TWI475706B - A collector and a solar cell module with a collector - Google Patents

Description

Light collector and solar battery module with concentrator

The present invention relates to a concentrator, and more particularly to a concentrator for separating light according to a wavelength range, and to a solar cell module having a concentrator.

As the global population has increased year by year, the demand for energy has increased. Currently, the main energy sources are fossil fuels and nuclear power. However, fuels such as oil and coal mines generate heat and carbon dioxide and other exhaust gases that cause air pollution and the greenhouse effect. Nuclear power generation, although less polluting to the air, produces a large amount of nuclear waste that cannot be decomposed and radiated. Moreover, if the nuclear power plant is improperly controlled or subjected to severe natural disasters during operation, it is also likely to cause radiation leakage and harm to the organism. What's important is that whether fossil fuels or nuclear energy are non-renewable energy, there is a day of exhaustion and exhaustion. Therefore, the development of renewable energy, which makes the earth sustainable and inexhaustible, the main source of power, such as solar energy, wind power, and hydropower, has become a major issue in the future development of energy. Among them, solar energy is one of the most promising renewable energy sources due to its most stable and easy to obtain.

Referring to Figure 1, the initial development is that solar light directly illuminates the solar cell and converts the light energy into electrical energy for subsequent use by using the solar cell. However, the solar cell has a limited light receiving surface. Therefore, a solar cell module as shown in FIG. 1 is also developed. The solar cell module includes a solar cell 12, and a solar cell 12 is disposed above the light receiving surface of the solar cell 12 and can converge all of the solar energy to the solar cell. The concentrator 11 of 12, and the concentrator 12 can converge the characteristics of light, increase the amount of light irradiated to the solar cell 11, and thereby improve the photoelectrically converted electric energy. Generally, the concentrator 11 is a spherical convex lens 11 that can concentrate light to a focus.

Referring to FIG. 2, since the convex lens 11 needs to have a predetermined curvature, the relative volume is large, and in order to save the space occupied by the concentrator 11, the spherical convex lens 11 is continuously improved to a Fresnel lens 13 (Frenel Lens) 13. The Fresnel lens 13 is composed of a plurality of prisms 131 adjacent to each other and having the same length, and each of the prisms 131 receives a continuous plane of light, and receives the sun regarded as parallel light at the same incident angle. Light, and all the sunlight irradiated to the Fresnel lens 13 is collected to the solar cell 12, except that the thickness of the concentrator 13 is reduced in a thinned manner, and the overall volume of the solar cell module is also greatly reduced. weight.

Referring to FIG. 3, at present, the light is concentrated by the concentrator 13 on the solar cell 12. When the light energy E of the solar light exceeds the predetermined energy gap E _{g of} the solar cell 12, the solar energy can be from the light energy. The light energy ΔE (that is, the light energy difference ΔE between the solar energy and the predetermined energy gap) in the solar energy E exceeds a predetermined energy gap, and waste heat energy is formed in the solar cell 12; The solar energy of the energy gap is directly converted from light energy to waste heat energy inside the solar cell 12 and cannot become electric energy. As can be seen from the above, the solar energy exceeding or falling short of the predetermined energy gap of the solar cell 12 can become waste heat energy retained in the solar cell 12 because the photoelectric effect cannot be effectively formed, and the solar cell 12 is continuously heated by the influence of waste heat energy. This causes the solar cell 12 to age rapidly; in addition, it cannot effectively convert all of the light energy into electric energy, resulting in low overall photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Therefore, how to effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module as a whole is a goal of continuous research by technical personnel in the field of solar cell technology.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a concentrator that can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of a solar cell module.

Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module having a concentrator which can have high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

Therefore, the concentrator of the present invention is used for collecting sunlight, and comprises a plurality of prisms each having a light receiving surface and a refractive surface, wherein the light receiving surfaces of the prisms are connected to each other to form a continuous plane, and the mth surface is defined. The length of the prism is P _m , and the angle between the light-receiving surface and the refractive surface of the m-th prism is α _m , and the relationship between the length and the angle of the prisms satisfies P _m >P _m-1 , and α _m >α _m-1 , m>1, and the sunlight is dispersed by the mirrors so that light of different wavelength ranges is substantially concentrated to a light collecting surface on the other side of the prisms and separated according to the wavelength range.

