TWI554015B - Single - stage high power return - forward converter and light source system - Google Patents
Single - stage high power return - forward converter and light source system Download PDFInfo
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- TWI554015B TWI554015B TW102113949A TW102113949A TWI554015B TW I554015 B TWI554015 B TW I554015B TW 102113949 A TW102113949 A TW 102113949A TW 102113949 A TW102113949 A TW 102113949A TW I554015 B TWI554015 B TW I554015B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Description
本發明係有關於一種單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器及光源系統,尤其係指一種在開關裝置導通時仍能提供輸出功率,開關截止時亦有功率輸出,在開關截止時,仍有功率輸入,開關導通時亦有功率輸入,且具功率因數修正(Power Factor Correction,PFC)功能之單級返馳式轉換器及光源系統,並且加入漏電感能量回收電路,以降低開關之跨壓及提高電路效率,以滿足目前光源系統的高功率、高效率及低成本之需求。 The invention relates to a single-stage high-power-return-forward converter and a light source system, in particular to an output power that can be provided when the switching device is turned on, and also has a power output when the switch is turned off, when the switch is turned off. There is still power input, there is power input when the switch is turned on, and a single-stage flyback converter and light source system with Power Factor Correction (PFC) function, and a leakage inductance energy recovery circuit is added to reduce the switch. The voltage across the board and the efficiency of the circuit to meet the high power, high efficiency and low cost of the current light source system.
隨著現代科技的進步與可攜式電子產品的蓬勃發展,轉換器的效能及各項應用亦越來越受到重視。近年來,由於電力電子技術的大幅進步及奈米科技的發展,電子器材日益趨向輕薄短小化,省能源,及降低成本的方向發展,其內部的電源轉換器亦需朝向輕薄短小,省能,提高功率及降低製作成本的趨勢設計。 With the advancement of modern technology and the rapid development of portable electronic products, the performance and applications of converters have received increasing attention. In recent years, due to the great advancement of power electronics technology and the development of nanotechnology, electronic equipment has become increasingly thin and light, energy-saving, and cost-reducing. The internal power converters also need to be light, short, and energy-saving. Trend design for increasing power and reducing production costs.
請參閱第一圖,該圖為習知之返馳式轉換器(flyback converter)1的示意圖。習知之返馳式轉換器1包含有一功率因數修正級(Power Factor Correction Stage)11、一功率級(Power stage)12及一回饋級(Feedback Stage)13;該功率因數修正級11內含一功率因數修正電感LPFC、一功率因數修正開關SPFC、一功率因數修正控制電路111及一輸入儲能電容Cin,該功率因數修正電路111透過接收電路上電流迴路與電壓迴路的回授,以控制該功率因數修正開關SPFC的導通週期時間,來主動調整電流波型;功率因數修正電感LPFC則是利用電感的濾波特性,來達到被動調整電流波型;而該輸入儲能電容Cin則是用以穩定由該功率因數修正級11所輸出之電壓。 Please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic diagram of a conventional flyback converter 1. The conventional flyback converter 1 includes a power factor correction stage 11 , a power stage 12 and a feedback stage 13 ; the power factor correction stage 11 includes a power a factor correction inductor LPFC, a power factor correction switch SPFC, a power factor correction control circuit 111 and an input storage capacitor Cin, the power factor correction circuit 111 is controlled by a current loop and a voltage loop on the receiving circuit to control the power The turn-on cycle time of the factor correction switch SPFC is used to actively adjust the current mode; the power factor correction inductor LPFC uses the filter characteristic of the inductor to achieve the passive adjustment of the current mode; and the input storage capacitor Cin is used to stabilize The power factor corrects the voltage output by stage 11.
該功率級12則包含一電子感應裝置121、一開關裝置122、一驅動電路123及一輸出儲能電容124;該電子感應裝置121具有一二極體D、一初級感應電路LP以及一次級電子感應電路LS;其中二極體D係作為一整流器(rectifier)並只允許流過單一方向的電流,而初級感應電路LP與次級電子感應電路LS則藉由耦合電感或是變壓器來加以實現,以用來將輸入電壓Vin轉換為輸出電壓Vout。該輸出儲能電容124電連接於該次級電子感應電路LS,使次級側的輸出電壓穩定。該開關裝置122電連接至該電子感應裝置121,用來依據一控制訊號選擇性的建立一電性連接;該驅動電路123耦接至該開關裝置122,用來依據一指示訊號,判斷並選擇性調整該電性連接的週期時間,以產生該控制訊號。 The power stage 12 includes an electronic sensing device 121, a switching device 122, a driving circuit 123, and an output storage capacitor 124. The electronic sensing device 121 has a diode D, a primary sensing circuit LP, and a primary electronic device. The sensing circuit LS; wherein the diode D acts as a rectifier and only allows current flowing in a single direction, and the primary sensing circuit LP and the secondary electronic sensing circuit LS are implemented by a coupled inductor or a transformer. It is used to convert the input voltage Vin into an output voltage Vout. The output storage capacitor 124 is electrically connected to the secondary electronic induction circuit LS to stabilize the output voltage of the secondary side. The switching device 122 is electrically connected to the electronic sensing device 121 for selectively establishing an electrical connection according to a control signal. The driving circuit 123 is coupled to the switching device 122 for determining and selecting according to an indication signal. The cycle time of the electrical connection is adjusted to generate the control signal.
而該回饋級13則電連接至該電子感應裝置121,以接收該次級電子感應電路LS所產生之一輸出電壓,並執行該輸出電壓與該預定電壓的比較,來產生該指示訊號。 The feedback stage 13 is electrically connected to the electronic sensing device 121 to receive an output voltage generated by the secondary electronic sensing circuit LS, and performs comparison of the output voltage with the predetermined voltage to generate the indication signal.
