TWI455328B - Paste for producing electrode of solar cell - Google Patents
Paste for producing electrode of solar cell Download PDFInfo
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- TWI455328B TWI455328B TW097116064A TW97116064A TWI455328B TW I455328 B TWI455328 B TW I455328B TW 097116064 A TW097116064 A TW 097116064A TW 97116064 A TW97116064 A TW 97116064A TW I455328 B TWI455328 B TW I455328B
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 Boro Silicate Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002003 electrode paste Substances 0.000 description 2
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOVZUKKPYKRVIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-yl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(C)COC DOVZUKKPYKRVIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(C)=O FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCAHUFWKIQLBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-methoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound COCCCOCCCO QCAHUFWKIQLBNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015902 Bi 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CCC(C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N delta-terpineol Natural products CC(C)(O)C1CCC(=C)CC1 SQIFACVGCPWBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- RHFOYRRUVLOOJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;propanoic acid Chemical compound CCOCC.CCC(O)=O RHFOYRRUVLOOJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- IKZUTTBMFIUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde N-methylmethanamine Chemical compound C=O.CNC IKZUTTBMFIUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Description
本發明係有關於一種太陽電池之電極形成用糊，特別是有關於一種電極之機械強度及與基材間之密接性優異，同時可充分地達成太陽電池所要求之BSF(背面電場，Back surface field)效果，並抑制焙燒後基材之彎曲現象且提高太陽電池之效率，同時特別適合於高溫/高速焙燒且量產性優異之太陽電池之電極形成用糊及利用其之太陽電池之電極形成方法。 The present invention relates to a paste for forming an electrode for a solar cell, and particularly relates to an electrode having excellent mechanical strength and adhesion to a substrate, and at the same time sufficiently achieving a BSF required for a solar cell (back surface electric field, Back surface) Field), and suppresses the bending phenomenon of the substrate after baking and improves the efficiency of the solar cell, and is particularly suitable for electrode formation pastes of solar cells having high temperature/high-speed calcination and excellent mass productivity, and electrode formation of solar cells using the same method.
最近由於無公害、設備之簡便性、耐久性之提升等各種理由，太陽電池急速地擴散、普及，因此，目前研究多種可提高太陽電池之效率且量產性優異之太陽電池之製造方法。 Recently, solar cells have rapidly spread and spread due to various reasons such as pollution-free, equipment simplicity, and durability improvement. Therefore, various methods for manufacturing solar cells that can improve the efficiency of solar cells and have excellent mass productivity have been studied.
習知矽太陽電池之電極形成係將包含有導電性金屬粉末、玻璃熔塊及有機載體之糊印刷於矽基材上，並進行乾燥及焙燒而形成電極，特別是矽太陽電池之後面電極通常係使用3μm至10μm之鋁粉末。 The electrode forming system of the solar cell is printed on a ruthenium substrate by a paste containing a conductive metal powder, a glass frit and an organic carrier, and dried and calcined to form an electrode, in particular, the surface electrode of the solar cell is usually Aluminum powder of 3 μm to 10 μm is used.
又，焙燒係由低溫焙燒(500℃至750℃)及高溫焙燒(800℃至950℃)所構成，且逐漸地重視生產費用之節省與量產性，同時可藉由高溫於短時間內進行焙燒之高溫焙燒的重要性更加地抬頭。 Moreover, the calcination is composed of low-temperature calcination (500 ° C to 750 ° C) and high-temperature calcination (800 ° C to 950 ° C), and gradually pays attention to the production cost saving and mass production, and can be carried out by high temperature in a short time. The importance of high temperature roasting for roking is even more pronounced.
然而，既有使用在矽太陽電池之電極形成的後面糊在藉由高溫(800℃至950℃)於短時間內進行焙燒時卻具有以下問題，即：機械強度及與基材間之密接性降低，且於焙燒後產生基材之彎曲現象，並於形成薄電極層時降低BSF。 However, the latter paste formed using the electrode of the tantalum solar cell has the following problems when it is fired in a short time by high temperature (800 ° C to 950 ° C), that is, mechanical strength and adhesion to the substrate. It is lowered and the bending phenomenon of the substrate is generated after firing, and the BSF is lowered when the thin electrode layer is formed.
