TWI505818B - Method and system of monitoring abnormal usage state of a medical drill element - Google Patents
Method and system of monitoring abnormal usage state of a medical drill element Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明一般係關於一種偵測(monitoring)鑽件(drill element)之異常使用狀態(abnormal usage state)的方法與系統,尤其係關於一種偵測醫療用鑽件(medical drill element)之異常使用狀態的方法與系統。The present invention generally relates to a method and system for detecting an abnormal usage state of a drill element, and more particularly to detecting an abnormal use state of a medical drill element. Method and system.
在習知技術中,大型機械結構之裂縫(crack)監測主要是藉由內埋於大型機械結構內之感測器(sensor)所接收之訊號並藉由處理系統(processing system)作進一步分析而實行。In the prior art, the crack monitoring of a large mechanical structure is mainly carried out by a signal received by a sensor embedded in a large mechanical structure and further analyzed by a processing system. Implemented.
然而,在牙醫根管治療的領域中,要監測尺寸較小的根管銼針(endodontic file)的裂縫則顯得更為困難。因為根管銼針尺寸較小,其不足以容納內埋式感測器或讓感測器配置於其上。此外,即使感測器可勉強配置於根管銼針上,但是,在進行牙根管(root canal)修形或切削時,根管銼針之彎曲和振動等現象可能造成感測器的剝落或損壞。However, in the field of dentistry root canal treatment, it is more difficult to monitor cracks in smaller endodontic files. Because the root canal is small in size, it is not sufficient to accommodate the embedded sensor or to have the sensor disposed thereon. In addition, even if the sensor can be barely placed on the root canal, the bending and vibration of the root canal may cause the sensor to peel off during root canal modification or cutting. Or damaged.
目前對於根管銼針裂縫的觀察通常是在根管銼針斷裂後,以掃瞄式電子顯微鏡觀察斷裂面(fracture surface)而回推裂縫可能產生的時間點。然而,由於對於斷裂面的解析會因觀察者的經驗而有所不同,且牙根管的彎曲方式因人而異,因此以掃瞄式電子顯微鏡觀察斷裂面而回推裂縫可能產生的時間點的技術在實際應用上仍受到限制。At present, the observation of the root canal fissure crack is usually the time point at which the fracture surface can be detected by a scanning electron microscope after the root canal needle fracture. However, since the analysis of the fracture surface differs depending on the experience of the observer, and the bending manner of the root canal varies from person to person, the time at which the fracture surface is observed by the scanning electron microscope and the crack is retracted may occur. The technology is still limited in practical applications.
此外,另一種習知對於根管銼針裂縫的觀察方式是,在根管銼針每實際運作一段時間後,將此根管銼針移至在另一機台作進一步的剛性測試(stitfness test)。經由剛性變化,可以掌握是否有破壞如裂縫的發生,不過剛性測試每次所費時間是根管銼針實際運作的數以十倍,而一旦裂縫發生後可能再運轉數秒至數十秒就會完全斷裂,所以剛性測試歸納可能斷裂的時間點的技術在實際應用上仍受到相當大的限制。In addition, another conventional method for observing the crack of the root canal needle is to move the root canal needle to another machine for further rigidity test after each time the root canal needle is actually operated for a period of time (stitfness test) ). Through the change of rigidity, it is possible to know whether there is damage such as crack occurrence, but the time required for the rigidity test is ten times the actual operation of the root canal needle, and once the crack occurs, it may run for a few seconds to several tens of seconds. Completely broken, so the technique of rigid testing to summarize the point in time at which the fracture may occur is still considerably limited in practical applications.
此外,上述習知技術皆非即時偵測的技術。Moreover, the above prior art techniques are not techniques for instant detection.
本發明提出一種偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法與系統,其可即時偵測使用中的醫療用鑽件的異常狀態。The present invention provides a method and system for detecting an abnormal use state of a medical drill member, which can instantly detect an abnormal state of a medical drill member in use.
