TWI647058B - Processing system and method for automatic tool change - Google Patents

Abstract

A machining system automatically changed with a tool, wherein the machining system includes: parameter setting The unit is used to set work instructions; the internal control unit is used to set internal information; the tool magazine has the mode of lathe tools and / or milling machine tools, where the mode of the lathe tool and / or milling tool is respectively equipped with multiple tools, and each A tool has a tool number; and the controller compares the tool number corresponding to each tool according to internal information, work instructions, and the comparison result, and the controller compares the lathe tool or milling tool with the comparison result. And the monitoring screen unit is used to monitor the switching status of the tool, and the monitoring screen unit simultaneously displays the switching status on the monitoring screen unit according to the mode of the lathe tool or milling tool being switched.

Description

Processing system and method for automatic tool change

The present invention provides a processing system, and particularly relates to a processing system that automatically changes with a tool and a processing method thereof.

The operation and processing methods of existing lathes are very different from those of milling machines. For example: the lathe is processed on the ZX plane, the milling machine is processed on the XY plane. In addition, the programming habit of the lathe is the axial diameter axis programming method and the milling machine is These differences are programmed using the axial radial axis programming method. Therefore, when both the lathe and the milling machine must coexist under the same operating environment, it is necessary to make some switches to use them properly. The current composite machining opportunities are based on the style and processing technology of the tool, and the environment of the lathe and milling machine is switched in the processing program. In addition to the tool, the user must re-select the state of the coordinate plane and switch the axial diameter in a timely manner. The state of the axis and the radial axis, as well as the state of the standard function code (G-CODE) and auxiliary function code (M-CODE) of the lathe and milling machine must also be switched, so the user should carefully check when programming The state of each tool, if one state is missing, is likely to cause dimensional deviation or poor processing, and more likely to cause collision.

At present, the friendliness of programming in the environment of lathe and milling machine switching and ensuring the correctness of the process is to use additional M-CODE parameters to correspond to the coordinate plane of the lathe and milling machine or the axial diameter axis and axial radius. Axis conversion, although this method reduces the occurrence of errors during switching However, it is still necessary to carefully ensure that there are no problems with the instruction format or the instruction setting is wrong during the inspection. In addition, or if the G-CODE parameters of the lathe and milling machine overlap and have different functions, add a group of numbers before the code of the G-CODE parameter to stagger them to avoid confusion. The G-CODE parameter has a very large function gap. For example, the G-CODE parameter of the milling machine's G73 instruction is a high-speed peck drilling cycle, while the G-CODE parameter of the lathe's G73 instruction is horizontal (outside Diameter) rough turning cycle, so the G73 of the two is completely different in definition, which means that the way they want to act is different, so the method of turning the G73 command function of the lathe into the G173 command, and so on. However, for the user, it is indeed possible to avoid the doubt of using G-CODE parameters by mistake, but the programming is to change the familiar command position, and still be careful when checking the program. If you use computer-aided design and Manufacturing (CAD / CAM) programming, and related adjustments according to the changed instruction position. If the end customer is not familiar with the post-processing construction method, it will be a considerable cost.

In order to solve the above requirements, the main purpose of the present invention is to use a compensation table to determine whether the tool belongs to the lathe tool mode or the milling tool mode in the processing system, which can effectively improve the switching speed and accuracy of the lathe tool mode or the milling tool mode. And ensure the reliability of system switching results.

Another object of the present invention is to use a machining system that can be automatically changed with the tool, which can reduce the customer's original programming habits, thereby reducing the probability of programming errors, and reducing the impact on the machining results.

Another object of the present invention is to switch between a lathe tool mode or a milling tool mode only after issuing a work instruction during processing. Therefore, the user only needs to specify the tool number of the tool, and the processing system automatically switches the processing environment. Allows users to easily operate and process.

According to the above object, the present invention provides a machining system that is automatically changed with a tool, wherein the machining system includes: a parameter setting unit for setting work instructions; an internal control unit for setting internal information; a tool magazine having a lathe tool and / or a milling machine tool. Mode, in which multiple tools are configured inside the lathe tool and / or milling tool mode, and each tool has a tool number; and the controller according to internal information, work instructions and the tool number corresponding to each tool Then, the comparison is performed to obtain the comparison result, and the controller switches the mode of the lathe tool or the milling tool according to the comparison result; and the monitoring screen unit is used to monitor the switching status of the tool, and the monitoring screen unit is simultaneously based on the switched lathe. The mode of the tool or milling tool is switched on the monitor screen unit and displayed.