為了解決前述習知技術問題，本發明之目的係提供一種電極之機械強度及與基材間之密接性優異，同時於形成薄電極層時亦可充分地達成太陽電池所要求之BSF效果，並抑制焙燒後基材之彎曲現象且提高太陽電池之效率，同時特別適合於高溫/高速焙燒且量產性優異之太陽電池之電極形成用糊，及利用其之太陽電池之電極形成方法與藉由前述方法所製造之太陽電池之電極。 In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrode having excellent mechanical strength and adhesion to a substrate, and at the same time, sufficient to achieve a BSF effect required for a solar cell when forming a thin electrode layer, and The electrode for forming an electrode for suppressing the bending of the substrate after baking and improving the efficiency of the solar cell, and is particularly suitable for high-temperature/high-speed baking and mass production, and the electrode forming method of the solar cell using the same The electrode of the solar cell manufactured by the aforementioned method.
為了達成前述目的，本發明係提供一種太陽電池之電極形成用糊，該太陽電池之電極形成用糊包含有：a)振實密度(Tap density)至少1.28g/cc以上之鋁粉末60重量份至75重量份；b)玻璃熔塊(glass frit)1重量份至5重量份；及c)有機載體20重量份至38重量份。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a paste for forming an electrode for a solar cell, wherein the electrode for forming an electrode of the solar cell comprises: a) 60 parts by weight of aluminum powder having a tap density of at least 1.28 g/cc or more. Up to 75 parts by weight; b) 1 part by weight to 5 parts by weight of glass frit; and c) 20 parts by weight to 38 parts by weight of the organic vehicle.
較為理想的是本發明太陽電池之電極形成用糊之前述鋁粉末的振實密度宜為1.30g/cc至3.50g/cc。 It is preferable that the tap density of the aluminum powder of the paste for electrode formation of the solar cell of the present invention is preferably from 1.30 g/cc to 3.50 g/cc.
又，本發明係提供一種太陽電池之電極形成方法，該太陽電池之電極形成方法係將前述太陽電池之電極形成用 糊印刷於基材上並進行乾燥及焙燒者。 Moreover, the present invention provides a method for forming an electrode of a solar cell, wherein the electrode forming method of the solar cell is for forming an electrode of the solar cell. The paste is printed on a substrate and dried and calcined.
較為理想的是前述焙燒宜以850℃至950℃進行5秒鐘至1分鐘。 It is preferred that the calcination is carried out at 850 ° C to 950 ° C for 5 seconds to 1 minute.
又，本發明係提供一種以前述方法所製造之太陽電池之電極。 Further, the present invention provides an electrode of a solar cell manufactured by the aforementioned method.
依據本發明之太陽電池之電極形成用糊及太陽電池之電極形成方法係電極之機械強度及與基材間之密接性優異，同時於形成薄電極層時亦可充分地達成太陽電池所要求之BSF效果，並抑制焙燒後基材之彎曲現象且提高太陽電池之效率，同時特別適合於高溫/高速焙燒且量產性優異。 According to the electrode forming paste for a solar cell of the present invention and the electrode forming method of the solar cell, the mechanical strength of the electrode and the adhesion to the substrate are excellent, and the solar cell can be sufficiently obtained when forming the thin electrode layer. The BSF effect suppresses the bending phenomenon of the substrate after baking and improves the efficiency of the solar cell, and is particularly suitable for high-temperature/high-speed baking and excellent mass productivity.
以下詳細說明本發明。 The invention is described in detail below.
本發明包含有：a)振實密度至少1.28g/cc以上之鋁粉末60重量份至75重量份；b)玻璃熔塊1重量份至5重量份；及c)有機載體20重量份至38重量份。 The present invention comprises: a) from 60 parts by weight to 75 parts by weight of the aluminum powder having a tap density of at least 1.28 g/cc or more; b) from 1 part by weight to 5 parts by weight of the glass frit; and c) 20 parts by weight of the organic vehicle to 38 parts by weight Parts by weight.
於本發明中，振實密度(填充密度)係利用粉末試驗器將鋁粉末填充於100cc(cm3)體積之量瓶並實施振實2000次而除去量瓶後，將試料正確地填充成100cc並測定粉末質量(g)而將粉末質量(g)除以100之值。 In the present invention, the tap density (filling density) is obtained by filling an aluminum powder into a measuring flask of a volume of 100 cc (cm 3 ) by a powder tester and performing tapping for 2000 times to remove the measuring flask, and then correctly filling the sample into 100 cc. The powder mass (g) was determined and the powder mass (g) was divided by a value of 100.
