TWI565116B - Organic light emitting diode structure - Google Patents

Description

Organic light emitting diode structure

The invention relates to a light-emitting diode, in particular to an organic light-emitting diode structure.

In recent years, with the increasing demand for electronic products in the market and the increasing demand for lighting application technology, light emitting diodes (LEDs) and organic light emitting diodes (Organic light emitting diodes) have been created. The technology of OLED is rapidly developed, and gradually replaces traditional lamps, and relatively affects the development of surrounding industries, such as electronic products using display panel technology. Among them, although the progress of organic light-emitting diodes is slow, due to its self-illumination, low power consumption, flexibility, high contrast and thin and light volume, it has naturally become the focus of various manufacturers competing for research and development.

The structure of the organic light-emitting diode includes an upper electrode layer, a lower electrode layer, and an organic light-emitting layer disposed between the upper electrode layer and the lower electrode layer, wherein the lower electrode layer is a transparent conductive material to make the organic light-emitting layer Light generated by the layer can pass through the lower electrode layer.

The illuminating mechanism of the organic light-emitting diode is to input an external bias voltage, so that the electrons and the holes pass through the Hole Transport Layer (HTL) and the Electro Transport Layer (ETL) respectively. Into a luminescent layer having a luminescent organic substance, when recombination occurs therein, an exciton is formed, and then the energy is released and returned to the ground state, and among the released energy, The part is released in the form of light.

However, in the process of providing an applied bias voltage, the applied bias voltage may cause a drop in the applied bias voltage due to the influence of the resistance of each component during the transfer process, thereby causing a decrease in the extraction efficiency of the organic light-emitting diode. Affects the luminous efficiency of the organic light-emitting diode.

Furthermore, since organic light-emitting diodes have been gradually used in large-sized displays in recent years, poor light extraction efficiency has caused a problem of poor illumination uniformity of the display.

The main object of the present invention is to solve the problem of poor luminous efficiency of conventional organic light-emitting diodes.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an organic light emitting diode structure including a substrate, a first electrode, a plurality of raised portions, a surface dipole layer, an organic light emitting device layer, and a second electrode. The first electrode is disposed on the substrate and includes an electrode surface away from the substrate, the electrode surface defining a plurality of discontinuous first regions and a second region adjacent to the first region and continuous The surface of the electrode layer is disposed on the second region of the electrode surface of the first electrode and the protrusions, and the organic light emitting device layer is disposed on the surface dipole layer The second electrode is disposed on the organic light emitting device layer, wherein the surface dipole layer is selected from the group consisting of gold, aluminum, silver, copper, copper oxide, nickel oxide, cerium oxide, molybdenum oxide, cerium oxide, cerium oxide, a group consisting of vanadium oxide and tungsten oxide, and the surface dipole layer has a thickness of between 0.1 nm and 100 nm.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides another organic light emitting diode structure, the organic light emitting diode structure comprising a substrate, a first electrode, a plurality of convex portions, an organic light emitting device layer and a second electrode. The first electrode is disposed on the substrate and includes an electrode surface away from the substrate, the electrode surface defining a plurality of discontinuous first regions and a second region adjacent to the first region and continuous The radiant portion is independently attached to the first region, the OLED layer covers the second region of the electrode surface of the first electrode, and the protrusions, and the organic light emitting device includes a first a second region of the electrode surface of the electrode and a hole injection layer on the protrusions, the hole injection layer containing a plurality of surface dipole particles selected from the group consisting of gold, aluminum, A group consisting of silver, copper, copper oxide, nickel oxide, cerium oxide, molybdenum oxide, cerium oxide, cerium oxide, vanadium oxide, and tungsten oxide.

As can be seen from the above, the present invention has the following features:

1. By utilizing the light characteristics of the raised portions, the light refraction or diffusion of the light can be increased to effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the organic light emitting diode structure; when the convex portions having conductive properties are used, further Reduce the impedance and increase the rate of hole transfer.

2. The arrangement of the surface dipole layer can improve the hole conduction efficiency between the first electrode and the organic light emitting device layer, and further improve the electrical conductivity between the first electrode and the organic light emitting device layer. .

3. The arrangement of the surface dipole particles can also improve the hole conduction efficiency between the first electrode and the organic light emitting device layer, and further improve the conductance between the first electrode and the organic light emitting device layer. Ability.

The detailed description and technical content of the present invention will now be described as follows:

1 and 2 are schematic side views and partial perspective views of a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention is an organic light emitting diode structure including a substrate 10. A first electrode 20, a plurality of raised portions 30, a surface dipole layer 40, an organic light emitting device layer 50, and a second electrode 60. The first electrode 20 is disposed on the substrate 10, wherein the first electrode 20 includes an electrode surface 21 away from the substrate 10. The electrode surface 21 includes a plurality of discontinuous first regions 211 and a first region 211 is adjacent and is a continuous second region 212.

