TWI483534B - High Efficiency, Low Loss AC / DC Power Supply Circuit and Its Control Method - Google Patents
High Efficiency, Low Loss AC / DC Power Supply Circuit and Its Control Method Download PDFInfo
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- TWI483534B TWI483534B TW102120533A TW102120533A TWI483534B TW I483534 B TWI483534 B TW I483534B TW 102120533 A TW102120533 A TW 102120533A TW 102120533 A TW102120533 A TW 102120533A TW I483534 B TWI483534 B TW I483534B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
- H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
- H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Rectifiers (AREA)
Description
本發明涉及開關電源領域，更具體的說，涉及一種高效率、低損耗的交直流電源電路及其控制方法。The invention relates to the field of switching power supplies, and more particularly to a high efficiency, low loss AC/DC power supply circuit and a control method thereof.
傳統的交直流電源電路的原理方塊圖如圖1所示，交流電源經過整流橋和濾波電容的處理後得到的直流輸入電壓Vg 依次經過升壓電路和返馳式轉換器轉換為一直流電壓輸出。其中所述升壓電路具有功率因數校正功能，其功率因數校正控制電路接收所述輸入電壓Vg 和藉由電壓採樣得到的母線電壓VBUS 以得到電流基準，電流環控制電路根據所述電流基準以及採樣到的輸入電流控制開關電晶體Q1 的開關動作以將直流輸入電壓轉換為母線電壓VBUS ，同時控制其輸入電流和輸入電壓同相位，提高電路的功率因數。目前這種交直流電路存在以下幾個問題： 由於對母線電壓VBUS 的採樣一般依靠電阻分壓來完成，而一般升壓式電路的輸出電壓大致在300V到400V之間，以母線電壓VBUS 為400V、採樣電阻為2M歐姆為例，則採樣電阻上的損耗為80mW。而一般原型整體的待 機損耗包括各級電路中控制晶片的待機損耗以及週邊器件的損耗等，一般規定在0.3W以下。由此可見藉由採樣電阻的方式得到升壓電路的輸出電壓資訊，其電阻損耗佔據了待機損耗的很大一部分，降低待機效率的同時增加了設計困難。The principle block diagram of the traditional AC/DC power supply circuit is shown in Figure 1. The DC input voltage V g obtained by the AC power supply after being processed by the rectifier bridge and the filter capacitor is sequentially converted into a DC voltage by the booster circuit and the flyback converter. Output. Wherein said boosting circuit having a power factor correction, power factor correction control circuit receives the input voltage V g and the bus voltage V BUS by the sampled voltage to obtain a current reference, current control circuit according to the reference current and a sampling switch to the input current control switching operation of transistor Q 1 to the DC input voltage into the bus voltage V bUS, while controlling the input current and input voltage in phase, the power factor improving circuit. At present, the AC/DC circuit has the following problems: Since the sampling of the bus voltage V BUS is generally completed by the resistor divider, the output voltage of the general boost circuit is generally between 300V and 400V, with the bus voltage V BUS . For example, 400V and a sampling resistance of 2M ohms, the loss on the sampling resistor is 80mW. The overall standby loss of the prototype includes the standby loss of the control chip and the loss of the peripheral device in each stage of the circuit, and is generally specified to be less than 0.3W. It can be seen that the output voltage information of the booster circuit is obtained by sampling resistors, and the resistance loss occupies a large part of the standby loss, which reduces the standby efficiency and increases the design difficulty.
輕載情況下，所述母線電壓VBUS 一般仍保持不變，而減小後級的返馳式轉換器的占空比使其工作在斷續導通模式下(DCM)來調整其直流輸出電壓保持穩定，因此前一級電路中在高母線電壓下的開關損耗導致了電能的浪費，轉換效率難以進一步提高。Under light load conditions, the bus voltage V BUS generally remains unchanged, and the duty cycle of the flyback converter of the latter stage is reduced to operate in the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) to adjust its DC output voltage. It remains stable, so the switching loss at the high bus voltage in the previous stage circuit results in wasted power, and the conversion efficiency is difficult to further improve.
