TWI588449B - Rotary encoder - Google Patents

Description

Rotary encoder

The present invention relates to a rotary encoder.

For example, as described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-95242 (Patent Document 1). The rotary encoder of Patent Document 1 has a mechanical shaft, a click mechanism that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft, an encoder mechanism that detects a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft, and a switching mechanism that is pressed by the mechanical shaft.

The encoder mechanism of Patent Document 1 is configured such that a rotor attached to a mechanical shaft and a slider attached to a bottom surface side of the rotor are slidably coupled to an annular electrode pattern formed on an encoder substrate disposed under the rotor. .

[Previous Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-95242

However, in the rotary encoder of Patent Document 1, since the rotor is also pulled if the mechanical shaft is pressed, the slider is pressed by the resistance pattern. As a result, when the mechanical shaft is pressed with a strong force, there is a case where the slider is deformed and the reliability of the output of the encoder is lowered.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary encoder capable of suppressing deformation of a slider caused by pressing of a mechanical shaft.

In order to solve the above problems, a rotary encoder according to the present invention includes: a mechanical shaft; and an encoder mechanism that holds the mechanical shaft in a rotatable state and can be moved up and down, and detects a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; and a switch mechanism that is pressed by an end portion of the mechanical shaft that is inserted into the encoder mechanism; and the encoder mechanism is attached to the mechanical shaft so as to be rotatable integrally with the mechanical shaft a rotor of a mechanical shaft, a slider attached to the rotor, and a fixed contact member for sliding the slider, and the encoder is disposed such that the slider is located closer to the switch mechanism than the fixed contact member The mechanism and the above switching mechanism.

According to the present invention, since the slider is located closer to the switch mechanism than the resistor pattern, even if the mechanical shaft is pressed, the slider can be biased in the direction away from the resistor pattern by the weight of the rotor, so that the slider can be prevented. It is pressed by the resistor pattern. Thereby, deformation of the slider can be suppressed, and the reliability of the output of the encoder can be suppressed from being lowered.

Moreover, in one embodiment, the encoder mechanism may have a substrate, and the fixed contact member may be a resistor pattern provided on the substrate.

According to the above-described embodiment, by using the resistor pattern provided on the substrate as the fixed contact member, in addition to the resistor pattern of the continuous shape of the ring shape or the comb shape, a plurality of discontinuous portions may be used. Since the resistor pattern is used, the degree of freedom in selecting the resistor pattern can be increased.

Further, as another embodiment, the mechanical shaft may be movable up and down with respect to the rotor.

According to the other embodiment described above, since the mechanical shaft can move up and down with respect to the rotor, even if the mechanical shaft is pressed, the position of the rotor can be maintained while the slider and the resistor pattern are maintained. Contact.

According to the rotary encoder of the present invention, since the deformation of the slider caused by the pressing of the mechanical shaft can be suppressed, the reliability of the output of the encoder due to the deformation of the slider can be suppressed.

1‧‧‧Rotary encoder

2‧‧‧Shell

3‧‧‧ mechanical shaft

5‧‧‧Restricted components

6‧‧‧Encoder organization

7‧‧‧Switching mechanism

21‧‧‧Upper wall

21a‧‧‧孔部

22‧‧‧ side wall

22a‧‧‧ hole part (switch fixing part)

22b‧‧‧Slot (encoder fixed part)

22c‧‧‧Deduction

23‧‧‧Blint (encoder fixed part)

24‧‧‧ protruding piece (encoder fixing part)