前述a)鋁粉末之振實密度小於1.28g/cc時，無法充分地達成BSF效果，且無法抑制焙燒後基材之彎曲現象，又，在藉由高溫(800℃至950℃)於短時間內進行焙燒時會有燒 結性降低且太陽電池之效率降低之問題。 When the tap density of the a) aluminum powder is less than 1.28 g/cc, the BSF effect cannot be sufficiently achieved, and the bending of the substrate after baking cannot be suppressed, and in a short time by high temperature (800 ° C to 950 ° C). There will be burning when roasting inside The problem of reduced knot and reduced efficiency of the solar cell.
較為理想的是在本發明太陽電池之電極形成用糊中，前述鋁粉末之振實密度宜為1.30g/cc至3.50g/cc，且更為理想的是宜為1.30g/cc至2.0g/cc，於前述範圍內時，可提升填充因子(Fill Factor，曲線因子)值並進一步地使太陽電池之效率良好。 Preferably, in the paste for electrode formation of the solar cell of the present invention, the tap density of the aluminum powder is preferably from 1.30 g/cc to 3.50 g/cc, and more desirably from 1.30 g/cc to 2.0 g. /cc, within the above range, can increase the fill factor (Fill Factor) value and further improve the efficiency of the solar cell.
前述振實密度至少為1.28g/cc以上之鋁粉末可混合：i)平均粒度為1.0μm至2.8μm之球狀鋁粉末40重量份至75重量份；及ii)平均粒度為3.0μm至7.0μm之球狀鋁粉末25重量份至60重量份來加以製造，且較為理想的是宜混合：i)平均粒度為1.5μm至2.7μm之球狀鋁粉末50重量份至70重量份；及ii)平均粒度為4.0μm至6.0μm之球狀鋁粉末30重量份至50重量份，此時，於高溫/高速焙燒下燒結性優異，且可進一步地提升太陽電池之填充因子值並提高太陽電池之效率。 The aluminum powder having a tap density of at least 1.28 g/cc or more may be mixed: i) 40 parts by weight to 75 parts by weight of the spherical aluminum powder having an average particle size of 1.0 μm to 2.8 μm; and ii) an average particle size of 3.0 μm to 7.0 25 μg to 60 parts by weight of the spherical aluminum powder of μm, and it is preferred to mix: i) 50 parts by weight to 70 parts by weight of the spherical aluminum powder having an average particle size of 1.5 μm to 2.7 μm; 30 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight of the spherical aluminum powder having an average particle size of 4.0 μm to 6.0 μm. At this time, the sinterability is excellent under high-temperature/high-speed baking, and the filling factor value of the solar cell can be further increased and the solar cell can be improved. Efficiency.
前述鋁粉末宜於本發明之太陽電池之電極形成用糊中含有60重量份至75重量份，且較為理想的是含有65重量份至70重量份，於前述範圍內時，可於高溫/高速焙燒下提升燒結性及太陽電池之填充因子值。 The aluminum powder is preferably contained in the paste for electrode formation of the solar cell of the present invention in an amount of from 60 parts by weight to 75 parts by weight, and more preferably from 65 parts by weight to 70 parts by weight, and in the above range, at a high temperature/high speed. The sinterability and the fill factor value of the solar cell are improved by baking.
又，本發明之太陽電池之電極形成用糊包含有b)玻璃熔塊，前述玻璃熔塊可使用一般被使用在太陽電池之電極糊的玻璃熔塊，舉例言之，可使用軟化點為400℃至600℃之硼矽酸(Boro Silicate)鉛玻璃、矽酸鉛玻璃、鉍系玻璃或鋰系玻璃等。粒徑宜使用為1μm至10μm者，且較為理想 的是使用Bi2O3-ZnO-SiO2-B2O3-Al2O3系玻璃熔塊，此時，即使形成15μm至25μm之薄電極，亦可防止基材之彎曲現象。 Further, the paste for electrode formation of the solar cell of the present invention comprises b) a glass frit, and the glass frit can be a glass frit generally used for an electrode paste of a solar cell. For example, a softening point of 400 can be used. Boro Silicate lead glass, lead niobate glass, bismuth-based glass or lithium-based glass at a temperature of from ° C to 600 ° C. The particle diameter is preferably from 1 μm to 10 μm, and it is preferable to use a Bi 2 O 3 -ZnO-SiO 2 -B 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 -based glass frit, in which case even a thin film of 15 μm to 25 μm is formed. The electrode also prevents bending of the substrate.
