TWI495773B - Refractory construction and building - Google Patents

Description

Refractory structure and building

The present invention relates to a refractory structure and a building, and specifically, a specific fire resistance performance is ensured by suppressing a temperature rise and a decrease in endurance in a fire in an object such as a main structure (building body) such as a column, a beam, or a floor. The refractory structure of the purpose is related to the building having the refractory structure.

Conventionally, for the refractory structure of a building body, the refractory coating material is blown to the surface of the building body and covered with a specific thickness, and is a general structure. However, in such a refractory structure, in order to prevent the coating material from scattering when the building or the like is disassembled, it is necessary to perform the disintegration operation while ensuring the airtightness of the entire disassembled area. Therefore, the disintegration operation requires a complicated processing step.

In view of the above problems, Patent Document 1 discloses that a refractory structure formed into a plate-shaped refractory material is used without using a material for blowing construction. The refractory structure is a pair of left and right inorganic sheets disposed over the lower flange of the H-shaped steel for the beam composed of the H-shaped steel, and is disposed along the lower flange of the H-shaped steel. A heat-expandable sheet. In the refractory structure, the refractory coating material surrounds the three sides of the H-shaped steel other than the floor sheet to ensure the fire resistance of the beam.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses a ceiling structure in which two gypsum boards are disposed in parallel and in parallel. This ceiling structure is to fix the gypsum board below the heat-expandable refractory sheet. The heat-expandable refractory sheet is made of a thermoplastic resin such as polypropylene. Moreover, if it is heated by fire or the like, heat The intumescent refractory sheet is expanded to cover the structure with heat insulation, thereby ensuring fire resistance.

[Patent Document 1] JP-A-2001-98661 [Patent Document 2] JP-A-2007-9676

However, in the refractory structure of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to process the refractory material such as an inorganic sheet for each beam, and it is necessary to attach it to each of the beams. Therefore, the refractory structure, the processing steps and the construction steps are complicated, resulting in a long construction period and an increase in construction cost.

On the other hand, in the ceiling structure of Patent Document 2, basically, the two gypsum boards which are provided at intervals are sealed. However, according to the results of the study by the inventors of the present invention, it has been found that when the two gypsum boards of Patent Document 2 have a closed structure, heat is easily accumulated in the sealed space between the gypsum boards, and when heated for a long time, high temperature is formed. The gypsum board is peeled off.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a refractory structure and a building having high fire resistance which can shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost.

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, there is provided a refractory structure provided between a refractory object and a place where a fire may occur, the refractory structure comprising: arranging the refractory object from the refractory object a partitioning surface material separated from the space on the side of the occurrence point; a gypsum member containing gypsum separated from the side surface of the refractory object; and a gap provided between the partition surface material and the gypsum member, a space on the side of the refractory object, and the aforementioned partitioning surface material and the stone The gap between the paste members is connected.

In the refractory structure, the ratio of the gypsum member to the total projected area of the partition surface material may be more than 0 and less than 0.7 as viewed from the space on the side of the refractory object. Further, the aforementioned gypsum member may be, for example, a gypsum board. Further, the partition surface material may be provided with an opening that allows the space on the side of the occurrence point to communicate with the space on the side of the refractory object. In this case, a non-insulation member having a heat insulating property lower than that of the partition surface member may be provided in the opening portion, and the gypsum member may be provided in the vicinity of the non-insulation member.

Further, according to the present invention, a building having the refractory structure is provided. In the building, the refractory object is, for example, a floor panel and a beam, and the partition surface material is, for example, a ceiling material located below the floor panel.

According to the present invention, by providing the gypsum member in a space closer to the object of the refractory object than the partition surface material, the temperature rise of the object to be refractory is suppressed by the water cooling effect of the water vapor released from the gypsum member. Further, heat is efficiently radiated from the partition surface to the space on the side of the refractory object by the communicating portion. As a result, the excessive temperature rise of the partition surface material is suppressed, the partition surface material is not broken, and the space between the space on the side where the fire occurs and the space on the side of the fire-resistant object are kept. As a result, the temperature increase rate of the object to be refractory is suppressed, and the time until the endurance is lowered is delayed, and the fire resistance is improved.

Further, the gypsum member can be freely disposed, and the gypsum member can be processed without corresponding to the shape of the refractory object, and the processing steps and construction steps can be greatly reduced, and the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced.

Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. In the present specification and the drawings, the components that have substantially the same functions and configurations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

As shown in Fig. 1, a building according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a floor panel 1; a steel skeleton 2 provided on a lower surface side of the floor panel 1 for supporting the floor panel 1; and a floor panel 1 The rockwool sound absorbing panel 3 of the downstairs ceiling material in the lower position. On the lower side of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3, a living room space S1 downstairs is formed. Further, a ceiling back space S2 is formed on the upper side of the gypsum board 4 disposed on the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3.

In the refractory structure of the embodiment, when the floor sheet 1 and the steel sill 2 are heated by the heat of the living room space S1, the floor sheets 1 and the steel ribs 2 are maintained at a specific time. Those who are insulated below the temperature. The refractory structure includes: a rock wool sound absorbing panel 3; a gypsum board 4 disposed in parallel with the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 on the upper side back space S2; and a rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 and the gypsum board 4 disposed between the refractory structures Clearance 5. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the floor panel 1 and the steel beam 2 are the fire-resistant objects of the present invention. The living room space S1 is the space on the side where the fire may occur, and the space on the back of the ceiling is S2. The space on the object side. Further, the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is used to isolate the floor panel 1 and the steel face beam 2 from the living room space S1, and the gypsum board 4 corresponds to a plaster member containing gypsum.

As shown in Fig. 2, at the floor panel 1, at the appropriate intervals, a hanging bolt 6 extending downward is provided, and at the lower end of the hanging bolt 6, a horizontal joist is installed via the anchor pier 7 ( Rod) 8. The rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is installed on the lower side of the joist 8, and the gypsum board 4 is placed on the top of the joist 8. Therefore, a gap 5 corresponding to the height of the joist 8 is formed between the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 and the gypsum board 4.

The rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is a ceiling material, and is disposed so as to cover the entire upper portion of the living room space S1. On the other hand, the gypsum board 4 is divided into a plurality of pieces and arranged to cover a part above the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3. Further, a communication portion 9 is formed in the opening between the adjacently disposed gypsum boards 4. When viewed from the ceiling back space S2, the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is exposed at the communication portion 9. Further, the gap 5 between the ceiling back space S2 and the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 and the gypsum board 4 allows the air to move freely in the communication portion 9.

Here, Fig. 3 is an explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 and the gypsum board 4 when viewed from the ceiling back space S2. The total area of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 (equal to the ceiling area) is S3, and the total projected area of the gypsum board 4 relative to the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is S4, and the area ratio of the gypsum board 4 relative to the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 ( The ratio of the gypsum board 4 to the total projected area S4 of the total area S3 of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is expressed by S4/S3. In the present invention, the area ratio S4/S3 is more than 0 and less than 0.7 is in the range of good. Preferably, the area ratio S4/S3 is preferably 0.1 or more and 0.5 or less.

In the present invention, the water vapor released from the gypsum member (the gypsum board 4 in the present embodiment) disposed on the refractory object side (the ceiling back space S2 in the present embodiment) is used to improve the fire resistance. Therefore, in the present invention, the presence of the gypsum board 4 is indispensable, and the area ratio S4/S3 must exceed zero.

On the other hand, the larger the area ratio S4/S3 is, the smaller the aperture ratio of the communicating portion 9 is. When the ratio of the diameter of the communicating portion 9 is smaller, heat transfer between the ceiling back space S2 and the gap 5 becomes difficult, and heat radiation from the gap 5 toward the ceiling back space S2 is reduced. As a result, when the living room space S1 is in a fire, the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 as the ceiling material becomes high temperature, and there is a risk that the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 falls. In order to effectively prevent heat from being radiated from the gap 5 toward the ceiling back space S2 to prevent the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 from falling, the area ratio S4/S3 is preferably less than 0.7. Further, as shown in the embodiment described later, the area ratio S4/S3 is more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.5.

In the building, when a fire occurs in the living room space S1 side, the heat of the fire heats the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3, and the heat heats the gypsum board 4. Thereby, the crystal water contained in the gypsum board 4 becomes water vapor, and this water vapor is released to the gap 5 and the ceiling back space S2. The water vapor released to the gap 5 is heated by the heat of vaporization to capture the heat of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3. As a result, the temperature rise of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is suppressed. Similarly, the water vapor released to the back space S2 of the ceiling is fire-retarded with its vaporization heat. The heat of the floor sheet 1 and the steel beam 2 of the object is suppressed, and as a result, the temperature rise of the floor sheet 1 and the steel beam 2 is suppressed.