30‧‧‧ Gear-shaped outer circumference

31‧‧‧ convex

32‧‧‧ recess

35‧‧‧Operation Department

36‧‧‧End

51‧‧‧1st contact department

52‧‧‧2nd contact department

60‧‧‧Encoder substrate

60a‧‧‧ recess

60b‧‧‧ protrusion

61‧‧‧resist pattern

62‧‧‧resist pattern

63‧‧‧resist pattern

64‧‧‧ Hole Department

65‧‧‧Rotor

65a‧‧‧孔部

65b‧‧‧ protrusion

66‧‧‧ slider

68‧‧‧Insulation sheet

68a‧‧‧孔部

70‧‧‧Switch substrate

70a‧‧‧ recess

70b‧‧‧ protrusion

70c‧‧‧

71‧‧‧Electrical conductor

71a‧‧‧ Peripheral part

71b‧‧‧The zenith part

601‧‧‧Encoder terminal

601a‧‧‧End

602‧‧‧Encoder terminal

602a‧‧‧End

603‧‧‧Encoder terminal

603a‧‧‧End

651‧‧‧Long Path Department

652‧‧‧Short-diameter department

661‧‧‧1st contact department

662‧‧‧2nd contact department

663‧‧‧3rd Contact Department

671‧‧‧1st electrode part

672‧‧‧2nd electrode section

673‧‧‧3rd electrode section

701‧‧‧Switch terminals

702‧‧‧Switch terminals

703‧‧‧Switch terminals

A‧‧‧ points

B‧‧‧ points

C‧‧‧ points

X‧‧‧ direction

Y‧‧‧ direction

Z‧‧‧ direction

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a rotary encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the bottom of the rotary encoder.

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the top of the rotary encoder.

Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the bottom of the rotary encoder.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary encoder.

Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view from below the encoder mechanism.

Figure 7 is a perspective view from below the encoder mechanism.

Figure 8 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the encoder mechanism.

Figure 9 is a waveform diagram showing the output waveform of the encoder mechanism.

Figure 10 is a plan view showing the relationship between the mechanical shaft and the restricting member.

Fig. 11A is a graph showing changes in torque of the first contact portion and the second contact portion when the mechanical shaft rotates.

Fig. 11B is a graph showing changes in torque after combining the torque of the first contact portion with the torque of the second contact portion.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

The rotary encoder of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises: a mechanical shaft; an encoder mechanism that holds the mechanical shaft in a rotatably and vertically movable state, and detects the rotation of the mechanical shaft. Direction and rotation angle; and switching mechanism, And being pressed by an end portion of the mechanical shaft inserted into the encoder mechanism; and the encoder mechanism has a rotor that is rotatably attached to the mechanical shaft and is attached to the rotor of the mechanical shaft, a slider attached to the rotor, and The slider is slidably attached to the fixed contact member, and the encoder mechanism and the switch mechanism are disposed such that the slider is located closer to the switch mechanism than the fixed contact member.

Here, the fixed contact member used in the rotary encoder of the present invention is a fixed contact member, and is a contact member for sliding the slider to rotate together with the mechanical shaft. The fixed contact member may be in the form of a conductive member having various shapes provided on a support such as a substrate, for example, a resistor pattern, or may be in the form of a fixed contact member itself serving as a support. In the following embodiments, an example in which a resistor pattern is used for a fixed contact member will be described.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a rotary encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the bottom of the rotary encoder. Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the top of the rotary encoder. Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the bottom of the rotary encoder. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary encoder.

In each of the figures, the width direction of the rotary encoder is set to the X direction, and the longitudinal direction of the rotary encoder is set to the Y direction. Set the height direction of the rotary encoder to the Z direction. The positive direction of the Z direction is set to the upper side, and the negative direction of the Z direction is set to the lower side.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the rotary encoder 1 has a housing 2, a mechanical shaft 3 having a rotation axis and movable along the rotation axis, and a restriction member 5 which limits the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3; The mechanism 6 detects the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3, and the switching mechanism 7 is pressed by the mechanical shaft 3 by the movement of the mechanical shaft 3 along the rotation axis. The restriction member 5, the encoder mechanism 6, and the switch mechanism 7 are arranged along the axis of the mechanical shaft 3 from the upper side to the lower side.

The housing 2 contains, for example, a metal. The casing 2 integrally assembles the mechanical shaft 3, the restriction member 5, the encoder mechanism 6, and the switch mechanism 7.

The housing 2 has an upper wall 21, side walls 22, 22 disposed on both sides of the upper wall 21 in the X direction and extending downward; and a protruding wall 23 disposed in the positive direction of the Y direction of the upper wall 21 and facing The lower portion extends; and the protruding piece 24 is disposed in a negative direction of the Y direction of the upper wall 21 and extends downward. The upper wall 21 has a hole portion 21a. The side wall 22 has a hole portion 22a on the lower side and a groove portion 22b on the upper side. A locking portion 22c that protrudes toward the inner side of the casing 2 is provided on the inner surface of the hole portion 22a. The protruding wall 23 extends over the entire length of the upper wall 21 in the X direction. The tab 24 is provided at a central portion of the upper wall 21 in the X direction.

