TWI474164B - 自同級裝置及雲端之差異式檔案及系統復原 - Google Patents
自同級裝置及雲端之差異式檔案及系統復原 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本發明係關於自同級裝置及雲端之差異式檔案及系統復原之方法。
隨著計算裝置越來越流行並開始在一般大眾中廣泛使用,這些裝置所產生及利用之資料量迅速增加。舉例而言,最近在計算及資料儲存技術方面的進步,已使得即便是形狀因數最受限制之裝置亦能夠儲存及處理大量資訊,以用於各種大流量資料應用程式,諸如文件編輯、媒體處理等等。此外,最近在通信技術方面之進步可使計算裝置能夠高速傳送資料。此等進步除導致衍生其他技術之外,亦導致實施分散式計算服務,該實施可舉例而言使用一網路上多個位置處之計算裝置進行。此外,這些進步已使得能夠實現諸如基於網路之備份等服務,此類服務允許一計算裝置之使用者在一網路上一遠端位置處,維護與該計算裝置關聯之一或多個資料備份副本。
現有系統及/或資料備份解決方案使一使用者能夠將備份資訊儲存於一與其初始源分離之位置及/或媒體中。因此,舉例而言,可將來自一計算裝置之資料自一硬碟機備份至外部媒體,諸如磁帶機、外部硬碟機等等。然而,在一可用於提供實體上之遠端位置以用於儲存備份資料之基於網路之備份及/或其他解決方案之實現中,與使用者資料在一使用者機器及一遠端儲存位置之間之傳輸及復原相關聯之成本及複雜性,可能會大大限制一備份系統之效用。舉例而言,在備份資料儲存於一遠端網路位置之情況下,與一檔案及/或系統映像之一初始複本之各自版本相關聯之資料可被傳輸至遠端儲存器,其中各自版本可以後擷取以用於復原。然而,在這種實例中,相當數量之資料大體上透過網路傳輸,由此消耗昂貴之頻寬。鑒於上述事實,吾人期望以改良之效率實施基於網路之備份技術。
以下展示所主張標的之一簡化彙總,以便為所主張標的之某些態樣提供基本的瞭解。本「發明內容」並非所主張標的之一詳盡概述。其既非意欲辨識所主張標的之重要或關鍵元素,亦非意欲描繪所主張標的之範圍。其唯一目的是以一簡化形式展示所主張標的某些概念,以作為下面所展示之更詳細說明之一序部。
本文提供了促進基於網路之備份系統之高效復原技術的系統及方法。可利用一基於差異的分析,以便對於一待復原項目之一特定版本之既定復原,在透過網路傳輸資料之前,計算一或多個遠端備份位置與一備份用戶端之間新的完整差異。舉例而言,可藉由比較對應於位於該備份用戶端上之待復原項目之一目前版本之簽章,與對應於位於該遠端備份位置處之一所需版本之簽章,來在該備份用戶端及該遠端備份位置兩處均計算差異。基於該計算差異,可僅對該項目之目前版本及其所需版本之間被判定為唯一之組塊進行傳輸,藉此降低復原潛時以及所使用之網路頻寬。自一遠端備份位置獲得之唯一組塊,一旦獲得,即可隨後將其與已經位於該備份用戶端之項目之目前版本中存在之非唯一組塊合併,以獲得該完全復原版本。
依據一態樣,可使用一混合架構,其中進行一復原所需之簽章及/或資料可自一位於一網路或網際網路(例如,一「雲端」)中之全域位置,以及自一或多個與該備份用戶端所在機器相關聯之同級機器,而提供給一備份用戶端。因此,一備份用戶端可自該雲端或一鄰近同級裝置獲得用於執行一復原所必需之某些或全部資訊,從而進一步降低潛時及頻寬耗用。在一實例中,對於用於儲存及/或擷取備份資訊之位置之選擇,可基於諸如網路位置之可用性、相對負荷、網路拓樸等等因數而以一智慧型及自動之方式選定。
以下說明及附圖詳細闡釋了所主張標的之某些示意性態樣。然而,此等態樣僅係指示可以利用所主張標的之該等原理之各種方式中之其中幾個,且所主張標的意欲涵蓋所有這些態樣及其等效項。所主張標的之其他優點及特徵將自以下對所主張標的之詳細說明同時結合該等圖式來考慮而變得顯而易見。
現在參照該等圖式對所主張標的進行說明,其中類似元件符號在全文中用於指示類似元件。在以下說明中,出於說明之目的而闡釋了眾多特定細節,以便為所主張標的提供透徹理解。然而,顯而易見,可實踐所主張標的而無需此等特定細節。在其他實施例中,為便於說明所主張標的,吾人熟習之結構及裝置以方塊圖形式顯示。
如本申請案中所用,「組件」、「模組」、「系統」、「介面」、「結構描述」、「演算法」等詞大體上意欲指一電腦相關實體,其可為硬體、硬體及軟體之一組合、軟體,或執行中之軟體。舉例而言,一組件可係,但並不限於,一運行於一處理器上之處理序、一處理器、一物件、一可執行檔、一執行緒、一程式,及/或一電腦。藉由圖解說明之方式,運行於一控制器上之一應用程式及該控制器均可係一組件。一或多個組件可駐留於一處理序及/或執行緒內,而一組件可區域化於一電腦上及/或分散於兩個或兩個以上電腦之間。
此外,所主張標的可使用標準程式設計及/或工程技術作為一方法、設備,或製品實施,以產生軟體、韌體、硬體,或其任一組合,用以控制一電腦以實施所揭示標的。如本文中所使用之「製品」一詞意欲涵蓋一電腦程式,其可自任何電腦可讀取裝置、載體或媒體存取。舉例而言,電腦可讀媒體可包含但不限於磁儲存裝置(例如,硬磁碟、磁碟片、磁條...)、光碟(例如,光碟(CD)、數位通用光碟(DVD)...)、智慧卡,及快閃記憶體裝置(例如,記憶卡、記憶棒、隨身碟...)。此外應理解,可使用載波承載電腦可讀取電子資料,諸如用於傳輸及接收電子郵件或存取網路(諸如網際網路或區域網路(LAN))之載波。當然,熟習此項技術者將認識到,可在所主張標的之範疇或精神內對此組態進行許多修改。
此外,「例示性」一詞在本文中用於充當一範例、實例或說明。本文中所說明為「例示性」之任何態樣或設計,其不一定將被視為相對其他態樣或設計較佳或有利。相反,使用「例示性」一詞意欲以一具體方式展示概念。如本申請案中所用之「或」一詞,意欲指一包含性的「或」,而非一互斥性之「或」。即,除非另行指定,或自上下文所明確,「X利用A或B」意欲指任何自然包含性排列。即,如果X利用A,X利用B,或X利用A及B,則在任何上述實施例之下,均滿足「X利用A或B」。此外,除非另行指定或自上下文所明確為導向一單數形式,如本申請案及所附申請專利範圍中所用之冠詞「一」應大體上被解釋為指示「一或多個」。
現參照該等圖式,第1圖說明一根據本文所述各種態樣用於自備份資訊進行一差異式復原之系統100之方塊圖。在一實例中,系統100可用於將檔案、系統映像,及/或其他資料自駐留於一用戶端電腦上之一目前版本復原至駐留於一備份系統上之一所需版本,該用戶端電腦實施及/或以其他方式與系統100相關聯。