Thus, the solar cell module having the concentrator of the present invention comprises a solar cell unit and a concentrator.

The solar cell unit has a light converging surface for generating electrical energy after the light enters.

The concentrator is used for collecting sunlight, and comprises a plurality of prisms each having a light receiving surface and a refractive surface, wherein the light receiving surfaces of the prisms are connected to each other to form a continuous plane, and the mth prism is defined. The length is P _m , and the angle between the light-receiving surface and the refractive surface of the m-th prism is α _m , and the relationship between the length and the angle of the prisms satisfies P _m >P _m-1 , and α _m >α _m-1 ,m> 1. The sunlight is dispersed by the prisms so that light of different wavelength ranges is substantially concentrated to a light collecting surface on the other side of the prisms and separated according to the wavelength range.

The effect of the invention is that the light beams are first concentrated on the light collecting surface by using the prisms, and the light of different wavelength ranges is separated on the light collecting surface by using the principle of the prism dispersion, and the light is reduced in the solar battery unit. It directly becomes the probability of waste heat energy, and thus effectively converts light energy into electric energy and improves photoelectric conversion efficiency.

The above and other technical contents, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it is noted that in the following description, similar elements are denoted by the same reference numerals.

Referring to FIG. 4, a preferred embodiment of a solar cell module having a concentrator of the present invention includes at least one solar cell unit 2, and a concentrator 3.

The solar cell unit 2 has a light collecting surface 23. In the preferred embodiment, the solar cell unit 2 has a plurality of solar cells 22, and the surface of the solar cells 22 that receives light is the light collecting surface 23 .

The concentrator 3 includes a plurality of prisms 31, each of which has a light receiving surface 311 and a refractive surface 312. The prisms 31 are adjacent to each other, and the light receiving surfaces 311 of the prisms 31 are oriented. In the same direction, the light receiving surfaces 311 are made to be a continuous plane. In the preferred embodiment, the light-receiving surfaces 311 are directed toward a solar light source that is considered to be parallel light.

Wherein the angle between the receiving surface 311 and the refractive surface 312 is defined m-th prism 31 is [alpha] _m, and the length of the m-th prism is P _m, the m-th prism length P _m 31 is larger than the (m -1) the length P _{m-1 of the} prisms, and the angle α _m between the light receiving surface 311 of the mth prism 31 and the refractive surface 312 is larger than the light receiving surface 311 and the refractive surface of the (m-1)th prism 31 312 angle α _m-1, i.e. such prism angle relationship between the length of the mirror 31 satisfies the relation such chabazite α _m> α _m-1, and P _m> P _m-1, this time, m> 1.

The concentrator 3 converges the sunlight to the light concentrating surface 23, and the light concentrating surface 23 can also disperse the light according to different wavelength ranges.

Preferably, each of the prisms 31 is a right-angled mirror, and the refractive surface 312 is the longest slope of the right-angled mirror 31, and the light-receiving surface 311 serves as a surface of the adjacent side such that the surface of the opposite side is perpendicular to the light-receiving surface 311, and The sunlight that enters the light-receiving surface 311 of each of the prisms 31 in parallel with the surface of the opposite side, the refraction of the surface formed by the opposite side can be minimized.

In the concentrator 3, each of the prisms 31 is formed of a material having the same refractive index, and the first prism 31 extends forward from the origin of an imaginary axis X by the length P _{1 of the} first mirror. To point P ₁ , the second prism 31 extends from the end of the first prism (that is, the point P ₁ of the imaginary axis X) along the imaginary axis X to the length P _{2 of} the second mirror to the imaginary a point of the axis X (P ₁ + P ₂ ), and so on, until the mth prism 31 extends from the end of the (m-1)th prism along the imaginary axis X, and the diamond The mirrors 31 are all facing in the same direction, and the light receiving surfaces 311 of the prisms 31 are formed into a continuous plane, and the angle formed by the light receiving surface 311 of each of the prisms 31 and the refractive surface 312 is adjacent to the end of the prism 31.

