TWI473385B - Charging device with charging balancing and charging method thereof - Google Patents

Charging device with charging balancing and charging method thereof Download PDF

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TWI473385B
TWI473385B TW102114539A TW102114539A TWI473385B TW I473385 B TWI473385 B TW I473385B TW 102114539 A TW102114539 A TW 102114539A TW 102114539 A TW102114539 A TW 102114539A TW I473385 B TWI473385 B TW I473385B
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charging
zener diode
battery unit
battery
diode group
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TW102114539A
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TW201442387A (en
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Kuan Yuen Liao
sheng wei Chen
Wen Jiun Liu
Tseng Cheng Lin
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Metal Ind Res & Dev Ct
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Description

具充電平衡的充電裝置及其充電方法Charging device with charging balance and charging method thereof

本發明為有關於一種充電平衡裝置及其充電方法,特別是指一種設置在電池組外部且應用並聯的齊納二極體(Zener diode)對電池單元進行被動式充電平衡之具充電平衡的充電裝置及其充電方法。The invention relates to a charging balance device and a charging method thereof, in particular to a charging and balancing charging device which is disposed outside a battery pack and uses a parallel Zener diode to passively charge and balance the battery cells. And its charging method.

近年來,隨著行動裝置的普及與蓬勃發展,二次電池的使用已屬常態,因此,如何提高二次電池的使用壽命便成為各家廠商亟欲解決的問題之一。In recent years, with the popularization and vigorous development of mobile devices, the use of secondary batteries has become the norm. Therefore, how to improve the service life of secondary batteries has become one of the problems that various manufacturers are eager to solve.

一般而言,二次電池是以電池組的方式呈現,此電池組內部包含至少一個電池單元,且電池單元包含一個電池芯或多個串聯的電池芯。由於各個電池單元的電氣特性不盡相同,為了避免過充電而影響電池單元的使用壽命,通常會搭配電池管理系統(Battery management system,BMS)來管理及保護電池單元,所述電池管理系統會透過充電平衡的方式對電池單元進行充電以避免過充電的情況發生。基本上,充電平衡大致分為兩大部分,即:主動式充電平衡與被動式充電平衡。其中,又以被動式充電平衡因具有低成本、電路簡單等優點而被廣泛應用在電池組中,例如:將電阻與電池單元並聯,以便利用電阻消耗電池單元多餘的電能,達到避免過度充電的目的。然而,此方式除了浪費電能之外,更容易造成廢熱影響電池單元的使用壽命。In general, a secondary battery is presented in the form of a battery pack that contains at least one battery cell inside, and the battery cell includes one battery cell or a plurality of battery cells connected in series. Since the electrical characteristics of each battery unit are different, in order to avoid overcharging and affect the service life of the battery unit, a battery management system (BMS) is usually used to manage and protect the battery unit, and the battery management system will pass through The method of charging balance charges the battery unit to avoid overcharging. Basically, the charge balance is roughly divided into two parts, namely: active charge balance and passive charge balance. Among them, passive charging balance is widely used in battery packs because of its low cost and simple circuit. For example, the resistor is connected in parallel with the battery unit, so that the excess power of the battery unit is consumed by the resistor to avoid overcharging. . However, in addition to wasting power, this method is more likely to cause waste heat to affect the service life of the battery unit.

有鑑於此,便有廠商提出使用齊納二極體跨接於電池單元兩端的方法,利用其定電壓負載的特性,使電池單元在充飽電的狀態時,將電能改由齊納二極體通過。如此一 來,便不會造成廢熱及電池單元過充電的情況。不過,此方式將充電平衡的電路設置在電池組內部,具有無法重複利用且可擴充性不佳的問題。In view of this, some manufacturers have proposed a method of connecting Zener diodes across the battery cells, and using the characteristics of the constant voltage load, the battery cells are converted to Zener diodes when fully charged. The body passed. Such a Come, it will not cause waste heat and battery unit overcharge. However, this method places the charge-balanced circuit inside the battery pack, and has a problem that it cannot be reused and is not expandable.

綜上所述,可知先前技術中長期以來一直存在充電平衡電路無法重複利用且可擴充性不佳之問題,因此實有必要提出改進的技術手段,來解決此一問題。In summary, it can be seen that in the prior art, there has been a problem that the charge balancing circuit cannot be reused and the expandability is not good for a long time. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an improved technical means to solve this problem.

有鑒於先前技術存在的問題,本發明遂揭露一種具充電平衡的充電裝置及其充電方法。In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention discloses a charging device with charge balance and a charging method thereof.

