TWI621757B - Building leakage prevention structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Building leakage prevention structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一種建築物防漏構造及其施工方法,其係應用在建築物的混凝土立牆與混凝土上層板或下層板之間的收縮縫隙結構中,其在一外導牆或混凝土立牆的直立牆面固定一截水條與一膨脹止水條,再施作混凝土上層板或下層板連接在混凝土立牆,透過混凝土上層板或下層板包覆截水條與膨脹止水條,使截水條與膨脹止水條阻擋在易漏水與滲水的收縮縫隙,當外部的水從混凝土立牆與混凝土層板之間的收縮縫隙滲漏時,將水導引到其他位置排出,進而達到防止雨水或地下水從混凝土立牆與上層板之間的收縮縫隙滲漏進室內空間的目的。A leakage preventing structure of a building and a construction method thereof are applied to a shrinkage gap structure between a concrete vertical wall of a building and a concrete upper or lower concrete panel, and an upright wall of an external guiding wall or a concrete vertical wall Fixing a water strip and an expansion water stop strip, and then applying it to the concrete upper or lower layer to connect to the concrete vertical wall, and covering the water intercepting strip and the expansion water stop strip through the concrete upper layer or the lower layer board, so that the water intercepting strip and the water intercepting strip The expansion waterstop bar blocks the shrinkage gap between the water leakage and the water leakage. When the external water leaks from the shrinkage gap between the concrete vertical wall and the concrete laminate, the water is guided to other places to discharge, thereby preventing rainwater or groundwater. The purpose of leaking into the indoor space from the shrinkage gap between the concrete vertical wall and the upper deck.
Description
本發明係有關一種建築物防漏構造及其施工方法,尤指一種可應用在建築物的連續壁或外牆與樓板之間的收縮縫隙部位,用以防止外部的水滲漏到建築物室內空間的防漏構造及其施工方法。The invention relates to a leakage prevention structure of a building and a construction method thereof, in particular to a contraction gap portion which can be applied between a continuous wall or an outer wall of a building and a floor panel, so as to prevent external water from leaking into the building interior. Leak-proof structure of space and its construction method.
習知建築物的連續壁構造如圖1所示,係在建築基地的周圍先建築一道深入地底下的連續壁100,該連續壁100的深度依照地下室的層數及施工圖進行,當連續壁100建構完成後,即可進行全面開挖,將連續壁100內的土方全部挖出,然後在於連續壁100上端施作最上層的混凝土上層板200,在連續壁100內的近下端施作最下層的混凝土下層板300,並在混凝土上層板200與混凝土下層板300之間施作混凝土樓板400,如此建構出數層地下室空間。然而,該連續壁100係預先施作凝固完成的混凝土立牆,因此等到全面開挖土方及施作上層板200、下層板300與樓板400時,其上層板200、下層板300與樓板400係二次灌漿作業,而由於混凝土凝固時會發生收縮的現象,因此其結構不能與連續壁100完全密接,經常從接合的部位發生漏水的收縮縫隙。The continuous wall structure of the conventional building is shown in Fig. 1. First, a continuous wall 100 is built around the building base. The depth of the continuous wall 100 is determined according to the number of floors and the construction drawing of the basement. After the construction of the 100 is completed, the full excavation can be performed, and the earth in the continuous wall 100 is completely excavated, and then the uppermost concrete upper plate 200 is applied at the upper end of the continuous wall 100, and the innermost layer in the continuous wall 100 is applied most. The lower concrete lower deck 300 is applied as a concrete slab 400 between the concrete upper deck 200 and the concrete lower deck 300, thus constructing a plurality of basement spaces. However, the continuous wall 100 is pre-applied to the solidified concrete wall, so that when the earth is completely excavated and the upper plate 200, the lower plate 300 and the floor plate 400 are applied, the upper plate 200, the lower plate 300 and the floor plate 400 are In the secondary grouting operation, since the concrete shrinks when solidified, the structure cannot be completely adhered to the continuous wall 100, and a shrinkage gap of water leakage often occurs from the joined portion.