當開關裝置122開啟時,來自於電源的電流開始流向初級感應電路LP,該初級感應電路LP開始儲存能量,直到開關裝置12關閉為止;而當開關裝置12關閉時,該初級感應電路LP開始釋放能量產生磁能,直到該初級感應電路LP儲能耗盡為止,該磁能透過鐵粉芯或其它導體,將該磁能耦合至次級電子感應電路LS上,使該次級電子感應電路LS因該磁能產生一感應電流,該感應電流便為輸出電流。 When the switching device 122 is turned on, the current from the power source begins to flow to the primary sensing circuit LP, the primary sensing circuit LP begins to store energy until the switching device 12 is turned off; and when the switching device 12 is turned off, the primary sensing circuit LP begins to release. The energy generates magnetic energy until the primary induction circuit LP is depleted, and the magnetic energy is transmitted through the iron powder core or other conductor, and the magnetic energy is coupled to the secondary electronic induction circuit LS, so that the secondary electronic induction circuit LS is magnetically An induced current is generated, which is the output current.
由上述內容可以得知,習知之返馳式轉換器的輸出功率乃是由該初級感應電路LP的儲能容量或該開關裝置12的開啟時間決定,而該初級感應電路LP的儲能能量大小,受限於該電子感應裝置121之體積;且功率因數修正級11雖能改善功率因數,但此而所產生之零件與製造成本也因此上升,在特別重視成本與產品體積的現今,如何能在不增加產品體積與過多成本的前提下,提供更大的輸出功率為返馳式轉換器之一重要課題。 It can be known from the above that the output power of the conventional flyback converter is determined by the energy storage capacity of the primary sensing circuit LP or the opening time of the switching device 12, and the energy storage energy of the primary sensing circuit LP. Restricted by the volume of the electronic sensing device 121; and although the power factor correction stage 11 can improve the power factor, the resulting parts and manufacturing costs are also increased, and how can the cost and product volume be particularly important today? Providing greater output power is an important issue for flyback converters without increasing product size and excessive cost.
故為解決習知方式之問題,發明人乃經悉心研究與實驗,研發出本案所提出之單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器及光源系統,乃將一返馳式轉換器中,將電子感應電路的次級側分為第一次級電子感應電路及第二次級電子感應電路,使第一次級電子感應電路及第二次級電子感應電路分別在開關裝置開啟及關閉時產生功率輸出,使該轉換器具有一順向式轉換器輸出的效果;此外,直接將一功率因數修正電感電連接於原功率級之開關裝置,由該開關裝置取代原功率因數修正開關,利用電路穩態時該開關裝置導通時間固定,讓該功率因數修正電感上的電流正比於輸入電壓,使該返馳式轉換器不需加裝功率因數修正開關及功率因數修正電路,而同樣能達到功率因數修正的功能,藉此使本發明較習知的返馳式轉換器提供更大的輸出功率及降低製造與材料成本。 Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the conventional method, the inventor has carefully studied and experimented and developed the single-stage high-power-return-forward converter and light source system proposed in this case, which will be in a flyback converter. Separating the secondary side of the electronic sensing circuit into a first secondary electronic sensing circuit and a second secondary electronic sensing circuit, so that the first secondary electronic sensing circuit and the second secondary electronic sensing circuit are respectively turned on and off at the switching device The power output is generated to make the converter have the effect of a forward converter output; in addition, a power factor correction inductor is directly connected to the switching device of the original power stage, and the switching device replaces the original power factor correction switch, and utilizes When the circuit is in steady state, the on-time of the switching device is fixed, so that the current on the power factor correction inductor is proportional to the input voltage, so that the flyback converter does not need to be equipped with a power factor correction switch and a power factor correction circuit, and the same can be achieved. The power factor correction function whereby the more conventional flyback converter of the present invention provides greater output power and lowers manufacturing and material costs.
為達前述之目的,本案提供一種高功率輸出返馳式轉換器,其包含:一功率因數修正電感,該功率因數修正電感位於該單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器之輸入端;一電子感應裝置,該電子感應裝置電連接於該功率因數修正電感,該電子感應裝置具有複數二極體(diode)、一初級電子感應電路、一第一次級電子感應電路以及一第二次級電子感應電路,該複數二極體分別電連接於該第一次級電子感應電路與該第二次級電子感應電路;一開關裝置,該開關裝置電連接於該功率因數修正電感與該電子感應裝置,用來依據一控制訊號選擇性的建立一電性連接;一驅動電路,該驅動電路連接至該開關裝置,用來依據一指示訊號產生該控制訊號;一回饋級,該回饋級電連接至該電子感應裝置之次級側,用以執行一輸出電壓與該預定電壓的比較,來產生該指示訊號;一輸出電感,該輸出電感電連接於該第一次級電子感應電路,用來抑制或儲存該第一次級電子感應電路所輸出之能量;一輸出儲能電容,該輸出儲能電容電連接於該電子感應裝置的次級側,使次級側的輸出電壓穩定;一輸入儲能電容,該輸入儲能 電容電連接於該初級電子感應電路,儲存或釋放經過該初級電子感應電路之能量。 For the foregoing purposes, the present invention provides a high power output flyback converter including: a power factor correction inductor located at the input of the single stage high power factor return-forward converter An electronic sensing device electrically connected to the power factor correction inductor, the electronic sensing device having a plurality of diodes, a primary electronic sensing circuit, a first secondary electronic sensing circuit, and a first a second secondary electronic sensing circuit, the plurality of diodes are electrically connected to the first secondary electronic sensing circuit and the second secondary electronic sensing circuit respectively; a switching device electrically connected to the power factor correcting inductor And the electronic sensing device for selectively establishing an electrical connection according to a control signal; a driving circuit connected to the switching device for generating the control signal according to an indication signal; a feedback stage The feedback stage is electrically connected to the secondary side of the electronic sensing device for performing a comparison of an output voltage with the predetermined voltage to generate the indication signal; An output inductor is electrically connected to the first secondary electronic induction circuit for suppressing or storing energy output by the first secondary electronic induction circuit; an output storage capacitor, the output storage capacitor is electrically connected to The secondary side of the electronic sensing device stabilizes the output voltage of the secondary side; an input storage capacitor, the input energy storage A capacitor is electrically coupled to the primary electronic sensing circuit to store or release energy through the primary electronic sensing circuit.