本發明所揭露之具充電平衡的充電裝置,用以與具有電池單元的電池組電性連接,所述電池單元包含電池芯,其包含:電源線、充電平衡電路及連接線路。其中,電源線用以提供充電電流;充電平衡電路包含齊納二極體群組(Zener diode group),每一齊納二極體群組包含並聯的多個齊納二極體(Zener diode),以及每一齊納二極體群組並聯對應所述電池單元其中之一,當所述電池單元為充飽電狀態時,與所述電池單元並聯對應的齊納二極體群組為導通狀態,並且使充電電流通過導通狀態的齊納二極體;連接線路用以電性連接充電平衡電路及電池單元,當所述電池單元為未充飽電狀態時,充電電流通過此連接線路對電池單元進行充電。The charging device with charge balance disclosed in the present invention is electrically connected to a battery pack having a battery unit, and the battery unit comprises a battery core, which comprises: a power line, a charge balancing circuit and a connecting line. The power line is used to provide a charging current; the charge balancing circuit includes a Zener diode group, and each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel. And each of the Zener diode groups is connected in parallel to one of the battery cells, and when the battery cells are fully charged, the Zener diode group corresponding in parallel with the battery cells is in an on state. And the charging current is passed through the Zener diode in an on state; the connection line is electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit and the battery unit, and when the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current passes through the connection line to the battery unit Charge it.

至於本發明之具充電平衡的充電方法,應用在與具有電池單元的電池組電性連接的環境,所述電池單元包含電池芯,其步驟包括:提供充電電流及充電平衡電路,其中充電平衡電路包含齊納二極體群組,每一齊納二極體群組包含並聯的多個齊納二極體,以及每一齊納二極體群組並聯對應電池單元其中之一;將連接線路電性連接充電平衡電路及電池單元;當電池單元為未充飽電狀態時,充電電流通過連接線路持續對所述電池單元進行充電;當所述電池單元為充飽電狀態時,並聯於所述電池單元的齊納二極體群組切換為 導通狀態,並且使充電電流通過導通狀態的齊納二極體群組。The charging method with charging balance of the present invention is applied to an environment electrically connected to a battery pack having a battery unit, the battery unit comprising a battery core, the steps comprising: providing a charging current and a charging balancing circuit, wherein the charging balancing circuit The Zener diode group is included, each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and each Zener diode group is connected in parallel with one of the battery cells; Connecting the charge balancing circuit and the battery unit; when the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current continuously charges the battery unit through the connection line; when the battery unit is in a fully charged state, the battery is connected in parallel The unit's Zener diode group is switched to The conduction state is performed, and the charging current is passed through the Zener diode group in the on state.

本發明所揭露之裝置與方法如上,與先前技術之間的差異在於本發明是透過連接線路電性連接充電平衡電路及包含多個電池單元的電池組,所述充電平衡電路包含齊納二極體群組且齊納二極體群組包含並聯的齊納二極體,以便在電池單元為充飽電狀態時,使充電電流通過導通的齊納二極體群組,以及在電池單元為未充飽電狀態時,使充電電流通過連接線路對電池單元進行充電。The device and method disclosed in the present invention are different from the prior art in that the present invention electrically connects a charge balancing circuit and a battery pack including a plurality of battery cells through a connecting line, and the charging balancing circuit includes a Zener diode The body group and the Zener diode group include parallel Zener diodes to allow charging current to pass through the turned-on Zener diode group when the battery cell is fully charged, and in the battery cell When the battery is not fully charged, the charging current is charged through the connection line.

透過上述的技術手段,本發明可以達成提高充電平衡的可利用性之技術功效。Through the above technical means, the present invention can achieve the technical effect of improving the availability of charge balance.

10、10a、10b‧‧‧電池組10, 10a, 10b‧‧‧ battery pack

11、12‧‧‧電池單元11, 12‧‧‧ battery unit

11a~11c‧‧‧電池芯11a~11c‧‧‧ battery core

31~33‧‧‧電池單元31~33‧‧‧ battery unit

110‧‧‧電源線110‧‧‧Power cord

120、120a‧‧‧充電平衡電路120, 120a‧‧‧Charge balance circuit

121、121a~121c‧‧‧齊納二極體群組121, 121a~121c‧‧‧Zina diode group

122‧‧‧齊納二極體122‧‧‧Zina diode

130、130a~130d‧‧‧連接線路130, 130a~130d‧‧‧Connected lines

500‧‧‧電路板500‧‧‧ circuit board

501~504‧‧‧插槽501~504‧‧‧Slot

510‧‧‧可抽換式電路板510‧‧‧Removable board

511‧‧‧插接端點511‧‧‧Docking Endpoints

步驟210‧‧‧提供一充電電流及一充電平衡電路,其中該充電平衡電路包含至少一齊納二極體群組,每一齊納二極體群組包含並聯的多個齊納二極體,以及每一齊納二極體群組並聯對應所述電池單元其中之一Step 210 ‧ provides a charging current and a charge balancing circuit, wherein the charging balancing circuit includes at least one Zener diode group, each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and Each Zener diode group is connected in parallel to one of the battery cells