如圖1所示,其發生在連續壁100與上層板200之間的漏水,通常由連續壁100外的外導牆500與上層板200之間的縫隙A1進水,再從連續壁100頂面與上層板200之間縫隙A2漏進室內空間。又如圖1所示,其發生在連續壁100與下層板300之間的滲水(地下水),係從連續壁100與下層板300之間縫隙A3往上滲進室內空間。由於以上漏水與地下水滲入的問題,造成建築工作上的許多麻煩,並直接影響到施工品質與進度,因此相關的營造業無不想盡辦法去克服漏水與滲水的問題。As shown in FIG. 1, it occurs in the water leakage between the continuous wall 100 and the upper plate 200, and is usually watered by the gap A1 between the outer wall 500 and the upper plate 200 outside the continuous wall 100, and then from the top of the continuous wall 100. A gap A2 between the face and the upper plate 200 leaks into the indoor space. Further, as shown in Fig. 1, the water seepage (groundwater) occurring between the continuous wall 100 and the lower deck 300 penetrates into the indoor space from the gap A3 between the continuous wall 100 and the lower deck 300. Due to the above problems of water leakage and groundwater infiltration, many troubles in construction work are caused, and the construction quality and progress are directly affected. Therefore, the related construction industry does not want to overcome the problems of water leakage and water seepage.
本發明之主要目的在提供一種建築物防漏構造及其施工方法,係可應用在建築物的混凝土立牆與混凝土上層板的結構中,其在一混凝土立牆上的外導牆的直立牆面固定一截水條與一膨脹止水條,再施作一混凝土上層板連接在混凝土立牆上,透過混凝土上層板包覆截水條與膨脹止水條,使截水條與膨脹止水條阻擋在易往下漏水的部位,當外部的地下水從混凝土立牆與混凝土上層板之間的縫隙滲漏時,通過截水條與膨脹止水條截水,使水導引到其他位置排出,進而達到防止地下水從混凝土立牆與上層板之間的縫隙滲漏進室內空間的功效。The main object of the present invention is to provide a leakage preventing structure of a building and a construction method thereof, which can be applied to a structure of a concrete vertical wall and a concrete upper slab of a building, and an upright wall of an outer guiding wall on a concrete vertical wall. A water strip and an expansion water stop are fixed on the surface, and then a concrete upper layer is connected to the concrete vertical wall, and the water intercepting strip and the expanded water stopping strip are coated through the concrete upper layer to make the water intercepting strip and the expansion water stop. The strip blocks the leaking water in the area where the water leaks easily. When the external groundwater leaks from the gap between the concrete vertical wall and the concrete upper deck, the intercepting strip and the expanded water stop strip intercept the water, so that the water is guided to other places. In order to prevent the groundwater from leaking into the indoor space from the gap between the concrete vertical wall and the upper deck.
本發明之次要目的在提供一種建築物防漏構造及其施工方法,係可應用在地下室的混凝土立牆與混凝土下層板的結構中,其在一混凝土立牆上的直立牆面的下方固定一截水條與一膨脹止水條,再施作一混凝土下層板連接在混凝土立牆的直立牆面,透過混凝土下層板包覆截水條與膨脹止水條,使截水條與膨脹止水條阻擋在易往上滲水的部位,當混凝土下層板下方的地下水從混凝土立牆與混凝土下層板之間的縫隙滲漏時,通過截水條與膨脹止水條截水,使水導引到其他位置排出,進而達到防止地下水從混凝土立牆與下層板之間的縫隙滲漏進室內空間的功效。A secondary object of the present invention is to provide a leakage preventing structure of a building and a construction method thereof, which can be applied to a structure of a concrete vertical wall and a concrete lower deck in a basement, which is fixed below a vertical wall of a concrete vertical wall. A water strip and an expansion water stop strip are applied as a concrete lower deck to the upright wall of the concrete vertical wall, and the water cut strip and the expanded water stop strip are covered by the concrete lower deck to make the water intercepting strip and the expansion stop The water strip blocks the water that is easy to see up. When the groundwater under the concrete lower deck leaks from the gap between the concrete vertical wall and the concrete lower deck, water intercepts through the water intercepting strip and the expansion water stop to guide the water. It is discharged to other locations to prevent the groundwater from leaking into the indoor space from the gap between the concrete vertical wall and the lower deck.