The refractive index of each of the prisms 31 at the predetermined wavelength λ is n _λ , and the focal length of each of the prisms 31 is defined as f. Next, how to select the length and the angle of the first to the mth mirror to achieve the better effect achieved by the concentrator 3 of the preferred embodiment: the concentrator 3 converges the sun At the same time as the light is concentrated on the light collecting surface 23, the light can be more accurately dispersed in the light collecting surface 23 according to different wavelength ranges.

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, it is assumed that the light collecting surface 23 is located on the imaginary axis X, and sunlight passes through each of the prisms 31 to reach the light collecting surface 23, and the light collecting surface 23 and the prism 31 are The light receiving surface 311 is parallel. If the definition R is the distance from the origin of the imaginary axis X to the end of the prism 31, the distance between the light collecting surface 23 and the plane formed by the light receiving surface 311 of the prism 31 is the focal length f. It will satisfy the following known Fresnel Lenses equation (1):

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, it is assumed that each of the prisms 31 is concentrated by the spectrum of the predetermined wavelength range in the sunlight to the light converging surface between the points a to b of the imaginary axis X, and the light converging surface 23 and the The distance of the plane formed by the light receiving surface 311 of the prism 31 is the focal length f. If the distance between the end of the prism 31 and the origin of the imaginary axis X is defined as R _a , the end of the prism 31 and the imaginary axis X The distance of the point a is R, and the equation for deriving the length P of the prism satisfies the following program (2):

According to the equation (1) and the equation (2), and the first prism 31 extends from the origin of the imaginary axis X along the imaginary axis X, and assuming that the point a of the light collecting surface 23 is located The origin of the imaginary axis X, that is, R = R _a , can be derived from the solution of P ₁ in the following program (3):

Referring to FIG. 7, according to the equation (1), the equation (2), and the equation (3), each of the prisms 31 extends in the positive direction along the imaginary axis X, and assuming that the point a of the light collecting surface 23 is located at the original Point, that is, a=0, the P ₂ , P ₃ , ... to the length of the mth prism 31 satisfying the solution of P _m in the following program (4) can be derived in a recursive manner:

Where M is the distance from the starting point of the first prism 31 to the starting point of the first prism 31, that is, the shortest distance between the mth prism 31 and the origin of the imaginary axis X.

Next, when determining the length of the light collecting surface 23, the value of the point b in the imaginary axis X is also determined, and the values of n _λ , f and b are substituted into the equation (1) to obtain the first sculpt 31. The length of P ₁ .

Since the length of the first prism 31 is the distance from the end of the first mirror to the origin of the imaginary axis X, then P ₁ =R, and P ₁ can be returned to the equation (2). Then, the focal length f of the known prism is used to obtain the value of tan α, and the angle between the refractive surface 311 of the first prism 31 and the light receiving surface 312 is obtained by an inverse function α ₁ =tan ^-1 .

Continuing, when the length P ₁ of the first prism 31 is obtained, that is, the distance M between the second prism 31 and the origin of the imaginary axis X, and the known M, n _λ , b, and f are substituted. The equation (4) calculates the length P _{2 of the} second prism 31.

Since the distance from the end of the second prism 31 to the origin of the imaginary axis X is the sum of the length P ₁ of the first prism 31 and the length P ₂ of the second prism 31, P ₁ + P ₂ =M+P ₂ =R, and M and P ₂ can be substituted into the equation (2), and the focal length f of the known prism can be used to obtain the value of tan α, and then obtained by the inverse function. The angle α ₂ between the refractive surface of the second prism and the light receiving surface.

