TWI473385B - Charging device with charging balancing and charging method thereof - Google Patents

Description

Charging device with charging balance and charging method thereof

The invention relates to a charging balance device and a charging method thereof, in particular to a charging and balancing charging device which is disposed outside a battery pack and uses a parallel Zener diode to passively charge and balance the battery cells. And its charging method.

In recent years, with the popularization and vigorous development of mobile devices, the use of secondary batteries has become the norm. Therefore, how to improve the service life of secondary batteries has become one of the problems that various manufacturers are eager to solve.

In general, a secondary battery is presented in the form of a battery pack that contains at least one battery cell inside, and the battery cell includes one battery cell or a plurality of battery cells connected in series. Since the electrical characteristics of each battery unit are different, in order to avoid overcharging and affect the service life of the battery unit, a battery management system (BMS) is usually used to manage and protect the battery unit, and the battery management system will pass through The method of charging balance charges the battery unit to avoid overcharging. Basically, the charge balance is roughly divided into two parts, namely: active charge balance and passive charge balance. Among them, passive charging balance is widely used in battery packs because of its low cost and simple circuit. For example, the resistor is connected in parallel with the battery unit, so that the excess power of the battery unit is consumed by the resistor to avoid overcharging. . However, in addition to wasting power, this method is more likely to cause waste heat to affect the service life of the battery unit.

In view of this, some manufacturers have proposed a method of connecting Zener diodes across the battery cells, and using the characteristics of the constant voltage load, the battery cells are converted to Zener diodes when fully charged. The body passed. Such a Come, it will not cause waste heat and battery unit overcharge. However, this method places the charge-balanced circuit inside the battery pack, and has a problem that it cannot be reused and is not expandable.

In summary, it can be seen that in the prior art, there has been a problem that the charge balancing circuit cannot be reused and the expandability is not good for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an improved technical means to solve this problem.

In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention discloses a charging device with charge balance and a charging method thereof.

The charging device with charge balance disclosed in the present invention is electrically connected to a battery pack having a battery unit, and the battery unit comprises a battery core, which comprises: a power line, a charge balancing circuit and a connecting line. The power line is used to provide a charging current; the charge balancing circuit includes a Zener diode group, and each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel. And each of the Zener diode groups is connected in parallel to one of the battery cells, and when the battery cells are fully charged, the Zener diode group corresponding in parallel with the battery cells is in an on state. And the charging current is passed through the Zener diode in an on state; the connection line is electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit and the battery unit, and when the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current passes through the connection line to the battery unit Charge it.

The charging method with charging balance of the present invention is applied to an environment electrically connected to a battery pack having a battery unit, the battery unit comprising a battery core, the steps comprising: providing a charging current and a charging balancing circuit, wherein the charging balancing circuit The Zener diode group is included, each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and each Zener diode group is connected in parallel with one of the battery cells; Connecting the charge balancing circuit and the battery unit; when the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current continuously charges the battery unit through the connection line; when the battery unit is in a fully charged state, the battery is connected in parallel The unit's Zener diode group is switched to The conduction state is performed, and the charging current is passed through the Zener diode group in the on state.

The device and method disclosed in the present invention are different from the prior art in that the present invention electrically connects a charge balancing circuit and a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells through a connecting line, and the charging balancing circuit includes a Zener diode The body group and the Zener diode group include parallel Zener diodes to allow charging current to pass through the turned-on Zener diode group when the battery cell is fully charged, and in the battery cell When the battery is not fully charged, the charging current is charged through the connection line.

Through the above technical means, the present invention can achieve the technical effect of improving the availability of charge balance.

10, 10a, 10b‧‧‧ battery pack

11, 12‧‧‧ battery unit

11a~11c‧‧‧ battery core

31~33‧‧‧ battery unit

110‧‧‧Power cord

120, 120a‧‧‧Charge balance circuit

121, 121a~121c‧‧‧Zina diode group

122‧‧‧Zina diode

130, 130a~130d‧‧‧Connected lines

500‧‧‧ circuit board

501~504‧‧‧Slot

510‧‧‧Removable board

511‧‧‧Docking Endpoints

Step 210 ‧ provides a charging current and a charge balancing circuit, wherein the charging balancing circuit includes at least one Zener diode group, each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and Each Zener diode group is connected in parallel to one of the battery cells

Step 220‧‧‧ electrically connecting a connection line to the charge balancing circuit and the battery unit

Step 230‧‧‧ When the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current continues to charge the battery unit through the connection line

Step 240‧‧‧ When the battery unit is in a fully charged state, the Zener diode group connected in parallel with the battery unit is switched to an on state, and the charging current is passed through the Zener diode in a conducting state. group

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a block diagram of a charging device with a charge balance according to the present invention.

