TWI447890B - Chip package structure and fabrication method thereof - Google Patents
Chip package structure and fabrication method thereof Download PDFInfo
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本發明係關於一種晶片封裝結構及其製作方法。特別是,本發明係關於一種高晶片積集度之晶片封裝結構及其製作方法。The present invention relates to a chip package structure and a method of fabricating the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a high-wafer accumulating chip package structure and a method of fabricating the same.
積體電路通常以封裝成晶片的方式,在電連接後供電子產品發揮其功能。由於目前的消費性電子產品,例如行動通訊裝置,體積雖然越來越小,但是功能卻被要求要越來越多也越複雜,這都必須仰賴高積集度的晶片封裝結構,始能將最多的晶片安排在越來越小的空間中。The integrated circuit is usually packaged into a wafer to provide an electronic product for its function after electrical connection. Since current consumer electronic products, such as mobile communication devices, are getting smaller and smaller, the functions are required to be more and more complex, which must rely on the high-accumulation chip package structure. The largest number of wafers are arranged in smaller and smaller spaces.
目前看到的解決方案是,以晶片堆疊的方式,來增加電性功能與模組化性能。若想要增加晶片的數量,以滿足電子產品更多樣變化的功能,就必須在已經堆疊的晶片中再進行堆疊。如此一來,則因堆疊的晶片數量有限,無法連續擴充增加。另外,由於目前的半導體技術,已經可以生產出效能極佳的積體電路。效能越佳,通常表示功率消耗也越大,換言之,堆疊的晶片在運作時會不斷地產生大量的廢熱有待排出。由於晶片堆疊在一起,來自積體電路不斷產生的大量廢熱幾乎沒有通路可以排除,更何況是在堆疊的晶片中再進行堆疊。這對於想要解決積體電路不斷產生大量廢熱的問題,更是雪上加霜。The solution currently seen is to increase the electrical and modular performance by stacking the wafers. If you want to increase the number of wafers to meet the changing functions of electronic products, you must stack them in the already stacked wafers. As a result, the number of stacked chips is limited and cannot be continuously expanded. In addition, due to current semiconductor technology, it is possible to produce an integrated circuit with excellent performance. The better the performance, the higher the power consumption, in other words, the stacked wafers will continue to generate a large amount of waste heat to be discharged during operation. Since the wafers are stacked together, there is almost no passage for the large amount of waste heat generated from the integrated circuits, and moreover, stacking is performed in the stacked wafers. This is even worse for the problem of trying to solve the problem that the integrated circuit continuously generates a large amount of waste heat.
還有,堆疊的晶片所不斷產生大量的廢熱會讓週遭的溫度不斷上升。由於晶片、封裝材料與堆疊結構各自都會有或大或小的熱膨脹係數。由於周遭各材料的熱膨脹係數彼此間通常都不匹配,在高溫下,晶片、封裝材料與堆疊結構的形變亦會因此不匹配。當鄰近的材料熱膨脹係數差距太大時,很容易產生摩擦並造成裂縫(crack),破壞堆疊結構的穩定性。所以這實在急需一種新穎的晶片封裝結構,來徹底解決這個問題。Also, the constant generation of a large amount of waste heat from the stacked wafers causes the surrounding temperature to rise. Since the wafer, the encapsulating material and the stacked structure each have a large or small coefficient of thermal expansion. Since the thermal expansion coefficients of the surrounding materials generally do not match each other, the deformation of the wafer, the encapsulating material and the stacked structure may also be mismatched at high temperatures. When the difference in thermal expansion coefficient of adjacent materials is too large, friction and cracks are easily generated, which deteriorates the stability of the stacked structure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a novel chip package structure to completely solve this problem.
本發明即在於提出一種晶片封裝結構,及其製作的方法。本發明的晶片封裝結構,不但可以提供高積集度之晶片堆疊,還同時考慮到晶片大量廢熱的散熱問題,所以還能夠避免材料在高溫下,形變、產生摩擦並造成裂縫,進而破壞堆疊結構穩定性的缺點。The present invention is to provide a chip package structure and a method of fabricating the same. The chip package structure of the invention can not only provide a high-accumulation wafer stack, but also consider the heat dissipation problem of a large amount of waste heat of the wafer, so that the material can be prevented from deforming, generating friction and causing cracks at high temperatures, thereby destroying the stack structure. The disadvantage of stability.
本發明於是提出一種晶片封裝結構,包含具有第一晶片接點之第一晶片、位於第一晶片之下方,具有第二晶片接點之第二晶片、位於第一晶片與第二晶片左方之第三晶片、與第三晶片電連接之第三晶片連接件,其包含第三晶片連接件接點、位於第一晶片與第二晶片右方之第四晶片、與第四晶片電連接之第四晶片連接件,其包含第四晶片連接件接點、以及一緩衝絕緣導熱材料,其包覆第一晶片、第二晶片、第三晶片、第三晶片連接件、第四晶片與第四晶片連接件,並選擇性暴露第一晶片接點、第二晶片接點、第三晶片連接件接點、與第四晶片連接件接點。The present invention therefore provides a chip package structure including a first wafer having a first wafer contact, a second wafer under the first wafer, a second wafer contact, and a left side of the first wafer and the second wafer. a third wafer, a third wafer connector electrically connected to the third wafer, comprising a third wafer connector contact, a fourth wafer located on the right side of the first wafer and the second wafer, and a fourth electrode electrically connected to the fourth wafer a four-wafer connector comprising a fourth wafer connector contact and a buffered insulating thermally conductive material covering the first wafer, the second wafer, the third wafer, the third wafer connector, the fourth wafer and the fourth wafer a connector and selectively exposing the first wafer contact, the second wafer contact, the third wafer connector contact, and the fourth wafer connector contact.