The mechanical shaft 3 contains, for example, a resin. The mechanical shaft 3 has an operation portion 35, a gear-shaped outer circumferential surface 30, and an end portion 36. The operation portion 35, the gear-shaped outer peripheral surface 30, and the end portion 36 are arranged in order from the upper side to the lower side along the rotation axis. The operation unit 35 has a notch that is a symbol of the rotation of the mechanical shaft 3. The gear-shaped outer peripheral surface 30 includes a plurality of convex portions 31 and concave portions 32. The plurality of convex portions 31 and the concave portions 32 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The operation portion 35 penetrates the hole portion 21a of the upper wall 21 of the casing 2, and the user can operate the operation portion 35 from the outside of the casing 2.

The restricting member 5 contains, for example, a metal. The restricting member 5 is, for example, a leaf spring. The restricting member 5 has a first contact portion 51 and a second contact portion 52 that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3 . The first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 elastically energize and contact the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, and are fitted in the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3 to be restricted. The angle of rotation of the mechanical shaft 3. The first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 are formed by bending. The first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 are located at substantially opposite positions.

The encoder mechanism 6 holds the mechanical shaft 3 in a rotatable state and is vertically movable, and detects the rotational direction and the rotational angle of the mechanical shaft 3, and has an encoder substrate 60 having an electric resistance. Body patterns 61, 62, 63, and encoder terminals 601, 602, 603 electrically connected to the resistor patterns 61, 62, 63; and a rotor 65 mounted on the mechanical shaft so as to be rotatable together with the mechanical shaft 3 3; and a slider 66 attached to the rotor 65 and slidably connected to the resistor patterns 61, 62, 63.

The encoder substrate 60 includes, for example, a resin. Provided on the upper surface of the encoder substrate 60 The recess 60a is fitted with the restricting member 5 in the recess 60a. Projections 60b are provided on both sides of the encoder substrate 60 in the X direction. The projection 60b is fitted into the groove portion 22b of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. Both sides of the encoder substrate 60 in the Y direction are sandwiched by the projecting walls 23 and the tabs 24. In this manner, the encoder substrate 60 is fixed to the casing 2 by the groove portion 22b of the side wall 22, the protruding wall 23, and the protruding piece 24. In other words, the groove portion 22b of the side wall 22, the protruding wall 23, and the tab 24 constitute an encoder fixing portion that fixes the encoder substrate 60. A hole portion 64 that is an insertion hole that holds the mechanical shaft 3 in the inserted state is formed in the center of the encoder substrate 60.

The resistor patterns 61, 62, 63 are provided on the lower surface of the encoder substrate 60. The resistor patterns 61, 62, 63 are used to detect the direction of rotation and the angle of rotation of the mechanical shaft 3. The first resistor pattern 61, the second resistor pattern 62, and the third resistor pattern 63 are formed in a ring shape and arranged concentrically. The first resistor pattern 61, the second resistor pattern 62, and the third resistor pattern 63 are arranged in order from the outer side to the inner side in the diameter direction. The first resistor pattern 61 and the second resistor pattern 62 are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. The third resistor pattern 63 is continuously formed.

The encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603 are inserted and formed on the encoder substrate 60. The first encoder terminal 601 is electrically connected to the first resistor pattern 61, the second encoder terminal 602 is electrically connected to the second resistor pattern 62, and the third encoder terminal 603 is electrically connected to the third resistor. Body pattern 63.

The rotor 65 may be rotated integrally with the mechanical shaft 3, and may or may not be movable in the axial direction. In the figure, the case where the rotor 65 is positioned in the circumferential direction with respect to the mechanical shaft 3 and is movable in the axial direction (upper limit movement) is shown. Specifically, the rotor 65 has a D-shaped hole portion 65a. The outer peripheral surface of the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3 is formed in a D shape. The end portion 36 of the D shape is fitted to the hole portion 65a of the D shape, and the rotor 65 is fixed in the circumferential direction with respect to the mechanical shaft 3 and is not fixed in the axial direction.

The rotor 65 is formed in a substantially elliptical shape. The rotor 65 has a long diameter portion 651 in which the outer diameter of the rotor 65 is a long diameter, and a short diameter portion 652 having a short diameter in the outer diameter of the rotor 65. Long diameter section The length of the 651 is larger than the gap between the locking portions 22c of the opposite side walls 22, and the length of the short diameter portion 652 is smaller than the gap between the locking portions 22c of the opposing side walls 22. In other words, the buckle portion 22c is detached without the short diameter portion 652 being buckled, and the long diameter portion 651 is configured to be detachable by the rotation of the rotor 65.