2 is a flow chart of a method for charging a charging balance according to the present invention.

3A and 3B are schematic diagrams showing the first circuit of the charging device with charging balance according to the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of a second circuit of the charging device with charging balance according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in which a Zener diode group is disposed on a replaceable circuit board in a modular manner.

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments, so that the application of the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.

Before describing the charging device with charge balance and the charging method thereof disclosed in the present invention, the terminology defined by the present invention is first described. The Zener diode group of the present invention refers to parallel connection. In a circuit of a plurality of Zener diodes, the number of Zener diodes connected in parallel is positively correlated with the magnitude of the charging current. For example, the battery pack used in electric vehicles has a large charging current, so the number of Zener diodes connected in parallel in the Zener diode group is also increased. In practical implementation, each of the Zener diode groups is connected in parallel with one battery unit. When the battery unit is fully charged, since the voltage of the battery unit may be greater than or equal to the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode group, the original The charging current through the battery unit is transferred to the Zener diode group in parallel with the battery unit. As a result, the charging current will no longer charge the battery unit. Furthermore, the battery unit of the present invention may be a single battery core or a series combination of a plurality of battery cores.

The charging device with charging balance of the present invention and the charging method thereof will be further described below with reference to the drawings. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging device with a charging balance according to the present invention. The battery pack 10 having the battery cells (11, 12) is electrically connected. The device includes a power cord 110, a charge balancing circuit 120, and a connection line 130. The power line 110 is used to provide a charging current. In practical implementation, the power line 110 is a metal wire including an anode and a cathode for supplying a direct current charging current to charge the battery unit 11. In addition, the power line 110 can also be combined with a transformer (not shown) to convert alternating current to direct current and provide charging current. In particular, the battery unit may be a single battery core, as shown in the battery unit 12 as shown in the figure; or the battery unit may be a series combination of a plurality of battery cores, and the battery unit 11 as illustrated in the figure includes each battery. Core (11a~11c). In practical implementation, the battery pack 10 may include the battery unit 11 and the battery unit 12, or only one of the two.

The charge balancing circuit 120 includes a Zener diode group 121 (please refer to "3A"). Since the Zener diode group 121 has been explained in a self-defined noun, it is no longer used here. Narration. Each Zener diode group 121 includes a plurality of Zener diodes 122 connected in parallel (please refer to "FIG. 3A"), and each Zener diode group 121 is connected in parallel to the battery unit 11 One. When the battery unit 11 is fully charged, The Zener diode group 121 corresponding to the parallel connection of the battery cells 11 is turned on, and the charging current is passed through the Zener diode group 121 in the on state without passing through the battery unit 11. As a result, the charging current does not recharge the fully charged battery unit 11 to cause overcharging. In particular, in actual implementation, assuming that the battery pack 10 has a plurality of battery cells 11, the number of Zener diode groups 121 is the same as the number of battery cells 11. In addition, the Zener diode group 121 has a breakdown voltage, which is a threshold voltage when the battery unit 11 is overcharged, that is, when the battery unit is a single battery core (such as the battery unit 12), the battery unit The threshold voltage of the overcharge of 12 is the threshold voltage of the battery unit 12. When the battery unit is a series combination of a plurality of battery cells (such as the battery unit 11), the threshold voltage of the overcharge of the battery unit 11 is the plurality of batteries. The sum of the individual threshold voltages of the cores (11a-11c), taking the battery unit 11 as an example, when the sum of the threshold voltages of the overcharge of the battery cells 11 is "5" volts, the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode group 121 will be Set to "5" volts.

The connection line 130 is configured to electrically connect the charge balancing circuit 120 and the battery unit (11, 12). When the battery unit (11, 12) is in an uncharged state, the charging current is connected to the battery through the connection line 130. The battery unit (11, 12) is charged. The manner in which the connection line 130 is electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit 120 and each of the battery cells (11, 12) will be described later with reference to the drawings.