本案所提出之單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器及光源系統具有以下有益效果: The single-stage high-power-return-forward converter and light source system proposed in this case has the following beneficial effects:
1.透過一功率因數修正電感電連接於一開關裝置,使該單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器不需額外加裝功率因數修正開關及功率因數修正電路,同樣能達到功率因數修正的功能。 1. Electrically connected to a switching device through a power factor correction inductor, so that the single-stage high-power return-forward converter does not need to be additionally equipped with a power factor correction switch and a power factor correction circuit, and can also achieve a power factor. Corrected features.
2.藉由該電子感應裝置內部的第一次級電子感應電路,可於開關裝置開啟時進行能量輸出,以增加輸出功率。 2. The first secondary electronic sensing circuit inside the electronic sensing device can perform energy output when the switching device is turned on to increase the output power.
3.該輸出電感可在該開關裝置開啟時,抑制第一次級電子感應電路能量輸出,避免該二極體損壞。 3. The output inductor can suppress the energy output of the first secondary electronic induction circuit when the switching device is turned on to avoid damage of the diode.
4.該輸出電感可在該開關裝置開啟時,吸收第一次級電子感應電路能量輸出,用以在開關裝置關閉時,進行能量輸出。 4. The output inductor can absorb the energy output of the first secondary electronic induction circuit when the switching device is turned on to perform energy output when the switching device is turned off.
5.當開關裝置關閉時,儲存在初級側之能量經由第二次感應電路,進行能量輸出。 5. When the switching device is turned off, the energy stored on the primary side is output through the second inductive circuit.
6.藉由第一次級電子感應電路與第二次級電子感應電路的能量輸出,使該返馳-順向式轉換器的總輸出功率可達150W以上,較適於中高功率光源系統的功率需求。 6. The total output power of the flyback-forward converter can be more than 150W by the energy output of the first secondary electronic induction circuit and the second secondary electronic induction circuit, which is more suitable for the medium and high power light source system. Power demand.
7.一次側之儲能電容不論在開關導通或截止時,均有能量輸入。 7. The storage capacitor on the primary side has energy input regardless of whether the switch is turned on or off.
1‧‧‧返馳式轉換器 1‧‧‧return converter
11‧‧‧功率因數修正級 11‧‧‧Power factor correction stage
111‧‧‧功率因數修正電路 111‧‧‧Power factor correction circuit
12‧‧‧功率級 12‧‧‧Power level
121‧‧‧電子感應裝置 121‧‧‧Electronic sensing device
122‧‧‧開關裝置 122‧‧‧Switching device
123‧‧‧驅動電路 123‧‧‧Drive circuit
124‧‧‧輸出儲能電容 124‧‧‧ Output storage capacitor
13‧‧‧回饋級 13‧‧‧Reward level
Cin‧‧‧輸入儲能電容 Cin‧‧‧ input storage capacitor
D‧‧‧二極體 D‧‧‧ diode
LPFC‧‧‧功率因數修正電感 LPFC‧‧‧Power Factor Correction Inductor
LP‧‧‧初級電子感應電路 LP‧‧‧Primary electronic sensing circuit
LS‧‧‧次級電子感應電路 LS‧‧‧Secondary electronic sensing circuit
Vin‧‧‧輸入電壓訊號 Vin‧‧‧Input voltage signal
Vout‧‧‧輸出電壓訊號 Vout‧‧‧ output voltage signal
SPFC‧‧‧功率因數修正開關 SPFC‧‧‧Power Factor Correction Switch
2‧‧‧單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器 2‧‧‧Single-stage high-power return-forward converter
21‧‧‧功率因數修正電感 21‧‧‧Power factor correction inductor
22‧‧‧電子感應裝置 22‧‧‧Electronic sensing device
221‧‧‧輔助感應電路 221‧‧‧Auxiliary sensing circuit
222‧‧‧初級漏電感能量回收電路 222‧‧‧Primary leakage inductance energy recovery circuit
2221‧‧‧漏電感能量儲存電容 2221‧‧‧Leakage Inductance Energy Storage Capacitor
2222‧‧‧漏電感能量回收繞組 2222‧‧‧Leakage inductance energy recovery winding
2223‧‧‧訊號放大電路 2223‧‧‧Signal amplification circuit
2224‧‧‧電流感測電阻 2224‧‧‧ Current sense resistor
2225‧‧‧谷底偵測電路 2225‧‧‧ Valley Detection Circuit
23‧‧‧開關裝置 23‧‧‧Switching device
24‧‧‧驅動電路 24‧‧‧Drive Circuit
25‧‧‧回饋電路 25‧‧‧Feedback circuit
26‧‧‧輸出電感 26‧‧‧Output inductance
261‧‧‧輸出電感感應電路 261‧‧‧Output inductance sensing circuit
27‧‧‧輸出儲能電容 27‧‧‧ Output storage capacitor
28‧‧‧輸入儲能電容 28‧‧‧Input storage capacitor
29‧‧‧零電流偵測電路 29‧‧‧ Zero current detection circuit
LS1‧‧‧第一次級電子感應電路 LS1‧‧‧First secondary electronic sensing circuit
LS2‧‧‧第二次級電子感應電路 LS2‧‧‧Second secondary electronic sensing circuit
D1‧‧‧二極體 D1‧‧‧ diode
D2‧‧‧二極體 D2‧‧‧ diode
R‧‧‧輸出負載 R‧‧‧Output load
I28‧‧‧輸入儲能電容電流 I28‧‧‧Input storage capacitor current
IO1‧‧‧第一次級電子感應電流 IO1‧‧‧First secondary electronically induced current
I21‧‧‧功率因數修正電感電流 I21‧‧‧Power Factor Correction Inductor Current
IO2‧‧‧第二次級電子感應電流 IO2‧‧‧Second secondary electronic induced current
I26‧‧‧輸出電感電流 I26‧‧‧ Output inductor current
D3‧‧‧二極體 D3‧‧‧ diode
3‧‧‧單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器之光源系統 3‧‧‧Single-level high-power-return-direct converter light source system
31‧‧‧功率因數修正電感 31‧‧‧Power factor correction inductor
32‧‧‧電子感應裝置 32‧‧‧Electronic sensing device
33‧‧‧開關裝置 33‧‧‧Switching device
34‧‧‧驅動電路 34‧‧‧Drive circuit
35‧‧‧回饋電路 35‧‧‧Feedback circuit
6‧‧‧輸出電感 6‧‧‧Output inductance
37‧‧‧輸出儲能電容 37‧‧‧ Output storage capacitor
38‧‧‧輸入儲能電容 38‧‧‧Input storage capacitor
39‧‧‧光源模組 39‧‧‧Light source module
D4‧‧‧發光二極體 D4‧‧‧Lighting diode
第一圖:習知之返馳式轉換器的電路圖。 First picture: Circuit diagram of a conventional flyback converter.
