TWI537222B - A co-treatment process of sludge - Google Patents

Description

Mixed waste co-processing method

The invention relates to a mixed waste co-processing method, in particular to a mixed waste co-processing method for treating mixed waste in a plasma environment.

According to statistics, the sludge removal volume in China is about 2.37 million metric tons. Among them, the harmful sludge and general sludge are 115,000 and 2.24 million metric tons respectively. The above statistics do not include public sewage sludge. According to the information from the Construction Department of the Ministry of the Interior, the output of sewage sludge in 2007 was 77,000 metric tons, accounting for about 3% of the aforementioned commercial sludge. The daily output is 213.3 metric tons, and the main output areas are concentrated in densely populated areas, including metropolitan areas such as Taipei, Taoyuan, Kaohsiung and Tainan. Among them, the sewage sludge produced by the Taipei Dihua Wastewater Treatment Plant accounts for 50% of the output.

Nowadays, China's domestic sewage treatment has faced problems that need to be solved, such as insufficient processing capacity of the processing organization, unreasonable classification of production sources, and processing problems to be improved.

There are many kinds of intermediate treatment technologies for business wastes. According to their treatment targets and technologies, they can be divided into six categories:

1. Physical/chemical treatment: crushing, sorting, drying, etc., and treating the waste to a method suitable for further processing or disposal.

2. Incineration treatment: Incineration treatment technology is one of heat treatment technologies. The main purpose is to reduce the waste volume of final disposal. Due to its mature technology, it has been widely used in various types of waste. Material handling.

3. Wet oxidation treatment: The wet oxidation treatment method mainly accelerates oxidation through humidification, reduces the chance of fouling caused by organic substance spoilage, and oxidizes the high-activity unstable substance to turn into a stable state through oxidation. The purpose of stability.

4. Biological treatment: The biological treatment method is divided into three types: aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic. The difference is the type of microorganisms used, and the living environment required for microbial decomposition of waste is the aerobic and lack of the name. Oxygen, anaerobic, through the decomposition of microorganisms to coagulate, decompose or recombine, to achieve the purpose of treatment.

5. Treatment methods for special wastes: Individual wastes that must be disposed of separately due to their nature, such as toxic and hazardous business wastes, must be ensured that the operating environment is fully enclosed and the operating temperature is higher than normal. Incineration operation requirements, the general incinerator requires the incineration zone temperature to be between 900~1050 °C, and the incineration temperature of hazardous waste requires the incinerator outlet center temperature to be higher than 1000 °C, and the destruction rate is higher than 99.99%. Have to be discharged.

6. Curing treatment: When individual wastes are disposed of in the open air and buried in the sanitation, there will be doubts about the rainwater washing out heavy metals, or the toxic substances will be dissolved, causing irreversible damage to the land. Therefore, the waste before final disposal is solidified to reduce its environmental impact after final disposal.

The business sludge belongs to one of the commercial wastes, and is characterized by a high moisture content of at least 80 wt.% or more. The conventional heat treatment consumes a large amount of energy, reduces the treatment efficiency, and generates a large amount of incineration ash and fly ash.

At present, China's current business sludge cleaning technology can be divided into organic matter destruction and water removal according to its operation purpose. Organic matter destruction includes incineration, hydrolysis, digestion and wet oxidation, etc., and removal of water is based on mechanical extrusion and dehydration. Or warm and dry, etc., the final disposal is Buried as the main means of implementation.

The advantages of incinerating waste are convenience and the rate of weight loss is high, but the derived ash and fly ash are serious secondary pollution, especially the heavy metals contained in fly ash, which are easy to form in the air. Secondary pollution. The rest, such as hydrolysis, digestion and wet oxidation, also produce derivatized waste that cannot be completely treated.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a mixed waste co-processing method which uses a solid carbon dioxide source as a source of gaseous carbon dioxide in a plasma environment, improves the efficiency of solid waste cracking to generate flammable gas, and reduces carbon dioxide emissions. The cost of handling solid waste.

In order to achieve the foregoing objects, the present invention provides a mixed waste co-processing method comprising the steps of: (A) mixing a solid waste with a solid carbon dioxide source to form a mixed waste; (B) initiating a plasma heat treatment a device, when the temperature condition of the plasma heat treatment device is between 500 and 800 ° C, adding the mixed waste to the plasma heat treatment device; and (C) adding at least one oxygen carrier into the plasma heat treatment device And causing the solid waste in the mixed waste to undergo a thermal gasification cracking reaction with the gaseous carbon dioxide released from the oxygen-containing carrier and the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste in a plasma environment to generate a predetermined A quantity of flammable gas.