本發明提供一種偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法,其包括以下步驟。首先,將一感測器以不直接配置於醫療用鑽件的方式而配置,使得感測器的感測範圍涵蓋一待醫療對象(medically treated object)之至少一部分。接著,感測器接收醫療用鑽件鑽入待醫療對象時所產生的多個可感測訊號(detectable signal)。然後,一處理系統依據感測器所接收的這些可感測訊號,判斷是否偵測到醫療用鑽件的異常使用狀態。The present invention provides a method of detecting an abnormal use state of a medical drill member, which includes the following steps. First, a sensor is configured in a manner that is not directly disposed in the medical drill, such that the sensing range of the sensor encompasses at least a portion of a medulated object. Next, the sensor receives a plurality of detectable signals generated when the medical drill bit is drilled into the medical object to be treated. Then, a processing system determines whether the abnormal use state of the medical drill member is detected according to the sensible signals received by the sensor.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述方法更包含若處理系統判斷偵測到醫療用鑽件的異常使用狀態時,則醫療用鑽件停止運作。In an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises: if the processing system determines that the abnormal use state of the medical drill member is detected, the medical drill member stops operating.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述這些可感測訊號為振動波訊 號(vibrational wave signal)。In an embodiment of the invention, the sensible signals are vibration waves. Number (vibrational wave signal).
在本發明之一實施例中,上述感測器為一聲波感測器、一光纖感測器(fiber sensor)、一壓電感測器或一應變感測器。In an embodiment of the invention, the sensor is an acoustic wave sensor, a fiber sensor, a piezoelectric sensor or a strain sensor.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述方法更包含以下步驟。首先,一光訊號產生器(optical signal generator)產生多個第一光訊號。感測器在接收這些可感測訊號時,將這些第一光訊號的一部分轉換為多個第二光訊號。接著,一光檢測器(photo detector)接收這些第二光訊號之一部分分別與這些第一光訊號之另一部分相耦合的耦合光訊號的能量,並將這些耦合光訊號的能量轉換為電壓訊號。其中,處理系統依據感測器所接收的這些可感測訊號,判斷是否偵測到醫療用鑽件的異常使用狀態的上述步驟為,處理系統依據這些電壓訊號,判斷是否偵測到醫療用鑽件的異常使用狀態。In an embodiment of the invention, the above method further comprises the following steps. First, an optical signal generator generates a plurality of first optical signals. The sensor converts a portion of the first optical signals into a plurality of second optical signals when receiving the sensible signals. Then, a photo detector receives the energy of the coupled optical signals of one of the second optical signals and the other of the first optical signals, and converts the energy of the coupled optical signals into a voltage signal. The processing system determines, according to the sensible signals received by the sensor, whether the abnormal use state of the medical drill member is detected, and the processing system determines whether the medical drill is detected according to the voltage signals. The abnormal use status of the piece.
本發明提供一種偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的系統,其包含一感測器與一處理系統。感測器適於以不直接配置於醫療用鑽件的方式而配置,使得感測器的感測範圍涵蓋一待醫療對象之至少一部分。處理系統耦接感測器。感測器適於接收醫療用鑽件鑽入待醫療對象時所產生的多個可感測訊號,且處理系統適於依據感測器所接收的這些可感測訊號,判斷是否偵測到醫療用鑽件的異常使用狀態。The present invention provides a system for detecting an abnormal use state of a medical drill member, comprising a sensor and a processing system. The sensor is adapted to be configured in a manner that is not directly configurable to the medical drill, such that the sensing range of the sensor encompasses at least a portion of a medical object to be treated. The processing system is coupled to the sensor. The sensor is adapted to receive a plurality of sensible signals generated when the medical drill member is drilled into the medical object to be treated, and the processing system is adapted to determine whether the medical device is detected according to the sensible signals received by the sensor. The abnormal use state of the drill.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述感測器為一聲波感測器、一光纖感測器、一壓電感測器或一應變感測器。In an embodiment of the invention, the sensor is an acoustic wave sensor, a fiber optic sensor, a piezoelectric sensor or a strain sensor.
在本發明之一實施例中,上述偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的系統更包含一光訊號產生器與一光檢測器。光訊號產生器適於產生多個第一光訊號。感測器在接收這些可感測訊號時,將這些第一光訊號之一部分轉換為多個第二光訊號。光檢測器適於接收這些第二光訊號之一部分分別與這些第一光訊號之另一部分相耦合的耦合光訊號的能量,並將這些耦合光訊號的能量轉換為電壓訊號。處理系統依據這些電壓訊號,判斷是否偵測到醫療用鑽件的異常使用狀態。In an embodiment of the invention, the system for detecting an abnormal use state of the medical drill member further includes an optical signal generator and a photo detector. The optical signal generator is adapted to generate a plurality of first optical signals. The sensor converts one of the first optical signals into a plurality of second optical signals when receiving the sensible signals. The photodetector is adapted to receive energy of the coupled optical signals of one of the second optical signals respectively coupled to the other of the first optical signals, and convert the energy of the coupled optical signals into a voltage signal. The processing system determines whether the abnormal use state of the medical drill is detected based on the voltage signals.