第二圖:本發明之單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器的電路圖。 Second Figure: Circuit diagram of a single stage high power factor flyback-forward converter of the present invention.
第三圖:本發明之實施例省略驅動電路及回饋級於運作模式一的等效電路圖。 Third Embodiment: An equivalent circuit diagram of the driving circuit and the feedback stage in the operation mode 1 is omitted in the embodiment of the present invention.
第四圖:本發明之實施例省略驅動電路及回饋級於運作模式二的等效電路圖。 Fourth: The embodiment of the present invention omits the equivalent circuit diagram of the driving circuit and the feedback stage in the operation mode 2.
第五圖:本發明之第一實施例。 Fifth Figure: A first embodiment of the present invention.
第六圖:本發明之第二實施例。 Figure 6: A second embodiment of the invention.
第七圖:本發明之第三實施例。 Seventh embodiment: A third embodiment of the present invention.
第八圖:本發明之第四實施例。 Eighth view: A fourth embodiment of the present invention.
第九圖:本發明之第五實施例。 Ninth view: A fifth embodiment of the present invention.
第十圖:本發明之第六實施例。 Tenth Figure: A sixth embodiment of the present invention.
第十一圖:本發明之第七實施例。 Figure 11: A seventh embodiment of the present invention.
第十二圖:本發明之第八實施例。 Twelfth Figure: An eighth embodiment of the present invention.
第十三圖:本發明之單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器之光源系統的電路圖。 Thirteenth Diagram: Circuit diagram of the light source system of the single stage high power factor return-forward converter of the present invention.
為使能更進一步瞭解本案之特徵及技術內容,請參閱以下有關本發明之詳細說明與附圖,使得熟習本方法之人士可以據以完成之。 In order to provide a further understanding of the features and technical aspects of the present invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings.
為助於實施者辨明本發明之精要,請先參閱第二圖,該圖為本發明之單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器2,該單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器2包含一功率因數修正電感21,該功率因數修正電感21位於該單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器2之輸入端;一電子感應裝置22,該電子感應裝置22電連接於該功率因數修正電感21,該電子感應裝置22具有複數二極體(diode)D1,D2、一初級電子感應電路LP、一第一次級電子感應電路LS1以及一第二次級電子感應電路LS2,該複數二極體D1,D2分別電連接於該第一次級電子感應電路LS1與該第二次級電子感應電路LS2,該電子感應電路LS2及二極體D2可以增加輸出功率50%到輸出電容27;一開關裝置23,該開關裝置23電連接於該功率因數修正電感21與該電子感應裝置 22,用來依據一控制訊號選擇性的建立一電性連接;一驅動電路24,該驅動電路連接至該開關裝置,用來依據一指示訊號產生該控制訊號;一回饋級25,該回饋級25電連接至該電子感應裝置22之次級側,用以執行一輸出電壓與該預定電壓的比較,來產生該指示訊號;一輸出電感26,該輸出電感26電連接於該第一次級電子感應電路LS1,用來抑制或儲存該第一次級電子感應電路LS1所輸出之能量;一輸出儲能電容27,該輸出儲能電容27電連接於該電子感應裝置22的次級側,使次級側的輸出電壓穩定;一輸入儲能電容28,該輸入儲能電容28電連接於該初級電子感應電路LP,儲存或釋放經過該初級電子感應電路LP之能量。 In order to help the implementer to clarify the essence of the present invention, please refer to the second figure, which is a single-stage high-power-return-forward converter 2 of the present invention, which is a single-stage high-performance return-shun-shun The converter 2 includes a power factor correction inductor 21 located at the input of the single-stage high-power flyback-forward converter 2; an electronic sensing device 22, the electronic sensing device 22 Electrically connected to the power factor correction inductor 21, the electronic sensing device 22 has a plurality of diodes D1, D2, a primary electronic sensing circuit LP, a first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1, and a second secondary The electronic induction circuit LS2, the plurality of diodes D1, D2 are electrically connected to the first secondary electronic induction circuit LS1 and the second secondary electronic induction circuit LS2, respectively, and the electronic induction circuit LS2 and the diode D2 can be increased. Output power 50% to the output capacitor 27; a switching device 23, the switching device 23 is electrically connected to the power factor correction inductor 21 and the electronic sensing device 22, used to selectively establish an electrical connection according to a control signal; a driving circuit 24, the driving circuit is connected to the switching device for generating the control signal according to an indication signal; a feedback stage 25, the feedback stage 25 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the electronic sensing device 22 for performing an comparison of an output voltage with the predetermined voltage to generate the indication signal; an output inductor 26 electrically connected to the first secondary The electronic sensing circuit LS1 is configured to suppress or store the energy output by the first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1; an output storage capacitor 27 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the electronic sensing device 22, The output voltage of the secondary side is stabilized; an input storage capacitor 28 is electrically connected to the primary electronic sensing circuit LP to store or release energy passing through the primary electronic sensing circuit LP.
