TWI570314B - Self-adjusting pad - Google Patents

Description

Self-adapting support cushion

The present invention relates to a support pad, and more particularly to a self-adjusting support pad that controls the degree of stiffness, damping and deformation of the support pad.

In order to prevent damage caused by earthquakes, large-scale objects such as existing buildings, bridges or machines are equipped with cushions for shock absorption and isolation to absorb the energy and vibration generated during earthquakes, such as US 5,655,756. No. Patent (hereinafter referred to as reference) discloses a conventional support pad structure, and the reference support pad (Lead Rubber Bearing, LRB, lead rubber support pad) mainly comprises a core column on the core column. A supporting plate is respectively disposed at two ends, and the two supporting plates are respectively fixed on the ground and a large object, and a plurality of metal layers and rubber layers which are alternately arranged at intervals are arranged between the two supporting plates, when an earthquake occurs, The shock absorption effect is achieved by the deformation of the rubber layer, the metal layer and the core column which are alternately arranged, thereby reducing the damage caused by the earthquake.

However, in the prior art support pads of the reference, the core column is made of lead, and the lead core column has a bending deformation effect to absorb the energy of the earthquake, but the lead is a toxic heavy metal and its melting point is about 327 °C, not only will have a major impact on environmental pollution, and the lead core column is prone to high heat during repeated bending deformation in the earthquake, and the specific heat of lead is low, so the heat generated by the existing support pad during the shock absorption process It is easy to make the core column exceed 300 °C. This easily causes the function of the core column and the rubber layer to be damaged or even melted, resulting in impaired function of the support pad, reduced energy absorption efficiency, and even damage of the support pad, thereby destroying the structure of the existing support pad and affecting its support strength. Even if the temperature of the existing support pad does not reach the melting point of lead, the material of the support pad (including lead and rubber material) is softened due to high temperature, the strength of the existing support pad is greatly reduced, and the support capacity of the support pad is reduced. Shock absorption effect.

In addition, in view of the problems and deficiencies of the above existing support pads, the existing lead support pads have been gradually banned or abandoned, and countries around the world have been thinking about other shock absorbing materials or energy absorbing mechanisms to solve the energy absorption requirements. And environmental protection, one of the methods is to remove the lead core column, but the result is insufficient damping effect, which will cause the existing support pad to be too large displacement, if combined with other dampers such as oil dampers When it is used, it is expensive, and it is not only inconsistent with economic benefits, but also requires a large space to accommodate the damper and the support pad at the same time, which is relatively troublesome to use, and has been improved.

Therefore, the present inventors have finally developed a present invention which can solve the existing problems in view of the existing support pad structure and the lack of use, and through continuous experimentation and research.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a self-adapting support pad which can avoid excessive deformation of the support pad due to excessive earthquake, improve the overall stiffness of the support pad and the shockproof effect of damping, and provide the second line of protection of the support pad. Fail-safe mechanism to achieve the purpose of improving the overall shock absorption, safety and practicability of the support pad.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a self-adapting support pad comprising: at least one core post, the at least one core post being provided by at least one sliding group, wherein at least one sliding group comprises at least one set of sliding a block group, wherein the at least one set of the sliding block includes at least one sliding cover and at least one sliding block movable relative to each other, and the at least one sliding cover is convexly formed to define a range of movement of the relative sliding block a retaining edge; two support plates respectively disposed at two ends of the self-adjusting support pad; and a plurality of first material layers and a second material interlaced between the two support plates and surrounding the at least one core post Floor.

According to the above technical means, the invention can limit the moving range of the sliding block relative to the sliding cover by the abutting of the stopping edge of the sliding cover and the sliding block, so that the supporting pad of the present invention is subjected to In the event of a large earthquake, the first material layer and the second material layer can be prevented from being excessively deformed due to a large earthquake, and the self-adapting support pad has a second fail-safe mechanism to avoid the first The material layer and the second material layer greatly increase the temperature of the support pad due to excessive deformation, thereby causing damage to the support pad, and thereby improving the horizontal stiffness of the support pad and changing the damping to enhance the overall damping of the support pad. efficacy.