According to a preferred embodiment, the oxygen-containing carrier is water vapor which is added to the plasma heat treatment apparatus separately or simultaneously with the mixed waste. The water vapor is added in an amount of 1 to 100% relative humidity, and the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste has a volume concentration of carbon dioxide of 1 to 80%.

According to a preferred embodiment, the mass mixing ratio of the solid waste to the solid carbon dioxide source is 1:1, 1:1.5 or 1:2.

According to a preferred embodiment, the solid waste and the solid carbon dioxide source are formed into a granular mixed waste via a mixing granulation step.

According to a preferred embodiment, the solid carbon dioxide source is a carbonate-containing material. Wherein the carbonate is calcium carbonate. Preferably, the calcium carbonate-containing material is green mud.

According to a preferred embodiment, the solid waste is sludge waste. The mixed waste is sludge waste containing carbon dioxide, solid carbon dioxide sludge after calcination, and/or pre-treated solid carbon dioxide sludge.

The effect of the invention is that the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste releases gaseous carbon dioxide, and then together with the oxygen carrier, the cracking effect of the solid waste in the mixed waste in the plasma environment is improved, so that the final result is generated. The cumulative output quality of flammable gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and carbon dioxide is greater than the cumulative output quality of the above various combustible gases produced by the thermal solidification of the solid solid waste, which improves the flammability of solid waste cracking. Gas efficiency and reduce carbon dioxide emissions and the cost of handling solid waste.

100‧‧‧Micropaste heat treatment equipment

1‧‧‧Nitrogen bottle

2‧‧‧Power supply and cooling system

3‧‧‧Flow controller

4‧‧‧ Temperature Monitoring System

5‧‧‧Feeding device

6‧‧‧坩锅

7‧‧‧Plastic Torch

8‧‧‧Export pipeline

9‧‧‧ distilled water unit

10‧‧‧ creeping pump

11‧‧‧Mass flow meter

12‧‧‧Gas Analysis Instruments

S1~S3‧‧‧ steps

The first figure is a flow chart of the method for co-processing mixed waste of the present invention.

The second figure is a schematic view of the plasma heat treatment equipment used in the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention.

The third figure is a H ₂ instantaneous concentration map produced by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention.

The fourth figure is a graph of the instantaneous concentration of CO generated by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention.

The fifth figure is a transient concentration diagram of CH ₄ produced by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a graph showing the instantaneous concentration of CO ₂ produced by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention.

The seventh figure is an SEM image of one thousand times magnification of pure sewage sludge waste that has not been treated.

The eighth image is an SEM image of a thousand times magnification of untreated green mud.

The ninth image is an SEM image of one thousand times magnification of the residue of pure sewage sludge after plasma heat treatment.

The tenth figure is an SEM image of one thousand times magnification of the residue of the pure sewage sludge waste after being subjected to gaseous CO ₂ treatment at a flow rate of three liters per minute in the plasma heat treatment.

The eleventh figure is an SEM image of one thousand times magnification of the residue of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud by a mass mixing ratio of 1:1 after the plasma heat treatment.

The twelfth image is an SEM image of a thousand times magnification of the residue of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud at a mass mixing ratio of 1:1.5 after the plasma heat treatment.

The thirteenth image is an SEM image of a thousand-fold magnification of the residue of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge and the green mud in a mass mixing ratio of 1:2 after the plasma heat treatment.

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt;

Please refer to the first figure and the second figure. The first figure is a flow chart of the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention, and the second figure is a schematic view of the plasma heat treatment equipment of the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention. The invention provides a method for co-processing mixed waste, comprising the following steps:

Step S1: mixing a solid waste and a solid carbon dioxide source to form a mixed waste. Wherein the mass mixing ratio of the solid waste to the solid carbon dioxide source is 1:1, 1:1.5 or 1:2. The mass mixing ratio of the solid waste to the solid carbon dioxide source may vary depending on the nature of the different types of solid waste, and is not limited thereto. Wherein, the solid waste and the solid carbon dioxide source are formed into a granular mixed waste through a mixed granulation step. The solid waste may be in the form of powder, granules, bricks, cylinders, irregulars or other shapes, and the solid waste may be in the form of dry, wet or semi-dry. In this embodiment, the solid waste is sludge waste, which may be sewage sludge waste, commercial sludge waste, industrial sludge waste, livestock sludge waste, and agricultural waste. Mud waste or other types of sludge waste. The solid carbon dioxide source is a carbonate-containing material. Wherein, the carbonate is calcium carbonate, so the solid carbon dioxide source is a calcium carbonate-containing material. Preferably, the calcium carbonate-containing material is green mud. The mixed waste is sludge waste containing carbon dioxide, solid carbon dioxide sludge after calcination, and/or solid carbon dioxide sludge after pretreatment. Wherein, the granular mixed waste is placed in a drying dish for storage.

