TWI589108B - A control device for a switching power supply system and a switching power supply system - Google Patents
A control device for a switching power supply system and a switching power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- TWI589108B TWI589108B TW105133595A TW105133595A TWI589108B TW I589108 B TWI589108 B TW I589108B TW 105133595 A TW105133595 A TW 105133595A TW 105133595 A TW105133595 A TW 105133595A TW I589108 B TWI589108 B TW I589108B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
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- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Description
本發明涉及電路領域,更具體地涉及一種用於開關電源系統的控制裝置、及開關電源系統。 The present invention relates to the field of circuits, and more particularly to a control device for a switching power supply system and a switching power supply system.
源極驅動功率開關電源系統因結構簡單、系統啟動快等特點,被廣泛應用於發光二極體(Light Emitting Diode,LED)照明、手機充電等領域。 The source-driven power switching power supply system is widely used in the fields of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lighting and mobile phone charging due to its simple structure and fast system startup.
第1圖是典型的BUCK-BOOST架構的源極驅動功率開關電源系統的電路圖。在第1圖所示的系統中,交流輸入電壓VAC經過全波整流器BD1整流後,在電容C1上產生電壓Vbulk;脈波寬度調變(Pulse Width Modulation,PWM)控制器的GATE引腳通過電阻R1與電壓Vbulk連接並通過電容C4與地連接,電阻R1與電容C4一起構成RC充電電路;在電壓Vbulk通過電阻R1對電容C4進行充電的過程中,PWM控制器的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE逐漸增大;PWM控制器內部存在用以維持電壓VGATE處於高電位的鉗位元電路;當功率開關M1的閘極電壓(即,電壓VGATE)與源極電壓(即,PWM控制器的SW引腳處的電壓VSW)之間的電壓差值高於功率開關M1的導通閾值時,功率開關M1導通並形成源極跟隨器;這時,PWM控制器內部的控制SW引腳到VDD引腳的供電通路的連接與斷開的開關閉合,PWM控制器開始對電容C3充電;當PWM控制器的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD(即,PWM控制器的供電電壓)高於PWM控制器內部設定的欠壓保護電壓閾值時,PWM控制器開始通過SW引腳控制功率開關M1的導通和關斷,同時控制SW引腳到VDD引腳的供電通路的連接與斷開的開關斷開,電壓VDD由輔組繞組L2 提供。 Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a typical BUCK-BOOST architecture source-driven power switching power supply system. In the system shown in Figure 1, the AC input voltage V AC is rectified by the full-wave rectifier BD1, and a voltage Vbulk is generated across the capacitor C1; the GATE pin of the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller passes. Resistor R1 is connected to voltage Vbulk and connected to ground through capacitor C4. Resistor R1 and capacitor C4 together form an RC charging circuit. During voltage Vbulk charging capacitor C4 through resistor R1, the voltage at the GATE pin of the PWM controller V GATE gradually increases; there is a clamp circuit inside the PWM controller to maintain the voltage V GATE at a high potential; when the gate voltage of the power switch M1 (ie, voltage V GATE ) and the source voltage (ie, PWM control) When the voltage difference between the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the device is higher than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on and forms a source follower; at this time, the control SW pin inside the PWM controller is The connection of the power supply path of the VDD pin and the open switch are closed, and the PWM controller starts to charge the capacitor C3; when the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the PWM controller (ie, the supply voltage of the PWM controller) is higher than PWM Under-setting of the controller Protected voltage threshold, PWM control is started by controlling the power switch SW pin M1 is turned on and off, while the control pin to the SW power supply path VDD pin connection and disconnection of the switch is turned off, the voltage V DD by a secondary Group winding L2 is provided.
在包括第1圖所示的BUCK-BOOST架構的源極驅動功率開關電源系統在內的各種傳統的源極驅動功率開關電源系統中,都需要諸如,輔組繞組L2之類的額外的供電元器件對諸如,PWM控制器之類的控制裝置進行供電,所以存在成本高、供電效率低等不足。 In various conventional source-driven power switching power supply systems including the source-driven power switching power supply system of the BUCK-BOOST architecture shown in FIG. 1, additional power supply elements such as the auxiliary winding L2 are required. The device supplies power to a control device such as a PWM controller, so there are disadvantages such as high cost and low power supply efficiency.
本發明提供了一種新穎的用於開關電源系統的控制裝置、及開關電源系統。 The present invention provides a novel control device for a switching power supply system, and a switching power supply system.
根據本發明實施例的用於開關電源系統的控制裝置,包括第一引腳、第二引腳、第三引腳、第四引腳、連接在第一引腳與地之間的鉗位元模組、連接在第一引腳與第二引腳之間的二極體、連接在第二引腳與第三引腳之間的裝置功率開關、以及連接在第二引腳與第四引腳之間的第一開關,其中:第一引腳通過第一電阻與控制裝置的輸入電壓連接、通過第一電容與地連接、並且與開關電源系統中的系統功率開關的閘極連接,第二引腳與系統功率開關的源極連接,第三引腳通過第二電阻與地連接,第四引腳通過第二電容與地連接。在控制裝置上電後,第一引腳處的電壓逐漸增大,被鉗位元模組鉗位元,並且在系統功率開關導通時經由第二引腳和第四引腳對所述第二電容充電;在第二電容上的電壓高於控制裝置的欠壓保護電壓閾值時,控制裝置通過控制裝置功率開關的導通與關斷來控制系統功率開關的導通與關斷,並且通過控制第一開關的閉合與斷開來控制第二電容的充電與放電。 A control device for a switching power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention includes a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, a fourth pin, and a clamp element connected between the first pin and the ground a module, a diode connected between the first pin and the second pin, a device power switch connected between the second pin and the third pin, and a second lead and a fourth lead connected a first switch between the feet, wherein: the first pin is connected to the input voltage of the control device through the first resistor, connected to the ground through the first capacitor, and connected to the gate of the system power switch in the switching power supply system, The second pin is connected to the source of the system power switch, the third pin is connected to the ground through the second resistor, and the fourth pin is connected to the ground through the second capacitor. After the control device is powered up, the voltage at the first pin gradually increases, is clamped by the clamp module, and is coupled to the second via the second pin and the fourth pin when the system power switch is turned on Capacitor charging; when the voltage on the second capacitor is higher than the undervoltage protection voltage threshold of the control device, the control device controls the turning on and off of the power switch of the system by controlling the power switch to be turned on and off, and is controlled by the first The closing and opening of the switch controls the charging and discharging of the second capacitor.