According to the above purpose and processing system, the present invention also discloses a processing method for automatic replacement with a tool, wherein the processing method includes: setting a work instruction; setting internal information, wherein the internal information is based on a mode of a lathe tool or a milling machine tool in a tool magazine Lathe tools or milling tools are equipped with multiple tools, and each tool has a tool number to set; and internal information, work instructions and tool numbers are compared, and the mode of the lathe tool or milling tool is switched after the comparison. ; Display the screen of the switching status according to the mode of the lathe tool or milling tool being switched.

To sum up, the present invention provides a system and method for automatically changing the setting of a machining environment. The method determines whether the tool belongs to a lathe or a milling machine system by means of a compensation table, and then replaces G-CODE parameters, M-CODE parameters, coordinate plane parameters, The axial diameter axis and the axial radial axis are related to the operation and processing environment, which is convenient for users and reduces the occurrence of problems. It is expected that the original programming habits of users can be reduced, thereby reducing the probability of programming errors. As a result, the response will be much less, and it will effectively improve the switching speed and accuracy of the lathe or milling machine system, and ensure the reliability of the system switching result.

1‧‧‧controller

2‧‧‧ Internal Control Unit

3‧‧‧Parameter setting unit

4‧‧‧ monitor screen unit

5‧‧‧tool magazine

6‧‧‧ lathe cutter

7‧‧‧milling tool

S01 ~ S09‧‧‧Machining method flow of automatic tool change

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a machining system for automatic tool change according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a machining method for automatic tool replacement according to the present invention.

The advantages and features of the present invention and the method for achieving the same will be described in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments and accompanying drawings to make it easier to understand. The invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, for those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field, the embodiments provided will make the disclosure more thoroughly, comprehensively and completely convey the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of a machining system for automatic tool replacement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The machining system mainly includes a controller 1, an internal control unit 2, a parameter setting unit 3, a monitoring screen unit 4, and a tool magazine. 5; the tool magazine 5 also contains the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 mode, where the lathe tool 6 has multiple tools 61 ~ 6m, and each tool 61 ~ 6m has a corresponding tool number 611 ~ 61m Fixed tool number, where m is a positive integer. Similarly, milling tool 7 is equipped with multiple tools 71 ~ 7n, and each tool 71 ~ 7n has a corresponding fixed tool number 711 ~ 71n, where n is Positive integer; In addition, in another preferred embodiment, each of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 in the mode The tool numbers corresponding to each of the tools 71 to 7m of the tools 61 to 6m and the milling tool 7 may be non-fixed tool numbers.

The parameter setting unit 3 is to set the work instruction for each tool 61 ~ 6m or 71 ~ 7n corresponding to the tool number 611 ~ 61m or 711 ~ 71n in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7. When the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 in the tool magazine 5 each have eight tools, the tool number corresponding to the tool 61 in the lathe tool 6 is 611, the tool number corresponding to the tool 62 is 612, and so on. Respectively 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67 and 68, the corresponding tool numbers are 611, 612, 613 to 618; the corresponding tool number of tool 71 in milling tool 7 is 711 and so on The cutters are 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, and 78, and the corresponding cutter numbers are 711, 712, 713 to 718. Therefore, when the user uses the parameter setting unit 3 to set work instructions for the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7, for example, when the user wants to switch the mode of the lathe tool 6 or the milling tool 7 in the processing system, the The tool number of one of the tools 61 to 68 with the tool numbers 611 to 618 or the tools 71 to 78 of the milling machine tool 7 with the tool numbers 711 to 718 is set as the work instruction. In another preferred embodiment, In the parameter setting unit 3, a work instruction is set for each tool number corresponding to each tool 61 ~ 6m or 71 ~ 7n in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and milling tool 7 for each tool number. For example, When the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 in the tool magazine 5 each have eight tools, the tool number corresponding to the tool 61 in the lathe tool 6 is 612, the tool number corresponding to the tool 62 is 614, and so on. If the corresponding tool number is non-fixed, it will increase according to the number of tools, while the tool number 71 of the milling tool 7 is 712, the tool number of the tool 72 is 715, and so on. The number is not fixed according to the number of tools The number is increasing, so when the user uses the parameter setting unit 3 to set work instructions for the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7, for example, when the user wants to switch the mode of the lathe tool 6 or the milling tool 7 in the processing system, the lathe can be turned Cutter The non-fixed tool number corresponding to the tools 61 to 68 in 6 or the non-fixed tool number corresponding to the tools 71 to 78 in the milling tool 7 is set as the work instruction.

