KR101715667B1 - Solar light and heat hybrid system dividing the wavelength of solar light - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a light collecting type solar power generation system, and more particularly, to a hybrid system and method for generating electric power by simultaneously using sunlight and solar heat. A light converging element; spectroscope; Photoelectric device; And arranging the light collecting type solar-thermal hybrid system including the thermoelectric element, the light converging element, the spectroscope, the photoelectric element and the thermoelectric element in order from the bottom; Concentrating solar light using a light converging element; Separating solar light collected by the light converging element by a spectroscope by wavelength; Generating a photovoltaic element by receiving sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a near infrared ray or an infrared ray region separated from the spectroscope; And a step of generating heat by receiving the sunlight of a wavelength corresponding to a visible ray or ultraviolet ray region separated from the spectroscope by the thermoelectric element.
According to the present invention, there is an advantage that the manufacturing cost of the system can be lowered by providing a solar cell having a double junction structure based on near-infrared rays and an advantage of using higher solar heat by separating the wavelength of sunlight.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a solar-light hybrid system and method using wavelength separation,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to a light collecting type solar power generation system, and more particularly, to a hybrid system and method for generating electric power by simultaneously using sunlight and solar heat.

Photovoltaic power generation is a method of generating electricity by converting sunlight into direct current. Solar power uses solar panels with several solar cells attached. As demand for renewable energy increases, production of solar cells and photovoltaic arrays is also increasing. Solar power generation has doubled every two years, growing at an annual average rate of 48% since 2002 and the fastest growing area in the energy technology sector. According to provisional data, at the end of 2007, the global cumulative output was 12,400 MW. In particular, a light-collecting type solar cell system generally has a solar cell tracking function by concentrating light from a lens to several hundred times to a high efficiency solar cell. The convergence type solar system has advantages of high efficiency, low material dependency and low power production unit cost, and the development of high efficiency solar cell with more than 40%, increase of condensation ratio and production automation, Respectively.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-0054507 (solar multimulti-concentrating method and hybrid solar power generation system) collects sunlight to form a high temperature at the focal point, and circulates the heat medium by an absorber installed in the focal point Discloses a system that acquires heat at a high temperature and uses a solar cell to enhance power generation efficiency.

However, since the conventional hybrid system operates by applying the same light receiving surface of the solar cell and the heat collecting plate, the temperature of the portion using the solar heat and the portion using the solar light become similar. When the maximum operating temperature of the solar cell is exceeded, the efficiency is lowered. Therefore, there is a problem that the temperature of the portion using the solar heat, that is, the temperature of the sunlight, must not exceed the operating temperature of the solar cell.

Korea Patent Publication No. 2013-0054507

An object of the present invention is to increase the power generation efficiency of solar light by separating the wavelength of the condensed light to differentiate the light receiving portion between the solar heat and the sunlight and by making the operating temperatures of the photoelectric element and the thermoelectric element individual.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a light-condensing solar-light hybrid system using solar light spectroscopy, comprising: a light-converging element for condensing solar light; A spectroscope for separating the sunlight condensed by the light converging element by wavelength; A photoelectric device for generating power by receiving sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a near-infrared ray or an infrared region separated from the spectroscope; And a thermoelectric element for generating heat by receiving sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a visible light or ultraviolet ray region separated from the spectroscope.

Preferably, the light converging element may include a concave lens that changes the sunlight into a direct sunlight and emits it to the spectroscope.

Preferably, the light converging element operates in a linear light collecting mode for collecting sunlight into a reflector having a constant curvature, and the linear light collecting mode may be configured such that a concave lens, a spectroscope, and a solar cell are formed in a straight line.

Preferably, the light converging element operates in a spot-type light collecting mode for collecting sunlight in a parabolic dish plate, collecting light in a circular shape, and optically and thermoelectrically converting the light, .

Preferably, the photoelectric device includes an optical tray for condensing sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a near-infrared ray or an infrared region separated from the spectroscope; And a solar cell that generates power from the sunlight condensed by the optical tray.

Preferably, the solar cell includes at least one or more semiconductor cells, and the semiconductor cells may be formed in a bonded structure to increase power generation efficiency.

Preferably, the solar cell may be a compound device or a Si (silicon) device.