本發明於是又提出一種晶片封裝結構,包含:一晶片、一晶片連接件以及一緩衝絕緣導熱材料。其中晶片連接件包含一表面導線與一表面接點,表面接點與晶片電連接。而緩衝絕緣導熱材料則包覆晶片以及晶片連接件。The invention then proposes a chip package structure comprising: a wafer, a wafer connector and a buffer insulating thermally conductive material. The chip connector includes a surface conductor and a surface contact, and the surface contact is electrically connected to the wafer. The buffered insulating thermally conductive material covers the wafer and the wafer connector.
本發明於是又提出一種形成晶片封裝結構的方法。首先,提供一離型膜。其次,將第一晶片、第二晶片、第三晶片、第三晶片連接件、第四晶片與第四晶片連接件分別安置在離型膜上,其中第三晶片連接件與第三晶片電連接並置於該離型膜左側,第四晶片連接件與第四晶片電連接並置於離型膜右側,且第三晶片連接件包含一第三晶片連接件接點,而第四晶片連接件包含一第四晶片連接件接點,第一晶片與第二晶片位於第四晶片與該第三晶片之間,其中第一晶片包含一第一晶片接點,第二晶片包含一第二晶片接點。然後,使用一緩衝絕緣導熱材料包覆第一晶片、第二晶片、第三晶片、第三晶片連接件、第四晶片與第四晶片連接件,並選擇性暴露第一晶片接點、第二晶片接點、第三晶片連接件接點與第四晶片連接件接點,以形成所需之晶片封裝結構。The present invention then proposes a method of forming a wafer package structure. First, a release film is provided. Next, the first wafer, the second wafer, the third wafer, the third wafer connector, the fourth wafer and the fourth wafer connector are respectively disposed on the release film, wherein the third wafer connector is electrically connected to the third wafer And disposed on the left side of the release film, the fourth wafer connector is electrically connected to the fourth wafer and placed on the right side of the release film, and the third wafer connector includes a third wafer connector contact, and the fourth wafer connector includes a The fourth wafer connector contacts, the first wafer and the second wafer are located between the fourth wafer and the third wafer, wherein the first wafer comprises a first wafer contact and the second wafer comprises a second wafer contact. Then, the first wafer, the second wafer, the third wafer, the third wafer connector, the fourth wafer and the fourth wafer connector are coated with a buffered insulating and thermally conductive material, and the first wafer contact and the second wafer are selectively exposed. The wafer contacts, the third wafer connector contacts and the fourth wafer connector contacts form a desired wafer package structure.
本發明於是又提出一種形成晶片封裝結構的方法。該方法首先提供一晶片,接著提供一連接件基材,其包含一可活化之觸媒顆粒。活化觸媒顆粒,以在連接件基材表面形成一表面導線,於暴露之表面導線上形成一表面接點,以形成一連接件,將晶片與表面接點電連接,最後使用一緩衝絕緣導熱材料包覆連接件以及晶片,以形成晶片封裝結構。The present invention then proposes a method of forming a wafer package structure. The method first provides a wafer followed by a connector substrate comprising an activatable catalyst particle. The catalyst particles are activated to form a surface wire on the surface of the connecting substrate, and a surface contact is formed on the exposed surface wire to form a connecting member, electrically connect the wafer to the surface contact, and finally use a buffer insulation to conduct heat. The material encapsulates the connectors and the wafer to form a wafer package structure.
第1-7圖例示本發明形成晶片封裝結構方法的示意圖。請參閱第1圖,首先,提供一離型膜101,作為形成晶片封裝結構之基礎。離型膜101可以是聚合物,例如,聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)或矽膠等等高分子材料。離型膜101還可以稍微具有黏著力,例如可以為一種具有低黏性之膠帶,用來暫時固定住晶片封裝結構中的各組件。其次,請參閱第2圖,將預先成形之第三晶片連接件135與第四晶片連接件145,利用離型膜101的黏著力安置並暫時固定在離型膜101上。第三晶片連接件135與第四晶片連接件145會稍微相間隔一段距離,以形成一凹口102。第三晶片連接件135用做日後與第三晶片電連接之用,所以會包含第三晶片連接件接點136(圖中僅以兩點表示此接點,但第三晶片連接件135可能包含多個第三晶片連接件接點136)。類似地,第四晶片連接件145用做日後與第四晶片電連接之用,所以會包含第四晶片連接件接點146(圖中僅以兩點表示此接點,但第四晶片連接件145可能包含多個第四晶片連接件接點146)。1 to 7 are schematic views showing a method of forming a wafer package structure of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, first, a release film 101 is provided as a basis for forming a chip package structure. The release film 101 may be a polymer such as a polymer material such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or silicone. The release film 101 may also have a slight adhesive force, for example, a tape having a low viscosity for temporarily fixing the components in the chip package structure. Next, referring to Fig. 2, the pre-formed third wafer connector 135 and the fourth wafer connector 145 are placed by the adhesive force of the release film 101 and temporarily fixed to the release film 101. The third wafer connector 135 and the fourth wafer connector 145 are spaced a little apart to form a recess 102. The third wafer connector 135 is used for electrical connection to the third wafer in the future, so that the third wafer connector contact 136 is included (the contact is only shown by two points in the figure, but the third wafer connector 135 may contain A plurality of third wafer connector contacts 136). Similarly, the fourth wafer connector 145 is used for electrical connection with the fourth wafer in the future, so that the fourth wafer connector contact 146 is included (the contact is shown by only two points in the figure, but the fourth wafer connector 145 may include a plurality of fourth wafer connector contacts 146).
