TWI490519B - Harmonic radar radio frequency tag - Google Patents
Harmonic radar radio frequency tag Download PDFInfo
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- TWI490519B TWI490519B TW102118078A TW102118078A TWI490519B TW I490519 B TWI490519 B TW I490519B TW 102118078 A TW102118078 A TW 102118078A TW 102118078 A TW102118078 A TW 102118078A TW I490519 B TWI490519 B TW I490519B
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Description
本發明是有關於一種諧波雷達射頻標籤，特別是有關於一種適用於二次諧波雷達偵測系統之諧波雷達射頻標籤。The invention relates to a harmonic radar radio frequency tag, in particular to a harmonic radar radio frequency tag suitable for a second harmonic radar detection system.
現今無線通訊技術係相當發達，其中雷達之應用係為現今發展相當成熟之技術。雷達之應用範圍相當廣泛，例如A.Singh,V.M.Lubecke等人之論文“Respiration Monitoring and Clutter Rejection Using a CW Doppler Radar With Passive RF Tags,”IEEE Sensor Journal,vol.12,no.3,pp.558-565,Mar.2012提及雷達可應用於呼吸和心跳方面，其中A.Singh,V.M.Lubecke等人係利用二次諧波雷達標籤來進行呼吸和心跳之偵測。Today's wireless communication technology is quite developed, and the application of radar is a well-developed technology. Radar has a wide range of applications, such as A. Singh, VMLubecke et al., "Respiration Monitoring and Clutter Rejection Using a CW Doppler Radar With Passive RF Tags," IEEE Sensor Journal, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 558. -565, Mar.2012 mentions that radar can be applied to breathing and heartbeat, among which A. Singh, VMLubecke et al. use the second harmonic radar tag to detect breathing and heartbeat.
二次諧波雷達之基本技術是係發射利用二倍頻雷達訊號來偵測物體。例如，雷達基地台係發射雷達訊號至一雷達標籤。此雷達標籤之會接收此雷達訊號並相應地輸出二倍頻訊號。當雷達基地台偵測到此二倍頻訊號，即完成物體的偵測。由於二次諧波雷達偵測技術係接收二倍頻訊號來進行物體的偵測，因此相較於一般接收一倍頻訊號的雷達偵測技術，二次諧波雷達偵測技術具有相當優良的雜波抑制(clutter rejection)效果。The basic technique of the second harmonic radar is to transmit and use a double frequency radar signal to detect an object. For example, a radar base station transmits a radar signal to a radar tag. The radar tag will receive the radar signal and output a double frequency signal accordingly. When the radar base station detects the double frequency signal, the object detection is completed. Since the second harmonic radar detection technology receives the double frequency signal for object detection, the second harmonic radar detection technology is quite excellent compared to the radar detection technology that generally receives the first frequency signal. Clutter rejection effect.
然而，現行雷達標籤的二倍頻訊號強度不足，導致偵測距離不足以及偵測效果不佳，因此需要一種新的諧波雷達射頻標籤來改善二次諧波雷達偵測系統的偵測距離和偵測效果。However, the current radar tag's double-frequency signal strength is insufficient, resulting in insufficient detection distance and poor detection performance. Therefore, a new harmonic radar radio frequency tag is needed to improve the detection range of the second harmonic radar detection system. Detect the effect.
本發明之一方面是在提供於一種諧波雷達射頻標籤，其係結合射頻無線傳能的設計概念及注入鎖定振盪器來將二倍頻放大輸出，以增加二次諧波雷達偵測系統的偵測距離。One aspect of the present invention is provided in a harmonic radar radio frequency tag, which combines the design concept of radio frequency wireless energy transfer and an injection-locked oscillator to amplify and output a double frequency to increase the second harmonic radar detection system. Detect distance.
