TWI663418B - Ultrasonic transducer apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

An ultrasonic sensing device includes a first casing portion, a second casing portion, and an ultrasonic sensor. The first shell portion has a first perforation. The first perforation includes a first opening and a second opening. The second shell portion has a second perforation. The second perforation includes a third opening and a fourth opening. The ultrasonic sensor includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is coupled to the first opening. The receiving unit is coupled to the third opening. At least one of the second opening and the fourth opening has an elongated shape.

Description

Ultrasonic sensor

This case relates to an ultrasonic sensor device.

The ultrasonic sensor includes a transmitting end and a receiving end. First, the transmitting end emits an ultrasonic wave, and the ultrasonic wave is reflected by an external object. The receiving end collects the reflected ultrasonic wave and converts it into a signal for subsequent actions.

However, the transmitted ultrasonic waves often crosstalk with the reflected ultrasonic waves, and if the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end is closer, the problem that the ultrasonic waves are directly transmitted from the transmitting end to the receiving end is more likely to occur.

In addition, when the conventional ultrasonic sensor is used to detect obstacles in front, the ultrasonic waves emitted by the transmitting end are easily reflected by small objects on the ground, so the receiving end can easily detect the small objects on the ground. In addition, because the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave reflected by a small object is easily different from the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitting end by half a wavelength, the detection of the two mentioned above will occur and a blind zone will appear, thereby reducing the efficiency of ultrasonic detection.

The present invention provides an ultrasonic sensing device including a first case. Part, second shell part, and ultrasonic sensor. The first shell portion has a first perforation. The first perforation includes a first opening and a second opening. The second shell portion has a second perforation. The second perforation includes a third opening and a fourth opening. The ultrasonic sensor includes a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit is coupled to the first opening. The receiving unit is coupled to the third opening. At least one of the second opening and the fourth opening has an elongated shape.

In the ultrasonic sensing device of the present case, the transmission unit and the receiving unit of the ultrasonic sensor are separated by the first and second shell portions with a special structure, which can greatly reduce the problem that the ultrasonic wave is directly transmitted from the transmitting unit to the receiving unit. . In addition, the second opening is elongated and its opening area is smaller than the opening area of the first opening, so that the ultrasonic wave leaving from the second opening has a diffraction phenomenon. The transmission range of the ultrasonic wave along the long axis direction of the second opening is concentrated and along the The transmission range of the ultrasonic wave in the short axis direction of the second opening is expanded, which can reduce the situation of detecting small objects on the ground and increase the spread of ultrasonic waves in the horizontal direction in the application of detecting obstacles in front.

The above description is only used to explain the problem to be solved in this case, the technical means to solve the problem, and its resulting effects, etc. The specific details of this case will be described in detail in the following embodiments and related drawings.

θ1, θ2‧‧‧ angle

A1, A2‧‧‧ axis

N1‧‧‧normal direction

S1, S2‧‧‧ plane

WA1, WA2‧‧‧ delivery range

2-2, 3-3, 4-4, 5-5, 6-6‧‧‧ line segments

100, 200, 300, 400‧‧‧ Ultrasonic sensor device

120, 220, 320, 420‧‧‧ first shell

122, 222, 322, 422‧‧‧ first perforation

124, 224, 324, 424‧‧‧ first opening

126, 226, 326, 426‧‧‧ Second opening

130, 230, 330, 430‧‧‧ second shell

132, 232, 332, 432‧‧‧ second perforation

134, 234, 334, 434‧‧‧ Third opening

136, 236, 336, 436‧‧‧ Fourth opening

140, 240, 340, 440‧‧‧ Ultrasonic sensors

142, 242, 342, 442‧‧‧ launch units

144, 244, 344, 444‧‧‧ receiving units

150, 250‧‧‧ First long axis

160, 260‧‧‧Second long axis

170‧‧‧ Third long axis

428‧‧‧base

In order to make the above and other objects, features, advantages, and embodiments of this case more comprehensible, the description of the drawings is as follows:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic sensor device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the ultrasonic sensor device in Figure 1 along line 2-2. Sectional view.

FIG. 3A is a schematic side view illustrating an ultrasonic transmission range of a conventional ultrasonic sensor.

FIG. 3B is a schematic side view showing the ultrasonic transmission range of the ultrasonic sensor device in this case.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing the ultrasonic sensing device in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view illustrating a first perforation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view illustrating a second perforation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic sensing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the ultrasonic sensor device of the case in FIG. 7 along line 4-4.

FIG. 9 is a front view illustrating an ultrasonic sensor device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the ultrasonic sensor device of the case in Fig. 9 along line 5-5.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic sensor device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the ultrasonic sensing device in FIG. 11 along line 6-6.