依據一態樣,系統100可與一基於網路之或線上備份解決方案(例如,一雲端備份系統,如下文之進一步詳述)結合使用,該解決方案將來自一用戶端電腦之備份資訊儲存在該用戶端電腦與之關聯之一網路或網際網路上一或多個遠端儲存位置處。習知線上備份解決方案藉由在一遠端儲存位置維護在各種時間點自一備份用戶端處獲得之一組檔案而操作。隨後,藉由根據請求自該儲存位置擷取一或多個檔案而進行復原。然而,可瞭解,以此方式自一線上備份系統復原資訊,可能會耗用過長時間及/或過量之頻寬在與自線上備份儲存器擷取完整檔案相關聯之操作上。此外,可瞭解,這些系統大體上擷取完整檔案以用於復原操作,甚至在舉例而言在一儲存於該用戶端之目前版本與在該遠端位置處之所需版本之間,一既定檔案中僅有一小部分資料發生過變更之情況下,其亦擷取完整之檔案。舉例而言,在某些情況下,這些系統經組態以擷取一完整檔案,甚至當該檔案在該用戶端之目前版本與將要擷取之版本僅在名稱及/或中繼資料上不同時,亦將如此擷取。
其他習知線上備份解決方案可提供增量式遠端儲存,其舉例而言藉由以下方式進行:儲存資訊之一初始版本,隨後儲存反映對該初始版本之變更的增量更新,而非儲存該資訊之多個完整版本。然而,按照習知方式,增量更新以累積方式在這些系統中儲存及擷取,從而對於一希望跨越多個以前版本而回復一檔案或其他資訊之備份用戶端,其必需擷取與該資訊回復所跨越之每一以前版本對應之增量更新。在某些情況下,版本之間變更量可能很大,這可能導致要在網路上傳送大量資訊,並導致即使目前版本與所需版本之間之淨變更相對較小,而結果亦需佔用大量頻寬及/或時間。
因此,為提高效率並降低與自遠端儲存之備份資訊復原相關之時間及頻寬耗用要求,系統100可促進資訊之差異式復原。更特定而言,當使用者期望復原一或多個檔案之一以前版本時,可使用一差分組件110在所需版本與該使用者機器目前儲存之一目前版本之間進行一差分。依據一態樣,差分組件110不是復原用於該(等)檔案及所有關聯備份之整個生存期之一增量式差異更新過程,而是可利用一組簽章及/或其他指示器,以僅判定在所需版本與目前版本之間存在之唯一片斷或組塊,而無需復原任何增量過程。
依據另一態樣,辨識一目前檔案版本與一所需版本之間之唯一組塊清單後,可使用一組塊位置組件120辨識該等唯一組塊在一關聯網路上之各自位置。因此可瞭解,相對於習知線上備份解決方案,系統100所進行之復原過程藉由僅辨識、定位及/或擷取一檔案中判定已自一既定檔案之所需版本變更為其目前版本之組塊或片斷,可降低潛時及頻寬要求並增加效能。
在一實例中,組塊位置組件120可利用與各自組塊在一關聯網路上之位置相關之一對映、索引及/或其他中繼資料,以擷取在目前與所需檔案版本之間判定為不同之各自組塊。在另一實例中,組塊位置組件120可以一智慧型及/或自動之方式定位組塊,以發現一阻力最小的路徑以用於獲得各自組塊。因此,舉例而言,組塊位置組件120可利用諸如網路可用性、負載等因數,來判定一最有效方式以用於獲得檔案片斷或組塊。藉由特定實例之方式,組塊位置組件120可能判定一既定組塊同時位於網際網路上之一雲端儲存位置,及與一區域網路相關聯之一或多個同級機器上。在這種實例中,組塊位置組件120可促進自最近之可用同級裝置擷取組塊,以促進提高擷取速度及節省網路頻寬,而僅當無同級裝置可用時,才退回至該雲端。下文將進一步詳細提供可用於一點對點及/或基於雲端之儲存架構之實現實例。
依據一附加態樣,在組塊位置組件120辨識對應於一既定檔案之各自唯一組塊位置之後,可使用一復原組件130自組塊位置組件120給出之該等位置提取該等所辨識組塊,並基於該等擷取之組塊復原該檔案之所需版本。在一實例中,可藉由組塊位置組件120設定復原組件130從中擷取各自所辨識組塊之位置。或者,組塊位置組件120可提供一或多個既定組塊所在位置之清單,根據該清單,復原組件130可基於可用性、負載、頻寬考量及/或其他適當因數,以一自動方式選擇一從中擷取該(等)組塊之位置。舉例而言,組塊位置組件120可向復原組件130提供既定組塊所在之一或多個同級裝置,以及在網際網路上之一雲端儲存系統上之一對應位置,且復原組件130可在擷取組塊時盡可能重點利用同級機器,以節省頻寬及降低潛時。
已經藉由復原組件130擷取對應於一檔案之一所需版本之所辨識組塊之後,復原組件130可藉由合併該等所擷取組塊與已經本機存在於該檔案之目前版本中之該等非唯一組塊,而重新建立該檔案之所需版本。重新建立一檔案之所需版本可舉例而言使用一反向差異演算法執行,其中目前版本相對所需版本之變更通過使用所獲得之對應於該檔案之目前版本與所需版本之間差異之組塊來除去。然而,應瞭解,復原組件130可使用任何適當演算法來執行檔案復原,該演算法用於合併一目前檔案版本及與一所需檔案版本相關聯之唯一檔案片斷。此外,應瞭解,組塊或檔案片斷之建構、辨識及/或使用可藉由系統100以任何適當方式執行,且除非另行顯式表述,本文所附申請專利範圍無意僅限於檔案分段或復原之任何特定實例。
現參照第2圖,圖中說明了一根據各種態樣用於產生備份資訊之系統200。如第2圖中所示,系統200可包含一備份組件210,其可產生並促進儲存檔案、系統快照,及/或與備份用戶端電腦相關聯之其他資訊的備份副本。在一實例中,備份組件210可駐留於待備份之用戶端資訊所在的機器上,及/或自該機器進行操作。作為補充或替代,備份組件210可駐留於一完全不同之計算裝置上(例如,作為一遠端執行組件)。在一實例中,備份組件210可用於在觸發一或多個事件(例如,修改一檔案)時,及/或基於任何其他適當激活準則,以一規則時間間隔備份一組檔案及/或其他資訊。
依據一態樣,備份一檔案可藉由備份組件210以一增量之方式進行,以便降低用於實施系統200所需之頻寬及/或儲存空間數量。舉例而言,這可藉由首先使用一分段組件212將一待備份之檔案劃分為各自檔案片斷(例如,組塊、區塊等)來完成。在一實例中,一檔案之片斷化或區塊化可藉由分段組件212以一有助於移除各自檔案片斷之重複的方式執行。舉例而言,在一特定、非限制性實例(如第3圖中之系統300所示)中,一分段組件310可將一檔案之一第一版本(例如,版本A 302)劃分為一組均勻及/或非均勻組塊(在第3圖中表示為A1至A4)。隨後,在偵測到對該檔案(例如,對版本B 304)之一修改時,分段組件310可以一種與分段版本A 302一致之方式對該檔案重新分段,以便可易於辨識該檔案中在版本A 302至版本B 304之間狀態不同之任何組塊。舉例而言,如第3圖中所示,版本B 304含有一組塊,其在版本B 304中表示為B1,該組塊在版本A 302至版本B 304之間已發生變更。
在一檔案之一更新版本中偵測到唯一組塊時,分段組件310(及類似地,系統200中之分段組件212)可促進增量式儲存對應於一檔案之新的及/或變更之組塊,以及與該檔案之各自版本之間的變更相關之其他資訊。如系統300中進一步所示,亦可執行本文中大體上稱作增量或Delta更新之此等更新,以促進儲存與添加新的檔案組塊(例如,在版本C 306中添加組塊C1)、移除檔案組塊(例如,在版本D 308中刪除組塊A4)、及/或任何其他適當檔案操作及/或修改相關之資訊。
