TWI539822B - 利用時間性同調動態範圍對映的視訊編碼技術 - Google Patents
利用時間性同調動態範圍對映的視訊編碼技術 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI539822B TWI539822B TW100137700A TW100137700A TWI539822B TW I539822 B TWI539822 B TW I539822B TW 100137700 A TW100137700 A TW 100137700A TW 100137700 A TW100137700 A TW 100137700A TW I539822 B TWI539822 B TW I539822B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- parameter
- frame sequence
- dynamic range
- sequence
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 title claims description 103
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 206010049155 Visual brightness Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007430 reference method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013144 data compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NUHSROFQTUXZQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentenyl diphosphate Chemical compound CC(=C)CCO[P@](O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O NUHSROFQTUXZQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004091 panning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
- H04N19/105—Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/124—Quantisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/40—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video transcoding, i.e. partial or full decoding of a coded input stream followed by re-encoding of the decoded output stream
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
- H04N19/98—Adaptive-dynamic-range coding [ADRC]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)
- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US39440510P | 2010-10-19 | 2010-10-19 | |
| EP11166909A EP2445214A1 (en) | 2010-10-19 | 2011-05-20 | Video coding using temporally coherent dynamic range mapping |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW201234860A TW201234860A (en) | 2012-08-16 |
| TWI539822B true TWI539822B (zh) | 2016-06-21 |
Family
ID=44117856
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW100137700A TWI539822B (zh) | 2010-10-19 | 2011-10-18 | 利用時間性同調動態範圍對映的視訊編碼技術 |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US9532047B2 (enExample) |
| EP (2) | EP2445214A1 (enExample) |
| JP (2) | JP6121331B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR101531119B1 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN103262535B (enExample) |
| AR (1) | AR083481A1 (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2011319562B2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2815158C (enExample) |
| ES (1) | ES2663213T3 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX2013004362A (enExample) |
| RU (1) | RU2550533C2 (enExample) |
| TR (1) | TR201802251T4 (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TWI539822B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2012052338A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9420302B2 (en) | 2012-01-24 | 2016-08-16 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Weighted multi-band cross color channel predictor |
| KR20150020568A (ko) | 2012-05-14 | 2015-02-26 | 루카 로사토 | 시간을 따라 샘플들의 시퀀스들의 블렌딩에 기초한 인코딩과 디코딩 |
| GB2513111A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-22 | Sony Corp | Data encoding and decoding |
| US20170264911A1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2017-09-14 | Thomson Licensing | Method and device for predictive coding/decoding of a group of pictures of a sequence of images with conversion of the dynamic of the values of the pixels |
| CN105723711B (zh) * | 2013-11-12 | 2019-05-07 | 杜比实验室特许公司 | 高动态范围视频编码中的预抖动方法、装置及存储介质 |
| US10045024B2 (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2018-08-07 | Thomson Licensing | Method and device for quantising the floating value of a pixel in an image |
| DE112015000950T5 (de) | 2014-02-25 | 2016-12-08 | Apple Inc. | Abwärtskompatible Einrichtung und abwärtskompatibles Verfahren zum Bereitstellen von Video mit sowohl Standard- als auch hohem Dynamikbereich |
| US10104388B2 (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2018-10-16 | Sony Corporation | Video processing system with high dynamic range sensor mechanism and method of operation thereof |
| RU2686642C2 (ru) * | 2014-08-08 | 2019-04-29 | Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. | Способы и устройства для кодирования hdr-изображений |