In the following, a number of implementations of this case will be disclosed graphically. For the sake of clarity, many practical details will be explained in the following description. However, it should be understood that these practical details should not be applied to limit the case. That is, in some embodiments of the present case, these practical details are unnecessary. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings, some conventional structures and components will be shown in the drawings in a simple and schematic manner.

Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 together. FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic sensor device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the ultrasonic sensor device 100 in FIG. 1 along line 2-2. The ultrasonic sensing device 100 includes a first case portion 120, a second case portion 130, and an ultrasonic sensor 140. The first shell portion 120 has a first perforation 122. The first through hole 122 includes a first opening 124 and a second opening 126. The second shell portion 130 has a second perforation 132. The second through-hole 132 includes a third opening 134 and a fourth opening 136. The ultrasonic sensor 140 includes a transmitting unit 142 and a receiving unit 144. The transmitting unit 142 is coupled to the first opening 124. The receiving unit 144 is coupled to the third opening 134.

In an embodiment of the present application, the first case 120 and the second case 130 are directly connected to the ultrasonic sensor 140. Specifically, the transmitting unit 142 is directly embedded in the first case 120 and is coupled to the first opening 124, and the receiving unit 144 is also directly embedded in the second case 130 and is coupled to the third opening 134. By separating the transmitting unit 142 and the receiving unit 144 of the ultrasonic sensor 140 by the first case portion 120 and the second case portion 130, the problem that the ultrasonic waves emitted by the transmitting unit 142 are directly transmitted to the receiving unit 144 can be effectively avoided.

In some embodiments, the shape of the first opening 124 is circular, which conforms to the shape of the transmitting end of the transmitting unit 142, so that the ultrasonic wave can be unobstructed. Into the first perforation 122. In an embodiment, the ultrasonic sensing device 100 may first concentrate the ultrasonic waves in the first perforation 122 through the first shell 120 and emit them outward through the second opening 126 to increase the ultrasonic transmission distance. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first perforation 122 is a horn-shaped hole, and the opening area of the first opening 124 is larger than that of the second opening 126. This structural configuration is advantageous for concentrating the ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitting unit 142 along the tapered first perforation 122 to concentrate its energy at the second opening 126, and further transmitting the ultrasonic wave further. However, the shape of the first perforation 122 in this case is not limited to this, for example, it may be a tapered hole with other shapes.

The shape of the opening of the second opening 126 is a long slot with a long and narrow slot shape, and its vertical length is greater than its horizontal length. Since the frequency of the ultrasonic wave in this case is about 40 kilohertz (Hertz), this frequency is close to the frequency of light waves. At this time, the sound waves have slit diffraction characteristics similar to light waves. Therefore, when the ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitting unit 142 passes through the first perforation 122 to the second opening 126, a slit diffraction phenomenon will occur due to the shape of the second opening 126, further narrowing the vertical transmission range of the ultrasonic wave and horizontally The transmission range is widened.

Please refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B together. FIG. 3A is a schematic side view showing the ultrasonic transmission range WA1 of the conventional ultrasonic sensor. FIG. 3B is a schematic side view illustrating the ultrasonic transmission range WA2 of the ultrasonic sensor device 100 in the present case. As shown in FIG. 3A, the conventional ultrasonic sensor system directly emits ultrasonic waves from the transmitting end outward. As shown in FIG. 3B, it is a cross-sectional view showing the ultrasonic sensor device 100 along line 3-3 in FIG. 1. The ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitting unit 142 passes through the second opening 126 of the first case 120. Shoot out. In this case, because the first shell portion 120 has a special structure, the transmission range WA2 is significantly larger than The transmission range WA1 is more concentrated, which is narrowed in the vertical direction. Therefore, in the application of detecting obstacles in front, the emitted ultrasonic waves will not be easily reflected by small objects on the ground, thereby reducing the offset of sound waves caused by small objects and the blind zone caused by the above-mentioned ground effect.

Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 again. As shown in the figure, the second perforation 132 is a horn-shaped hole, and its tapering direction is opposite to the first perforation 122. That is, the opening area of the fourth opening 136 is larger than the opening area of the third opening 134. This structural configuration is advantageous for concentrating the reflected ultrasonic wave along the tapered second perforation 132 and concentrating its energy on the third opening 134, thereby enhancing the effect of sound collection. However, the shape of the second perforation 132 in this case is not limited to this, for example, it may be a tapered hole with other shapes.

Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a front view showing the ultrasonic sensor device 100 in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 4, the second opening 126 has an elongated slot shape and has a first long axis 150. The third opening 134 is oval and has a third long axis 170. The fourth opening 136 has an oval shape with the largest area and has a second long axis 160. Because of the above-mentioned ultrasonic diffraction characteristics, when the second long axis 160 of the elliptical fourth opening 136 is perpendicular to the ground, it will be advantageous for sound reception in the horizontal direction. On the other hand, when the third long axis 170 of the elliptical third opening 134 is parallel to the ground, it will be beneficial to the sound in the vertical direction in the second perforation 132. Therefore, the ultrasonic sensing device 100 can enhance the reflected ultrasonic waves received in the horizontal direction, and then cooperate with the fourth opening 136 and the third opening 134 and the function of the tapered second perforation 132 to maximize the sound receiving effect. Optimization.

Further, in one or more embodiments of the present case, the second long axis 160 may be parallel to the first long axis 150, so that the transmitted ultrasonic wave is tilted. The direction can be matched with the tilt direction of the received ultrasonic wave to enhance the radio effect. On the other hand, the third long axis 170 can be perpendicular to the second long axis 160, so that the third opening 134 can be matched with the vertical long and narrow horizontal geometry of the second perforation 132, and strengthened vertically within the second perforation 132 Radio in the direction, and then optimize the overall radio effect.

Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic side view illustrating the first perforation 122 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the first opening 124 is parallel to a plane S1, and the angle θ1 between the axis A1 formed by the center of the first opening 124 and the center of the second opening 126 and the plane S1 is right angle. In detail, through an imaginary plane S1 and an axis A1 connecting the center of the first opening 124 and the center of the second opening 126, it can be known that the first perforation 122 is symmetrical in the vertical direction. Therefore, the ultrasonic wave can be emitted straight forward through the first perforation 122. It should be noted that the angle between the angle θ1 between the axis A1 and the plane S1 in this case is not limited to this. For example, the angle between the angle θ1 and the right angle may be a non-right angle. That is, the first through hole 122 may be disposed obliquely and asymmetrically in the vertical direction. Specifically, the inclination of the axis A1 with respect to the plane S1 can be obtained from the included angle θ1. By adjusting the included angle θ1, the ultrasonic wave can be specifically emitted in a specific direction. For example, it can emit 10 degrees upward, 20 degrees upward, or 10 degrees downward, and so on. However, the asymmetrical setting of the first perforation 122 in this case is not limited to this. For example, in addition to the first perforation 122 being asymmetric in the vertical direction, it can also be asymmetric in the horizontal direction. Launch in a specific direction.

Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic side view illustrating a second perforation 132 according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the third opening 134 is parallel to a plane S2, and the center of the third opening 134 and the center of the fourth opening 136 The included angle θ2 between the continuous axis A2 and the plane S2 is not a right angle. Among them, the second perforation 132, the third opening 134, the fourth opening 136, the plane S2, the axis A2, and the included angle θ2 of this embodiment are the same as the implementation of the opposite element in FIG. A clearer understanding of the setting of the second perforation 132. Specifically, through the aforementioned setting, the second perforation 132 may be arranged obliquely to receive sound for a specific direction. As shown in Figure 6, it can receive sound slightly upward to avoid ultrasonic waves reflected by small objects on the ground. It should be noted that the angle between the angle θ2 between the axis A2 and the plane S2 in this case is not limited to this. For example, the angle between the angle θ2 may be a right angle. That is, the second perforation 132 may be horizontally disposed.

In addition, in one or more embodiments of the present invention, the included angle θ2 may be equal to the included angle θ1. After the ultrasonic wave emitted in a specific direction is reflected, the detection effect can be improved by receiving the sound in the same specific direction. Further, the ultrasonic sensor device 100 in the present case can be arranged in a plurality of arrays, and by setting each ultrasonic sensor device 100 to face a specific direction, the overall detection effect can be enhanced.

Please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 together. FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic sensor device 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the ultrasonic sensor device 200 in FIG. 7 along line 4-4. In FIGS. 7 and 8, the ultrasonic sensor device 200 includes a first case portion 220, a second case portion 230, and an ultrasonic sensor 240. The first shell portion 220 has a first through hole 222. The first through hole 222 includes a first opening 224 and a second opening 226. The second shell portion 230 has a second perforation 232. The second through hole 232 includes a third opening 234 and a fourth opening 236. Ultrasonic sensor 240 includes a transmitting unit 242 and a receiving unit 244. The transmitting unit 242 is coupled to the first opening 224. The receiving unit 244 is coupled to the third opening 234. The second opening 226, the second perforation 232, the fourth opening 236, the ultrasonic sensor 240, the transmitting unit 242, and the receiving unit 244 in this embodiment correspond to those in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 respectively. The components are the same, so you can refer to the related descriptions above and will not repeat them here.