Preferably, the compound device may be composed of any one of (In) GaAs / Ge, Cu (In) GaSe (S) and CdTe.

Preferably, the thermoelectric element includes a collector for collecting solar light having a wavelength corresponding to a visible light or ultraviolet light region; And a water-cooled tube which receives the solar heat generated by the photoelectric device and changes the temperature of the water. The collector and the water-cooled tube are separated from each other, and the collector can operate irrespective of the maximum operating temperature of the photoelectric device.

Preferably, the light receiving distance from the center of the spectroscope to the center of the photoelectric device can be adjusted, and the operating temperature and power of the solar cell can be adjusted by adjusting the light receiving distance.

Further, the present invention is a light-condensing solar-light solar combined method using solar light spectroscopy, comprising: a light-converging element; spectroscope; Photoelectric device; Arranging the thermoelectric elements and collecting sunlight using a light converging element; Separating solar light collected by the light converging element by a spectroscope by wavelength; Generating a photovoltaic element by receiving sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a near infrared ray or an infrared ray region separated from the spectroscope; And a step of generating heat by receiving the sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a visible ray or ultraviolet ray region separated from the spectroscope by the thermoelectric element.

Preferably, the step of generating power includes the steps of condensing sunlight of a wavelength corresponding to a near-infrared or infrared region separated by the spectroscope into an optical tray; And generating power using the solar cell from the sunlight condensed by the optical tray.

According to the present invention, there is an advantage that a higher solar heat can be utilized by separating the wavelength of sunlight.

Further, the present invention has an advantage in that the manufacturing cost of the system can be lowered by presenting a solar cell having a double junction structure focused on the near-infrared rays.

1 is a schematic view of a light-collecting type solar-solar hybrid system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2A shows a linear light collecting mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2B shows a point light condensing mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a view in which a spectroscope separates a wavelength according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view of a solar cell suitable for a wavelength-division-type hybrid system according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 5 shows a state in which the light receiving distance of the spectroscope and the solar cell is adjusted according to the embodiment of the present invention, and a state in which the light condensation degree and the light receiving width are changed.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of combining a light-collecting type solar-solar array according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to or limited by the exemplary embodiments. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote members performing substantially the same function.

The objects and effects of the present invention can be understood or clarified naturally by the following description, and the purpose and effect of the present invention are not limited by the following description. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light-collecting solar-solar hybrid system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1, the light-collecting solar-light hybrid system 1 may include a light-converging element 10, a spectroscope 30, a photoelectric element 50, and a thermoelectric element 70.

The light converging element 10 can condense sunlight by a condensed reflection plate, a condenser lens or the like. The light converging element 10 may include a concave lens 101 for converting the condensed sunlight into a direct sunlight and outputting it to the spectroscope 30. [ The linear light condensing mode 90 is a mode in which the concave lens 101, the spectroscope 30, and the solar cell 503 are operated in a linear converging mode And may have a configuration in which a cross section formed in a straight line is extended. The light converging element 10 can operate in a point-type condensing mode 91 for condensing the sunlight into a parabolic dish plate. The point light condensing mode 91 collects light in a circular shape and the opto-electronic device 50 and the thermo-electric device 70 can be symmetrically arranged according to the variation of the radius with respect to the center of the circular shape.

FIG. 2A shows a linear light collection mode 90 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B shows a point light collection mode 91 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2A, the linear light condensing mode 90 has a linear shape in which the concave lens 101 and the spectroscope 30 are linearly formed in the wavelength separation system to which the present invention is applied. Assuming that the sunlight is incident linearly, the linear light collecting mode 90 can be regarded as one in which a single incident sunlight is condensed in one cross section, . The linear light condensing mode 90 can condense solar light and enter the photoelectric element 50. The condensed sunlight is incident on the optical tray 501 of the photoelectric element 50 and can generate sunlight and solar heat through the solar cell 503 and the water-cooled tube 703. [

Referring to FIG. 2B, the plate-shaped reflector may be used as the light-converging element 10 in the spot-type condensing mode 91. The spot condensing mode 91 is a mode in which the light converging element 10 is collected in a circular form and the wavelength separating type spectroscope 30 or the concave lens 101 are both symmetrical with respect to the center of the circle It can be made in a changing circular shape. Particularly, in the case of the tunable type, the near infrared ray region to the infrared ray region are gathered at the circle of the middle region, and this portion is the portion where the solar cell 503 is installed to receive the sunlight and the remaining portion except for the center circle, The light collecting unit 701 may be a part for receiving solar heat.