根據本發明實施例的用於開關電源系統的控制裝置,包括第一引腳、第二引腳、第三引腳、第四引腳、連接在第一引腳與地之間的鉗位元模組、連接在第一引腳與第二引腳之間的二極體、連接在第一引腳與第四引腳之間的二極體、連接在第二引腳與第三引腳之間的裝置功率開關、以及連接在第二引腳與第四引腳之間的第一開關,其中:第一引腳與開關電源系統中的系統功率開關的閘極連接,第二引腳與系統功率開關 的源極連接,第三引腳通過第二電阻與地連接,第四引腳通過第一電阻與控制裝置的輸入電壓連接、並且通過第一電容與地連接。在控制裝置上電後,第一引腳處的電壓跟隨第四引腳處的電壓逐漸增大,被鉗位元模組鉗位元,並且在系統功率開關導通時經由第二引腳和第四引腳對第一電容充電;在第二電容上的電壓高於控制裝置的欠壓保護電壓閾值時,控制裝置通過控制裝置功率開關的導通與關斷來控制系統功率開關的導通與關斷,並且通過控制第一開關的閉合與斷開來控制第一電容的充電與放電。 A control device for a switching power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention includes a first pin, a second pin, a third pin, a fourth pin, and a clamp element connected between the first pin and the ground a module, a diode connected between the first pin and the second pin, a diode connected between the first pin and the fourth pin, and connected to the second pin and the third pin a device power switch between the device and a first switch connected between the second pin and the fourth pin, wherein: the first pin is connected to a gate of a system power switch in the switching power supply system, and the second pin And system power switch The source is connected, the third pin is connected to the ground through the second resistor, and the fourth pin is connected to the input voltage of the control device through the first resistor, and is connected to the ground through the first capacitor. After the control device is powered up, the voltage at the first pin gradually increases with the voltage at the fourth pin, is clamped by the clamp module, and is passed through the second pin and the system when the system power switch is turned on. The four pins charge the first capacitor; when the voltage on the second capacitor is higher than the undervoltage protection voltage threshold of the control device, the control device controls the turning on and off of the system power switch by controlling the power switch to be turned on and off. And controlling the charging and discharging of the first capacitor by controlling the closing and opening of the first switch.
根據本發明實施例的開關電源系統,包括如上所述的控制裝置。 A switching power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the control device as described above.
在包括根據發明實施例的控制裝置的開關電源系統中,通過控制系統功率開關的導通與關斷來產生對於控制裝置的供電電壓,因此不需增加額外的週邊元器件或變壓器繞組。這使得包括根據本發明實施例的控制裝置的開關電源系統的系統成本低、電源轉換效率高。 In a switching power supply system including a control device according to an embodiment of the invention, the supply voltage to the control device is generated by controlling the turn-on and turn-off of the system power switch, so that no additional peripheral components or transformer windings need to be added. This makes the system of the switching power supply system including the control device according to the embodiment of the present invention low in cost and high in power conversion efficiency.
BD1‧‧‧全波整流器 BD1‧‧‧ Full Wave Rectifier
Drain‧‧‧汲極電壓 Drain‧‧‧汲polar voltage
U1‧‧‧鉗位元模組 U1‧‧‧ clamp element module
Tblank‧‧‧遮罩時間 Tblank‧‧‧ mask time
U2‧‧‧驅動模組 U2‧‧‧ drive module
Clamp‧‧‧夾鉗 Clamp‧‧‧ clamp
U3‧‧‧偵測模組 U3‧‧‧Detection Module
FUSE‧‧‧保險絲 FUSE‧‧‧Fuse
U4‧‧‧比較器 U4‧‧‧ comparator
VAC‧‧‧交流輸入電壓 V AC ‧‧‧AC input voltage
RC‧‧‧充電電路 RC‧‧‧Charging circuit
PWM‧‧‧脈波寬度調變 PWM‧‧‧ pulse width modulation
L2‧‧‧輔組繞組 L2‧‧‧Auxiliary winding
D1、D2、D3‧‧‧二極體 D1, D2, D3‧‧‧ diode
Vref‧‧‧參考電壓 Vref‧‧‧reference voltage
300、500、600‧‧‧控制裝置 300, 500, 600‧‧‧ control devices
R1、R2‧‧‧電阻 R1, R2‧‧‧ resistance
C1、C3、C4、C5‧‧‧電容 C1, C3, C4, C5‧‧‧ capacitors
K1、K2‧‧‧開關 K1, K2‧‧‧ switch
GATE、SW、VDD、CS‧‧‧引腳 GATE, SW, VDD, CS‧‧‧ pins
M1、M2‧‧‧功率開關 M1, M2‧‧‧ power switch
Vbulk、VGATE、VSW、VDD、VCS‧‧‧電壓 Vbulk, V GATE , V SW , V DD , V CS ‧‧‧ voltage
通過閱讀以下參照附圖對非限制性實施例所作的詳細描述,本發明的其它特徵、目的、和優點將會變得更明顯,其中,相同或相似的附圖標記表示相同或相似的特徵。 Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the aspects of the appended claims.
第1圖是典型的BUCK-BOOST架構的源極驅動功率開關電源系統的電路圖;第2圖是根據本發明實施例的開關電源系統的電路圖;第3圖是根據本發明第一實施例的用於第2圖所示的開關電源系統的控制裝置的電路圖;第4圖是第3圖所示的控制裝置中的PWM信號、CS引腳處的電壓信號、SW引腳處的電壓信號、以及開關K1的控制信號的時序圖;第5圖是根據本發明第二實施例的用於第2圖所示的開關電源系統的控制裝置的電路圖;以及 第6圖是根據本發明第三實施例的用於第2圖所示的開關電源系統的控制裝置的電路圖。 1 is a circuit diagram of a source-driven power switching power supply system of a typical BUCK-BOOST architecture; FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a diagram of a first embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a control device of the switching power supply system shown in FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a PWM signal in the control device shown in FIG. 3, a voltage signal at the CS pin, a voltage signal at the SW pin, and a timing chart of a control signal of the switch K1; Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a control device for the switching power supply system shown in Fig. 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a control device for the switching power supply system shown in Fig. 2 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
現在將參考附圖更全面地描述示例實施方式。然而,示例實施方式能夠以多種形式實施,且不應被理解為限於在此闡述的實施方式;相反,提供這些實施方式使得本發明更全面和完整,並將示例實施方式的構思全面地傳達給本領域的技術人員。在圖中相同的附圖標記表示相同或類似的結構,因而將省略它們的詳細描述。 Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be embodied in a variety of forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more complete and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the example embodiments. Those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.
此外,所描述的特徵、結構或特性可以以任何合適的方式結合在一個或更多實施例中。在下面的描述中,提供許多具體細節從而給出對本發明的實施例的充分理解。然而,本領域技術人員將意識到,可以實踐本發明的技術方案而沒有所述特定細節中的一個或更多,或者可以採用其它的方法、組元、材料等。在其它情況下,不詳細示出或描述公知結構、材料或者操作以避免模糊本發明的主要技術創意。 Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solution of the present invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, materials, and the like may be employed. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the invention.
鑒於上述情況,本發明提出了一種新穎的用於開關電源系統的控制裝置和控制方法、及開關電源系統。下面,結合附圖詳細描述根據本發明實施例的用於開關電源系統的控制裝置和控制方法、及開關電源系統。 In view of the above, the present invention proposes a novel control device and control method for a switching power supply system, and a switching power supply system. Hereinafter, a control device and a control method for a switching power supply system, and a switching power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第2圖是根據本發明實施例的開關電源系統的電路圖。結合第1圖和第2圖可以看出,第2圖所示的開關電源系統與第1圖所示的開關電源系統的區別在於,PWM控制器的供電電壓VDD由PWM控制器內部產生,而不需要額外的變壓器繞組。下面將結合第3圖至第5圖,詳細描述用於第2圖所示的開關電源系統的控制原理。 Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the difference between the switching power supply system shown in Fig. 2 and the switching power supply system shown in Fig. 1 is that the PWM controller supply voltage V DD is generated internally by the PWM controller. No additional transformer windings are needed. The control principle for the switching power supply system shown in Fig. 2 will be described in detail below with reference to Figs. 3 to 5.
