TWI651466B - Wind power equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

Providing a wind power generation device that is equipped with an increase in the nacelle In the wind power generation equipment of the speed machine, on the one hand, the strength that can sufficiently withstand the rotor load is maintained, and the wind power generation equipment of the nacelle can be miniaturized and lightened.

A wind power generation device having: receiving wind into a rotation a rotor composed of a plurality of blades and a plurality of blades; a speed increaser that accelerates rotation of the rotor; a generator that converts the rotational energy into electric power through the speed increaser; and fixedly supports the aforementioned speed increaser And a main frame of the generator, wherein the speed increaser has a connection portion coupled to the main frame, and the main frame is configured to securely support the speed increaser through the connection portion a main frame; and a second main frame that fixedly supports the generator; the first main frame includes: a first fixed support portion that fixedly supports the connecting portion of the speed increaser from a top surface; and the fixed support from the bottom surface The second fixed support portion of the connecting portion of the speed increaser.

Description

Wind power equipment

The invention relates to wind power plants, and in particular to nacelle configurations relating to wind power plants.

Wind power generation equipment, compared with power generation facilities using conventional firepower or atomic energy, is a greenhouse gas that does not emit carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), has no risk of radioactive energy, and is environmentally friendly and has less risk of power generation. In the past few years, attention has been paid, but on the other hand, the cost of power generation is high, and it is required to ensure safety and further reduce costs.

In order to reduce the cost of the windmill, it is effective to reduce the material cost due to the weight reduction of the windmill structural member, and the nacelle that conforms to the heaviest item is also light to the foundation structure of the tower or the support tower supporting the nacelle. The reason for the contribution of quantification is high importance.

A nacelle is usually equipped with a system called a transmission system that transmits rotor rotational energy to a generator, and is roughly classified into a transmission (speed increaser) and a non-owned one. When the gearbox is used, it has the advantage of being able to miniaturize the generator. If the gearbox is not used, it has the advantage of having no gearbox and the structure is simple, and even if there are advantages and disadvantages, even today The style is also continuously developed and manufactured.

The general shape of the speed increaser is shown in Figs. 5A and 5B. Fig. 5A is a front view of the speed increaser, and Fig. 5B is a perspective view of the speed increaser. As shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the speed increaser 4 generally uses a planetary gear mechanism (not shown), and generally has a cylindrical appearance, and has a reaction force for a moment for a main frame to be described later. The so-called protrusion of the moment arm (element symbol 21 of Figs. 5A and 5B).

Fig. 6A shows a state in which the speed increaser 4 is installed in the tower 6 of the wind power generator via the main frame C25. Further, Fig. 6B shows a state in which the speed increaser mounting bracket 18 is attached to the moment arm 21 of the speed increaser 4.

As shown in FIG. 6A, generally, the moment arm 21 projects left and right at a horizontal position on the wind turbine rotor side of the speed increaser 4. Further, as shown in Fig. 6B, the moment arm 21 is held by a metal holder called a gearbox mounting case (equivalent symbol 18 of Figs. 6A and 6B). In order to prevent vibration, between the gearbox mounting housing 18 and the moment arm 21, a vibration-proof rubber 27 called a speed increaser is generally disposed.

The nacelle configuration has a main frame C25 for supporting the above described transmission system configuration. The main purpose of the main framework is to pass the load, and there are two large loads to be transmitted. In order to transfer the load from the windmill rotor to the tower, and transmit the torque reaction of the speed increaser to the tower. Others also have support loaders who deliver accessories.

As a wind power generation device equipped with a speed increaser on the one hand and a small and lightweight nacelle on the other hand, for example, there is a technique like Patent Document 1. Surgery. Patent Document 1 discloses "a wind power generator in which a nacelle provided on a support column is provided with a main shaft that is coupled to a rotor head to which a wind turbine rotor blade is attached and that rotates integrally, and the rotation of the main shaft is increased. And an output speed increaser, a generator driven by the output of the speed increaser; wherein: a transmission system from the spindle to the generator via the speed increaser is disposed in the rotor head Inside".

According to the wind power generator described above, since the length of the rotor of the wind turbine is increased, the length of the rotor head is increased, and in the wind power generator that can ensure a large output space in the rotor head, it is easy to tighten the axial length of the nacelle. It can be small and lightweight as a whole.

[Previous Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2006-188953

As described above, in the development of the wind turbine, it is easy to establish a reduction in the cost of the introduction of the equipment, and it is easy to establish a reduction in the size and weight of the so-called hub or nacelle. Kind of match.