第三晶片連接件135與第四晶片連接件145之形成方式可以如下所述。請參考第3A至第3E圖,繪示為本發明之晶片連接件形成步驟示意圖。請先參閱第3A圖,首先,提供一連接件基材190,其包含一可活化之觸媒顆粒。當此觸媒顆粒活化之後,例如使用雷射來活化,便會形成導線。此等可活化之觸媒顆粒可以是金屬錯合物顆粒、金屬螯合物顆粒、金屬氧化物顆粒或是金屬氮化物顆粒等等,例如錳、鉻、鈀、鉑、鋁、鋅、銅、銀、金、鎳、鈷、銠、銥、鐵、鎢、釩、鉭、銦、鈦其中之一或是其任意組合的錯合物、螯合物、氧化物或氮化物。其次,請參閱第3B圖,繼續,例如以電鍍法,在連接件基材190表面可活化之觸媒顆粒上形成一層銅,而形成位於連接件基材190表面上之表面導線194與表面接點195。再來,請參閱第3C圖,使用一絕緣層192包覆連接件基材190,並選擇性暴露表面接點195。例如,先使用絕緣層192來全面性包覆連接件基材190後,再依佈線需求選擇性移除絕緣層192,即可以暴露出表面接點195。之後,請參閱第3D圖,於暴露之表面接點195上形成所需之電連接點193,於是得到第三晶片連接件135或是第四晶片連接件145,而電連接點193則分別形成第三晶片連接件接點136或第四晶片連接件接點146,其可以視不同的電連接形態而有不同的實施方式,例如焊球、鍍錫、鍍銀、鍍銅等。The manner in which the third wafer connector 135 and the fourth wafer connector 145 are formed may be as follows. Please refer to FIGS. 3A to 3E, which are schematic diagrams showing the steps of forming the wafer connector of the present invention. Referring first to Figure 3A, first, a connector substrate 190 is provided that includes an activatable catalyst particle. When the catalyst particles are activated, for example, using a laser to activate, a wire is formed. The activatable catalyst particles may be metal complex particles, metal chelate particles, metal oxide particles or metal nitride particles, etc., such as manganese, chromium, palladium, platinum, aluminum, zinc, copper, A complex, chelate, oxide or nitride of silver, gold, nickel, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, iron, tungsten, vanadium, niobium, indium, titanium, or any combination thereof. Next, referring to FIG. 3B, proceeding, for example, by electroplating, a layer of copper is formed on the catalyst particles activated on the surface of the connector substrate 190, and the surface wires 194 formed on the surface of the connector substrate 190 are bonded to the surface. Point 195. Referring again to FIG. 3C, the insulator substrate 190 is covered with an insulating layer 192 and the surface contacts 195 are selectively exposed. For example, after the insulating layer 192 is used to fully cover the connector substrate 190, the insulating layer 192 is selectively removed according to the wiring requirements, that is, the surface contact 195 may be exposed. Thereafter, referring to FIG. 3D, a desired electrical connection point 193 is formed on the exposed surface contact 195, thereby obtaining a third wafer connection member 135 or a fourth wafer connection member 145, and the electrical connection points 193 are respectively formed. The third wafer connector contact 136 or the fourth wafer connector contact 146 may have different embodiments depending on different electrical connection configurations, such as solder balls, tin plating, silver plating, copper plating, and the like.
請參閱第3E圖,視情況需要,還可以在連接件基材190上先形成一插件部196。例如在連接件基材190上形成表面導線194和表面接點195後,再全面覆蓋絕緣層192,接著暴露表面接點195而成一插件部196。插件部196例如一凹入式或是凸出式插件部,可用來和另一電子裝置197,例如記憶卡,進行外接。Referring to FIG. 3E, an insert portion 196 may also be formed on the connector substrate 190 as needed. For example, after the surface conductors 194 and the surface contacts 195 are formed on the connector substrate 190, the insulating layer 192 is completely covered, and then the surface contacts 195 are exposed to form an insert portion 196. The plug portion 196 is, for example, a recessed or male plug-in portion that can be used for external connection with another electronic device 197, such as a memory card.
接著,請參閱第4A圖,分別將第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130與第四晶片140分別依照一預定之電路佈局方式置入凹口102中,再填入一種緩衝絕緣導熱材料150。第三晶片130會與第三晶片連接件135電連接,較佳者,第三晶片130會以一垂直之方式與第三晶片連接件135電連接。類似地,第四晶片140會與第四晶片連接件145電連接,較佳者,第四晶片140亦會以一垂直之方式與第四晶片連接件145電連接。另外,第一晶片110與第二晶片120分別位於第四晶片140與第三晶片130之間,較佳者,第二晶片120主動面會以水平之方式安置於離型膜101上,以及,第一晶片110會以水平之方式位於第二晶片120之上方。連接件與線路層之間可以以打線或是覆晶的方式電連接。由於本發明之單一晶片封裝結構100中,可以容納至少四個電子晶片110/120/130/140,而達成高積集度之晶片堆疊,此為本發明特點之一。Next, referring to FIG. 4A, the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, and the fourth wafer 140 are respectively placed in the recess 102 according to a predetermined circuit layout, and then filled with a buffer insulation. Thermally conductive material 150. The third wafer 130 is electrically connected to the third wafer connector 135. Preferably, the third wafer 130 is electrically connected to the third wafer connector 135 in a vertical manner. Similarly, the fourth wafer 140 is electrically connected to the fourth wafer connector 145. Preferably, the fourth wafer 140 is also electrically connected to the fourth wafer connector 145 in a vertical manner. In addition, the first wafer 110 and the second wafer 120 are respectively disposed between the fourth wafer 140 and the third wafer 130. Preferably, the active surface of the second wafer 120 is disposed on the release film 101 in a horizontal manner, and The first wafer 110 is positioned above the second wafer 120 in a horizontal manner. The connecting member and the circuit layer can be electrically connected by wire bonding or flip chip. Since the single wafer package structure 100 of the present invention can accommodate at least four electronic wafers 110/120/130/140 to achieve a highly integrated wafer stack, this is one of the features of the present invention.