Further, although the heat of the fire heats the environment of the gap 5 via the rock wool sound absorbing panel, the heat is easily moved from the gap 5 through the communicating portion 9 to the ceiling back space S2, and effectively from the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 to the ceiling back space. S2 performs heat radiation. As a result, the excessive temperature rise of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is suppressed, and the shrinkage, cracking, peeling, and falling of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 are prevented. Thereby, the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is not broken, and the living room space S1 and the ceiling back space S2 are kept in an isolated state. Further, the temperature increase rate of the building body such as the floor panel 1 and the steel beam 2 is also suppressed, and the time during which the building body is deteriorated due to heat is delayed, and the fire resistance is improved by extending the fire resistance time.

Further, since the gypsum board 4 is placed on the upper side of the joist 8, even if it is deteriorated by heating, the gypsum board 4 can be prevented from coming off. In the traditional ceiling, the ceiling surface material is placed on the lower side of the joist beam (two layers of gypsum board or a rock wool sound absorbing board with a gypsum board as a base material), and the ceiling surface material is fixed to the support from the bottom by self-tapping screws or the like. The general structure of the beam system. In such a conventional ceiling structure, when the gypsum board is deteriorated by heating, the fixing portion such as a screw becomes weak and releases the fixing with the joist, and the ceiling surface material may fall together with the gypsum board. As described above, if the ceiling surface material is dropped, the building such as the floor and the beam is directly exposed to the flame, and the temperature of the building body rises earlier and more intensely than the predetermined fire resistance time, and the fire resistance may not be ensured. In addition to the cooling effect of the gypsum board 4 described above, the ceiling structure of the present embodiment can prevent the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 and the gypsum board 4 from falling off. Moreover, the fire-resistant property is further improved for the refractory object building body.

Next, in the refractory structure of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is provided with an opening 10, and the opening 10 is provided with a metal non-insulation member 11 such as a lampshade of a lighting fixture. In the refractory structure, on the side of the ceiling back space S2, the gypsum board 12 is placed in contact with the non-insulation member 11 and surrounds the non-insulation member 11. The refractory structure of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 passes through the non-insulation member 11 provided in the opening 10, and the fire heat in the living space S1 is easily transmitted to the ceiling back space S2. However, water vapor is also released from the gypsum board 12 surrounding the non-insulation member 11, and by the heat of vaporization, the temperature rise of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3, the floor sheets 1 and the steel beam 2 is suppressed. Further, the gypsum board 12 may be disposed above the non-insulation member 11 in isolation. The gypsum board 12 can release water vapor by providing the gypsum board 12 in the vicinity of the non-insulation member 11. Therefore, even when the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is provided with an opening for illuminating the lighting fixture and the air conditioner, the fire resistance can be ensured in the same manner.

Next, in the refractory structure of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is provided with an opening portion 12'. Further, the opening portion 12' may be formed in the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 in a normal state, and in the event of a fire, the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 may be contracted to open the joint. According to the refractory structure of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, in the event of a fire, the water vapor released from the heated gypsum board 4 can be blown out from the opening portion 12' toward the living room space S1 side. Thereby, heat can be prevented from flowing into the ceiling back space S2 from the living room space S1, and the temperature rise of the ceiling back space S2 can be effectively suppressed. And, by releasing water vapor from the opening portion 12' to the living room space S1 side The pressure rise inside the ceiling back space S2 is suppressed. As a result, the damage of the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 is prevented, and the isolation state of the living room space S1 and the ceiling back space S2 is maintained.

The above is an exemplification of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be appropriately modified. For example, the insulating face material is not limited to the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3, and various materials such as a gypsum board and a calcium silicate board can also be used.

Further, the gypsum member is not limited to the general gypsum board 4 as a building material, and a member containing gypsum may be appropriately selected and used. In addition, the weight ratio of the crystal water contained in the gypsum of the gypsum board 4 is about 21%. However, since the amount of water contained in the gypsum member is higher, the water-cooling effect is higher, so that the gypsum which moderately increases the amount of water containing the crystal water can be used. member. In addition, by increasing the thickness dimension and the number of sheets of the gypsum member, the amount of water vapor generated can be increased to improve the water cooling effect.