By the way, when the nacelle of the windmill with the speed increaser is lightened, the required items are the following A and B. That is, A: lightweight Main frame; B: shorten the length of the transmission system, lightweight transmission system.

Here, regarding the weight reduction, conventional wind power generation equipment has various problems. FIG. 7A to FIG. 10B show a partial cross-sectional structure of a conventional wind power generation facility. 7A, 8A, 9A, and 10A are cross-sectional views seen from the top surface side of the wind power generator; and Figs. 7B, 8B, 9B, and 10B are cross-sectional views seen from the side surface side. In addition, the arrows in each of FIGS. 7B, 8B, 9B, and 10B indicate the transmission path of the rotor load.

In the wind power generation apparatus shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, a conventional example of the main frame is disposed below the transmission system. In this case, it is necessary that the main frame, that is, the main frame C25 in FIGS. 7A and 7B, is responsible for the transmission of the load by its own thickness, but it is unfortunate that it becomes a thick meat structure and the weight is increased.

On the other hand, the wind power generation apparatus shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B is conceptually obtained by optimizing the shape or dividing the structure as it is. In the wind power generation apparatus shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, the main frame is divided into two. The portion of the main frame D26 which is the portion of the transmission path of the rotor load indicated by the arrow in Fig. 8B has a thick meat structure, and the main frame C25 which is mainly the portion where the generator 5 is mounted has a thin meat structure. With this configuration, it is possible to optimize the structure to some extent. However, the main frame D26 is required to have a thick meat structure, and the weight reduction in the nacelle is insufficient.

Moreover, in order to reduce the weight of the main frame, there is a prior art as shown in Figs. 9A and 9B. In this way, the structure from the rotor to the tower 6 is bent into a thin meat cylinder as a basic structure, although the structure is thin meat, because The circular cross-sectional shape ensures strength rigidity. However, in the case where the main frame has a speed increaser, since the support portion of the speed increaser torque arm is lost, there is a disadvantage that the overall length of the nacelle becomes long.

Alternatively, in the wind power generation apparatus shown in FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B, the overall length of the nacelle can be shortened by increasing the outer diameter of the main frame D26, and the outer casing can be widened. Can't play the lightweight effect.

In the technique of Patent Document 1, the nacelle can be made smaller and lighter, but the size of the rotor head is increased. Therefore, it is difficult to reduce the size and weight of the entire windmill. Further, the rotor head is increased in size and weight, which is disadvantageous for the strength of the rotor load.

Here, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generation apparatus in which a wind power generation apparatus equipped with a speed increaser in a nacelle maintains the strength sufficient to withstand the rotor load, and can be miniaturized and lightened. Wind power equipment for cabins.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a wind power generation apparatus comprising: a rotor including a hub and a plurality of blades that receive wind conversion into rotational energy; and a speed increaser that accelerates rotation of the rotor; a speed generator converts the rotating energy into a power generator; and a main frame fixedly supporting the speed increaser and the generator; wherein the speed increaser has a speed increaser mounting shell coupled to the main frame Body; the aforementioned main frame is utilized In the first main frame, the speed increaser is fixedly supported by the speed increaser mounting case, and the second main frame is fixedly supported by the generator; the first main frame includes: a top surface fixedly supporting a first fixed support portion of the speed increaser mounting case of the speed increaser; and a second fixed support portion of the speed increaser mounting case fixedly supporting the speed increaser from a bottom surface; and a reinforcing portion (Reinforcement) The first fixed support portion and the speed increaser mounting case are coupled.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a wind power generation apparatus comprising: a rotor including a hub and a plurality of blades that receive wind conversion into rotational energy; and a speed increaser that accelerates rotation of the rotor; and the speed increaser is interposed a generator for converting the rotational energy into electric power; and a main frame for supporting and supporting the speed increaser and the generator; wherein the main frame is configured by: a first main frame, which is fixedly supported by the foregoing And the second main frame fixedly supporting the generator; the first main frame is provided to sandwich the speed increaser from above and below, and the speed increaser that connects the first main frame with a reinforcing portion (reinforcement) The top side is the bottom side of the aforementioned speed increaser.

According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a wind power generation apparatus in which a wind power generation apparatus equipped with a speed increaser in a nacelle maintains the strength sufficient to withstand the rotor load on the one hand, and can miniaturize and lighten the wind of the nacelle. Power Equipment.

The problems, configurations, and effects other than the above are explained by the following description of the embodiments.