而關於各晶片的組裝順序,本發明提出了數項的實施方式。於本發明之一實施例中,也可以先將第三晶片連接件135與第四晶片連接145置入離型膜上101形成凹口102後,再一併將已經以緩衝絕緣導熱材料150黏結完成之第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、第四晶片140同時置入凹口102中,而形成所必須之電連接。而於本發明另一實施例中,也可以先將第三晶片連接件135、第四晶片連接件145置入離型膜101上以形成凹口102後,先將第三晶片130與第三晶片連接件135電連接,將第四晶片140與第四晶片連接件145電連接後,接著再將已使用緩衝絕緣導熱材料150黏結完成之第一晶片110與第二晶片120以前述方式至入凹口102中。而於另外一實施例中,也可以先將第三晶片連接件135與第三晶片130電連接,第四晶片連接件145與第四晶片140電連接後,再將兩者分別安置在離型膜101上,然後再將已使用緩衝絕緣導熱材料150黏結完成之第一晶片110與第二晶片120,以前述方式至入凹口102中。上述的實施方式都可以達成本發明多晶片堆疊的結構。Regarding the assembly sequence of the respective wafers, the present invention proposes several embodiments. In an embodiment of the present invention, the third wafer connector 135 and the fourth wafer connection 145 may be first placed on the release film 101 to form the recess 102, and then the buffered insulating heat conductive material 150 may be bonded. The completed first wafer 110, second wafer 120, third wafer 130, and fourth wafer 140 are simultaneously placed in the recess 102 to form the necessary electrical connections. In another embodiment of the present invention, the third wafer connector 135 and the fourth wafer connector 145 may be first placed on the release film 101 to form the recess 102, and then the third wafer 130 and the third wafer are first The wafer connection member 135 is electrically connected, and after the fourth wafer 140 is electrically connected to the fourth wafer connection member 145, the first wafer 110 and the second wafer 120 which have been bonded using the buffer insulation thermal conductive material 150 are then transferred in the foregoing manner. In the notch 102. In another embodiment, the third wafer connector 135 can be electrically connected to the third wafer 130. After the fourth wafer connector 145 is electrically connected to the fourth wafer 140, the two are respectively disposed in the release mode. On the film 101, the first wafer 110 and the second wafer 120, which have been bonded using the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150, are then introduced into the recess 102 in the foregoing manner. The above embodiments can achieve the structure of the multi-wafer stack of the present invention.
第一晶片110可以包含作為電連接用之第一晶片接點111,例如可以於其上預先形成焊球112。類似地,第二晶片120亦可以包含作為電連接用之第二晶片接點121,並於其上預先形成焊球(圖未示)。第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130與第四晶片140其中之至少一者為一主動元件,最多此四者全部可以為一主動元件。適合之主動元件可以為中央處理器、通訊晶片、無線訊號晶片、記憶晶片、南橋晶片、北橋晶片、繪圖晶片...等等。另外,第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130與第四晶片140其中之至少一者為一被動元件,例如電阻、電感及/或電容。The first wafer 110 may include a first wafer contact 111 as an electrical connection, for example, solder balls 112 may be formed thereon in advance. Similarly, the second wafer 120 may also include a second wafer contact 121 as an electrical connection, and solder balls (not shown) are formed thereon in advance. At least one of the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, and the fourth wafer 140 is an active component, and at most all of the four may be an active component. Suitable active components can be a central processing unit, a communication chip, a wireless signal chip, a memory chip, a south bridge wafer, a north bridge wafer, a graphics chip, and the like. In addition, at least one of the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, and the fourth wafer 140 is a passive component such as a resistor, an inductor, and/or a capacitor.
視情況需要,如第4B圖所示,可以依照一預定之電路佈局方式,使用一打線180以電連接第一晶片110與第三晶片連接件135與第四晶片連接件145之至少一者。若是以打線方式進行電連接,則第一晶片接點111上則是會形成鍍鎳/金層113。同樣的,與之電連接的第三晶片連接件電接點136則也是鍍鎳/金的形態。亦可以使用另一打線180以電連接第二晶片120與第三晶片連接件135以及第四晶片連接件145之至少一者,以形成所需之電連接關係。As desired, as shown in FIG. 4B, a plurality of wires 180 may be used to electrically connect at least one of the first wafer 110 and the third wafer connector 135 and the fourth wafer connector 145 in accordance with a predetermined circuit layout. If the electrical connection is made by wire bonding, a nickel/gold plating layer 113 is formed on the first wafer contact 111. Similarly, the third wafer connector electrical contact 136 electrically connected thereto is also in the form of a nickel/gold plated. Another wire 180 can also be used to electrically connect at least one of the second wafer 120 with the third wafer connector 135 and the fourth wafer connector 145 to form the desired electrical connection.
使用緩衝絕緣導熱材料150來包覆第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、第三晶片連接件135、第四晶片140與第四晶片連接件145。緩衝絕緣導熱材料150通常會包覆部分的第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、第三晶片連接件135、第四晶片140與第四晶片連接件145。例如,先使用緩衝絕緣導熱材料150來全面性包覆第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、第三晶片連接件135、第四晶片140與第四晶片連接件145之後,再使用雷射來移除部份的緩衝絕緣導熱材料150,所以選擇性的暴露出第一晶片接點111、第二晶片接點121,以形成所需之晶片封裝結構100。The first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, the third wafer connection 135, the fourth wafer 140, and the fourth wafer connection 145 are covered with a buffer insulating thermally conductive material 150. The buffer insulating thermally conductive material 150 typically covers portions of the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, the third wafer connector 135, the fourth wafer 140, and the fourth wafer connector 145. For example, after the first insulating wafer 150, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, the third wafer connecting member 135, the fourth wafer 140, and the fourth wafer connecting member 145 are integrally covered by the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150, A portion of the buffered insulating thermally conductive material 150 is removed using a laser, so that the first wafer contact 111 and the second wafer contact 121 are selectively exposed to form the desired wafer package structure 100.