It should be noted that, compared to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the lengths of the first opening 224 and the second opening 226 in this embodiment in the vertical direction are equal to each other, and the first opening 224 is horizontal. The length in the direction is greater than the length of the second opening 226 in the horizontal direction. That is, the opening area of the first opening 224 is larger than the opening area of the second opening 226. Therefore, the first perforation 222 also has a horn shape, and also has the effect that the first perforation 122 in the foregoing embodiment can help to concentrate the ultrasonic energy.

In addition, compared to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the first shell portion 220 and the second shell portion 230 in this embodiment are stacked in a direction parallel to the first long axis 250, and The first shell portion 220 is disposed on the second shell portion 230. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the first shell portion 220 includes a first through hole 222, and the second opening 226 included in the first through hole 222 has a first long axis 250. The second shell portion 230 includes a second perforation 232, and the fourth opening 236 included in the second perforation 232 has a second long axis 260. When the first major axis 250 and the second major axis 260 are collinear, the first shell portion 220 and the second shell portion 230 are stacked along the same axis. With this configuration, the transmitting unit 242 and the receiving unit 244 can be further spaced apart, so that the ultrasonic wave transmitted through the elongated second opening 226 is separated from the ultrasonic wave received through the elongated fourth opening 236, and Can further reduce the interference between the two. However, the first shell portion 220 and The stacking manner of the second shell portion 230 is not limited thereto. For example, in practical applications, the first major axis 250 and the second major axis 260 may also be designed to be non-collinear. That is, the first shell portion 220 and the second shell portion 230 may be offset or staggered from each other in a direction perpendicular to the first long axis 250.

Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 together. FIG. 9 is a front view illustrating an ultrasonic sensor device 300 according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the ultrasonic sensor device 300 of the case in FIG. 9 along line 5-5. In FIGS. 9 and 10, the ultrasonic sensor device 300 includes a first case portion 320, a second case portion 330, and an ultrasonic sensor 340. The first shell portion 320 has a first perforation 322. The first through hole 322 includes a first opening 324 and a second opening 326. The second shell portion 330 has a second perforation 332. The second through hole 332 includes a third opening 334 and a fourth opening 336. The ultrasonic sensor 340 includes a transmitting unit 342 and a receiving unit 344. The transmitting unit 342 is coupled to the first opening 324. The receiving unit 344 is coupled to the third opening 334. Among them, the first opening 324, the second perforation 332, the fourth opening 336, the ultrasonic sensor 340, the transmitting unit 342, and the receiving unit 344 in this embodiment correspond to those in the embodiments shown in FIGS. The components are the same, so you can refer to the related descriptions above and will not repeat them here.

It should be noted that, compared with the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, the second opening 326 in this embodiment has a narrow oval shape. The third opening 334 is circular and conforms to the outer shape of the receiving unit 344. The opening area of the first opening 324 and the third opening 334 are the same. The opening area of the second opening 326 and the fourth opening 336 are the same, and the opening area of the second opening 326 is larger than the opening area of the first opening 324. Therefore, the first through hole 322 and the second through hole 332 in this embodiment are both horn-shaped and have the same tapering direction. With the above structure configuration, compared with this In the other embodiments described above, the length of the first perforation 322 and the second perforation 332 can be relatively shortened. Therefore, this embodiment can be applied to a device that requires a small-sized ultrasonic sensing device.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 10 of the present case again. In one or more embodiments of the present case, the first shell portion and the second shell portion are connected to each other to form a single-piece structure. However, the arrangement of the first shell portion and the second shell portion in this case is not limited thereto. For example, the first shell portion and the second shell portion may be separately provided. Specifically, the transmitting unit coupled to the first shell portion and the receiving unit coupled to the second shell portion can be installed in groups at different positions of other devices, respectively, so that the transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves meet actual requirements.

Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 together. FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic sensor device 400 according to one or more embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the ultrasonic sensor device 400 in FIG. 11 along line 6-6. In FIGS. 11 and 12, the ultrasonic sensing device 400 includes a first case portion 420, a second case portion 430, and an ultrasonic sensor 440. The first shell portion 420 has a first perforation 422. The first through hole 422 includes a first opening 424 and a second opening 426. The second shell portion 430 has a second perforation 432. The second through hole 432 includes a third opening 434 and a fourth opening 436. The ultrasonic sensor 440 includes a transmitting unit 442 and a receiving unit 444. The transmitting unit 442 is coupled to the first opening 424. The receiving unit 444 is coupled to the third opening 434. Among them, the second perforation 432, the third opening 434, the fourth opening 436, the ultrasonic sensor 440, the transmitting unit 442, and the receiving unit 444 in this embodiment correspond to those in the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, respectively. The components are the same, so you can refer to the related descriptions above and will not repeat them here.