需要說明的是,本發明並不拘泥於BUCK-BOOST架構的開關電源系統,以下描述的控制原理同樣適用於諸如FLY-BUCK、BUCK、以及BOOST之類架構的開關電源系統。所以,第3圖和第5圖中不再示出與開關電源系統的系統架構相關的器件,取而代之的是整流得 到的電壓Vbulk和功率開關M1的汲極電壓Drain。 It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the switching power supply system of the BUCK-BOOST architecture. The control principles described below are also applicable to the switching power supply system such as FLY-BUCK, BUCK, and BOOST. Therefore, the devices related to the system architecture of the switching power supply system are no longer shown in Figures 3 and 5, but instead are rectified. The voltage Vbulk and the drain voltage Drain of the power switch M1.
第3圖是根據本發明第一實施例的用於第2圖所示的開關電源系統的控制裝置的電路圖。如第3圖所示,控制裝置300包括鉗位元模組U1、驅動模組U2、二極體D2、二極體D3、開關K1、以及功率開關M2;控制裝置300的外部連接關係如下:控制裝置300的GATE引腳通過電阻R1與電壓Vbulk連接並通過電容C4與地連接,電阻R1與電容C4一起構成RC充電電路;控制裝置300的GATE引腳還與功率開關M1的閘極連接;控制裝置300的SW引腳與功率開關M1的源極連接;控制裝置300的CS引腳通過電阻R2與地連接;控制裝置300的VDD引腳通過電容C5與地連接。這裡,開關K1是控制裝置300內部的控制SW引腳到VDD引腳的供電通路的連接與斷開的開關,其初始狀態是閉合狀態。 Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a control device for the switching power supply system shown in Fig. 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the control device 300 includes a clamp module U1, a drive module U2, a diode D2, a diode D3, a switch K1, and a power switch M2; the external connection relationship of the control device 300 is as follows: The GATE pin of the control device 300 is connected to the voltage Vbulk through the resistor R1 and connected to the ground through the capacitor C4. The resistor R1 and the capacitor C4 together form an RC charging circuit; the GATE pin of the control device 300 is also connected to the gate of the power switch M1; The SW pin of the control device 300 is connected to the source of the power switch M1; the CS pin of the control device 300 is connected to the ground through a resistor R2; and the VDD pin of the control device 300 is connected to the ground through a capacitor C5. Here, the switch K1 is a switch that controls the connection and disconnection of the power supply path of the SW pin to the VDD pin inside the control device 300, and its initial state is a closed state.
在包括控制裝置300的開關電源系統上電後,電壓Vbulk通過電阻R1對電容C4充電,使得控制裝置300的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE逐漸增大;控制裝置300內部的鉗位元模組U1維持電壓VGATE的高電位不高於鉗位元電壓;當功率開關M1的閘極電壓(即,電壓VGATE)與源極電壓(即,控制裝置300的SW引腳處的電壓VSW)之間的電壓差值高於功率開關M1的導通閾值時,功率開關M1導通並形成源極跟隨器;這時,由於控制裝置300內部的控制SW引腳到VDD引腳的供電通路的連接與斷開的開關K1是閉合的,所以控制裝置300開始對電容C5充電;當控制裝置300的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD(即,控制裝置300的供電電壓)高於控制裝置300內部設定的欠壓保護電壓閾值時,控制裝置300開始產生PWM信號;驅動模組U2基於PWM信號控制功率開關M2的導通與關斷,從而控制功率開關M1的導通與關斷;開關K1基於PWM信號的反向信號閉合或斷開。 After the switching power supply system including the control device 300 is powered on, the voltage Vbulk charges the capacitor C4 through the resistor R1, so that the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 300 gradually increases; the clamp module inside the control device 300 The high potential of the U1 sustain voltage V GATE is not higher than the clamp voltage; when the gate voltage of the power switch M1 (ie, the voltage V GATE ) and the source voltage (ie, the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 300) When the voltage difference between the voltage switches is higher than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on and forms a source follower; at this time, since the control device 300 internally controls the connection of the SW pin to the power supply path of the VDD pin and The open switch K1 is closed, so the control device 300 starts charging the capacitor C5; when the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 300 (ie, the power supply voltage of the control device 300) is higher than the internal setting of the control device 300 When the voltage threshold is undervoltage protection, the control device 300 starts to generate a PWM signal; the driving module U2 controls the turning on and off of the power switch M2 based on the PWM signal, thereby controlling the turning on and off of the power switch M1; the switch K1 is based on the PWM signal Closing or opening to the signal.
這裡,當PWM信號為高位準時,功率開關M2導通,開關K1斷開;當PWM信號為低位準時,功率開關M2關斷,開關K1閉合;當PWM信號從低位準變為高位準時,功率開關M2從關斷變為導 通,開關K1從閉合變為斷開。為了使在功率開關M2從導通變為關斷時控制裝置300的SW引腳處產生的振鈴電壓的主要電荷被提供給控制裝置300的GATE引腳,在PWM信號從高位準變為低位準時開關K1不會立即從斷開變為閉合而是經過一段遮罩時間之後才會從斷開變為閉合。 Here, when the PWM signal is at a high level, the power switch M2 is turned on, and the switch K1 is turned off; when the PWM signal is at a low level, the power switch M2 is turned off, the switch K1 is turned off; when the PWM signal is changed from the low level to the high level, the power switch M2 Change from turn off On, the switch K1 changes from closed to open. In order to make the main charge of the ringing voltage generated at the SW pin of the control device 300 when the power switch M2 is changed from on to off is supplied to the GATE pin of the control device 300, the PWM signal is changed from the high level to the low level switch. K1 does not immediately change from open to closed but after a period of masking.
第4圖是第3圖所示的控制裝置中的PWM信號、CS引腳處的電壓信號、SW引腳處的電壓信號、以及開關K1的控制信號的時序圖。結合第3圖和第4圖可以看出: Fig. 4 is a timing chart of the PWM signal, the voltage signal at the CS pin, the voltage signal at the SW pin, and the control signal of the switch K1 in the control device shown in Fig. 3. As can be seen in conjunction with Figures 3 and 4:
當PWM信號為高位準時,功率開關M2導通,開關K1斷開,控制裝置300的SW引腳處的電壓VSW被功率開關M2下拉至較低位準,即,控制裝置300的CS引腳處的電壓VCS,二極體D2和二極體D3處於關斷狀態,控制裝置300的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD被電容C5保持,控制裝置300的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE被電容C4保持。此時,由於功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的電壓差值高於功率開關M1的導通閾值,所以功率開關M1是導通的。 When the PWM signal is high, the power switch M2 is turned on, the switch K1 is turned off, and the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 300 is pulled down to the lower level by the power switch M2, that is, at the CS pin of the control device 300. The voltage V CS , the diode D2 and the diode D3 are in an off state, and the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 300 is held by the capacitor C5, and the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 300 is capacitive. C4 remains. At this time, since the voltage difference between the gate voltage V GATE of the power switch M1 and the source voltage V SW is higher than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on.