In addition, the size of the gap 5 provided between the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 and the gypsum board 4 is described by the height of the joist 8 of 19 mm. However, it is not limited thereto, and the partition surface material and the plaster can be used. Various conditions such as the material of the member, the fire resistance, the water content of the gypsum member, the presence or absence of the ceiling finishing material, the material of the joist 8, and the structure are appropriately set.

In the embodiments shown in the first to fifth embodiments, the floor panel 1 and the steel beam 2 are used as the object of refractory, and the living room space S1 is used as the space on the side where the fire may occur; The space S2 serves as a space on the side of the refractory object. However, in the present invention, a refractory object, a space where a fire may occur, and a refractory object The space on the side is not limited to this. For example, the object to be refractory may also be a building such as a column, a beam, a floor or the like of a main structure of a building, or may be other parts (for example, a wall, a wire drawing (or a brace), an exterior decoration material. And interior decoration materials, equipment, etc.). Further, the refractory structure of the present invention is not limited to a horizontal member such as a floor or a beam, and a vertical member such as a column or a wall may be used as an object, or a slanting material such as a roof or a brace may be used as an object. Things. In addition, the refractory structure of the present invention does not limit the main structure of the building as an object, and it is also possible to use a decorative material, a built-in decorative material, a facility equipment, or the like as an object.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, the refractory structure of the present invention can be utilized in each part of a building.

In the refractory structure shown in Fig. 6(A), the beam 15 of the building body is used as a refractory object. The refractory structure is provided with a covering material (gypsum board) 16 surrounding the beam 15 as a partitioning surface material, and an inner space (a space on the side of the refractory object) surrounded by the covering material 16 is provided with the covering material 16 A gypsum board 17 that is isolated as a gypsum member.

In the refractory structure shown in Fig. 6(B), the column 20 of the building body is used as a refractory object. The refractory structure is provided with a covering material (gypsum board) 21 surrounding the column 20 as a partition surface material, and an inner space (a space on the side of the refractory object) surrounded by the covering material 21 is provided with the covering material 21 A gypsum board 22 that is isolated as a gypsum member.

In the refractory structure shown in Fig. 7(A), the vertical frame 30 of the building body of the inner wall W is used as a refractory object. The refractory structure is provided on both sides of the vertical frame 30 with a covering material (gypsum board) 31 as a separating surface material, and the covering material 31 is provided. The surrounding internal space (the space on the side of the refractory object) is provided with a gypsum board 32 which is isolated from the covering material 31 and serves as a gypsum member.

The refractory structure shown in Fig. 7(B) is a refractory structure shown in Fig. 7(A). When the covering member 31 forms an opening for the opening member O such as a socket case, the back side of the opening member O is formed. The interior space is overlapped with two pieces of gypsum board 32.

In addition, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are structural examples when the refractory structure of the present invention is used in the intersection of each part of a building.

In Fig. 8(A), the refractory structure of the intersection of the ceiling C and the inner wall W along the steel beam 2 is shown. The refractory structure of the ceiling C is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, and is provided with the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3, the gypsum board 4, and the gap 5, and the refractory structure of the inner wall W is the same as the refractory structure of Fig. 7 The covering material 31, the gypsum board 32, and the internal space are comprised. Further, the covering material 31 and the gypsum board 32 of the inner wall W extend to a position below the steel beam 2, and the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 of the ceiling C abuts and is fixed to the side of the covering material 31, and the plaster of the ceiling C The plate 4 is extended to a position close to the side of the covering material 31. Therefore, the steel beam 2 is located in the ceiling back space S2 surrounded by the floor panel 1, the ceiling C, and the inner wall W, ensuring the fire resistance to the steel beam 2.

In Fig. 8(B), the refractory structure of the floor panel 1 and the ceiling C and the portion intersecting the outer wall W1 is shown. The outer wall W1 and the floor panel 1 are continuously disposed by the refractory material such as the PCa plate or the ALC plate, and the rock wool sound absorbing panel 3 and the gypsum board 4 on the ceiling C are placed on the side surface of the outer wall W1. Therefore, the steel beam 2 is located by the floor panel 1, the ceiling C, and the outside The ceiling back space S2 surrounded by the wall W1 ensures the fire resistance to the steel beam 2.