The internal control unit 2 of the machining system for automatic tool change is used to set parameters such as the tool length compensation, tool radius compensation, and tool nose direction compensation for each of the multiple tools in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 The internal information of the compensation table is set. The internal information of the parameter setting compensation table is set only when the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 is set in the tool magazine 5. The internal control unit 2 performs tool length compensation, tool radius compensation and Setting of parameters such as tool tip direction compensation; the setting of tool length compensation is based on the length of each of the multiple tools in the mode of lathe tool 6 and milling tool 7 because the length of each tool is different Therefore, it will be set separately according to the different setting of the tool length in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7. The setting method of the tool length in the lathe tool 6 is based on the length of each tool on the machine. The length of each axis corresponding to the reference point is different, so the length is set according to each axis of the machine. For example, a general three-axis lathe is used as an example. The length of the tool and the length of the Z axis are set separately. In addition, the setting method of the tool length of the milling tool 7 is to set the value on each tool number according to the measurement result; the setting of the tool radius compensation is Set according to the tool nose radius of each of the multiple tools in the mode of lathe tool 6 and milling tool 7, because the tool nose radius of each tool is not the same, where the tool nose radius exists Rounded corners, which are less likely to produce errors when machining surfaces that are parallel or perpendicular to the axis, such as end faces, outer diameters, and inner diameters. However, when chamfered, tapered, and arc-cut, less or overcutting occurs. Phenomenon, the setting of tool radius compensation must be set for each tool's tip radius.

In terms of setting the tool nose direction compensation, the tool nose is usually circular. Because the tool nose is the part that bears cutting force and cutting force, the tool is usually made small and the round nose can increase the strength of the tool nose and improve The roughness of the machined surface can extend the life of the tool, However, in the setting of the tool nose direction compensation, for the convenience of actual operation, the tool is usually assumed to be a sharp point, so this sharp point is called an imaginary tool nose, and the setting of the tool nose direction compensation is based on the G-CODE parameter. Its code includes the correction of the tool diameter direction of the G41 and G42 commands, and the G41 command shifts the tool to the left of the starting point of the contour of the workpiece to be cut, and the G42 command shifts the tool to the right of the starting point of the contour of the workpiece to be cut. Therefore, the setting of the tool nose direction compensation is based on the instructions of G41 and G42 to set the tool direction of each tool during processing, so the imaginary tool nose number setting of the tool number corresponding to the tool direction of each tool during processing is set. No. 0 ~ 9.

In a preferred embodiment, when the number of a certain tool is the number of an imaginary tool tip, it is in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 because the mode of the milling tool 7 is not required during processing. The direction of the tool is specifically specified, so when the number is set to 0, it is the mode of milling tool 7. When the number of a certain tool is the number of the imaginary tip, the number is 9 because the number 9 and 0 are the same direction. However, in the mode of lathe tool 6 and milling tool 7, because the mode of lathe tool 6 sometimes still uses a tool that does not need to specify the tool direction for processing, for example, when using a tool, the G-CODE parameter of the lathe mode is used. , But it will conflict with the G-CODE parameter of the milling tool 7 mode, so the setting of the tool nose direction compensation at this time will be set to the number 9 and the 0 set in the milling tool 7 mode. In this way, the mode of selecting the lathe tool can be judged; and when the number of a certain tool is the number of the imaginary tip 1 to 8, the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 mode because of the lathe Cutter 6 The mode needs to specify the tool direction during processing, so when it is set to No. 1 ~ 8, it is the mode of lathe tool 6, where the number of the imaginary tool tip is any of 1 ~ 8, each number The direction setting is based on the mode of the lathe tool 6 when it is set in the tool magazine 5, and each tool sets the direction of the position of the cutting workpiece.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 1. The controller 1 is a work instruction for setting a tool number corresponding to a certain tool in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 according to the parameter setting unit 3, and a tool corresponding to a tool in the magazine 5. And the internal control unit 2 set the compensation table for the parameter settings of the tool length compensation, tool radius compensation, and tool nose direction compensation for each of the multiple tools in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 The parameters set in the internal information, and then compare the corresponding tool number, work instruction and internal information of a certain tool to obtain the comparison result. The comparison method is based on the tool nose direction compensation in the internal information of the compensation table. Make a judgment, for example, the user sets his work instruction in the parameter setting unit 3, and the work instruction is set to the tool number 611, and the tool number 611 is the tool 61 in the mode of the lathe tool 6, and the controller 1 is based on The tool number of the tool 61 is 611 and the number of the virtual tool tip is 1-9. The comparison result is generated. When the comparison result of the controller 1 is the number of the virtual tool tip is 1, the car The mode of tool 6 and milling tool 7 is further switched to lathe tool 6 mode; or the user sets its work instruction in parameter setting unit 3, and the work instruction is set to tool number 711, and the tool number is 711 for the milling tool The tool 71 in the 7 mode, and the controller 1 compares the tool 71 with the tool number 711 and the imaginary tool tip numbers 1 ~ 9 to generate a comparison result. The controller 1 according to the comparison result is imaginary. When the number of the tool tip is 0, the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 in the processing system is further switched to the milling tool 7 mode; therefore, the controller 1 is based on the work instruction and imaginary of the tool number corresponding to each tool. The numbers of the tool tips are compared to obtain a comparison result, and the controller 1 switches the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 in the processing system according to the comparison result.