10‧‧‧core column

11‧‧‧Sliding group

112‧‧‧Slide

12‧‧‧End cover

20, 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E‧‧ ‧ sliding block

22, 22A, 22B, 22C, 22D, 22E‧‧ ‧ sliding cover

222, 222A, 222B, 222B, 222D, 222E‧‧

24, 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D, 24E‧‧ ‧ sliding blocks

30, 30A‧‧‧ support plate

31‧‧‧ accommodating holes

40‧‧‧First material layer

50, 50A‧‧‧ second material layer

60‧‧‧Bundle unit

70‧‧‧Cooling unit

71‧‧‧Seal tube

72‧‧‧ coolant

711‧‧‧ Cover

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a perspective, cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a support pad of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the first embodiment of the support pad of the present invention taken along line A-A of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an operation example of the first embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a partial perspective view of the first embodiment of the slider block of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a partial perspective view showing a second embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an operation example of a third embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the slider block of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an operation example of a fourth embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an operation example of a fifth embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 16 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing an operation example of a sixth embodiment of the slider group of the present invention.

Figure 17 is a top plan view of a fourth embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view showing an eighth embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view showing a ninth embodiment of the support pad of the present invention.

The present invention is a self-adjusting support pad for friction damping type mounted on objects such as buildings, bridges, machines or instruments, please refer to the first preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the present invention The self-adjusting support pad mainly comprises a core column 10, two support plates 30, a plurality of first material layers 40 and a plurality of second material layers 50, wherein the core columns 10 can be circular, square and any other possible The core section 10 is composed of at least one sliding group 11, wherein the sliding group 11 of the core column comprises at least one set of sliding block groups 20, wherein in the first embodiment shown in Fig. 2, the core The column 10 includes a set of sliding blocks 20, and in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 5, two sets of sliding blocks 20 are included, and in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the core columns 10 are The array of slider blocks 20 is formed, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the other groups of slides 11 of the non-sliding block group 20 in the core post 10 may include a slide that is slidable relative to adjacent layers 40, 50. a sheet 112 or two sliding sheets 112 that are relatively slidable, and the two sliding sheets 112 are Made of the same or different hard materials, it can be made of metal such as iron, aluminum or copper. It can also be made of hard rubber, plastic steel (Polyoxymethylene-POM), polyether material (Polyether Ether Ketone-PEEK), polymer material. (Polymeric Materials) or a material such as hard plastic, each of the sliding sheets 112 is arranged in a manner of being stacked above and below, and the thickness of the two sliding sheets 112 of each sliding group 11 may be the same or different.

Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , each sliding block group 20 includes two sliding covers 22 and a sliding block 24 disposed between the sliding covers 22 , wherein the sliding blocks 24 can respectively be respectively relatively The two sliding covers 22 are horizontally moved, and a stopping edge 222 surrounding the circumferential side of the sliding block 24 is protruded from a side surface of each sliding cover 22 toward the sliding block 24, as shown in FIG. 7, the two sliding covers 22 and the sliding block The 24 can be rounded, and the stop edge 222 of the sliding cover 22 surrounds the periphery of the slider 24 in a circular shape to limit the extent to which the slider 24 can move relative to the sliding cover 22. The sliding block set 20 can also include a sliding cover 22 and a sliding block 24 disposed above or below the sliding cover 22 to be surrounded by the stopping edge 222 of the sliding cover 22.

The two supporting plates 30 are respectively disposed at two ends of the core column 10 and disposed parallel to each other, and the two supporting plates 30 can be circular, rectangular, square and any other possible geometric shapes, which can be respectively connected with the ground and the building. A large object such as a bridge or a machine or a small object such as an instrument is combined, and a receiving hole 31 corresponding to the end of the core post 10 or the end cover 12 is respectively disposed at the center of the two supporting plates 30.