| FR3018149A1 (fr) * | 2014-09-02 | 2015-09-04 | Thomson Licensing | Procede et dispositif de selection d'un operateur de conversion de dynamique d'image, programme d'ordinateur et support de stockage correspondant |
| WO2016123001A1 (en) | 2015-01-27 | 2016-08-04 | Dolby International Ab | Predictive image encoding and decoding with pixel group based quantization |
| US10735755B2 (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2020-08-04 | Arris Enterprises Llc | Adaptive perceptual mapping and signaling for video coding |
| KR102658290B1 (ko) | 2015-06-08 | 2024-04-16 | 브이아이디 스케일, 인크. | 스크린 콘텐츠 코딩을 위한 인트라 블록 카피 모드 |
| EP3107300A1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-21 | Thomson Licensing | Method and device for encoding both a high-dynamic range frame and an imposed low-dynamic range frame |
| KR102403360B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-16 | 2022-05-30 | 광운대학교 산학협력단 | 하위 호환성을 고려한 hdr 영상 복호화 장치에서 다이나믹 레인지 매핑 정보를 이용하는 방법 및 장치 |
| US10244249B2 (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2019-03-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Fixed point implementation of range adjustment of components in video coding |
| ITUB20155949A1 (it) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-05-26 | Trellis Europe S R L | Metodo per la codifica e decodifica di immagini hdr |
| RU2720446C2 (ru) * | 2015-12-17 | 2020-04-29 | Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. | Простое, но гибкое кодирование динамического диапазона |
| CN107027027B (zh) * | 2016-01-31 | 2021-02-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | 图像的编码、解码方法及装置、以及图像的编解码系统 |
| RU2728516C2 (ru) * | 2016-03-18 | 2020-07-30 | Конинклейке Филипс Н.В. | Кодирование и декодирование hdr видео |
| ITUA20163652A1 (it) | 2016-05-20 | 2017-11-20 | Trellis Europe S R L | Metodo per la codifica e decodifica di immagini hdr |
| US10810970B1 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-10-20 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display device |
| WO2019057846A1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-28 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | CONCEPT FOR VARYING A CODING QUANTIFICATION PARAMETER IN AN IMAGE, ADJUSTING A CODING QUANTIFICATION PARAMETER AND ADAPTING A CODING QUANTITY PARAMETER OF A MULTI-CHANNEL IMAGE |
| WO2019205117A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | Intel Corporation | Weighted prediction mechanism |
| EP4058976B1 (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2025-05-07 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Device and method for pre-processing image data for a computer vision application |
| US12394444B2 (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2025-08-19 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Computing dynamic metadata for editing HDR content |
| US20240169708A1 (en) * | 2022-11-10 | 2024-05-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Processing video data using delta quantization |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5440344A (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1995-08-08 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Video encoder using adjacent pixel difference for quantizer control |
| US6028608A (en) * | 1997-05-09 | 2000-02-22 | Jenkins; Barry | System and method of perception-based image generation and encoding |
| US6560285B1 (en) | 1998-03-30 | 2003-05-06 | Sarnoff Corporation | Region-based information compaction as for digital images |
| JP4186470B2 (ja) * | 2002-02-05 | 2008-11-26 | ソニー株式会社 | 符号化処理装置、復号処理装置、および方法、並びにコンピュータ・プログラム |
| RU2287909C2 (ru) * | 2004-12-15 | 2006-11-20 | Московский технический университет связи и информатики | Способ преобразования цифрового сигнала изображения и устройство для его реализации |
| US8014445B2 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2011-09-06 | Sharp Laboratories Of America, Inc. | Methods and systems for high dynamic range video coding |
| WO2007116551A1 (ja) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | 画像符号化装置及び画像符号化方法並びに画像復号化装置及び画像復号化方法 |
| GB2444992A (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-25 | Tandberg Television Asa | Video encoding using picture division and weighting by luminance difference data |
| JP2008227702A (ja) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-25 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 動きベクトル探索装置、動きベクトル探索方法及び動きベクトル探索プログラム |
