TWI443617B - Thermochromatic device and thermochromatic display apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Thermal display element and thermal display device

The present invention relates to a thermally induced display element and a thermally induced display device using the same.

Currently, electronic paper is a relatively common display device that does not require a backlight. Electronic paper is a new type of information carrier. Because it can replace traditional paper, it has broad application prospects and great commercial value in multiple fields such as advertising, newspapers and books. Currently, electronic papers appearing on the market mainly use electrophoretic display technology. Electrophoretic display technologies include microcapsule electrophoresis, microcup electrophoresis, and electronic powder fluid technology.

The microcapsule electrophoresis technology encloses the black and white charged particles and the electrophoretic medium in a microencapsulated droplet structure to form microcapsules, and then respectively provides a conductive back plate and a transparent conductive layer on the upper and lower ends of each microcapsule. An electric field is applied to the microcapsules through the conductive back plate and the transparent conductive layer to control the lifting movement of the different charge black and white particles in the microcapsules to exhibit a black and white monochrome display effect.

Micro-cup electrophoresis technology is to apply a molding liquid on a plastic film with a transparent conductive layer, generate a micro-cup array through a continuous micro-molding process, fill the electrophoretic medium and positively charged white particles, apply a sealing liquid and then cure Then, a conductive back plate and a transparent conductive layer are provided. Forming a positive and negative electric field by supplying power to the conductive back plate and the transparent conductive layer The positively charged white particles are driven to form the pattern seen by the eye.

The electronic powder fluid technology seals an electrophoretic medium and a positively and negatively charged black and white two-color powder between two bottom plates having electrodes. By applying an electric field between the two bottom plates having the electrodes, the black and white two-color powders with positive and negative charges are respectively flowed to achieve display image.

However, since the above-mentioned electrophoretic display technology uses charged particles in the electronic paper, the charged particles are generally only white and black, which makes the electronic paper unable to realize color display.

In view of this, it is indeed necessary to provide a heat-sensitive display element and a display device which are low in cost and capable of realizing color display.

A heat-sensitive display element comprising: a closed casing, the closed casing comprising at least one transparent portion; an insulation layer disposed in the closed casing, and dividing the closed casing into a first space and a a second space, the isolating layer is an opaque structure, the isolating layer comprises a plurality of micropores; a first heating element, the first heating element is disposed on an end of the closed casing adjacent to the first space; and a second heating element The second heating element is disposed on one end of the closed casing adjacent to the second space; a layer of colored coloring material, the layer of colored coloring material is present in the first space or the second space in a non-gaseous state, the colored coloring The material layer is converted between the first space and the second space by the conversion between the non-gas phase and the gas phase by the action of the first heating element or the second heating element.

A thermally induced display device comprising: a first electrode plate, the first electrode plate comprising a plurality of first row electrodes and a plurality of first column electrodes, the plurality of first row electrodes and the plurality of first column electrodes crossing Setting a plurality of first grids; a second electrode plate The second electrode plate includes a plurality of second row electrodes and a plurality of second column electrodes, and the plurality of second row electrodes and the plurality of second column electrodes are disposed to form a plurality of second grids, and the second electrode The plate is disposed opposite to the first electrode plate, the first mesh and the second mesh are in one-to-one correspondence; a plurality of thermally induced display elements, the plurality of thermally induced display elements are arranged in the array to form a plurality of rows and columns, each The thermally induced display element corresponds to a first grid and a second grid. Each of the heat-sensitive display units includes: a closed casing, the closed casing includes at least one transparent portion; an insulation layer disposed in the closed casing, and dividing the closed casing into the first space and the second a first heating element disposed at an end of the closed casing adjacent to the first space; a second heating element disposed on an end of the closed casing adjacent to the second space; a layer of colored chromogenic material, the thermochromic The material is disposed in the first space or the second space. The layer of colored chromogenic material undergoes a phase change to a gas phase state under the action of the first heating element, and the layer of colored chromogenic material in the gas phase state passes through the gas phase and the non-phase under the action of the first heating element or the second heating element. The transition between the gas phases achieves a positional shift in the first space and the second space. The first heating elements of each row of thermally induced display elements are electrically connected to a first row of electrodes, each column of first heating elements and a first column of electrodes; the second heating elements of each row of thermally induced display elements are respectively associated with a second Row electrodes, each column of second heating elements and a second column of electrodes are electrically connected.

Compared with the prior art, in the thermally induced display element and the thermally induced display device provided by the present invention, when a color is required to be displayed, the colored layer of colored color developing material can display color in the first space, when erasing is required, Heating the colored coloring material layer by the first heating element, causing the colored coloring material layer to phase change into a gas, and reaching the second space through the isolation layer, since the isolation layer is opaque, thereby achieving erasing; When the color is displayed, the layer of the colored coloring material in the second space is turned into a gas permeation barrier layer to reach the first space by heating the second heating element, thereby realizing The color is displayed. Compared with the prior art, the thermally induced display device and the thermally induced display element provided by the present invention do not need charged particles, and the display is realized by the color of the layer of the thermally induced colored coloring material. Since the color of the colored material layer is rich, color display can be realized. .