本發明之偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法與系統具有以下或其他優點。由於在偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法與系統中,感測器偵測使用中之醫療用鑽件的可感測訊號,所以處理系統可依據可感測訊號即時判斷是否偵測到醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態,以避免醫療用鑽件的進一步損害。The method and system of the present invention for detecting an abnormal use state of a medical drill member has the following or other advantages. Because the sensor detects the sensible signal of the medical drill in use in the method and system for detecting the abnormal use state of the medical drill, the processing system can immediately determine whether to detect based on the sensible signal. Unusual use of medical drills to avoid further damage to medical drills.
為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂,下文特舉實施例,並配合所附圖式,作詳細說明如下。The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.
圖1繪示本發明一實施例之一種偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法的流程圖。圖2繪示醫療用鑽件、該待醫療對象與感測器之配置關係的示意圖。請參考圖1與圖2,本實施例之偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法包括以下步驟。首先,執行步驟P11,將一感測器110以不直接配置於醫療用鑽件130的方式而配置,使得感測器110的感測範圍涵蓋一待醫療對象 T1之至少一部分。在本實施例中,醫療用鑽件130例如為用於牙根管(root canal)之治療的根管銼針,待醫療對象T1例如為一牙齒。1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting an abnormal use state of a medical drill member according to an embodiment of the invention. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration relationship between a medical drill, the object to be treated, and a sensor. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the method for detecting an abnormal use state of the medical drill member of the embodiment includes the following steps. First, step P11 is performed to configure a sensor 110 in a manner not directly disposed on the medical drill 130, so that the sensing range of the sensor 110 covers a medical object to be treated. At least part of T1. In the present embodiment, the medical drill member 130 is, for example, a root canal for the treatment of a root canal, and the medical object T1 is, for example, a tooth.
本實施例中,感測器110可為一光纖感測器,其可配置於待醫療對象T1上或轉動醫療用鑽件130的驅動裝置(driving device)132上。例如為光纖感測器的感測器110可感測應力波訊號。在另一實施例中,感測器110為一聲波感測器,其鄰近待醫療對象T1但未直接配置於待醫療對象T1上。感測器110的配置是以感測器110的感測範圍至少涵蓋待醫療對象T1的一部分的方式而配置。此外,在另一實施例中,感測器110可為一壓電感測器或一應變感測器。In this embodiment, the sensor 110 can be a fiber optic sensor that can be disposed on the driving device T1 or the driving device 132 of the medical drill 130. A sensor 110, such as a fiber optic sensor, can sense stress wave signals. In another embodiment, the sensor 110 is an acoustic wave sensor that is adjacent to the medical object T1 but not directly disposed on the object T1 to be treated. The configuration of the sensor 110 is configured in such a manner that the sensing range of the sensor 110 covers at least a portion of the medical object T1 to be treated. In addition, in another embodiment, the sensor 110 can be a piezoelectric detector or a strain sensor.
接著,執行步驟P12,感測器110接收醫療用鑽件130鑽入待醫療對象T1時所產生的多個可感測訊號。在本實施例中,例如為根管銼針的醫療用鑽件130鑽入例如為牙齒的待醫療對象T1的一牙根管T12中,且感測器110接收這些振動波訊號。這些振動波訊號包含醫療用鑽件130轉動地施力於待醫療對象T1(例如轉動的醫療用鑽件130以切削、摩擦等方式接觸待醫療對象T1)時所產生的振動波訊號。振動波可表現為振動應力波而透過固體介質傳送,振動波也可表現為振動聲波而透過空氣介質傳送。Next, in step P12, the sensor 110 receives a plurality of sensible signals generated when the medical drill 130 is drilled into the object T1 to be treated. In the present embodiment, the medical drill member 130, such as a root canal needle, is drilled into a root canal T12, such as a tooth to be treated T1, and the sensor 110 receives these vibration wave signals. The vibration wave signals include vibration wave signals generated when the medical drill member 130 is rotationally biased to the medical object T1 to be treated (for example, the rotating medical drill member 130 contacts the medical object T1 by cutting, rubbing, etc.). The vibration wave can be expressed as a vibration stress wave and transmitted through the solid medium, and the vibration wave can also be expressed as a vibration sound wave and transmitted through the air medium.