步驟220‧‧‧將一連接線路電性連接該充電平衡電路及所述電池單元Step 220‧‧‧ electrically connecting a connection line to the charge balancing circuit and the battery unit

步驟230‧‧‧當所述電池單元為未充飽電狀態時,該充電電流通過該連接線路持續對所述電池單元進行充電Step 230‧‧‧ When the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current continues to charge the battery unit through the connection line

步驟240‧‧‧當所述電池單元為充飽電狀態時,並聯於所述電池單元的齊納二極體群組切換為導通狀態,並且使該充電電流通過導通狀態的齊納二極體群Step 240‧‧‧ When the battery unit is in a fully charged state, the Zener diode group connected in parallel with the battery unit is switched to an on state, and the charging current is passed through the Zener diode in a conducting state. group

第1圖為本發明具充電平衡的充電裝置之裝置方塊圖。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a block diagram of a charging device with a charge balance according to the present invention.

第2圖為本發明具充電平衡的充電方法之方法流程圖。2 is a flow chart of a method for charging a charging balance according to the present invention.

第3A圖及第3B圖為本發明具充電平衡的充電裝置之第一電路示意圖。3A and 3B are schematic diagrams showing the first circuit of the charging device with charging balance according to the present invention.

第4圖為本發明具充電平衡的充電裝置之第二電路示意圖。4 is a schematic diagram of a second circuit of the charging device with charging balance according to the present invention.

第5圖為本發明以模組化的方式設置齊納二極體群組於可抽換式電路板之示意圖。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in which a Zener diode group is disposed on a replaceable circuit board in a modular manner.

以下將配合圖式及實施例來詳細說明本發明之實施方式,藉此對本發明如何應用技術手段來解決技術問題並達成技術功效的實現過程能充分理解並據以實施。The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments, so that the application of the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.

在說明本發明所揭露之具充電平衡的充電裝置及其充電方法之前,先對本發明所自行定義的名詞作說明,本發明所述的齊納二極體群組(Zener diode group)是指並聯 多個齊納二極體(Zener diode)的電路,其並聯的齊納二極體數量與充電電流的大小成正相關。舉例來說,電動車使用的電池組具有較大的充電電流,所以齊納二極體群組中並聯的齊納二極體數量也越多。在實際實施上,每一個齊納二極體群組分別並聯一個電池單元,當電池單元充飽電後,由於電池單元的電壓可能大於或等於齊納二極體群組的崩潰電壓,導致原本通過電池單元的充電電流轉而通過與此電池單元並聯的齊納二極體群組。如此一來,充電電流便不會再對此電池單元進行充電。再則,本發明所述的電池單元可為單一電池芯,或複數個電池芯之串聯組合。Before describing the charging device with charge balance and the charging method thereof disclosed in the present invention, the terminology defined by the present invention is first described. The Zener diode group of the present invention refers to parallel connection. In a circuit of a plurality of Zener diodes, the number of Zener diodes connected in parallel is positively correlated with the magnitude of the charging current. For example, the battery pack used in electric vehicles has a large charging current, so the number of Zener diodes connected in parallel in the Zener diode group is also increased. In practical implementation, each of the Zener diode groups is connected in parallel with one battery unit. When the battery unit is fully charged, since the voltage of the battery unit may be greater than or equal to the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode group, the original The charging current through the battery unit is transferred to the Zener diode group in parallel with the battery unit. As a result, the charging current will no longer charge the battery unit. Furthermore, the battery unit of the present invention may be a single battery core or a series combination of a plurality of battery cores.