Fig. 9(A) is a view showing a refractory structure of a portion where the column 20 intersects the inner wall W, and the refractory structure of the column 20 is the same as the refractory structure of the sixth (B) drawing, and is provided with the covering material 21 and the gypsum board. 22 to form. The refractory structure of the inner wall W is the same as the refractory structure of Fig. 7, and is provided with the covering material 31 and the gypsum board 32. Further, the vertical frame 30 is fixed along the column 20, and the covering member 31 of the inner wall W is extended to abut against the side surface of the column 20, and the covering member 21 on which the column 20 is placed is abutted on the side surface of the covering member 31. Therefore, the column 20 and the vertical frame 30 are located inside the space surrounded by the covering members 21, 31, and the fire resistance of the column 20 and the vertical frame 30 is ensured.

In Fig. 9(B), the refractory structure of the continuous portion of the column 20 and the outer wall W1 is shown. The refractory structure is composed of a refractory material such as a PCa plate and an ALC plate, and the outer wall W1 is disposed along the column 20, and the covering member 21 on which the column 20 is placed is abutted on the side surface of the outer wall W1. Therefore, the column 20 is located inside the space surrounded by the covering material 21 and the outer wall W1, ensuring the fire resistance of the column 20.

Further, as shown in Fig. 10, the refractory structure of the present invention can also be utilized for the steel pipe column 40 of the building body of the refractory object. The steel pipe column 40 is provided with a covering material (gypsum board) 21 surrounding the surrounding surface and serving as a partitioning surface material. The inner space surrounded by the steel pipe column 40 and the gypsum surface material is provided. Board 22. Therefore, when the steel pipe column 40 is heated by a fire, it is cooled by the heat of vaporization of the steam generated by the gypsum board 22, and the fire resistance of the steel pipe column 40 can be improved.

Further, the best configuration, method, and the like for carrying out the present invention are as described above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In other words, the present invention has been described and described with respect to the specific embodiments. However, the shapes and materials of the above-described embodiments are not included in the scope of the technical idea and object of the present invention. The quantity, and other detailed components, the relevant industry can carry out various changes. Therefore, the description of the shapes, materials, and the like as described above is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the description of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Therefore, the present invention also includes some or all of the above shapes and materials. A description of the qualified member name.

[Examples] (First embodiment)

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. Here, in the eleventh (A) diagram, the analysis model of the first comparative example of the first embodiment is shown. In the eleventh (B)th aspect, an analysis model having the structure of the first embodiment in the above-described embodiment is shown as the first embodiment of the first embodiment.

The configuration of the analytical model of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 includes a steel floor F corresponding to the floor panel 1 and the steel beam 2 described in FIGS. 1 to 5; as a support from the steel floor F The lightweight steel LS of the joist; and the rock wool sound absorbing panel R which is screwed to the lightweight steel LS as a ceiling material. The steel floor F has a thickness of 98 mm, and is provided with a steel plate having a thickness of 3.2 mm on the upper and lower sides. The rock wool sound absorbing plate R has a thickness of 9 mm, and is supported by a steel floor F only by 1000 mm. . Further, the analytical model of the first embodiment is provided with a gypsum board B which is supported above the rock wool sound absorbing panel R via the gap A, and the gypsum board B has a thickness of 12.5 mm and is separated from the rock wool sound absorbing panel R. The 19 mm was supported, that is, the gap size of the gap A was set to 19 mm. Further, in the above analysis model, the steel floor F, the rock wool sound absorbing panel R, and the gypsum board B are infinitely continuous in the horizontal direction, and the heat is not applied to the side conveyer, and the following analysis is performed.

In the analysis models of the first comparative example 1 and the first embodiment, the heating analysis was performed on the lower surface of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R from the side of the living room space S1 by simulating the "two-hour fire resistance based on the ISO 834 standard heating curve". The upper temperature of the steel floor F was measured. This heating analysis simulates the water cooling effect of the gypsum board B as shown in the graph of Fig. 12(A). Specifically, the temperature (T) of the minute element constituting the gypsum board B rises toward 100 ° C due to the heat entering from the surroundings (the interval of 1 in the figure), and when the temperature reaches 100 ° C, the heat entering is consumed by the minute element. The evaporation of water within the gypsum board B reduces the moisture content. Further, during the evaporation of water, the temperature of the minute element is maintained at 100 ° C (the interval of 2 in the figure), and then, when the water content is completely evaporated and the water content is zero, the heat entering again raises the temperature of the minute element. (The interval of 3 in the figure).