然後,執行步驟P13,一處理系統120依據感測器110所接收的這些可感測訊號,判斷是否偵測到醫療用鑽件130的異常使用狀態。Then, in step P13, a processing system 120 determines whether the abnormal use state of the medical drill member 130 is detected according to the sensible signals received by the sensor 110.
然後,可選擇性地執行步驟P14,若處理系統120判斷偵測到醫療用鑽件130的異常使用狀態時,則醫療用鑽件130停止運作或處理系統120發出警告訊息。Then, step P14 can be selectively performed. If the processing system 120 determines that the abnormal use state of the medical drill member 130 is detected, the medical drill member 130 stops operating or the processing system 120 issues a warning message.
上述偵測偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法將以實驗室中模擬實驗(simulation experiment)的方式補充說明。在以下模擬實驗中,醫療用鑽件130是被選定為根管銼針。The above method of detecting the abnormal use state of the medical drill member will be supplemented by a simulation experiment in the laboratory. In the following simulation experiment, the medical drill 130 was selected as a root canal.
圖3繪示偵測根管銼針之異常使用狀態的模擬實驗的系統的配置示意圖。請參考圖3,偵測根管銼針之異常使用狀態的系統200包含一感測器210、一處理系統220、一光訊號產生器250、一光耦合器(optical coupler)270與一光檢測器260。光訊號產生器250包含一光濾波器(optical filter)255、一雷射光源252、一摻鉺光纖(Erbium-Doped Fiber,EDF)251、一光隔離器(isolator)253、一光耦合器254與一循環器(circulator)256。感測器210例如為一光纖感測器,例如為一光纖光柵感測器(fiber bragg grating sensor,FBG sensor)。光濾波器255例如為一光纖光柵濾波器(fiber bragg grating filter,FBG filter)。感測器210、光濾波器255、雷射光源252、摻鉺光纖251、光隔離器253、光耦合器254、循環器256、光檢測器260、與光耦合器270藉由光纖290而光學性耦接,以構成光路配置結構(optical arrangement structure)PA1。光檢測器260與處理系統220電性耦接。在此必須說明的是,光纖光柵感測器與光纖光柵濾波器可為兩個相同的結構,只是其使用目的有所不同,詳如後述。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a system for simulating a simulated experiment in which the abnormality of the root canal is used. Referring to FIG. 3, the system 200 for detecting the abnormal use state of the root canal includes a sensor 210, a processing system 220, an optical signal generator 250, an optical coupler 270, and a light detection. 260. The optical signal generator 250 includes an optical filter 255, a laser light source 252, an Erbium-Doped Fiber (EDF) 251, an isolator 253, and an optical coupler 254. With a circulator 256. The sensor 210 is, for example, a fiber optic sensor, such as a fiber bragg grating sensor (FBG sensor). The optical filter 255 is, for example, a fiber bragg grating filter (FBG filter). The sensor 210, the optical filter 255, the laser source 252, the erbium doped fiber 251, the optical isolator 253, the optical coupler 254, the circulator 256, the photodetector 260, and the optical coupler 270 are optically optically 290 Sexually coupled to form an optical arrangement structure PA1. The photodetector 260 is electrically coupled to the processing system 220. It must be noted here that the fiber grating sensor and the fiber grating filter can have two identical structures, but the purpose of use is different, as will be described later.
將感測器210配置兩夾具(jig)J1之一上。旋轉的根管銼針230被兩夾具J1所夾持以形成彎曲狀,以模擬牙醫師在根管治療實際應用上將根管銼針230鑽入牙齒之牙根管時,根管銼針230所顯示的彎曲狀態。根管銼針230藉由驅動裝置232以400 rpm的轉速旋轉,以模擬牙醫師在根管治療實際應用上驅動把手(未繪示)旋轉根管銼針230的轉速。The sensor 210 is disposed on one of the two jigs J1. The rotating root canal needle 230 is clamped by the two clamps J1 to form a curved shape to simulate the dentist's root canal 230 when the root canal needle 230 is drilled into the root canal of the tooth in the root canal treatment practical application. The displayed bending state. The root canal needle 230 is rotated by the drive unit 232 at 400 rpm to simulate the rotational speed of the root canal 230 rotated by the driver (not shown) by the dentist in the actual application of the root canal treatment.