根據本發明之一實施例，此諧波雷達射頻標籤包含輸入天線、變壓器、整流電路、注入鎖定振盪器以及輸出天線。整流電路係電性連接至變壓器，以將雷達訊號整流，並輸出整流雷達訊號，其中此整流雷達訊號包含直流訊號成份和二倍頻訊號成份。注入鎖定振盪器係電性連接至整流電路，以根據被注入之二倍頻訊號成份來鎖定輸出二倍頻雷達訊號，其中此二倍頻雷達訊號之頻率為雷達訊號之二倍。輸出天線係電性連接至注入鎖定振盪器，用以發射二倍頻雷達訊號。According to an embodiment of the invention, the harmonic radar radio frequency tag comprises an input antenna, a transformer, a rectifier circuit, an injection locked oscillator, and an output antenna. The rectifier circuit is electrically connected to the transformer to rectify the radar signal and output a rectified radar signal, wherein the rectified radar signal comprises a DC signal component and a second frequency component. The injection-locked oscillator is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit to lock the output double-frequency radar signal according to the injected double-frequency signal component, wherein the frequency of the double-frequency radar signal is twice the radar signal. The output antenna is electrically connected to the injection-locked oscillator for transmitting the double-frequency radar signal.
由上述說明可知，本發明實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤係利用整流電路來將接受到的交流電能先濾成直流電能，再提供振盪器以二倍頻訊號振盪。同時，藉由振盪器本身有注入鎖定的特質，我們利用全波整流器輸出端的二倍頻訊號當作是注入鎖定訊號並饋入振盪器中與全波整流 器中的二倍頻同步。如此，便能提高諧波雷達射頻標籤二倍頻輸出功率的強度，增加雷達偵測距離。It can be seen from the above description that the harmonic radar radio frequency tag of the embodiment of the present invention uses a rectifying circuit to filter the received AC power into DC power first, and then provides the oscillator to oscillate with a double frequency signal. At the same time, by the oscillator itself has the characteristics of injection locking, we use the double frequency signal at the output of the full-wave rectifier as the injection locking signal and feed it into the oscillator and full-wave rectification. The double frequency synchronization in the device. In this way, the intensity of the second-frequency output power of the harmonic radar radio frequency tag can be improved, and the radar detection distance can be increased.
100‧‧‧諧波雷達射頻標籤100‧‧‧Harmonic radar RF tags
110‧‧‧輸入天線110‧‧‧Input antenna
120‧‧‧變壓器120‧‧‧Transformers
130‧‧‧整流電路130‧‧‧Rectifier circuit
140‧‧‧注入鎖定振盪器140‧‧‧Injected Locked Oscillator
150‧‧‧輸出天線150‧‧‧Output antenna
200‧‧‧諧波雷達射頻標籤200‧‧‧Harmonic radar RF tags
210、220‧‧‧天線匹配電路210, 220‧‧‧ Antenna matching circuit
300‧‧‧諧波雷達射頻標籤300‧‧‧Harmonic radar RF tags
310‧‧‧低通濾波器310‧‧‧Low-pass filter
400‧‧‧諧波雷達射頻標籤400‧‧‧Harmonic radar RF tags
410‧‧‧倍壓器電路410‧‧‧ voltage doubler circuit
C1、C2、CFB 、CF ‧‧‧電容C1, C2, C FB , C F ‧‧‧ capacitor
D1、D2‧‧‧二極體D1, D2‧‧‧ diode
fDC ‧‧‧直流訊號f DC ‧‧‧DC signal
fin‧‧‧雷達訊號Fin‧‧‧ radar signal
fout‧‧‧二倍頻雷達訊號Fout‧‧‧ double frequency radar signal
Lp‧‧‧主線圈部份Lp‧‧‧ main coil part
Ls1‧‧‧次線圈部份Ls1‧‧‧ coil part
Ls2‧‧‧次線圈部份Ls2‧‧‧ coil part
L1、L2‧‧‧電感L1, L2‧‧‧ inductance
M1‧‧‧電晶體M1‧‧‧O crystal
RF ‧‧‧電阻R F ‧‧‧resistance
為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優點能更明顯易懂，上文特舉數個較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下：第1圖係繪示根據本發明實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤的電路架構示意圖。The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and understood. A schematic diagram of a circuit architecture of a harmonic radar radio frequency tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