100,200,300‧‧‧thermal display components

102,202,302‧‧‧closed housing

1022, 2022, 3022‧‧‧ upper substrate

1024, 2024, 3024‧‧‧ lower substrate

1026, 2026, 3026‧‧‧ side panels

3026a‧‧‧First Conductive Department

3026b‧‧‧Second Conductive Department

3026c‧‧‧Insulation

104,204,304‧‧‧Isolation

1042‧‧‧ spacer

106,206,306‧‧‧First heating element

108,208,308‧‧‧second heating element

110,210,310‧‧‧Colored chromogenic material layer

114,214,314‧‧‧first electrode

116,216,316‧‧‧second electrode

120, 220, 320‧‧‧ first space

122,222,322‧‧‧Second space

40‧‧‧Thermal display device

42‧‧‧First electrode plate

44‧‧‧Second electrode plate

420‧‧‧ first surface

440‧‧‧ second surface

422‧‧‧first row of electrodes

424‧‧‧first column electrode

442‧‧‧second row electrode

444‧‧‧Second column electrode

426‧‧‧First Grid

446‧‧‧ second grid

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of a carbon nanotube drawn film used as a heating element in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a carbon nanotube segment in the carbon nanotube film of Fig. 2.

Figure 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of a non-twisted nanocarbon line used as a heating element in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a scanning electron micrograph of a twisted nanocarbon line as a heating element in the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element of a third embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a thermochromic element of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a plan view showing a thermochromic display device using the thermochromic element of the first embodiment of the present invention.

The thermally induced display element and the thermally induced display device of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed description of the steps.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a thermally induced display element 100. The thermally induced display element 100 includes a closed casing 102. An isolation layer 104 is disposed on the closed casing. 102, and the closed casing 102 is divided into a first space 120 and a second space 122; a first heating element 106 for heating the first space 120; a second heating element 108, The second heating element 108 is configured to heat the second space 122; a colored coloring material layer 110 disposed in the first space 120, the colored coloring material layer 110 being a colored material, which is certain The phase change to a gaseous state occurs at a temperature, and the gaseous colored chromogenic material layer 110 can be positionally converted between the first space 120 and the second space 122 through the isolation layer. The thermally induced display element further includes at least two first electrodes 114 and at least two second electrodes 116. The at least two first electrodes 114 are electrically connected to the first heating element 106, respectively, and the at least two second electrodes 116 are electrically connected to the second heating element 108, respectively.

The shape of the closed casing 102 is not limited, and may be a cubic, a rectangular parallelepiped, a triangular prism, a cylinder or the like. The closed casing 102 is formed by an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and a side plate package. The shape of the upper substrate, the lower substrate or the side plate is not limited, and may be a flat plate structure or an arc structure. In this embodiment, the closed casing 102 is a cubic structure, and includes an upper substrate 1022 and a lower substrate 1024. The upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024 are oppositely disposed. The enclosed housing 102 further includes four side panels 1026 disposed between the upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024. The upper substrate 1022, the lower substrate 1024 and the four side plates 1026 are packaged to form the closed casing 102. At least one of the upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024 may be a transparent substrate as a transparent portion of the closed casing 102. The material of the transparent substrate can be Think of glass or transparent polymer materials. The transparent polymer material includes polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyimine (PI), polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polychloroprene. (PC) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). When both the upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024 are transparent substrates, the thermally induced display element 100 can also realize double-sided display. In this embodiment, the upper substrate 1022 is a transparent substrate. The material of the lower substrate 1024 and the four side plates 1026 is an insulating material, and may be ceramic, plastic, rubber or the like. The materials of the upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024 are preferably materials resistant to high temperatures.

The material of the spacer layer 104 is an opaque material, preferably a light or white opaque material. It can be understood that the color of the isolation layer 104 should be different from the color of the colored coloring material layer 110 to achieve a clear display effect. The isolation layer 104 is suspended in the closed casing 102 or partially suspended in the closed casing 102. The suspended arrangement means that the isolation layer does not contact the upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024 of the closed casing 102. The partial floating means that a part of the isolation layer 104 is in contact with the upper substrate 1022 or the lower substrate 1024 of the closed casing 102. Referring to FIG. 2, the isolation layer 104 may be an opaque film structure, and the isolation layer 104 of the film structure is suspended in the closed casing 102. The outer periphery of the separator 104 of the film structure may be fixed to the side plate 1026 by a bonding agent or a mechanical fixing method, or may be embedded on the side plate 1026. The separator 104 of the film structure may be a semipermeable membrane formed of a material polymer material, such as a cell wall, a bladder membrane or a parchment paper. The spacer layer 104 may also be a semi-transparent wall formed by depositing other materials in the pores of a porous substrate, such as an isolation layer 104 formed by depositing copper ferricyanide particles in the pores of the unglazed ceramic. Referring to FIG. 3, the isolation layer 104 is partially suspended in the closed casing 102. The isolation layer 104 is an isolation structure composed of a plurality of small spacers 1042. The spacer 1042 is a microbead structure, and the shape of the spacer 1042 should be two A small, medium-sized structure, such as a fusiform, rugby-shaped, "middle" or octahedral. The plurality of spacers 1042 are filled in the closed housing 102. Since the two ends of the spacer 1042 have a small intermediate large structure, the intermediate portions of the spacers 1042 are in contact with each other, and both ends of the spacer 1042 are formed into a first space 120 and a second space 122 due to the tip structure. Both ends of the spacer 1042 are in contact with the upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024 of the closed casing 102, respectively. The intermediate portions of the spacers 1042 are in close contact with each other to prevent the formation of large holes from damaging the opacity of the spacer layer 104. In order to prevent the spacer 1042 from affecting the display effect of the thermally induced display element 100, the contact area of one end of the spacer 1042 with the upper substrate 1022 should be as small as possible. The material of the spacer 1042 may be ceramic or plastic, etc. Preferably, the material of the spacer 1042 has a certain heat resistance. The intermediate portions of the spacers 1042 are in contact with each other. Since the surface of the spacers 1042 has a certain roughness, the surfaces of the spacers 1042 contacting each other have a plurality of micropores, which can pass the gas and cannot make the liquid or The solid passed. The pore diameter of the micropores is preferably from 1 μm to 100 μm. Since the pore size of the micropores is small and difficult to discern with the naked eye, the micropores do not impair the opacity of the separator 104. The shape of the spacer 1042 is not limited, and it is only necessary to ensure that the spacer 104 formed by the spacer 1042 has a plurality of micropores to allow gas to pass therethrough. In this embodiment, the isolation layer 104 is a film-like isolation layer having the same shape as the upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024, and is parallel to the upper substrate 1022 and the lower substrate 1024, and the outer periphery of the isolation layer 104. The edges are respectively fixed to the four side plates 1026 by a bonding agent. The isolation layer 104 has a plurality of micropores such that gas can pass between the first space 120 and the second space 122. The isolation layer 104 is used to isolate the first space 120 and the second space 122 such that the first space 120 and the second space 122 can pass only gas and cannot pass liquid or solid. In this embodiment, the isolation layer 104 is a parchment paper having a thickness of 100 micrometers.

