TWI549450B - 監控方法 - Google Patents

監控方法 Download PDF

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TWI549450B
TWI549450B TW104118664A TW104118664A TWI549450B TW I549450 B TWI549450 B TW I549450B TW 104118664 A TW104118664 A TW 104118664A TW 104118664 A TW104118664 A TW 104118664A TW I549450 B TWI549450 B TW I549450B
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sensing device
host
monitoring method
media
burst mode
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TW104118664A
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TW201644231A (zh
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陳怡凱
李英準
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大鵬科技股份有限公司
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Priority to TW104118664A priority Critical patent/TWI549450B/zh
Priority to EP15178578.9A priority patent/EP3104575B1/en
Priority to US14/811,182 priority patent/US9501914B1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19654—Details concerning communication with a camera
    • G08B13/1966—Wireless systems, other than telephone systems, used to communicate with a camera
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19617—Surveillance camera constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19634—Electrical details of the system, e.g. component blocks for carrying out specific functions
    • G08B13/19636—Electrical details of the system, e.g. component blocks for carrying out specific functions pertaining to the camera
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19665—Details related to the storage of video surveillance data
    • G08B13/19669—Event triggers storage or change of storage policy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19695—Arrangements wherein non-video detectors start video recording or forwarding but do not generate an alarm themselves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/10—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for controlling access to devices or network resources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/752—Media network packet handling adapting media to network capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/10—Streamlined, light-weight or high-speed protocols, e.g. express transfer protocol [XTP] or byte stream
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/324—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the data link layer [OSI layer 2], e.g. HDLC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/667—Camera operation mode switching, e.g. between still and video, sport and normal or high- and low-resolution modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • H04N7/181—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0203—Power saving arrangements in the radio access network or backbone network of wireless communication networks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)