Step S2: starting a plasma heat treatment device 100, when the plasma heat treatment device When the temperature condition of 100 is between 500 and 800 ° C, the mixed waste is added to the plasma heat treatment apparatus 100. The plasma heat treatment device 100 may be a thermal plasma, a cold plasma, a high-frequency plasma, a torch plasma, a microwave plasma, a non-transmission type plasma, or a transmission type plasma. In this embodiment, the plasma heat treatment apparatus 100 is a kind of thermal plasma, and the plasma heat treatment apparatus 100 includes a nitrogen cylinder, a power supply and cooling system 2, a flow controller 3, and a temperature monitoring system 4. A feeding device 5, a crucible 6, a plasma torch 7, an outlet line 8, a distilled water device 9, a peristaltic pump 10, a mass flow meter 11, a gas analysis device 12, and a reaction tank. First, the mixed waste is placed in the charging device 5. Then, the flow controller 3 controls the flow rate of nitrogen gas having a purity of 99.99% in the nitrogen gas cylinder 1 into the plasma torch 7, and the voltage required to supply the plasma torch 7 through the power supply and cooling system 2, The control panel of the current and the cooling system required for the return line cause the nitrogen in the plasma torch 7 to generate a high temperature nitrogen plasma, and the high temperature nitrogen plasma is sent to the reaction tank. The temperature monitoring system 4 is configured to detect the temperature of the furnace body inside the plasma torch 7. When the temperature in the reaction tank reaches between 500 and 800 ° C, the mixed waste is pushed into the reaction tank by a push rod on the charging device 5 to perform a thermal gasification cracking treatment. The mixed waste may be fed in batch or continuous mode. When the mixed waste is charged in each batch, the solid waste in the mixed waste is 10 grams. The source of solid carbon dioxide in the mixed waste will vary depending on the mixing ratio. For example, when the mass mixing ratio of the solid waste to the solid carbon dioxide source is 1:1, the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste is 10 grams. Thereby, the total weight of the mixed waste per batch is 20 grams. When the mass mixing ratio of the solid waste to the solid carbon dioxide source is 1:1.5, the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste is 15 grams. Thereby, the total weight of the mixed waste per batch is 25 grams. The mass mixing ratio between the solid waste and the solid carbon dioxide source is At 1:2, the source of solid carbon dioxide in the mixed waste is 20 grams. Thereby, the total weight of the mixed waste per batch is 30 grams. And so on. The plasma heat treatment equipment has an operating temperature of 873K. The plasma torch 7 is a small non-transmission type DC system, and the hot temperature above 10,000 ° C in the center can generate a high temperature operating environment of 1,400-1,650 ° C, and its strong heat radiation makes the heat transfer efficiency superior to the traditional flame, high temperature. The reaction tends to have a reaction rate that is more than 10 times faster than combustion, whereby the thermal gasification cracking treatment can provide a better effect than conventional thermal cracking furnaces.

Step S3: adding at least one oxygen-containing carrier into the plasma heat treatment device, so that the solid waste in the mixed waste is in a plasma environment, and the oxygen-containing carrier and the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste The released gaseous carbon dioxide undergoes a thermal gasification cracking reaction to produce a predetermined amount of flammable gas. More specifically, the oxygen-containing carrier is water vapor supplied from the distilled water unit 9, and the flow rate of the water vapor supplied from the distilled water unit 9 to the reaction tank is controlled by the peristaltic pump 10. The amount of the water vapor added is between 1% and 100% relative humidity, and the volume of the gaseous carbon dioxide released by the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste is between 1% and 80%. The amount of the water vapor added may vary depending on the nature of the different types of solid waste, and is not limited thereto. Of course, the water vapor can also be supplied by the mixed waste itself. The generated gas is collected into a sampling bag through the sampling port of the outlet line 8 above the cooling water pipe. The gas produced is collected in a one liter sampling bag, and one bag is taken every 30 seconds, and the sampling volume is between 500 and 800 ml. The gas analysis instrument 12 is used to analyze the main gas, and the gas concentration and recovery rate are converted, and the gas is quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed. The gas analysis instrument 12 can select a gas chromatography thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD) and a gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GC-MS) for analyzing gas characteristics and gas concentration, and Do qualitative and quantitative analysis. The generated gas contains a combustible gas containing hydrogen (H ₂ ), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH ₄ ), and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ). The residue of the mixed waste after vaporization is collected in a crucible 6 provided in the reaction tank. The flammable gases may be converted to thermal, electrical, and mechanical energy via other techniques, or further formed into a liquid fuel, such as FT (Fisher Tropsch) synthetic diesel, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, liquefied petroleum gas, and the like.