有鑒於此，本發明的目的在於提供一種高效率、低損耗的交直流電源電路及其控制方法，以解決現有技術中在高壓母線下採樣電阻損耗過大、輕載時開關損耗難以減小而造成不必要電能浪費的問題。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency, low-loss AC/DC power supply circuit and a control method thereof to solve the problem that the switching loss of the high-voltage bus line is too large and the switching loss is difficult to be reduced when the load is light. No need to waste power.
為實現上述目的，本發明提供如下技術方案：依據本發明一實施例的一種高效率、低損耗的交直流電源電路，將交流電源經整流後得到的直流輸入電壓依次經過第一級電壓轉換電路和第二級電壓轉換電路轉換為一直流信號，其中：所述第一級電壓轉換電路將所述直流輸入電壓轉換為第一輸出電壓；所述第二級電壓轉換電路接收所述第一輸出電壓，並 將其轉換為一恆定的直流信號；所述第一級電壓轉換電路接收一表示所述第二級電壓轉換電路的占空比的第一控制信號，將其轉換為表示所述第一輸出電壓的回饋信號，並據此進行電壓轉換。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency, low-loss AC/DC power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a DC input voltage obtained by rectifying an AC power supply is sequentially passed through a first-stage voltage conversion circuit. And converting the second-stage voltage conversion circuit to a DC signal, wherein: the first-stage voltage conversion circuit converts the DC input voltage into a first output voltage; and the second-stage voltage conversion circuit receives the first output Voltage, and Converting it into a constant DC signal; the first stage voltage conversion circuit receives a first control signal indicative of a duty cycle of the second stage voltage conversion circuit, converting it to represent the first output voltage The feedback signal is used and voltage conversion is performed accordingly.
較佳的，所述第一輸出電壓與所述第一控制信號所表示的占空比成反比例關係。Preferably, the first output voltage is inversely proportional to a duty cycle represented by the first control signal.
進一步的，所述第一級電壓轉換電路包括輸出電壓回饋電路和功率因數校正控制電路；所述輸出電壓回饋電路接收所述第一控制信號，對其進行均值處理後，將其與第一基準值進行比較，其比較的結果經過補償電路得到所述回饋信號；所述功率因數校正控制電路接收所述回饋信號和第一級電壓轉換電路的輸入電流信號，並據此將所述直流輸入電壓轉換為所述第一輸出電壓，同時控制所述第一級電壓轉換電路的輸入電壓和輸入電流同相位。Further, the first stage voltage conversion circuit includes an output voltage feedback circuit and a power factor correction control circuit; the output voltage feedback circuit receives the first control signal, performs mean processing on the first reference The values are compared, and the result of the comparison is obtained by the compensation circuit to obtain the feedback signal; the power factor correction control circuit receives the feedback signal and the input current signal of the first-stage voltage conversion circuit, and according to the DC input voltage Converting to the first output voltage while controlling an input voltage and an input current of the first-stage voltage conversion circuit to be in phase.
較佳的，所述功率因數校正控制電路工作在恆定導通時間模式或輸入電壓前饋控制模式。Preferably, the power factor correction control circuit operates in a constant on time mode or an input voltage feedforward control mode.
較佳的，所述第一控制信號為所述第二級電壓轉換電路的開關控制信號。Preferably, the first control signal is a switch control signal of the second stage voltage conversion circuit.
依據本發明一實施例的一種高效率、低損耗的交直流電源電路的控制方法，將交流電源經整流後的直流輸入電壓依次經過第一級電壓轉換和第二級電壓轉換後得到一直流信號，包括以下步驟：進行第一級電壓轉換將所述直流輸入電壓轉換為第一 輸出電壓；接收所述第一輸出電壓，進行第二級電壓轉換得到一恆定的直流信號；接收一表示第二級電壓轉換電路的占空比的第一控制信號，將其轉換為表示所述第一輸出電壓的回饋信號，並據此進行第一級電壓轉換。According to an embodiment of the present invention, a high-efficiency, low-loss AC/DC power supply circuit control method is characterized in that a rectified DC input voltage of an AC power source is sequentially subjected to a first-stage voltage conversion and a second-stage voltage conversion to obtain a DC signal. The method includes the following steps: performing a first-stage voltage conversion to convert the DC input voltage to the first Outputting a voltage; receiving the first output voltage, performing a second-stage voltage conversion to obtain a constant DC signal; receiving a first control signal indicating a duty ratio of the second-stage voltage conversion circuit, converting the same to The feedback signal of the first output voltage is used to perform the first stage voltage conversion accordingly.