以下配合圖式對本發明具充電平衡的充電裝置及其充電方法作進一步說明,請參閱「第1圖」,「第1圖」為本發明具充電平衡的充電裝置之裝置方塊圖,用以與具有電池單元(11、12)的電池組10電性連接,此裝置包含:電源線110、充電平衡電路120及連接線路130。其中,電源線110用以提供充電電流。在實際實施上,此電源線110為包含陽極與陰極的金屬導線,用以提供直流電的充電電流,以便對電池單元11進行充電。另外,電源線110亦可與變壓器(圖中未示)搭配以便將交流電轉換為直流電並提供充電電流。特別要說明的是,所述電池單元可為單一電池芯,如圖中示意的電池單元12;或是電池單元可為複數個電池芯之串聯組合,如圖中示意的電池單元11包含各電池芯(11a~11c)。在實際實施上,電池組10可包含電池單元11及電池單元12,或是僅包含兩者其中之一。The charging device with charging balance of the present invention and the charging method thereof will be further described below with reference to the drawings. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charging device with a charging balance according to the present invention. The battery pack 10 having the battery cells (11, 12) is electrically connected. The device includes a power cord 110, a charge balancing circuit 120, and a connection line 130. The power line 110 is used to provide a charging current. In practical implementation, the power line 110 is a metal wire including an anode and a cathode for supplying a direct current charging current to charge the battery unit 11. In addition, the power line 110 can also be combined with a transformer (not shown) to convert alternating current to direct current and provide charging current. In particular, the battery unit may be a single battery core, as shown in the battery unit 12 as shown in the figure; or the battery unit may be a series combination of a plurality of battery cores, and the battery unit 11 as illustrated in the figure includes each battery. Core (11a~11c). In practical implementation, the battery pack 10 may include the battery unit 11 and the battery unit 12, or only one of the two.

充電平衡電路120包含齊納二極體群組121(請搭配參閱「第3A圖」),由於齊納二極體群組121已於自行定義的名詞中作解釋,故在此不再多作贅述。每一齊納二極體群組121包含並聯的多個齊納二極體122(請搭配參閱「第3A圖」),以及每一齊納二極體群組121並聯對應所述電池單元11其中之一。當所述電池單元11為充飽電狀態時,與所 述電池單元11並聯對應的齊納二極體群組121會成為導通狀態,並且使充電電流通過導通狀態的齊納二極體群組121,而不會通過電池單元11。如此一來,充電電流便不會再對充飽電的電池單元11進行充電而導致過充電的情況發生。特別要說明的是,在實際實施上,假設電池組10具有多個電池單元11時,齊納二極體群組121的數量與電池單元11的數量相同。另外,齊納二極體群組121具有崩潰電壓,此崩潰電壓為電池單元11過充電時的臨界電壓,也就是說,當電池單元為單一電池芯(如電池單元12)時,該電池單元12之過充電的臨界電壓為該電池單元12之臨界電壓,當電池單元為複數個電池芯之串聯組合(如電池單元11)時,該電池單元11之過充電的臨界電壓為該複數個電池芯(11a~11c)之個別臨界電壓之總和,以電池單元11為例,當電池單元11過充電的臨界電壓之總和為“5”伏特時,齊納二極體群組121的崩潰電壓將設為“5”伏特。The charge balancing circuit 120 includes a Zener diode group 121 (please refer to "3A"). Since the Zener diode group 121 has been explained in a self-defined noun, it is no longer used here. Narration. Each Zener diode group 121 includes a plurality of Zener diodes 122 connected in parallel (please refer to "FIG. 3A"), and each Zener diode group 121 is connected in parallel to the battery unit 11 One. When the battery unit 11 is fully charged, The Zener diode group 121 corresponding to the parallel connection of the battery cells 11 is turned on, and the charging current is passed through the Zener diode group 121 in the on state without passing through the battery unit 11. As a result, the charging current does not recharge the fully charged battery unit 11 to cause overcharging. In particular, in actual implementation, assuming that the battery pack 10 has a plurality of battery cells 11, the number of Zener diode groups 121 is the same as the number of battery cells 11. In addition, the Zener diode group 121 has a breakdown voltage, which is a threshold voltage when the battery unit 11 is overcharged, that is, when the battery unit is a single battery core (such as the battery unit 12), the battery unit The threshold voltage of the overcharge of 12 is the threshold voltage of the battery unit 12. When the battery unit is a series combination of a plurality of battery cells (such as the battery unit 11), the threshold voltage of the overcharge of the battery unit 11 is the plurality of batteries. The sum of the individual threshold voltages of the cores (11a-11c), taking the battery unit 11 as an example, when the sum of the threshold voltages of the overcharge of the battery cells 11 is "5" volts, the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode group 121 will be Set to "5" volts.

連接線路130用以電性連接充電平衡電路120及所述電池單元(11、12),當所述電池單元(11、12)為未充飽電狀態時,充電電流通過連接線路130對所述電池單元(11、12)進行充電。稍後將配合圖式說明連接線路130電性連接充電平衡電路120及各電池單元(11、12)的方式。The connection line 130 is configured to electrically connect the charge balancing circuit 120 and the battery unit (11, 12). When the battery unit (11, 12) is in an uncharged state, the charging current is connected to the battery through the connection line 130. The battery unit (11, 12) is charged. The manner in which the connection line 130 is electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit 120 and each of the battery cells (11, 12) will be described later with reference to the drawings.