In another preferred embodiment, the controller 1 switches the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 in the processing system according to the comparison result, and monitors the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 through the monitoring screen unit 4 Mode switching status, and 4 monitor screen units According to the mode of the lathe tool 6 or milling tool 7, the switching status is displayed on the monitoring screen unit 4; the switching status displayed on the monitoring screen unit 4 includes G-CODE parameters, M-CODE parameters, and the diameter of the axis. The parameters of the axis and the radial axis of the axis and the coordinate plane parameters, and the parameters of the switching status will be switched according to one of the modes of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 selected by the controller 1 and the switched parameters will be monitored using the monitoring screen. Unit 4 displays; G-CODE parameters and M-CODE parameters used in the mode of lathe tool 6 and milling tool 7 are not the same, so the controller 1 will switch according to one of the modes of lathe tool 6 and milling tool 7. , And classify G-CODE parameters and M-CODE parameters respectively, for example: in the G-CODE parameter of the lathe tool 6, its machine code G73 instruction is a horizontal (outer diameter) rough turning cutting cycle, mainly used It is used for cutting the outer diameter of the workpiece, and its G-CODE parameter in the G-CODE parameter of the milling tool 7 mode is a high-speed peck drilling cycle for drilling the workpiece. Therefore, the controller 1 will Tool 6 It is classified with the G-CODE parameter used in the milling tool 7 mode, and in the M-CODE parameter of the lathe tool 6 mode, its machine codes M03, M04, and M05 are used, and M03 is the forward rotation of the spindle. The M04 command is the spindle reversal and the M05 command is the spindle stop. At this time, the spindle rotated in the mode of the lathe tool 6 is the workpiece spindle, and the spindle rotated in the mode of the milling tool 7 is the tool spindle, so The lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 have different spindles to rotate, so the controller 1 will classify according to the M-CODE parameters used in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7.

In a preferred embodiment, the parameters of the axial diameter axis and the axial radial axis used in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 are not the same. In the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7, the parameters are different. The axial editing methods of the two are also different. In the mode of the lathe tool 6, the workpiece is rotated for cutting, so the finished products after processing are mostly circular and symmetrical workpieces, so they are directly labeled as axes on the engineering drawing. Orientation of the diameter axis, and for the convenience of editing, the axial diameter axis is also used for editing. The coordinate system also shows the axial diameter axis, and the milling machine Most of the finished products of the cutter 7 mode are irregular shapes, so whether it is in editing or coordinate system display, it is an axial radial axis; therefore, in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 and changing process For the lathe tool 6 mode, the coordinate system will be switched to the axial diameter axis display. Among them, the lathe tool 6 mode will automatically adjust the X axis and Y axis to the axial diameter axis mode, and the Z axis will maintain the axial direction. Mode of the radial axis, and in the mode of the milling tool 7, the coordinate system is changed from the axial direction to the axial radial axis mode.

In another preferred embodiment, the coordinate plane parameters used in the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 are different, and the structure and processing method of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 are also different. When using G-CODE parameters with its machine code when using arc command (G02 / G03), polar coordinate command (G15 / G16) or machining cycle command (G81 ~ G84), you must first use G17 or G18 command Set the cutting plane and inform the controller 1 of the machining plane to confirm the machining depth feed axis. In the mode of the lathe tool 6, the G18 command is mainly used, and the mode of the milling tool 7 is the G17 command, so When the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 is switched, the G-CODE parameters used by the cutting plane will also be different.

Next, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a processing method for automatic tool replacement according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a processing system for automatic tool replacement of the tool according to FIG. The process. First, in step S01, the user sets a work instruction through the parameter setting unit 3. For example, the work instruction is set to a tool number of a certain tool within the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7. Following steps S02 ~ S05, the controller 1 compares the set number of a certain tool with the number of the imaginary tool tip as number 9; if the comparison result is the number of a certain tool as number 9 Then, it directly goes to step S05, and switches the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7, if the comparison result is that the number of a certain tool is not number 9, then it goes to step S03, and connects Then, the controller 1 will continue to judge whether the preset tool number of a certain tool is compared with the number of the imaginary tool tip as numbers 1 ~ 8, and if the comparison result is that the number of a certain tool is number 1 ~ 8 Then, it directly proceeds to step S05, and switches the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7. If the comparison result of a certain tool is not the number 1 ~ 8, it proceeds to step S04, and the lathe tool 6 and the milling machine are performed. The mode of the tool 7 is switched.