The first material layer 40 and the second material layer 50 are interlaced between the two support plates 30 and surround the core pillars 10, and the respective material layers 40, 50 and the sliding groups 11 of the core pillars 10 can be In a staggered configuration, that is, each sliding group 11 of the core column 10 faces at least two material layers 40, 50, wherein each of the first and second material layers 40, 50 can be rounded in cooperation with the two supporting plates 30. The rectangular, square or any other possible geometric shape of the sheet may also be different from the two supporting plates 30, for example, the two supporting plates 30 may be square, and the first and second material layers 40, 50 may be circular, wherein Each of the first material layer 40 and each of the second material layers 50 are made of a deformable material, and different materials may be selected. Preferably, each of the first material layers 40 may be rubber, metal or composite material. The second material layer 50 can be made of a material such as metal, rubber or composite material. Further, the number and thickness of the sliding group 11 of the core column 10 and the number of the two material layers 40 and 50 are The thickness is the same or different, and the end cover 12 can be deformed by using a softer material than the two support plates 30. The material or the height of the core column 10 is slightly lower than the total height of the first and second material layers 40, 50, thereby reducing the vertical deformation of the core column 10 and the first and second material layers 40, 50 due to the horizontal movement. The difference is that the sliding of each of the sliding groups 11 in the horizontal direction is smoother. In the first embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4, each of the second material layers 50 extends in the core column 10, and each sliding group 11 is provided. Between two adjacent second material layers 50 or between the second material layer 50 and the support plate 30 is staggered.

Therefore, when the support pad of the present invention is used, please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 4, the two support plates 30 are respectively fixed on the ground and the objects, and when the earthquake occurs, the sliding groups 11 of the core column 10 can pass through. Relative sliding and friction between the sliding sheet 112 and the sliding sheet 112, between the sliding sheet 112 and the second material layer 50, and between the sliding cover 22 and the sliding block 24, and the first and second material layers 40, 50 The deformation to achieve the shock absorption effect, not only can effectively avoid the earthquake or environmental vibration and energy directly transmitted to the object and cause damage to the object, to provide the shock absorption effect of objects such as buildings, bridges, instruments or machines in three directions. And the core column 10 composed of a plurality of upper and lower stacked non-lead sliding groups 11 can prevent the high heat generated by the repeated bending deformation from being damaged or even melted on the core column 10, and environmental pollution Have a major impact. In addition, the present invention does not need to be combined with other dampers such as hydraulic dampers to provide sufficient damping effect, which can greatly reduce the cost required and is economical, and requires no additional space for installation and use. It is relatively convenient, and can automatically adjust the stiffness and damping and has a second fail-safe mechanism to avoid excessive deformation of the support pad to improve the functionality and safety of the support pad.

Referring to FIG. 4, the sliding cover 22 of each sliding block group 20 is formed with a stopping edge 222. When a large earthquake occurs, the stopping edge 222 of the sliding cover 22 and the sliding block 24 can abut each other. To limit the range of movement of the sliding block 24 relative to the sliding cover 22, the first material layer 40 and the second material layer 50 can be prevented from being excessively deformed due to large seismic energy to avoid the first material layer 40 and the second material layer. 50 greatly increases the temperature of the support pad due to excessive deformation, thereby causing damage to the support pad, and thereby improving the horizontal stiffness of the support pad and changing the damping to achieve the function of automatically adjusting the anti-shock and providing a second line of defense mechanism ( Fail-safe mechanism) to enhance the overall damping effect of the support pad.

Referring again to FIG. 8, it can be seen that the sliding block 24A of the sliding block group 20A can be rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical or circular or other different shapes, and the sliding cover 22A thereof The circular or rectangular or elliptical or hexagonal or other different shapes, the stop edges 222A on the sliding cover 22A are respectively located on both sides of the sliding block 24A, so as to achieve the function of the sliding block 24 having different moving ranges in two horizontal directions. In order to achieve two horizontal directions with different automatic adjustment of the anti-shock function. Furthermore, the sliding block group 20A may also include two sliding covers 22A and a sliding block 24A disposed between the two sliding covers 22A.