The first space 120 is surrounded by an upper substrate 1022, an isolation layer 104, and four side plates 1026. The second space 122 is surrounded by a lower substrate 1024, an isolation layer 104, and four side plates 1026. The first space 120 and the second space 122 are respectively located at two sides of the isolation layer 104. The size and shape of the first space 120 and the second space 122 may be the same or different. The first space 120 is sized and shaped by the distance between the upper substrate 1022 and the isolation layer 104 and the distance between the side panels 1026. The size and shape of the second space 122 is determined by the distance between the lower substrate 1024 and the isolation layer 104 and the distance between the side plates 1026. The size and shape of the first space 120 and the second space 122 may be the same or different. In this embodiment, the first space 120 and the second space 122 have the same size and shape.

The material of the colored chromogenic material layer 110 is a colored material, and the colored material is in a solid or liquid state. At a fixed temperature, the colored chromogenic material layer 110 undergoes a phase change to a gaseous state. The material of the colored chromogenic material layer 110 may be a sublimable solid such as iodine, naphthalene or the like. The layer of thermally colored colored material 110 can also be a colored liquid such as bromine. The colored coloring material layer 110 is disposed inside the first space 120 or inside the second space 122. In this embodiment, the colored chromogenic material layer 110 is located in the second space 122. Since the isolation layer 104 is an opaque structure, the colored chromogenic material layer 110 cannot display color through the upper substrate 1022. When the second heating element 108 is heated to the second space 122 through the lower substrate 1024, the colored coloring material layer 110 is phase-transformed into a gaseous state at a fixed temperature, and the colored state of the colored coloring material layer 110 passes. The isolation layer 104 reaches the first space 120. Since the temperature in the first space 120 is low, the colored color developing material layer 110 in the gaseous state changes back to a solid or liquid state in the first space 120. At this time, since the upper substrate 1022 is a transparent substrate, the colored coloring material layer 110 is a colored material, and the color display of the thermally induced display element 100 can be realized by the transparent upper substrate 1022. When the heat-induced display element 100 needs to erase the color, the first space 120 is heated by the first heating element 106 to make the color display The color material layer 110 undergoes a phase change to a gas state at a fixed temperature, and the gas state colored coloring material layer 110 reaches the second space 122 through the isolation layer 104. Since the temperature in the second space 122 is low, the gaseous state The layer of colored chromogenic material 110 changes back to a solid or liquid state within the second space 122. There is no colored chromogenic material layer 110 in the first space 120, and the isolation layer 104 is opaque material, and the transparent upper substrate 1022 no longer displays color, realizing color erasing of the thermally induced display element 100.

The first heating element 106 may be disposed on an inner surface or an outer surface of the upper substrate 1022. In this embodiment, the first heating element 106 is located on an outer surface of the upper substrate 1022, and heat is supplied to the first space 120 through the upper substrate 1022. In this embodiment, since the upper substrate 1022 is a transparent substrate, and the colored coloring material layer 110 needs to display color through the upper substrate 1022, the first heating element 106 should also be a transparent layered structure. The first heating element 106 may be an indium tin oxide (ITO) film or a carbon nanotube layer structure. The second heating element 108 may be disposed on an outer surface or an inner surface of the lower substrate 1024. In this embodiment, the second heating element 108 is disposed on an outer surface of the lower substrate 1024 through which heat is supplied to the second space 122. The second heating element 108 has a layered structure and may be transparent or opaque. The second heating element 108 can be a metal layer, an ITO film or a carbon nanotube layer structure.