The slider 66 includes, for example, a metal. The slider 66 is fixed to the two projections 65b on the upper surface of the rotor 65. The slider 66 is formed in a ring shape. The slider 66 has a first contact portion 661, a second contact portion 662, and a third contact portion 663. The first contact portion 661, the second contact portion 662, and the third contact portion 663 are arranged in order from the outer side to the inner side in the diameter direction. The first contact portion 661, the second contact portion 662, and the third contact portion 663 are electrically connected. The first contact portion 661 can be in contact with the first resistor pattern 61, the second contact portion 662 can be in contact with the second resistor pattern 62, and the third contact portion 663 can be in contact with the third resistor pattern 63.

The switch mechanism 7 includes a switch substrate 70, first to third switch terminals 701, 702, and 703, which are provided on the switch substrate 70, and a conductor 71 which is provided on the switch substrate 70 and is driven by the mechanical shaft 3. The end 36 is pressed. The conductor 71 is electrically connected to the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702. The conductor 71 is pressed by the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3, and is electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, and electrically connects the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 and the third switch terminal 703. When the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 are electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, the switch signal is turned on. For example, each function operates by turning on the switching signal. Further, only one of the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 may be provided with a switch terminal.

Projections 70b are provided on both sides of the switch substrate 70 in the X direction. The projection 70b is fitted into the hole portion 22a of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. In this manner, the switch substrate 70 is fixed to the casing 2 by the hole portion 22a of the side wall 22. In other words, the hole portion 22a of the side wall 22 constitutes a switch fixing portion that fixes the switch substrate 70.

A step portion 70c is provided on one side of the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 in the X direction. At the step 70c, the ends of the bent encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603 are engaged. That is, the encoder substrate 60 and the switch substrate 70 are combined by the bent encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603. One.

The depth of the step 70c is deeper than the thickness of the encoder terminals 601, 602, 603. Thereby, when the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 is placed on the mounting substrate, the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 can be used as the installation surface instead of the encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603.

The first to third switch terminals 701, 702, and 703 are inserted and formed on the switch substrate 70. The third switch terminal 703 is located between the first switch terminal 701 and the second switch terminal 702.

The electric conductor 71 has elasticity. The electric conductor 71 is formed in a meander shape. The conductor 71 is embedded in the recess 70a on the upper surface of the switch substrate 70.

The peripheral portion 71a of the conductor 71 is electrically connected to the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702. The zenith portion 71b of the conductor 71 is isolated from the third switch terminal 703 in a free state of the conductor 71, and is electrically connected to the third portion by the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3 penetrating the encoder mechanism 7. Switch terminal 703.

That is, when the mechanical shaft 3 is pressed downward, the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3 presses the zenith portion 71b of the electric conductor 71, and the zenith portion 71b of the electric conductor 71 is electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703. Thereby, the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 are electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, and the switching signal is turned on.

On the other hand, when the pressing of the lower side of the mechanical shaft 3 is released, the conductor 71 returns to the free state, whereby the mechanical shaft 3 moves upward, and the zenith portion 71b of the conductor 71 is isolated from the third switch terminal 703. Thereby, the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 are not electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, and the switch signal is turned off.

Here, the slider 66 is located closer to the switch mechanism 7 side (lower side) than the resistor patterns 61, 62, and 63. Thereby, when the mechanical shaft 3 is pressed toward the switch mechanism 7, the slider 66 is biased in a direction away from the resistor patterns 61, 62, 63 even if the rotor 65 is pulled downward. Therefore, the slider 66 is not deformed by being pressed by the resistor patterns 61, 62, and 63, and the reliability of the output of the encoder mechanism 6 can be maintained. Furthermore, by moving the mechanical shaft 3 in the vertical direction with respect to the rotor 65, even if the mechanical shaft 3 is pressed, the position of the rotor 65 can be maintained while maintaining The slider 66 is in contact with the resistor patterns 61, 62, 63.

Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the encoder mechanism 6 as viewed from below. As shown in FIG. 6, the first, second, and third electrode portions 671, 672, and 673 are provided on the lower surface of the encoder substrate 60. The first electrode portion 671, the second electrode portion 672, and the third electrode portion 673 are formed in a ring shape and arranged concentrically. The first electrode portion 671, the second electrode portion 672, and the third electrode portion 673 are arranged in order from the outer side to the inner side in the diameter direction. The first electrode portion 671 is electrically connected to the end portion 601a of the first encoder terminal 601, the second electrode portion 672 is electrically connected to the end portion 602a of the second encoder terminal 602, and the third electrode portion 673 is electrically connected. It is connected to the end portion 603a of the third encoder terminal 603.

An insulating sheet 68 is laminated on the first, second, and third electrode portions 671, 672, and 673. The insulating sheet 68 covers the first electrode portion 671 and the second electrode portion 672 so that the first electrode portion 671 is intermittently exposed in the circumferential direction and the second electrode portion 672 is intermittently exposed in the circumferential direction. In other words, the insulating sheet 68 has a plurality of holes 68a intermittently arranged in the circumferential direction, and the first electrode portion 671 and the second electrode portion 672 are exposed from the hole portion 68a of the insulating sheet 68. The third electrode portion 673 is not covered by the insulating sheet 68.

The first resistor pattern 61 is provided in a portion where the first electrode portion 671 is exposed from the insulating sheet 68, the second resistor pattern 62 is provided in a portion where the second electrode portion 672 is exposed from the insulating sheet 68, and the third electrode portion 673 is provided in the third electrode portion 673. 3 resistor pattern 63.

Thereby, the first resistor pattern 61 is electrically connected to the first encoder terminal 601 via the first electrode portion 671, and the second resistor pattern 62 is electrically connected to the second encoder via the second electrode portion 672. The terminal 602 and the third resistor pattern 63 are electrically connected to the third encoder terminal 603 via the third electrode portion 673.

Figure 7 is a perspective view from below the encoder mechanism 6. As shown in FIG. 7, the first contact portion 661 of the slider 66 is located at a position corresponding to the first resistor pattern 61, and the second contact portion 662 of the slider 66 is located corresponding to the second resistor pattern 62. At the position, the third contact portion 663 of the slider 66 is located at a position corresponding to the third resistor pattern 63.

Further, the first contact portion 661 is alternately in contact with the first resistor pattern 61 and the insulating sheet 68 by the rotation of the slider 66, and the second contact portion 662 is alternated with the second resistor pattern 62 and the insulating sheet 68. contact. The third contact portion 663 is always in contact with the third resistor pattern 63. That is, the first encoder terminal 601 and the third encoder terminal 603 are intermittently electrically connected by the rotation of the slider 66, and the second encoder terminal 602 and the third encoder terminal 603 are intermittently electrically connected.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the encoder mechanism 6. Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram showing the output waveform of the encoder mechanism 6. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when the first encoder terminal 601 is electrically connected to the third encoder terminal 603, current flows between point A and point C, and the A signal is turned on. When the second encoder terminal 602 is electrically connected to the third encoder terminal 603, a current flows between point B and point C, and the B signal is turned on.

In the clockwise rotation of the slider 66, the rotation angle of the slider 66 from the start of the disconnection of the A signal to the start of the next disconnection is 60°. The B signal is also the same. Further, the deviation between the start of the disconnection of the A signal and the start of the disconnection of the B signal is 15° in the rotation angle of the slider 66. Further, when the slider 66 is rotated once (that is, the rotation angle of the slider 66 is 360°), the combination of the combination of the ON signal and the OFF signal of the A signal and the B signal is divided into 24 pieces. That is, it can be determined that the rotation angle of the slider 66 changes every 15 degrees when the slider 66 rotates once. Therefore, by judging the change of the A signal and the B signal, the rotation direction and the rotation angle (rotation amount) of the slider 66 can be judged.

Further, as described below, by shifting the waveform of the torque of the first contact portion 51 and the waveform of the torque of the second contact portion 52, the total number of clicks can be increased. Fig. 10 is a plan view showing the relationship between the mechanical shaft 3 and the restricting member 5. As shown in FIG. 10, when the first contact portion 51 of the restricting member 5 comes into contact with the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, the second contact portion 52 of the restricting member 5 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft 3. 30 recess 32. On the other hand, when the first contact portion 51 of the regulating member 5 is fitted into the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, the second contact portion 52 of the regulating member 5 and the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3 are formed. 31 contact. That is, at the first connection The phase difference between the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3 is set between the contact of the point portion 51 with the convex portion 31 and the contact between the second contact portion 52 and the convex portion 31. When the mechanical shaft 3 rotates, the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 are alternately fitted into the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3.