值得注意的是,第三晶片連接件135與第四晶片連接件145的絕緣層192,其材質可以和緩衝導熱絕緣材料150相同也可以不同。當絕緣層192的材質和緩衝導熱絕緣材料150相同時,第三晶片連接件135或第四晶片連接件145的絕緣層192可以先形成,在後續步驟再以相同材質之緩衝絕緣導熱材料150包覆之。或者,第三晶片連接件135或第四晶片連接件145不形成絕緣層192而直接和第三晶片130或第四晶片140電連接後,再以緩衝絕緣導熱材料150包覆之,而形成晶片封裝結構100。It should be noted that the insulating layer 192 of the third die attaching member 135 and the fourth die attaching member 145 may be made of the same or different materials as the buffered thermally conductive insulating material 150. When the material of the insulating layer 192 is the same as that of the buffered thermally conductive insulating material 150, the insulating layer 192 of the third wafer connecting member 135 or the fourth wafer connecting member 145 may be formed first, and then wrapped with the same material of the buffer insulating and heat conducting material 150 in the subsequent step. Overwrite. Alternatively, the third wafer connector 135 or the fourth wafer connector 145 is electrically connected to the third wafer 130 or the fourth wafer 140 without forming the insulating layer 192, and then coated with the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 to form a wafer. Package structure 100.
緩衝絕緣導熱材料150同時具有電絕緣與導熱之特性。一方面,電絕緣之特性可以保持各晶片與其接點之電絕緣,另一方面,其導熱之特性又可以充分排除晶片的大量廢熱。具有鑽石結構、陶瓷(如氮化硼、氮化鋁、氧化鋁等)、矽橡膠、矽膠之材料即既具有電絕緣之特性又具有導熱之特性,也可以是一種電壓可切換電介質材料(voltage switchable dielectric,VSDM)材料,例如本身是絕緣材料,但超過一定電壓時,則可變成導體,且具有導熱效果,在靜電過大時,可以經由此材料把電流導引入接地線或接地錫球(未顯示)。還有,緩衝絕緣導熱材料150還可以具有與第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、以及第四晶片140匹配之膨脹係數,例如緩衝絕緣導熱材料150之膨脹係數會介於第一晶片、第二晶片、第三晶片、第四晶片與後續形成的增層結構內介電層(未顯示)之膨脹係數之間,例如介於5-45ppm/℃之間,最佳者為15-30ppm/℃,能夠避免材料在高溫下,形變、產生摩擦並造成裂縫,進而破壞堆疊結構穩定性的缺點。另外,緩衝絕緣導熱材料150還可以是一種柔軟、半固體之膠狀材料。The buffer insulating thermally conductive material 150 has both electrical insulation and thermal conductivity. On the one hand, the characteristics of electrical insulation can keep the electrical insulation of each wafer from its contacts, and on the other hand, its thermal conductivity can fully eliminate the large amount of waste heat of the wafer. A material having a diamond structure, ceramics (such as boron nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, etc.), tantalum rubber, or tantalum rubber has both electrical insulating properties and thermal conductivity, and can also be a voltage switchable dielectric material (voltage Switchable dielectric (VSDM) material, for example, is an insulating material itself, but when it exceeds a certain voltage, it can become a conductor and has a heat-conducting effect. When the static electricity is too large, the current can be led to the grounding wire or the grounding solder ball through the material. Not shown). In addition, the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 may further have expansion coefficients matched with the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, and the fourth wafer 140. For example, the expansion coefficient of the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 may be different. The coefficient of expansion between a wafer, a second wafer, a third wafer, and a fourth wafer and a subsequently formed dielectric layer (not shown) of the build-up layer is, for example, between 5 and 45 ppm/° C. 15-30ppm / °C, can avoid the material at high temperatures, deformation, friction and cracks, which in turn destroy the stability of the stack structure. In addition, the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 may also be a soft, semi-solid gelatinous material.
之後,視情況需要,如果緩衝絕緣導熱材料150是一種柔軟、半固體之膠狀材料,還可以將緩衝絕緣導熱材料150固化。或是,如第5圖所示,若有需要,還可以移除離型膜101,例如撕掉低黏性之膠帶。Thereafter, if necessary, if the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 is a soft, semi-solid gel-like material, the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 may also be cured. Or, as shown in Fig. 5, the release film 101 can be removed if necessary, for example, by peeling off the low-viscosity tape.
於是,經過前述方法,即可得到一晶片封裝結構100。請參閱第4A圖,本發明之晶片封裝結構100包含第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、第四晶片140、第三晶片連接件135、第四晶片連接件145與緩衝絕緣導熱材料150。第三晶片130會以一垂直之方式與第三晶片連接件電連接135,而第四晶片140亦會以一垂直之方式與第四晶片連接件145電連接。第三晶片連接件135用作與第三晶片130電連接之用,所以會包含第三晶片連接件接點136。類似地,第四晶片連接件145用作與第四晶片140電連接之用,所以會包含第四晶片連接件接點146。另外,第四晶片140與第三晶片130分別位於第一晶片110與第二晶片120之左邊或是右邊。較佳者,第二晶片120主動面會以水平之方式安置於第四晶片140與第三晶片130之間,以及,第一晶片110主動面會以水平之方式位於第二晶片120之上方。Thus, a wafer package structure 100 can be obtained by the foregoing method. Referring to FIG. 4A, the chip package structure 100 of the present invention includes a first wafer 110, a second wafer 120, a third wafer 130, a fourth wafer 140, a third wafer connector 135, a fourth wafer connector 145, and a buffer insulation. Thermally conductive material 150. The third wafer 130 is electrically connected 135 to the third wafer connector in a vertical manner, and the fourth wafer 140 is also electrically connected to the fourth wafer connector 145 in a vertical manner. The third wafer connector 135 serves for electrical connection with the third wafer 130 and will therefore include a third wafer connector contact 136. Similarly, the fourth wafer connector 145 serves to electrically connect to the fourth wafer 140, and thus will include a fourth wafer connector contact 146. In addition, the fourth wafer 140 and the third wafer 130 are located to the left or the right of the first wafer 110 and the second wafer 120, respectively. Preferably, the active surface of the second wafer 120 is disposed horizontally between the fourth wafer 140 and the third wafer 130, and the active surface of the first wafer 110 is positioned above the second wafer 120 in a horizontal manner.