The carbon nanotube layered structure includes at least one layer of carbon nanotube film. When the carbon nanotube layered structure includes at least two layers of carbon nanotube film, the at least two layers of carbon nanotube film are stacked or arranged side by side. The carbon nanotube membrane comprises uniformly distributed carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes are tightly bonded by van der Waals force. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are disordered or ordered. The disordered arrangement here means that the arrangement direction of the carbon nanotubes is irregular, and the ordered arrangement here means that at least most of the arrangement of the carbon nanotubes has a certain regularity. Specifically, when the carbon nanotube film comprises a disordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes, the carbon nanotubes are intertwined or isotropically aligned; when the carbon nanotube layered structure comprises an ordered arrangement of carbon nanotubes The carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation in one direction or in a plurality of directions. In this embodiment, preferably, the carbon nanotube layer structure comprises a plurality of stacked carbon nanotube films, and the carbon nanotube layer structure preferably has a thickness of 0.5 nm to 1 mm. Preferably, the carbon nanotube layered structure has a thickness of from 100 nm to 0.1 mm. It can be understood that when the transparency of the layer structure of the carbon nanotube is related to the thickness of the layer structure of the carbon nanotube, the transmittance of the layer structure of the carbon nanotube is smaller when the thickness of the layer structure of the carbon nanotube is smaller. The better. The carbon nanotube layered structure has a heat capacity per unit area of less than 2 x 10 ^-4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. Preferably, the carbon nanotube layer structure has a heat capacity per unit area of 1.7×10 ^-6 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. Since the heat capacity of the carbon nanotube is small, the heating element composed of the carbon nanotube layer structure has a faster heat response speed and can be used for rapid heating of the object. It can be understood that the thermal response speed of the carbon nanotube layered structure is related to its thickness. In the case of the same area, the greater the thickness of the carbon nanotube layered structure, the slower the heat response speed; conversely, the smaller the thickness of the carbon nanotube layered structure, the faster the heat response speed.

Referring to FIG. 4, the carbon nanotube film may be a carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube film is a carbon nanotube film obtained by directly pulling from a carbon nanotube array. Each nanotube film is a self-supporting structure composed of several carbon nanotubes. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along substantially the same direction. The preferred orientation means that the majority of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film extend substantially in the same direction. Moreover, the overall direction of extension of the majority of the carbon nanotubes is substantially parallel to the surface of the carbon nanotube film. Further, most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube membrane are connected end to end by Van der Waals force. Specifically, the carbon nanotube film is substantially extended in the same direction Each of the carbon nanotubes in the majority of the carbon nanotubes is connected end to end with the van der Waals force in the extending direction. Of course, there are a few randomly arranged carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film, and these carbon nanotubes do not significantly affect the overall orientation of most of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film. The self-supporting carbon nanotube film does not require a large-area carrier support, but can maintain a self-membrane state as long as the supporting force is provided on both sides, that is, the carbon nanotube film is placed (or fixed on) When the two supports are disposed at a fixed distance, the carbon nanotube film located between the two supports can be suspended to maintain the self-membrane state. The self-supporting is mainly achieved by the presence of a continuous carbon nanotube in the carbon nanotube film which is continuously arranged by van der Waals force.

Specifically, most of the carbon nanotube membranes extending substantially in the same direction in the same direction are not absolutely linear, and may be appropriately bent; or may not be completely aligned in the extending direction, and may be appropriately deviated from the extending direction. Therefore, partial contact between the carbon nanotubes juxtaposed in the majority of the carbon nanotubes extending substantially in the same direction of the carbon nanotube film cannot be excluded.

The thickness of the carbon nanotube film is 0.5 nm to 100 μm, and the width is related to the size of the carbon nanotube array for pulling the carbon nanotube film, and the length is not limited.

When the carbon nanotube layered structure adopts a carbon nanotube film, it may comprise a plurality of layers of carbon nanotube film laminated, and the nano carbon in the adjacent two layers of carbon nanotube film A cross angle α is formed between the tubes along the axial direction of the carbon nanotubes in each layer, and α is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 90 degrees (0° ≦ α ≦ 90°). a gap is formed between the plurality of carbon nanotube films or between adjacent carbon nanotubes in a carbon nanotube film, thereby forming a plurality of micropores in the carbon nanotube structure. The pores have a pore size of less than about 10 microns.

Referring to FIG. 5, the carbon nanotube film may also be a carbon nanotube film. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is a carbon nanotube membrane formed by a flocculation method. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane comprises carbon nanotubes which are intertwined and uniformly distributed. The carbon nanotubes are attracted and entangled by van der Waals forces to form a network structure. The carbon nanotube flocculation membrane is isotropic. The length and width of the carbon nanotube film are not limited. Since the carbon nanotubes are intertwined in the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane, the carbon nanotube flocculation membrane has good flexibility and is a self-supporting structure, which can be bent and folded into any shape without breaking. . The area and thickness of the carbon nanotube film are not limited, and the thickness is 1 micrometer to 1 millimeter.