驅動電路24及回饋級13之目的為控制該開關裝置23之切換,其作動原理與習知技術相同,為易於說明本發明之運作原理,於實施例的電路圖中簡化,以下不再贅述。 The purpose of the driving circuit 24 and the feedback stage 13 is to control the switching of the switching device 23. The operation principle is the same as that of the prior art. In order to facilitate the description of the operation principle of the present invention, it is simplified in the circuit diagram of the embodiment, and details are not described below.
第三圖為本發明之實施例省略驅動電路及回饋級於運作模式一的等效電路圖,其中R為輸出負載;在開關裝置23開始導通,輸入電流開始對功率因數修正電感21進行充電,並產生一功率因數修正電感電流I21流經該開關裝置23;而輸入儲能電容28則釋放出前一週期在運作模式二中所儲存的能量,進而產生輸入儲能電容電流I28經由初級電子感應電路LP,將能量耦合至第一次級電子感應電路LS1;該第一次級電子感應電路LS1因該電子感應裝置22的耦合產生一第一次級電子感應電流IO1,該第一次級電子感應電流IO1經過二極體D1及輸出電感26,至輸出儲能電容27儲存及輸出負載R使用;該輸出電感26用以儲存並抑制該第一次級電子感應電流IO1,避免電流流量過大而燒毀二極體D1。 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram omitting a driving circuit and a feedback stage in an operation mode 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein R is an output load; when the switching device 23 starts to conduct, the input current starts to charge the power factor correction inductor 21, and A power factor correction inductor current I21 is generated to flow through the switching device 23; and the input storage capacitor 28 releases the energy stored in the operation mode 2 in the previous cycle, thereby generating the input storage capacitor current I28 via the primary electronic sensing circuit LP. Coupling the energy to the first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1; the first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1 generates a first secondary electronic induced current IO1 due to the coupling of the electronic sensing device 22, the first secondary electronically induced current The IO1 passes through the diode D1 and the output inductor 26, and is used by the output storage capacitor 27 to store and output the load R. The output inductor 26 is used for storing and suppressing the first secondary electronic induced current IO1 to prevent the current flow from being excessively burned. Polar body D1.
第四圖為本發明之實施例省略驅動電路及回饋級於運作模式二的等效電路圖,其中R為輸出負載;在開關裝置23關閉,於運作模式一中儲存能量的功率因數修正電感21開始放電,該功率因數修正電感電流I21流經初級電子感應電路LP並對輸入儲能電容28進行充電,而該功率因數修正電感電流I21流經初級電子 感應電路LP的能量及初級電子感應電路LP本身於運作模式一所儲存之能量,則被耦合至第二次級電子感應電路LS2產生一第二次級電子感應電流IO2,該第二次級電子感應電流IO2經過二極體D2至輸出儲能電容27儲存及輸出負載R使用;而同樣在運作模式一中儲存能量的輸出電感26,也釋放出輸出電感電流I26來提供輸出儲能電容27儲存及輸出負載R使用。 The fourth diagram is an equivalent circuit diagram in which the driving circuit and the feedback stage are in operation mode 2, wherein R is an output load, and the power factor correction inductor 21 that stores energy in the operation mode 1 starts when the switching device 23 is turned off. Discharge, the power factor correction inductor current I21 flows through the primary electronic induction circuit LP and charges the input storage capacitor 28, and the power factor correction inductor current I21 flows through the primary electron The energy of the sensing circuit LP and the stored energy of the primary electronic sensing circuit LP itself in the operating mode are coupled to the second secondary electronic sensing circuit LS2 to generate a second secondary electronically induced current IO2, the second secondary electron The induced current IO2 is stored through the diode D2 to the output storage capacitor 27 and the output load R; and the output inductor 26, which also stores energy in the operation mode 1, also releases the output inductor current I26 to provide the output storage capacitor 27 for storage. And the output load R is used.
第五圖為本發明之第一實施例,透過將初級電子感應電路LP以中心抽頭線圈的電路方式,使開關裝置23導通時,該功率因數修正電感21輸出的電流流經該初級電子感應電路LP的部分電流對輸入儲能電容28充電,部分電流則流經該開關裝置23,因此而降低流經該開關裝置23的電流流量,以降低該開關裝置23的電流需求規格。 The fifth figure is a first embodiment of the present invention. When the switching device 23 is turned on by the circuit of the primary electronic sensing circuit LP in the center tapping coil, the current output by the power factor correcting inductor 21 flows through the primary electronic sensing circuit. A portion of the current of the LP charges the input storage capacitor 28, and a portion of the current flows through the switching device 23, thereby reducing the current flow through the switching device 23 to reduce the current demand specification of the switching device 23.
第六圖為本發明之第二實施例,透過在該第一次級電子感應電路LS1加裝二極體D3,使該輸出電感26在運作模式二時的輸出電感電流I26不會經過該第一次級電子感應電路LS1而反射回該第二次級電子感應電路LS2,減緩該輸出電感電流I26的衰減速度,提升該單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器2的輸出功率。並減少第二次級電子感應電路LS2二極體D2的電流負擔。 The sixth embodiment is a second embodiment of the present invention. When the diode D3 is added to the first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1, the output inductor current I26 of the output inductor 26 in the operation mode 2 does not pass the first A secondary electronic induction circuit LS1 is reflected back to the second secondary electronic induction circuit LS2 to slow down the attenuation speed of the output inductor current I26 and boost the output power of the single-stage high-power flyback-forward converter 2. And reducing the current burden of the second secondary electronic induction circuit LS2 diode D2.