The spectroscope 30 serves to separate the sunlight collected in the light converging element 10 by the length of the wavelength. FIG. 3 is a view in which a spectroscope 30 separates wavelengths according to an embodiment of the present invention. The spectroscope 30 may use a diffraction grating or interference, and may use a prism, but it is not limited to this, and it shows means for spectrally separating light by wavelength. In the present invention, the spectroscope 30 can measure the spectrum of light using a prism. Referring to FIG. 3, when the sunlight is condensed and enters the spectroscope 30, the refractive index differs according to the wavelength of the light, and the light is split to the right and left of the spectroscope 30. As shown in FIG. 3, the wavelengths of the sunlight can be divided into different regions according to the length of the wavelengths, as shown in FIG. 3, though there may be slight differences depending on the medium or the incident angle of the spectroscope 30. Therefore, the infrared ray having a relatively long wavelength has a low refractive index, so that the image is formed at the center portion, and ultraviolet rays and visible rays are formed at both sides of the infrared rays. This can be used in the photoelectric element 50 and the thermoelectric element 70 described below.

The photoelectric element 50 includes an optical tray 501 for collecting sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a near infrared ray or an infrared ray region separated from the spectroscope 30 and an optical system for generating power from the sunlight condensed by the optical tray 501 And a battery 503. The optical tray 501 serves to collect the sunlight separated by the spectroscope 30 into the solar cell 503 as described above. The optical tray 501 may include a means for focusing the light, generally acting as a guide for the parallel light emerging from the spectroscope 30.

4 is a view of a solar cell 503 suitable for a wavelength-division type hybrid system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The solar cell 503 includes at least one semiconductor cell 505, and the semiconductor cell 505 may be formed as a junction structure to increase power generation efficiency. Referring to FIG. 4, a graph (A) shows a general high-efficiency triple junction solar cell 503, and a graph on the left side shows a single junction solar cell 503 using three semiconductor layers 505 corresponding to triple junction ), The optimum voltage and current curves for each semiconductor cell 505 are shown. As shown in the graph on the left, the InGaP semiconductor cell 505 has a relatively large voltage but a relatively small current compared to the GaAs semiconductor cell 505 and the Ge semiconductor cell 505. Also, the solar light received through the anti-reflection coating (ARC) layer in the figure (A) may obtain a voltage current by each semiconductor cell 505, and they may be connected in series by a tunnel junction. Therefore, in the case of a series connection, the total voltage and the total current can be expressed by the following equation.

[Mathematical Expression]

은 InGaP, GaAs, Ge 층으로부터 얻어진 전류 중 가장 작은 쪽의 전류와 일치하므로, 각 셀별로 전류를 같게 하기 위한 구조적 개선이 필요할 수 있다. 상대적으로 InGaP층으로부터 생성된 전류가 적으므로 InGaP 층의 두께를 늘리고 GaAs층의 두께를 줄이는 등 최적 구조를 산출할 필요가 있다.At this time,

Is equal to the smallest current among the currents obtained from the InGaP, GaAs, and Ge layers, a structural improvement may be required to make the currents equal for each cell. Since the current generated from the InGaP layer is relatively small, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the InGaP layer and to reduce the thickness of the GaAs layer.

On the other hand, FIG. 4 (b) shows a double junction structure without an InGaP layer with a GaAs / Ge double junction structure. Figure (b) shows that current loss is relatively small compared to Figure (a) because there is no InGaP layer. Particularly, in the case of the tunable solar cell 503, it can be divided into infrared rays, visible rays, and ultraviolet rays according to the refractive index of the wavelength by the spectroscope 30 as described above. In the ultraviolet ray and visible ray region The high energy is used as the solar heat, and the near infrared and infrared regions can be used for the power generation by the solar cell 503. In this case, since the InGaP layer can absorb sunlight having a wavelength in the visible light region, a double junction structure using a GaAs / Ge semiconductor cell 505 capable of absorbing the wavelengths of the near-infrared region and the infrared region, Of the solar cell 503 may be used.