接著,請參閱「第2圖」,「第2圖」為本發明具充電平衡的充電方法之方法流程圖,應用在與具有電池單元(11、12)的電池組10電性連接的環境,其步驟包括:提供充電電流及充電平衡電路120,其中所述充電平衡電路120包含齊納二極體群組,每一齊納二極體群組包含並聯的多個齊納二極體,以及每一齊納二極體群組並聯對應所述電池單元(11、12)其中之一(步驟210);將連接線路130電性連接充電平衡電路120及電池單元(11、12)(步驟220);當電池單元(11、12)為未充飽電狀態時,充電電流通過連接線路130持續對所述電池單元(11、12)進行充電(步驟230); 當所述電池單元(11、12)為充飽電狀態時,並聯於所述電池單元(11、12)的齊納二極體群組切換為導通狀態,並且使充電電流通過導通狀態的齊納二極體群組(步驟240)。透過上述步驟,即可透過連接線路130電性連接充電平衡電路120及包含多個電池單元(11、12)的電池組10,所述充電平衡電路120包含齊納二極體群組且齊納二極體群組包含並聯的齊納二極體,以便在電池單元(11、12)為充飽電狀態時,使充電電流通過導通的齊納二極體群組,以及在電池單元(11、12)為未充飽電狀態時,使充電電流通過連接線路130對電池單元(11、12)進行充電。Next, please refer to "Fig. 2", which is a flow chart of a method for charging and balancing a charging method according to the present invention, which is applied to an environment electrically connected to a battery pack 10 having battery cells (11, 12). The steps include: providing a charging current and charging balancing circuit 120, wherein the charging balancing circuit 120 includes a Zener diode group, each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and each a Zener diode group is connected in parallel to one of the battery cells (11, 12) (step 210); the connection line 130 is electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit 120 and the battery unit (11, 12) (step 220); When the battery unit (11, 12) is in an uncharged state, the charging current continues to charge the battery unit (11, 12) through the connection line 130 (step 230); When the battery unit (11, 12) is in a fully charged state, the Zener diode group connected in parallel to the battery unit (11, 12) is switched to an on state, and the charging current is passed through the conduction state. A group of nanodiodes (step 240). Through the above steps, the charge balancing circuit 120 and the battery pack 10 including the plurality of battery cells (11, 12) can be electrically connected through the connection line 130, and the charge balancing circuit 120 includes the Zener diode group and the Zener The diode group includes parallel Zener diodes to pass charging current through the turned-on Zener diode group and in the battery unit when the battery cells (11, 12) are fully charged. When 12) is in the uncharged state, the charging current is caused to charge the battery cells (11, 12) through the connection line 130.

以下配合「第3A圖」至「第6圖」以實施例的方式進行如下說明,請先參閱「第3A圖」及「第3B圖」,「第3A圖」及「第3B圖」為本發明具充電平衡的充電裝置之第一電路示意圖。首先,如「第3A圖」所示意,在與具有單一電池單元12的電池組10電性連接的情況下,當使用者欲對此電池組10充電時,需將連接線路130連接電池組10及充電平衡電路120,由於電池組10僅具有單一電池單元12,故使用包含一個齊納二極體群組121的充電平衡電路120,此齊納二極體群組121包含並聯的多個齊納二極體122,並且齊納二極體群組121亦與電池單元12並聯對應。The following is a description of the examples in the form of the "3A" and "6". Please refer to the "3A" and "3B", "3A" and "3B" A first circuit schematic of a charging device with charge balancing is invented. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, in the case of electrically connecting to the battery pack 10 having a single battery unit 12, when the user wants to charge the battery pack 10, the connection line 130 needs to be connected to the battery pack 10. And the charge balancing circuit 120, since the battery pack 10 has only a single battery unit 12, a charge balancing circuit 120 including a Zener diode group 121 is included. The Zener diode group 121 includes a plurality of parallel cells. The nano-polar body 122 and the Zener diode group 121 also correspond in parallel with the battery unit 12.

當電源線110提供充電電流並透過連接線路130對電池單元12進行充電時,電池單元12的電壓將持續增加,直到電池單元12為充飽電狀態時,其電壓等於齊納二極體群組121的崩潰電壓,進而造成充電電流不再流經電池單元12而是流經齊納二極體群組121。如此一來,即可在電池組10的電池單元12充飽電時,避免充電電流仍然繼續對電池單元12進行充電。至於「第3B圖」與「第3A圖」的差異僅在於電池組10a中的電池單元11包含多個串聯的電池芯,其餘皆與「第3A圖」的運作相同,故在此不再多作贅述。When the power line 110 provides a charging current and charges the battery unit 12 through the connection line 130, the voltage of the battery unit 12 will continue to increase until the battery unit 12 is fully charged, and its voltage is equal to the Zener diode group. The breakdown voltage of 121, which in turn causes the charging current to no longer flow through the battery unit 12 but through the Zener diode group 121. In this way, when the battery unit 12 of the battery pack 10 is fully charged, the charging current is prevented from continuing to charge the battery unit 12. The difference between "3B" and "3A" is that the battery unit 11 in the battery pack 10a includes a plurality of battery cells connected in series, and the rest are the same as the operation of "A3A", so there is no more here. Make a statement.