當PWM信號從高位準變為低位準時,功率開關M2關斷,開關K1仍然斷開,控制裝置300的SW引腳處存在因LC諧振產生的較高的振鈴電壓;此時,由於開關K1仍然斷開,振鈴電壓被控制裝置300內部的鉗位元模組U1和SW引腳與GATE引腳之間的二極體D2鉗位元;振鈴電壓對應的多餘電荷流入與控制裝置300的GATE引腳連接的電容C4;振鈴電壓高於鉗位元模組U1的鉗位元電壓的部分被鉗位元模組U1泄放到地,控制裝置300的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE維持在鉗位元模組U1的鉗位元電壓附近。此時,由於功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的電壓差值低於功率開關M1的導通閾值,所以功率開關M1是關斷的。 When the PWM signal changes from a high level to a low level, the power switch M2 is turned off, the switch K1 is still turned off, and a high ringing voltage due to LC resonance exists at the SW pin of the control device 300; at this time, since the switch K1 is still Disconnected, the ringing voltage is clamped by the clamp module U1 inside the control device 300 and the diode D2 clamp between the SW pin and the GATE pin; the excess charge corresponding to the ringing voltage flows into the GATE of the control device 300. The capacitor C4 connected to the pin; the portion of the ringer voltage higher than the clamp voltage of the clamp module U1 is discharged to the ground by the clamp module U1, and the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 300 is maintained at the clamp The clamp module U1 is near the clamp voltage. At this time, since the voltage difference between the gate voltage V GATE of the power switch M1 and the source voltage V SW is lower than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned off.
當PWM信號從高位準變為低位準一段時間後,功率開關M2仍然關斷,開關K1閉合,由於控制裝置300的SW引腳處的電壓VSW與控制裝置300的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD之間的電壓差值大於二極 體D3的導通閾值,所以二極體D3導通,控制裝置300的SW引腳處的電壓VSW被二極體D3鉗位元到控制裝置300的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD附近;當控制裝置300的供電電壓(即,電壓VDD)因為對控制裝置300的供電而下降得較低時,功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的電壓差值高於功率開關M1的導通閾值,功率開關M1導通並形成源極跟隨器;功率開關M1將其閘極電壓VGATE輸送給控制裝置300的VDD引腳,使電壓VDD維持在穩定位準。 After the PWM signal changes from the high level to the low level for a period of time, the power switch M2 is still turned off, and the switch K1 is closed due to the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 300 and the voltage V at the VDD pin of the control device 300. The voltage difference between the DDs is greater than the conduction threshold of the diode D3, so the diode D3 is turned on, and the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 300 is clamped by the diode D3 to the VDD of the control device 300. Near the voltage V DD at the foot; when the supply voltage of the control device 300 (ie, the voltage V DD ) drops lower due to power supply to the control device 300, the gate voltage V GATE and the source voltage V of the power switch M1 The voltage difference between the SW is higher than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on and forms a source follower; the power switch M1 supplies its gate voltage V GATE to the VDD pin of the control device 300 to make the voltage V DD is maintained at a stable level.
具體地,控制裝置300的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD可以由以下等式表示:VDD=V GATE -V GS -V D3 Specifically, the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 300 can be expressed by the following equation: VDD = V GATE - V GS - V D3
其中,VGATE是控制裝置300的GATE引腳處的電壓並且等於鉗位元模組U1的鉗位元電壓,VGS是功率開關M1的導通閾值,VD3是二極體D3的導通閾值。 Wherein, V GATE is the voltage at the GATE pin of the control device 300 and is equal to the clamp voltage of the clamp module U1, V GS is the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, and V D3 is the conduction threshold of the diode D3.
在第3圖所示的控制裝置300中,對控制裝置300的供電由控制裝置300內部控制實現,而不需要外部的輔組繞組。為了使控制裝置300的SW引腳處的、在功率開關M2關斷時產生的振鈴電壓的主要電荷被提供給控制裝置300的GATE引腳,在PWM信號從高位準變為低位準時,控制開關K1經過設定的遮罩時間Tblank後閉合。 In the control device 300 shown in Fig. 3, the power supply to the control device 300 is controlled by the internal control of the control device 300 without the need for an external auxiliary winding. In order to make the main charge of the ringing voltage generated at the SW pin of the control device 300 when the power switch M2 is turned off is supplied to the GATE pin of the control device 300, the control switch is turned on when the PWM signal changes from a high level to a low level. K1 is closed after the set mask time Tblank.
第5圖是根據本發明第二實施例的用於第2圖所示的開關電源系統的控制裝置的電路圖。如第5圖所示,控制裝置500除了包括鉗位元模組U1、驅動模組U2、二極體D2、二極體D3、開關K1、以及功率開關M2以外,進一步包括開關K2、偵測模組U3、以及比較器U4;控制裝置500的外部連接關係如下:控制裝置500的GATE引腳通過電阻R1與電壓Vbulk連接並通過電容C4與地連接,電阻R1與電容C4一起構成RC充電電路;控制裝置500的GATE引腳還與功率開關M1的閘極連接;控制裝置500的SW引腳與功率開關M1的源極連接;控制裝置500的CS引腳通過電阻R2與地連接;控制裝置500的VDD引腳通過電容C5 與地連接。這裡,開關K1是控制裝置500內部的控制SW引腳到VDD引腳的供電通路的連接與斷開的開關,其初始狀態是閉合狀態;開關K2是控制裝置500內部的控制GATE引腳到VDD引腳的供電的開關,其初始狀態是斷開狀態。 Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a control device for the switching power supply system shown in Fig. 2 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the control device 500 further includes a switch K2 and a detection, in addition to the clamp module U1, the drive module U2, the diode D2, the diode D3, the switch K1, and the power switch M2. Module U3, and comparator U4; the external connection relationship of the control device 500 is as follows: the GATE pin of the control device 500 is connected to the voltage Vbulk through the resistor R1 and connected to the ground through the capacitor C4, and the resistor R1 and the capacitor C4 together form an RC charging circuit. The GATE pin of the control device 500 is also connected to the gate of the power switch M1; the SW pin of the control device 500 is connected to the source of the power switch M1; the CS pin of the control device 500 is connected to the ground through the resistor R2; 500 VDD pin through capacitor C5 Connected to the ground. Here, the switch K1 is a switch that controls the connection and disconnection of the power supply path of the SW pin to the VDD pin inside the control device 500, and its initial state is a closed state; the switch K2 is a control GATE pin to the VDD inside the control device 500. The pin-powered switch has an initial state that is off.
在包括控制裝置500的開關電源系統上電後,電壓Vbulk通過電阻R1對電容C4進行充電,使得控制裝置500的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE逐漸增大;控制裝置500內部的鉗位元模組U1維持電壓VGATE的高電位不高於鉗位元電壓;當功率開關M1的閘極電壓(即,電壓VGATE)與源極電壓(即,即,控制裝置500的SW引腳處的電壓VSW)之間的電壓差值高於功率開關M1的導通閾值時,功率開關M1導通並形成源極跟隨器;這時,由於控制裝置500內部的控制SW引腳到VDD引腳的供電通路的連接與斷開的開關K1是閉合的,所以控制裝置500開始對電容C5充電;當控制裝置500的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD(即,控制裝置500的供電電壓)高於控制裝置500內部設定的欠壓保護電壓閾值時,控制裝置500開始產生PWM信號;驅動模組U2基於PWM信號控制功率開關M2的導通與關斷,從而控制功率開關M1的導通與關斷;開關K1基於PWM信號的反向信號閉合或斷開。 After the switching power supply system including the control device 500 is powered up, the voltage Vbulk charges the capacitor C4 through the resistor R1, so that the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 500 is gradually increased; the clamp mode of the control device 500 is internal. The high potential of the group U1 sustain voltage V GATE is not higher than the clamp voltage; when the gate voltage of the power switch M1 (ie, the voltage V GATE ) and the source voltage (ie, at the SW pin of the control device 500) When the voltage difference between the voltages V SW ) is higher than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on and forms a source follower; at this time, since the control device 500 internally controls the power supply path from the SW pin to the VDD pin. The connected and disconnected switch K1 is closed, so the control device 500 starts charging the capacitor C5; when the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 500 (ie, the supply voltage of the control device 500) is higher than the control device 500 When the undervoltage protection voltage threshold is set internally, the control device 500 starts to generate a PWM signal; the driving module U2 controls the turning on and off of the power switch M2 based on the PWM signal, thereby controlling the turning on and off of the power switch M1; the switch K1 is based on P The reverse signal of the WM signal is closed or opened.