為了避免非零電流切換(Zero Current Switching,ZCS)所造成的能量耗損,如第七圖所示,在該電子感應裝置22上耦合一輔助感應電路221,並將一零電流偵測電路(Zero Current Detecting Circuit,ZCD Circuit)29耦接於該輔助感應電路221及該驅動電路24;透過該輔助感應電路221可感測該電子感應裝置22內的磁場變化,藉此確認該初級電子感應電路LP、該第一次級電子感應電路LS1以及該第二次級電子感應電路LS2內是否有電流流動;而該零電流偵測電路29則用來偵測該輔助感應電路221,並傳送該指示訊號至該驅動電路24,藉此控制該開關裝置23的動作;待確認該初級電子感應電路IP、該第一次級電子感應電路LS1以及該第 二次級電子感應電路LS2之電流為零之後才進行開關切換,以減少非零電流切換之能量耗損。 In order to avoid the energy loss caused by the Zero Current Switching (ZCS), as shown in the seventh figure, an auxiliary sensing circuit 221 is coupled to the electronic sensing device 22, and a zero current detecting circuit (Zero) is provided. The current Detecting Circuit (ZCD Circuit) 29 is coupled to the auxiliary sensing circuit 221 and the driving circuit 24; the auxiliary sensing circuit 221 can sense the change of the magnetic field in the electronic sensing device 22, thereby confirming the primary electronic sensing circuit LP. Whether the current flows in the first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1 and the second secondary electronic sensing circuit LS2; and the zero current detecting circuit 29 is configured to detect the auxiliary sensing circuit 221 and transmit the indication signal Up to the driving circuit 24, thereby controlling the operation of the switching device 23; the primary electronic sensing circuit IP, the first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1, and the Switching is performed after the current of the second secondary electronic induction circuit LS2 is zero to reduce the energy consumption of the non-zero current switching.
而如本發明之第二實施例若要具有零電流切換的功能,則需如第八圖所示,除了該電子感應裝置22耦合該輔助感應電路221外,該輸出電感26需另外增加一輸出電感感應電路261;該零電流偵測電路29需耦接於該輔助感應電路221、該驅動電路24及該輸出電感感應電路261;由於該電子感應裝置22之次級側加裝了二極體D3,因此該電子感應裝置22之次級側有部分電流不會經過該第一次級電子感應電路LS1以及該第二次級電子感應電路LS2,透過該輸出電感感應電路261來偵測該輸出電感26上之電流,確認已滿足零電流切換之條件,才進行該開關裝置23之切換動作。 However, if the second embodiment of the present invention has a zero current switching function, as shown in the eighth figure, in addition to the electronic sensing device 22 coupling the auxiliary sensing circuit 221, the output inductor 26 needs to add an additional output. Inductive sensing circuit 261; the zero current detecting circuit 29 is coupled to the auxiliary sensing circuit 221, the driving circuit 24 and the output inductor sensing circuit 261; since the secondary side of the electronic sensing device 22 is equipped with a diode D3, so that a part of the current on the secondary side of the electronic sensing device 22 does not pass through the first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1 and the second secondary electronic sensing circuit LS2, and the output is sensed through the output inductor sensing circuit 261. The switching operation of the switching device 23 is performed only after the current on the inductor 26 confirms that the condition of zero current switching has been satisfied.
更進一步如第九圖所示本發明之第五實施例,可於該單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器2上加裝一初級漏電感能量回收電路222,該初級漏電感能量回收電路222耦接於該初級電子感應電路LP及該開關裝置23;該初級漏電感能量回收電路222包含一漏電感能量儲存電容2221及一漏電感能量回收繞組2222,當該開關裝置23關閉時,該漏電感能量回收電容2221可儲存在該電子感應裝置22的初級側之漏電感能量,待該開關裝置23導通時,該漏電感能量回收電容2221再將被儲存在回收電容2221之漏電感能量,透過該漏電感能量回收繞組2222耦合傳遞至該初級電子感應電路LP,使該漏電感能量傳遞至該輸入儲能電容28;此一設計可將漏電感能量回收,降低該開關裝置23上之跨壓,以避免下次關閉該開關裝置23時,因電路中漏電感能量所造成的突波電壓損害該開關裝置23,以延長該開關裝置23的使用壽命。 Further, as shown in the ninth embodiment of the fifth embodiment of the present invention, a primary leakage inductance energy recovery circuit 222 can be added to the single-stage high-power flyback-forward converter 2, the primary leakage inductance energy. The recovery circuit 222 is coupled to the primary electronic induction circuit LP and the switching device 23; the primary leakage inductance energy recovery circuit 222 includes a leakage inductance energy storage capacitor 2221 and a leakage inductance energy recovery winding 2222 when the switching device 23 is turned off. The leakage inductance energy recovery capacitor 2221 can store the leakage inductance energy of the primary side of the electronic sensing device 22. When the switching device 23 is turned on, the leakage inductance energy recovery capacitor 2221 will be stored in the leakage inductance of the recovery capacitor 2221. The energy is transmitted through the leakage inductance energy recovery winding 2222 to the primary electronic induction circuit LP, and the leakage inductance energy is transmitted to the input storage capacitor 28; this design can recover the leakage inductance energy and reduce the switching device 23 The voltage is across to avoid the next time the switching device 23 is turned off, the surge voltage caused by the leakage inductance energy in the circuit damages the switching device 23 to extend the switch Set the service life of 23.