Then, by calculating and deriving the length P ₂ and the angle of the second prism, the length of the first prism 31 to the (m-1)th mirror 31 can be obtained, and the m can be obtained. The distance M between the plurality of prisms 31 and the origin of the imaginary axis X is the length sum of the first prism 31, the second mirror 31, and the (m-1)th mirror 31, and the equation is used again. (4) obtaining the length P _{m of} the mth prism 31; further, the distance R from the end of the mth prism 31 to the origin of the imaginary axis X is the length of the first prism 31 P ₁ , the length of the second prism, P ₂ , ..., to the sum of the lengths P _m of the mth prism, then P ₁ + P ₂ + ... + P _m-1 + P _m = The sum of the distances between the ends of the m girders and the origin of the imaginary axis X = M + P _m = R, and M and P _m can be substituted back into the equation (2), and then combined with the known Mirror focal length f, a value obtained tana _m, and then an inverse function to obtain the m-th refractive surface 312 and the prism 31 by an angle [alpha] _m between the surface 311 = tan ^-1 .

It can be seen from the equations obtained by the present invention that the length and the angle of each of the prisms 31 are calculated. The lengths of the prisms 31 of the present invention are sequentially increased, and the light receiving surface 311 and the refraction of the prisms 31 are refraction. The angle between the faces 312 is also increased sequentially, that is, P _m > P _m-1 , and α _m > α _m-1 .

Since the different wavelengths have different refractive indices for the prisms 31, when sunlight having a plurality of wavelength ranges is irradiated to the concentrator 3 of the prisms 31, the wavelength of the sunlight is λ. The light converges at a position a to point b in the imaginary axis X, and the convergence position of the light having a wavelength greater than λ in the solar illumination is displaced toward the extending direction of the imaginary axis X, and the convergence position of the light having a wavelength less than λ in the solar illumination Displacement opposite to the direction of extension of the imaginary axis X, the solar illumination can be dispersed and separated according to different wavelength ranges.

In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined energy gaps of the solar cells 22 respectively correspond to the sunlight of different wavelength ranges separated by the concentrator 3, so that each solar cell 22 transmits sunlight rays absorbing the appropriate wavelength range. The energy gap of the solar cell 22 is excited to fully convert the light energy into electrical energy, and since the energy of the received solar illumination is suitable for the energy gap of the solar cell 22, the solar light energy can be effectively reduced. The solar cell 22 is converted into waste heat energy by forming a photoelectric effect, and the energy of the sun light is also prevented from being much larger than the energy gap of the solar cell 22, thereby generating excess waste heat energy.

It should be noted that, in the preferred embodiment, the solar cell unit 2 is exemplified by a plurality of solar cells 22 and a load 21 which are respectively different in excitation and can be excited by the refracted sunlight. To be limited thereto, it is also possible to include a plurality of solar cells each having a load, and each of the solar cells further has a solar cell having the same energy gap, and the output power of each solar cell is different, and It can be used by multiple loads that require different electrical energy. Moreover, the arrangement of the solar cell unit is familiar to those skilled in the art and will not be further described herein.

The following are test results regarding the solar cell module of the preferred embodiment.

<Test result 1>

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 7, the focal length of the prisms 31 of the concentrator is 50 nm, and the refractive index n _λ of the prisms 31 at a light wavelength of 550 nm is 1.4918, and the light supply wavelength is 550 nm. The position of the light collecting surface is 0 mm to -1 mm of the imaginary axis X.

The first prism is extended from the origin (0) of the imaginary axis X to the extending direction of the imaginary axis X; and f=50, n _λ =1.4918, and b=-1 are respectively substituted into the equation (3). Through the MATLAB software, the length of the _first prism is obtained as P ₁ = 1.0008mm, then P _{1 is} substituted into equation (2) to obtain tan α, and finally tan α is substituted into equation (1) to obtain α ₁ = 2.32 °. .

Next, the length of the second prism is calculated by the equation (4). In the equation (4), f=50, n _λ =1.4918, b=-1, and M=P ₁ =1.0008, and then Through the MATLAB software, the length of the _second mirror is P ₂ = 1.0008mm, then M + P ₂ = R is substituted into equation (2) to obtain tan α, and finally tan α is substituted into equation (1) to obtain α ₂ =4.64°.