The water vapor and the mixed waste may be separately added to the plasma heat treatment apparatus 100, or may be simultaneously added to the plasma heat treatment apparatus 100.

Example:

The solid waste in this embodiment is selected from Sewage Sludge (SW), and the solid carbon dioxide source is Green Liquor Dreg Sludge (GLD), and is 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2 The mixing ratio of the three kinds of sewage sludge waste to the green mud is mixed and granulated, and the mixed waste formed by the mixed granulation is subjected to steps S2 and S3. For the experimental results obtained, please refer to the third to sixth figures. The third figure is the H ₂ instantaneous concentration diagram generated by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention, and the fourth figure is the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention. The CO instantaneous concentration map, the fifth graph is the instantaneous concentration diagram of CH ₄ produced by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention, and the sixth graph is the instantaneous concentration of CO ₂ generated by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention. From the experimental results shown in the third to sixth graphs, it was found that the highest concentration point appeared between 0.75 and 1.25 minutes, and more than 95% of the gas products were produced within 5 minutes, so the experiment was followed by the gas product 5 minutes before the collection. Analytical comparison is performed, and the cumulative output quality and yield results of the combustible gas are summarized in Table 1 below, and the results of the boosting magnification of the combustible gas are summarized in Table 2 below.

a. Gas yield = (gas quality / total sample quality) × 100%

b. Gas lift rate = gas production of mixed waste / gas production of pure sewage sludge waste

Please refer to the third figure, which is the instantaneous concentration diagram of H ₂ produced by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention, wherein ◆ represents pure sewage sludge waste, and ▲ represents the mass mixing ratio of sewage sludge waste to green mud. 1:1 mixed waste, ■ represents the mixed mixture of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud in a mass ratio of 1:1.5, ● represents the mass mixing ratio of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud is 1:2. Mix waste. As can be seen from the third figure, the maximum hydrogen production time of the pure sewage sludge waste is 0.75 minutes, and the maximum hydrogen production time of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste mixed with the green mud of three different mass mixing ratios is 1.25 minutes. It can be seen that the maximum hydrogen production time of the mixed wastes of the mixed sewage sludge and the green mud of the three different mass mixing ratios is slightly later than the maximum hydrogen production time of the pure sewage sludge waste. Obviously, the green mud will have a slight impact on the maximum hydrogen production time of the sewage sludge waste. In addition, as can be seen from the third figure, the highest instantaneous concentration of hydrogen in pure sewage sludge waste is 155,392 parts per million (ppmv), and the mass mixing ratio of sewage sludge to green mud is 1:1. The highest instantaneous concentration of hydrogen in the mixed waste is 372,194 parts per million (ppmv), and the mass of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge and the green mud is 1:1.5. The highest instantaneous concentration of hydrogen is 300,931 parts per minute. (ppmv), the maximum instantaneous concentration of hydrogen in the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud of 1:2 is 309,338 parts per million (ppmv). In other words, the highest instantaneous concentration of hydrogen in the mixed waste of the mixed sludge and the green mud of the three different mass mixing ratios is greater than the highest instantaneous concentration of the pure sewage sludge. Among them, the highest instantaneous concentration of hydrogen in the mixed waste of the following water sludge waste and green mud is 1:1, and the mixing ratio of the sewage sludge waste to the green mud is 1:1.5. The difference between the highest instantaneous concentration of hydrogen in the mixed waste with a mass ratio of waste and sewage sludge waste to green mud is 1:2.