Description

監控方法
本發明係有關一種監控方法，特別是關於一種基於低耗能無線感測網路的監控方法。
影像監控(video surveillance)系統使用相機以記錄重要地點的影像訊息，經網際網路的傳送而得以集中進行監控，用以取代人力方式的監控，不但節省人力且可提升監控效率。
根據傳統影像監控系統的特性之一，用以記錄影像訊息的相機的電源係由市電所提供，且絕大部分時間處於主動(active)狀態。因此，電源佈線會造成該些相機設置的複雜度，且使得將來變更位置時較缺乏彈性。
根據傳統影像監控系統的另一特性，於每一次的通信交談(session)中，僅會傳送一個封包，因此不但耗時，且無法提升能源使用效率(energy efficient)。
雖然有人提出修改媒體存取控制(MAC)次層，使得每一次的通信交談中可傳送多個封包。然而，如此一來卻造成不同廠商所製造的裝置之間進行通信時無法相容。
因此，亟需提出一種新穎的監控架構，用以克服傳統影像監控系統的諸多缺點。
鑑於上述，本發明實施例的目的之一在於提出一種監控方法，其屬於低耗能無線感測網路，以電池來提供電源，既可省略電源佈線的麻煩，也可增進設置位置的可變更性。此外，實施例以叢發模式連續傳送複數個封包，因此得以提高能源使用效率，且能保有裝置之間的相容性。
根據本發明的實施例，感測裝置的媒體擷取裝置根據觸發事件而擷取媒體；當媒體擷取完成後，感測裝置發送媒體備妥通知給主機。主機發出媒體尺寸請求給感測裝置，用以詢問所擷取媒體的尺寸大小；感測裝置發出媒體尺寸回應給主機，用以告知所擷取媒體的尺寸大小。主機根據感測裝置所告知的媒體尺寸，決定出叢發模式的傳送封包數目，並發出相應叢發模式封包傳送請求給感測裝置；感測裝置根據叢發模式封包傳送請求，以連續方式傳送所決定數目的複數個封包。
100‧‧‧監控系統
11‧‧‧主機
12‧‧‧感測裝置
121‧‧‧媒體擷取裝置
122‧‧‧偵測器
123‧‧‧控制器
13‧‧‧控制中心
301‧‧‧是否啟動監控系統
302‧‧‧啟動偵測器
303‧‧‧是否偵測到異常狀態
304‧‧‧異常偵測通知
305‧‧‧擷取媒體
306‧‧‧媒體備妥通知
307‧‧‧媒體尺寸請求
308‧‧‧媒體尺寸回應
309‧‧‧叢發模式封包傳送請求
310‧‧‧連續傳送複數個封包
311‧‧‧是否成功接收
312‧‧‧重傳封包
313‧‧‧封包漏失比例是否小於臨界值
314‧‧‧是否逾時
501‧‧‧是否要求擷取媒體
第一圖顯示本發明實施例之監控系統的系統示意圖。
第二圖顯示第一圖之感測裝置的細部方塊圖。
第三圖(包含第三a圖及第三b圖)顯示本發明第一實施例之監控方法的流程圖。
第四圖則顯示根據第一實施例的主機與感測裝置之間所進行的主要通信交談。
第五圖(包含第五a圖及第五b圖)顯示本發明第二實施例之監控方法的流程圖。
第六圖則顯示根據第二實施例的主機與感測裝置之間所進行的主要通信交談。
第一圖顯示本發明實施例之監控(surveillance)系統100的系統示意圖，主要包含有主機11與感測裝置(sensor device)12。監控系統100還可包含控制中心13，其連接至主機11。
根據本實施例的特徵之一，感測裝置12與主機11形成低耗能無線感測網路(low power wireless sensor network)，其中感測裝置12與主機11為電池供電(battery-powered)。低耗能無線感測網路可為ZigBee、Z-Wave、6LoWPAN、DECT ULE等。本實施例之低耗能無線感測網路可使用電機電子工程師學會(IEEE)所制訂的802.15.4協定來實施，但不限定於此。
使用電池供電的優點之一為可省略電源佈線的麻煩，也可以增進感測裝置12與主機11之設置位置的可變更性。因此，使得監控系統100的建構、維護與修改都更有彈性。
為了節省功耗，感測裝置12與主機11僅於特定時間才醒來(awake)，其餘時間則處於睡眠(sleeping)狀態。反觀傳統無線網路，例如區域無線網路(Wi-Fi)，其組成裝置的電源係由市電所提供，因此絕大部分時間處於主動(active)狀態。
在本實施例中，主機11可為閘道器(gateway)，控制中心13可為內容管理系統(content management system,CMS)，但不限定於此。第二圖顯示第一圖之感測裝置12的細部方塊圖，其包含媒體擷取(media capturing)裝置 121、偵測器(detector)122與控制器123。媒體擷取裝置121可為聲音擷取裝置或影像擷取裝置，用以分別擷取聲音或影像。在本實施例中，影像擷取裝置包含被動式紅外光相機(PIR cam)，可用以擷取靜態影像(still image)或動態影像(video)。本實施例之偵測器122可包含移動偵測器(motion detector)或門窗偵測器等。控制器123接收影像擷取裝置121與偵測器122的資料或信號，用以和主機11進行通信。控制器123可使用控制電路與軟體來實施。
第三圖顯示本發明第一實施例之監控方法的流程圖，第四圖則顯示根據第一實施例的主機11與感測裝置12之間所進行的主要通信交談。
首先，步驟301檢視使用者是否啟動監控系統100。若是，則主機11送出啟動命令給感測裝置12，用以啟動感測裝置12的偵測器122(步驟302)。於步驟303，若偵測器122偵測到異常狀態，例如有物體移動或門窗異常開啟之事件觸發，則感測裝置12的控制器123發送異常偵測通知給主機11(步驟304)。主機11接收到異常偵測通知後，可進一步通報(report)控制中心13。舉例而言，當監控系統100所監控的屋內有外人非法進入而被移動偵測器偵測到，則感測裝置12的控制器123即發送異常偵測通知給主機11。
緊接著，於步驟305，感測裝置12的媒體擷取裝置121隨即進行媒體的擷取。例如，媒體擷取裝置121的影像擷取裝置擷取至少一張靜態影像。當所要張數的媒體都已擷取完成後，感測裝置12的控制器123發送媒體備妥(ready)通知給主機11(步驟306)。
當接收到媒體備妥通知後，於步驟307，主機11發出媒體尺寸請求給感測裝置12，用以詢問所擷取媒體的尺寸大小。接著，感測裝置12發出媒體尺寸回應給主機11，用以告知所擷取媒體的尺寸大小(步驟308)。
於步驟309，主機11根據感測裝置12所告知的媒體尺寸，並考量監控系統100的整體架構(例如所包含感測裝置12的數目)或/且周圍的雜訊狀況，決定出叢發模式(burst mode)的每次傳送封包數目，並發出相應叢發模式封包傳送請求(步驟309)。當感測裝置12收到叢發模式封包傳送請求後，即根據該叢發模式封包傳送請求，以連續方式傳送所要求數目的複數個封包(步驟310)。
值得注意的是，在本實施例中，感測裝置12係以叢發模式於一個通信交談當中連續傳送複數個封包，有別於傳統低耗能無線感測網路於每一次的通信交談僅傳送一個封包。因此，本實施例之低耗能無線感測網路當中的主機11與感測裝置12即可節省相當的功耗，提高能源使用效率，因而得以延長主機11與感測裝置12所使用電池的壽命。根據本實施例的另一特徵，主機11與感測裝置12之間所進行的叢發模式封包傳送，係實施於開放系統互連(OSI)模型的資料連接層(data link layer)(例如媒體存取控制(MAC)次層)之上的通信層，例如應用層(application layer)。換句話說，本實施例於進行叢發模式封包傳送並未更動到資料連接層。因此，本實施例之低耗能無線感測網路當中的主機11與感測裝置12可互為相容(compatible)或者為裝置無關的(device-independent)。
經過一預設時間後，於步驟311，主機11會檢查是否已成功接收到上述連續傳送的複數個封包。如果有漏失部分的封包，則主機11可要求感測裝置12重傳該些漏失的封包(步驟312)。經過至少一次的封包重傳後，如果封包漏失比例小於一預設臨界值(步驟313)，則結束監控流程。如果封包漏失比 例未小於預設臨界值，且尚未逾時(timeout)(步驟314)，則回到步驟312重傳該些漏失的封包。
第五圖顯示本發明第二實施例之監控方法的流程圖，第六圖則顯示根據第二實施例的主機11與感測裝置12之間所進行的主要通信交談。
第二實施例類似於第一實施例，不同的地方在於第三圖的步驟302~304由步驟501所取代。也就是說，當使用者啟動了監控系統100(步驟301)後，如果使用者要求擷取媒體(例如擷取靜態影像或動態影像)，則主機11發送媒體擷取要求給感測裝置12(步驟501)。舉例而言，當使用者從其他系統得知有火警通報時，可藉由監控系統100要求擷取靜態影像或動態影像，以便確認該火警通報。當收到該媒體擷取要求(或事件觸發)後，於步驟305，感測裝置12的媒體擷取裝置121隨即進行媒體的擷取。第二實施例的其餘步驟同於第一實施例，其細節不再贅述。
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，並非用以限定本發明之申請專利範圍；凡其它未脫離發明所揭示之精神下所完成之等效改變或修飾，均應包含在下述之申請專利範圍內。
11‧‧‧主機
12‧‧‧感測裝置