返回第2圖中之系統200,產生對應於一檔案之組塊或片斷時,可向一片斷分散組件214提供對應於各自檔案及/或檔案更新之各種組塊。片斷分散組件214接著可在一或多個網路儲存位置之一或多個片斷儲存器220中分散該等組塊。舉例而言,片斷儲存器220可與一區域網路中之同級機器、一雲端儲存服務及/或另一適當之以網際網路為基礎的儲存位置,及/或任何其他儲存站台相關聯。下文將進一步詳細描述用於在網路儲存位置中分散資訊之技術。
依據一態樣,備份組件210可此外使用一簽章產生組件216以產生簽章資訊,其對應於如藉由該分段組件212分段之一或多個檔案及/或其版本。舉例而言,如第3圖中之圖300所示,可使用一簽章產生組件320以產生對應於一特定檔案之各自版本302-308之各自簽章322-328。作為補充或替代,藉由簽章產生組件216產生之簽章可對應於單個組塊、組塊組(例如,一檔案中之組塊及/或對一檔案之一增量更新)、整個檔案及/或檔案版本,及/或任何其他適當分組。藉由特定、非限制性實例之方式,各自組塊可預先設定成一均勻大小(例如,4千位元組(KB)),且各自簽章可經組態以表示預定均勻數目(例如,12)之組塊。然而,應瞭解,可利用任何適當組塊大小及/或簽章結構。
在一實例中,可使用一藉由簽章產生組件216建立之簽章以辨識存在於一檔案之一既定版本中之該等組塊或片斷。此外,分段組件212可經組態以在一檔案之各自版本中一致地執行分段,以便為一檔案之各自版本產生之簽章指示各自版本之間之變更。因此,可如第4圖中之系統400所示而辨識一檔案之一目前版本與一所需版本之間之一組唯一組塊。
如第4圖所示,一差分組件420可與其關聯及/或以其他方式經組態以獲得一對應於一待復原檔案之一目前版本之簽章424。當判定需要將該檔案重新復原至一既定之先前版本時,一簽章源410可提供一與所需版本關聯之對應簽章。然後,一比較器組件422可基於與這兩個版本關聯之該等簽章,而比較各自簽章以獲得在所需版本與目前版本之間唯一之組塊的辨識身分。因此,可瞭解,在一實例中,比較器組件420可執行一基於簽章的差分,以判定成功復原一既定檔案所需之各自唯一組塊之辨識身分。在另一實例中,簽章源410可與一差分組件420與之關聯之裝置及/或另一適當裝置(例如,一雲端服務提供者、一同級裝置或超級同儕等)相關聯。藉由非限制性實例之方式,簽章源410可作為一版本列表索引而實現,該版本列表索引跟蹤一關聯系統及其對應簽章中之各自資訊版本。在一實例中,這種索引可分散於複數個網路位置,諸如該關聯系統中之同級裝置、超級同儕,或雲端儲存位置。然而,應瞭解,這種實現只是一可利用之實現之一實例,除非另行顯式表述,本文所附申請專利範圍無意僅限於這種實現。
現參照第5圖,該圖說明根據各種態樣一用於實施混合基於雲端的及點對點備份儲存之系統500之方塊圖。如第5圖所示,系統500可包含一分段組件510,其可產生對應於一如上所述之檔案及/或其各自版本之檔案片斷或組塊。在一實例中,可將藉由分段組件510產生之組塊提供至一片斷分散組件520,該片斷分散組件可向一或多個關聯儲存位置提供各自組塊。
依據一態樣,系統500可利用一混合點對點(P2P)及基於雲端的架構,以便片斷分散組件520可使得用於進行一復原操作之資料片段及/或與其相關之簽章在一或多個受信任同級裝置(諸如同級裝置532及/或超級同儕534)以及一或多個雲端儲存位置536可用。如系統500中進一步所示,可此外操縱同級裝置532、超級同儕534、及/或雲端儲存器536,以在其彼此之間傳送檔案片斷、簽章及/或其他資訊。此外,可瞭解,分段組件510、片斷分散組件520,及/或任何其他系統500之組件可此外與一或多個同級裝置532、超級同儕534或與雲端儲存器536相關聯之實體相關聯。下文將提供有關藉之可利用同級裝置532、超級同儕534,及雲端儲存器536之技術的進一步詳細資訊,以及有關此類實體在一混合架構內之功能的進一步詳細資訊。
依據另一態樣,片斷分散組件520可包含及/或以其他方式與一索引編制組件522相關聯,該索引編制組件可維護一索引,其列出在由分段組件510產生之組塊與該等組塊已被分散至之對應位置之間之各自對映關係。在一實例中,此索引可與其中所表示之組塊一起分散至一或多個同級裝置532、超級同儕534,或雲端儲存位置536。應可瞭解,可將整個索引分散至一或多個位置,或者可將索引本身分段並分散於多個位置之中。
依據一附加態樣,片斷分散組件520可此外視需要包含一網路分析器組件524,其可分析一與系統500相關聯之計算網路以判定一或多個用於分散各自組塊、索引、索引片斷或諸如此類之位置。在一實例中,網路分析器組件524可基於網路負載、儲存位置可用性(例如,基於裝置活動等級、電源開啟或電源關閉狀態、各自位置處之可用儲存空間等)或諸如此類,為待分散之資訊選擇一或多個目的地。舉例而言,這樣做的目的可以是平衡各種資料之可用性與最佳位置。
如系統500進一步所示,網路分析器組件524可此外使用一機器學習及推理(MLR)組件526,以促進智慧型、自動化選擇各自資訊之儲存位置。在一實例中,MLR組件526可利用任何適當人工智慧(AI)、機器學習,及/或本項技術中眾所公知之其他演算法。如用於本說明之「智慧」一詞係指推理或得出結論之能力,例如,基於有關系統之現有資訊推斷該系統之目前或未來狀態。人工智慧可用於辨識一特定上下文或操作,或產生一系統之特定狀態之一機率分佈,而無需人工介入。人工智慧依賴於將進階數字演算法(例如,決策樹、神經網路,回歸分析、從集分析、基因演算法,及強化學習)應用於系統上之一組可用資料(資訊)。舉例而言,一或多個眾多方法可用於自資料中學習,然後從由此建構之模型得出推斷,例如:隱藏Markov模型(HMM)及相關原型相依模型;更一般之概率圖模型,諸如貝葉斯網路(例如,使用一貝葉斯模型分數或近似藉由結構搜尋所建立);線性分類器,諸如支援向量機(SVM);非線性分類器,諸如被稱作「神經網路」方法之方法、模糊邏輯方法,及根據實施本文所述各種自動態樣之其他方法(其執行資料融合等)。
參照第6圖,該圖說明根據各種態樣一用於在一混合基於雲端的及點對點備份架構中進行一差異式復原之系統600。如系統600所示,可利用一混合P2P/雲端備份架構,其中對應於一或多個計算裝置之備份資料分散於一或多個同級機器610或640及/或一或多個超級同儕機器650,以及一或多個雲端儲存位置660中。