In terms of the cumulative output quality of hydrogen, as shown in Table 1, the cumulative production quality of pure sewage sludge waste is 147 mg, and the mass mixing ratio of sewage sludge to green mud is The cumulative mass of hydrogen produced by the 1:1 mixed waste is 2,116 mg, and the cumulative mass of hydrogen produced by the mixed waste of the sewage sludge and the green mud is 1:1.5, and the cumulative output of hydrogen is 1,306 mg. The cumulative mass of hydrogen produced by the mixed waste with a mass ratio of waste to green mud of 1:2 is 1,933 mg. In other words, as shown in Table 2, the mass cumulative output of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud is 1:1, and the cumulative output quality of the hydrogen is the cumulative output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste. 14.39 times, the mass cumulative output of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud of 1:1.5 is 8.88 times of the cumulative output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste, and the sewage sludge is discarded. The cumulative mass of hydrogen produced by the mixed waste with a mass ratio of 1 to 2 is 13.15 times that of the cumulative output of hydrogen of pure sewage sludge. It can be seen from the above that the cumulative production quality of the mixed waste of the mixed sewage sludge and the green mud of the three different mass mixing ratios is greater than the cumulative output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste.

The green mud (a source of solid carbon dioxide containing calcium carbonate) in the present embodiment releases gaseous carbon dioxide during the thermal gasification cracking treatment to replace the carbon dioxide from the outside into the reaction tank in the prior art. Please refer to the fourth figure, which is the instantaneous concentration diagram of CO generated by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention, wherein ◆ represents pure sewage sludge waste, and ▲ represents the mass mixing ratio of sewage sludge waste to green mud is 1 :1 mixed waste, ■ represents a mixed waste ratio of sewage sludge waste and green mud of 1:1.5, ● represents a mixing ratio of sewage sludge waste and green mud mass ratio of 1:2 Waste. As can be seen from the fourth figure, the highest instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide in pure sewage sludge waste is 82,886 parts per million (ppmv), and the mixture of sewage sludge and green mud has a mass ratio of 1:1. The instantaneous concentration is 100,799 parts per million (ppmv), and the mixture of sewage sludge and green mud has a mass ratio of 1:1.5. The highest instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide is 81,913 parts per million (ppmv). The highest instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide in the mixed waste of 1:2 for the mass ratio of mud waste to green mud is 273,197 parts per million (ppmv). In other words, the maximum instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide in the mixture of sewage sludge and green mud is 1:1 and 1:2, and the maximum instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide is higher than the highest instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide in pure sewage sludge, but sewage The highest instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide in the mixed waste with a mass ratio of mud waste to green mud of 1:1.5 is slightly lower than the highest instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide in pure sewage sludge waste.

In terms of the cumulative output quality of carbon monoxide, as shown in Table 1, the cumulative output of carbon monoxide in pure sewage sludge waste is 1,333 mg, and the mixing ratio of sewage sludge to green mud is 1:1. The cumulative output of carbon monoxide is 5,915 mg, and the mass of carbon monoxide accumulated by the mixed waste of sewage sludge and green mud is 1:1.5. The cumulative output of carbon monoxide is 7,570 mg, and the sewage sludge and green mud The cumulative output of carbon monoxide in the mixed waste with a mass mixing ratio of 1:2 is 26,589 mg. In other words, as shown in Table 2, the carbon monoxide cumulative output quality of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud is 1:1, and the quality of the carbon monoxide cumulative output of the pure sewage sludge waste is 4.44 times, the mass ratio of carbon monoxide accumulated in the mixed waste of sewage sludge and green mud is 1:5.6, which is 5.68 times of the cumulative output quality of carbon monoxide in pure sewage sludge waste, and the sewage sludge is discarded. The carbon monoxide cumulative output quality of the mixed waste with a mass ratio of 1:2 to the green mud is 19.95 times that of the cumulative output of carbon monoxide of the pure sewage sludge waste. It can be seen from the above that the carbon monoxide cumulative output quality of the mixed wastes of the sewage sludge waste mixed with the green mud of the three different mass mixing ratios is greater than the cumulative carbon monoxide output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste.

It is worth mentioning that the highest instantaneous concentration of carbon monoxide in the mixed waste of sewage sludge and green mud is 1:1.5, which is slightly less than that of pure sewage sludge. The highest instantaneous concentration of carbon oxides may be caused by delayed reaction factors. However, in terms of the cumulative output quality of carbon monoxide, the mass of carbon monoxide accumulated in the mixed waste of sewage sludge and green mud is 1:1.5, and the cumulative output quality of carbon monoxide is higher than that of pure sewage sludge. 5.68 times, it is presumed that the main reason is that the green mud has the characteristic of continuously releasing gaseous carbon dioxide to participate in the reaction during the thermal gasification cracking treatment.