第2圖係繪示根據本發明另一實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤的電路架構示意圖。2 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit architecture of a harmonic radar radio frequency tag according to another embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖係繪示根據本發明再一實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤的電路架構示意圖。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit architecture of a harmonic radar radio frequency tag according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖係繪示根據本發明又一實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤的電路架構示意圖。4 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit architecture of a harmonic radar radio frequency tag according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
請參照第1圖，其係繪示根據本發明實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤100的電路架構示意圖。諧波雷達射頻標籤100包含輸入天線110、變壓器120、整流電路130、注入鎖定振盪器140以及輸出天線150。輸入天線110係用以接收雷達基地台所發射之雷達訊號fin。變壓器120係電性連接至輸入天線110，以接收雷達訊號fin。在本實施例中，變壓器120為中心抽頭式變壓器，但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。中心抽頭式變壓器120包含主線圈部份Lp、次線圈部份Ls1以及次線圈部份Ls2。當雷達訊號fin的能量 進入中心抽頭式變壓器120後，可藉由主線圈部份Lp轉移至次線圈部份Ls1以及次線圈部份Ls2，以透過次線圈部份Ls1以及次線圈部份Ls2輸出交流訊號。整流電路130係電性連接至變壓器120，以將變壓器120所輸出之交流訊號整流成直流訊號fDC 。在本實施例中，整流電路130包含兩個背對背(指陰極接陰極，或陽極接陽極)的二極體D1和D2，但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。由於本實施例之整流電路130為全波整流器，因此於直流訊號fDC 會包含直流成分以及二倍頻之交流成分。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of a harmonic radar radio frequency tag 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The harmonic radar radio frequency tag 100 includes an input antenna 110, a transformer 120, a rectifier circuit 130, an injection lock oscillator 140, and an output antenna 150. The input antenna 110 is configured to receive a radar signal fin transmitted by a radar base station. The transformer 120 is electrically connected to the input antenna 110 to receive the radar signal fin. In the present embodiment, the transformer 120 is a center-tapped transformer, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. The center tapped transformer 120 includes a main coil portion Lp, a secondary coil portion Ls1, and a secondary coil portion Ls2. When the energy of the radar signal fin enters the center tapped transformer 120, it can be transferred to the secondary coil portion Ls1 and the secondary coil portion Ls2 by the main coil portion Lp to pass through the secondary coil portion Ls1 and the secondary coil portion Ls2. Exchange signal. The rectifier circuit 130 is electrically connected to the transformer 120 to rectify the AC signal output by the transformer 120 into a DC signal f DC . In the present embodiment, the rectifier circuit 130 includes two diodes D1 and D2 back-to-back (referring to a cathode-connected cathode or an anode-connected anode), but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Since the rectifier circuit 130 of the present embodiment is a full-wave rectifier, the DC component f DC includes a DC component and an AC component of a double frequency.
注入鎖定振盪器140係電性連接至整流電路130，以接收直流訊號fDC 。由於直流訊號fDC 包含直流成分DC以及二倍頻之交流成分2fin，因此注入鎖定振盪器140可利用直流訊號fDC 之直流成分來進行偏壓操作，並使注入鎖定振盪器140所輸出之二倍頻雷達訊號fout的頻率鎖定在二倍頻訊號的頻率。二倍頻雷達訊號fout則透過輸出天線150傳送回雷達基地台。The injection lock oscillator 140 is electrically connected to the rectifier circuit 130 to receive the DC signal f DC . Since the DC signal f DC includes the DC component DC and the AC component 2fin of the double frequency, the injection-locked oscillator 140 can perform the bias operation using the DC component of the DC signal f DC and the output of the injection-locked oscillator 140. The frequency of the frequency doubling radar signal fout is locked at the frequency of the double frequency signal. The double frequency radar signal fout is transmitted back to the radar base station through the output antenna 150.