Next, please refer to "Fig. 2", which is a flow chart of a method for charging and balancing a charging method according to the present invention, which is applied to an environment electrically connected to a battery pack 10 having battery cells (11, 12). The steps include: providing a charging current and charging balancing circuit 120, wherein the charging balancing circuit 120 includes a Zener diode group, each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and each a Zener diode group is connected in parallel to one of the battery cells (11, 12) (step 210); the connection line 130 is electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit 120 and the battery unit (11, 12) (step 220); When the battery unit (11, 12) is in an uncharged state, the charging current continues to charge the battery unit (11, 12) through the connection line 130 (step 230); When the battery unit (11, 12) is in a fully charged state, the Zener diode group connected in parallel to the battery unit (11, 12) is switched to an on state, and the charging current is passed through the conduction state. A group of nanodiodes (step 240). Through the above steps, the charge balancing circuit 120 and the battery pack 10 including the plurality of battery cells (11, 12) can be electrically connected through the connection line 130, and the charge balancing circuit 120 includes the Zener diode group and the Zener The diode group includes parallel Zener diodes to pass charging current through the turned-on Zener diode group and in the battery unit when the battery cells (11, 12) are fully charged. When 12) is in the uncharged state, the charging current is caused to charge the battery cells (11, 12) through the connection line 130.

The following is a description of the examples in the form of the "3A" and "6". Please refer to the "3A" and "3B", "3A" and "3B" A first circuit schematic of a charging device with charge balancing is invented. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, in the case of electrically connecting to the battery pack 10 having a single battery unit 12, when the user wants to charge the battery pack 10, the connection line 130 needs to be connected to the battery pack 10. And the charge balancing circuit 120, since the battery pack 10 has only a single battery unit 12, a charge balancing circuit 120 including a Zener diode group 121 is included. The Zener diode group 121 includes a plurality of parallel cells. The nano-polar body 122 and the Zener diode group 121 also correspond in parallel with the battery unit 12.

When the power line 110 provides a charging current and charges the battery unit 12 through the connection line 130, the voltage of the battery unit 12 will continue to increase until the battery unit 12 is fully charged, and its voltage is equal to the Zener diode group. The breakdown voltage of 121, which in turn causes the charging current to no longer flow through the battery unit 12 but through the Zener diode group 121. In this way, when the battery unit 12 of the battery pack 10 is fully charged, the charging current is prevented from continuing to charge the battery unit 12. The difference between "3B" and "3A" is that the battery unit 11 in the battery pack 10a includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and the rest are the same as the operation of "A3A", so there is no more here. Make a statement.

As shown in "Figure 4", "4th picture" is a charge for the present invention. A second circuit schematic of an electrically balanced charging device. In the case of electrically connecting to the battery pack 10b having a plurality of battery cells (31 to 33), when the user wants to charge the battery pack 10b, the connection lines (130a to 130d) need to be connected to the battery pack 10b and charged. Balance circuit 120a. In this example, since the battery pack 10b has three battery cells (31 to 33), the charge balancing circuit 120a including the three Zener diode groups (121a to 121c) is used, and these Zener diodes are used. Each of the groups (121a to 121c) includes a plurality of Zener diodes 122 connected in parallel, and each of the Zener diode groups (121a to 121c) is connected in parallel with the battery cells (31 to 33), such as: Zener II The polar body group 121a is connected in parallel with the battery unit 31, the Zener diode group 121b is connected in parallel with the battery unit 32, and the Zener diode group 121c is connected in parallel with the battery unit 33. As for the connection lines (130a to 130d), it consists of four wires.

When the power supply line 110 supplies a charging current and charges the battery cells (31 to 33) through the connection lines (130a to 130d), the voltage of the battery cells (31 to 33) continues to increase. After a period of time, it is assumed that the battery unit 32 is fully charged and the battery unit (31, 33) is still fully charged. At this time, the voltage of the battery unit 32 is equal to its corresponding Zener diode group. The breakdown voltage of 121b, so the Zener diode group 121b is in an on state, causing the charging current provided by the power line 110 to pass through the connection line 130a, the battery unit 31, the connection line 130b, the Zener diode group 121b, and the connection line. The 130c, the battery unit 33, and the connection line 130d flow to continuously charge the battery unit (31, 33). In this way, when the battery unit 32 of the battery pack 10b is fully charged, the charging current is prevented from continuing to charge the battery unit 32. When all three battery cells (31~33) are fully charged, each Zener diode group (121a~121c) is turned on, and the charging current flows directly through each Zener diode group. Groups (121a~121c) do not flow to the battery unit (31~33). At this point, the passive charging balance is completed.