As for the sudden increase in the concentration of carbon monoxide in the mixed waste of the sewage sludge and the green mud of 1:2, it is speculated that the amount of gaseous carbon dioxide released by the green mud is much larger than that of the sewage sludge itself. The amount of gas required for cracking, but because of the long residence time, can be effectively cracked by plasma to form oxygen atoms and carbon monoxide. In addition to a large increase in carbon monoxide, it can also increase the concentration of oxygen atoms in the environment. Because oxygen atoms can be used as oxygen-containing carriers, the thermal gasification cracking reaction of the sewage sludge waste can be further enhanced. Finally, since the sewage sludge waste itself has been completely reacted, it is possible to finally form molten solids, and the reaction is fully achieved, as evidenced by the fifth figure.

Please refer to the fifth figure, which is a transient concentration diagram of CH ₄ produced by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention, wherein ◆ represents pure sewage sludge waste, and ▲ represents the mass mixing ratio of sewage sludge waste to green mud. 1:1 mixed waste, ■ represents the mixed mixture of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud in a mass ratio of 1:1.5, ● represents the mass mixing ratio of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud is 1:2. Mix waste. As can be seen from the fifth figure, the highest instantaneous concentration of methane in pure sewage sludge waste is 16,130 parts per million (ppmv), and the mixed mass of sewage sludge and green mud is 1:1. The instantaneous concentration is 5,531 parts per million (ppmv). The mass of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge and the green mud is 1:1.5. The maximum instantaneous concentration of methane is 38,461 parts per million (ppmv). The maximum instantaneous concentration of methane in the mixed waste with a mass ratio of waste to green mud of 1:2 is 22,080 parts per million (ppmv). In other words, the mass mixture ratio of the sewage sludge waste to the green mud is 1:1.5 and 1:2, and the maximum instantaneous concentration of methane is higher than the highest instantaneous concentration of methane in the pure sewage sludge. Among them, the highest instantaneous concentration of methane in the mixed waste with a mass mixing ratio of the following water sludge waste and green mud is 1:1.5. It is worth mentioning that the maximum instantaneous concentration of methane in the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud is 1:1, which is lower than the highest instantaneous concentration of methane in the pure sewage sludge waste.

In terms of the cumulative output quality of methane, as shown in Table 1, the cumulative mass of methane produced by pure sewage sludge waste is 132 mg, and the mixed ratio of sewage sludge waste to green mud is 1:1. The cumulative output quality of methane is 202mg, and the mass of methane accumulated by the mixed waste of sewage sludge and green mud is 1: 890. The cumulative mass of methane is 890mg. The mixing ratio of sewage sludge to green mud The methane cumulative output mass of the 1:2 mixed waste is 856 mg. In other words, as shown in Table 2, the methane cumulative output quality of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud is 1:1, which is the cumulative output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste. 1.53 times, the mass of the methane accumulated output of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge and the green mud is 1:6.7, which is 6.74 times of the cumulative output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste, and the sewage sludge is discarded. The methane cumulative output quality of the mixed waste with a mass ratio of 1:2 to the green mud is 6.48 times that of the purely produced sludge waste. It can be seen from the above that the methane cumulative output quality of the mixed wastes of the sewage sludge waste mixed with the green mud of the three different mass mixing ratios is greater than the methane cumulative output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste.

Please refer to the sixth figure for the instantaneous concentration of CO ₂ produced by the mixed waste co-processing method of the present invention, wherein ◆ represents pure sewage sludge waste, and ▲ represents the mass mixing ratio of sewage sludge waste to green mud. 1:1 mixed waste, ■ represents the mixed mixture of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud in a mass ratio of 1:1.5, ● represents the mass mixing ratio of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud is 1:2. Mix waste. As can be seen from the sixth figure, the highest instantaneous concentration of carbon dioxide in pure sewage sludge waste is 10,826 parts per million (ppmv), and the mixed ratio of sewage sludge to green mud is 1:1. The instantaneous concentration is 13,233 parts per million (ppmv), and the mixing ratio of the sewage sludge to the green mud is 1:1.5. The maximum instantaneous concentration of carbon dioxide in the mixed waste is 22,630 parts per million (ppmv). The maximum instantaneous concentration of carbon dioxide in the mixed waste with a mass ratio of waste to green mud of 1:2 is 45,933 ppm (ppmv). In other words, the highest instantaneous concentration of carbon dioxide in the mixed waste of the mixed sludge and the green mud of the three different mass mixing ratios is greater than the highest instantaneous concentration of the carbon dioxide of the pure sewage sludge.