The solar cell 503 may be a compound device or a Si device, and the compound device may be composed of any one of (In) GaAs / Ge, Cu (In) GaSe (S) and CdTe. The solar cell 503 may be composed of a group III-V compound and the semiconductor cell 505 may be formed by mixing Group III (In, Ga, Al) and Group V (As, P) . The InGaP thin film is used for the solar cell 503 in the visible light band (600 nm) or less, the (In) GaAs thin film is used for the near infrared ray band (800 nm) or less, and Ge can be used for the infrared band (1600 nm) or less.

The III-V compound semiconductor cell 505 is easy to manufacture a thin film having various band gap energies and has a direct bandgap structure, so that the light absorption rate is higher than that of silicon. Also, by using the above-described tunnel junction, the solar cell 503 having various band gaps can be connected in series while minimizing the optical loss and the electric loss, so that the multi-junction solar cell (503).

The tunnel junction connecting the solar cells 503 having various absorption bands may be fabricated using a III-V compound semiconductor cell 505 which is the same material as the solar cell 503 and the multi junction solar cell 503, It is possible to manufacture the multi-junction solar cell 503 in a single process at the time of manufacturing.

Tunnel junctions can have a pn junction structure in which P ++ layers and N ++ layers are doped with highly doped pn junction structures and can generate current flow by tunneling. When the semiconductor cell 505 is stacked, the solar cell 503 can have the same characteristics as the case of inserting a tunnel junction and connecting a conductor having a very small resistance between the solar cells 503.

The thermoelectric element 70 includes a collector 701 for collecting solar light having a wavelength corresponding to a visible light or ultraviolet light region; And a water-cooled tube 703 that receives the solar heat generated by the photoelectric element 50 and changes the temperature of the water. The collector 701 and the water-cooled tube 703 are separated from each other, and the collector 701 can operate independently of the maximum operating temperature of the photoelectric element 50. In the present invention, the maximum operating temperature of the solar cell 503 of the opto-electronic device 50 may be set to 60 占 폚 for III-V group and 40 占 폚 for silicon. When the solar cell 503 is operated beyond the set temperature, the efficiency may be lowered. However, in the present invention in which the wavelength is separated, the solar cell 503 may operate at a temperature higher than the set temperature.

The thermoelectric element 70 is formed to have a wider width than the photoelectric element 50, and can receive sunlight. The thermoelectric element 70 can directly use solar heat, such as a boiler, or produce electric energy with a steam-type engine.

FIG. 5 shows a state in which the light receiving distance 303 of the spectroscope 30 and the solar cell 503 is adjusted according to the embodiment of the present invention, and a state in which the light condensation degree and the light receiving width 301 are changed. 5, the light receiving distance 303 from the center of the spectroscope 30 to the center of the photoelectric element 50 can be adjusted. By controlling the light receiving distance 303, the operating temperature of the solar cell 503 and the power Can be adjusted.

The sunlight incident at a constant slit spacing is separated into spectroscopes 30 according to wavelengths, and the power efficiency of the solar cell 503 can be increased as the degree of condensation increases. In this case, the light condensing degree of the solar cell 503 and the light receiving width 301 of the collector 701 can be represented differently according to the light receiving distance 303, as shown in the following equation.

[Mathematical Expression]

(n = 2, 3, 4, 5 …)Scale Wide:

(n = 2, 3, 4, 5 ...)

(n = 2, 3, 4, 5 …)
Concentration of light:

(n = 2, 3, 4, 5 ...)

Hereinafter, the light-gathering type solar-light solar combined method using the above-described system will be described in detail. FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of combining a light-collecting type solar-solar array according to an embodiment of the present invention.

It is possible to operate a linear light collecting mode 90 for collecting sun light with a reflector having a constant curvature or a point light collecting mode 91 for collecting the sun light with a parabolic plate, .

The light collecting type solar-light heating method using sunlight spectroscopy can arrange the light collecting element 10, the spectroscope 30, the photoelectric element 50 and the thermoelectric element 70 in order from the bottom. Although the light-converging element 10 shown in FIG. 1 is shown at the top, since the solar light is incident in the direction of the ground, the light-converging element 10 is disposed at the bottom when it is actually installed on the ground. Thus, the arrangement can be reversed with respect to FIG.