在一實例中,同級機器640可包含各自組塊儲存器642,其可用於接收及維護一組對應於一或多個檔案或各自檔案之Delta更新之組塊。舉例而言,檔案及/或其更新可與一復原同級裝置610(例如,如藉由一分段組件510所建立並藉由一片斷分散組件520所分散者)相關聯。此外,儘管系統600中未圖解說明,但一復原同級裝置610可此外或作為替代包含一組塊儲存器,以用於本機儲存對應於本機駐留於復原同級裝置610之檔案及/或檔案之Delta更新之一或多個組塊。
在另一實例中,系統600中之一或多個超級同儕650可更包含一組塊儲存器652以及一檔案組塊索引654,其可提供儲存於系統600內之檔案組塊及其各自位置之一主清單(例如,如藉由一索引編制組件522所建立)。儘管檔案組塊索引654被描述為定位於系統600中之超級同儕650處,但應理解,某些或所有檔案組塊索引654可此外或作為替代定位於一或多個同級裝置610及/或640處以及雲端儲存器660處。
依據一態樣,當辨識需要自一駐留於一復原同級裝置610處之資訊版本復原至一以前版本時,可根據上述各種態樣在駐留於該復原同級裝置610之版本及所需版本之間進行一基於簽章的差分,以判定該等版本之間不匹配之一或多個組塊的辨識身分。遵照簽章比較,一組塊位置組件620可利用一索引查詢組件622以自檔案組塊索引654及/或任何其他適當源獲得中繼資料,該等適當源係指向如位於復原同級裝置610之待復原資訊版本與所需版本之間判定為唯一之組塊之各自位置。
基於藉由索引查詢組件622獲得之該等位置,組塊位置組件620及/或一復原組件630可自其於組塊儲存器642或652、組塊儲存器662及/或系統600內之任何其他適當儲存位置內之對應位置,提取該等唯一組塊。一旦獲得該等組塊,可隨後將其與已經存在於待復原資訊之目前版本中之該等非唯一組塊合併,以重新建立所需版本。因此,在一實例中,藉由在一目前檔案版本與一待復原檔案版本之間進行一基於簽章的差分,可獨立於增量更新而藉由僅提取該等版本之間不同之該等位元或組塊而進行復原。在一實例中,可能判定(例如,藉由索引查詢組件622或以其他方式)一或多個組塊已經本機存在於復原同級裝置610中(例如,由於該等組塊係復原同級裝置610處之一或多個其他檔案之一部分)。在此種情況下,可利用該等判定之本機組塊,而不是自系統600中之一或多個其他位置提取該等組塊。
因此,藉由雲端儲存器660中圖解說明之特定實例,一檔案之各自版本(記為「初始」版本及後續版本「Y」及「Z」)可與連續版本(例如,「初始」及「Y」、「Y」及「Z」等)之間之增量更新一起儲存。隨後,如果一使用者期望自版本Z復原該檔案之初始版本,可利用一基於簽章的差分而僅提取在該初始版本與版本Z之間唯一之該等組塊,而無需完整復原該初始版本與版本Y之間以及版本Y及版本Z之間之增量更新或下載這些更新之整體。
在另一實例中,可利用系統600之混合P2P/雲端備份架構,以最小化復原在一復原同級裝置610處之一或多個檔案所需之潛時及/或頻寬。舉例而言,組塊位置組件620可利用一網路分析組件624,其可分析系統600並幫助自阻力最小之路徑透過系統600提取各自檔案片斷。因此,舉例而言,在一既定組塊既駐留於一同級裝置640或超級同儕650中之一組塊儲存器642或652處,又駐留於雲端儲存器660中之情況下,可設定偏好首先自最近之網路節點提取該組塊。因此,一同級裝置640及/或超級同儕650可優先於雲端儲存器660,以最小化跟與雲端儲存器660通信相關聯之潛時及頻寬耗用。
作為補充或替代,網路分析組件624可分析各自節點在系統600中之可用性、相對網路負載,及/或其他因素,以促進智慧型選擇從中獲得各自組塊之節點。因此,一復原同級裝置610可經組態以首先嘗試自一同級機器640或一超級同儕650獲得一組組塊,而僅當無具有所需組塊之同級裝置640及/或650可用時,才退回至雲端儲存器660。在另一實例中,可利用一MLR組件626以促進自動化選擇一從中獲得組塊之網路節點之過程。
在一替代實例中,儘管在系統600中,網路分析組件624被說明為與一復原同級裝置610相關聯,但可瞭解,一超級同儕650及/或一復原同級裝置610從中存取一檔案組塊索引654之另一實體可利用類似網路分析,以便自藉由該檔案組塊索引654指示之各自組塊之複數個位置中,為該等各自組塊選擇一最佳位置。一旦選定,可隨後將這些位置提供給一復原同級裝置610。
依據一態樣,當獲得用於將一或多個檔案復原至一所需版本所需之該等唯一組塊時,可使用復原同級裝置610處之復原組件630合併所獲得之唯一組塊與已經本機存在於該(等)檔案之目前版本中之非唯一組塊,藉此將該(等)檔案復原至所需版本。藉由特定、非限制性實例之方式,復原組件630可利用一反向差異演算法,其中自目前版本減去目前版本與所需版本之間之一或多個記錄之差異,以便復原至所需版本。這些減法可基於對應於各自檔案版本之簽章或雜湊及/或與各自檔案版本相關之任何其他適當資訊。然而應瞭解,這種演算法只是可能利用之復原技術之一實例,且除這種演算法之外或替代這種演算法,亦可能使用任何其他復原演算法。
接著參照第7圖,該圖提供一示意圖700,其圖解說明一可結合本文所述各種態樣加以利用之實例網路實現。如示意圖700所示,一網路實現可利用一混合點對點及基於雲端的結構,其中一雲端服務提供者710與一或多個超級同儕720及一或多個同級裝置730-740互動。
依據一態樣,雲端服務提供者710可用於自一與超級同儕720及/或同級裝置730-740相關聯之一網路/網際網路(例如,網際網路)上之既定位置,從遠端實施一或多個計算服務。雲端服務提供者710可源自一位置,或者雲端服務提供者710可作為一分散式、以網際網路為基礎之服務提供者而實現。在一實例中,雲端服務提供者710可用於向與雲端服務提供者710相關聯之一或多個同級裝置720-740提供備份功能。因此,雲端服務提供者710可實施一備份服務712及/或提供關聯資料儲存器714。
在一實例中,資料儲存器714可與超級同儕720處之一備份用戶端722及/或各自同級裝置730或740處之備份用戶端732或742互動,用以為駐留於各自同級裝置實體720-740處之資料充當一中央儲存位置。以此方式,透過資料儲存器714,雲端服務提供者710可有效地充當位於同級裝置720-740處之資料的線上「保險箱」。應可瞭解,可針對任何適當類型之資訊進行備份,諸如檔案(如文件、相片、音訊、視訊等)、系統資訊等等。作為補充或替代,可實現分散式網路儲存,以便超級同儕720及/或同級裝置730-740亦經組態以包含與該關聯區域網路上之一或多個機器相關聯之備份資料的各自資料儲存器724、734及/或744。在另一實例中,可使用諸如移除重複、增量儲存及/或其他適當技術之技術,以降低網路中一或多個對應實體處之資料儲存器714、724、734及/或747所需之儲存空間量,該網路藉由示意圖700表示,以用於實施一基於雲端的備份服務。
