TWI658350B - Early warning system and method for water distribution network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a water distribution pipe network early warning system and a method thereof. The aforementioned system obtains a plurality of water quantity or flow information through electronic water meters distributed on a water pipe network to determine the leak rate index of the water pipe network, and compares the water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter with the flow specification of the electronic water meter. Value to judge the recommended caliber of the electronic water meter. Through the above operations, the management end can quickly find out the section pipelines that affect the water leakage rate and the reasons for water leakage.

Description

   Early warning system and method for water distribution network   

The invention relates to a water distribution pipe network early warning system and method, and more particularly to a water distribution pipe network early warning system and method capable of judging a specific pipeline leakage rate.

According to the 2014 project report of the Ministry of Audit, the average leak rate of Taiwan ’s tap water from 1990 to 100 was about 22.90%. In other words, the annual leakage of tap water is about 900 million cubic meters, which can fill 4 Shimen reservoirs, and the leak rate Compared with some advanced countries, such as the United States, Japan, Singapore and other countries, the leakage rate is 6.40 ~ 15.00%, it is also significantly higher.

In order to solve the aforementioned technical problems, the conventional technology "system and method for monitoring the resources of a water body network" (Taiwan Patent No .: TW I391803B1) proposes a solution that analyzes the return flow of each meter installed on the pipeline through statistical analysis. Value to estimate the extent of leakage from the water network. However, this solution does not take into account the impact of the meter itself on the leakage assessment due to measurement errors, and it is impossible for the management unit to effectively know the actual leakage.

In summary, how to provide a solution that can solve the foregoing problems is a technical problem that needs to be solved in the art.

In order to solve the problem of the previous disclosure, the object of the present invention is to provide an early warning technical solution for a water distribution network.

To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a water distribution pipe network early warning system. The water pipe network early warning system includes a plurality of electronic water meters, one or more data concentration devices, and a management device. The aforementioned plurality of electronic water meters are distributed in a water pipe network to provide a plurality of water quantity or flow information of the water pipe network. The aforementioned data concentration device communicates with an electronic water meter to collect water quantity or flow information. The aforementioned management device is connected to a data concentration device, wherein the management device obtains the accumulated water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter to determine the leak rate index of the water pipe network, and the management device compares the accumulated water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter with the electronic water meter. Flow specification value to determine the recommended caliber for setting up an electronic water meter.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method for early warning of a water distribution network. The aforementioned method runs on a water distribution pipe network early warning system and includes the following steps: First, obtain a plurality of water quantity or flow information provided by a plurality of electronic water meters distributed in the water pipe network. Then, obtain the accumulated water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter to determine the leak rate index of the water pipe network. Furthermore, the accumulated water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter is compared with the flow specification value of the electronic water meter to determine the recommended caliber for setting the electronic water meter.

In summary, the present invention judges the target water pipe network's leak rate index and the recommended caliber of the water pipe network by analyzing the water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter and comparing the water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter with the flow specification value of the electronic water meter. To effectively find out the cause of the actual leakage.

1‧‧‧ early warning system for water distribution network

11‧‧‧Electronic Water Meter

111‧‧‧Water Meter Dial Module

112‧‧‧Dial value conversion module

113‧‧‧Processing Module

114‧‧‧Communication Module

12‧‧‧Data Concentrator

13‧‧‧ management device

FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of a water distribution pipe network early warning system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a method flowchart of a method for early warning of a water distribution pipe network according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is an internal block diagram of the electronic water meter of the present case.

Figure 4 shows the daily cycle of the water supply flow percentage of the target pipeline in this case.

Figure 5 is a horizontal bar chart of four items of information: the total water sales rate, the total water leakage rate, the true water leakage rate, and the apparent water leakage rate of the target pipeline.

Figure 6 is a measurement chart of the reading of the target pipe water meter with time.

FIG. 7 is a measurement chart of the change in the operating flow rate of the target pipe water meter with time.

The following describes specific embodiments to illustrate the implementation of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a system block diagram of a water distribution network early warning system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The water distribution network early warning system 1 includes a plurality of electronic water meters 11, one or a plurality of data concentration devices 12, and a management device 13. The aforementioned plurality of electronic water meters 11 are distributed at the output and input end points of the system boundary of the water pipe network to provide multiple pieces of water quantity or flow information at each end point of the water pipe network. The aforementioned data concentrating device 12 communicates with the electronic water meter 11 to collect water quantity or flow information. The management device 13 is connected to the data concentrating device 12 to obtain the water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter, so as to determine the water leakage rate index of the water pipe network.