這裡,當PWM信號為高位準時,功率開關M2導通,開關K1斷開;當PWM信號為低位準時,功率開關M2關斷,開關K1閉合;當PWM信號從低位準變為高位準時,功率開關M2從關斷變為導通,開關K1從閉合變為斷開。為了使在功率開關M2關斷時控制裝置500的SW引腳處產生的振鈴電壓的主要電荷被提供給控制裝置500的GATE引腳,在PWM信號從高位準變為低位準時開關K1不會立即從斷開變為閉合而是經過一段遮罩時間之後才會從斷開變為閉合。 Here, when the PWM signal is at a high level, the power switch M2 is turned on, and the switch K1 is turned off; when the PWM signal is at a low level, the power switch M2 is turned off, the switch K1 is turned off; when the PWM signal is changed from the low level to the high level, the power switch M2 From off to on, switch K1 changes from closed to open. In order to make the main charge of the ringing voltage generated at the SW pin of the control device 500 when the power switch M2 is turned off is supplied to the GATE pin of the control device 500, the switch K1 does not immediately turn when the PWM signal changes from a high level to a low level. It changes from open to closed, but after a period of masking, it changes from open to closed.
當PWM信號為高位準時,功率開關M2導通,開關K1斷開,控制裝置500的SW引腳處的電壓VSW被功率開關M2下拉至較低位準,即,控制裝置500的CS引腳處的電壓VCS,所以二極體D2和二極 體D3處於關斷狀態,控制裝置500的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD被電容C5保持,控制裝置500的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE被電容C4保持。此時,由於功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的電壓差值高於功率開關M1的導通閾值,所以功率開關M1是導通的。 When the PWM signal is at a high level, the power switch M2 is turned on, the switch K1 is turned off, and the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 500 is pulled down to a lower level by the power switch M2, that is, at the CS pin of the control device 500. The voltage V CS , so the diode D2 and the diode D3 are in the off state, the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 500 is held by the capacitor C5, and the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 500 is Capacitor C4 is held. At this time, since the voltage difference between the gate voltage V GATE of the power switch M1 and the source voltage V SW is higher than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on.
當PWM信號從高位準變為低位準時,功率開關M2關斷,開關K1仍然斷開,控制裝置500的SW引腳處存在因LC諧振產生的較高的振鈴電壓;此時,由於開關K1仍然斷開,振鈴電壓被控制裝置500內部的鉗位元模組U1和SW引腳與GATE引腳之間的二極體D2鉗位元;振鈴電壓對應的多餘電荷流入與控制裝置500的GATE引腳連接的電容C4;偵測模組U3偵測控制裝置500的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE,並將偵測結果輸出到比較器U4;比較器U4在電壓VGATE高於參考電壓Vref時控制與控制裝置500的VDD引腳連接的開關K2閉合,並在電壓VGATE低於參考電壓Vref時控制與控制裝置500的VDD引腳連接的開關K2斷開,以將振鈴電壓高於參考電壓的部分對應的多餘電荷經由控制裝置500的引腳VDD提供給電容C5,從而提高供電效率;控制裝置500的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE維持在鉗位元模組U1的鉗位元電壓附近。此時,由於功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的電壓差值低於功率開關M1的導通閾值,所以功率開關M1是關斷的。這裡,參考電壓Vref可以是大於控制裝置500的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD並且小於鉗位元模組U1的鉗位元電壓的預定電壓。 When the PWM signal changes from a high level to a low level, the power switch M2 is turned off, the switch K1 is still turned off, and a high ringing voltage due to LC resonance exists at the SW pin of the control device 500; at this time, since the switch K1 is still Disconnected, the ringing voltage is clamped by the clamp module U1 inside the control device 500 and the diode D2 clamp between the SW pin and the GATE pin; the excess charge corresponding to the ringing voltage flows into the GATE of the control device 500. The capacitor C4 connected to the foot; the detecting module U3 detects the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 500, and outputs the detection result to the comparator U4; the comparator U4 is when the voltage V GATE is higher than the reference voltage Vref The switch K2 that controls the connection to the VDD pin of the control device 500 is closed, and controls the switch K2 connected to the VDD pin of the control device 500 to be turned off when the voltage V GATE is lower than the reference voltage Vref to set the ringing voltage higher than the reference voltage. The corresponding excess charge is supplied to the capacitor C5 via the pin VDD of the control device 500, thereby improving the power supply efficiency; the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 500 is maintained near the clamp voltage of the clamp module U1. . At this time, since the voltage difference between the gate voltage V GATE of the power switch M1 and the source voltage V SW is lower than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned off. Here, the reference voltage Vref may be a predetermined voltage that is greater than the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 500 and smaller than the clamp voltage of the clamp module U1.
當PWM信號從高位準變為低位準一段時間後,功率開關M2仍然關斷,開關K1閉合,由於控制裝置500的SW引腳處的電壓VSW與控制裝置500的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD之間的電壓差值大於二極體D3的導通閾值,所以二極體D3導通,控制裝置500的SW引腳處的電壓VSW被二極體D3下拉至控制裝置500的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD附近;當控制裝置500的供電電壓(即,電壓VDD)因為對控制裝置500的供電而下降得較低時,功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的 電壓差值高於功率開關M1的導通閾值,功率開關M1導通並形成源極跟隨器;功率開關M1將其閘極電壓VGATE輸送給控制裝置500的VDD引腳,使電壓VDD維持在穩定位準。 After the PWM signal changes from the high level to the low level for a period of time, the power switch M2 is still turned off, and the switch K1 is closed due to the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 500 and the voltage V at the VDD pin of the control device 500. The voltage difference between the DDs is greater than the turn-on threshold of the diode D3, so the diode D3 is turned on, and the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 500 is pulled down by the diode D3 to the VDD pin of the control device 500. Near the voltage V DD ; when the supply voltage of the control device 500 (ie, the voltage V DD ) drops lower because of the power supply to the control device 500, the gate voltage V GATE of the power switch M1 and the source voltage V SW The voltage difference between the two is higher than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on and forms a source follower; the power switch M1 supplies its gate voltage V GATE to the VDD pin of the control device 500 to maintain the voltage V DD At a stable level.