The protrusions 30 are attached to the first region 211. In the first embodiment, the protrusions 30 are independently formed in the first region 211 defined in advance, and in FIGS. 1 and 2, The shape of the protrusions 30 is only an example, and the present invention is not intended to limit the shape of the protrusions 30. The shape of the protrusions 30 may be other shapes according to actual application requirements, and the protrusions 30 may be It may be a continuous layered structure. Further, in the present invention, the raised portion 30 has a height of between 0.1 μm and 5 μm, and in one embodiment, the height is preferably between 0.1 μm. Between 3μm. The surface dipole layer 40 is disposed on the second region 212 of the electrode surface 21 of the first electrode 20 and the protrusions 30. The organic light emitting device layer 50 is disposed on the surface dipole layer 40. The second electrode 60 is disposed on the organic light emitting element layer 50.

In the present invention, the substrate 10 can be a transparent glass substrate or a transparent flexible substrate. The material of the first electrode 20 is Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), zinc oxide, tin oxide, and oxidation. Indium gallium zinc, carbon-containing magnesium hydroxide and indium zinc oxide, and the convex portion 30 is made of a transparent material of polyimine, a phenolic resin (PF) or a polymethylmethacrylate (Polymethylmethacrylate). Referring to PMMA), the material of the second electrode 60 may be aluminum, magnesium silver alloy or aluminum lithium compound. In addition, the organic light emitting device layer 50 further includes a hole injection layer 51 disposed on the surface dipole layer 40, a hole transport layer 52 disposed on the hole injection layer 51, and a hole disposed in the hole. The light-emitting layer 53 on the transport layer 52, an electron transport layer 54 disposed on the light-emitting layer 53, and an electron injection layer 55 disposed on the electron transport layer 54.

The organic light emitting diode structure is biased by the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 60 to provide the hole injection layer 51 and the electron injection layer 55, so that the hole injection layer 51 and the electron injection layer 55 respectively generating a plurality of holes and a plurality of electrons, wherein the holes and the electrons respectively pass through the hole transport layer 52 and the electron transport layer 54 enters the light-emitting layer 53 to emit energy in the form of a visible light. The visible light passes through the surface dipole layer 40, the convex portions 30, the first electrode 20, and the substrate 10, and is released to the outside to achieve an illuminating effect.

In the present invention, since the substrate 10 can be a transparent glass substrate, the material of the first electrode 20 is indium tin oxide, and the material of the convex portions 30 is a transparent material of polyimine, by the poly The difference in refractive index between the amine and the indium tin oxide and the transparent glass substrate can cause a color shift phenomenon, and the visible light can be more easily penetrated outside the structure of the organic light emitting diode, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency. On the other hand, in the present invention, the surface of the surface dipole layer 40 is made of gold, aluminum, silver, copper, copper oxide, nickel oxide, cerium oxide, molybdenum oxide, cerium oxide, cerium oxide, vanadium oxide or tungsten oxide. . In the present invention, the surface dipole layer 40 has a thickness of between 0.1 nm and 100 nm, and in one embodiment, the thickness is preferably between 0.1 nm and 50 nm.

Furthermore, please refer to FIG. 3 for a side view of a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the second embodiment of the present invention provides another organic light emitting diode structure, the organic light emitting diode The body structure includes a substrate 10 , a first electrode 20 , a plurality of protrusions 30 , an organic light emitting device layer 50 , and a second electrode 60 . The first electrode 20 is disposed on the substrate 10 and includes a substrate 10 away from the substrate 10 . An electrode surface 21 defining a plurality of discontinuous first regions 211 and a second region 212 adjacent to the first region 211 and continuous, the protrusions 30 being attached to the first region 211. In this embodiment, the protrusions 30 are carried on the layered structure. In the present invention, the raised portion 30 has a height of between 0.1 μm and 5 μm, and in one embodiment, the height is preferably between 0.1 μm and 3 μm. The organic light emitting device layer 50 covers the second region 212 of the electrode surface 21 of the first electrode 20 and the protrusions 30, and the organic light emitting device 50 includes a portion disposed on the first electrode 20 The second region 212 of the electrode surface 21 and the hole injection layer 51 on the protrusions 30, the hole injection layer 51 includes a plurality of surface dipole particles 511 selected from gold A group consisting of aluminum, silver, copper, copper oxide, nickel oxide, cerium oxide, molybdenum oxide, cerium oxide, cerium oxide, vanadium oxide, and tungsten oxide.

Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, which are schematic side views and partial perspective structures of a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the third embodiment of the present invention provides an organic light emitting diode structure. The organic light emitting diode structure includes a substrate 10, a first electrode 20, a plurality of raised portions 30, a surface dipole layer 40, an organic light emitting device layer 50, and a second electrode 60. The first electrode 20 is disposed on the substrate 10, and the surface dipole layer 40 is disposed on a side of the first electrode 20 away from the substrate 10. The surface dipole layer 40 includes an even distance from the first electrode 20. The pole surface 41, the dipole layer surface 41 includes a plurality of discontinuous third regions 411 and a fourth region 412 adjacent to the third region 411 and being continuous.

Different from the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, the convex portions 30 are attached to the third region 411, and the organic light emitting device layer 50 covers the fourth region 412 of the dipole layer surface 41. And the raised portions 30, and the second electrodes 60 are disposed on the organic light emitting device layer 50; although the raised portions 30 are different in position from the first embodiment in the third embodiment, Both can increase the refraction or diffusion of light, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency of the organic light emitting diode structure.