由於本發明之第五實施例中,該初級漏電感能量回收電路222含有該漏電感能量回收繞組2222,故若本發明之第五實施例要具有零電流切換的功能,則可如第十圖所示,將該漏電感能量回收繞組2222以中心抽頭線圈的電路方式耦接 於該零電流偵測電路29,該零電流偵測電路29則耦接於該驅動電路24,當該零電流偵測電路29確認該漏電感能量回收繞組2222電壓降為0時,再傳遞該指示訊號至該驅動電路24來控制該開關裝置23的動作,以滿足零電流切換之條件。 In the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the primary leakage inductance energy recovery circuit 222 includes the leakage inductance energy recovery winding 2222. Therefore, if the fifth embodiment of the present invention has a zero current switching function, it can be as shown in the tenth figure. As shown, the leakage inductance energy recovery winding 2222 is coupled in a circuit manner of a center tap coil. The zero current detecting circuit 29 is coupled to the driving circuit 24, and when the zero current detecting circuit 29 confirms that the leakage inductance energy recovery winding 2222 has a voltage drop of 0, An indication signal is sent to the drive circuit 24 to control the operation of the switching device 23 to meet the conditions of zero current switching.
第十一圖為本發明之第七實施例,透過將初級電子感應電路LP以中心抽頭線圈的電路方式,使開關裝置23導通時,該功率因數修正電感21輸出的電流流經該初級電子感應電路LP的部分電流對輸入儲能電容28充電,部分電流則流經該開關裝置23,因此而降低流經該開關裝置23的電流流量,以降低該開關裝置23的電流需求規格。並於開關下方加入一個電流感測電阻2224其阻值約0.025歐姆,再將此電流感測電阻之電壓經由訊號放大電路2223,放大約四倍,最大值約為0.5V左右,當此電壓超過回授電路內之誤差電壓時,將開關turn-off,由於此串聯電阻很小(0.025歐姆),因此功率消耗在1W以下(假設最大電流為6A),可降低電流感測電阻上消耗之功率,進而提高效率。 The eleventh embodiment of the present invention is the seventh embodiment of the present invention. When the switching device 23 is turned on by the circuit of the primary electronic sensing circuit LP in the center tapped coil, the current output by the power factor correcting inductor 21 flows through the primary electronic sensing. A portion of the current of the circuit LP charges the input storage capacitor 28, and a portion of the current flows through the switching device 23, thereby reducing the current flow through the switching device 23 to reduce the current demand specification of the switching device 23. A current sensing resistor 2224 is added under the switch to have a resistance of about 0.025 ohms, and then the voltage of the current sensing resistor is about four times passed through the signal amplifying circuit 2223, and the maximum value is about 0.5 V. When the voltage exceeds When the error voltage in the circuit is feedback, the switch turns-off. Since the series resistance is very small (0.025 ohms), the power consumption is below 1W (assuming the maximum current is 6A), which can reduce the power consumed by the current sensing resistor. , thereby improving efficiency.
第十二圖為本創作之第八實施例,透過輔助感應電路221輸出一零電流訊號VZCD1與輸出電感26感應至輸出電感感應電路261輸出一零電流訊號VZCD2,再將兩個零電流訊號分別乘上K1、K2之權重(weighting)後,在谷底偵測電路(Valley detecting circuit)內相加,當輸出電感26有電流流過時,感應至輸出電感感應電路261輸出之零電流訊號VZCD2訊號為正電壓,此時輔助感應電路221輸出之零電流訊號VZCD1當谷底產生時為負電壓,由於輸出電感感應電路261輸出之零電流訊號VZCD2所乘上的K2權重較大,因此兩個訊號相加之後仍為正電壓,所以無法偵測出谷底。直到輸出電感26之電流為零時,感應至輸出電感感應電路261輸出之零電流訊號VZCD2為零電壓,因此當輔助感應電路221輸出之零電流訊號VZCD1在谷底產生負電壓時,兩訊號在Valley detecting circuit內相加後,VZCD1之谷底可以被偵測出,開關裝置122在谷底時turn-on,可減少切換損失,進而提高效率。 The twelfth embodiment is an eighth embodiment of the present invention. The auxiliary induction circuit 221 outputs a zero current signal V ZCD1 and the output inductor 26 to the output inductor sensing circuit 261 to output a zero current signal V ZCD2 , and then two zero currents. After the signals are multiplied by the weights of K 1 and K 2 respectively, they are added in the Valley detecting circuit. When the output inductor 26 has a current flowing, the zero current is outputted to the output inductor sensing circuit 261. The signal V ZCD2 signal is a positive voltage. At this time, the zero current signal V ZCD1 outputted by the auxiliary sensing circuit 221 is a negative voltage when the valley is generated, and the K 2 weight multiplied by the zero current signal V ZCD2 outputted by the output inductor sensing circuit 261 is compared. Large, so the two signals are still positive after they are added, so the bottom cannot be detected. Until the current of the output inductor 26 is zero, the zero current signal V ZCD2 outputted to the output inductor sensing circuit 261 is zero voltage, so when the zero current signal V ZCD1 outputted by the auxiliary sensing circuit 221 generates a negative voltage at the bottom, the two signals After adding in the Valley detecting circuit, the valley bottom of V ZCD1 can be detected, and the switch device 122 turns-on at the bottom of the valley, which can reduce the switching loss and improve the efficiency.