可以看出,結合第3圖至第5圖描述了這樣一種用於開關電源系統的控制裝置(例如,控制裝置300),包括第一引腳(例如,GATE引腳)、第二引腳(例如,SW引腳)、第三引腳(例如,CS引腳)、第四引腳(例如,VDD引腳)、連接在第一引腳與地之間的鉗位元模組(例如,鉗位元模組U1)、連接在第一引腳與第二引腳之間的二極體(例如,二極體D2)、連接在第二引腳與第三引腳之間的裝置功率開關(例如,功率開關M2)、以及連接在第二引腳與第四引腳之間的第一開關(例如,開關K1),其中:第一引腳通過第一電阻(例如,電阻R1)與控制裝置的輸入電壓(例如,電壓Vbulk)連接、通過第一電容(例如,電容C4)與地連接、並且與開關電源系統中的系統功率開關(例如,功率開關M1)的閘極連接,第二引腳與系統功率開關的源極連接,第三引腳通過第二電阻(例如,電阻R2)與地連接,第四引腳通過第二電容(例如,電容C5)與地連接。在控制裝置上電後,第一引腳處的電壓(例如,電壓VGATE)逐漸增大,被鉗位元模組鉗位元,並且在系統功率開關導通時經由第二引腳和第四引腳對所述第二電容充電;在第二電容上的電壓高於控制裝置的欠壓保護電壓閾值時,控制裝置通過控制裝置功率開關的導通與關斷來控制系統功率開關的導通與關斷,並且通過控制第一開關的閉合與斷開來控制第二電容的充電與放電。這裡,控制裝置基於第一控制信號(例如,PWM信號)控制裝置功率開關的導通與關斷,並且基於第一控制信號的反向信號控制第一開關的閉合與斷開。 It can be seen that a control device (for example, control device 300) for a switching power supply system including a first pin (for example, a GATE pin) and a second pin (described in conjunction with FIGS. 3 to 5) is described. For example, a SW pin), a third pin (eg, a CS pin), a fourth pin (eg, a VDD pin), a clamp module connected between the first pin and ground (eg, Clamping element module U1), a diode connected between the first pin and the second pin (for example, diode D2), and a device power connected between the second pin and the third pin a switch (eg, power switch M2), and a first switch (eg, switch K1) coupled between the second pin and the fourth pin, wherein: the first pin passes the first resistor (eg, resistor R1) Connected to an input voltage of the control device (eg, voltage Vbulk), connected to ground through a first capacitor (eg, capacitor C4), and connected to a gate of a system power switch (eg, power switch M1) in the switching power supply system, The second pin is connected to the source of the system power switch, and the third pin is connected to the ground through a second resistor (for example, resistor R2). A second capacitor connected to ground via (e.g., capacitors C5). After the control device is powered up, the voltage at the first pin (eg, voltage V GATE ) gradually increases, is clamped by the clamp module, and is passed through the second pin and the fourth when the system power switch is turned on. The pin charges the second capacitor; when the voltage on the second capacitor is higher than the undervoltage protection voltage threshold of the control device, the control device controls the turn-on and turn-off of the system power switch by controlling the power switch to be turned on and off. The charge and discharge of the second capacitor are controlled by controlling the closing and opening of the first switch. Here, the control device controls the turning on and off of the device power switch based on the first control signal (eg, the PWM signal), and controls the closing and opening of the first switch based on the reverse signal of the first control signal.
在一些實施例中,控制裝置(例如,控制裝置500)還可以包括連接在第一引腳與第四引腳之間的第二開關(例如,開關K2)、偵測第一引腳處的電壓的偵測模組(例如,偵測模組U3)、以及基於偵測模組偵測到的電壓與預定電壓(例如,參考電壓Vref)的比較結 果生成控制第二開關的閉合與斷開的第二控制信號的比較器(例如,比較器U4)。其中,當偵測模組偵測到的電壓高於預定電壓時,第二控制信號為高位準,第二開關閉合;當偵測模組偵測到的電壓低於預定電壓時,第二控制信號為低位準,第二開關斷開。 In some embodiments, the control device (eg, the control device 500) may further include a second switch (eg, the switch K2) connected between the first pin and the fourth pin, detecting the first pin The voltage detection module (for example, the detection module U3) and the comparison between the voltage detected by the detection module and a predetermined voltage (for example, the reference voltage Vref) A comparator (eg, comparator U4) that controls the closing and opening of the second control signal of the second switch is generated. Wherein, when the voltage detected by the detecting module is higher than the predetermined voltage, the second control signal is at a high level, and the second switch is closed; when the detected voltage of the detecting module is lower than a predetermined voltage, the second control The signal is at a low level and the second switch is open.
第6圖是根據本發明第三實施例的用於第2圖所示的開關電源系統的控制裝置的電路圖。如第6圖所示,控制裝置600除了包括鉗位元模組U1、驅動模組U2、偵測模組U3、比較器U4、二極體D2、二極體D3、開關K1、開關K2、以及功率開關M2以外進一步包括二極體D4;並且控制裝置600的外部連接關係如下:控制裝置600的VDD引腳通過電阻R1與電壓Vbulk連接並通過電容C5與地連接,電阻R1與電容C4一起構成RC充電電路;控制裝置600的GATE引腳與功率開關M1的閘極連接;控制裝置600的SW引腳與功率開關M1的源極連接;控制裝置600的CS引腳通過電阻R2與地連接。這裡,開關K1是控制裝置600內部的控制SW引腳到VDD引腳的供電通路的連接與斷開的開關,其初始狀態是閉合狀態;開關K2是控制裝置600內部的控制GATE引腳到VDD引腳的供電的開關,其初始狀態是斷開狀態。 Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a control device for the switching power supply system shown in Fig. 2 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the control device 600 includes a clamp module U1, a drive module U2, a detection module U3, a comparator U4, a diode D2, a diode D3, a switch K1, and a switch K2. And the power switch M2 further includes a diode D4; and the external connection relationship of the control device 600 is as follows: the VDD pin of the control device 600 is connected to the voltage Vbulk through the resistor R1 and connected to the ground through the capacitor C5, and the resistor R1 is combined with the capacitor C4 Forming an RC charging circuit; the GATE pin of the control device 600 is connected to the gate of the power switch M1; the SW pin of the control device 600 is connected to the source of the power switch M1; and the CS pin of the control device 600 is connected to the ground through the resistor R2 . Here, the switch K1 is a switch that controls the connection and disconnection of the power supply path of the SW pin to the VDD pin inside the control device 600, and its initial state is a closed state; the switch K2 is a control GATE pin to the VDD inside the control device 600. The pin-powered switch has an initial state that is off.
在包括控制裝置600的開關電源系統上電後,電壓Vbulk通過電阻R1對電容C5進行充電,使得控制裝置600的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD逐漸增大;當控制裝置600的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD(即,控制裝置600的供電電壓)高於控制裝置600內部設定的欠壓保護電壓閾值時,控制裝置600開始產生PWM信號;驅動模組U2基於PWM信號控制功率開關M2的導通與關斷,從而控制功率開關M1的導通與關斷;開關K1基於PWM信號的反向信號閉合或斷開。 After powering up the switching power supply system including the control device 600, the voltage Vbulk charges the capacitor C5 through the resistor R1, so that the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 600 gradually increases; when the VDD pin of the control device 600 When the voltage V DD (ie, the power supply voltage of the control device 600) is higher than the undervoltage protection voltage threshold set by the control device 600, the control device 600 starts generating the PWM signal; the driving module U2 controls the conduction of the power switch M2 based on the PWM signal. And turning off, thereby controlling the turning on and off of the power switch M1; the switch K1 is turned on or off based on the reverse signal of the PWM signal.