又，前述玻璃熔塊宜於本發明太陽電池之電極形成用糊中含有1重量份至5重量份，且更為理想的是1.5重量%至3重量%，於前述範圍內時，會具有可輕易地構成接著力、燒結性及太陽電池之後加工程序之優點。 Further, the glass frit is preferably contained in an electrode forming paste of the solar cell of the present invention in an amount of from 1 part by weight to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably from 1.5% by weight to 3% by weight, and when it is within the above range, The advantages of adhesion, sinterability, and processing procedures after solar cells are easily formed.
又，本發明之太陽電池之電極形成用糊包含有c)有機載體，前述有機載體會透過與太陽電池之電極形成用糊的無機成分機械混合而賦與糊適合於印刷之黏稠度(consistency)及流動學特性。前述有機載體可使用一般被使用在太陽電池之電極糊的有機載體，例如可為聚合物與溶劑之混合物。前述聚合物可使用丙烯酸酯系樹脂、乙基纖維素、硝化纖維素、乙基纖維素與苯酚樹脂之聚合物、木松脂(rosin)或乙醇之聚甲基丙烯酸酯等，且較為理想的是宜為硝化纖維素。又，前述溶劑可使用：丁卡必醇醋酸酯、丁卡必醇、丙二醇單甲醚、二伸丙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚丙酸酯、乙醚丙酸酯、萜品醇(terpineol)、丙二醇單甲醚醋酸酯、二甲胺甲醛、甲基乙基酮、γ(gamma)丁內酯或乳酸乙酯等，且可單獨或混合2種以上，又，較為理想的是宜使用丁卡必醇醋酸酯。 Further, the paste for forming an electrode for a solar cell of the present invention comprises c) an organic carrier which is mechanically mixed with an inorganic component of a paste for forming an electrode for a solar cell to impart a consistency suitable for printing to a paste. And fluid characteristics. As the aforementioned organic vehicle, an organic vehicle generally used for an electrode paste of a solar cell can be used, and for example, a mixture of a polymer and a solvent can be used. As the polymer, an acrylate resin, ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, a polymer of ethyl cellulose and a phenol resin, a rosin or a polymethacrylate of ethanol, or the like can be used, and preferably, It should be nitrocellulose. Further, as the solvent, tetrabutyl alcohol acetate, tetracarbitol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether propionate, diethyl ether propionate, terpineol can be used. , propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dimethylamine formaldehyde, methyl ethyl ketone, gamma (gamma) butyrolactone or ethyl lactate, etc., may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and more preferably, it is preferred to use Carbitol acetate.
於本發明中，前述載體宜於本發明太陽電池之電極形成用糊中含有20重量%至28重量%，且聚合物與溶劑宜使用以1-10：10-1之重量比混合者。 In the present invention, the carrier is preferably contained in the electrode forming paste of the solar cell of the present invention in an amount of 20% by weight to 28% by weight, and the polymer and the solvent are preferably used in a weight ratio of 1-10:10-1.
又，本發明之太陽電池之電極形成用糊更可依需要具有一般包含於糊中的添加劑，前述添加劑之例子可列舉如：燒結助劑、增黏劑、安定劑、分散劑或界面活性劑等，且宜於本發明太陽電池之電極形成用糊中在0.1重量份至10重量份之範圍內使用。 Further, the electrode for forming an electrode of the solar cell of the present invention may further contain an additive generally contained in the paste as needed, and examples of the above-mentioned additives may be, for example, a sintering aid, a tackifier, a stabilizer, a dispersant or a surfactant. And the like is preferably used in the electrode forming paste of the solar cell of the invention in the range of 0.1 part by weight to 10 parts by weight.