如第1圖所示，本實施例之注入鎖定振盪器140包含電感L1、電感L2、電容C1、電容C2、電容CFB 以及電晶體M1，其中二倍頻訊號2fin被當作是注入鎖定訊號並經電晶體M1之閘極(當採用雙載子電晶體時，為基極)來饋入注入鎖定振盪器140中，並與二倍頻訊號2fin同步。由於注入鎖定振盪器140的工作原理本身就是一個正迴授的放大器電路，因此注入鎖定振盪器140所輸出之二倍頻雷達訊號four具有較高之強度。As shown in FIG. 1 , the injection-locked oscillator 140 of the present embodiment includes an inductor L1, an inductor L2, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C FB, and a transistor M1, wherein the double-frequency signal 2fin is regarded as an injection locking signal. The gate of the transistor M1 (which is the base when the bipolar transistor is used) is fed into the injection-locked oscillator 140 and synchronized with the double-frequency signal 2fin. Since the operation of the injection-locked oscillator 140 is itself a positive feedback amplifier circuit, the double-frequency radar signal four output by the injection-locked oscillator 140 has a higher intensity.
由上述說明可知，本發明實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤係利用注入鎖定振盪器來將直流成份的能量轉換至二倍頻率訊號能量，如此當雷達偵測系統所使用之標籤安裝了本發明實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤100，此雷達偵測系統的偵測距離即可大幅地提升。It can be seen from the above description that the harmonic radar radio frequency tag of the embodiment of the present invention uses an injection-locked oscillator to convert the energy of the DC component to the double frequency signal energy, so that the tag used in the radar detection system is installed with the implementation of the present invention. For example, the harmonic radar RF tag 100 can greatly increase the detection range of the radar detection system.
請參照第2圖，其係繪示根據本發明實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤200的電路架構示意圖。諧波雷達射頻標籤100係類似於諧波雷達射頻標籤100，但不同之處在於諧波雷達射頻標籤200包含天線匹配電路210和220。天線匹配電路210和220係分別電性連接至輸入天線110和輸出天線150，以提高天線傳輸的品質。Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram showing the circuit architecture of the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The harmonic radar radio frequency tag 100 is similar to the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 100, except that the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 200 includes antenna matching circuits 210 and 220. The antenna matching circuits 210 and 220 are electrically connected to the input antenna 110 and the output antenna 150, respectively, to improve the quality of the antenna transmission.
請參照第3圖，其係繪示根據本發明實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤300的電路架構示意圖。諧波雷達射頻標籤300係類似於諧波雷達射頻標籤200，但不同之處在於諧波雷達射頻標籤300包含低通濾波器310。低通濾波器310係電性連接於整流電路130與注入鎖定振盪器140之間，以濾除直流訊號fDC 中的高階諧波成份，且只允許二倍頻以下頻率的成分通過低通濾波器310。在本實施例中，低通濾波器310為RC濾波器，其包含電阻RF 與電容CF ，但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram showing the circuit architecture of the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The harmonic radar radio frequency tag 300 is similar to the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 200, but differs in that the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 300 includes a low pass filter 310. The low-pass filter 310 is electrically connected between the rectifier circuit 130 and the injection-locked oscillator 140 to filter out high-order harmonic components in the DC signal f DC , and only allows components of frequencies below the double frequency to pass low-pass filtering. The device 310. In the present embodiment, the low pass filter 310 is an RC filter including a resistor R F and a capacitor C F , but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
藉由使用低通濾波器300，諧波雷達射頻標籤300可輸出高次諧波成分較低的二倍頻雷達訊號fout，如此可提高雷達偵測的效能。By using the low pass filter 300, the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 300 can output a lower frequency radar signal fout with a lower harmonic component, which can improve the performance of the radar detection.