這裡,當PWM信號為高位準時,功率開關M2導通,開關K1斷開;當PWM信號為低位準時,功率開關M2關斷,開關K1閉合;當PWM信號從低位準變為高位準時,功率開關M2從關斷變為導通,開關K1從閉合變為斷開。為了使在功率開關M2關斷時控制裝置600 的SW引腳處產生的振鈴電壓的主要電荷被提供給控制裝置600的GATE引腳,在PWM信號從高位準變為低位準時開關K1不會立即從斷開變為閉合而是經過一段遮罩時間之後才會從斷開變為閉合。 Here, when the PWM signal is at a high level, the power switch M2 is turned on, and the switch K1 is turned off; when the PWM signal is at a low level, the power switch M2 is turned off, the switch K1 is turned off; when the PWM signal is changed from the low level to the high level, the power switch M2 From off to on, switch K1 changes from closed to open. In order to control the device 600 when the power switch M2 is turned off The main charge of the ringing voltage generated at the SW pin is supplied to the GATE pin of the control device 600, and the switch K1 does not immediately change from open to closed but passes through a mask when the PWM signal changes from a high level to a low level. It will change from disconnected to closed after time.
在控制裝置600內部,VDD引腳與GATE引腳通過二極體D4連接,在控制裝置600的開機階段其GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE受其VDD引腳處的電壓VDD控制。具體地,電壓VGATE可以由等式VGATE=VDD-D4表示,其中D4表示二極體D4的導通閾值。 Inside the control device 600, the VDD pin is connected to the GATE pin via a diode D4, and the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 600 is controlled by the voltage V DD at its VDD pin. Specifically, the voltage V GATE can be represented by the equation V GATE =V DD -D4, where D4 represents the conduction threshold of the diode D4.
當PWM信號為高位準時,功率開關M2導通,開關K1斷開,控制裝置600的SW引腳處的電壓VSW被功率開關M2下拉至較低位準,即,控制裝置600的CS引腳處的電壓VCS。此時,控制裝置600的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD被電容C5保持,控制裝置600的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE被二極體D4鉗位元到電壓VDD附近,二極體D2和D3處於關斷狀態。由於功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的電壓差值大於功率開關M1的導通閾值,所以功率開關M1導通。 When the PWM signal is high, the power switch M2 is turned on, the switch K1 is turned off, and the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 600 is pulled down to the lower level by the power switch M2, that is, at the CS pin of the control device 600. The voltage V CS . At this time, the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 600 is held by the capacitor C5, and the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 600 is clamped by the diode D4 to the vicinity of the voltage V DD , the diode D2 And D3 is in the off state. Since the voltage difference between the gate voltage V GATE of the power switch M1 and the source voltage V SW is greater than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on.
當PWM信號從高位準變為低位準時,功率開關M2關斷,開關K1仍然斷開,控制裝置600的SW引腳處存在因LC諧振產生的較高的振鈴電壓;此時,由於開關K1仍然斷開,振鈴電壓被控制裝置600內部的鉗位元模組U1和SW引腳與GATE引腳之間的二極體D2鉗位元;振鈴電壓對應的多餘電荷流入與控制裝置600的GATE引腳;偵測模組U3偵測控制裝置600的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE;比較器U4在控制裝置600的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE低於參考電壓Vref時,控制與控制裝置600的VDD引腳連接的開關K2斷開,控制裝置600的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE被二極體D4鉗位元在控制裝置600的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD附近,電容C5放電以對控制裝置600供電;比較器U4在控制裝置600的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE高於參考電壓Vref時,控制與控制裝置600的VDD引腳連接的開關K2閉合,以將控制裝置600的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE的電荷引導至控制裝置600的VDD引腳,對電容C5充電, 從而提高供電效率;如果控制裝置600的GATE引腳處的電壓VGATE繼續上升到達更高將被鉗位元模組U1鉗位元到其鉗位元電壓附近。此時,由於功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的電壓差值低於功率開關M1的導通閾值,所以功率開關M1是關斷的。這裡,參考電壓Vref可以是大於控制裝置600的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD且小於鉗位元模組U1的鉗位元電壓的預定電壓。 When the PWM signal changes from a high level to a low level, the power switch M2 is turned off, the switch K1 is still turned off, and a high ringing voltage due to LC resonance exists at the SW pin of the control device 600; at this time, since the switch K1 is still Disconnected, the ringing voltage is controlled by the clamp element module U1 inside the control device 600 and the diode D2 clamp element between the SW pin and the GATE pin; the excess charge corresponding to the ringing voltage flows into the GATE of the control device 600. feet; V GATE voltage detection module detects U3 at pin GATE control device 600; comparator U4 when the voltage at pin V GATE GATE control device 600 is lower than the reference voltage Vref, the control device 600 control The switch K2 connected to the VDD pin is disconnected, and the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 600 is clamped by the diode D4 to the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 600, and the capacitor C5 is discharged. Powering the control device 600; when the voltage V GATE at the GATE pin of the control device 600 is higher than the reference voltage Vref, the switch K2 that controls the connection with the VDD pin of the control device 600 is closed to turn the control device 600 the voltage V GATE GATE pin charge director The control device 600 of the VDD pin, charging the capacitor C5, thereby improving the power supply efficiency; voltage V GATE GATE pin if the control means 600 continues to rise to a higher element module U1 will be clamped thereto with clamp forceps Near the bit voltage. At this time, since the voltage difference between the gate voltage V GATE of the power switch M1 and the source voltage V SW is lower than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned off. Here, the reference voltage Vref may be a predetermined voltage that is greater than the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 600 and less than the clamp voltage of the clamp module U1.
當PWM信號從高位準變為低位準一段時間後,功率開關M2仍然關斷,開關K1閉合,當控制裝置600的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD由於對控制裝置600的供電下降得比較低時,控制裝置600的SW引腳處的電壓VSW與控制裝置600的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD之間的電壓差值大於二極體D3的導通閾值,二極體D3導通,控制裝置600的SW引腳處的電壓VSW被二極體D3下拉至控制裝置600的VDD引腳處的電壓VDD附近,功率開關M1的閘極電壓VGATE與源極電壓VSW之間的電壓差值高於功率開關M1的導通閾值,功率開關M1導通並形成源極跟隨器;功率開關M1將其閘極電壓VGATE輸送給控制裝置600的VDD引腳,使電壓VDD維持在穩定位準。 After the PWM signal changes from the high level to the low level for a period of time, the power switch M2 is still turned off, and the switch K1 is closed, when the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 600 is lowered due to the power supply to the control device 600. The voltage difference between the voltage V SW at the SW pin of the control device 600 and the voltage V DD at the VDD pin of the control device 600 is greater than the conduction threshold of the diode D3, and the diode D3 is turned on, and the control device 600 The voltage V SW at the SW pin is pulled down by the diode D3 to the voltage V DD near the VDD pin of the control device 600, and the voltage difference between the gate voltage V GATE of the power switch M1 and the source voltage V SW The value is higher than the conduction threshold of the power switch M1, the power switch M1 is turned on and forms a source follower; the power switch M1 supplies its gate voltage V GATE to the VDD pin of the control device 600 to maintain the voltage V DD at a stable level .