The aforementioned data concentrating device 12 may be implemented by a router or other electronic devices capable of providing routing services. The aforementioned management device 13 may be implemented by a computer device or other circuit devices with computing capabilities. The aforementioned electronic water meter 11 may use a wired interface or a wireless interface to communicate with the data concentrating device 12.

In another embodiment, the aforementioned management device 13 compares the water quantity or flow information with the flow specification value of the electronic water meter to determine the recommended caliber for setting the electronic water meter. In another embodiment, the foregoing flow specification value further includes at least one of a startup flow, a minimum flow, a boundary flow, a permanent flow, and an overload flow. In another embodiment, the aforementioned management device 13 determines the flow performance of the water pipe network based on the water volume or flow information at a plurality of time points, and determines the leak rate index based on the flow performance. In another embodiment, the aforementioned water pipe network is a closed pipe, that is, a water meter or a water valve is provided at the output and input terminals of the system boundary of the water pipe network.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a flowchart of a method for early warning of a water distribution network according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned method runs on a water distribution network early warning system and includes the following steps:

S101: Obtain a plurality of water quantity information provided by a plurality of electronic water meters distributed in a water pipe network.

S102: Obtain the water quantity information of the electronic water meter at any time in the water pipe network to obtain the flow information of the electronic water meter.

S103: Analyze the flow information and the flow specification value of the electronic water meter to determine the leakage rate index of the water pipe network, and compare the water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter with the flow specification value of the electronic water meter to determine the recommended caliber of the electronic water meter.

In another embodiment, the water leakage rate index of the foregoing method further includes at least one of a total water sales rate, a total water leakage rate, a true water leakage rate, and an apparent water leakage rate. In another embodiment, the foregoing method compares the flow information with the flow specification value of the electronic water meter to determine the recommended caliber for setting the electronic water meter. In another embodiment, the flow specification value of the foregoing method further includes at least one of a startup flow, a minimum flow, a demarcation flow, a permanent flow, and an overload flow. In another embodiment, the foregoing method further determines the flow performance of the water pipe network based on the flow information at a plurality of time points of the water pipe network, and determines the leak rate index based on the flow performance. In another embodiment, the target pipeline of the foregoing method is a closed pipeline, that is, a water meter or a water valve is provided at the output and input endpoints of the system boundary of the water pipe network.

In the following, the present invention is described by using the water distribution network early warning system 1 of the first embodiment, but the water distribution network early warning method of the second embodiment can also achieve the same or similar technical effects. In order to clearly illustrate the technical effect of the early-warning system 1 of the water distribution network in this case, the management system electronic water meter 11 and the user-side electronic water meter 11 are set at the water inlet and outlet points on the border of the water pipe network for real-time continuous water monitoring and the pipe network Water balance analysis, and use the analysis results as the basis for diagnosis and assessment of water leakage in the pipe network.

The analysis mode of this case is designed with reference to the Water Leakage Management Water Balance Sheet (Table 1) of the International Water Association (IWA). The implementation steps are described as follows:

Step 1: Determine the system water supply (A). The system water supply volume (A) can be obtained by adding up the water volume of all the inlet and outlet water supply flow meters on the border of the metering water pipe network. The water volume at the water inlet is marked as a positive value and the water volume at the water outlet is marked as a negative value.

Step 2: Determine the amount of profitable water (E1). The amount of income water (E1) is the legal water consumption of charges (C1), which is the amount of water representing all charges, including:

(1) Metered water consumption (D1).

(2) Unmetered water consumption (D2).

Step 3: Calculate the amount of unprofitable water (E2).

Unprofitable water volume (E2) = system water supply volume (A)-profitable water volume (E1)

Step 4: Determine the legal amount of uncharged water (C2). Uncharged water consumption includes:

(1) Measured water consumption without charge (D3).

(2) Uncharged and unmetered water consumption (D4).

Step 5: Calculate legal water consumption (B1). Add the legal water consumption (C1) and the legal water consumption (C2). The value is the legal water consumption (B1).

Step 6: Calculate the amount of leaked water (B2).

Water leakage (B2) = system water supply (A)-legal water consumption (B1).

Step 7: Calculate the true leakage (C4). The real leakage (C4) can be estimated using the net night flow (NNF) calculation result: C4 = NNF The so-called net night flow (NNF) is the night leakage water amount, and the minimum night flow (MNF) can be used to deduct legal night flow ( LNF) is calculated as follows: NNF = MNF-LNF Among them: Minimum night flow (MNF) = night system water meter

Legal night flow (LNF) = summation of water meters by night users

Step 8: Calculate the apparent leakage (C3).

Apparent leakage (C3) = water leakage (B2)-true leakage (C4).