Referring to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 together, it can be seen that the sliding block group 20B can include three sliding covers 22B and one sliding block 24B, and the sliding block 24B has sliding covers 22B with different upper and lower sides facing each other. The two sliding covers 22B are stacked on each other and located under the sliding block 24B, and the other sliding cover 22B is fastened above the sliding block 24B. The sliding cover 22B is respectively formed with a stopping edge 222B, thereby limiting the sliding block 24B and The relative movement range of each sliding cover 22B, wherein each sliding cover 22B and the sliding block 24B may have a circular shape as shown in FIG. 7, and when the sliding block 24B has a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 8, and the sliding block 24B The stop edges 222B on the adjacent sliding covers 22B are respectively located on both sides of the sliding block 24B. Furthermore, the two sliding covers 22B of the three sliding covers 22B are stacked on each other and located above the sliding block 24B, and the other sliding cover 22B is located below the sliding block 24B, and the stopping edge of each sliding cover 22B 222B are all facing the sliding block 24B, and their functions are the same. In summary, two sliding covers 22B of the three sliding covers 22B are stacked on each other and located on one side of the sliding block 24B, and the other sliding cover 22B is located on the other side of the sliding block 24B. The sliding cover 22B protrudes from a side surface of the sliding block 24B with a stopper edge 222B surrounding the circumferential side of the sliding block 22B.

Referring to FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 together, it can be seen that the sliding block group 20C can include a sliding cover 22C and a sliding block 24C, wherein the sliding cover 22C and the sliding block 24C are respectively adjacent to the two material layers. 40,50 adjacent.

Referring to FIG. 13 and FIG. 14, it can be seen that the sliding block group 20D can include a sliding cover 22D and two sliding blocks 24D, wherein the sliding cover 22D is disposed on the two sliding blocks 24D. And a stop edge 222D for limiting the range of movement of the two sliding blocks 24D is formed on both sides of the sliding cover 22D.

Referring to FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, it can be seen that the sliding block group 20E can include two sliding covers 22E and three sliding blocks 24E, wherein the two sliding covers 22E are respectively disposed on the three sliding blocks 24E. The two sides of each of the sliding covers 22E are respectively formed with stopper edges 222E for restricting the range of movement of the opposing sliders 24E.

Referring to FIG. 17, it can be seen that the support pad of the present invention can also include a plurality of core columns 10, as shown in the figure, to meet different shock absorption and shock absorption functions, so as to improve the present. The overall utility of the invention. Furthermore, the various sliding block groups 20, 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E and the sliding sheets 112 described above can also be used in any combination in the same core column 10 or in different core columns 10.

Referring to the fifth preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 18, the difference between the fifth preferred embodiment and the first preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 is that the core post 10 is not provided with two end covers. 12 to close the openings at both ends, and the two support plates 30A directly close the openings at both ends of the core column 10, which simplifies the overall structure of the support pads. A bundle unit 60 covering the outside of the sliding group 11 is disposed between the core column 10, the two material layers 40, 50 and the two supporting plates 30A. The beam forming unit 60 of this embodiment is only sleeved in one of the sliding groups. The outer portion of the eleven, wherein the bundle unit 60 is made of a deformable material, thereby providing a bundle function and a deformed space for the slide group 11 of the core post 10, preferably, the bundle unit 60 can be a deformable soft material, a hollow cylinder or a coil spring. Furthermore, the bundle unit 60 can be sleeved on the outside of each of the sliding groups 11 .

Referring to the sixth preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 19, the difference between the sixth preferred embodiment and the first preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is that the core post 10 is not provided with two end covers. 12 to close the openings at both ends, and the two support plates 30A directly close the openings at both ends of the core column 10, which simplifies the overall structure of the support pads. And a cold portion between the two support plates 30A is disposed outside the core column 10. The unit 70, wherein the cooling unit 70 is provided with a sealing tube 71 and a coolant 72. The sealing tube 71 is a hollow tube body and covers the outside of a sliding group 11 of the core column 10, and the sealing tube 71 is The two ends are respectively closed by two covers 711, and the coolant 72 is filled in the sealing tube 71. Preferably, the coolant 72 can be a gas, liquid or solid type coolant, thereby effectively reducing The temperature of the core column 10 and the entire support pad prevents the temperature of the support pad from rising, thereby causing the core column 10 or the first and second material layers 40 and 50 to be damaged or even melted, and the structural strength and shock absorbing effect of the support pad as a whole can be maintained. Improve the overall performance of the support pad.