可以看出,結合第6圖描述了這樣一種控制裝置(例如,控制裝置600),包括第一引腳(例如,GATE引腳)、第二引腳(例如,SW引腳)、第三引腳(例如,CS引腳)、第四引腳(例如,VDD引腳)、連接在第一引腳與地之間的鉗位元模組(例如,鉗位元模組U1)、連接在第一引腳與第二引腳之間的二極體(例如,二極體D2)、連接在第一引腳與第四引腳之間的二極體(例如,二極體D4)、連接在第二引腳與第三引腳之間的裝置功率開關(例如,功率開關M2)、以及連接在第二引腳與第四引腳之間的第一開關(例如,開關K1),其中:第一引腳與開關電源系統中的系統功率開關(例如,功率開關M1)的閘極連接,第二引腳與系統功率開關的源極連接,第三引腳通過第二電阻(例如,電阻R2)與地連接,第四引腳通過第一電阻(例如,電阻R1) 與控制裝置的輸入電壓連接、並且通過第一電容(例如,電容C5)與地連接。在控制裝置上電後,第一引腳處的電壓跟隨第四引腳處的電壓逐漸增大,被鉗位元模組鉗位元,並且在系統功率開關導通時經由第二引腳和第四引腳對第一電容充電;在第二電容上的電壓高於控制裝置的欠壓保護電壓閾值時,控制裝置通過控制裝置功率開關的導通與關斷來控制系統功率開關的導通與關斷,並且通過控制第一開關的閉合與斷開來控制第一電容的充電與放電。 It can be seen that a control device (eg, control device 600) is described in conjunction with FIG. 6, including a first pin (eg, a GATE pin), a second pin (eg, a SW pin), a third lead. a pin (eg, a CS pin), a fourth pin (eg, a VDD pin), a clamp module connected between the first pin and ground (eg, clamp module U1), connected a diode between the first pin and the second pin (for example, the diode D2), a diode connected between the first pin and the fourth pin (for example, the diode D4), a device power switch (eg, power switch M2) connected between the second pin and the third pin, and a first switch (eg, switch K1) connected between the second pin and the fourth pin, Wherein: the first pin is connected to the gate of the system power switch (for example, the power switch M1) in the switching power supply system, the second pin is connected to the source of the system power switch, and the third pin is passed through the second resistor (for example , the resistor R2) is connected to the ground, and the fourth pin is passed through the first resistor (for example, the resistor R1) It is connected to the input voltage of the control device and is connected to the ground through a first capacitor (for example, capacitor C5). After the control device is powered up, the voltage at the first pin gradually increases with the voltage at the fourth pin, is clamped by the clamp module, and is passed through the second pin and the system when the system power switch is turned on. The four pins charge the first capacitor; when the voltage on the second capacitor is higher than the undervoltage protection voltage threshold of the control device, the control device controls the turning on and off of the system power switch by controlling the power switch to be turned on and off. And controlling the charging and discharging of the first capacitor by controlling the closing and opening of the first switch.
在一些實施例中,控制裝置(例如,控制裝置600)還可以包括連接在第一引腳與第四引腳之間的第二開關(例如,開關K2)、偵測第一引腳處的電壓的偵測模組(例如,偵測模組U3)、以及基於偵測模組偵測到的電壓與預定電壓(例如,參考電壓Vref)的比較結果生成控制第二開關的閉合與斷開的第二控制信號的比較器(例如,比較器U4)。其中,當偵測模組偵測到的電壓高於預定電壓時,第二控制信號為高位準,第二開關閉合;當偵測模組偵測到的電壓低於預定電壓時,第二控制信號為低位準,第二開關斷開。 In some embodiments, the control device (eg, the control device 600) may further include a second switch (eg, the switch K2) connected between the first pin and the fourth pin, detecting the first pin The voltage detecting module (for example, the detecting module U3) and the comparison result of the voltage detected by the detecting module and the predetermined voltage (for example, the reference voltage Vref) are generated to control the closing and opening of the second switch. A comparator of the second control signal (eg, comparator U4). Wherein, when the voltage detected by the detecting module is higher than the predetermined voltage, the second control signal is at a high level, and the second switch is closed; when the detected voltage of the detecting module is lower than a predetermined voltage, the second control The signal is at a low level and the second switch is open.
在包括第1圖所示的BUCK-BOOST架構的源極驅動功率開關電源系統在內的各種傳統的源極驅動功率開關電源系統中,都需要諸如,輔組繞組L2之類的額外的供電元器件對諸如,PWM控制器之類的控制裝置進行供電,所以存在成本高、供電效率低等不足。 In various conventional source-driven power switching power supply systems including the source-driven power switching power supply system of the BUCK-BOOST architecture shown in FIG. 1, additional power supply elements such as the auxiliary winding L2 are required. The device supplies power to a control device such as a PWM controller, so there are disadvantages such as high cost and low power supply efficiency.
根據本發明實施例的控制裝置可以廣泛適用於採用源極開關控制的電源適配器、手機充電器、以及LED照明等多個開關電源領域。 The control device according to the embodiment of the present invention can be widely applied to a plurality of switching power supply fields such as a power adapter, a mobile phone charger, and an LED illumination controlled by a source switch.
但是,需要明確,本發明並不局限於上文所描述並在圖中示出的特定配置和處理。並且,為了簡明起見,這裡省略對已知方法技術的詳細描述。在上述實施例中,描述和示出了若干具體的步驟作為示例。但是,本發明的方法過程並不限於所描述和示出的具體步驟,本領域的技術人員可以在領會本發明的精神之後,作出各種改變、修改和添加, 或者改變步驟之間的順序。 However, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and illustrated in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known method techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity. In the above embodiments, several specific steps have been described and illustrated as examples. However, the method of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and illustrated, and those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions after the spirit of the present invention. Or change the order between the steps.
本發明可以以其他的具體形式實現,而不脫離其精神和本質特徵。例如,特定實施例中所描述的演算法可以被修改,而系統體系結構並不脫離本發明的基本精神。因此,當前的實施例在所有方面都被看作是示例性的而非限定性的,本發明的範圍由所附申請專利範圍而非上述描述定義,並且,落入申請專利範圍的含義和等同物的範圍內的全部改變從而都被包括在本發明的範圍之中。 The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics. For example, the algorithms described in the specific embodiments can be modified, and the system architecture does not depart from the basic spirit of the invention. The present embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not limiting, and the scope of the invention All changes in the scope of the invention are thus included in the scope of the invention.
300‧‧‧控制裝置 300‧‧‧Control device
R1、R2‧‧‧電阻 R1, R2‧‧‧ resistance
U1‧‧‧鉗位元模組 U1‧‧‧ clamp element module
M1、M2‧‧‧功率開關 M1, M2‧‧‧ power switch
U2‧‧‧驅動模組 U2‧‧‧ drive module
D2、D3‧‧‧二極體 D2, D3‧‧‧ diode
K1‧‧‧開關 K1‧‧‧ switch
C4、C5‧‧‧電容 C4, C5‧‧‧ capacitor
Drain‧‧‧汲極電壓 Drain‧‧‧汲polar voltage
Vbulk‧‧‧電壓 Vbulk‧‧‧ voltage
PWM‧‧‧脈波寬度調變 PWM‧‧‧ pulse width modulation
Clamp‧‧‧夾鉗 Clamp‧‧‧ clamp
GATE、SW、VDD、CS‧‧‧引腳 GATE, SW, VDD, CS‧‧‧ pins
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