例如為光纖光柵濾波器的光濾波器255用來將傳輸至光濾波器255的光訊號濾波以形成頻寬較窄的光訊號。換言之,傳輸至光濾波器255的光訊號經過例如為光纖光柵濾波器的光濾波器255的作用後,光濾波器255會反射出頻寬較窄的光訊號。此外,光訊號產生器250之所有元件整體運作一段時間後,光訊號產生器250產生頻寬較窄且強度(Intensity)較大的多個窄頻光訊號S12至光耦合器270。這些窄頻光訊號S12的一部分傳輸至例如為光纖光柵感測器的感測器210。An optical filter 255, such as a fiber grating filter, is used to filter the optical signals transmitted to the optical filter 255 to form optical signals having a narrow bandwidth. In other words, after the optical signal transmitted to the optical filter 255 passes through the optical filter 255 such as a fiber grating filter, the optical filter 255 reflects the optical signal having a narrow bandwidth. In addition, after all the components of the optical signal generator 250 are operated for a period of time, the optical signal generator 250 generates a plurality of narrow-band optical signals S12 to optical couplers 270 having a narrow bandwidth and a large intensity. A portion of these narrowband optical signals S12 are transmitted to a sensor 210, such as a fiber grating sensor.
當感測器210接收根管銼針230轉動的施力於這些夾具J1之一(例如轉動的根管銼針230以切削、摩擦等方式接觸這些夾具J1之一)時所產生的振動應力波訊號時,例如為光纖光柵感測器的感測器210的光柵會受到振動應力波的作用。此時,傳輸至感測器210的窄頻光訊號S12受到感測器210作用後,感測器210所反射的這些窄頻光訊號S13相對於彼此會產生頻率飄移。換言之,感測器210在接收這些可感測的振動波訊號時,將傳輸至感測器210的這些窄頻光訊號S12轉換為相對於彼此會產生頻率飄移現象的窄頻光訊號S13。The vibration stress wave generated when the sensor 210 receives the rotation of the root canal 230 by one of the clamps J1 (for example, the rotating root canal 230 contacts one of the clamps J1 by cutting, friction, etc.) At the time of the signal, the grating of the sensor 210, such as a fiber grating sensor, is subjected to vibration stress waves. At this time, after the narrow-band optical signal S12 transmitted to the sensor 210 is applied by the sensor 210, the narrow-band optical signals S13 reflected by the sensor 210 generate frequency drift relative to each other. In other words, when receiving the sensible vibration wave signals, the sensor 210 converts the narrow-band optical signals S12 transmitted to the sensor 210 into narrow-band optical signals S13 that generate a frequency drift phenomenon with respect to each other.
這些窄頻光訊號S13之至少一部分分別與這些窄頻光訊號S12之另一部分相耦合為耦合光訊號S14。光檢測器260接收耦合光訊號S14的能量,並將這些耦合光訊號S14的能量轉換為電壓訊號。換言之,若某個窄頻光訊號S13與某個窄頻光訊號S12在光譜上有所重疊,則光檢測器260會擷取此兩者重疊部分的能量並轉換為電壓訊號。At least a portion of the narrowband optical signals S13 are coupled to the other portion of the narrowband optical signals S12 as coupling optical signals S14. The photodetector 260 receives the energy of the coupled optical signal S14 and converts the energy of the coupled optical signal S14 into a voltage signal. In other words, if a certain narrow-band optical signal S13 is spectrally overlapped with a certain narrow-band optical signal S12, the photodetector 260 extracts the energy of the overlapping portions and converts it into a voltage signal.