本發明之太陽電池之電極形成用糊可依據預定比率摻合前述所揭示之必要成分與任意成分，且藉由摻合機或三軸滾筒等混練機將其均勻地分散，較為理想的是本發明之太陽電池之電極形成用糊宜為在藉由使用布氏(Brookfield)HBT黏度系統及# 51紡錘之多用途緯管於5rpm及25℃下進行測定時具有50PaS至200PaS之黏度者。 The paste for electrode formation of the solar cell of the present invention may be blended with the essential components and optional components disclosed above in accordance with a predetermined ratio, and uniformly dispersed by a blender such as a blender or a triaxial roller, preferably The paste for electrode formation of the solar cell of the invention is preferably a viscosity of 50 PaS to 200 PaS when measured by using a Brookfield HBT viscosity system and a multi-purpose weft tube of #51 spindle at 5 rpm and 25 °C.
又，本發明係提供一種太陽電池之電極形成方法及藉由前述方法所製造之太陽電池之電極，且前述太陽電池之電極形成方法係將前述太陽電池之電極形成用糊印刷於基材上並進行乾燥及焙燒者。於本發明之太陽電池之電極形成方法中，除了使用前述太陽電池之電極形成用糊以外，基材、印刷、乾燥及焙燒當然可使用一般被使用在太陽電池之製造的方法，舉例言之，前述基材可為印刷有前面電極(Ag電極)且業經乾燥之Si基板，又，於本發明中，前述電極可為矽太陽電池之後面電極，前述印刷可為網版印刷，前述乾燥可藉由90℃至250℃來進行，前述焙燒可以600℃至950℃來進行，較為理想的是前述焙燒宜作成以800℃至950℃，且更為理想的是以850℃至900℃進行5秒鐘至1分鐘之高溫/高速焙燒，又，前述印刷宜藉由20μm至60μm之 厚度來進行印刷。具體例係可於韓國專利公開公報第10-2006-0108550號、第10-2006-0127813號、日本專利公開公報特開2001-202822及特開2003-133567所揭示之太陽電池之結構及其製造中，使用本發明之前述太陽電池之電極形成用糊來形成太陽電池之電極。 Moreover, the present invention provides a method for forming an electrode of a solar cell and an electrode for a solar cell manufactured by the above method, and the method for forming an electrode of the solar cell is to print a paste for forming an electrode of the solar cell on a substrate. Dry and calcined. In the electrode forming method of the solar cell of the present invention, in addition to the use of the paste for electrode formation of the solar cell, a substrate, printing, drying, and baking can of course be used in a method generally used for the manufacture of a solar cell, for example, The substrate may be a dried Si substrate printed with a front electrode (Ag electrode). Further, in the present invention, the electrode may be a back surface electrode of the solar cell, and the printing may be screen printing, and the drying may be performed. The calcination may be carried out at from 90 ° C to 250 ° C, and the calcination may be carried out at from 600 ° C to 950 ° C. It is preferred that the calcination is carried out at from 800 ° C to 950 ° C, and more desirably from 850 ° C to 900 ° C for 5 seconds. High temperature/high speed baking of the clock to 1 minute, and the printing is preferably performed by 20 μm to 60 μm The thickness is used for printing. The structure and manufacture of the solar cell disclosed in Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2006-0108550, No. 10-2006-0127813, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-202822, and No. 2003-133567 In the above, the electrode for forming an electrode of the solar cell of the present invention is used to form an electrode of a solar cell.
本發明之太陽電池之電極形成方法係電極之機械強度及與基材間之密接性優異，同時於形成薄電極層時亦可充分地達成太陽電池所要求之BSF效果，並抑制焙燒後基材之彎曲現象且提高太陽電池之效率，同時特別適合於高溫/高速焙燒且量產性優異。 The electrode forming method of the solar cell of the present invention is excellent in mechanical strength and adhesion to a substrate, and can sufficiently achieve the BSF effect required for a solar cell when forming a thin electrode layer, and suppress the substrate after baking. The bending phenomenon improves the efficiency of the solar cell, and is particularly suitable for high temperature/high speed baking and excellent mass productivity.