In the following steps S06 ~ S09, the controller 1 switches the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 in the processing system according to the comparison result, and monitors the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 through the monitoring screen unit 4 Switching status, and the monitoring screen unit 4 displays the G-CODE parameter, M-CODE parameter, axial diameter axis and axis diameter of the switching screen status on the monitoring screen unit 4 according to the mode of the lathe tool 6 or milling tool 7 being switched. The parameters of the axial radius axis and the coordinate plane parameters are switched; in step S08, the controller 1 will perform G-CODE parameters, M-CODE parameters, the diameter axis of the axis, and the radius of the axis according to the switching status. The parameters of the axis and the parameters of the coordinate plane are used to determine whether the switching is successful. The judgment method is to record the switching process of each parameter and finally confirm whether the switching of each parameter is successful. For example: controller 1 according to the comparison result When the mode of lathe tool 6 and milling tool 7 in the processing system is switched to the mode of lathe tool 6, its monitoring screen unit will set the G-CODE parameter, M-CODE parameter, axis The parameters of the diameter axis and the axis of the radial axis are switched with the parameters of the coordinate plane, and if each parameter switch is successful, the controller 1 will record as a success. When one of the parameter switches fails, the controller 1 will record as a failure. Therefore, after all the parameter switching is completed, the controller 1 will judge according to the recorded success or failure. If one of the parameter switching records is a failure, the controller 1 will directly re-enter step S06 and execute the tool magazine 5 again. The mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 is switched. If all the parameter switching records are successful, it means that the mode of the lathe tool 6 and the milling tool 7 in the tool magazine 5 is switched to one of the modes has been completed, and then the follow-up is performed. Processing.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of this patent. For example, any equivalent modification or change made according to the spirit of this patent, and the structure and effect of the device proposed according to the same concept, should still fall within the scope of this patent.

Claims (6)

A processing system that is automatically changed with a tool, wherein the processing system includes: a parameter setting unit for setting a work instruction; an internal control unit for setting an internal information; a tool magazine for the The tool magazine has a mode of a lathe tool and / or a milling machine tool, wherein a plurality of tools are respectively arranged inside the mode of the lathe tool and / or the milling tool, and each of the tools has a tool number; and a controller According to the internal information, the work instruction and the tool number corresponding to each of the tools are compared respectively to obtain a comparison result, and the controller uses the mode of the lathe tool or the milling tool according to the comparison result. Switching; and a monitoring screen unit for monitoring a switching status of the tool, the monitoring screen unit simultaneously displays the switching status on the monitoring screen unit according to the mode of the lathe tool or the milling tool being switched, The internal information includes a tool length compensation setting, a tool radius compensation setting and a tool tip direction compensation setting. According to G-COD The correction of the tool diameter direction commanded by the E parameter sets the tool direction of each tool during processing. The machining system with automatic tool change as described in claim 1, wherein the switching condition includes a G-CODE parameter, an M-CODE parameter, an axial diameter axis and an axial radial axis parameter, and a standard plane parameter . According to the processing system for automatic tool replacement with a tool according to claim 2, wherein the controller switches the mode of the lathe tool or the milling tool, and further classifies the G-CODE parameter and the M-CODE parameter, respectively. A processing method for automatic replacement with a tool includes: setting a work instruction; and setting an internal information, wherein the internal information is based on a lathe tool or a milling machine tool in a tool magazine with a lathe tool or a milling machine tool, respectively. Configure multiple tools, each of which has a tool number to set. The internal information includes a tool length compensation setting, tool radius compensation setting and tool nose direction compensation setting, which are corrected according to the tool radius direction commanded by the G-CODE parameter command. Set the direction of each tool during processing; and compare the internal information, the work instruction and the tool number, and then switch the mode of the lathe tool or the milling tool after the comparison; The mode of the lathe tool or the milling tool displays a screen for switching status. The machining method with automatic tool change as described in claim 4, wherein the switching condition includes a G-CODE parameter, an M-CODE parameter, an axial diameter axis and an axial radial axis parameter, and a standard plane parameter . The processing method for automatic tool replacement with a tool as described in claim 4, wherein the controller switches the G-CODE parameter and the M-CODE parameter according to the mode switching of the lathe tool or the milling tool, respectively.