Next, please refer to "figure 5", and "figure 5" is a schematic diagram of a set of Zener diode groups on a replaceable circuit board in a modular manner. As mentioned earlier, in order to apply to battery specifications and charging current is higher Pool group, such as: battery pack for electric vehicles. In practical implementation, the number of parallel Zener diodes 122 can be increased, and the number of Zener diode groups 121 can be increased to accommodate various charging needs. Therefore, in order to facilitate increasing the number of parallel Zener diodes 122 and increasing the number of Zener diode groups 121, the Zener diode group 121 can be disposed in a modular manner on the replaceable circuit. On the board 510 (ie, electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit on the circuit board 500 through the plug-in terminal 511), the circuit in which the Zener diode groups 121 are connected in series is disposed on the circuit board 500, and the circuit board 500 is further Slots (501-504) are provided for the removable circuit board 510 to be set. Assuming that a Zener diode group 121 is required, only the removable circuit board 510 needs to be provided in one of the slots; if two Zener diode groups 121 are required, only two of them are needed. The slot sets the removable circuit board 510... and so on, when more than one removable circuit board 510 is provided, the circuitry on circuit board 500 will connect all Zener diode groups 121 in series. In this way, the user can adjust the number of Zener diode groups 121 by swapping the removable circuit board 510. In addition, the number of parallel connection of the Zener diodes 122 on the replaceable circuit board 510 may be set in advance according to various battery specifications and charging currents.

In summary, it can be seen that the difference between the present invention and the prior art is that the charging balance circuit and the battery pack including the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected through the connection line, and the charge balancing circuit includes the Zener diode group and The nanodiode group includes parallel Zener diodes to pass a charging current through the turned-on Zener diode group when the battery cell is fully charged, and the battery cell is not fully charged. When the charging current is charged to the battery unit through the connection line, the technical problem can be solved by the prior art, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the availability of the charging balance.

While the present invention has been described above in the foregoing embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention may be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of patent protection shall be subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application attached to this specification.

10‧‧‧Battery Pack

11, 12‧‧‧ battery unit

11a~11c‧‧‧ battery core

110‧‧‧Power cord

120‧‧‧Charge balance circuit

130‧‧‧Connected lines

Claims (10)

A charging device with a charge balance for electrically connecting to a battery pack having at least one battery unit, the device comprising: a power line for providing a charging current; and a charging balancing circuit, the charging balancing circuit comprising at least one a group of nanodiodes, each group of Zener diodes comprising a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and each group of Zener diodes in parallel corresponding to one of the battery cells, when the battery cells In the fully charged state, the Zener diode group corresponding in parallel with the battery unit is in an on state, and the charging current is passed through a Zener diode group in an on state; and a connection line is used to The charging balance circuit and the battery unit are electrically connected, and when the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current charges the battery unit through the connection line. A charging device having a charge balance according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the number of the Zener diode groups is the same as the number of the battery cells. A charging device having a charge balance according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the Zener diode group has a breakdown voltage which is a threshold voltage for overcharging of the battery unit. A charging device having a charge balance according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the parallel number of the Zener diodes is positively correlated with the magnitude of the charging current. The charging device with charging balance according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the Zener diode group is arranged in a modular manner on a replaceable circuit board, the replaceable circuit board By plugging the end point with the charging flat The balance circuit is electrically connected. When the number of the Zener diode groups is more than one, each Zener diode group is connected in series. A charging method with charging balance is applied to an environment electrically connected to a battery pack having at least one battery unit, the steps comprising: providing a charging current and a charging balancing circuit, wherein the charging balancing circuit comprises at least one Zener diode a body group, each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and each Zener diode group is parallelly connected to one of the battery cells; electrically connecting a connection line a charge balancing circuit and the battery unit; when the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current continues to charge the battery unit through the connection line; and when the battery unit is fully charged The Zener diode group connected in parallel to the battery cell is switched to an on state, and the charging current is passed through a Zener diode group in an on state. A charging method having a charge balance according to claim 6 of the patent application, wherein the number of the Zener diode groups is the same as the number of the battery cells. A charging method having a charge balance according to claim 6 of the patent application, wherein the Zener diode group has a breakdown voltage which is a threshold voltage for overcharging of the battery unit. A charging method having a charge balance according to claim 6 of the patent application, wherein the parallel number of the Zener diodes is positively correlated with the magnitude of the charging current. The charging method with charging balance according to claim 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the Zener diode group is disposed in a modular manner on a replaceable circuit board, the replaceable circuit board The plug-in terminal is electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit. When the number of the Zener diode groups is more than one, each Zener diode group is connected in series.