1‧‧‧ leaves

2‧‧‧ hub

3‧‧‧Short casing

4‧‧‧Speed increaser (gearbox)

5‧‧‧Generator

6‧‧‧ Tower

7‧‧‧Wind anemometer

8‧‧‧Rotor braking

9‧‧‧ flat swing control mechanism

10‧‧‧ tilt actuator

11‧‧‧Pitch Cyclotron Bearing

12‧‧‧Pitch control device

13‧‧‧Power control unit

14‧‧‧Main occluder

15‧‧‧Wind Control Panel

16‧‧‧ Spindle

17‧‧‧ main bearing

18‧‧‧Speeding machine mounting housing

19‧‧‧Main Frame A

20‧‧‧Main Frame B

21‧‧‧ torque arm

22‧‧‧Reinforcement Department (Reinforcement)

23‧‧‧Generator Mount

24‧‧‧Rotary axis

25‧‧‧Main Framework C

26‧‧‧Main Frame D

27‧‧‧Anti-vibration rubber

Fig. 1A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 1B is a partial cross-sectional view showing a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2B is a partial cross-sectional view showing a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3B is a partial cross-sectional view of a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4B is a partial cross-sectional view showing a wind power generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5A is a front view showing the shape of a general speed increaser.

Fig. 5B is a perspective view showing the shape of a general speed increaser.

Fig. 6A is a front view showing the shape of a general speed increaser.

Fig. 6B is a perspective view showing the shape of a general speed increaser.

FIG. 7A is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional wind power generator.

FIG. 7B is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional wind power generator.

FIG. 8A is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional wind power generator.

FIG. 8B is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional wind power generator.

FIG. 9A is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional wind power generator.

FIG. 9B is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional wind power generator.

FIG. 10A is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional wind power generator.

FIG. 10B is a partial cross-sectional view of a conventional wind power generator.

FIG. 11 is a view showing an overall outline of a general wind power generation facility.

FIG. 12 is a view showing an overall configuration of a general wind power generation facility.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described using the drawings.

[Example 1]

First, a general wind power generation facility will be described with reference to Figs. 11 and 12 . Fig. 11 shows an overall outline of a downwind type wind power generation facility, and Fig. 12 shows a configuration of each part of the wind power generation facility. Further, in the present embodiment, the wind power generation equipment installed on the ground and the wind power generation equipment installed at the sea have the same configuration, and the description will be made without distinction between the sea and the sea.

As shown in Fig. 11, the wind power generation apparatus is provided with a nacelle 3 at the top of the tower 6 provided on the ground or at sea, and a gearbox, that is, a speed increaser 4, a generator 5, is installed inside the nacelle 3.

At one end of the nacelle 3, a hub 2 and a rotor composed of a plurality of blades 1 are provided. The hub 2 connects the speed increaser 4 and the generator 5 by a rotating shaft, and receives the wind and the hub 2 together via a plurality of blades 1 In the equation, wind power is converted into rotational energy, and power generation is performed so as to transmit rotational energy to the generator 5 via the rotating shaft and the speed increaser 4.

As shown in Fig. 12, a yaw control mechanism 9 for controlling the position of the nacelle 3 opposed to the tower 6 is provided at a connecting portion between the tower 6 and the nacelle 3, and is a rotor composed of a plurality of blades 1 and a hub 2. In the normal state, the wind can be subjected to the change of the wind direction as much as possible, and the direction of the windmill is controlled by the direction of the rotor composed of the plurality of blades 1 and the hub 2.

Further, at the joint portion between the hub 2 and the blade 1, a pitch control mechanism (pitch actuator 10 and pitch maneuver) for independently controlling the mounting angle (pitch angle) of each blade with respect to the blade of the hub is provided. The bearing 11) is configured to control the attachment angle (pitch angle) of each of the blades 1 opposed to the hub 2 in response to a change in the wind speed. The pitch actuator 10 is controlled by a pitch control device 12 within the hub 2.

The hub 2 is coupled to the main shaft 16, and the main shaft 16 is coupled to the speed increaser 4 in the nacelle 3. The speed increaser 4 is coupled to the generator 5 by a rotating shaft. A rotor brake 8 is provided between the speed increaser 4 and the generator 5. When the wind power generator is stopped, the rotor brake 8 is actuated to stop or decelerate the rotation of the rotor, that is, the hub 2 and the plurality of blades 1.