依據另一態樣,雲端服務提供者710可與一或多個同級機器720、730及/或740互動。如示意圖700中所示,一或多個同級裝置720可指定為一超級同儕,且可在雲端服務提供者710與一關聯區域網路中之一或多個其他同級裝置730-740之間充當聯絡人。儘管第7圖中未示出,但應理解,任何適當同級裝置730及/或740,以及指定超級同儕720,可視情況直接與雲端服務提供者710互動。因此可瞭解,雲端服務提供者710、超級同儕720,及/或同級裝置730或740可在任何適當時間彼此通信,以在示意圖700中所示之各自實體之間同步檔案或其他資訊。
在一實例中,超級同儕720可係一與同級裝置720-740相關聯之網路上之一中央實體,該網路諸如一內容分散網路(CDN)、一企業伺服器、一家用伺服器,及/或被判定具有以本文所述之該等方式充當一超級同儕之功能之任何其他適當計算裝置。除標準同級裝置功能之外,超級同儕720可負責在該區域網路中之同級裝置720-740中收集、分散資料及/或編制資料索引。舉例而言,超級同儕720可維護一儲存索引726,其可包含對應於同級裝置720-740之各自檔案及/或檔案片斷之該等辨識身分,以及指向該網路及/或雲端資料儲存器714中可找到其檔案或片斷之各自位置之指標。作為補充或替代,超級同儕720可舉例而言,藉由在指定非高峰週期透過一雲端上載組件728將各自資料上載至該雲端服務提供者710,在其他同級裝置730-740及一雲端服務提供者710之間充當一閘道。在另一實例中,超級同儕720可充當「熱」或「冷」資料之一快取區,以便使最可能被復原之資料有一複本定位於更接近該復原或來源同級裝置之位置,且隨時間之推移,將更多副本分散至該分散系統之「更冷」部分(例如,雲端服務提供者710處之資料儲存器714)。
現轉向第8-10圖,圖中透過各自系列動作圖解說明了可根據本文所展示之各種特徵實施之方法。應瞭解,本文所主張之該等方法不受動作順序之限制,原因在於某些動作可能以與本文所顯示及描述不同之順序發生,或與其他動作並行發生。舉例而言,熟習此項技術者將瞭解及理解,一方法可以替代方式表示為一系列互相關狀態或事件,諸如在一狀態圖表中。此外,可能並非需要所有所示動作,即可實施一如本文所主張之方法。
參照第8圖,該圖說明瞭一種執行一差異式檔案復原之方法800。在802處,辨識一或多個檔案之一本機可用版本及該一或多個檔案將復原至之一所需版本。在804處,在802處辨識之一或多個檔案中,辨識在該本機可用版本與該所需版本之間不同之組塊。在804處之辨識至少部分地藉由在該本機可用版本與所需版本之間進行一差分(例如,使用一差分組件110)而完成。在806處,自一或多個資料儲存器(例如,同級裝置532、超級同儕534及/或雲端儲存器536)獲得在804處辨識之該等組塊(例如,藉由一組塊位置組件120及/或一復原組件130)。在808處,至少部分地藉由合併在806處獲得之該等組塊與該一或多個檔案之本機可用版本中之一或多個組塊,而復原在802處辨識之一或多個檔案之所需版本。
現參照第9圖,其提供一用於進行一檔案之一基於簽章的差分之方法900之流程圖。在902處,辨識對應於一檔案之一目前版本中之各自組塊的一或多個簽章(例如,簽章424)。在904處,接收一或多個簽章(例如,自一簽章源410),其對應於在902處辨識之檔案待復原至之一所需版本中的各自組塊。在906處,藉由比較在902及904處辨識(例如,透過一比較器組件422)之該等簽章,辨識在該檔案之目前版本與該檔案之所需版本之間唯一之一或多個組塊。在908處,自一或多個關聯組塊儲存器獲得在906處辨識之該等唯一組塊。
第10圖說明一用於自一混合點對點/基於雲端的系統獲得檔案片斷之方法1000。在1002處,辨識將自一網路上之一組同級裝置(例如,同級裝置610或640及/或超級同儕650)及/或雲端儲存位置(例如,雲端儲存器660)獲得之一組檔案片斷。在1004處,作為網路負載、位置可用性、網路潛時、及/或頻寬耗用(例如,如藉由一網路分析組件624所判定)之一函數,選定該網路上之一或多個位置以便獲得各自檔案片斷(例如,藉由一組塊位置組件620)。在1006處,自在1004處選定之該等位置獲得該等檔案片斷。
為了為本文所述各種態樣提供其他上下文,第11圖及以下討論意欲提供一適當計算環境1100之一簡單、一般性說明,在該計算環境中可實現所主張標的之各種態樣。此外,儘管已經在可運行於一或多個電腦上之電腦可執行指令之一般上下文中描述以上特徵,但熟習此項技術者將認識到該等特徵亦可與其他程式模組組合及/或作為硬體及軟體之一組合而實施。
大體上,程式模組包含執行特定任務或實施特定抽象資料類型之常式、程式、組件、資料結構,等等。此外,熟習此項技術者將瞭解所主張標的可使用其他電腦系統組態來實踐,包含單一處理器或多處理器電腦系統、迷你電腦、主機電腦,以及個人電腦、手持式計算裝置、基於微處理器之或可程式化消費型電子產品,諸如此類,其中每一者可以可操縱地耦接至一或多個關聯裝置。
所示該等態樣亦可實踐於分散計算環境,其中某些任務藉由透過一通信網路連結之遠端處理裝置來執行。在一分散式計算環境中,程式模組可位於本機及遠端記憶體儲存裝置中。
一電腦通常包含各種電腦可讀媒體。
電腦可讀媒體可係可由該電腦存取之任何可用媒體,且包含揮發性及非揮發性媒體、可移除及非可移除媒體。藉由實例之方式,且不限於此,電腦可讀媒體可包括電腦儲存媒體及通信媒體。電腦儲存媒體可包含以任何方法或技術實施以用於儲存諸如電腦可讀取指令、資料結構、程式模組或其他資料之資訊的揮發性及非揮發性、可移除及非可移除媒體。電腦儲存媒體包含但並不限於:RAM、ROM、EEPROM、快閃記憶體或其他記憶體技術、CD-ROM、數位通用光碟(DVD)或其他光碟儲存器、磁帶盒、磁帶、磁碟儲存器或其他磁儲存裝置,或可用於儲存所需資訊且可由該電腦存取之任何其他媒體。
通信媒體通常在諸如一載波或其他傳輸機制之一調變資料訊號中具體實施電腦可讀取指令、資料結構、程式模組或其他資料,且包含任何資訊傳送媒體。「調變資料訊號」一詞指一訊號,其以一種方式設定或變更一或多個其特性以便將資訊編碼於該訊號中。藉由實例之方式,且不限於此,通信媒體包含有線媒體(諸如一有線網路或直接連線連結),及無線媒體(諸如聲頻、射頻、紅外及其他無線媒體)。任何上述內容之組合亦應包含於電腦可讀媒體之範疇內。