The solar light is condensed by using the light converging element 10 in step S10 and the sunlight condensed on the light converging element 10 by the spectroscope 30 can be separated by wavelength.

The solar light of a wavelength corresponding to the near infrared ray or infrared ray region is collected by the optical tray 501 in step S30 and the solar cell 503 in the photoelectric element 50 is collected To generate power (S40).

The solar heat of the collector 701 is collected by the spectroscope 30 by the wavelength and the solar heat of the wavelength corresponding to the visible or ultraviolet region is collected by the collector 701 in step S50 And can generate heat by receiving it (S60). The electric energy and the thermal energy can be produced by the above-described method using the light-collecting solar-light solar combined method.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. will be. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be determined by all changes or modifications derived from the scope of the appended claims and equivalents of the following claims.

1: Condensing type solar-solar complex system
10: light converging element 30: spectroscope
50: photoelectric element 70: thermoelectric element
90: Linear condensing mode 91: Spot condensing mode
101: concave lens 301:
303: Light receiving distance 501: Optical tray
503: Solar cell 505: Semiconductor cell
507: Solar module 701: Collector
703: Water-cooling tube 705: Solar module

Claims (12)

In a light-collecting solar-light-heat hybrid system using sunlight spectroscopy,
A condensing element for condensing the sunlight;
A spectroscope for separating the sunlight focused on the light converging element by wavelength;
A photoelectric device for generating power by receiving sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a near infrared ray or an infrared region separated from the spectroscope; And
And a thermoelectric element for generating heat by receiving solar light having a wavelength corresponding to a visible light or ultraviolet light region separated from the spectroscope,
In the photoelectric device,
An optical tray for condensing sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a near-infrared ray or an infrared region separated from the spectroscope; And
And a solar cell that generates electric power from the sunlight condensed by the optical tray,
In the solar cell,
At least one semiconductor cell,
The semiconductor cells are formed in a bonded structure to increase the power generation efficiency,
The thermoelectric element includes:
A collector for collecting solar light having a wavelength corresponding to the visible light or ultraviolet light; And
And a water-cooled tube for receiving the solar heat generated by the photoelectric device to change the temperature of the water,
Wherein the collector and the water-cooled tube are separated from each other, and the collector can operate independently of the maximum operating temperature of the photoelectric device.
The method according to claim 1,
The light-
And a concave lens for converting the sunlight into a direct sunlight and outputting the sunlight to the spectroscope.
3. The method of claim 2,
The light-
Wherein the linear light collecting mode is a mode in which the concave lens, the spectroscope, and the solar cell are extended in a linear cross section. Concentrated Solar - Solar Complex System.
3. The method of claim 2,
The light-
The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell module is a solar cell module. The solar cell modules operate in a spot-type condensing mode for collecting the sunlight in a parabolic dish plate, collecting light in a circular shape, Wherein the light source is a solar-light hybrid system.
delete delete The method according to claim 1,
In the solar cell,
A compound element or a Si (silicon) element.
The method of claim 7, wherein
Wherein the compound device is formed of any one of (In) GaAs / Ge, Cu (In) GaSe (S) and CdTe.
delete The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 7, and 8,
The light receiving distance from the center of the spectroscope to the center of the photoelectric device can be adjusted,
Wherein the operating temperature of the solar cell and the power of the solar cell can be adjusted by adjusting the light receiving distance.
A method of concentrating sunlight-solar heat using sunlight spectroscopy,
Arranging a light-converging element, a spectroscope, a photoelectric element and a thermoelectric element, and concentrating the sunlight using the light-converging element;
Separating solar light collected by the light converging element by wavelengths by the spectroscope;
Generating the electric power by receiving the solar light having a wavelength corresponding to a near infrared ray or infrared region separated from the spectroscope; And
And generating heat by receiving the sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a visible light or ultraviolet ray region separated from the spectroscope by the thermoelectric element,
The step of generating the power comprises:
Focusing the sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a near-infrared ray or an infrared region separated by the spectroscope into an optical tray; And
And generating electric power from the sunlight condensed by the optical tray by using the solar cell,
Wherein the step of generating heat comprises:
And a step of changing the temperature of the water by receiving solar heat generated in the photoelectric device.
delete

Images