如「第4圖」所示意,「第4圖」為本發明具充 電平衡的充電裝置之第二電路示意圖。在與具有多個電池單元(31~33)的電池組10b電性連接的情況下,當使用者欲對此電池組10b充電時,需將連接線路(130a~130d)連接電池組10b及充電平衡電路120a。在此例中,由於電池組10b具有三個電池單元(31~33),因此,使用包含三個齊納二極體群組(121a~121c)的充電平衡電路120a,這些齊納二極體群組(121a~121c)皆包含並聯的多個齊納二極體122,並且各齊納二極體群組(121a~121c)與電池單元(31~33)並聯對應,如:齊納二極體群組121a與電池單元31並聯、齊納二極體群組121b與電池單元32並聯及齊納二極體群組121c與電池單元33並聯。至於連接線路(130a~130d)則由四條導線所組成。As shown in "Figure 4", "4th picture" is a charge for the present invention. A second circuit schematic of an electrically balanced charging device. In the case of electrically connecting to the battery pack 10b having a plurality of battery cells (31 to 33), when the user wants to charge the battery pack 10b, the connection lines (130a to 130d) need to be connected to the battery pack 10b and charged. Balance circuit 120a. In this example, since the battery pack 10b has three battery cells (31 to 33), the charge balancing circuit 120a including the three Zener diode groups (121a to 121c) is used, and these Zener diodes are used. Each of the groups (121a to 121c) includes a plurality of Zener diodes 122 connected in parallel, and each of the Zener diode groups (121a to 121c) is connected in parallel with the battery cells (31 to 33), such as: Zener II The polar body group 121a is connected in parallel with the battery unit 31, the Zener diode group 121b is connected in parallel with the battery unit 32, and the Zener diode group 121c is connected in parallel with the battery unit 33. As for the connection lines (130a to 130d), it consists of four wires.

當電源線110提供充電電流並透過連接線路(130a~130d)對電池單元(31~33)進行充電時,電池單元(31~33)的電壓將持續增加。在經過一段時間後,假設電池單元32成為充飽電狀態、電池單元(31、33)仍為未充飽電狀態,此時,電池單元32的電壓等於其對應的齊納二極體群組121b之崩潰電壓,所以齊納二極體群組121b為導通狀態,造成電源線110提供的充電電流經由連接線路130a、電池單元31、連接線路130b、齊納二極體群組121b、連接線路130c、電池單元33及連接線路130d流動以持續對電池單元(31、33)進行充電。如此一來,即可在電池組10b的電池單元32充飽電時,避免充電電流仍然繼續對電池單元32進行充電。當三個電池單元(31~33)皆為充飽電狀態時,則各齊納二極體群組(121a~121c)皆成為導通狀態,充電電流會直接流經各齊納二極體群組(121a~121c),而不會流向電池單元(31~33)。至此,即完成被動式充電平衡。When the power supply line 110 supplies a charging current and charges the battery cells (31 to 33) through the connection lines (130a to 130d), the voltage of the battery cells (31 to 33) continues to increase. After a period of time, it is assumed that the battery unit 32 is fully charged and the battery unit (31, 33) is still fully charged. At this time, the voltage of the battery unit 32 is equal to its corresponding Zener diode group. The breakdown voltage of 121b, so the Zener diode group 121b is in an on state, causing the charging current provided by the power line 110 to pass through the connection line 130a, the battery unit 31, the connection line 130b, the Zener diode group 121b, and the connection line. The 130c, the battery unit 33, and the connection line 130d flow to continuously charge the battery unit (31, 33). In this way, when the battery unit 32 of the battery pack 10b is fully charged, the charging current is prevented from continuing to charge the battery unit 32. When all three battery cells (31~33) are fully charged, each Zener diode group (121a~121c) is turned on, and the charging current flows directly through each Zener diode group. Groups (121a~121c) do not flow to the battery unit (31~33). At this point, the passive charging balance is completed.