進一步包括：接收所述第一控制信號進行均值處理後，將其與第一基準值進行比較，所比較的結果經過補償得到所述回饋信號；接收所述回饋信號和第一級電壓轉換電路的輸入電流信號，並據此將所述直流輸入電壓轉換為所述第一輸出電壓，同時控制所述第一級電壓轉換電路的輸入電壓和輸入電流同相位。The method further includes: after receiving the first control signal for performing the mean value processing, comparing the first control signal with the first reference value, and obtaining the feedback signal by compensating the result; and receiving the feedback signal and the first stage voltage conversion circuit Inputting a current signal, and converting the DC input voltage to the first output voltage accordingly, while controlling an input voltage and an input current of the first stage voltage conversion circuit to be in phase.
較佳的，所述第一控制信號為所述第二級電壓轉換電路的開關控制信號。Preferably, the first control signal is a switch control signal of the second stage voltage conversion circuit.
依照本發明的一種高效率、低損耗的交直流電源電路及其控制方法，以後一級電壓轉換電路的占空比信號表示前一級電壓轉換電路的輸出電壓，而無需採樣電阻採樣第一級電壓轉換電路的輸出電壓，解決了高母線電壓下採樣電阻損耗過大的問題，提高了待機效率同時降低了設計難度；同時在輕載情況下能夠自動減低母線電壓從而降低了開關損耗。According to the present invention, a high-efficiency, low-loss AC/DC power supply circuit and a control method thereof, the duty cycle signal of the subsequent one-stage voltage conversion circuit represents the output voltage of the previous-stage voltage conversion circuit, and the sampling resistor is not required to sample the first-stage voltage conversion. The output voltage of the circuit solves the problem of excessive loss of the sampling resistor under the high bus voltage, improves the standby efficiency and reduces the design difficulty; at the same time, it can automatically reduce the bus voltage and reduce the switching loss under light load conditions.
Q1 ‧‧‧開關電晶體Q 1 ‧‧‧Switching transistor
L1 ‧‧‧電感L 1 ‧‧‧Inductance
D1 ‧‧‧二極體D 1 ‧‧‧ diode
CBUS ‧‧‧電容C BUS ‧‧‧ capacitor
301‧‧‧輸出電壓回饋電路301‧‧‧Output voltage feedback circuit
302‧‧‧功率因數校正控制電路302‧‧‧Power Factor Correction Control Circuit
為了更清楚地說明本發明實施例或現有技術中的技術方案，下面將對實施例或現有技術描述中所需要使用的圖式作簡單地介紹，顯而易見地，下面描述中的圖式僅僅是本發明的實施例，對於本領域普通技術人員來講，在不付出創造性勞動的前提下，還可以根據提供的圖式獲得其他的圖式。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only For the embodiments of the present invention, other drawings may be obtained according to the provided drawings without any creative work for those skilled in the art.
圖1所示為現有的一種交直流電源電路的原理方塊圖；圖2所示為依據本發明的一種交直流電源電路的第一實施例的電路圖；圖3所示為依據本發明的一種交直流電源電路的第二實施例的電路圖；圖4所示為依據本發明的一種交直流電源電路的第三實施例的電路圖；圖5所示依據本發明的一種交直流電源電路的的第四實施例的電路圖；圖6所示為依據本發明的一種交直流電源電路的控制方法的流程圖。1 is a schematic block diagram of a conventional AC/DC power supply circuit; FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of an AC/DC power supply circuit according to the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of an AC/DC power supply circuit according to the present invention; FIG. 5 shows a fourth embodiment of an AC/DC power supply circuit according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a control method of an AC/DC power supply circuit according to the present invention.