以下提示用以理解本發明之較佳實施例，然而，下述實施例只不過是例示本發明，本發明之範圍並不限於下述實施例。 The following description is provided to understand the preferred embodiments of the present invention, however, the following examples are merely illustrative of the invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
將平均粒徑為2.68μm之球狀鋁粉末66.7重量份與平均粒徑為5.28μm之球狀鋁粉末33.3重量份均勻地混合，並製造振實密度為1.35g/cc之太陽電池之電極形成用鋁粉末。藉由三滾筒混練機，使前述振實密度為1.35g/cc之鋁粉末67.5重量份、粒徑為3.36μm且軟化點為466℃之低熔點玻璃熔塊3.0重量份、藉由72：72：131之重量比混合有乙基纖維素與硝化纖維素及丁卡必醇醋酸酯之有機載體27.7重量份、增黏劑1.5重量份、界面活性劑0.5重量份混合分散，並製造太陽電池之電極形成用糊。 66.7 parts by weight of spherical aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 2.68 μm and 33.3 parts by weight of spherical aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 5.28 μm were uniformly mixed, and an electrode of a solar cell having a tap density of 1.35 g/cc was produced. Use aluminum powder. 67.5 parts by weight of the aluminum powder having a tap density of 1.35 g/cc, 3.0 parts by weight of a low melting glass frit having a softening point of 466 ° C, and a 72:72 by a three-roller kneader. The weight of 131 is more than 27.7 parts by weight of an organic carrier mixed with ethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose and butyl carbitol acetate, 1.5 parts by weight of a tackifier, and 0.5 part by weight of a surfactant, and is produced and dispersed. A paste for electrode formation.
於前述實施例1中，除了使用混合平均粒徑為2.68μm之球狀鋁粉末50重量份與平均粒徑為5.28μm之球狀鋁粉末50重量份且振實密度為1.43g/cc之鋁粉末以外，藉由與前述實施例1相同之方法製造太陽電池之電極形成用糊。 In the foregoing Example 1, except that 50 parts by weight of a spherical aluminum powder having a mixed average particle diameter of 2.68 μm and 50 parts by weight of a spherical aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 5.28 μm and an aluminum having a tap density of 1.43 g/cc were used. A paste for forming an electrode for a solar cell was produced in the same manner as in the above Example 1 except for the powder.
於前述實施例1中，除了使用混合平均粒徑為2.68μm之球狀鋁粉末74.6重量份與平均粒徑為5.28μm之球狀鋁粉末25.4重量份且振實密度為1.29g/cc之鋁粉末以外，藉由與前述實施例1相同之方法製造太陽電池之電極形成用糊。 In the foregoing Example 1, except that 74.6 parts by weight of a spherical aluminum powder having a mixed average particle diameter of 2.68 μm and 25.4 parts by weight of a spherical aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 5.28 μm and an aluminum having a tap density of 1.29 g/cc were used. A paste for forming an electrode for a solar cell was produced in the same manner as in the above Example 1 except for the powder.
於前述實施例1中，除了藉由131：144之重量比混合丁卡必醇醋酸酯與硝化纖維素來使用有機載體以外，藉由與前述實施例1相同之方法製造太陽電池之電極形成用糊。 In the first embodiment, a paste for forming an electrode for a solar cell was produced by the same method as in the above-mentioned Example 1, except that an organic vehicle was used by mixing tetrabutyl ketone acetate and nitrocellulose in a weight ratio of 131:144. .
於前述實施例2中，除了將丁卡必醇醋酸酯與硝化纖維素混合成131：144之重量比來使用有機載體以外，藉由與前述實施例2相同之方法製造太陽電池之電極形成用糊。 In the foregoing Example 2, in the same manner as in the above Example 2, the electrode formation of the solar cell was carried out by using the same method as in the above Example 2 except that the mixture of tetracarbitol acetate and nitrocellulose was used in a weight ratio of 131:144. paste.
於前述實施例1中，除了使用平均粒徑為5.28μm且振實密度為1.24g/cc之球狀鋁粉末67.5重量份以外，藉由與前述實施例1相同之方法製造太陽電池之電極形成用糊。 In the foregoing Example 1, the electrode formation of the solar cell was produced by the same method as the above Example 1, except that 67.5 parts by weight of the spherical aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 5.28 μm and a tap density of 1.24 g/cc was used. Use paste.
於前述實施例1中，除了使用平均粒徑為2.68μm且振實密度為1.19g/cc之球狀鋁粉末67.5重量份以外，藉由與前述實施例1相同之方法製造太陽電池之電極形成用糊。 In the foregoing Example 1, the electrode formation of the solar cell was produced by the same method as the above Example 1, except that 67.5 parts by weight of the spherical aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 2.68 μm and a tap density of 1.19 g/cc was used. Use paste.