接下來,請參閱「第5圖」,「第5圖」為本發明以模組化的方式設置齊納二極體群組於可抽換式電路板之示意圖。前面提到,為了適用於電池規格與充電電流較高的電 池組,如:電動車的電池組。在實際實施上,可以增加並聯的齊納二極體122數量,以及增加齊納二極體群組121的數量來適應各種不同的充電需求。因此,為了方便增加並聯的齊納二極體122數量,以及增加齊納二極體群組121的數量,可將齊納二極體群組121以模組化方式設置在可抽換式電路板510上(即通過插接端點511與電路板500上的充電平衡電路電性連接),至於串聯各齊納二極體群組121的電路則設置在電路板500,並且電路板500還提供插槽(501~504)以供可抽換式電路板510進行設置。假設需要一個齊納二極體群組121則僅需在其中一個插槽設置可抽換式電路板510即可;假設需要兩個齊納二極體群組121,則僅需在其中二個插槽設置可抽換式電路板510……並以此類推,當設置一個以上的可抽換式電路板510時,電路板500上的電路會將所有齊納二極體群組121串聯。如此一來,使用者可透過抽換可抽換式電路板510來調整齊納二極體群組121的數量。另外,可抽換式電路板510上的齊納二極體122的並聯數量也可以預先根據各種電池規格及充電電流的大小進行設置。Next, please refer to "figure 5", and "figure 5" is a schematic diagram of a set of Zener diode groups on a replaceable circuit board in a modular manner. As mentioned earlier, in order to apply to battery specifications and charging current is higher Pool group, such as: battery pack for electric vehicles. In practical implementation, the number of parallel Zener diodes 122 can be increased, and the number of Zener diode groups 121 can be increased to accommodate various charging needs. Therefore, in order to facilitate increasing the number of parallel Zener diodes 122 and increasing the number of Zener diode groups 121, the Zener diode group 121 can be disposed in a modular manner on the replaceable circuit. On the board 510 (ie, electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit on the circuit board 500 through the plug-in terminal 511), the circuit in which the Zener diode groups 121 are connected in series is disposed on the circuit board 500, and the circuit board 500 is further Slots (501-504) are provided for the removable circuit board 510 to be set. Assuming that a Zener diode group 121 is required, only the removable circuit board 510 needs to be provided in one of the slots; if two Zener diode groups 121 are required, only two of them are needed. The slot sets the removable circuit board 510... and so on, when more than one removable circuit board 510 is provided, the circuitry on circuit board 500 will connect all Zener diode groups 121 in series. In this way, the user can adjust the number of Zener diode groups 121 by swapping the removable circuit board 510. In addition, the number of parallel connection of the Zener diodes 122 on the replaceable circuit board 510 may be set in advance according to various battery specifications and charging currents.

綜上所述,可知本發明與先前技術之間的差異在於透過連接線路電性連接充電平衡電路及包含多個電池單元的電池組,所述充電平衡電路包含齊納二極體群組且齊納二極體群組包含並聯的齊納二極體,以便在電池單元為充飽電狀態時,使充電電流通過導通的齊納二極體群組,以及在電池單元為未充飽電狀態時,使充電電流通過連接線路對電池單元進行充電,藉由此一技術手段可以解決先前技術所存在的問題,進而達成提高充電平衡的可利用性之技術功效。In summary, it can be seen that the difference between the present invention and the prior art is that the charging balance circuit and the battery pack including the plurality of battery cells are electrically connected through the connection line, and the charge balancing circuit includes the Zener diode group and The nanodiode group includes parallel Zener diodes to pass a charging current through the turned-on Zener diode group when the battery cell is fully charged, and the battery cell is not fully charged. When the charging current is charged to the battery unit through the connection line, the technical problem can be solved by the prior art, thereby achieving the technical effect of improving the availability of the charging balance.

雖然本發明以前述之實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習相像技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之專利保護範圍須視本說明書所附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。While the present invention has been described above in the foregoing embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention may be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of patent protection shall be subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application attached to this specification.

10‧‧‧電池組10‧‧‧Battery Pack

11、12‧‧‧電池單元11, 12‧‧‧ battery unit

11a~11c‧‧‧電池芯11a~11c‧‧‧ battery core

110‧‧‧電源線110‧‧‧Power cord

120‧‧‧充電平衡電路120‧‧‧Charge balance circuit

130‧‧‧連接線路130‧‧‧Connected lines

Claims (10)