Through the above calculation process, the actual calculation method of each prism 31 is clearly understood, and the length and angle of the mth prism and (m-1) mirrors can be continuously calculated according to the above method, and the relationship does satisfy the P _{m .} >P _m-1 , and α _m >α _m-1 , m>1.

<Test result 2>

In the following, when a single prism receives light of different wavelength ranges, the position of the light refracted by the prism is irradiated to the position of the light collecting surface for simulation verification.

In the test results, the fourth prism was taken for verification.

First, it is assumed that the refractive index n _λ of the fourth prism with respect to the wavelength range of 500 nm is 1.4967, the distance between the light collecting surface and the light receiving surface of the prism is 50 mm, and when the wavelength range is 500 nm, the light is refracted to The imaginary axis X is a light converging surface of 0~-1 mm, then b=-1, and the starting end of the fourth rhombo mirror is placed at a point 3.011 of the imaginary axis X (point 3.011 is the equation (1), The equation (2), and the sum of P ₁ , P _{2 ,} and P ₃ after the equation (3) is calculated, that is, M=3.011, and the fourth prism is subjected to the equation (1), the equation (2) And the length of the equation (3) is 1.013mm, then R=M+P ₄ =4.024mm, and a spectral receiver is placed below the prism and 50mm away from the prism, using SPEOS software simulation verification When the wavelength range of the illumination is 400 nm, 700 nm, and 900 nm, the light is irradiated to the position of the light converging surface.

8 to 10 are illumination diagrams in which the spectral receiver measures the imaginary axis X of the light collecting surface, the horizontal axis is the imaginary axis X, and the vertical axis is the illuminance. It can be seen from FIG. 8 to FIG. 13 that when the wavelength range of the illumination is 400 nm, the light refracted by the fourth prism is irradiated to the point of the light convergence surface -1.08 mm to -0.086 mm, when the illumination wavelength is When the range is gradually increased, the light irradiated to the light collecting surface also moves to the right. For example, when the illumination wavelength range is 900 nm, the light is irradiated to a point 0 exceeding the imaginary axis X corresponding to the light collecting surface, which is about 0.1018 nm. 8 to 10 confirm that the light of different wavelength ranges is separated by the characteristics of dispersion between the points 0 to -1 mm which are substantially irradiated to the imaginary axis X of the light collecting surface.

<Test result 3>

The test results mainly simulate the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module of the present invention when absorbing sunlight. Taking a conventional solar cell module as a control group, a solar cell module of the invention is an experimental group, and after calculating the total output power of the control group and the experimental group, comparing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the present invention with Photoelectric conversion efficiency of a conventional solar cell module.

[control group]

Referring to FIG. 3, the conventional solar cell module includes a solar cell 12 having a light collecting surface and an energy gap of 1.1 eV, and a Fresnel lens 13 above the solar cell 12, the conventional type of phenanthrene. The Neel lens 13 has a plurality of prisms 131 arranged in sequence and having the same length.

Since the conventional concentrator 13 can concentrate only the sunlight on the light concentrating surface and cannot separate the light of different wavelength ranges, it is placed on the light concentrating surface while receiving the sunlight of various wavelength ranges.

Set the total input solar light power to 0.74 watts.

Referring to FIG. 11, the spectrum of the sunlight collected by the solar cell 12 of the conventional solar cell module is shown. Referring to Table 1, Table 1 lists the incident power and output power in each wavelength range. Wherein, the incident power field is the incident power of the conventional solar cell 12 receiving the corresponding wavelength range, which is the energy gap of the solar cell 12 and the highest energy in the wavelength range of the column (also It is the ratio of the shortest wavelength. The output power field is the product of the input power and the energy level difference. For example, the conventional solar cell 12 has an input power of 0.23 W in a wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm, a maximum energy of 3.1 eV in a wavelength range of 400 nm, and an output power of 0.23*1.1/3.1=0.081 W.