In terms of the cumulative output quality of carbon dioxide, as shown in Table 1, the cumulative output of carbon dioxide in pure sewage sludge waste is 265 mg, and the mixing ratio of sewage sludge to green mud is 1:1. The cumulative output of carbon dioxide is 1,890mg, and the combined mass of carbon dioxide produced by the mixed waste of sewage sludge and green mud is 1:1, and the mass of carbon dioxide is 3,281mg. The quality of sewage sludge and green mud. The cumulative output of carbon dioxide in mixed waste with a mixing ratio of 1:2 is 10,876 mg. In other words, as shown in Table 2, the combined mass of carbon dioxide produced by the mixing ratio of the sewage sludge waste to the green mud is 1:1, and the mass of the carbon dioxide cumulative output of the pure sewage sludge waste is 7.13 times, the combined mass of carbon dioxide produced by the mixing ratio of the sewage sludge waste and the green mud is 1:1.5, which is 12.38 times of the cumulative output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste, and the sewage sludge is discarded. The mass-mixed mass of the mixed waste of the material and the green mud is 1:2, and the cumulative output of carbon dioxide is pure sewage sludge. The cumulative carbon dioxide production yield is 41.04 times. It can be seen from the above that the combined output quality of the mixed wastes of the sewage sludge waste mixed with the green mud of the three different mass mixing ratios is greater than the carbon dioxide output quality of the pure sewage sludge waste.

In addition, as shown in Table 1, the yields of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide increase with the increase of the input amount of the sample, and the highest yield of hydrogen occurs when the mixing ratio of the sewage sludge to the green mud mass is 1:1. For mixed waste, the highest yield of methane is mixed waste that occurs in a 1:1.5 mixing ratio of sewage sludge to chlorite.

Summarizing the above, the present invention has already mixed the solid waste and the solid carbon dioxide source to form a mixed waste before the hot gasification cracking treatment, so that the mixed waste and the steam are added to the plasma heat treatment equipment, and the mixed waste is The solid carbon dioxide source releases gaseous carbon dioxide to replace the previous technology to introduce gaseous carbon dioxide from the outside, and then the gaseous carbon dioxide released by the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste further enhances the solid waste in the mixed waste together with the water vapor. The cracking effect of the material in the plasma environment makes the cumulative output quality of the low-carbon flammable gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and carbon dioxide produced by the final generation significantly higher than that produced by the pure solid waste after the thermal gasification cracking treatment. The cumulative output quality of the various flammable gases described above. These flammable gases can be used as fuels or as raw materials for the petrochemical industry. In addition, the present invention can also greatly reduce the emission of greenhouse gases (ie, carbon dioxide) in the bottom slag and waste gas generated by incineration, in addition to reducing the environmental impact of solid waste and greenhouse gases, and also enabling energy. Recycling, and providing additional sources of energy to supplement the future energy needs of fossil fuels, is quite helpful for future energy use safety.

In particular, when the solid waste provided by the present invention is combined with solid carbon dioxide When the mass mixing ratio of the source is 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2, the cumulative output of hydrogen is 14.39 times, 8.88 times and 13.15 times higher than that of pure solid waste. The cumulative output quality of carbon monoxide is 4.44 times, 5.68 times and 19.95 times higher than the cumulative output quality of pure solid waste, respectively. The cumulative output quality of methane is 1.53 times higher than that of pure solid waste. 6.74 times and 6.48 times, the cumulative output quality of carbon dioxide is 7.13 times, 12.38 times and 41.04 times higher than the cumulative output quality of pure solid waste.

Furthermore, the yields of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide increase significantly as the mass mixing ratio of solid waste and solid carbon dioxide sources in the mixed waste increases.

In addition, the yield of hydrogen does not increase as the mass mixing ratio of the solid waste and the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste increases, whereby the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste has an optimum ratio for increasing the hydrogen production. The optimum ratio of the solid waste to the solid carbon dioxide source is 1:1.

Moreover, the yield of methane is also not increased as the mass mixing ratio of solid waste and solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste increases, whereby the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste has an optimum for increasing methane production. The ratio of the optimum ratio of the solid waste to the solid carbon dioxide source is 1:1.5.

It is worth mentioning that please refer to the “residual characteristics analysis” in Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5 below:

Among them, Table 3 is the elemental analysis of pure green mud and pure sewage sludge waste before plasma heat treatment. Table 4 shows that pure sewage sludge waste does not pass into gaseous carbon dioxide and pure sewage sludge waste after plasma heat treatment. Elemental analysis of gaseous carbon dioxide, Table 5 is pure raw sewage sludge, pure green mud and mixed waste. The raw materials before heat treatment and the residue after heat treatment of plasma are in different gasification media and 873K conditions. Approximate analysis and calorific value. From the "residual characteristics analysis" in Tables 3 to 5, it is found that the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste can be mixed waste in comparison with the cracking reaction in the gaseous carbon dioxide environment in which the pure sewage sludge waste is externally introduced. The solid waste has a more complete cracking reaction, and the ash content is 100% all inorganic lava. It should be noted that Tables 3 and 4 do not show the elemental analysis of mixed waste because the mixed waste contains almost no flammable fraction.