The carbon nanotube film may also be a carbon nanotube rolled film formed by rolling an array of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube rolled film comprises uniformly distributed carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes are arranged in the same direction or in different directions. The carbon nanotubes can also be isotropic. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film partially overlap each other and are attracted to each other by the van der Waals force, and are tightly bonded. The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film form an angle β with the surface of the growth substrate forming the carbon nanotube array, wherein β is greater than or equal to 0 degrees and less than or equal to 15 degrees (0≦β≦15) °). The carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube rolled film have different arrangements depending on the manner of rolling. Referring to Figure 6, when rolled in the same direction, the carbon nanotubes are arranged in a preferred orientation along a fixed orientation. It can be understood that when crushed in different directions, the carbon nanotubes can be arranged in a preferred orientation in a plurality of directions. The thickness of the carbon nanotube rolled film is not limited, and is preferably from 1 μm to 1 mm. The area of the carbon nanotube rolled film is not limited, and is determined by the size of the carbon nanotube array that is rolled out of the film. When the size of the carbon nanotube array is large, a large area of the carbon nanotube rolled film can be crushed.

Using a carbon nanotube layered structure as the first heating element 106 or the second heating element 108 The first advantage is that: since the carbon nanotube layered structure is composed of a carbon nanotube, the carbon nanotube is not easily oxidized, so the life of the first heating element 106 or the second heating element 108 is longer; The density of the nano-carbon tubular structure is small, so the quality of the thermotropic display element 100 is light; thirdly, the layered structure of the carbon nanotube has good flexibility and can be bent without being damaged. Therefore, the thermally induced display element 100 can be made into a flexible structure; fourthly, the carbon nanotube layered structure has less heat solubility and a faster thermal response speed, which can make the thermotropic display element 100 sensitive and achieve faster display. Effects and wiping effects.

The at least two first electrodes 114 are configured to connect the first heating element 106 and an external circuit, so that an external circuit sends a current to the first heating element 106 through the at least two first electrodes 114, thereby causing the first heating element 106 produces Joule heat for heating. The at least two first electrodes 114 are disposed on a surface of the first heating element 106. The at least two first electrodes 114 may be disposed on the surface of the first heating element 106 through a conductive adhesive (not shown), and the conductive adhesive is better fixed to the first heating element in the first electrode 114. At the same time, the surface of 106 can also maintain good electrical contact between the first electrode 114 and the first heating element 106. The conductive adhesive may be a silver paste. The at least two first electrodes 114 are made of a conductive material, and the shape thereof is not limited, and may be a conductive film, a metal piece or a metal lead. When the at least two first electrodes 114 are disposed on the surface of the first heating element 106, in order to prevent the at least two first electrodes 114 from affecting the light transmittance of the first heating element 106, the number of the first electrodes 114 is preferably There are two, and the first electrode 114 has a linear or strip-like structure or the first electrode 114 is a material having good light transmittance. The at least two first electrodes 114 are each a conductive film. The material of the conductive film may be metal, alloy, indium tin oxide (ITO), antimony tin oxide (ATO), conductive silver paste, conductive polymer or conductive carbon nanotube. The metal or alloy material may be aluminum, copper, tungsten, molybdenum, gold, titanium, tantalum An alloy of palladium, rhodium or any combination thereof. In this embodiment, the number of the first electrodes 114 is two, and the material thereof is a strip-shaped metal palladium film having a thickness of 5 μm. The two first electrodes 114 are respectively disposed at two ends of the first heating element 106 and mutually parallel. When the first heating element 106 adopts a carbon nanotube layered structure, and the carbon nanotube layered structure includes a plurality of ordered carbon nanotubes, the axial direction of the plurality of ordered carbon nanotubes is substantially vertical And at least two first electrodes 114. Further, the at least two first electrodes 114 are electrically connected to an external circuit through electrode leads (not shown).

The at least two second electrodes 116 are configured to connect the second heating element 108 and the external circuit, so that the external circuit sends a current to the second heating element 108 through the at least two second electrodes 116, thereby causing the second heating element 108 produces Joule heat for heating. The at least two second electrodes 116 are disposed on a surface of the second heating element 108. The material of the at least two second electrodes 116 is the same as the material of the first electrode 114, the arrangement between the second electrode 116 and the second heating element 108 and the arrangement between the first electrode 114 and the first heating element 106 The relationship is the same. Further, the at least two second electrodes 116 are electrically connected to an external circuit through electrode leads (not shown).

When the thermally induced display element 100 provided in this embodiment is in use, when the colored chromogenic material layer 110 is located in the first space 120, since the material of the colored chromogenic material layer 110 is a colored material, the upper substrate 1022 is transparent. The substrate, the colored coloring material layer 110 can display color through the upper substrate 1022, thereby enabling the thermally induced display element 100 to achieve a display effect. When the colored chromogenic material layer 110 is located in the second space 122, since the isolation layer 104 is an opaque structure, the colored chromogenic material layer 110 cannot display color through the upper substrate 1022, thereby enabling the display element 100 to achieve a wiping effect. The first heating element 106 and the second heating element 108 can realize the positional change between the first space 120 and the second space 122 of the colored coloring material layer 110, thereby realizing the display of the thermally induced display element 100. Show and wipe effects. The first heating element 106 heats the first space 120, causing the colored coloring material layer 110 to phase change into a gas, and passing through the isolation layer 104 to reach the second space 122. Since the temperature in the second space 122 is low, the colored coloring material is The layer 110 returns to a solid or liquid state, and the colored chromogenic material layer 110 does not return into the first space 120 even if the first heating element 106 stops heating. When the display of the thermal display device is required, the second space 122 is heated by the second heating element 108, and the colored coloring material layer 110 is transformed into a gas, and passes through the isolation layer 104 to reach the first space 120, due to the first space 120. The temperature of the colored material layer 110 is restored to a solid or liquid state, and the colored coloring material layer 110 does not return to the second space 122 even if the second heating element 108 stops heating.