Referring to the seventh preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 20, the difference between the seventh preferred embodiment and the fifth preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 18 is that the sealing tube 71 of the cooling unit 70 of the preferred embodiment is provided. Provided on the outside of the bundle unit 60, the coolant 72 is located between the sealing tube 71 and the bundle unit 60, thereby providing a bundle function and a deformation space for the slide group 11 of the core column 10, and The temperature of the core column 10 and the entire support pad is effectively lowered to prevent the temperature of the support pad from rising, thereby causing the core column 10 or the first and second material layers 40, 50 to be damaged or even melted.

Referring to the eighth preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 21, the eighth preferred embodiment differs from the first preferred embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 in that, in this embodiment, at least one second material is used. Layer 50A does not extend within core column 10. In addition, at least one sliding group 11 is not disposed between two adjacent second material layers 50. Furthermore, each of the second material layers 50A may not extend in the core column 10, and each of the sliding groups 11 may be stacked in the core column 10 in a manner of being above and below.

Referring to the ninth preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 22, the difference between the ninth preferred embodiment and the fifth preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 18 is that in the present embodiment, at least one core post 10 The at least one sliding block group 20 of the at least one sliding group 11 is provided with a cooling unit 70 between the two sliding covers 22, wherein the cooling unit 70 is provided with a sealing tube 71 and a coolant 72. The sealing tube 71 is a middle The frame tube body extends through at least one sliding block 24 of the at least one sliding block group 20, and the two ends of the sealing tube 71 are respectively closed by two covers 711, and the coolant 72 is filled in the sealing tube 71. Preferably, the coolant 72 It can be a gas, liquid or solid type coolant, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the core column 10 and the entire support pad, preventing the temperature of the support pad from rising, and causing the core column 10 or the first and second material layers 40, 50 to be damaged. Even the phenomenon of melting and the like can maintain the structural strength and shock absorbing effect of the entire support pad, and improve the overall use efficiency of the support pad.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any one of ordinary skill in the art can use the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. Equivalent embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the technical scope of the present invention.

10‧‧‧core column

11‧‧‧Sliding group

112‧‧‧Slide

12‧‧‧End cover

20‧‧‧Sliding block group

30‧‧‧Support board

31‧‧‧ accommodating holes

40‧‧‧First material layer

50‧‧‧Second material layer

Claims (28)

