mass of the second cell, I1Is the current of the first battery, I2Is the current of the second battery, R1Is the internal resistance, R, of the first battery2Is the internal resistance of the second battery.
12. The method for regulating the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 11, wherein the compressor comprises a first compressor and a second compressor, the battery thermal management module comprises a first battery thermal management module and a second battery thermal management module, the heat exchanger comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, a first end of the first battery thermal management module is respectively connected with a first end of the first heat exchanger and a first end of a heat emitting end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a first three-way valve, a second end of the first battery thermal management module is respectively connected with a second end of the first heat exchanger and a second end of the heat emitting end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a second three-way valve,
the first end of the second battery heat management module is respectively connected with the first end of the second heat exchanger and the first end of the cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a third three-way valve, the second end of the second battery heat management module is respectively connected with the second end of the second heat exchanger and the second end of the cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module through a fourth three-way valve, wherein the balancing of the temperatures of the plurality of batteries specifically comprises:
and controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module so as to connect the battery with low temperature with the heating end in the semiconductor heat exchange module and connect the battery with high temperature with the cooling end in the semiconductor heat exchange module.
13. The method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 12, characterized by further comprising:
acquiring the temperatures of the first battery and the second battery;
entering a cooling mode when the temperature of any one of the batteries is greater than a first temperature threshold;
and entering a heating mode when the temperature of any battery is less than a second temperature threshold value, wherein the first temperature threshold value is greater than the second temperature threshold value.
14. The method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 11, further comprising:
acquiring the actual temperature regulation power of the battery;
acquiring the temperature regulation required power of the battery;
adjusting the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment actual power and the temperature adjustment required power of the battery; the required power for temperature adjustment is the power which needs to be provided for the battery when the temperature of the battery is adjusted to the target temperature within the target time, and the actual power for temperature adjustment is the actual power obtained by the battery when the temperature of the battery is currently adjusted.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the adjusting the temperature of the battery according to the temperature adjustment actual power and the temperature adjustment required power of the battery specifically comprises:
judging whether the temperature regulation required power of each battery is larger than the temperature regulation actual power;
when the cooling mode is adopted, if the temperature regulation required power of a certain battery is larger than the temperature regulation actual power, the power of the compressor is increased;
when the heating mode is adopted, if the temperature regulation required power of a certain battery is larger than the temperature regulation actual power, the heating power of the heater for heating the medium in the heat exchange flow path is increased.
16. The method for regulating the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 12, wherein the first heat exchanger corresponds to a first battery cooling branch, the second heat exchanger corresponds to a second battery cooling branch, and the first battery cooling branch is connected to the first compressor and the second battery cooling branch is connected to the second compressor, the method further comprising:
when the cooling mode is adopted and the temperature of the first battery is greater than that of the second battery, the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch is increased and the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch is decreased;
when the cooling mode is adopted and the temperature of the second battery is greater than that of the first battery, the opening degree of the second battery cooling branch is increased and the opening degree of the first battery cooling branch is decreased.
17. The method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 12, characterized by further comprising:
when the battery is in a cooling mode and the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves to enable the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the first heat exchanger and the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the second heat exchanger;
and when the battery is in a cooling mode and the temperature of the second battery is higher than that of the first battery, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves to enable the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the second heat exchanger, and connecting the heat-emitting end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the first heat exchanger.
18. The method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 12, characterized by further comprising:
when the heating mode is adopted and the temperature of the first battery is lower than that of the second battery, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves to enable the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the first heat exchanger and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module to be connected with the second heat exchanger;
when the heating mode is adopted and the temperature of the second battery is lower than that of the first battery, the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module and the opening/closing of the channels of the first three-way valve, the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected with the second heat exchanger, and the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected with the first heat exchanger.
19. The method for adjusting the temperature of the vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 17, wherein the semiconductor heat exchange module further comprises a heat exchange fan, the heat exchange fan being disposed corresponding to a heating end and a cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module, the method further comprising:
when the cooling mode is adopted and the temperature of the first battery is higher than that of the second battery, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module, controlling the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves and controlling a fan arranged corresponding to the heating end to work so as to connect the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the first heat exchanger;
and when the temperature of the second battery is higher than that of the first battery in a cooling mode, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module, controlling the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves, and controlling a fan arranged corresponding to the heating end to work so as to connect the cooling end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the second heat exchanger.
20. The method for adjusting the temperature of a vehicle-mounted battery according to claim 19, wherein when the vehicle-mounted battery is in a heating mode, and the temperature of the first battery is lower than the temperature of the second battery, the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module is controlled, the opening/closing of the passages of the first to fourth three-way valves is controlled, and a fan arranged corresponding to the cooling end is controlled to operate, so that the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module is connected with the first heat exchanger;
and when the heating mode is adopted and the temperature of the second battery is lower than that of the first battery, controlling the power supply direction of the semiconductor heat exchange module, controlling the opening/closing of the channels of the first to fourth three-way valves and controlling the fan arranged corresponding to the cooling end to work so as to connect the heating end of the semiconductor heat exchange module with the second heat exchanger.
21. The method for regulating the temperature of the on-board battery according to claim 11, wherein the temperature regulation system for the on-board battery further includes an in-vehicle cooling branch that includes a first in-vehicle cooling branch and a second in-vehicle cooling branch, the method further comprising:
judging whether the temperature of the battery reaches a third preset temperature or not;
if the third preset temperature is reached, reducing the opening degrees of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch, and simultaneously increasing the opening degrees of the first battery cooling branch and the second battery cooling branch;
if the temperature does not reach the third preset temperature, further judging whether the temperature in the carriage reaches the set temperature of the air conditioner;
and if the set temperature of the air conditioner is reached, reducing the opening degrees of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and the second in-vehicle cooling branch, and increasing the opening degrees of the first battery cooling branch and the second battery cooling branch.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the first in-vehicle cooling branch corresponds to a first vent and a second vent in a vehicle compartment, and the second in-vehicle cooling branch corresponds to a third vent and a fourth vent in the vehicle compartment, the method further comprising:
when the temperatures of the first air outlet and the second air outlet are higher than the temperatures of the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet, increasing the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch and reducing the opening degree of the second in-vehicle cooling branch;
and when the temperatures of the first air outlet and the second air outlet are lower than the temperatures of the third air outlet and the fourth air outlet, increasing the opening degree of the second in-vehicle cooling branch and reducing the opening degree of the first in-vehicle cooling branch.
23. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when executed by a processor, implements the temperature adjustment method of the in-vehicle battery according to any one of claims 11 to 22.
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