第一晶片110可以包含作為電連接用之第一晶片接點111,並可以於其上預先形成焊球112(如第4A圖)或者是鍍鎳/金層113(如第4B)或是銅柱(pillar)。焊球112或銅柱可用於覆晶(flip chip)電連接用,而鍍鎳/金層113則可用於打線的電連接。類似地,第二晶片120亦可以包含作為電連接用之第二晶片接點121,並於其上預先形成焊球、鍍鎳/金層或是銅柱(圖未示)。第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、第四晶片140其中之至少一者為一主動元件,最多此四者全部可以為一主動元件。適合之主動元件可以為中央處理器、通訊晶片、無線訊號晶片、記憶晶片、南橋晶片、北橋晶片、繪圖晶片...等等。另外,第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、第四晶片140其中之至少一者為一被動元件,例如電阻、電感及/或電容。The first wafer 110 may include a first wafer contact 111 as an electrical connection, and may be formed thereon with a solder ball 112 (as shown in FIG. 4A) or a nickel/gold layer 113 (such as 4B) or copper. Pillar. The solder balls 112 or copper posts can be used for flip chip electrical connections, while the nickel/gold plating layer 113 can be used for wire bonding electrical connections. Similarly, the second wafer 120 may also include a second wafer contact 121 as an electrical connection, and a solder ball, a nickel/gold plating layer or a copper pillar (not shown) may be formed thereon in advance. At least one of the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, and the fourth wafer 140 is an active component, and at most all of the four may be an active component. Suitable active components can be a central processing unit, a communication chip, a wireless signal chip, a memory chip, a south bridge wafer, a north bridge wafer, a graphics chip, and the like. In addition, at least one of the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, and the fourth wafer 140 is a passive component such as a resistor, an inductor, and/or a capacitor.
還有,緩衝絕緣導熱150會包覆部分的第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、第三晶片連接件135、第四晶片140與第四晶片連接件145,而選擇性的暴露出第一晶片接點111、第二晶片接點121、第三晶片連接件接點136、與第四晶片連接件接點146,以形成所需之晶片封裝結構100。緩衝絕緣導熱材料150的材質可以和第三晶片連接件135與第四晶片連接件145之絕緣層192相同也可以不同。緩衝絕緣導熱材料150會同時兼具有電絕緣與導熱之特性,也可以是一種電壓可切換電介質材料(voltage switchable dielectric,VSDM)材料,例如本身是絕緣材料,但超過一定電壓時,則可變成導體,且具有導熱效果,在靜電過大時,可以經由此材料把電流導引入接地線或接地錫球(未顯示)。一方面,電絕緣之特性可以保持各晶片與其接點之電絕緣,另一方面,其導熱之特性又可以充分排除晶片的大量廢熱。鑽石結構、陶瓷(如氮化硼、氮化鋁、氧化鋁等)、矽橡膠、矽膠之材料即既具有電絕緣之特性又具有導熱之特性。還有,緩衝絕緣導熱材料150還可以具有與第一晶片110、第二晶片120、第三晶片130、以及第四晶片140匹配之膨脹係數,例如緩衝絕緣導熱材料150之膨脹係數介於第一晶片、第二晶片、第三晶片、第四晶片與後續形成的增層結構內介電層(未顯示)之膨脹係數之間,例如介於5-45ppm/℃之間,較佳為15-30ppm/℃,能夠避免材料在高溫下,形變、產生摩擦並造成裂縫,進而破壞堆疊結構穩定性的缺點。Also, the buffer insulation heat transfer 150 covers a portion of the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, the third wafer connection member 135, the fourth wafer 140, and the fourth wafer connection member 145, and is selectively The first wafer contact 111, the second wafer contact 121, the third wafer connector contact 136, and the fourth wafer connector contact 146 are exposed to form the desired wafer package structure 100. The material of the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 may be the same as or different from the insulating layer 192 of the third wafer connecting member 135 and the fourth wafer connecting member 145. The buffer insulation thermal conductive material 150 has both electrical insulation and thermal conductivity characteristics, and can also be a voltage switchable dielectric (VSDM) material, for example, an insulating material itself, but when it exceeds a certain voltage, it can become The conductor has a heat conducting effect, and when the static electricity is too large, the current can be conducted to the grounding wire or the grounding tin ball (not shown) via the material. On the one hand, the characteristics of electrical insulation can keep the electrical insulation of each wafer from its contacts, and on the other hand, its thermal conductivity can fully eliminate the large amount of waste heat of the wafer. Diamond structure, ceramics (such as boron nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, etc.), tantalum rubber, silicone rubber materials have both electrical insulation properties and thermal conductivity. In addition, the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 may further have expansion coefficients matched with the first wafer 110, the second wafer 120, the third wafer 130, and the fourth wafer 140, for example, the expansion coefficient of the buffer insulating heat conductive material 150 is first. The coefficient of expansion of the inner dielectric layer (not shown) of the wafer, the second wafer, the third wafer, the fourth wafer and the subsequently formed build-up structure is, for example, between 5 and 45 ppm/° C., preferably 15 30ppm / °C, can avoid the material at high temperatures, deformation, friction and cracks, which in turn destroy the stability of the stack structure.