再次參照第11圖,一用於實施本文所述各種態樣之例示性環境1100包含一電腦1102,該電腦1102包含一處理單元1104、一系統記憶體1106及一系統匯流排1108。該系統匯流排1108耦接至系統組件,包含但不限於該系統記憶體1106至該處理單元1104。該處理單元1104可為任何各種商業上可用之處理器。雙微處理器及其他多處理器架構亦可用作該處理單元1104。
該系統匯流排1108可為任何若干類型之匯流排結構,其可此外使用任何各種商業上可用之匯流排架構互連至一記憶體匯流排(可帶或不帶一記憶體控制器)、一周邊匯流排,及一區域匯流排。該系統記憶體1106包含唯讀記憶體(ROM) 1110及隨機存取記憶體(RAM) 1112。一基本輸入/輸出系統(BIOS)儲存於諸如ROM、EPROM、EEPROM之一非揮發性記憶體1110中,其BIOS含有有助於諸如在起動期間在該電腦1102內各元件之間傳送資訊之該等基本常式。該RAM 1112亦可包括一諸如靜態RAM之高速RAM以用於快取資料。
該電腦1102更包含一內部硬碟機(HDD) 1114(例如,EIDE、SATA,該內部硬碟機1114亦可經組態以用於在一適當底座(未顯示)中外部使用)、一磁性軟磁碟驅動機(FDD) 1116(例如,自一可移除磁片1118讀取或寫入一可移除磁片1118)及一光碟驅動機1120(例如,讀取一CD-ROM光碟1122或自諸如DVD之其他高容量光學媒體讀取或寫入其中)。該硬磁碟驅動機1114、磁碟驅動機1116及光碟驅動機1120可分別藉由一硬磁碟驅動機介面1124、一磁碟驅動機介面1126及一光學驅動機介面1128連接至該系統匯流排1108。用於外部驅動機實現之介面1124包含通用串列匯流排(USB)及IEEE-1394介面技術之至少一者或二者。其他外部驅動機連結技術亦涵蓋於本主題揭示案中。
該等驅動機及其關聯電腦可讀媒體提供資料、資料結構、電腦可執行指令及諸如此類之非揮發性儲存。對於該電腦1102,該等驅動機及媒體可容納任何資料以一適當數位格式之儲存。儘管以上電腦可讀媒體之說明係指一HDD、一可移除磁片,及一諸如一CD或DVD之可移除光學媒體,但熟習此項技術者應瞭解,一電腦可讀之其他類型之媒體,諸如zip磁碟、磁帶盒、快閃記憶卡、匣式磁帶及諸如此類,亦可用於該例示性操作環境中,且此外,任何這些媒體可含有用於執行本文所述該等方法之電腦可執行指令。
若干程式模組可被儲存於該等驅動機及RAM 1112中,包含一作業系統1130、一或多個應用程式1132,其他程式模組1134及程式資料1136。所有或部分作業系統、應用程式、模組及/或資料亦可快取於該RAM 1112中。應瞭解,所主張之標的可使用各種商業上可用之作業系統或作業系統之組合而實現。
一使用者可透過一或多個有線/無線輸入裝置,例如,一鍵盤1138及一指標裝置(諸如一滑鼠1140),將命令及資訊輸入該電腦1102。其他輸入裝置(未顯示)可包含一麥克風、一IR遠端控制、一操縱桿、一遊戲控制器、一尖筆、觸控螢幕,或諸如此類。此等及其他輸入裝置通常透過一耦接至該系統匯流排1108之輸入裝置介面1142而連接至該處理單元1104,但亦可藉由其他介面連接,諸如一平行埠、一串列埠、一IEEE-1394連接埠、一遊戲連接埠、一USB連接埠、一IR介面,等等。
一監視器1144或其他類型之顯示裝置透過一介面(諸如一視訊配接器1146)亦連接至該系統匯流排1108。除該監視器1144之外,一電腦通常包含其他周邊輸出裝置(未顯示),諸如揚聲器、印表機,等等。
該電腦1102可操作於一使用邏輯連接之網路環境中,其透過有線及/或無線通信連接至一或多個遠端電腦,諸如一遠端電腦1148。該遠端電腦1148可係一工作站、一伺服器電腦、一路由器、一個人電腦、可攜式電腦、基於微處理器之娛樂設備、一同級裝置或其他常見網路節點,且通常包含許多或所有所述之有關該電腦1102之該等元件,儘管出於簡略之目的,僅圖示了一記憶體/儲存器裝置1150。所描繪之該等邏輯連接包含至一區域網路(LAN)1152及/或更大的網路(例如,一廣域網路(WAN)1154)之有線/無線連接。這些LAN及WAN網路連結環境常見於辦公室及公司,且促進企業級電腦網路(諸如內部網路),所有此等者均可連接至一全球通信網路(例如,網際網路)。
當用於一LAN網路連結環境中時,該電腦1102透過一有線及/或無線通信網路介面或配接器1156連接至該區域網路1152。該配接器1156可促進與該LAN 1152之有線或無線通信,該LAN 1152亦可包含一佈置於其上之無線存取點,以用於與該無線介面卡1156通信。
當用於一WAN網路連結環境中時,該電腦1102可包含一數據機1158,或連接至該WAN 1154上之一通信伺服器,或具有其他裝置以用於透過該WAN 1154建立通信,諸如藉由網際網路之途徑。該數據機1158可係內部或外部、有線或無線裝置,其經由該串列埠介面1142連接至該系統匯流排1108。在一網路環境中,有關該電腦1102所描繪之程式模組,或其部分,可被儲存於該遠端記憶體/儲存器裝置1150中。應瞭解,所示該等網路連接係例示性的,且可使用在該等電腦之間建立一通信連結之其他裝置。
該電腦1102可操縱以與任何無線裝置或可操縱地設置於無線通信中之實體通信,該等無線裝置或實體例如:一印表機、掃瞄器、桌上及/或可攜式電腦、可攜式資料助理、通信衛星、與一以無線方式可偵測之標籤相關聯之任一件設備或位置(例如,一亭子、報攤、洗手間),及電話。此至少包含Wi-Fi及藍牙TM
無線技術。因此,該通信可係一如用於習知網路之預定義結構,或只是至少兩個裝置間之一臨機通信。
Wi-Fi(即無線保真)係一類似於用於一行動電話之無線技術,其允許一裝置在一基地台範圍內之任意位置傳送及接收資料。Wi-Fi網路使用IEEE-802.11(a、b、g等)無線電技術以提供安全、可靠、且快速的無線連接。一Wi-Fi網路可用於將電腦彼此連接、連接至網際網路,以及連接至有線網路(其使用IEEE-802.3或乙太網路)。Wi-Fi網路操作於無需申請之2.4及5 GHz無線電頻帶中,以一13 Mbps(802.11a)或54 Mbps(802.11b)之資料速率,舉例而言,或使用含有這兩個頻帶(雙頻帶)之產品。因此,使用Wi-Fi無線技術之網路可提供類似於一10BaseT有線乙太網路網路之現實世界的效能。
現參照第12圖,圖中圖解說明一可操縱以執行本揭示架構之例示性電腦編譯系統之示意方塊圖。該系統1200包含一或多個用戶端1202。該(等)用戶端1202可係硬體及/或軟體(例如,執行緒、處理緒、計算裝置)。在一實例中,該(等)用戶端1202可利用本文所述之一或更多功能而容納網路餅乾及/或關聯上下文資訊。