以下結合圖式對本發明的幾個較佳實施例進行詳細描述，但本發明並不僅僅限於這些實施例。本發明涵蓋任何在本發明的精髓和範圍上做的替代、修改、等效方法以及 方案。為了使公眾對本發明有徹底的瞭解，在以下本發明較佳實施例中詳細說明了具體的細節，而對本領域技術人員來說沒有這些細節的描述也可以完全理解本發明。Several preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention is not limited to the embodiments. The present invention encompasses any alternatives, modifications, and equivalents that are made in the spirit and scope of the invention. Program. The details of the invention are described in detail in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the invention may be fully understood by those skilled in the art.
參考圖2，所示為依據本發明的一種交直流電源電路的第一實施例的電路圖；其中所述交直流電源電路將交流電源AC經整流後的直流輸入電壓Vg 依次經過第一級電壓轉換電路和第二級電壓轉換電路轉換為一直流信號VOUT 以為負載供電。Referring to Figure 2, shown is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a DC power supply circuit according to the present invention; wherein said AC-DC power supply circuit to the AC power supply via a DC input voltage V g rectified voltage passes through the first stage The conversion circuit and the second stage voltage conversion circuit are converted to a DC signal V OUT to supply power to the load.
其中所述第一級電壓轉換電路將所述直流輸入電壓Vg 轉換為第一輸出電壓VBUS ；所述第二級電壓轉換電路接收所述第一輸出電壓VBUS ，藉由控制器(Controller)控制功率級電路進行電壓轉換將所述第一輸出電壓VBUS 轉換為一恆定的直流輸出信號VOUT ；而第二級電壓轉換電路輸出一表示其占空比的第一控制信號VD ，在實際應用中可以將第二級電壓轉換電路的控制電路輸出的開關控制信號作為所述第一控制信號VD 。所述第一級電壓轉換電路中的PFC控制電路接收所述第一控制信號VD ，並將其轉換為表示第一級電壓轉換電路的輸出電壓(VBUS )的回饋信號，以此代替電壓採樣電路對電壓VBUS 的採樣。所述第一級電壓轉換電路中的PFC控制電路根據所述回饋信號控制功率級電路A中開關電晶體的動作將所述直流輸入電壓Vg 轉換為第一輸出電壓VBUS ；同時對其進行功率因數校正。The first stage voltage conversion circuit converts the DC input voltage V g into a first output voltage V BUS ; the second stage voltage conversion circuit receives the first output voltage V BUS by a controller (Controller Controlling the power stage circuit for voltage conversion to convert the first output voltage V BUS into a constant DC output signal V OUT ; and the second stage voltage conversion circuit outputting a first control signal V D indicative of its duty cycle, In a practical application, the switch control signal outputted by the control circuit of the second-stage voltage conversion circuit can be used as the first control signal V D . The PFC control circuit in the first stage voltage conversion circuit receives the first control signal V D and converts it into a feedback signal representing an output voltage (V BUS ) of the first stage voltage conversion circuit, thereby replacing the voltage The sampling circuit samples the voltage V BUS . The PFC control circuit in the first stage voltage conversion circuit controls the operation of the switching transistor in the power stage circuit A according to the feedback signal to convert the DC input voltage V g into a first output voltage V BUS ; Power factor correction.
由此可見，依據本發明的交直流電源電路無需採樣電阻採樣第一級電壓轉換電路的輸出電壓，而是利用後級電路的占空比資訊來表示，因此解決了高母線電壓下採樣電阻損耗過大的問題，提高了待機效率。It can be seen that the AC/DC power supply circuit according to the present invention does not need to sample the resistance to sample the output voltage of the first-stage voltage conversion circuit, but uses the duty ratio information of the latter stage circuit to represent, thus solving the high-bus voltage under-sampling resistance loss. Excessive problems increase standby efficiency.