The thermally induced display element and the thermally induced display device provided by the invention have the following advantages: First, the thermally induced display element and the thermally induced display device heat the colored color developing material layer through the heating element to cause the colored coloring material layer to phase The gas is changed into a gas, and the layer of the colored color developing material in the gaseous state is positionally changed in the first space and the second space to realize color display. Since the color of the colored coloring material layer is rich, the color of the heat-sensitive display element Secondly, the thermally induced display element and the thermally induced display device do not need charged particles, and the cost is low; and third, the thermotropic display element can make colored color development even in the case of power failure. The material layer maintains a certain color and can still achieve color display, which is conducive to energy conservation. The thermotropic display element and the thermally induced display device can be applied to fields such as advertisements, newspapers, books, and the like.

Referring to FIG. 7 , a second embodiment of the present invention provides a thermally induced display device 200 . The thermally conductive display device 200 includes a closed housing 202 . The isolation layer 204 is disposed in the closed housing 202 . And dividing the closed casing 202 into a first space 220 and a second space 222; a first heating element 206, the first heating element 206 is used Heating the first space 220; a second heating element 208 for heating the second space 222; a colored coloring material layer 210, the colored coloring material layer 210 being disposed in the first space 220, The colored chromogenic material layer 210 undergoes a phase change to a gas at a fixed temperature. The enclosed housing 202 includes an upper substrate 2022, a lower substrate 2024, and four side plates 2026.

The thermally induced display element 200 provided in this embodiment is substantially identical in structure to the thermally induced display element 100 provided in the first embodiment, except that the positions of the first heating element 206 and the second heating element 208 are different. And the manner in which the first electrode 214 and the second electrode 216 are disposed.

The first heating element 206 is disposed on an inner surface of the upper substrate 2022 and located inside the first space 220. The second heating element 208 is disposed on the inner surface of the lower substrate 2024 and is located inside the second space 222 and is in direct contact with the colored coloring material layer 210.

The at least two first electrodes 214 are electrically connected to the first heating element 206, respectively. In this embodiment, the number of the first electrodes 214 is two, and the two first electrodes 214 are respectively located at two ends of the first heating element 206, and each of the first electrodes 214 and the first heating element 206 are in contact with each other. The first electrode 214 includes an extension 2142 that extends to the exterior of the enclosed housing 202. The extension 2142 of the first electrode 214 electrically connects the first electrode 214 to an external circuit.

The at least two second electrodes 216 are electrically connected to the second heating element 208, respectively. In this embodiment, the number of the second electrodes 216 is two, respectively located at two ends of the second heating element 208, and each of the second electrodes 216 and the second heating element 208 are in contact with each other. The second electrode 216 includes an extension 2162 that extends to the exterior of the enclosed housing 202. The extension 2162 of the second electrode 216 electrically connects the second electrode 216 to an external circuit.

In the thermally induced display element 200 provided in this embodiment, since the first heating element 206 and the second heating element 208 are respectively located inside the first space 220 and the second space 222, they may be directly heated to the colored coloring material layer 210, respectively. The heat loss is less and the heating speed is faster, so that the display speed of the heat-sensitive display element 200 is faster.

Referring to FIG. 8 , a third embodiment of the present invention provides a thermally induced display element 300 . The thermally conductive display element 300 includes a closed casing 302 . The isolation layer 304 is disposed in the closed casing 302 . The closed housing 302 is divided into a first space 320 and a second space 322; a first heating element 306 for heating the first space 320; a second heating element 308, the second heating The element 308 is used to heat the second space 322; a colored chromogenic material layer 310 disposed in the first space 320, and the colored chromogenic material layer 310 undergoes a phase change to a gas at a fixed temperature. . The closed casing 302 includes an upper substrate 3022, a lower substrate 3024 and four side plates 3026.

The thermally induced display element 300 provided in this embodiment is substantially identical in structure to the thermally induced display element 200 provided in the second embodiment, except for the structure of the side plate 3026 of the closed casing 302.

Among the four side plates 3026 of the closed casing 302, two opposite side plates 3026 are respectively composed of two parts. Each of the two opposite side plates 3026 includes a first conductive portion 3026a and a second conductive portion 3026b. The first conductive portion 3026a and the second conductive portion 3026b are insulated from each other by an insulating layer 3026c. . The first conductive portion 3026a, the insulating layer 3026c, and the second conductive portion 3026b constitute the side plate 3026. The first conductive portion 3026a is electrically connected to the first heating element 306, and the second conductive portion 3026b is electrically connected to the second heating element 308. The material of the other two oppositely disposed side plates 3026 of the closed casing 302 is an insulating material. In this embodiment, two phases In the pair of side plates 3026, the first conductive portions 3026a of each side plate 3026 are respectively disposed on the surface of the first heating element 306, and the second conductive portions 3026b are respectively disposed on the surface of the second heating element 308. The first conductive portion 3026a is for electrically connecting the first heating element 306 to an external circuit, and the second conductive portion 3026b is for electrically connecting the second heating element 308 with an external circuit.