上述電壓訊號經過處理系統220之去除雜訊、進一步地濾波與數學轉換(例如傅立葉轉換或希爾伯特轉換)的處理之後,產生在一特定頻率範圍下電壓振幅相對於時間的變化關係,如圖4所示。在此必須說明的是,在此模擬實驗中,所選之特定頻率範圍為20至40 Hz,所作的數學轉換為傅立葉轉換。由於根管銼針230之轉速為400 rpm,且實驗之根管銼針230以橫截面觀之具有三個刀峰,所以根管銼針230切削感測器210所位在的夾具J1的頻率為1200 rpm,亦即20 Hz。基於上述,在頻率20 Hz或其適當倍數附近的電壓振幅相對於時間的變化應該較為顯著。因此,所選之特定頻率範圍20至40 Hz是依據根管銼針230之刀峰數目以及轉速而決定,但是此選定的頻率範圍不一定是唯一可用的頻率範圍。After the voltage signal is processed by the processing system 220 to remove noise, further filtering, and mathematical conversion (such as Fourier transform or Hilbert transform), the voltage amplitude is related to time in a specific frequency range, such as Figure 4 shows. It must be noted here that in this simulation experiment, the specific frequency range selected is 20 to 40 Hz, and the mathematical conversion is a Fourier transform. Since the rotational speed of the root canal needle 230 is 400 rpm, and the root canal 230 of the experiment has three peaks in cross section, the root canal 230 cuts the frequency of the clamp J1 where the sensor 210 is located. It is 1200 rpm, which is 20 Hz. Based on the above, the change in voltage amplitude with respect to time at a frequency of 20 Hz or an appropriate multiple thereof should be significant. Therefore, the selected specific frequency range of 20 to 40 Hz is determined based on the number of peaks of the root canal 230 and the rotational speed, but the selected frequency range is not necessarily the only available frequency range.
請參考圖4,當此變化關係圖中出現波峰A1,處理系統220即可判斷此根管銼針230處於異常使用狀態。波峰A1的選取是依據波峰A1之振幅相較於之前一個波峰之振幅高出一差值,或者波峰A1之振幅相較於之前的數個波峰振幅的平均值高出另一差值的判準,而選定的。在另一實施例中,波峰A1的選定也可依據其他判準,本發明於此不作限定。在此必須強調的是, 就此模擬實驗而言,根管銼針230之異常使用狀態可被解讀為根管銼針230有一裂縫。由圖4可得知,此根管銼針230在此異常使用狀態的時間點B1繼續使用約20幾秒之後,根管銼針230在時間點B2斷裂。因此,依據此模擬實驗,可進一步設計為,若處理系統220判斷偵測到根管銼針230的異常使用狀態時,則根管銼針230停止運作或者處理系統220發出一警告訊息。例如,處理系統220可控制驅動裝置232停止根管銼針230的轉動或發出警告聲響。依據實驗結果,此異常使用狀態的時間點B1與根管銼針230斷裂的時間點B2之間的時間間隔足以讓根管銼針230達到停止轉動的狀態或讓接收警告訊息的使用者有所反應。上述模擬實驗的方法的流程圖可見圖5的步驟P21至P26。Referring to FIG. 4, when the peak A1 appears in the change diagram, the processing system 220 can determine that the root canal 230 is in an abnormal use state. The peak A1 is selected based on the difference between the amplitude of the peak A1 and the amplitude of the previous peak, or the amplitude of the peak A1 is higher than the average of the previous peak amplitudes by another difference. And selected. In another embodiment, the selection of the peak A1 may also be based on other criteria, which is not limited herein. It must be emphasized here that For this simulation experiment, the abnormal use state of the root canal needle 230 can be interpreted as a crack in the root canal needle 230. As can be seen from Fig. 4, after the root canal needle 230 continues to be used for about 20 seconds at the time point B1 of the abnormal use state, the root canal needle 230 is broken at the time point B2. Therefore, according to the simulation experiment, it can be further designed that if the processing system 220 determines that the abnormal use state of the root canal needle 230 is detected, the root canal needle 230 stops operating or the processing system 220 issues a warning message. For example, the processing system 220 can control the drive device 232 to stop rotation of the root canal needle 230 or to issue a warning sound. According to the experimental result, the time interval between the time point B1 of the abnormal use state and the time point B2 at which the root canal needle 230 is broken is sufficient for the root canal needle 230 to stop rotating or the user receiving the warning message has a certain reaction. A flowchart of the method of the above simulation experiment can be seen in steps P21 to P26 of FIG.
在此必須說明的是,在此模擬實驗中根管銼針230轉動地施力於這些夾具J1時所產生的可感測的振動波訊號藉由光路配置結構PA1的運作而轉換為電壓訊號,使得處理系統220得以依據這些電壓訊號,判斷是否偵測到根管銼針230的異常使用狀態。換言之,在此模擬實驗中,處理系統220間接地依據根管銼針230轉動時施力於這些夾具J1所產生的可感測的振動波訊號,判斷是否偵測到根管銼針230的異常使用狀態。It should be noted that, in this simulation experiment, the sensible vibration wave signal generated when the root canal needle 230 is rotationally applied to the clamp J1 is converted into a voltage signal by the operation of the optical path configuration structure PA1. The processing system 220 is enabled to determine whether the abnormal use state of the root canal needle 230 is detected based on the voltage signals. In other words, in this simulation experiment, the processing system 220 indirectly determines whether the abnormality of the root canal needle 230 is detected according to the sensible vibration wave signal generated by the clamp J1 when the root canal needle 230 rotates. status of use.