參考圖3，所示為依據本發明的一種交直流電源電路的第二實施例的電路圖；其在圖2所示實施例的基礎上給出了兩級轉換電路的功率級電路部分以及控制電路的實現。其中第一級電壓轉換電路為非隔離性升壓電路，具體由電感L1 、開關電晶體Q1 、二極體D1 和輸出電容CBUS 組成，所述第二級電壓轉換電路為一返馳式轉換器。Referring to FIG. 3, there is shown a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of an AC/DC power supply circuit according to the present invention; the power stage circuit portion and control circuit of the two-stage conversion circuit are given on the basis of the embodiment shown in FIG. Implementation. The first-stage voltage conversion circuit is a non-isolated boost circuit, specifically composed of an inductor L 1 , a switching transistor Q 1 , a diode D 1 and an output capacitor C BUS , and the second-stage voltage conversion circuit is a return Chi converter.
所述返馳式轉換器的占空比Dy
的計算公式如下：
其中N為返馳式轉換器的一次側與二次側的匝數比；當N=1時，由式(1)可以推出以下關係：
由此可以看出，在所述交直流電源電路的直流輸出信號VOUT 固定時，所述第一輸出電壓VBUS 與所述返馳式轉換器的占空比Dy 成反比例關係，因此可以利用所述返馳式轉換器的占空比Dy 的資訊來表示所述第一輸出電壓VBUS ，以代替目前常用的採樣電阻。It can be seen that when the DC output signal V OUT of the AC/DC power supply circuit is fixed, the first output voltage V BUS is inversely proportional to the duty ratio D y of the flyback converter, so The first output voltage V BUS is represented by information of the duty ratio D y of the flyback converter to replace the currently used sampling resistor.
所述第一級電壓轉換電路進一步包括輸出電壓回饋電 路301和功率因數校正控制(PFC)電路302；所述輸出電壓回饋電路301接收第二級電壓轉換電路中控制電路所輸出的開關電晶體的控制信號作為表示返馳式轉換器的占空比Dy 的第一控制信號VD ，利用一串聯至地的均值電阻和均值電容對其進行均值處理後，將均值電阻和均值電容公共連接點輸出的電壓輸入至轉導運算放大器與第一基準值Vref1 進行比較，其比較的結果經過補償電路得到所述回饋信號VC1 ；所述功率因數校正控制電路接收所述回饋信號VC1 和第一級電壓轉換電路的輸入電流信號iL ，並據此控制開關電晶體Q1 的開關動作在輸出端輸出第一輸出電壓VBUS ，同時控制所述第一級電壓轉換電路的輸入電壓和輸入電流同相位。The first stage voltage conversion circuit further includes an output voltage feedback circuit 301 and a power factor correction control (PFC) circuit 302; the output voltage feedback circuit 301 receives the switching transistor outputted by the control circuit in the second stage voltage conversion circuit The control signal is used as a first control signal V D representing the duty ratio D y of the flyback converter, and is averaged by a series-to-ground average resistor and a mean capacitor, and the common resistor and the averaging capacitor are connected to each other. The output voltage is input to the transconducting operational amplifier and compared with the first reference value V ref1 , and the result of the comparison is obtained by the compensation circuit to obtain the feedback signal V C1 ; the power factor correction control circuit receives the feedback signal V C1 and the An input current signal i L of the primary voltage conversion circuit, and accordingly controlling the switching action of the switching transistor Q 1 to output a first output voltage V BUS at the output terminal, and simultaneously controlling an input voltage and an input of the first-stage voltage conversion circuit The current is in phase.
當所述第一輸出電壓VBUS 升高時，所述返馳式轉換器的占空比Dy 變小，相應的所述第一控制信號VD 進行均值處理後得到的數值變小，相應的，所述回饋信號VC1 變大，相應的控制所述第一輸出電壓VBUS 降低。When the first output voltage V BUS is increased, the duty ratio D y of the flyback converter becomes smaller, and the value obtained by performing the mean processing on the corresponding first control signal V D becomes smaller, correspondingly The feedback signal V C1 becomes larger, and the first output voltage V BUS is controlled to be lowered accordingly.