| US7983496B2 (en) * | 2007-06-26 | 2011-07-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. | Inverse tone mapping for bit-depth scalable image coding adapted to variable block sizes |
| CN101796841B (zh) * | 2007-06-27 | 2012-07-18 | 汤姆逊许可公司 | 用增强层残差预测对视频数据编码/解码的方法和设备 |
| WO2010105036A1 (en) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Layered compression of high dynamic range, visual dynamic range, and wide color gamut video |
-
2011
- 2011-05-20 EP EP11166909A patent/EP2445214A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-10-12 ES ES11767737.7T patent/ES2663213T3/es active Active
- 2011-10-12 RU RU2013122852/08A patent/RU2550533C2/ru active
- 2011-10-12 WO PCT/EP2011/067840 patent/WO2012052338A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-10-12 TR TR2018/02251T patent/TR201802251T4/tr unknown
- 2011-10-12 KR KR1020137012694A patent/KR101531119B1/ko active Active
- 2011-10-12 CA CA2815158A patent/CA2815158C/en active Active
- 2011-10-12 MX MX2013004362A patent/MX2013004362A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-10-12 CN CN201180061241.1A patent/CN103262535B/zh active Active
- 2011-10-12 EP EP11767737.7A patent/EP2630794B1/en active Active
- 2011-10-12 JP JP2013534258A patent/JP6121331B2/ja active Active
- 2011-10-12 AU AU2011319562A patent/AU2011319562B2/en active Active
- 2011-10-18 TW TW100137700A patent/TWI539822B/zh active
- 2011-10-19 AR ARP110103867A patent/AR083481A1/es active IP Right Grant
-
2013
- 2013-04-12 US US13/861,512 patent/US9532047B2/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-11-07 JP JP2016217593A patent/JP6453832B2/ja active Active
- 2016-11-16 US US15/352,682 patent/US10205958B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2815158A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
| TR201802251T4 (tr) | 2018-03-21 |
| KR20130084670A (ko) | 2013-07-25 |
| EP2445214A1 (en) | 2012-04-25 |
| EP2630794A1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
| EP2630794B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
| MX2013004362A (es) | 2013-06-05 |
| JP2013545371A (ja) | 2013-12-19 |
| KR101531119B1 (ko) | 2015-06-23 |
| RU2550533C2 (ru) | 2015-05-10 |
| AU2011319562B2 (en) | 2015-08-06 |
| CA2815158C (en) | 2016-08-16 |
| AU2011319562A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
| ES2663213T3 (es) | 2018-04-11 |
| CN103262535B (zh) | 2016-08-31 |
| CN103262535A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
| TW201234860A (en) | 2012-08-16 |
| JP2017073792A (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
| US9532047B2 (en) | 2016-12-27 |
| JP6453832B2 (ja) | 2019-01-16 |
| US10205958B2 (en) | 2019-02-12 |
| BR112013009596A2 (pt) | 2016-07-12 |
| WO2012052338A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
| AR083481A1 (es) | 2013-02-27 |
| RU2013122852A (ru) | 2014-11-27 |
| US20170064324A1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
| US20130223531A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
| JP6121331B2 (ja) | 2017-04-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI539822B (zh) | 利用時間性同調動態範圍對映的視訊編碼技術 | |
| CN112929670B (zh) | 自适应色度下采样和色彩空间转换技术 | |
| KR101789954B1 (ko) | 차세대 비디오 코딩을 위한 콘텐츠 적응적 이득 보상된 예측 | |
| US9554145B2 (en) | Re-encoding image sets using frequency-domain differences | |
| US10873763B2 (en) | Video compression techniques for high dynamic range data | |
| JP6529504B2 (ja) | ハイダイナミックレンジ画像を符号化する、および/または、ビットストリームを復号するための方法およびデバイス | |
| US20170171565A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for predicting image samples for encoding or decoding | |
| EP3092797A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for encoding image data and method and apparatus for decoding image data | |
| EP3107301A1 (en) | Method and device for encoding both a high-dynamic range frame and an imposed low-dynamic range frame | |
| Garbas et al. | Temporally coherent luminance-to-luma mapping for high dynamic range video coding with H. 264/AVC | |
| Hanhart et al. | Evaluation of JPEG XT for high dynamic range cameras | |
| HK1189109A (en) | Video coding using temporally coherent dynamic range mapping | |
| HK1189109B (en) | Video coding using temporally coherent dynamic range mapping | |
| Nascimento et al. | H. 264/AVC backward compatible bit-depth scalable video coding | |
| BR112013009596B1 (pt) | Codificação de vídeo utilizando mapeamento de variação dinâmica temporalmente coerente |