Since the energy gap of the solar cell 12 of the conventional solar cell module is a fixed value, and the light conversion for most wavelength ranges is available, the energy gap of the conventional solar cell 12 is set to be 1.1 eV, that is, Not more than the energy of the light wavelength range of 1000 nm. As can be seen from Table 1, the conventional solar cell module has a total output power of 0.38 W when it receives a total input power of 0.74.

[control group]

Referring to FIG. 4, the experimental group of the solar cell module of the present invention includes the concentrator 3 of the preferred embodiment, and the solar cell unit 2, wherein the solar cell unit 2 is arranged in three sequential order. The solar cell 22 extending in the forward direction of the imaginary axis X is subjected to simulation verification: the concentrator 3 of the present invention converges the light on the light concentrating surface 23, and also illuminates the light concentrating on the light concentrating surface 23 by the principle of dispersion. Light in different wavelength ranges is separated.

Referring to Figures 12, 13, and 14, respectively, the solar cells 22 receive spectrograms of sunlight.

As can be seen from FIG. 12, the wavelength range of light received by the first solar cell 22 falls substantially between 400 nm and 600 nm, and the optical energy of the wavelength range of 400 nm to 500 nm is the strongest; as shown in FIG. 13, the second solar energy The wavelength range of the light received by the battery 22 is approximately 400 nm to 800 nm, and the light energy having the wavelength range of 500 nm to 600 nm is the strongest; as shown in FIG. 14, the wavelength range of the light received by the third solar cell 22 falls substantially at 500 nm. ~1000nm, and the light energy range from 710nm to 810nm is the strongest. Therefore, it can be seen from the spectrogram of the solar cell shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 that the concentrator of the present invention surely separates the light concentrated on the light collecting surface according to the wavelength range.

Next, Table 2 lists the incident power and output power of each wavelength range received by the first solar cell 22 therein. Wherein, the incident power field is mainly the incident power of the first solar cell 22 of the experimental group of the invention receiving the corresponding wavelength range, and the energy level difference field is the energy gap of the second solar cell and the light of the column. The ratio of the highest energy (that is, the shortest wavelength) in the wavelength range. This output power field is the product of the input power and the energy level difference. For example, when the solar cell 22 has a wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm, the received incident power is 0.062 W, the wavelength range is 400 nm, and the highest energy is 3.1 eV, and the output power is 0.062*1.1/3.1=0.041 W. .

Since the first solar cell 22 mainly needs to provide a photoelectric effect for light having a wavelength range of 400 nm to 600 nm, the energy gap of the first solar cell 22 is set to be 2.07 eV, that is, not more than the wavelength range of 600 nm. Energy value. As can be seen from Table 3, the output power of the first solar cell 22 is 0.59 W.

Next, Table 4 lists the incident power and output power of each wavelength range accepted by the second solar cell 22 therein. The incident power field is mainly the incident power of the second solar cell 22 of the experimental group of the invention receiving the corresponding wavelength range, and the energy step field is the energy gap of the second solar cell and the light of the column. The ratio of the highest energy (that is, the shortest wavelength) in the wavelength range. This output power field is the product of the input power and the energy level difference.

Since the second solar cell 22 mainly needs to provide a photoelectric effect in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 800 nm, the energy gap of the second solar cell 22 is set to 1.55 eV, that is, not more than the wavelength range of 800 nm. Energy value. As can be seen from Table 4, the output power of the second solar cell 22 is 0.234 W.

Continuing, Table 4 lists the incident power and output power of each wavelength range accepted by the third solar cell 22 therein. Wherein, the incident power field is mainly the incident power of the third solar cell 22 of the experimental group of the invention receiving the corresponding wavelength range, and the energy step field is the energy gap of the third solar cell 22 and the column. The ratio of the highest energy (that is, the shortest wavelength) in the wavelength range of the light. The output power field is the product of the input power and the energy level difference.

Since the third solar cell 22 mainly needs to provide a photoelectric effect for light having a wavelength range of 500 nm to 1000 nm, the energy gap of the third solar cell 22 is set to 1.24 eV, that is, not more than the wavelength range of 1000 nm. Energy value. As can be seen from Table 5, the output power of the third solar cell 22 is 0.125 W.