利用藉由前述實施例1至實施例5及比較例1至比較例2所製造之太陽電池之電極形成用糊，測定電極之表面狀態、低彎曲度(low bow)(mm)、Isc(A)、Voc(mV)、填充因子(Fill Factor)及太陽電池之效率，並顯示於下述表1。 The surface state, low bow (mm), and Isc (A) of the electrode were measured using the paste for electrode formation of the solar cell manufactured by the above-described Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 2. ), Voc (mV), fill factor (Fill Factor) and solar cell efficiency, and are shown in Table 1 below.
實驗方法係如下述。 The experimental method is as follows.
藉由網版印刷技法，將利用前述實施例1至實施例5及比較例1至比較例2所製造之糊全面印刷於晶圓(Wafer)之後面，並使用熱風式乾燥爐於150℃下使其乾燥6分鐘，然後，於晶圓之前面將銀(Ag)糊(paste)進行圖案印刷後，藉由相同之方法乾燥。將前述過程中所形成之晶胞(Cell)，使用帶型焙燒爐於500℃至900℃間進行焙燒20秒至30秒鐘，且依此完成製造之晶胞係使用太陽電池之效率測定裝備(印地(EndeasI)公司，魁克桑(Quicksun)120A)來觀察低彎曲度(mm)、Isc(A)、Voc(mV)、填充因子、效率(%)性能。又，晶胞表面之斑點或粗度係藉由肉眼來觀察，且於未觀察出表面之斑點時顯示為“良好”，於具有斑點時顯示為“有”，於表面具有粗部時顯示為“粗”，於表面未具有粗部時顯示為“良好”。 The pastes prepared by the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were printed on the surface of the wafer (Wafer) by a screen printing technique, and a hot air drying oven was used at 150 ° C. It was dried for 6 minutes, and then silver (Ag) paste was patterned on the front side of the wafer, and then dried by the same method. The cell formed in the foregoing process is calcined at 500 ° C to 900 ° C for 20 seconds to 30 seconds using a belt type calciner, and the unit cell manufactured by the solar cell is used to measure the efficiency of the solar cell. (Endeas I, Quicksun 120A) to observe low bend (mm), Isc (A), Voc (mV), fill factor, efficiency (%) performance. Further, the spot or the thickness of the surface of the unit cell is observed by the naked eye, and is displayed as "good" when no spot on the surface is observed, "displayed" when there is a spot, and as "having" when the surface has a thick portion. "Coarse" is displayed as "good" when the surface does not have a thick portion.
如前述表1所示，相較於使用一般被使用在習知太陽電池之振實密度小於1.25g/cc之鋁粉末的比較例1及比較例2，於本發明之實施例1至實施例5時幾乎未產生電極之表面斑點、表面粗度且良好，同時Isc(A)、Voc(mV)、填充因子及太陽電池之效率皆顯著地顯示優異之結果，特別是可確認在使用硝化纖維素時(實施例4至實施例5)是更為有效的。 As shown in the above Table 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, which were generally used for aluminum powder having a tap density of less than 1.25 g/cc in a conventional solar cell, were used in Examples 1 to 2 of the present invention. At 5 o'clock, the surface spots and surface roughness of the electrode were hardly produced, and the results of Isc (A), Voc (mV), fill factor and solar cell showed remarkable results, in particular, it was confirmed that nitrocellulose was used. The prime time (Examples 4 to 5) is more effective.
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| CN101931014B (en) * | 2009-06-26 | 2013-01-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Conductive slurry for solar battery and preparation method |
| CN101989625B (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2012-09-05 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Aluminium conductive paste for solar energy battery and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100524834C (en) * | 2005-06-07 | 2009-08-05 | E.I.内穆尔杜邦公司 | Aluminum thick film composition(s), electrode(s), semiconductor device(s), and methods of making thereof |
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| CN1540679A (en) * | 2003-04-21 | 2004-10-27 | 上海宝银电子材料有限公司 | Dedicated silve paste of stannum indium oxide and manufacturing method |
| TW200736165A (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-10-01 | Lg Chemical Ltd | Preparation method of lithium-metal composite oxides |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN101304049B (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| KR101352786B1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| TW200903813A (en) | 2009-01-16 |
| CN101304049A (en) | 2008-11-12 |
| KR20080099407A (en) | 2008-11-13 |
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