On the outside of the nacelle 3, a wind direction anemometer 7 is provided. The wind direction data and the wind speed data measured by the wind direction anemometer 7 are transmitted to the windmill control panel 15, and the respective swing control mechanisms 9 and the pitch control mechanisms are controlled by the windmill control panel 15. The pitch control mechanism is constituted by the pitch control device 12, the pitch actuator 10, and the pitch rotary bearing 11 as described above.

Next, a nacelle structure of the wind power generator in the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. Fig. 1A is a cross section seen from the top surface side of the wind power generation apparatus, and Fig. 1B is a cross section seen from the side surface side. Also, the arrow in Fig. 1B indicates the transmission path of the rotor load.

The nacelle structure of the wind power generation apparatus in the present embodiment is as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, and the nacelle casing 3 and the generator 5 are provided in the nacelle casing 3. Also, the nacelle casing 3 is indicated by a broken line, making it easy to distinguish the internal structure.

At the top of the tower 6 of the wind power plant installed on the ground or at sea, a main frame A19 is provided, and a speed increaser 4 is provided on the main frame A19. The speed increaser 4 is fixedly supported by the main frame A19 via the torque arm 21 and the speed increaser mounting case 18. Further, between the torque arm 21 and the speed increaser mounting case 18, as described above, a vibration-proof rubber (not shown) is provided.

The main frame A19 is shown as being stretched in the direction of the top of the tower 6 and the direction orthogonal to the top of the tower 6, as shown in Fig. 1B. One of the reinforcing portions (reinforcement) 22 is connected to the upper portion of the main frame A19 by a fixing bolt (not shown). The other of the reinforcing portions (reinforcing) 22 is of course connected to the upper portion of the speed increaser mounting case 18 by a fixing bolt (not shown).

The speed increaser 4 is coupled to the rotor 2, that is, the hub 2 and the plurality of blades 1 via the main shaft 16 and the main bearing 17. Further, the opposite side of the speed increaser 4 is coupled to the generator 5 via a rotating shaft. The generator 5 is fixedly supported by the generator mount 23 via the main frame B20.

Here, the main frame B20 is formed by using a raw material that is thinner than the main frame A19 in order to reduce the size of the nacelle.

As indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1B, the transmission path of the rotor load can be regarded as a two-system by way of the nacelle configuration of the wind power generation apparatus of the present embodiment. That is, a part of the rotor load can be transmitted to the tower 6 via the main frame A19, and the reinforcing portion (reinforcement) 22 and the speed increaser mounting housing 18 connected to the upper side of the main frame A19 can be interposed. A portion of the rotor load is transferred to the tower 6.

As explained above, according to the nacelle structure of the wind power generation apparatus in the present embodiment, the transmission path of the rotor load can be regarded as a two-system, and the strength of the nacelle can be maintained on the one hand, and the speed increaser is disposed closer to the rotor side on the other hand. . According to this, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the nacelle.

Further, the speed increaser mounting case 18 described above and the side wall (outer case) of the main frame A19 may be connected. Alternatively, the speed increaser mounting housing 18 may be integrally formed with the side wall (outer casing) of the main frame A19. That is, similarly to the side wall (housing) of the main frame A19, the speed increaser mounting case 18 is used as a surface to constitute a part of the load transmission of the main frame. Thereby, in the width direction of the nacelle, it is possible to be more compact.

[Embodiment 2]

The nacelle structure of the wind power generation apparatus in the second embodiment will be described using FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B. 2A is a cross section seen from the top surface side of the wind power generation apparatus, and FIG. 2B is a cross section seen from the side surface side. Moreover, Figure 2B The arrow in the middle indicates the transfer path of the rotor load.

In the nacelle structure of the second embodiment, the width of the speed increaser mounting housing 18 is widened, and the area where the rotor load is transferred to the tower 6 via the reinforcing portion (reinforcement) 22 and the speed increaser mounting housing 18 is widened. This point is different from the nacelle structure of the first embodiment. The width of the speed increaser mounting housing 18 can be widened by both the top surface and the bottom surface, as shown in FIG. 2B, and the bottom surface, that is, the speed increaser mounting housing 18 and the main frame A19 can be connected. The area is designed to be wider than the top surface, that is, the area where the mounting housing 18 and the reinforcing portion (reinforcing) 22 are joined.

By widening both the top surface and the bottom surface of the speed increaser mounting housing 18, the area where the rotor load is transmitted can be widened, and the weight of the speed increaser mounting housing 18 becomes heavier. Moreover, by making the bottom surface of the speed increaser mounting housing 18 wider than the top surface, it is possible to suppress the weight increase of the speed increaser mounting housing 18 from being increased more than necessary, and on the one hand, the area where the rotor load is transmitted is given. Widened.