另外,根據前述第1-4圖關於晶片連接件的製作方法,還可以得到本發明中一種封裝結構的另一實施方式,請同樣參考第4A圖。如第4A圖所示,本發明另一實施方式的封裝結構,包含一晶片(如第4A圖中的第三晶片130)、一晶片連接件(如第4A圖中的第三晶片連接件135)以及一緩衝絕緣導熱材料150。其中晶片連接件135相較於晶片130,係位於晶片封裝結構100的側面處。晶片連接件135係透過圖3A-3D的方式製得,其具有如第3D圖所示之表面導線194與表面接點195。連接件135包含一可活化之觸媒顆粒,透過如雷射及電鍍法可以形成表面導線194和表面接點195。緩衝絕緣導熱材料150包覆晶片130以及晶片連接件135。另外,如第3D圖所示,晶片連接件130之表面包含一絕緣層192,其包覆晶片連接件130並選擇性暴露表面接點195,使得表面接點195可透過如錫球之電連接點193與晶片130電性連接,較佳者,晶片130之主動面會以垂直的方式與晶片連接件135電連接。緩衝絕緣導熱材料150與絕緣層192的材質可以相同也可以不同,較佳者為同時兼具有電絕緣與導熱之特性,例如鑽石結構、陶瓷(如氮化硼、氮化鋁、氧化鋁等)、矽橡膠、矽膠等,也可以是一種電壓可切換電介質材料(voltage switchable dielectric,VSDM)材料,例如本身是絕緣材料,但超過一定電壓時,則可變成導體,且具有導熱效果,在靜電過大時,可以經由此材料把電流導引入接地線或接地錫球(未顯示)。Further, according to the above-described first to fourth embodiments, another embodiment of a package structure in the present invention can be obtained with respect to the method of fabricating the wafer connector. Please refer to FIG. 4A as well. As shown in FIG. 4A, a package structure according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a wafer (such as the third wafer 130 in FIG. 4A) and a wafer connector (such as the third wafer connector 135 in FIG. 4A). And a buffer insulating thermally conductive material 150. The wafer connector 135 is located at the side of the chip package structure 100 compared to the wafer 130. Wafer connector 135 is fabricated through the manner of Figures 3A-3D having surface lead 194 and surface contact 195 as shown in Figure 3D. Connector 135 includes an activatable catalyst particle that can be formed by surface lead 194 and surface contact 195 by, for example, laser and electroplating. The buffer insulating thermally conductive material 150 encapsulates the wafer 130 and the wafer connector 135. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3D, the surface of the wafer connector 130 includes an insulating layer 192 that covers the wafer connector 130 and selectively exposes the surface contacts 195 such that the surface contacts 195 are electrically connected through, for example, solder balls. The point 193 is electrically connected to the wafer 130. Preferably, the active surface of the wafer 130 is electrically connected to the wafer connector 135 in a vertical manner. The material of the buffer insulating material 150 and the insulating layer 192 may be the same or different, preferably having both electrical insulation and thermal conductivity, such as diamond structure, ceramics (such as boron nitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, etc.). ), ruthenium rubber, silicone rubber, etc., may also be a voltage switchable dielectric material (VSDM) material, for example, itself is an insulating material, but when it exceeds a certain voltage, it can become a conductor, and has a heat conduction effect, in static electricity When it is too large, the current can be led to the ground wire or grounded solder ball (not shown) via this material.
於本發明另一實施例中,晶片連接件135與晶片130,除了透過例如錫球之電連接點193進行電連接外,還可以直接以銅柱、鍍錫、鍍銀或是金屬膏的方式進行電連接。晶片連接件135與晶片130的相對位置,除了上述晶片連接件135係為於晶片130的側面外,也可以視產品的佈局與設計,而晶片130的下面或晶片130的上面。In another embodiment of the present invention, the wafer connector 135 and the wafer 130 may be directly connected by a copper pillar, a tin plating, a silver plating or a metal paste, in addition to being electrically connected through an electrical connection point 193 such as a solder ball. Make an electrical connection. The relative position of the wafer connector 135 to the wafer 130, in addition to the wafer connector 135 being the side of the wafer 130, may also depend on the layout and design of the product, the underside of the wafer 130 or the top surface of the wafer 130.
透過表面接點195,晶片連接件135可以方便的與其他元件連接。如第3E圖所示,在連接件基材190上形成表面導線194和表面接點195後,再全面覆蓋絕緣層192,接著暴露表面接點195而成一插件部196。例如一凹入式或是凸出式插件部,而與另一電子裝置197(例如記憶卡)進行外接。更或者經由各種電連接方式與其他擴充式輸入/輸出元件如USB埠等連接。Through the surface contacts 195, the wafer connector 135 can be conveniently connected to other components. As shown in FIG. 3E, after the surface wires 194 and the surface contacts 195 are formed on the connector substrate 190, the insulating layer 192 is completely covered, and then the surface contacts 195 are exposed to form an interposer portion 196. For example, a recessed or protruding plug-in portion is externally connected to another electronic device 197 (for example, a memory card). Or connected to other expansion input/output components such as USB ports or the like via various electrical connections.