該系統1200亦包含一或多個伺服器1204。該(等)伺服器1204亦可為硬體及/或軟體(例如,執行緒、處理緒、計算裝置)。在一實例中,該等伺服器1204可利用本文所述之一或更多功能而容納執行緒以執行轉換。一用戶端1202及一伺服器1204之間之一可能通信可透過一經調適以於兩個或兩個以上電腦執行序間傳輸之資料封包之形式。舉例而言,該資料封包可包含一網路餅乾及/或關聯上下文資訊。該系統1200包含一通信架構1206(例如,一諸如網際網路之全球通信網路),其可用於促進該(等)用戶端1202及該(等)伺服器1204之間之通信。
可透過一有線(包含光纖)及/或無線技術促進通信。該(等)用戶端1202可操縱地連接至一或多個用戶端資料儲存器1208,其可用於儲存該(等)用戶端1202之本機資訊(例如,網路餅乾及/或關聯上下文資訊)。類似地,該(等)伺服器1204可操縱地連接至一或多個伺服器資料儲存器1210,其可用於儲存該伺服器1204之本機資訊。
以上所述內容包含所主張標的之實例。當然,出於說明所主張標的之目的,不可能說明組件或方法之每一可想像之組合,但本項技術中之一普通技藝者可認識到此外可能有許多組合及排列。因此,本「實施方式」意欲涵蓋落入隨附申請專利範圍之精神與範疇內之所有這些變更、修改及變化。
特定而言及關於藉由該等上述組件、裝置、電路、系統及諸如此類所執行之各種功能,除非另行指示,用於說明這些組件之術語(包含對「裝置」一詞之引用)意欲對應於執行所說明組件之指定功能(例如,一功能等效項)之任一組件,即使結構上不等同於所揭示之結構,其執行本文所圖解說明例示性態樣中之功能。有鑒於此,亦將認識到所述該等態樣包含一系統以及一電腦可讀媒體,其具有電腦可執行指令以用於執行各種方法之該等動作及/或事件。
此外,儘管可能已僅針對若干實現之一者揭示了某一特定特徵,但這些特徵可視任何既定或特定應用之需要及對其是否有利而與該等其他實現之一或多個其他特徵組合。此外,就「包含」一詞及其變體用於本「實施方式」或「申請專利範圍」而言,此等術語意欲為包含性的,其用法類似於「包括」一詞。
100...系統
110...差分組件
120...組塊位置組件
130...復原組件
200...系統
210...備份組件
212...分段組件
214...片斷分散組件
216...簽章產生組件
220...片斷儲存器
300...系統
302...版本A
304...版本B
306...版本C
308...版本D
310...分段組件
320...簽章產生組件
322...簽章(版本A)
324...簽章(版本B)
326...簽章(版本C)
328...簽章(版本D)
400...系統
410...簽章源
420...差分組件
422...比較器組件
424...簽章(目前版本)
500...系統
510...分段組件
520...片斷分散組件
522...索引編制組件
524...網路分析器組件
526...MLR組件
532...同級裝置
534...超級同儕
536...雲端儲存器
600...系統
610...復原同級裝置
620...組塊位置組件
622...索引查詢組件
624...網路分析組件
626...MLR組件
630...復原組件
6401
...同級裝置1
640N
...同級裝置N
6421
...組塊儲存器
642N
...組塊儲存器
650...超級同儕
652...組塊儲存器
654...檔案組塊索引
660...雲端儲存器
710...雲端服務提供者
712...備份服務
714...資料儲存器
720...超級同儕
722...備份用戶端
724...資料儲存器
726...儲存索引
728...雲端上載組件
730...同級裝置1
732...備份用戶端
734...資料儲存器
740...同級裝置2
742...備份用戶端
744...資料儲存器
1100...計算環境
1102...電腦
1104...處理單元
1106...系統記憶體
1108...匯流排
1110...ROM
1112...RAM
1114...內部HDD
1114...外部HDD
1116...FDD
1118...磁片
1120...光學驅動機
1122...光碟
1124...介面
1126...介面
1128...介面
1130...作業系統
1132...應用程式
1134...模組
1136...資料
1138...鍵盤
1140...滑鼠
1142...輸入裝置介面
1144...監視器
1146...視訊配接器
1148...遠端電腦
1150...記憶體/儲存器
1152...LAN
1154...WAN
1156...網路配接卡
1158...數據機
1200...系統
1202...用戶端
1204...伺服器
1206...通信架構
1208...用戶端資料儲存器
1210...伺服器資料儲存器
第1圖係根據各種態樣用於自備份資訊進行差異式復原之一系統之高階方塊圖。
第2圖係根據各種態樣用於產生備份資訊之一系統之方塊圖。
第3圖係根據各種態樣用於產生對應於備份資訊之簽章之一系統的方塊圖。
第4圖係根據各種態樣用於執行一基於簽章的差分之一系統之方塊圖。
第5圖係根據各種態樣用於實施混合基於雲端的及點對點備份儲存之一系統之方塊圖。
第6圖係根據各種態樣用於在一混合基於雲端的及點對點備份架構中進行差異式復原之一系統之方塊圖。
第7圖說明可結合本文所述各種態樣加以利用之一實例網路實現。
第8圖係一用於執行一差異式檔案復原之方法之流程圖。
第9圖係一用於進行一檔案之一基於簽章的差分之方法之流程圖。
第10圖係一用於自一混合點對點/基於雲端的系統獲得檔案片斷之方法之流程圖。
第11圖係本文所述各種態樣可在其中發揮功能之一計算系統之方塊圖。
第12圖說明一實例網路計算環境之示意方塊圖。
100...系統
110...差分組件
120...組塊位置組件
130...復原組件
Claims (20)