茲依附圖實施例將本發明之結構特徵及其他之作用、目的詳細說明如下:The structural features and other functions and purposes of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
參閱圖2、圖3及圖4所示,本發明之建築物防漏構造,其較佳的第一具體實施例係應用在建築物10的混凝土立牆與混凝土上層板5A之間的防漏構造,其包含:一混凝土立牆1,該混凝土立牆1可為場鑄混凝土立牆、半預鑄凝土立牆或預鑄凝土立牆,可用於作為建築物地下室外圍的連續壁或外牆,該混凝土立牆1的頂端11預留剪力鋼筋12,用以與混凝土上層板5A的鋼筋(未圖示)連結,該混凝土立牆1頂端的外側面往上凸出一混凝土造的外導牆2,該外導牆2具有一面向該建築物內部的直立牆面21。一截水條3,其水平狀固定在該外導牆2的直立牆面21,其斷面形狀具有連接成L形的一直條31與一橫條32(如圖3至圖5所示),該直條31通過多數個固定元件6固定在該直立牆面21,該直條31的一上邊T形對接於一上擋條33的一面,該橫條32的一側邊T形對接於一側擋條34的一面,該側擋條34與該直條31之間形成一截水空間35。一膨脹止水條4,其為吸水膨脹樹脂與合成橡膠組合成變性橡膠體,其夾設在該直立牆面21與該截水條3的直條31之間(如圖3及圖5所示),於吸水時產生膨脹效果。及一場鑄的混凝土上層板5A,該混凝土上層板5A係在現場實施混凝土灌鑄,使該混凝土上層板5A形成在該混凝土立牆1上,該混凝土上層板5A的混凝土並包覆該剪力鋼筋12、截水條3與膨脹止水條4。藉此,本發明之建築物防漏構造,可在該建築物10外面的水從該外導牆2的直立牆面21與該混凝土上層板5A之間的收縮縫隙往下滲入時,由該膨脹止水條4與該截水條3攔截所滲入的水,阻止滲入的水流進該混凝土上層板5A以下的室內空間20。Referring to Figures 2, 3 and 4, the preferred first embodiment of the leakage preventing structure of the present invention is applied to the leakage prevention between the concrete vertical wall of the building 10 and the concrete upper deck 5A. The structure comprises: a concrete vertical wall 1 which can be a field cast concrete vertical wall, a semi-column concrete wall or a concrete wall, which can be used as a continuous wall of a building underground or The outer wall, the top end 11 of the concrete vertical wall 1 is provided with a shear reinforcing bar 12 for connecting with a reinforcing bar (not shown) of the concrete upper plate 5A, and the outer side of the top end of the concrete vertical wall 1 is convex upward. The outer guide wall 2 has an upright wall 21 facing the interior of the building. A water strip 3 is horizontally fixed to the upright wall surface 21 of the outer guide wall 2, and has a cross-sectional shape having a straight strip 31 and a horizontal strip 32 connected in an L shape (as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5). The straight strip 31 is fixed to the upright wall surface 21 by a plurality of fixing elements 6. The upper side of the straight strip 31 is T-shapedly abutted on one side of an upper strip 33, and one side of the strip 32 is T-shaped and abutted thereto. A side of the one side baffle 34 forms a water intercepting space 35 between the side baffle 34 and the straight strip 31. An expansion waterstop 4 which is a combination of a water swellable resin and a synthetic rubber into a denatured rubber body interposed between the upright wall surface 21 and the straight strip 31 of the water strip 3 (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5) Show), it produces an expansion effect when it absorbs water. And a cast concrete upper plate 5A, which is subjected to concrete casting on the site, so that the concrete upper plate 5A is formed on the concrete vertical wall 1, and the concrete upper plate 5A is covered with concrete and covered with the shear force The steel bar 12, the water strip 3 and the expansion water stop strip 4. Thereby, the leakage preventing structure of the building of the present invention can be made when the water outside the building 10 penetrates from the contraction gap between the upright wall surface 21 of the outer guide wall 2 and the concrete upper deck 5A. The expansion water stop strip 4 and the water intercepting strip 3 intercept the infiltrated water, and prevent the infiltrated water from flowing into the indoor space 20 below the concrete upper deck 5A.
上述該建築物防漏構造第一實施例之施工方法,其步驟包含:(a)在建築基地建構該混凝土立牆1,該混凝土立牆1為建築物的連續壁或外牆;(b)鎖附該截水條3與該膨脹止水條4在該外導牆2的直立牆面21,該截水條3與該膨脹止水條4在該直立牆面21上呈水平狀延伸,並環繞整個該建築物周圍的該混凝土立牆1,使該膨脹止水條4位於該直立牆面21與該截水條3的直條31之間;及(c)在建築基地建構該場鑄的混凝土上層板5A,使該混凝土上層板5A的混凝土包覆該剪力鋼筋12、截水條3與膨脹止水條4。The construction method of the first embodiment of the leakage prevention structure of the above building comprises the steps of: (a) constructing the concrete vertical wall 1 at a building base, the concrete vertical wall 1 being a continuous wall or an outer wall of the building; (b) The water strip 3 and the expansion water stop strip 4 are locked on the upright wall surface 21 of the outer guide wall 2, and the water strip 3 and the expansion water stop strip 4 extend horizontally on the upright wall surface 21, And surrounding the concrete vertical wall 1 around the building such that the expansion waterstop 4 is located between the upright wall surface 21 and the straight strip 31 of the water strip 3; and (c) constructing the field at the building base The cast concrete upper deck 5A is such that the concrete of the concrete upper deck 5A covers the shear reinforcement 12, the water intercepting strip 3 and the expanded waterstop strip 4.