In summary, the present invention has the following features:

1. By utilizing the light characteristics of the raised portions, the light refraction or diffusion of the light can be increased to effectively improve the light extraction efficiency of the organic light emitting diode structure; when the convex portions having conductive properties are used, further Reduce the impedance and increase the rate of hole transfer.

2. The arrangement of the surface dipole layer can improve the hole conduction efficiency between the first electrode and the organic light emitting device layer, and further improve the electrical conductivity between the first electrode and the organic light emitting device layer. .

3. The arrangement of the surface dipole particles can also improve the hole conduction efficiency between the first electrode and the organic light emitting device layer, and further improve the conductance between the first electrode and the organic light emitting device layer. Ability.

The present invention has been described in detail above, but the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. That is, the equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the present application should remain within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

10: substrate 20: first electrode 21: electrode surface 211: first region 212: second region 30: raised portion 40: surface dipole layer 41: dipole layer surface 411: third region 412: fourth region 50 : Organic light-emitting element layer 51 : hole injection layer 511 : surface dipole particle 52 : hole transport layer 53 : light-emitting layer 54 : electron transport layer 55 : electron injection layer 60 : second electrode

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is a side elevational view of a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a side elevational view of a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partial perspective structural view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

10: substrate 20: first electrode 30: convex portion 40: surface dipole layer 50: organic light-emitting element layer 51: hole injection layer 52: hole transport layer 53: light-emitting layer 54: electron transport layer 55: electron injection Layer 60: second electrode

Claims (9)

An organic light emitting diode structure comprising: a substrate; a first electrode disposed on the substrate, the first electrode includes an electrode surface away from the substrate, the electrode surface defining a plurality of discontinuous first regions and a second region adjacent to the first region and being continuous; a plurality of protrusions independently attached to the first region of the electrode surface of the first electrode, and the protrusions The material is selected from the group consisting of polyimine, phenolic resin and polymethyl methacrylate and has a height of between 0.1 μm and 5 μm; a second covering the surface of the electrode of the first electrode a surface and a surface dipole layer on the raised portions; an organic light emitting device layer disposed on the surface dipole layer; and a second electrode disposed on the organic light emitting device layer; wherein the surface dipole The layer is selected from the group consisting of gold, aluminum, silver, copper, copper oxide, nickel oxide, cerium oxide, molybdenum oxide, cerium oxide, cerium oxide, vanadium oxide and tungsten oxide, and the surface dipole layer has an A thickness between 0.1 nm and 100 nm. The organic light emitting diode structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the first electrode is selected from the group consisting of indium tin oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium gallium zinc oxide, carbon-containing magnesium hydroxide and oxidation. A group of indium zinc. The organic light emitting diode structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the second electrode is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium silver alloy and aluminum lithium compound. The organic light emitting diode structure of claim 1, wherein the organic light emitting device layer comprises a hole injection layer disposed on the surface dipole layer, and a hole injection layer disposed on the hole injection layer The upper hole transport layer, a light emitting layer disposed on the hole transport layer, an electron transport layer disposed on the light emitting layer, and an electron injection layer disposed on the electron transport layer. An organic light emitting diode structure comprising: a substrate; a first electrode disposed on the substrate; a surface dipole layer disposed on a side of the first electrode away from the substrate, the surface dipole layer comprising a surface of the dipole layer away from the first electrode, the surface of the dipole layer defining a plurality of discontinuous third regions and a fourth region adjacent to the third region and being continuous; a plurality of raised portions, The protrusions are independently attached to the third region of the surface of the dipole layer of the surface dipole layer; the fourth region covering the surface of the dipole layer of the surface dipole layer and the protrusions And an organic light emitting device layer; and a second electrode disposed on the organic light emitting device layer; wherein the organic light emitting device layer includes a fourth region disposed on a surface of the surface of the dipole layer a hole injection layer on the protrusions, the hole injection layer containing a plurality of surface dipole particles selected from the group consisting of gold, aluminum, silver, copper, copper oxide, nickel oxide, and antimony oxide , molybdenum oxide, antimony oxide, antimony oxide, vanadium oxide and The group consisting of tungsten. The organic light emitting diode structure according to claim 5, wherein the material of the first electrode is selected from the group consisting of indium tin oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium gallium zinc oxide, carbon-containing magnesium hydroxide and oxidation. A group of indium zinc. The organic light-emitting diode structure according to claim 5, wherein the material of the protrusions is selected from the group consisting of polyimine, phenolic resin and polymethyl acrylate, and the protrusion The portion has a height of between 0.1 μm and 5 μm. The organic light emitting diode structure according to claim 5, wherein the material of the second electrode is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium silver alloy and aluminum lithium compound. The organic light emitting diode structure of claim 5, wherein the organic light emitting device layer further comprises a hole transport layer disposed on the hole injection layer, and a hole transport layer disposed on the hole transport layer. a light-emitting layer, an electron transport layer disposed on the light-emitting layer, and an electron injection layer disposed on the electron transport layer.