系統200的優點在於,由於光訊號產生器250所產生的窄頻光訊號S12的能量強度較大,所以例如為光纖光柵感測器的感測器210在感測到些微波動時,光檢測器260可接收較大的能量改變,進而提升偵測的靈敏度。The advantage of the system 200 is that since the energy intensity of the narrow-band optical signal S12 generated by the optical signal generator 250 is large, the sensor 210, such as a fiber grating sensor, senses some microwave motion, and the light detector The 260 can receive large energy changes, which in turn increases the sensitivity of the detection.
圖6繪示偵測根管銼針之異常使用狀態的另一模擬實驗的系統的配置示意圖。請參考圖6,偵測根管銼針之異常使用狀態的系統300包含一感測器310與一處理系統320。感測器310例如為一聲波感測器,其例如為一麥克風。例如為聲波感測器的感測器310鄰近這些夾具J2但未直接配置於這些夾具J2上。當根管銼針330轉動地施力於這些夾具J2時,例如為聲波感測器的感測器310接收可感測的振動聲波訊號並將這些可感測的訊號轉換為電壓訊號6 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a system for detecting another abnormal experiment of the abnormal use state of the root canal. Referring to FIG. 6, the system 300 for detecting an abnormal use state of the root canal includes a sensor 310 and a processing system 320. The sensor 310 is, for example, an acoustic wave sensor, such as a microphone. A sensor 310, such as a sonic sensor, is adjacent to these jigs J2 but is not directly disposed on these jigs J2. When the root canal needle 330 is rotatably biased to the clamp J2, the sensor 310, for example, the acoustic wave sensor receives the sensible vibration sound wave signal and converts the sensible signals into voltage signals.
上述電壓訊號經過處理系統320之去除雜訊、進一步地濾波與數學轉換(例如傅立葉轉換或希爾伯特轉換)的處理之後,產生在一特定頻率範圍下電壓振幅相對於時間的變化關係,如圖7所示。在此必須說明的是,在此模擬實驗中,所選之特定頻率範圍為40至60 Hz,所作的數學轉換為傅立葉轉換。由於根管銼針330之轉速為400 rpm,且實驗之根管銼針330以橫截面觀之具有三個刀峰,所以根管銼針330切削這些夾具J2之一的頻率為1200 rpm,亦即20 Hz。然而,例如為聲波感測器的感測器310可接收從這些夾具J2傳來的振動聲波訊號,所以在頻率40 Hz附近下的電壓振幅相對於時間的變化應該較為顯著。因此,所選之特定頻率範圍為40至60 Hz,此特定頻率也是依據根管銼針230之刀峰數目以及轉速而決定,但是此選定的頻率範圍不一定是唯一可用的頻率範圍。由圖7可知,此根管銼針330在異常使用狀態的時間點B3繼續使用約10幾秒之後,根管銼針330在時間點B4斷裂。After the voltage signal is processed by the processing system 320 to remove noise, further filtering, and mathematical conversion (such as Fourier transform or Hilbert transform), the voltage amplitude is related to time in a specific frequency range, such as Figure 7 shows. It must be noted here that in this simulation experiment, the specific frequency range selected is 40 to 60 Hz, and the mathematical conversion is a Fourier transform. Since the root canal needle 330 rotates at 400 rpm, and the experimental root canal needle 330 has three peaks in cross section, the root canal needle 330 cuts one of the clamps J2 at a frequency of 1200 rpm. That is 20 Hz. However, the sensor 310, which is, for example, an acoustic wave sensor, can receive the vibration sound wave signals transmitted from these jigs J2, so the voltage amplitude at a frequency around 40 Hz should be more significant with respect to time. Therefore, the specific frequency range selected is 40 to 60 Hz, which is also determined by the number of peaks and the number of revolutions of the root canal 230, but the selected frequency range is not necessarily the only available frequency range. As can be seen from Fig. 7, after the root canal needle 330 continues to be used for about 10 seconds at the time point B3 of the abnormal use state, the root canal needle 330 is broken at the time point B4.