[Example 3]

The nacelle structure of the wind power generation apparatus in the third embodiment will be described using FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B. Fig. 3A is a cross section seen from the top surface side of the wind power generation apparatus, and Fig. 3B is a cross section seen from the side surface side. Moreover, the arrow in Fig. 3B indicates the transmission path of the rotor load.

In the nacelle structure of the third embodiment, the dividing line of the main frame A19 and the connecting portion of the reinforcing portion (reinforcement) 22, that is, the main frame, is disposed closer to the rotor side than the side surface on the rotor side of the speed increaser 4. And examples 1 or the nacelle structure of the second embodiment is different.

In the same manner as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the strength of the nacelle can be maintained on the one hand, and the nacelle can be reduced in size and weight on the other hand.

In addition, as the structure in which the upper portion of the speed increaser 4 is opened above the main frame A19, the obstacle is reduced when the speed increaser 4 is mounted on the nacelle, and the assembly is easy. The advantages.

[Example 4]

The nacelle structure of the wind power generation apparatus in the fourth embodiment will be described using FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B. 4A is a cross section seen from the top surface side of the wind power generation apparatus, and FIG. 4B is a cross section seen from the side surface side. Moreover, the arrow in Fig. 4B indicates the transmission path of the rotor load.

In the nacelle structure of the fourth embodiment, the top surface side of the speed increaser mounting casing 18 is not coupled to any of the structures, and the transmission path as the rotor load is not utilized.

The main frame A19 has a structure in which the upper and lower sides of the speed increaser 4 are sandwiched, and the upper side and the lower side are connected by a reinforcing portion (reinforcement) 22.

In the structure of the present embodiment, the attachment target of the reinforcing portion (reinforcement) 22 is locked to one of the main frames A19, which improves the workability of the assembly.

Still, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the package There are various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiments are described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to having all of the configurations described. Further, a part of the configuration of one embodiment may be replaced with another configuration, and a configuration of another embodiment may be added to the configuration of another embodiment. Further, some of the configurations of the respective embodiments may be added, deleted, or replaced with other configurations.

Claims (8)

A wind power generation device comprising: a rotor composed of a hub and a plurality of blades that receive wind conversion into rotational energy; a speed increaser that increases a rotation of the rotor; and converts the rotational energy through the speed increaser And a main frame for fixedly supporting the speed increaser and the generator; wherein the speed increaser has a speed increaser mounting shell coupled to the main frame; and the main frame is utilized In the first main frame, the speed increaser is fixedly supported by the speed increaser mounting case, and the second main frame is fixedly supported by the generator; the first main frame includes: a top surface fixedly supporting a first fixed support portion of the speed increaser mounting case of the speed increaser; and a second fixed support portion of the speed increaser mounting case fixedly supporting the speed increaser from a bottom surface; and a reinforcing portion (Reinforcement) The first fixed support portion and the speed increaser mounting case are coupled. The wind power generation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the speed increaser mounting case is formed to be coupled to a side wall of the first main frame. The wind power generation device of claim 1, wherein The speed increaser mounting housing is integrated with the side wall of the first main frame. The wind power generation equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a region of the speed increaser mounting case of the speed increaser that is coupled to the second fixed support portion is higher than the speed increase of the speed increaser The area where the machine mounting housing is coupled to the aforementioned reinforcing portion (reinforcement) is also wide. The wind power generation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the speed increaser mounting case of the first fixed support portion and the second fixed support portion is provided on a rotor side of the speed increaser The side is closer to the aforementioned rotor side. The wind power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second main frame is formed of a material thinner than the first main frame. A wind power generation device comprising: a rotor composed of a hub and a plurality of blades that receive wind conversion into rotational energy; a speed increaser that increases a rotation of the rotor; and converts the rotational energy through the speed increaser a generator for generating electricity; and a main frame for fixedly supporting the aforementioned speed increaser and the aforementioned generator; characterized by: The main frame is configured by: a first main frame that securely supports the speed increaser; and a second main frame that fixedly supports the generator; the first main frame is configured to sandwich the speed increase from above and below The machine is connected to the top surface side of the speed increaser of the first main frame and the bottom surface side of the speed increaser by a reinforcing portion (reinforcement). The wind power generation facility according to claim 7, wherein the second main frame is formed of a material thinner than the first main frame.