Please refer to the seventh to thirteenth, the seventh picture is the SEM image of one thousand times of the pure sewage sludge waste that has not been treated, and the eighth picture is the SEM image of one thousand times magnification of the untreated green mud. The ninth figure is an SEM image of one thousand times magnification of the residue of pure sewage sludge after heat treatment by plasma. The tenth figure shows the flow rate of pure sewage sludge waste in plasma heat treatment at three liters per minute. An SEM image of one thousand times magnification of the residue after the treatment with gaseous CO ₂ , and the eleventh figure is a mixture of sewage sludge and green mud with a mass mixing ratio of 1:1. One thousand times magnification of the SEM image of the residue, the twelfth figure is a SEM of a thousand times magnification of the residue of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge and the green mud after the mass mixing ratio of 1:1.5 The image, the thirteenth image, is an SEM image of a thousand-fold magnification of the residue of the mixed waste of the sewage sludge and the green mud of 1:2 after the plasma heat treatment. It can be seen from the SEM (Structural Equation Models) image that the residue of the mixed waste formed by the mixing of the sewage sludge and the green mud forms a cluster structure of the clustered nano particles. In this way, mixing the sewage sludge waste with the green mud source to form a mixed waste helps the sewage sludge waste in the mixed waste to react more completely and comprehensively. It is a plasma gasification melting technology (Plasma Gasification Melting) , referred to as PGM) technology development potential direction.

The above is only a preferred embodiment for explaining the present invention, and is not intended to impose any form limitation on the present invention, so that it is made under the same creative spirit. Any modifications or variations of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

S1~S3‧‧‧ steps

Claims (10)

A mixed waste co-processing method comprising the steps of: (A) mixing a solid waste and a solid carbon dioxide source to form a mixed waste, wherein the solid waste has a mass mixing ratio of 1:1 to the solid carbon dioxide source; , 1:1.5 or 1:2; (B) starting a plasma heat treatment device, when the temperature condition of the plasma heat treatment device is between 500 and 800 ° C, the mixed waste is added to the plasma heat treatment device And (C) adding at least one oxygen-containing carrier to the plasma heat treatment device to cause solid waste in the mixed waste to be in a plasma environment, and the oxygen-containing carrier and solid carbon dioxide in the mixed waste The gaseous carbon dioxide released from the source undergoes a thermal gasification cracking reaction to produce a predetermined amount of flammable gas. The mixed waste co-processing method according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen-containing carrier is water vapor, and the water vapor is added to the plasma heat treatment device separately or simultaneously with the mixed waste. The mixed waste co-processing method according to claim 2, wherein the water vapor is added in an amount of 1 to 100% relative humidity, and the volume of carbon dioxide released by the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste is The concentration is between 1% and 80%. The mixed waste co-processing method according to claim 1, wherein the solid waste and the solid carbon dioxide source are formed into a granular mixed waste through a mixed granulation step. The mixed waste co-processing method according to claim 1, wherein the solid carbon dioxide source is a carbonate-containing substance. The mixed waste co-processing method according to claim 5, wherein the carbonate is calcium carbonate. The mixed waste co-processing method according to claim 6, wherein the calcium carbonate-containing material is green mud. The mixed waste co-processing method according to claim 1, wherein the solid waste is sludge waste. The mixed waste co-processing method according to claim 8, wherein the mixed waste is sludge waste containing carbon dioxide, solid carbon dioxide sludge after calcination, and/or solid carbon dioxide sludge after pretreatment. A mixed waste co-processing method comprising the following steps: (A) mixing a solid waste and a solid carbon dioxide source to form a mixed waste, wherein the solid carbon dioxide source is green mud; (B) starting a plasma heat treatment device Adding the mixed waste to the plasma heat treatment apparatus when the temperature condition of the plasma heat treatment apparatus is between 500 and 800 ° C; and (C) adding at least one oxygen-containing carrier to the plasma heat treatment apparatus, Solid waste in the mixed waste in a plasma environment, and the oxygen carrier The gaseous carbon dioxide released from the solid carbon dioxide source in the mixed waste is subjected to a thermal gasification cracking reaction to produce a predetermined amount of combustible gas.