由此可以看出在輕載情況下，第二級轉換電路的占空比會降低，相應的控制所述第一輸出電壓VBUS 降低，而母線電壓降低將大大減小開關電晶體的開關損耗，進一步提高了整個電路的效率。It can be seen that under light load conditions, the duty cycle of the second stage conversion circuit is reduced, the corresponding control of the first output voltage V BUS is reduced, and the bus voltage reduction will greatly reduce the switching loss of the switching transistor. , further improving the efficiency of the entire circuit.
根據本發明的教導，可知第一、二級電壓轉換電路的拓撲結構並不限制於上述實施例所列舉的。所述第一級電壓轉換電路可以採用具有功率因數校正功能的其他非隔離 型拓撲結構，相應的，所述第二級電壓轉換電路可以為其他任何合適的隔離型拓撲結構。同樣第一級電壓轉換電路為具有功率因數校正功能的隔離型拓撲結構時，所述第二級電壓轉換電路可以採用非隔離型拓撲結構。According to the teachings of the present invention, it is understood that the topology of the first and second voltage conversion circuits is not limited to those enumerated in the above embodiments. The first stage voltage conversion circuit can adopt other non-isolation with power factor correction function Type topology, correspondingly, the second stage voltage conversion circuit can be any other suitable isolation topology. Similarly, when the first-stage voltage conversion circuit is an isolated topology having a power factor correction function, the second-stage voltage conversion circuit can adopt a non-isolated topology.
其中隔離型的拓撲結構可以包括返馳式轉換器、順向式轉換器、推挽轉換器或橋式轉換器等；而所述非隔離型拓撲結構包括非隔離型降壓電路、非隔離型升壓電路或非隔離型升降壓電路等。The isolated topology may include a flyback converter, a forward converter, a push-pull converter or a bridge converter, etc.; and the non-isolated topology includes a non-isolated step-down circuit, non-isolated Boost circuit or non-isolated buck-boost circuit.
另外，兩級電壓轉換電路均採用非隔離型拓撲也在本發明的保護範圍之內，如圖4所示電路中第一級電壓轉換電路為非隔離型升壓電路，所述第二級電壓轉換電路為非隔離型降壓電路。在所述交直流電源電路的直流輸出信號VOUT 固定時，所述第一輸出電壓VBUS 與所述返馳式轉換器的占空比Dy 成反比例關係。其工作原理與圖3所示實施例相似，在此不再贅述。In addition, the two-stage voltage conversion circuit adopts a non-isolated topology, which is also within the protection scope of the present invention. In the circuit shown in FIG. 4, the first-stage voltage conversion circuit is a non-isolated booster circuit, and the second-stage voltage is The conversion circuit is a non-isolated step-down circuit. When the DC output signal V OUT of the AC/DC power supply circuit is fixed, the first output voltage V BUS is inversely proportional to the duty ratio D y of the flyback converter. The working principle is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and details are not described herein again.
圖5中詳細示出了第一級電壓轉換電路中功率因數校正控制電路以及第二級電壓轉換電路中控制電路的具體實現方法中的一種，具體工作原理可參照先前技術部分，為公知方法，在此不再贅述。在本實施例中，所述功率因數校正控制電路工作在輸入電壓前饋控制模式，即需要對直流輸入電壓Vg 進行採樣和前饋，也可以採用不需要輸入電壓前饋的恆定導通時間模式進行功率因數校正控制。A specific implementation method of the power factor correction control circuit in the first-stage voltage conversion circuit and the control circuit in the second-stage voltage conversion circuit is shown in detail in FIG. 5. The specific working principle can be referred to the prior art, and is a known method. I will not repeat them here. In the present embodiment, the power factor correction control circuit feedforward control mode before the input voltage, i.e. the need for the DC input voltage V g is sampled and feedforward, constant on-time mode before the input voltage does not need to feed may also be employed Perform power factor correction control.