It should be noted that compared with the embodiments shown in Figs. 1 to 6 In the embodiment, the lengths of the first opening 424 and the second opening 426 in the vertical direction are equal to each other, and the length of the first opening 424 in the horizontal direction is greater than the length of the second opening 426 in the horizontal direction. That is, the opening area of the first opening 424 is larger than the opening area of the second opening 426. Therefore, the first perforation 422 also has a horn shape, and also has the effect that the first perforation 122 in the foregoing embodiment can help to concentrate the ultrasonic energy.

In addition, the second opening 426 is tapered and inclined. Specifically, the opening area of the second opening 426 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first perforation 422 in any vertical direction, so that the tapered configuration of the second opening 426 is achieved, and the horn-shaped first perforation 422 is helped The ultrasound performs energy concentration again. On the other hand, the opening plane of the second opening 426 is not parallel to the opening plane of the first opening 424 and its normal direction N1 is far from the second through hole 432. Therefore, the ultrasonic waves emitted outward through the second opening 426 can be transmitted slightly upward to reduce their chance of being reflected by small objects on the ground, thereby reducing the offset of sound waves caused by small objects and reducing the blind area caused by the above-mentioned ground effect. range.

On the other hand, compared with the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 10, the first shell portion 420 and the second shell portion 430 in this embodiment are two independent components and are connected to each other by a base 428. That is, the first shell portion 420 and the second shell portion 430 are not a one-piece structure formed integrally. Specifically, the first shell portion 420 further includes a base 428. The second shell portion 430 is embedded in the base 428 such that the first shell portion 420 and the second shell portion 430 contact each other only at the base 428. However, the connection manner of the first shell portion 420 and the second shell portion 430 in this case is not limited to this. For example, the second shell portion 430 can also be adhered to the first shell portion 420 by an adhesive.

From the above detailed description of the specific implementation of the present case, it can be clearly seen that with the first and second shells having special structures, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit of the ultrasonic sensor can solve the direct Problem of transmitting unit to receiving unit. In addition, the second opening is elongated and the opening area of the second opening is smaller than that of the first opening, so that the ultrasonic wave leaving by the second opening has a diffraction phenomenon, which will be along the long axis of the second opening. The transmission range of ultrasonic waves is concentrated and the transmission range of ultrasonic waves along the short axis of the second opening is expanded, which can reduce the situation of detecting small objects on the ground and increase the ultrasonic wave in the application of detecting obstacles in front. Diffusion in the horizontal direction.

Although this case has been disclosed as above in the implementation mode, it is not intended to limit this case, but anyone skilled in this art can make various modifications and retouches without departing from the spirit and scope of this case, so the scope of protection of this case should be combined The appended application patent shall prevail.

Claims (8)

An ultrasonic sensing device includes: a first casing portion having a first perforation, the first aperture having a first opening and a second opening; a second casing portion having a second perforation, the first The two perforations have a third opening and a fourth opening; and an ultrasonic sensor coupled to the first casing portion and the second casing portion, and includes: a transmitting unit coupled to the first opening; and a receiving The unit is coupled to the third opening, wherein the shape of the second opening is elongated and has a first long axis, and the opening area of the second opening is smaller than the opening area of the first opening. The ultrasonic sensing device according to claim 1, wherein the first shell portion and the second shell portion are stacked in a direction parallel to the first long axis. The ultrasonic sensing device according to claim 1, wherein an opening area of the fourth opening is larger than an opening area of the third opening. The ultrasonic sensing device according to claim 3, wherein the fourth opening is elongated and has a second long axis, and the second long axis is parallel to the first long axis. The ultrasonic sensing device according to claim 4, wherein the third opening is elongated and has a third long axis, and the third long axis is perpendicular to the second long axis. The ultrasonic sensing device according to claim 1, wherein the first opening is parallel to a plane, and an axis connected between a center of the first opening and a center of the second opening is between the axis and the plane. One of the included angles is not a right angle. The ultrasonic sensing device according to claim 1, wherein the third opening is parallel to a plane, and an axis connected between a center of the third opening and a center of the fourth opening is between the axis and the plane. One of the included angles is not a right angle. The ultrasonic sensing device according to claim 7, wherein the included angle is equal to an included angle between an axis formed by a center of the first opening and a center of the second opening and the plane.