A self-adapting support pad comprising: at least one core post, the at least one core post being provided by at least one sliding group, wherein at least one sliding group comprises at least one set of sliding blocks, and the at least one group The sliding block group includes at least one sliding cover and at least one sliding block movable relative to each other, and the at least one sliding cover is convexly formed with a stopping edge which can be used to limit the moving range of the opposite sliding block; two supporting plates, Separately disposed at two ends of the self-adapting support pad; and a plurality of first material layers and a second material layer interlaced between the two support plates and surrounding the at least one core post. The self-adapting support pad of claim 1 wherein the number of core posts is one. The self-adapting support pad of claim 1, wherein the number of core pillars is plural. The self-adapting support pad according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sliding block assembly comprises two sliding covers and at least one sliding block disposed between the sliding covers, the sliding cover facing the sliding block A stop edge surrounding the peripheral side of the sliding block is convex on the side surface. The self-adapting support pad according to claim 4, wherein the sliding cover and the sliding block of the sliding block group have a circular cross section, and the stopping edge of the sliding cover surrounds the periphery of the sliding block in a circular shape. The self-adapting support pad according to claim 4, wherein the sliding block of the sliding block group is rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical or circular, and the sliding cover is circular or rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical. The stop edges on the sliding cover are respectively located on both sides of the sliding block. The self-adapting support pad of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sliding block set comprises at least three sliding covers and at least one sliding block, the sliding block having two sliding covers with different sides facing each other, wherein At least two sliding covers are stacked on each other and located on one side of the sliding block, and at least one sliding cover is located on the other side of the sliding block, and a circumference around the sliding block is protruded from a side of the sliding cover facing the sliding block Side stop edge. The self-adjusting support pad according to claim 7, wherein the sliding cover and the sliding block of the sliding block group have a circular cross section, and the stopping edge of the sliding cover surrounds the periphery of the sliding block in a circular shape. The self-adapting support pad according to claim 7, wherein the sliding block of the sliding block group is rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical or circular, and the sliding cover is circular or rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical. The stop edges on the sliding cover adjacent to the sliding block are respectively located on both sides of the sliding block. The self-adapting support pad according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sliding block assembly comprises a sliding cover and a sliding block, and a stopping edge is protruded from a side surface of the sliding cover toward the sliding block. The self-adapting support pad of claim 10, wherein the sliding cover and the sliding block of the sliding block group have a circular cross section, and the stopping edge of the sliding cover surrounds the periphery of the sliding block in a circular shape. The self-adapting support pad according to claim 10, wherein the sliding block of the sliding block group is rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical or circular, and the sliding cover is circular or rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical. In the shape, the stop edges on the sliding cover are respectively located on two sides of the sliding block. The self-adapting support pad of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sliding block assembly comprises at least one sliding cover and at least two sliding blocks, wherein the sliding cover is disposed between the two sliding blocks, and A stop edge is formed on both sides of the sliding cover to limit the range of movement of the corresponding two sliding blocks. The self-adapting support pad according to claim 13, wherein the sliding cover and the sliding block of the sliding block group have a circular cross section, and the stopping edge of the sliding cover surrounds the periphery of the sliding block in a circular shape. The self-adapting support pad according to claim 13, wherein the sliding block of the sliding block group is rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical or circular, and the sliding cover is circular or rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical. The shape and the stop edges on both sides of the sliding cover are respectively located on both sides of the sliding block. The self-adapting support pad according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sliding block set comprises two sliding covers and three sliding blocks, wherein the two sliding cover are respectively disposed between the three sliding blocks. The two sides of the sliding cover are respectively formed on the two sides of the sliding cover to limit the stopping edge of the relative sliding block. The self-adapting support pad of claim 16, wherein the sliding cover and the sliding block of the sliding block group have a circular cross section, and the stopping edge of the sliding cover surrounds the periphery of the sliding block in a circular shape. The self-adapting support pad of claim 16, wherein the sliding block of the sliding block group is rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical, and the sliding cover is circular or rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical, and The stop edges on the sliding cover adjacent to the sliding block are respectively located on both sides of the sliding block. The self-adapting support pad of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a stop edge is protruded from the sliding cover toward at least one side of the sliding block. The self-adapting support pad according to claim 19, wherein the sliding cover and the sliding block of the sliding block group have a circular cross section, and the stopping edge of the sliding cover surrounds the periphery of the sliding block in a circular shape. The self-adapting support pad according to claim 19, wherein the sliding block of the sliding block group is rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical or circular, and the sliding cover is circular or rectangular or square or hexagonal or elliptical. In the shape, the stop edges on the sliding cover are respectively located on two sides of the sliding block. The self-adapting support pad of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a bundle unit covering at least one of the sliding groups of the core column is disposed between the at least one core post and the two material layers. The self-adapting support pad of claim 22, wherein at least one cooling unit is disposed outside the bundle unit. The self-adapting support pad according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cooling unit covering at least one of the sliding groups of the core column is disposed between the at least one core post and the two material layers. The self-adapting support pad of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first material layer and the second material layer are in a staggered configuration with the sliding group of the at least one core post. The self-adapting support pad of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one cooling unit is provided in at least one sliding group of the at least one core column. The self-adapting support pad of claim 22, wherein at least one cooling unit is disposed in at least one of the sliding groups. The self-adapting support pad of claim 25, wherein at least one cooling unit is disposed in at least one of the sliding groups.