In Fig. 12(B), the heating time-temperature curve of the analysis result is shown. In Fig. 12, the curve A1 is the result of the comparative example 1, and the curve B1 is the result of the first embodiment, and the basis of the qualified reference temperature T is initially The temperature is 20 ° C and the rise range of 140 ° C or less is specified, that is, the acceptable reference temperature T = 160 ° C is displayed. According to the figure 12(B), compared to the comparative example 1 The line A1) exceeds the acceptable reference temperature T by the heating time of 100 minutes, and the embodiment 1 (curve B1) is maintained at a temperature lower than the qualified reference temperature T even if the heating time exceeds 120 minutes, that is, the fire resistance according to the embodiment 1. In the case of the structure, it was confirmed that the temperature rise of "corresponding to the benchmark of 2 hours of fire resistance" can be suppressed.

(Second embodiment)

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 13 to 15 . Here, in the thirteenth (A) diagram, the analytical model of the comparative example 2 of the second embodiment is shown. In Fig. 13(B), the analysis model of the second embodiment of the second embodiment is shown. In the thirteenth (C) diagram, the analytical model of the third embodiment of the second embodiment is shown. Further, in the fourteenth (D) diagram, the analysis model having the structure of the fourth embodiment in the above-described embodiment is shown as the fourth embodiment of the second embodiment. In Fig. 14(E), the analytical model of the fifth embodiment of the second embodiment is shown.

The analytical models of Comparative Example 2 and Examples 2 to 5 each have the same steel floor F and rock wool sound absorbing plate R as those of the first embodiment. The analytical models of Examples 2 to 5 were provided with the same gypsum board B as in the above-described Example 1. Further, in each of the analysis models of the second embodiment, an opening member O is formed in the rock wool sound absorbing plate R to form an opening, and corresponds to the non-insulation member 11 such as a lighting fixture. The opening member O is formed by a member having a U-shaped cross section formed of a steel plate having a thickness of 1 mm, and the width dimension of the opening member O (the opening size of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R) is set to 170 mm, and the opening member is set. The height of O is set to 130 mm. Further, embodiment 2, The structure is such that the end edge of the gypsum board B protrudes from the lateral position of the opening member O, and the gypsum board B is not disposed above the opening member O. The third embodiment has a configuration in which, for the gypsum board B of the embodiment 2, another gypsum board B having the same width as the width dimension of the opening member O is overlapped at an adjacent position of the opening member O. Further, the configuration of the embodiment 4 is such that the side of the ceiling back space S2 of the opening member O contacts the opening member O and is covered with another gypsum board B. The fifth embodiment has a configuration in which the size of the gap A is increased (for example, about 200 mm), and the gypsum board B is continuously left and right with a predetermined distance from the opening member O.

In the analysis models of Comparative Example 2 and Examples 2 to 5 above, the same heating analysis as in the first embodiment described above was carried out. The heating time-temperature curve of the result of measuring the temperature above the steel floor F is as shown in Fig. 15. In Fig. 15, curve A2 is the result of Comparative Example 2, and curves B2, B3, B4, and B5 are the results of Examples 2 to 5.

According to Fig. 15, in Comparative Example 2 (curve A2), when the heating time of about 50 minutes is exceeded, the qualified reference temperature T is exceeded, compared with Comparative Example 1 of the first embodiment without the opening member O. It takes half the time, that is, it exhibits a multiple temperature rise rate. Further, it can be seen that in the case of the heating time of about 60 minutes in the second embodiment (curve B2), the heating time of about 70 minutes in the third embodiment (curve B3), and the case of the heating time of the fourth embodiment (curve B4) When the heating time of the minute level is the heating time of about 110 minutes in the embodiment 5 (curve B5), the qualified reference temperature T is exceeded. From the above, it can be confirmed that, as shown in Comparative Example 2 and Examples 2 to 5, when the opening member O is provided in the opening portion, it is difficult to satisfy the two-hour fire resistance. On the basis of the refractory structure of Examples 2 to 5, the temperature rise can be surely suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 2.

From the above embodiments, it can be confirmed that, as disclosed in the present invention, the gypsum board B is disposed on the side of the steel wool sound absorbing panel R toward the steel floor F, which can be released when the gypsum board B is heated. The water-cooling effect of the water vapor suppresses the temperature rise of the ceiling back space S2 and the steel floor F, and the "fire resistance performance derived from the extension of the refractory time" can be improved.