The present invention further provides a thermally induced display device using the above-described thermally induced display element. The thermally induced display device includes a plurality of thermally induced display elements arranged in a matrix to form an array of primitives; and a driving circuit and a plurality of electrode leads, wherein the driving circuit controls each of the thermally induced signals through the plurality of electrode leads The heating elements of the display elements operate independently. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first heating elements of the plurality of thermally induced display elements share a first electrode plate, and the second heating elements of the plurality of thermally induced display elements share a second electrode plate and pass through the first electrode. The addressing circuit formed by the row and column electrodes on the board and the second electrode plate independently controls the operation of each of the thermally induced display elements to achieve a display effect. Hereinafter, the thermochromic display device of the present invention will be further described in detail by taking a thermochromic display device to which the thermally induced display element 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention is applied as an example.

Referring to Figure 9, the present invention provides a thermally induced display device 40 using the above described thermally induced display element 100. The thermally induced display device includes a first electrode plate 42, a second electrode plate 44, and a plurality of thermally induced display elements 100 disposed between the first electrode plate 42 and the second electrode plate 44. The first electrode plate 42 and the second electrode plate 44 are oppositely disposed.

Referring to FIG. 10, the first electrode plate 42 is a transparent substrate including a first surface 420. The first electrode plate 42 includes a plurality of first row electrodes 422 and a plurality of first column electrodes 424. The plurality of first row electrodes 422 and the plurality of first column electrodes 424 are disposed on the first electrode plate 42. First surface 420. The plurality of first lines of electricity The pole 422 and the plurality of first column electrodes 424 are insulated from each other. The plurality of first row electrodes 422 are spaced apart from each other, and the plurality of first column electrodes 424 are spaced apart from each other. A first grid 426 is formed between the adjacent two first row electrodes 422 and the adjacent two first column electrodes 424. Referring to FIG. 11, the second electrode plate 44 includes a second surface 440. The structure of the second electrode plate 44 is the same as that of the first electrode plate 42 and includes a plurality of second row electrodes 442 disposed on the second surface 440 of the second electrode plate 44, a plurality of second column electrodes 444, and A plurality of second grids 446.

The first surface 420 of the first electrode plate 42 and the second surface 440 of the second electrode plate 44 face each other, and the plurality of first row electrodes 422 and the plurality of first column electrodes 424 on the first surface 420 And a plurality of first grids 426 and a plurality of second row electrodes 442, a plurality of second column electrodes 444, and a plurality of second grids 446 on the second surface 440 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence. Each of the two correspondingly disposed first grids 426 and second grids 446 constitute a display unit. Each of the thermally induced display elements 100 is disposed in a display unit between the first electrode plate 42 and the second electrode plate 44. The plurality of thermally induced display elements 100 are arranged to form a plurality of rows and columns. Each of the thermally induced display elements 100 corresponds to a pixel point of the thermally induced display device 40. Referring to FIG. 2 together, the upper substrate 1022 of each of the thermally induced display elements 100 is located in the first grid 426 of the first electrode plate 42 and is in contact with the first surface 420 of the first electrode plate 42. The lower substrate 1024 of the thermally induced display element 100 is located in the second grid 446 disposed corresponding to the first grid 426 and is in contact with the second electrode plate 44. The two first electrodes 114 on the upper substrate 1022 are electrically connected to a first row electrode 422 and a first column electrode 424 constituting the first grid 426, respectively. The two first electrodes 114 can be electrically connected to the first row electrode 422 and the first column electrode 424 through electrode leads, respectively. That is, one row of the first electrode 114 of the thermal display element 100 of each row is electrically connected to a first row electrode 422, and one first electrode 114 of each column of the thermally induced display element 100 is electrically connected to a first column electrode 424. Pick up. The two second electrodes 116 on each of the lower substrates 1024 are electrically connected to a second row electrode 442 and a second column electrode 444 constituting the second grid 446, that is, each row of the thermally induced display elements. A second electrode 116 of 100 is electrically coupled to a second row electrode 442, and a second electrode 116 of the thermally induced display element 100 of each column is electrically coupled to a second column electrode 444.

Further, at least one supporting structure (not shown) may be further included between the first electrode plate 42 and the second electrode plate 44. The at least one supporting structure is configured to support the first electrode plate 42 and the second electrode plate 44 such that the first electrode plate 42 and the second electrode plate 44 are spaced apart, so that the thermally induced display element 100 is located at the first electrode plate 42 and Between the two electrode plates 44. The at least one support structure prevents the first electrode plate 42 or the second electrode plate 44 from exerting pressure on the thermally induced display element and has a protective effect on the thermally induced display element 100. Specifically, the at least one supporting structure may be a frame disposed between the first electrode plate 42 and the second electrode plate 44, and the at least one supporting structure is sealed with the first electrode plate 42 and the second electrode plate 44 to form a closed frame. Structure, the plurality of thermally induced display elements 100 are located within the enclosed structure.

The thermally induced display device realizes the display effect and the wiping effect of the thermally induced display device through the row electrode, the first heating element and the second heating element on the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate. At the same time, by controlling the conduction of different rows and columns electrodes, the display of different primitive points is realized, thereby displaying different patterns or fonts. The display of a plurality of colors can be achieved by providing layers of colored coloring materials of different colors in different heat-sensitive display elements.

In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and has filed a patent application according to law. However, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is not possible to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Anyone who is familiar with the skill of this case will be assisted by the essence of the invention. Equivalent modifications or variations made by God are to be covered by the following patents.