請參照第4圖，其係繪示根據本發明實施例之諧波 雷達射頻標籤400的電路架構示意圖。諧波雷達射頻標籤400係類似於諧波雷達射頻標籤300，但不同之處在於諧波雷達射頻標籤400具有倍壓器電路410。倍壓器電路410係具有電壓放大功能與整流功能，以使得倍壓器電路410所提供之直流訊號fDC 具有較大的電壓值。在本實施例中倍壓器電路410為狄克森(Dickson)倍壓器，但本發明之實施例並不受限於此。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a schematic diagram showing the circuit architecture of the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The harmonic radar radio frequency tag 400 is similar to the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 300, but differs in that the harmonic radar radio frequency tag 400 has a voltage doubler circuit 410. The voltage doubler circuit 410 has a voltage amplification function and a rectification function such that the DC signal f DC provided by the voltage doubler circuit 410 has a large voltage value. In the present embodiment, the voltage doubler circuit 410 is a Dickson voltage doubler, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
本實施例之諧波雷達射頻標籤400係利用倍壓器電路410來提供電壓較大之直流訊號fDC ，如此不但可簡化諧波雷達射頻標籤之架構，同時亦可提供足夠的電壓來偏壓注入鎖定振盪器140。The harmonic radar radio frequency tag 400 of the present embodiment uses the voltage doubler circuit 410 to provide a large voltage DC signal f DC , which not only simplifies the structure of the harmonic radar radio frequency tag, but also provides sufficient voltage to bias The locked oscillator 140 is injected.
雖然本發明已以數個實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，在本發明所屬技術領域中任何具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。While the invention has been described above in terms of several embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and the invention may be practiced in various embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.
100‧‧‧諧波雷達射頻標籤100‧‧‧Harmonic radar RF tags
110‧‧‧輸入天線110‧‧‧Input antenna
120‧‧‧變壓器120‧‧‧Transformers
130‧‧‧整流電路130‧‧‧Rectifier circuit
140‧‧‧注入鎖定振盪器140‧‧‧Injected Locked Oscillator
150‧‧‧輸出天線150‧‧‧Output antenna
fin‧‧‧雷達訊號Fin‧‧‧ radar signal
Lp‧‧‧主線圈部份Lp‧‧‧ main coil part
Ls1‧‧‧次線圈部份Ls1‧‧‧ coil part
Ls2‧‧‧次線圈部份Ls2‧‧‧ coil part
D1、D2‧‧‧二極體D1, D2‧‧‧ diode
fDC ‧‧‧直流訊號f DC ‧‧‧DC signal
fout‧‧‧二倍頻雷達訊號Fout‧‧‧ double frequency radar signal
L1、L2‧‧‧電感L1, L2‧‧‧ inductance
C1、C2、CFB ‧‧‧電容C1, C2, C FB ‧‧‧ capacitor
M1‧‧‧電晶體M1‧‧‧O crystal
Claims (10)
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| TW201044279A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2010-12-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Radio frequency tag reader circuit |
| TW201112126A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-04-01 | Univ Nat Taiwan Science Tech | Radio frequency identification tag |
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2013
- 2013-05-22 TW TW102118078A patent/TWI490519B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW201044279A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2010-12-16 | Hitachi Ltd | Radio frequency tag reader circuit |
| TW201112126A (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-04-01 | Univ Nat Taiwan Science Tech | Radio frequency identification tag |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Singh, A.; Lubecke, V.M. "Respiratory Monitoring and Clutter Rejection Using a CW Doppler Radar With Passive RF Tags," IEEE Sensor Journal, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 558-565, Mar., 2012 J. Kiriazi , J. Nakamura , K. Hall and V. Lubecke "Low profile Harmonic radar transponder for tracking small endangered species", Proc. IEEE 29th Annu. Int. Conf. Eng. Med. Biol. Soc., EMBS 2007, pp.2338 -2341 2007 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW201445161A (en) | 2014-12-01 |
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