[Third embodiment]

A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. In the third embodiment, the influence of the arrangement of the gypsum members is reviewed. The structure No. 1 shown in Fig. 16 has only the steel floor F and the rock wool sound absorbing panel R and no gypsum board B. The structure No. 2 shown in Fig. 17 is such that a gypsum board B is horizontally disposed above the rock wool sound absorbing panel R. Further, the ratio of the total projected area of the gypsum board B (the total projected area of the gypsum board B to the rock wool sound absorbing panel R) S4 to the total area S3 of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R (area ratio S4/S3) was 0.47. The structure No. 3 shown in Fig. 18 is placed above the rock wool sound absorbing panel R, and the gypsum board B is horizontally disposed. However, the substantially whole of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R is covered by the gypsum board B, and the ratio of the total projected area S4 of the gypsum board B to the total area S3 of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R (area ratio S4/S3) is 0.93. . The structure No. 4 shown in Fig. 19 is placed above the rock wool sound absorbing panel R, and the gypsum board B is vertically disposed. The ratio of the total projected area S4 of the gypsum board B to the total area S3 of the rock wool sound absorbing panels R (area ratio S4/S3) was 0.04. The structure No. 5 shown in Fig. 20 is attached to a rock wool sound absorbing panel. Above the R, the gypsum board B is vertically arranged. In the structure No. 5, the amount of the gypsum board B was larger than the structure No. 4, and the ratio (area ratio S4/S3) of the total projected area S4 of the gypsum board B to the total area S3 of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R was 0.13. The structure No. 6 shown in Fig. 21 has only the steel floor F and the rock wool sound absorbing panel R and no gypsum board B. However, the rock wool sound absorbing panel R is formed with an opening and is provided with an opening member O corresponding to the non-insulation member 11 such as a lighting fixture. The structure No. 7 shown in Fig. 22 is provided with a gypsum board B above the opening member O. The ratio of the total projected area S4 of the gypsum board B to the total area S3 of the rock wool sound absorbing panels R (area ratio S4/S3) was 0.37. The structure No. 8 shown in Fig. 23 is substantially above the opening member O and is covered with the gypsum board B on substantially the entire upper surface of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R. The ratio of the total projected area S4 of the gypsum board B to the total area S3 of the rock wool sound absorbing panels R (area ratio S4/S3) was 0.93. The volume, surface area, area ratio S4/S3 of the gypsum board (gypsum member) of each structure No. 1-8, and the presence or absence of the opening part of the rockwool sound-absorbing board R are shown in Table 1. Further, in each of the structures No. 1 to 8, the distance from the steel floor F to the rock wool sound absorbing panel R (the space depth between the floors) was 1000 mm.

In each of the structures No. 1 to 8, from the side of the living room space to the rockwool sound absorbing panel R, the simulation is based on the ISO 834 standard heating curve for 2 hours. The fire analysis was performed to investigate the fall of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R (ceiling material), the water cooling effect, the heat insulation effect, and the fire resistance time. The results are shown in Table 2. Moreover, the size of the water cooling effect is proportional to the volume of the gypsum member. The influence of surface area caused by the overlap of gypsum components is ignored. The size of the insulation effect is proportional to the area ratio S4/S3. Neglect the effect of the increase in thickness caused by the overlap of the gypsum components.

As shown in Fig. 24, the structure No. 2 of the gypsum board B is disposed above the rock wool sound absorbing panel R as compared with the structure No. 1 of the gypsum board B, and the temperature rise of the steel floor F is small. On the other hand, the rock wool sound absorbing panel R is substantially the entire structure No. 3 covered by the gypsum board B, and the ceiling material is peeled off at 90 minutes, and then the steel floor F has a rapid temperature rise. As shown in Fig. 25, the structure No. 4 of the gypsum board B is vertically disposed above the rock wool sound absorbing panel R, and the temperature rise of the steel floor F is less than that of the structure No. 1 of the gypsum board B. Further, compared with the structure No. 4, the structure No. 5 having a large amount of the gypsum board B has a lower temperature rise of the steel floor F. However, the above-mentioned structures No. 4 and 5 have only a small heat insulating effect. As shown in Fig. 26, the structure No. 6 of the opening member O is provided in the rock wool sound absorbing panel R, and the temperature of the steel floor F rises a lot. In addition, disposed above the opening member O In the structure No. 7 of the gypsum board B, the temperature rise of the steel floor F was less than that of the structure No. 6. The upper surface of the rock wool sound absorbing panel R is substantially the structure No. 8 covered by the gypsum board B. Like the structure No. 3, the ceiling material falls off at 90 minutes, and then the rapid temperature rise of the steel floor F occurs. As can be seen from the results of Tables 1 and 2, the area ratio S4/S3 is preferably in the range of more than 0 and less than 0.7, and more preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.5.