參考圖6，所示為依據本發明的一種高效率、低損耗的交直流電源電路的控制方法的流程圖，將交流電源經整 流後的直流輸入電壓經過第一級電壓轉換和第二級電壓轉換後得到一直流信號，其包括以下步驟：S601：進行第一級電壓轉換將所述直流輸入電壓轉換為第一輸出電壓；S602：接收所述第一輸出電壓，進行第二級電壓轉換得到一恆定的直流信號；S603：接收一表示第二級電壓轉換電路的占空比的第一控制信號，將其轉換為表示所述第一輸出電壓的回饋信號，並據此進行第一級電壓轉換。Referring to FIG. 6, there is shown a flow chart of a method for controlling a high efficiency, low loss AC/DC power supply circuit according to the present invention. The DC input voltage after the flow is subjected to the first-stage voltage conversion and the second-stage voltage conversion to obtain a DC signal, which includes the following steps: S601: performing a first-stage voltage conversion to convert the DC input voltage into a first output voltage; S602: receiving the first output voltage, performing a second-stage voltage conversion to obtain a constant DC signal; S603: receiving a first control signal indicating a duty ratio of the second-stage voltage conversion circuit, and converting the same to a representation The feedback signal of the first output voltage is described, and the first-stage voltage conversion is performed accordingly.
所述步驟S603中可以進一步包括以下步驟：接收所述第一控制信號進行均值處理後，將其與第一基準值進行比較，所比較的結果經過補償得到所述回饋信號；接收所述回饋信號和第一級電壓轉換電路的輸入電流信號，並據此將所述直流輸入電壓轉換為所述第一輸出電壓，同時控制所述第一級電壓轉換電路的輸入電壓和輸入電流同相位。The step S603 may further include the following steps: after receiving the first control signal for performing the mean value processing, comparing the first control signal with the first reference value, the compared result is compensated to obtain the feedback signal; and receiving the feedback signal And an input current signal of the first stage voltage conversion circuit, and accordingly converting the DC input voltage into the first output voltage, while controlling an input voltage and an input current of the first stage voltage conversion circuit to be in phase.
較佳實施例中，所述第一控制信號為所述第二級電壓轉換電路的開關控制信號。In a preferred embodiment, the first control signal is a switch control signal of the second stage voltage conversion circuit.
以上對依據本發明的較佳實施例的交流-直流電壓轉換電路進行了描述，這些實施例並沒有詳盡敍述所有的細節，也不限制該發明僅為所述的具體實施例。顯然，根據以上描述，可作很多的修改和變化。本領域技術人員在本發明實施例公開的電路的基礎上所做的相關的改進、多個 實施例的結合，以及採用其他技術、電路佈局或元件而實現的相同功能的電路結構，也在本發明實施例的保護範圍之內。本發明僅申請專利範圍及其全部範圍和等效物的限制。The AC-DC voltage conversion circuit in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, and the various embodiments are not described in detail, and the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above description. Related improvements made by those skilled in the art based on the circuit disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, multiple Combinations of the embodiments, as well as circuit structures of the same functions, which are implemented by other techniques, circuit arrangements or components, are also within the scope of the embodiments of the invention. The invention is intended to be limited only by the scope of the claims
A‧‧‧功率級電路A‧‧‧Power Stage Circuit
B‧‧‧功率級電路B‧‧‧Power Stage Circuit
VBUS ‧‧‧第一輸出電壓V BUS ‧‧‧First output voltage
VD ‧‧‧第一控制信號V D ‧‧‧First control signal
Vg ‧‧‧直流輸入電壓V g ‧‧‧DC input voltage
VOUT ‧‧‧直流輸出信號V OUT ‧‧‧DC output signal
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| CN101465598A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2009-06-24 | 普天信息技术研究院有限公司 | AC/DC converter |
| TWM379929U (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-01 | Leader Electronics Inc | AC/DC power conversion circuit |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102801329B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
| US9318960B2 (en) | 2016-04-19 |
| US20140043866A1 (en) | 2014-02-13 |
| TW201409914A (en) | 2014-03-01 |
| CN102801329A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
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