參閱圖6及圖7所示,本發明之建築物防漏構造,其較佳的第二具體實施例係應用在建築物10的混凝土立牆與混凝土下層板5B之間的防漏構造,其包含:一混凝土立牆1,該混凝土立牆1同樣可為場鑄混凝土立牆、半預鑄凝土立牆或預鑄凝土立牆,用於作為建築物的連續壁或外牆,該混凝土立牆1具有一朝向內部的直立牆面13。一截水條3,其呈現水平狀固定在該混凝土立牆1的直立牆面13,截水條3其斷面形狀與上述第一實施例相同具有連接成倒L形的一直條31與一橫條32,只是與上述第一實施例相反方向組裝,該直條31同樣通過多數個固定元件6固定在該直立牆面13,該直條31的一下邊T形對接於一下擋條36的一面,該橫條32的一側邊T形對接於一側擋條34的一面,該側擋條34與該直條31之間形成一截水空間35。一膨脹止水條4,其為吸水膨脹樹脂與合成橡膠組合成變性橡膠體,其夾設在該直立牆面13與該截水條3的直條31之間。及一場鑄的混凝土下層板5B,該混凝土下層板5B的下方為基地內的地層,該混凝土下層板5B包覆該截水條3與該膨脹止水條4。藉此,本發明之建築物防漏構造,可在該建築物10的混凝土下層板5B下方的水(地下水)從該混凝土立牆1的直立牆面13與該混凝土下層板5B之間的收縮縫隙往上滲入時,由該膨脹止水條4與該截水條3攔截滲入的水,阻止滲入的水流進該混凝土下層板5B以上的室內空間20。Referring to Figures 6 and 7, the second embodiment of the building leakage preventing structure of the present invention is a leakage preventing structure applied between the concrete vertical wall of the building 10 and the concrete lower deck 5B. The utility model comprises: a concrete vertical wall 1 which can also be a field cast concrete vertical wall, a semi-column concrete vertical wall or a concrete concrete vertical wall, which is used as a continuous wall or an outer wall of a building, The concrete vertical wall 1 has an upright wall 13 facing the interior. a water strip 3 which is horizontally fixed to the upright wall surface 13 of the concrete vertical wall 1. The water cut strip 3 has the same cross-sectional shape as the first embodiment, and has a straight strip 31 and an inverted L shape. The horizontal strip 32 is assembled only in the opposite direction to the first embodiment described above. The straight strip 31 is also fixed to the upright wall surface 13 by a plurality of fixing elements 6, and the lower side of the straight strip 31 is T-shapedly butted to the lower side rail 36. On one side, one side of the horizontal strip 32 is T-shaped to abut one side of the one side strip 34, and a water intercepting space 35 is formed between the side strip 34 and the straight strip 31. An expansion water stop strip 4 which is a combination of a water swellable resin and a synthetic rubber into a denatured rubber body interposed between the upright wall surface 13 and the straight strip 31 of the water strip 3. And a cast concrete lower deck 5B, below which is a ground layer in the base, and the concrete lower deck 5B covers the water cut strip 3 and the expansion water stop strip 4. Thereby, the leakage preventing structure of the building of the present invention can contract the water (groundwater) under the concrete lower deck 5B of the building 10 from the upright wall surface 13 of the concrete vertical wall 1 and the concrete lower deck 5B. When the slit penetrates upward, the infiltrated water is intercepted by the expansion waterstop 4 and the water intercepting strip 3, and the infiltrated water is prevented from flowing into the indoor space 20 above the concrete lower deck 5B.