100‧‧‧Thermal display elements

102‧‧‧Closed housing

1022‧‧‧Upper substrate

1024‧‧‧lower substrate

1026‧‧‧ side panel

104‧‧‧Isolation

106‧‧‧First heating element

108‧‧‧Second heating element

110‧‧‧Colored chromogenic material layer

114‧‧‧First electrode

116‧‧‧Second electrode

120‧‧‧First space

122‧‧‧Second space

Claims (18)

A thermally induced display element comprising: a closed casing comprising at least one transparent portion; an isolating layer, the isolating layer is an opaque structure, the isolating layer is disposed in the closed casing, and the closed casing is The body is divided into a first space and a second space; a first heating element disposed on an end of the closed casing adjacent to the first space; a second heating element disposed in the closed An end of the housing adjacent to the second space; and a layer of colored chromogenic material disposed in the first space or the second space, the colored chromogenic material layer being in the first heating element or the second heating The conversion between the gas phase and the non-gas phase is performed by the action of the element to effect positional conversion in the first space or the second space. The thermally induced display element of claim 1, wherein the closed casing is formed by an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and a side plate package. The thermally induced display element of claim 2, wherein the closed casing comprises four side plates, each of the two side plates being oppositely disposed, wherein each of the two opposite side plates comprises a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion, the first conductive portion and the second conductive portion are insulated from each other, the first conductive portion is electrically connected to the first heating element, the second conductive portion is electrically connected to the second heating element, and the other two The opposite side panels are insulative. The thermally induced display element of claim 2, wherein the periphery of the isolation layer is fixed to the side plate, the first space is between the upper substrate and the isolation layer, and the second space is located on the lower substrate and is isolated Between the layers. The thermally induced display element of claim 2, wherein the first heating element is transparent The layered structure, the first heating element is disposed on an inner surface or an outer surface of the upper substrate, and the upper substrate is a transparent substrate. The thermally induced display element of claim 5, wherein the first heating element is an indium tin oxide film or a carbon nanotube layered structure. The thermally induced display element of claim 6, wherein the second heating element is disposed on an inner surface or an outer surface of the lower substrate, and the second heating element is a metal layer, an indium tin oxide film or Carbon nanotube layered structure. The thermally induced display element according to Item 6 or 7, wherein the carbon nanotube layered structure comprises at least one layer of carbon nanotubes when a carbon nanotube layered structure is used as the heating element. The membrane, the carbon nanotube membrane comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes connected to each other by van der Waals force. The thermally induced display element of claim 8, wherein the majority of the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film extend substantially in the same direction, and most of the carbon nanotubes extend substantially in the same direction Each of the carbon nanotubes and the carbon nanotubes adjacent in the extending direction are connected end to end by Van der Waals force. The thermally induced display element of claim 8, wherein the carbon nanotube layered structure has a heat capacity per unit area of less than 2 x 10 ^-4 joules per square centimeter Kelvin. The thermally induced display element of claim 1, wherein the isolation layer comprises a plurality of micropores, and the gas phase colored chromogenic material passes through the plurality of micropores of the isolation layer in the first space and the second space Flow between. The thermally induced display element of claim 1, wherein the colored chromogenic material layer is a solid, the isolating layer is composed of a plurality of spacers, and the plurality of spacers are in contact with each other. The thermally induced display element of claim 12, wherein the spacer is made of ceramic, plastic, tantalum or tantalum oxide. The thermally induced display element of claim 1, wherein the barrier layer is a cell wall, a bladder membrane or a parchment. The thermally induced display element of claim 1, wherein the transparent portion of the closed casing is located at an end of the closed casing adjacent to the first space, and the colored coloring material layer is located in the first space due to The material of the colored chromogenic material layer is a colored material, and the colored chromogenic material layer displays color through the transparent portion; when the colored chromogenic material layer undergoes phase change under the action of the first heating element, the gas passes through the isolation layer to reach the second space, The isolation layer is an opaque structure, and the thermally induced display element achieves a wiping effect. The thermally induced display element of claim 1, wherein the material of the colored chromogenic material layer is iodine, naphthalene or bromine. The thermally induced display element of claim 1, wherein the two first electrodes are electrically connected to the first heating element at intervals, and the two second electrodes are electrically connected to the second heating element at intervals. A thermally induced display device comprising: a first electrode plate, the first electrode plate comprising a plurality of first row electrodes and a plurality of first column electrodes, the plurality of first row electrodes and the plurality of first column electrodes crossing Forming a plurality of first grids; a second electrode plate comprising a plurality of second row electrodes and a plurality of second column electrodes, the plurality of second row electrodes and the plurality of second column electrodes crossing Forming a plurality of second grids, the second electrode plate is disposed opposite to the first electrode plate, the first grid and the second grid are in one-to-one correspondence, and each pair of corresponding first grid and second grid is configured a display unit: a plurality of thermographic display elements, each of which is disposed in each of the color-developing units, between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate, the thermally-induced display element being a request item The thermally induced display element of any one of items 1 to 17, wherein the first heating element of each of the thermally induced display elements is electrically connected to a first row electrode and a first column electrode of the first electrode plate; Second heating element of a thermal display element Respectively, and a second row electrode and the second electrode plate A second column of electrodes is electrically connected.