Therefore, the total output power of the experimental group is the sum of the output powers of the first solar cell 22, the second solar cell 22, and the third solar cell 22: 0.059 W + 0.234 W + 0.125 W = 0.42 W, and The total output power of the conventional solar cell module of the control group is 0.38 W, so in the test results, the electric output power of the solar cell light group of the present invention is superior to the electric output power of the conventional solar cell module, and the present invention The light output power of the solar cell module is 1.1 times that of the conventional solar cell module. It is true that the light concentrating on the light converging surface 23 by the concentrator 33 of the present invention first utilizes the difference in refractive index to different wavelengths. The range of light is separated and then separately irradiated to the solar cell 22 of the appropriate energy gap, and a photoelectric effect is generated in the solar cell 22 having a suitable predetermined energy gap, thereby obtaining higher output power.

Furthermore, the total input power of this test is 0.74W, while the total output power of the experimental group is 0.42W, and the total output power of the control group is 0.38W, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the experimental group is 57%, and the photoelectric conversion of the control group. The efficiency is 50%, so in terms of photoelectric conversion efficiency, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell module of the present invention is also 7% higher than that of the current solar cell module.

In summary, the length of the prism 31 of the concentrator 3 of the present invention gradually increases from the first prism, and the angle between the light-receiving surface 311 and the illumination surface 312 is also increased, except that the light can be concentrated on the In addition to the light collecting surface 23, light of different wavelength ranges is separated, and the solar cell 22 with a suitable energy gap can be used to generate photoelectric effect, thereby improving output power and photoelectric conversion efficiency, and reducing light wavelength and solar cell energy. When the gaps do not match, excess waste heat energy is formed, and the life of the solar cell unit is increased, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the scope of the invention and the description of the invention are All remain within the scope of the invention patent.

2. . . Solar cell

twenty one. . . load

twenty two. . . Solar battery

twenty three. . . Light gathering surface

3. . . Light collector

31. . . Mirror

311. . . Light receiving surface

312. . . Refractive surface

P. . . Length of the mirror

P ₁ . . . The length of the first prism

(P ₁₊ P ₂₎ . . . The length of the 1st mirror and the 2nd mirror

P _m . . . Length of the mth mirror

α . . . Angle of the mirror

α _m . . . The angle of the mth prism

X. . . Imaginary axis

f. . . focal length

R. . . The distance from the origin of the imaginary axis to the end of a prism

R _a . . . The distance from the origin of the imaginary axis to the end of a prism

a. . . End point of the light convergence surface

b. . . End point of the light convergence surface

E. . . Light energy

E _g . . . Energy gap

△E. . . Light energy difference

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing that a concentrator of a conventional solar cell module is a convex lens;

2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing that the current collector of the solar cell module is a Fresnel lens;

Figure 3 is an energy level diagram showing that when the light energy E is greater than the energy gap E _{g of} a solar cell, a light energy difference ΔE is generated;

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the solar cell module of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing a prism that satisfies the Fresnel Lenses equation;

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the process of deriving the length of the prism;

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the process of deriving the length of the prism;

Figure 8 is a illuminance diagram illustrating the illuminance distribution of the preferred embodiment and irradiated to a light converging surface when the wavelength of light is 400 nm;

Figure 9 is a illuminance diagram illustrating the illuminance distribution of the light-converging surface irradiated to the light-converging surface by the preferred embodiment at a wavelength of 700 nm;

Figure 10 is a illuminance diagram illustrating the illuminance distribution of the light-converging surface irradiated to the light-converging surface by the preferred embodiment at a wavelength of 900 nm;

Figure 11 is a spectrogram showing the distribution of wavelengths of light received by a solar cell of a control group;

Figure 12 is a spectrogram showing the wavelength range of light received by the first solar cell of an experimental group;

Figure 13 is a spectrogram showing the distribution of wavelengths of light received by the second solar cell of the experimental group; and

Figure 14 is a spectrogram showing the distribution of the wavelength range of light received by the third solar cell of the experimental group.