FIG. 11A is a graph showing changes in torque of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 when the mechanical shaft 3 rotates. As shown in FIG. 11A, as the mechanical shaft 3 rotates, the torque of each of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 becomes a maximum and minimum waveform of repetition. For example, when the mechanical shaft 3 rotates and the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3 passes against the elastic force of the first contact portion 51, the torque is maximized. When the torque becomes maximum from the maximum, the user gets a click feeling. The torque of the first contact portion 51 and the torque of the second contact portion 52 are alternately maximized.

FIG. 11B is a graph showing changes in the torque obtained by combining the torque of the first contact portion 51 and the torque of the second contact portion 52. As shown in FIG. 11B, the wavelength of the waveform of the combined torque is twice the wavelength of the waveform of each torque of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52. In other words, when the number of the combined torques is maximized (the number of clicks), the number of the first contact portions 51 is maximized (the number of clicks) and the torque of the second contact portion 52 is maximized. The number of the number (clicks) added.

Therefore, by shifting the waveform of the torque of the first contact portion 51 and the waveform of the torque of the second contact portion 52, the total number of clicks becomes the number of clicks of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52. 2 times. Therefore, even if the mechanical shaft 3 is made small, the number of clicks can be increased.

In the above embodiment, an example in which the resistor pattern is used for the fixed contact member will be described. However, the same effect can be obtained even if the fixed contact member itself also serves as a support. For example, a member in which a conductive material is impregnated into a resin substrate, and a material in which carbon black is impregnated into a phenol resin substrate may be used instead of the encoder substrate used in the above embodiment.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be added without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. For example, the housing The restricting member is not limited to the one described in the above embodiment, and various well-known housings or restricting members can be used.

1‧‧‧Rotary encoder

2‧‧‧Shell

3‧‧‧ mechanical shaft

5‧‧‧Restricted components

6‧‧‧Encoder organization

7‧‧‧Switching mechanism

21‧‧‧Upper wall

21a‧‧‧孔部

22‧‧‧ side wall

22a‧‧‧ hole part (switch fixing part)

22b‧‧‧Slot (encoder fixed part)

23‧‧‧Blint (encoder fixed part)

24‧‧‧ protruding piece (encoder fixing part)

30‧‧‧ Gear-shaped outer circumference

31‧‧‧ convex

32‧‧‧ recess

35‧‧‧Operation Department

36‧‧‧End

51‧‧‧1st contact department

52‧‧‧2nd contact department

60‧‧‧Encoder substrate

60a‧‧‧ recess

60b‧‧‧ protrusion

64‧‧‧ Hole Department

65‧‧‧Rotor

65a‧‧‧孔部

65b‧‧‧ protrusion

66‧‧‧ slider

70‧‧‧Switch substrate

70a‧‧‧ recess

70b‧‧‧ protrusion

71‧‧‧Electrical conductor

71a‧‧‧ Peripheral part

71b‧‧‧The zenith part

601‧‧‧Encoder terminal

602‧‧‧Encoder terminal

603‧‧‧Encoder terminal

651‧‧‧Long Path Department

652‧‧‧Short-diameter department

661‧‧‧1st contact department

662‧‧‧2nd contact department

663‧‧‧3rd Contact Department

701‧‧‧Switch terminals

702‧‧‧Switch terminals

703‧‧‧Switch terminals

X‧‧‧ direction

Y‧‧‧ direction

Z‧‧‧ direction

Claims (2)

A rotary encoder, comprising: a mechanical shaft; an encoder mechanism, wherein the mechanical shaft is rotatably and vertically movable in a state of being inserted, and detecting a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; And a switch mechanism that is inserted into an end of the mechanical shaft of the encoder mechanism; and the encoder mechanism includes a rotor that is rotatable integrally with the mechanical shaft and is movably movable in an axial direction, a slider attached to the rotor and a fixed contact member for sliding the slider, wherein the encoder mechanism and the switch mechanism are disposed such that the slider is located closer to the switch mechanism than the fixed contact member . A rotary encoder according to claim 1, wherein said encoder mechanism includes a substrate, and said fixed contact member is a resistor pattern provided on said substrate.