系統300的優點在於,其配置相較於系統200的配置而言 較為簡單,成本也較為便宜。An advantage of system 300 is that its configuration is in contrast to the configuration of system 200. It's simpler and the cost is cheaper.
綜上所述,本發明之偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法與系統具有以下或其他優點。由於在偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法與系統中,感測器偵測使用中之醫療用鑽件的可感測訊號,所以處理系統可依據可感測訊號即時判斷是否偵測到醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態,以避免醫療用鑽件的進一步損害。In summary, the method and system for detecting an abnormal use state of a medical drill member of the present invention have the following or other advantages. Because the sensor detects the sensible signal of the medical drill in use in the method and system for detecting the abnormal use state of the medical drill, the processing system can immediately determine whether to detect based on the sensible signal. Unusual use of medical drills to avoid further damage to medical drills.
在不脫離本發明精神或必要特性的情況下,可以其他特定形式來體現本發明。應將所述具體實施例各方面僅視為解說性而非限制性。因此,本發明的範疇如隨附申請專利範圍所示而非如前述說明所示。所有落在申請專利範圍之等效意義及範圍內的變更應視為落在申請專利範圍的範疇內。The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The aspects of the specific embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather All changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the patent application are deemed to fall within the scope of the patent application.
110、210、310‧‧‧感測器110, 210, 310‧‧‧ sensors
120、220、320‧‧‧處理系統120, 220, 320‧ ‧ processing system
130‧‧‧醫療用鑽件130‧‧‧Medical drill parts
132、232‧‧‧驅動裝置132, 232‧‧‧ drive
200、300‧‧‧系統200, 300‧‧‧ system
230、330‧‧‧根管銼針230, 330‧‧‧ root canal needle
250‧‧‧光訊號產生器250‧‧‧Optical signal generator
251‧‧‧摻鉺光纖251‧‧‧Doped fiber
252‧‧‧雷射光源252‧‧‧Laser light source
253‧‧‧光隔離器253‧‧‧Optical isolator
254、270‧‧‧光耦合器254, 270‧‧‧Optocoupler
255‧‧‧光濾波器255‧‧‧ optical filter
256‧‧‧循環器256‧‧ Circulator
260‧‧‧光檢測器260‧‧‧Photodetector
290‧‧‧光纖290‧‧‧ fiber optic
J1、J2‧‧‧夾具J1, J2‧‧‧ fixture
A1‧‧‧波峰A1‧‧‧Crest
B1、B2、B3、B4‧‧‧時間點B1, B2, B3, B4‧‧‧ time points
P11、P12、P13、P14、P21、P22、P23、P24、P25、P26‧‧‧步驟P11, P12, P13, P14, P21, P22, P23, P24, P25, P26‧‧
PA1‧‧‧光路配置結構PA1‧‧‧ optical path configuration structure
S12、S13、S14‧‧‧光訊號S12, S13, S14‧‧‧ optical signals
T1‧‧‧待醫療對象T1‧‧‧ medical objects
T12‧‧‧牙根管T12‧‧‧ root canal
圖1繪示本發明一實施例之一種偵測醫療用鑽件之異常使用狀態的方法的流程圖。1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting an abnormal use state of a medical drill member according to an embodiment of the invention.
圖2繪示醫療用鑽件、該待醫療對象與感測器之配置關係的示意圖。2 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration relationship between a medical drill, the object to be treated, and a sensor.
圖3繪示偵測根管銼針之異常使用狀態的模擬實驗的系統的配置示意圖。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a system for simulating a simulated experiment in which the abnormality of the root canal is used.
圖4繪示在特定頻率範圍下電壓振幅相對於時間的變化關係。Figure 4 illustrates the relationship of voltage amplitude versus time over a particular frequency range.
圖5繪示模擬實驗的方法的流程圖。Figure 5 is a flow chart showing the method of the simulation experiment.
圖6繪示偵測根管銼針之異常使用狀態的另一模擬實驗的 系統的配置示意圖。Figure 6 shows another simulation experiment for detecting the abnormal use state of the root canal needle Schematic diagram of the system configuration.
圖7繪示在特定頻率範圍下電壓振幅相對於時間的變化關係。Figure 7 illustrates the relationship of voltage amplitude versus time over a particular frequency range.
P11、P12、P13、P14‧‧‧步驟P11, P12, P13, P14‧‧ steps
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