2. . . Solar cell

twenty one. . . load

twenty two. . . Solar battery

twenty three. . . Light gathering surface

3. . . Light collector

31. . . Mirror

311. . . Light receiving surface

312. . . Refractive surface

P ₁ . . . The length of the first prism

(P ₁₊ P ₂₎ . . . The first Mirror and the first

2. . . Length of the prism

P _m . . . Length of the mth mirror

α _m . . . The angle of the mth prism

X. . . Imaginary axis

Claims (5)

A concentrator for collecting sunlight, comprising: a plurality of prisms each having a light receiving surface and a refractive surface, each of the prisms being a right angle mirror, and the refractive surface being the longest slope of the right angle mirror, The light receiving surfaces of the prisms are connected to each other to form a continuous plane, and the length of the mth prism is defined as P _m , and the angle between the light receiving surface of the mth mirror and the refractive surface is α _m , and the relationship between the length and the angle of the prisms Satisfying P _m >P _m-1 , and α _m >α _m-1 , m>1, so that the sunlight is dispersed by the mirrors, and light of different wavelength ranges is substantially concentrated to the other side of the prisms a light collecting surface is separated according to a wavelength range, and a distance between the planes of the light collecting surfaces and the light receiving surfaces of the prisms is a focal length of the prisms; wherein the first prism is at a light wavelength of λ The refractive index is n _λ and defines the focal length of the prisms as f. The first prism extends in a positive direction from the origin of an imaginary axis, and the light converging surface extends backward from the origin of the imaginary axis to the point. b, the length of the first prism is P ₁ is the equation In the solution of P ₁ , the angle of the first prism is . The concentrator according to claim 1, wherein each of the prisms has a refractive index of n _λ when the illumination wavelength is _λ , and defines a focal length of the prisms as f, and each of the prisms is The imaginary axis extends in a forward direction, and the light converging surface extends from the origin of the imaginary axis to the point b, and defines that the closest distance between the mth prism and the origin of the imaginary axis is M, and the length of the mth mirror P _m is the equation In the solution of P _m , the angle of the mth prism is A solar cell module having a concentrator, comprising: at least one solar cell unit having a light converging surface for generating electric energy after entering the light; and a concentrator for collecting sunlight and comprising a plurality of light receiving surfaces respectively And a prism of a refractive surface, wherein each of the prisms is a right angle mirror, and the refractive surface is a longest slope of the right angle mirror, and the distance between the planes formed by the solar cells to the light receiving surfaces of the prisms is The focal length of the prisms, the light-receiving surfaces of the prisms are connected to each other to form a continuous plane, and the length of the m-th prism is defined as P _m , and the angle between the light-receiving surface of the m-th prism and the refractive surface is α _m , The relationship between the length and the angle of the equal-mirror mirror satisfies P _m >P _m-1 , and α _m >α _m-1 , m>1, so that the sunlight is dispersed by the mirrors to make the light of different wavelength ranges according to the wavelength range. Separated and substantially concentrated to the light converging surface; wherein the first prism of the concentrator has a refractive index of n _λ when the illumination wavelength is _λ , and defines a focal length of the prism as f, the first The prism extends forward from the origin of an imaginary axis from the imaginary axis The origin of the line extends backward to point b, and the length P ₁ of the first prism is an equation In the solution of P ₁ , the angle of the first prism is . The solar cell module with a concentrator according to claim 3, wherein the solar cell unit has a plurality of solar cells each having a different predetermined energy gap. The solar cell module with a concentrator according to claim 3, wherein each of the concentrators of the concentrator has a refractive index of n _λ at an illumination wavelength of _λ , and defines the prisms The focal length is f, each prism extends in a positive direction of an imaginary axis, and the light converging surface extends from the origin of the imaginary axis to the point b, defining the closest distance between the mth mirror and the origin of the imaginary axis For M, the length P _{m of the mth prism} is an equation In the solution of P _m , the angle of the mth prism is