上述該建築物防漏構造第二實施例之施工方法,其步驟包含:(a)在建築基地建構該混凝土立牆1,該混凝土立牆1可作為建築物的連續壁或外牆;(b)鎖附該截水條3與該膨脹止水條4在該混凝土立牆1的直立牆面13,使該截水條3與該膨脹止水條4在該直立牆面13上水平狀延伸,並環繞整個該建築物周圍的該混凝土立牆1,使該膨脹止水條4位於該直立牆面13與該截水條3的直條31之間;及(c)在建築基地建構該場鑄的混凝土下層板5B,使該混凝土下層板5B的混凝土包覆該截水條3與該膨脹止水條4。The construction method of the second embodiment of the leakage prevention structure of the above building comprises the steps of: (a) constructing the concrete vertical wall 1 at a building base, and the concrete vertical wall 1 can be used as a continuous wall or an outer wall of the building; Locking the water strip 3 and the expansion water stop 4 on the upright wall surface 13 of the concrete vertical wall 1 such that the water strip 3 and the expansion water stop 4 extend horizontally on the vertical wall surface 13 And surrounding the concrete vertical wall 1 around the building such that the expansion waterstop 4 is located between the upright wall surface 13 and the straight strip 31 of the water strip 3; and (c) constructing the building base The field-cast concrete lower deck 5B is such that the concrete of the concrete lower deck 5B covers the water intercepting strip 3 and the expansion waterstop strip 4.
再如圖8及圖9所示,為本發明該截水條3的另一較佳實施例,該截水條3可在該直條31與該橫條32相連的外側另外一體成型一斜擋條37,該斜擋條37的二端延伸到該直條31與該橫條32的外側,藉此,當該截水條3固定在上述該直立牆面21或13時,可使該膨脹止水條4位於該上擋條33(或下擋條36)與斜擋條37之間,如此可利用該上擋條33(或下擋條36)與斜擋條37的邊緣抵靠在該直立牆面21或13,形成雙重擋水的功能。As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , in another preferred embodiment of the water strip 3 of the present invention, the water strip 3 can be integrally formed with an oblique shape on the outer side of the straight strip 31 and the horizontal strip 32. a baffle 37, the two ends of which extend to the outside of the straight strip 31 and the horizontal strip 32, whereby when the water strip 3 is fixed to the vertical wall surface 21 or 13, the The expansion stop bar 4 is located between the upper bar 33 (or the lower bar 36) and the diagonal bar 37, so that the upper bar 33 (or the lower bar 36) can be used to abut against the edge of the diagonal bar 37. On the upright wall surface 21 or 13, a double water retaining function is formed.
綜上所述,本發明建築物防漏構造及其施工方法,已確具實用性與創作性,其技術手段之運用亦出於新穎無疑,且功效與設計目的誠然符合,已稱合理進步至明。為此,依法提出發明專利申請,惟懇請 鈞局惠予詳審,並賜准專利為禱,至感德便。In summary, the leakage prevention structure and construction method of the building of the invention have practicality and creativity, and the application of the technical means is novel and undoubted, and the effect and design purpose are in line with the fact that it has been reasonably improved to Bright. To this end, the invention patent application was filed according to law, but the bureau was requested to give a detailed examination, and the patent was granted as a prayer.
10 建築物 20 室內空間 1 混凝土立牆 11 頂端 12 剪力鋼筋 13 直立牆面 2 外導牆 21 直立牆面 3 截水條 31 直條 32 橫條 33 上擋條 34 側擋條 35 截水空間 36 下擋條 37 斜擋條 4 膨脹止水條 5A 混凝土上層板 5B 混凝土下層板 6 固定元件10 Buildings 20 Interior space 1 Concrete vertical wall 11 Top 12 Shear reinforcement 13 Upright wall 2 Outer wall 21 Upright wall 3 Water strip 31 Straight bar 32 Bar 33 Upper bar 34 Side bar 35 Water cut space 36 lower bar 37 diagonal bar 4 expansion waterstop 5A concrete upper plate 5B concrete lower plate 6 fixing element
圖1為習知建築物地下室結構與滲漏水位置之剖面示意圖。 圖2為本發明建築物防漏構造第一實施例之立體示意圖。 圖3為本發明建築物防漏構造第一實施例之分解示意圖。 圖4為本發明建築物防漏構造第一實施例之剖面示意圖。 圖5為本發明建築物防漏構造第一實施例之截水條安裝狀態示意圖。 圖6為本發明建築物防漏構造第二實施例之剖面示意圖。 圖7為本發明建築物防漏構造第二實施例之截水條安裝狀態示意圖。 圖8為本創作截水條另一實施例之立體示意圖。 圖9為本創作截水條另一實施例之安裝狀態示意圖。1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional building basement structure and a leaking water position. 2 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a leakage preventing structure of a building according to the present invention. Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the first embodiment of the leakage preventing structure of the building of the present invention. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the leakage preventing structure of the building of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the installation state of the water intercepting strip of the first embodiment of the building leakage preventing structure of the present invention. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the leakage preventing structure of the building of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the state of installation of the water intercepting strip of the second embodiment of the building leakage preventing structure of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the water cut strip of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the mounting state of another embodiment of the water cut strip of the present invention.
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