In order to achieve the requirement of real-time analysis, the electronic water meter 11 in this case can continuously and simultaneously monitor the water quantity at all monitoring points in the water pipe network to be measured, and the meter reading information can be transmitted or stored in the memory card through network communication. The data recorded by the electronic water meter 11 should include at least time and water quantity or flow rate, and the management device 13 can obtain the water quantity data of all the electronic water meters 11 at the same time point to avoid monitoring time errors.

Considering that it is difficult to obtain a fixed power source for some water pipe network installation occasions, the electronic water meter 11 can optionally have an independent power supply capability, such as a battery, and the power should be sufficient to support continuous real-time monitoring for at least a full day. In addition, based on the integrity of the data, the monitoring frequency can optionally record a piece of water volume data every 15 minutes for reading the true leakage water volume, but the aforementioned time interval is not limited. In addition, the accuracy of the electronic water meter 11 should be the same as or better than the current Class B water meter in order to accurately determine reliable water quantity data.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is an internal block diagram of the electronic water meter 11 of the present application, which includes a water meter dial module 111, a dial value conversion module 112, a processing module 113, and a communication module 114. The processing module 113 is connected to the communication module 114 and is connected to the water meter dial module 111 through the dial value conversion module 112. The water meter dial module 111 can adopt a conventional water meter structure. The dial value conversion module 112 reads the values of the water meter dial module 111 (such as reading the rotation of the dial and the position of the pointer), and provides the converted values to The processing module 113 can transmit the measured information to the terminal through the communication module 114.

A manhole and a management meter are set at the water inlet end of the water pipe network of the evaluation target set in this case. The water outlet valve is provided with a water-making valve. The water-making valve at the end can be closed during the test, and all management is continuously monitored. Use the meter, user meter and independent meter (electronic water meter 11) to perform real-time diagnosis and evaluation of the water balance of the metering pipe network in this section.

According to the user water meter information in Table 2, the total number of user meters for the target pipeline is 16 user meters, including 8 total meters and 8 user meters. In terms of water meter caliber, including two 40mm caliber user meters and 14 20mm caliber user meters.

The basic indicators for flow measurement are the total water sales rate and the total water leakage rate. In this case, the total water sales rate and the total water leakage are estimated by measuring the continuous water volume record results of the management-side electronic water meter 11 and each user-side electronic water meter 11 of the closed pipeline. rate.

Then, the continuous water volume obtained by the management-end electronic water meter 11 and all user-end electronic water meters 11 is recorded hourly, and according to the initial and last time points of the water volume record before and after the difference, it can be estimated that the total water supply and water consumption are 176.1 respectively And 155.5 degrees. Divide the total water supply by the total water supply to estimate the total water sales rate at 88.3%. Because the total water sales rate and the total water leakage plus the prime minister should reach a water balance, deducting the total water sales rate from the 100% water balance can estimate the total water leakage rate to be 11.7%.

In order to prevent the apparent leakage rate from affecting the accuracy of the estimation of the leakage rate, in addition to analyzing the two basic indicators of the total water sales rate and the total leakage rate, the true leakage rate and the apparent leakage rate can be further analyzed. These two advanced indicators can clearly indicate the source of the leak rate's contribution as the basis for the management decision of the leak rate.

In this case, the true water leakage rate was estimated by measuring the continuous water record results of the electronic water meter 11 on the management side. To further explain, first, the management device 13 divides the hourly and hourly water supply flow record of the management-side electronic water meter 11 by dividing the average water supply flow rate into a water supply flow percentage, and normalizes and converts all data points into a 0-24 hour interval Daily cycle changes (as shown in Figure 4).

From the data points in FIG. 4 which further indicate the minimum water supply flow percentage of the graph, it can be seen from the graph that the minimum water supply flow percentage of the target pipeline is 0%, which means that the target pipeline has no obvious observable true water leakage. It can also be seen from the figure that the minimum water supply flow percentage appears in the interval of 0-5 o'clock in the morning, which is in line with general water habits and reaches the minimum water consumption in the early morning.

After grasping the true leak rate of the target pipeline, the total leak rate is used to subtract the true leak rate to calculate the apparent leak rate. Since the total leak rate and the true leak rate of the target pipeline are 11.7% and 0% respectively, the apparent leak rate of the target pipeline can be calculated to be 11.7%.

The four indicators of the total sales rate, total leakage rate, true leakage rate and apparent leakage rate of the target pipeline in this case are shown in Figure 5, which are: 88.3%, 11.7%, 0%, and 11.7% in this order. It can be seen from FIG. 5 that the total leakage rate of the target pipeline is 100% contributed by the apparent leakage rate, which shows that the target pipeline has no obvious observable true leakage.