Claims (18)

  1. 一種監控方法，包含：一感測裝置的媒體擷取裝置根據一觸發事件而擷取媒體；當媒體擷取完成後，該感測裝置發送媒體備妥通知給一主機；該主機發出媒體尺寸請求給該感測裝置，用以詢問所擷取媒體的尺寸大小；在傳送該擷取媒體之前，該感測裝置發出媒體尺寸回應給該主機，用以告知所擷取媒體的尺寸大小；該主機根據該感測裝置所告知的媒體尺寸，決定出叢發模式的傳送封包數目，並發出相應叢發模式封包傳送請求給該感測裝置；及該感測裝置根據該叢發模式封包傳送請求，以連續方式傳送所決定數目的複數個封包。
  2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該觸發事件為該感測裝置的偵測器偵測到異常狀態。
  3. 根據申請專利範圍第2項所述之監控方法，其中該感測裝置的偵測器偵測到異常狀態後，該感測裝置即發送異常偵測通知給該主機。
  4. 根據申請專利範圍第3項所述之監控方法，其中該主機接收到異常偵測通知後，更通報一控制中心。
  5. 根據申請專利範圍第2項所述之監控方法，其中該偵測器包含移動偵測器或門窗偵測器。
  6. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該觸發事件為該主機根據使用者要求而發送媒體擷取要求給該感測裝置。
  7. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該主機與該感測裝置形成無線感測網路。
  8. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該主機與該感測裝置為電池供電。
  9. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該感測裝置與該主機僅於特定時間才醒來，其餘時間則處於睡眠狀態。
  10. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該主機與該感測裝置之間所進行的叢發模式封包傳送，係實施於開放系統互連(OSI)模型的資料連接層之上的通信層。
  11. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該主機與該感測裝置之間所進行的叢發模式封包傳送，係實施於開放系統互連(OSI)模型的媒體存取控制(MAC)次層之上的通信層。
  12. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該主機與該感測裝置之間所進行的叢發模式封包傳送，係實施於開放系統互連(OSI)模型的應用層。
  13. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，更包含：該主機檢查是否已成功接收到該連續傳送的複數個封包；及如果封包漏失比例未小於一預設臨界值，則該主機要求該感測裝置重傳漏失的封包。
  14. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該媒體擷取裝置包含聲音擷取裝置或影像擷取裝置，用以分別擷取聲音或影像。
  15. 根據申請專利範圍第14項所述之監控方法，其中該影像擷取裝置包含被動式紅外光相機(PIR cam)。
  16. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，更包含：該主機送出啟動命令給該感測裝置，用以啟動該感測裝置的偵測器。
  17. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該叢發模式的傳送封包數目的決定還根據該主機與該感測裝置的整體架構，或者根據周圍的雜訊狀況。
  18. 根據申請專利範圍第1項所述之監控方法，其中該主機包含閘道器。
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