一種具充電平衡的充電裝置,用以與具有至少一電池單元的電池組電性連接,該裝置包含:一電源線,用以提供一充電電流;一充電平衡電路,該充電平衡電路包含至少一齊納二極體群組,每一齊納二極體群組包含並聯的多個齊納二極體,以及每一齊納二極體群組並聯對應所述電池單元其中之一,當所述電池單元為充飽電狀態時,與所述電池單元並聯對應的齊納二極體群組為導通狀態,並且使該充電電流通過導通狀態的齊納二極體群組;及一連接線路,用以電性連接該充電平衡電路及所述電池單元,當所述電池單元為未充飽電狀態時,該充電電流通過該連接線路對所述電池單元進行充電。A charging device with a charge balance for electrically connecting to a battery pack having at least one battery unit, the device comprising: a power line for providing a charging current; and a charging balancing circuit, the charging balancing circuit comprising at least one a group of nanodiodes, each group of Zener diodes comprising a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and each group of Zener diodes in parallel corresponding to one of the battery cells, when the battery cells In the fully charged state, the Zener diode group corresponding in parallel with the battery unit is in an on state, and the charging current is passed through a Zener diode group in an on state; and a connection line is used to The charging balance circuit and the battery unit are electrically connected, and when the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current charges the battery unit through the connection line. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之具充電平衡的充電裝置,其中所述齊納二極體群組的數量與所述電池單元的數量相同。A charging device having a charge balance according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the number of the Zener diode groups is the same as the number of the battery cells. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之具充電平衡的充電裝置,其中所述齊納二極體群組具有一崩潰電壓,該崩潰電壓為所述電池單元過充電的臨界電壓。A charging device having a charge balance according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the Zener diode group has a breakdown voltage which is a threshold voltage for overcharging of the battery unit. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之具充電平衡的充電裝置,其中所述齊納二極體的並聯數量與該充電電流的大小成正相關。A charging device having a charge balance according to claim 1 of the patent application, wherein the parallel number of the Zener diodes is positively correlated with the magnitude of the charging current. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之具充電平衡的充電裝置,其中所述齊納二極體群組係以模組化的方式設置在一可抽換式電路板上,該可抽換式電路板通過插接端點與該充電平 衡電路電性連接,當所述齊納二極體群組的數量在一個以上時,各齊納二極體群組為串聯。The charging device with charging balance according to the first aspect of the patent application, wherein the Zener diode group is arranged in a modular manner on a replaceable circuit board, the replaceable circuit board By plugging the end point with the charging flat The balance circuit is electrically connected. When the number of the Zener diode groups is more than one, each Zener diode group is connected in series. 一種具充電平衡的充電方法,應用在與具有至少一電池單元的電池組電性連接的環境,其步驟包括:提供一充電電流及一充電平衡電路,其中該充電平衡電路包含至少一齊納二極體群組,每一齊納二極體群組包含並聯的多個齊納二極體,以及每一齊納二極體群組並聯對應所述電池單元其中之一;將一連接線路電性連接該充電平衡電路及所述電池單元;當所述電池單元為未充飽電狀態時,該充電電流通過該連接線路持續對所述電池單元進行充電;及當所述電池單元為充飽電狀態時,並聯於所述電池單元的齊納二極體群組切換為導通狀態,並且使該充電電流通過導通狀態的齊納二極體群組。A charging method with charging balance is applied to an environment electrically connected to a battery pack having at least one battery unit, the steps comprising: providing a charging current and a charging balancing circuit, wherein the charging balancing circuit comprises at least one Zener diode a body group, each Zener diode group includes a plurality of Zener diodes connected in parallel, and each Zener diode group is parallelly connected to one of the battery cells; electrically connecting a connection line a charge balancing circuit and the battery unit; when the battery unit is in an uncharged state, the charging current continues to charge the battery unit through the connection line; and when the battery unit is fully charged The Zener diode group connected in parallel to the battery cell is switched to an on state, and the charging current is passed through a Zener diode group in an on state. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之具充電平衡的充電方法,其中所述齊納二極體群組的數量與所述電池單元的數量相同。A charging method having a charge balance according to claim 6 of the patent application, wherein the number of the Zener diode groups is the same as the number of the battery cells. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之具充電平衡的充電方法,其中所述齊納二極體群組具有一崩潰電壓,該崩潰電壓為所述電池單元過充電的臨界電壓。A charging method having a charge balance according to claim 6 of the patent application, wherein the Zener diode group has a breakdown voltage which is a threshold voltage for overcharging of the battery unit. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之具充電平衡的充電方法,其中所述齊納二極體的並聯數量與該充電電流的大小成正相關。A charging method having a charge balance according to claim 6 of the patent application, wherein the parallel number of the Zener diodes is positively correlated with the magnitude of the charging current. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之具充電平衡的充電方法,其中所述齊納二極體群組係以模組化的方式設置在一可抽換式電路板上,該可抽換式電路板通過插接端點與該充電平衡電路電性連接,當所述齊納二極體群組的數量在一個以上時,各齊納二極體群組為串聯。The charging method with charging balance according to claim 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the Zener diode group is disposed in a modular manner on a replaceable circuit board, the replaceable circuit board The plug-in terminal is electrically connected to the charge balancing circuit. When the number of the Zener diode groups is more than one, each Zener diode group is connected in series.
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