Next, the management device 13 in this case performs analysis on the operation flow efficiency of all management-side electronic water meters 11 and user-side electronic water meters 11 in the target pipeline. In the following, the electronic water meter 11 with household number 30006 (referred to as user 06) is used as an example to explain the analysis mode of water meter operation flow efficiency matching meter.

First of all, the meter readings of user 06 water meter (ID 30006) are collected over time (Figure 6). Then according to the user's 06 water meter (ID 30006) caliber (20mm), aggregate the flow specifications as shown in Table 3. Table 3 also lists the water meter flow error range represented by each flow specification value:

Considering that the start flow of the user's 06 water meter caliber (20mm) is 0.005CMH, if the minimum scale of the record set by the electronic water meter 11 in this case is 0.1 degree, the flow moving average calculation interval is set to 20.25hr to achieve a flow accuracy of 0.0049CMH. Detect whether the operating flow of the electronic water meter 11 is less than the starting flow. The estimated user's 06 meter (ID30006) flow changes with time, as shown in Figure 7.

Then, according to the user's 06 water meter (ID30006) at each time point, compare the flow specification value with the flow statistics of the operation flow range, and provide the analysis results of the water meter operation flow efficiency matching table as shown in Table 4:

According to Table 3, the user's 06 water meter (ID 30006) has q = 0 (zero flow), non-sensitive flow (flow <starting flow), ER> 5% (flow <minimum flow), ER <5% (flow <demarcation flow) , ER <2% (flow <overload flow) and ER> 2% (flow> overload flow), accounting for 49%, 6%, 23%, 2%, 21%, and 0%, respectively, showing the largest error in its operating flow range > 5%, it is obvious that the measurement error of the electronic water meter 11 is caused by the pipeline diameter being too large. At this time, the management device 13 can generate early warning information for reducing the pipeline diameter to the management personnel to reduce the flow error caused by the apparent water leakage rate.

The above detailed description is a specific description of a feasible embodiment of the present invention, but this embodiment is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change that does not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in Within the scope of the patent in this case.

Claims (6)

An early warning system for a water distribution network, comprising: a plurality of electronic water meters distributed at the output and input endpoints of a system boundary of a water pipeline network to provide a plurality of water quantity or flow information at each end of the water pipeline network; a Or a plurality of data concentration devices, communicating with an electronic water meter to collect the water quantity or the flow information; and a management device, connecting to the data concentration device, wherein the management device obtains the water quantity or the flow information of the electronic water meter , And according to the International Water Association (IWA) leak management water balance table to determine the water leak rate index of the water pipe network, the management device compares the water quantity or the flow information of the electronic water meter with the electronic water meter When the error range between the flow information and the flow meter value of the electronic water meter is greater than 5%, a suggestion is made to reduce the caliber of the electronic water meter; the leak rate indicator further includes the total water sales rate, At least one of the total water leakage rate, the true water leakage rate, and the apparent water leakage rate; where the flow specification value includes the starting flow, the minimum flow, and the boundary flow Volume, standing flow, and overload flow. The water distribution pipe network early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the management device judges the flow performance of the water pipe network based on the flow information at a plurality of time points, and determines the water leakage rate indicator according to the flow performance. The water distribution pipe network early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the water pipe network is a closed pipe, that is, a water meter or a water valve is provided at the output and input terminals of the system boundary of the water pipe network. An early warning method for a water distribution network, running on the early warning system for the water distribution network described in claim 1, includes the following steps: obtaining a plurality of output and input endpoints provided by an electronic water meter distributed at the system boundary of a water distribution network; Multiple pieces of water quantity or flow information; obtain the water quantity or flow information of the electronic water meter to determine the leakage rate index of the water pipe network, wherein the leakage rate index includes the total water sales rate, the total water leakage rate, the true water leakage rate, At least one of the apparent water leakage rate; and the management device compares the flow information of the electronic water meter with the flow specification value of the electronic water meter, and when the error range between the flow information and the flow specification value of the electronic water meter is greater than 5%, then Propose a proposal to adjust the caliber of the electronic water meter, wherein the flow specification value includes at least one of the starting flow, the minimum flow, the demarcation flow, the permanent flow, and the overload flow. The method for early warning of a water distribution network as described in claim 4, further determines the flow performance of the water network based on the flow information at a plurality of time points, and determines the water leakage rate indicator based on the flow performance. The water distribution pipe network early warning method according to claim 4, wherein the water pipe network is a closed pipe, that is, a water meter or a water valve is provided at the output and input endpoints of the system boundary of the water pipe network.