第十三圖為本創作之單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器之光源系統3的電路圖,該單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器之光源系統3包含一功率因數修正電感31,該功率因數修正電感31位於該單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器之光源系統3之輸入端;一電子感應裝置32,該電子感應裝置32電連接於該功率因數修正電感31,該電子感應裝置31具有複數二極體(diode)D1,D2、一初級電子感應電路LP、一第一次級電子感應電路LS1以及一第二次級電子感應電路LS2,,該複數二極體D1,D2分別電連接於該第一次級電子感應電路LS1與該第二次級電子感應電路LS2;一開關裝置33,該開關裝置33電連接於該功率因數修正電感31與該電子感應裝置32,用來依據一控制訊號選擇性的建立一電性連接;一驅動電路34,該驅動電路34連接至該開關裝置33,用來依據一指示訊號產生該控制訊號;一光源模組39,該光源模組39電連接於該電子感應裝置之次級側,該光源模組39具有一發光二極體(light emitting diode)D4;一回饋級35,該回饋級35電連接至該光源模組39,用以執行一輸出電壓與一預定電壓的比較以及一輸出電流與一預定電流的比較,來產生該指示訊號;一輸出電感36,該輸出電感36電連接於該第一次級電子感應電路LS1,用來抑制或儲存該第一次級電子感應電路LS1所輸出之能量;一輸出儲能電容37,該輸出儲能電容37電連接於該電子感應裝置32的次級側,使次級側的輸出電壓穩定;一輸入儲能電容38,該輸入儲能電容38電連接於該初級電子感應電路LP,儲存或釋放經過該初級電子感應電路LP之能量。 The thirteenth picture is a circuit diagram of the light source system 3 of the single-stage high-power-return-forward converter of the creation, the single-stage high-power-return-forward converter light source system 3 includes a power factor The inductor 31 is modified, and the power factor correction inductor 31 is located at an input end of the single-stage high-power return-to-forward converter light source system 3; an electronic sensing device 32 is electrically connected to the power factor The inductor 31 is modified. The electronic sensing device 31 has a plurality of diodes D1, D2, a primary electronic sensing circuit LP, a first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1, and a second secondary electronic sensing circuit LS2. The plurality of diodes D1, D2 are electrically connected to the first secondary electronic sensing circuit LS1 and the second secondary electronic sensing circuit LS2, respectively; a switching device 33 electrically connected to the power factor correcting inductor The electronic sensing device 32 is configured to selectively establish an electrical connection according to a control signal; a driving circuit 34 is coupled to the switching device 33 for generating the control signal according to an indication signal; a light source module 39, The light source module 39 is electrically connected to the secondary side of the electronic sensing device. The light source module 39 has a light emitting diode D4, and a feedback stage 35. The feedback stage 35 is electrically connected to the light source module. 39, configured to perform a comparison of an output voltage with a predetermined voltage and a comparison of an output current with a predetermined current to generate the indication signal; an output inductor 36 electrically coupled to the first secondary electronic induction The circuit LS1 is configured to suppress or store the energy output by the first secondary electronic induction circuit LS1; an output storage capacitor 37 electrically connected to the secondary side of the electronic sensing device 32, The output voltage of the stage side is stable; an input storage capacitor 38 is electrically connected to the primary electronic sensing circuit LP to store or release energy passing through the primary electronic sensing circuit LP.
由於一般發光二極體對於工作電壓與工作電流相當敏感,故在一般光源系統的電路中,必須要有定電壓控制及電流限制控制,將輸出給發光二極體的電壓與電流控制在該發光二極體所能承受的工作電壓與工作電流範圍內;因此如第十一圖所示,將該回饋級35電連接至該光源模組39上,用以偵測輸出至該發光二極體D4中的電壓與電流,使該回饋級35比較其輸出電流及輸出電壓是否超 出該發光二極體D4所能承受之範圍,進而送出該指示訊號控制來控至該開關裝置33,避免該發光二極體D4無法承受輸出電流及輸出電壓而燒燬。 Since the general light-emitting diode is quite sensitive to the operating voltage and the operating current, in the circuit of the general light source system, constant voltage control and current limiting control must be provided, and the voltage and current output to the light-emitting diode are controlled in the light. The working voltage and the operating current range that the diode can withstand; therefore, as shown in FIG. 11 , the feedback stage 35 is electrically connected to the light source module 39 for detecting the output to the light emitting diode The voltage and current in D4 make the feedback stage 35 compare its output current and output voltage. The range of the light-emitting diode D4 can be received, and the indication signal control is sent to the switch device 33 to prevent the light-emitting diode D4 from being able to withstand the output current and the output voltage and burned.
以上所述者僅為用以解釋本發明之較佳實施例,並非企圖據以對本發明做任何形式上之限制,凡有在相同之發明精神下所作有關本發明之任何修飾或變更,皆仍應包括在本發明意圖保護之範疇。 The above is only a preferred embodiment for explaining the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any modifications or alterations to the present invention made in the spirit of the same invention are still It should be included in the scope of the intention of the present invention.
2‧‧‧單級高功因返馳-順向式轉換器 2‧‧‧Single-stage high-power return-forward converter
21‧‧‧功率因數修正電感 21‧‧‧Power factor correction inductor
22‧‧‧電子感應裝置 22‧‧‧Electronic sensing device
23‧‧‧開關裝置 23‧‧‧Switching device
24‧‧‧驅動電路 24‧‧‧Drive Circuit
25‧‧‧回饋電路 25‧‧‧Feedback circuit
26‧‧‧輸出電感 26‧‧‧Output inductance
27‧‧‧輸出儲能電容 27‧‧‧ Output storage capacitor
28‧‧‧輸入儲能電容 28‧‧‧Input storage capacitor
Vin‧‧‧輸入電壓 Vin‧‧‧Input voltage
Vout‧‧‧輸出電壓 Vout‧‧‧ output voltage
LP‧‧‧初級電子感應電路 LP‧‧‧Primary electronic sensing circuit
LS1‧‧‧第一次級電子感應電路 LS1‧‧‧First secondary electronic sensing circuit
LS2‧‧‧第二次級電子感應電路 LS2‧‧‧Second secondary electronic sensing circuit
D1‧‧‧二極體 D1‧‧‧ diode
D2‧‧‧二極體 D2‧‧‧ diode
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