本發明所提出之晶片封裝結構各種實施方式,可以與其他電子裝置電連接。例如,請參閱第6圖,將本發明之晶片封裝結構之實施方式與另一晶片封裝結構200電連接。或者,請參閱第7圖,上下兩面至少一面可做至少一層之增層結構後,再製作連接墊與其他封裝結構200連接,例如與一增層結構210電連接,以發揮相輔相成之功效。值得注意的是,若考量到增層結構的熱膨脹係數,晶片封裝結構中的緩衝絕緣導熱材料150膨脹係數會介於第一晶片、第二晶片、第三晶片、第四晶片,以及增層結構內介電層之膨脹係數之間。Various embodiments of the chip package structure proposed by the present invention can be electrically connected to other electronic devices. For example, referring to FIG. 6, an embodiment of a wafer package structure of the present invention is electrically coupled to another wafer package structure 200. Alternatively, referring to FIG. 7, after at least one of the upper and lower sides can be made of at least one layer of the layered structure, the connection pads are connected to other package structures 200, for example, electrically connected to a build-up structure 210 to perform complementary functions. It should be noted that, if the coefficient of thermal expansion of the build-up structure is considered, the coefficient of expansion of the buffered and thermally conductive material 150 in the chip package structure may be between the first wafer, the second wafer, the third wafer, the fourth wafer, and the build-up structure. Between the expansion coefficients of the inner dielectric layer.
綜上而言,根據本發明所提出一種製造封裝結構的方法,由於本發明巧妙的利用位於左右側邊的晶片連接件,因此不僅晶片可以朝上下堆疊,還可以延伸至左右之周邊兩側,充分利用電路板所有的表面,而可以形成如第4A圖的四晶片封裝結構,可以大幅增加堆疊率,因此特別適合用於載板的設計。另外,位於封裝結構中左右兩側的晶片連接件,其具有表面之導線以及表面連接點,以簡單的電鍍和雷射方法即可形成,可避免習知技術中晶片向外連結之物件多以塞孔、鑽孔等方式內填線路,增加了許多製作成本與時間。因此利用此預先形成好之晶片連接件,即可快速與晶片連接,而增加封裝結構中側面空間之運用,且晶片透過此晶片連接件,可以方便向外與其他電子元件連接,大大增加了封裝結構的使用彈性。In summary, according to the method for manufacturing a package structure according to the present invention, since the present invention skillfully utilizes the wafer connectors located on the left and right sides, not only the wafers can be stacked up and down, but also can be extended to the left and right sides. By making full use of all the surfaces of the board, a four-chip package structure as shown in FIG. 4A can be formed, which can greatly increase the stacking ratio, and thus is particularly suitable for the design of the carrier board. In addition, the wafer connectors on the left and right sides of the package structure have surface wires and surface connection points, which can be formed by simple electroplating and laser methods, and can avoid the problems of the externally connected objects in the prior art. Filling holes in holes, holes, etc., adds a lot of manufacturing costs and time. Therefore, by using the pre-formed chip connector, the wafer can be quickly connected to the wafer, and the use of the side space in the package structure is increased, and the wafer can be easily connected to other electronic components through the chip connector, thereby greatly increasing the package. The flexibility of the structure.
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes and modifications made to the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.
100...晶片封裝結構100. . . Chip package structure
101...離型膜101. . . Release film
102...凹口102. . . Notch
110...第一晶片110. . . First wafer
111...第一晶片接點111. . . First wafer contact
112...焊球112. . . Solder ball
113...鍍鎳/金層113. . . Nickel/gold plating
120...第二晶片120. . . Second chip
121...第二晶片接點121. . . Second wafer contact
130...第三晶片130. . . Third chip
135...第三晶片連接件135. . . Third chip connector
136...第三晶片連接件接點136. . . Third chip connector contact
140...第四晶片140. . . Fourth chip
145...第四晶片連接件145. . . Fourth wafer connector
146...第四晶片連接件接點146. . . Fourth wafer connector contact
150...緩衝絕緣導熱材料150. . . Buffered insulation material
180...打線180. . . Line
190...連接件基材190. . . Connector substrate
191...立體導線191. . . Stereo wire
192...絕緣層192. . . Insulation
193...電連接點193. . . Electrical connection point
194...表面導線194. . . Surface wire
195...表面接點195. . . Surface contact
196...插件部196. . . Plugin department
197...電子裝置197. . . Electronic device
200...晶片封裝結構200. . . Chip package structure
210...增層結構210. . . Layered structure
第1-7圖例示本發明形成晶片封裝結構方法的示意圖。1 to 7 are schematic views showing a method of forming a wafer package structure of the present invention.
100...晶片封裝結構100. . . Chip package structure
101...離型膜101. . . Release film
110...第一晶片110. . . First wafer
111...第一晶片接點111. . . First wafer contact
112...焊球112. . . Solder ball
120...第二晶片120. . . Second chip
121...第二晶片接點121. . . Second wafer contact
130...第三晶片130. . . Third chip
135...第三晶片連接件135. . . Third chip connector
136...第三晶片連接件接點136. . . Third chip connector contact
140...第四晶片140. . . Fourth chip
145...第四晶片連接件145. . . Fourth wafer connector
146...第四晶片連接件接點146. . . Fourth wafer connector contact
150...緩衝絕緣導熱材料150. . . Buffered insulation material
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TW434665B (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2001-05-16 | Advanced Semiconductor Eng | Multi-chip module structure |
TW200828542A (en) * | 2006-12-25 | 2008-07-01 | Phoenix Prec Technology Corp | Circuit board structure having embedded semiconductor component and fabrication method thereof |
TW200942108A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Unimicron Technology Corp | Circuit board and fabricating process thereof |
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TW434665B (en) * | 1999-12-31 | 2001-05-16 | Advanced Semiconductor Eng | Multi-chip module structure |
TW200828542A (en) * | 2006-12-25 | 2008-07-01 | Phoenix Prec Technology Corp | Circuit board structure having embedded semiconductor component and fabrication method thereof |
TW200942108A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Unimicron Technology Corp | Circuit board and fabricating process thereof |
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