- 一種用於自一備份系統復原資訊之系統,包括:一處理器,其執行儲存於一電腦可讀媒體上之機器可執行組件,該等組件包括:一差分組件,其辨識待復原資訊之一目前版本、該待復原資訊之一所需版本,及與其對應之各組組塊,並辨識在該目前版本與該所需版本之間不相同的一或多個組塊;一組塊位置組件,其判定在該目前版本與該所需版本之間發現不相同的各自組塊所應從中擷取的網路位置;及一復原組件,其自該等判定網路位置擷取在該目前版本與該所需版本之間發現不相同之該等各自組塊,並使用該等所擷取組塊復原該所需版本。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中該差分組件至少部分地藉由比較跟與該目前版本對應之該等組塊關聯之各自簽章及與對應於該所需版本之該等組塊相關聯之簽章,而辨識在待復原資訊之該目前版本與待復原之該資訊之一所需版本之間不同之一或多個組塊。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中該組塊位置組件包括:一索引查詢組件,其使用一儲存於一預定網路位置之索引查找將從中擷取各自組塊之網路位置。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之系統,其中該索引包括在一關聯網路中儲存之各自資訊及儲存該等各自資訊之各自位置的對應指標之一清單。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中藉由該組塊位置組件判定之該等網路位置包括:一或多個同級裝置、超級同儕,或雲端儲存位置。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項所述之系統,其中該組塊位置組件至少部分地藉由與應用於對應於雲端儲存位置之網路位置相比將一更高層級之偏好應用於對應於同級裝置之網路位置,而判定將從中擷取各自組塊之網路位置。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中該組塊位置組件包括:一網路分析組件,其基於與在各自網路位置擷取資訊相關聯之網路負載、網路位置上線時間、各自網路位置距離該組塊位置組件之遠近,或頻寬耗用中之至少一者,而判定從中擷取各自組塊之網路位置。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中藉由該組塊位置組件所判定之該等網路位置儲存一或多個檔案或對一或多個檔案之一或多個增量Delta更新。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中該復原組件藉由合併該等擷取之組塊與一或多個對應於該待復原資訊之該目前版本之組塊,而復原該待復原資訊之該所需版本。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之系統,其中該復原組件至少部分地藉由自該待復原資訊之該目前版本中之該等對應組塊減去該等所擷取組塊中之一或多個差異,而合併該等所擷取組塊與一或多個對應於該待復原資訊之該目前版本之組塊。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之系統,其中待復原資訊包括:一檔案或一系統映像之至少一者。
- 一種執行一或多個檔案之一差異式復原之方法,包括以下步驟:辨識儲存於至少一記憶體上之一或多個檔案之一本機可用版本及該一或多個檔案待復原至之一所需版本;至少部分地藉由在該本機可用版本與該所需版本之間進行一差分,而辨識該一或多個檔案之該所需版本中不同於該本機可用版本之各自片斷;自一或多個資料儲存器獲得該一或多個檔案之所需版本之該等所辨識片斷;及至少部分地基於該所獲得片斷,而復原該一或多個檔案之該所需版本。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之方法,其中該辨識各自片斷之步驟包括:比較與該一或多個檔案之該所需版本之各自片斷關聯之各自簽章,及與該一或多個檔案之該本機可用版本之對應片斷相關聯之簽章。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之方法,其中該獲得之步驟包括:使用儲存在一關聯網路中之片斷及該等各自片斷所駐留之對應網路資料儲存器之一清單,而選擇將從中擷取該一或多個檔案之該所需版本之各自所辨識片斷之網路資料儲存器;及自該等選定網路資料儲存器獲得該一或多個檔案之該所需版本之該等辨識片斷。
- 如申請專利範圍第14項所述之方法,其中該等網路資料儲存器包括:同級儲存位置、超級同儕儲存位置,或雲端儲存位置之至少一者。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項所述之方法,其中該選擇網路資料儲存器之步驟包括:將一第一偏好等級應用於同級儲存位置及超級同儕儲存位置;及將一第二偏好等級應用於雲端儲存位置,其中該第一偏好等級指示一比該第二偏好等級更高之偏好。
- 如申請專利範圍第14項所述之方法,其中該選擇網路資料儲存器之步驟包括:基於網路負載、網路資料儲存器可用性,或與在各自網路儲存處擷取資訊相關聯之頻寬耗用中之至少一者,而選擇將從中擷取該一或多個檔案之該所需版本之各自辨識片斷之網路資料儲存器。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之方法,其中該復原之步驟包括:合併該一或多個檔案之該所需版本之該等所獲得片斷與該一或多個檔案之該本機可用版本中並非不同於該一或多個檔案之該所需版本之該等對應片斷的各自片斷。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之方法,其中該一或多個檔案對應於一系統映像。
- 一種已於其上儲存指令之機器可讀媒體,當藉由一機器執行時,該等指令造成該機器充當一用於自一混合點對點/基於雲端的備份系統復原資訊之系統,該系統包括:用於在一或多個檔案之一目前、本機可用版本之各自組塊與該一或多個檔案待復原至之一所需版本之各自組塊之間進行一基於簽章的差分之構件;用於利用指向一或多個同級裝置及一雲端儲存位置上之各自組塊之各自位置的中繼資料,以定位與該一或多個檔案之該目前版本與該所需版本之間基於簽章的差分不匹配之至少一唯一組塊之構件;用於自該一或多個同級裝置或該雲端儲存位置中之至少一者獲得該至少一唯一組塊之構件,其中使自該一或多個同級裝置獲得該至少一唯一組塊之動作優先於自該雲端儲存位置獲得該至少一唯一組塊之動作;及用於合併該至少一唯一組塊與存在於該一或多個檔案之該目前版本中之一或多個非唯一組塊以建立該一或多個檔案之該所需版本之構件。
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| MX2011010287A (es) | 2011-10-19 |
| US20100257142A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
| RU2011139997A (ru) | 2013-04-20 |
| KR101626186B1 (ko) | 2016-05-31 |
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