S1‧‧‧ living room space

S2‧‧‧The back space of the ceiling

S4/S3‧‧‧ area ratio

1‧‧‧floor

2‧‧‧Steel beam

3‧‧‧Rockwool sound absorbing panels

4‧‧‧Gypsum board

5‧‧‧ gap

6‧‧‧ hanging bolts

7‧‧‧ Anchor Pier

8‧‧‧ 托梁

9‧‧‧Connecting Department

10‧‧‧ openings

11‧‧‧ Non-insulated components

12‧‧‧Gypsum board

12’‧‧‧ Opening

15‧‧ ‧ beams

16, 21, 31‧‧‧ Covering materials

17, 22, 32‧ ‧ gypsum board

20‧‧ ‧ column

21‧‧‧Covered timber

22‧‧‧Gypsum board

30‧‧‧ vertical frame

40‧‧‧iron column

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a refractory structure of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a portion of a refractory structure in which an embodiment of the present invention is cut.

Fig. 3 is an explanatory view showing the positional relationship between the rockwool sound absorbing panels and the gypsum board.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another mode of the refractory structure.

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another mode of the refractory structure.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another mode of the refractory structure.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another mode of the refractory structure.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another mode of the refractory structure.

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another mode of the refractory structure.

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing another mode of the refractory structure.

Fig. 11 is an analytical model diagram of a refractory structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a graph showing the results of analysis of the first embodiment.

Figure 13 is an analytical model of the refractory structure of the second embodiment of the present invention. Type map.

Fig. 14 is a view showing another analysis model of the second embodiment.

Fig. 15 is a graph showing the results of analysis of the second embodiment.

Fig. 16 is an explanatory view showing the structure No. 1 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 17 is an explanatory view of the structure No. 2 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 18 is an explanatory view of the structure No. 3 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 19 is an explanatory view showing a structure No. 4 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 20 is an explanatory view of the structure No. 5 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 21 is an explanatory view of the structure No. 6 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 22 is an explanatory view showing the structure No. 7 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 23 is an explanatory view of the structure No. 8 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 24 is a comparison chart of the fire resistance performance of the structures No. 1 to 3 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 25 is a comparison chart of the fire resistance performance of the structures No. 1, 4, and 5 of the third embodiment.

Fig. 26 is a comparison chart of the fire resistance of the structures No. 6 to 8 of the third embodiment.

S1‧‧‧ living room space

S2‧‧‧The back space of the ceiling

1‧‧‧floor

2‧‧‧Steel beam

3‧‧‧Rockwool sound absorbing panels

4‧‧‧Gypsum board

5‧‧‧ gap

6‧‧‧ hanging bolts

8‧‧‧ 托梁

9‧‧‧Connecting Department

Claims (7)

A refractory structure is provided in a refractory structure between a refractory object and a place where a fire may occur, and includes: a partition surface material that is isolated from the refractory object, and the refractory object is from the side of the occurrence point The gypsum member includes gypsum separated from the partition surface material toward the refractory object side, and a gap provided between the partition surface material and the gypsum member, a space on the refractory object side, and the aforementioned The insulating face material is in communication with a gap between the aforementioned gypsum members. The refractory structure according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the ratio of the total projected area of the gypsum member to the partition surface material is more than 0 and less than 0.7 as viewed from a space on the side of the refractory object. The refractory structure according to claim 1, wherein the gypsum member is a gypsum board. The refractory structure according to the first aspect of the invention, wherein the partition surface material is provided with an opening that allows a space on the side of the occurrence point and a space on the side of the refractory object to communicate with each other. The refractory structure according to claim 4, wherein the opening portion is provided with a non-insulation member having a heat insulating property lower than that of the partition surface member, and the gypsum member is provided in the vicinity of the non-insulation member. A building having the items 1 to 5 of the patent application scope Any of the refractory structures described. The building according to claim 6, wherein the refractory object is a floor panel and a beam, and the partitioning surface material is a ceiling material located below the floor below the floor.