TWI439549B - Graphite of the upper part of the spherical agent when the graphite is treated with graphite - Google Patents
Graphite of the upper part of the spherical agent when the graphite is treated with graphite Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
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Description
本發明是關於在製造球狀石墨鑄鐵(Ductile Cast Iron)時所使用的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材，更詳細地說，是關於可在高溫酷熱的作業環境中，因為輕量而容易使用，且兼具有作為除滓劑的效果之覆蓋材。The present invention relates to a covering material for a graphite spheroidizing agent used in the manufacture of Ductile Cast Iron, and more particularly to an environment that can be used in a hot and humid environment, because it is lightweight and easy to use. And also has a covering material as an effect of the herbicide.
以往這種球狀黑鉛鑄鐵的製造技術，是藉由組合了：用以獲得適合的熔融金屬液的熔解法、脫硫法、石墨球狀化處理法、以及用以獲得堅固的鑄模的造模法、甚至於更進一步地組合了澆注法等而成的。In the past, the manufacturing technique of the spherical black lead cast iron was made by combining: a melting method for obtaining a suitable molten metal solution, a desulfurization method, a graphite spheroidizing treatment method, and a method for obtaining a strong mold. Molding, and even further combining the casting method.
熔解法、造模法以及澆注法就普通的鑄鐵鑄物而言，是共通的方法，脫硫法以及石墨球狀化處理方法則是製造球狀黑鉛鑄鐵時之特有的技術。The melting method, the molding method, and the casting method are common methods for ordinary cast iron castings, and the desulfurization method and the graphite spheroidizing treatment method are unique techniques for producing spherical black lead cast iron.
關於石墨球狀化處理劑，過去主要是使用Ce等的稀土金屬(REM)或Ca等，現在則主要是使用Mg。Regarding the graphite spheroidizing treatment agent, a rare earth metal (REM) such as Ce or Ca or the like has been mainly used in the past, and Mg is mainly used now.
又，在鑄鐵的石墨球狀化處理時，為了抑制石墨球狀化劑的急遽的反應以達成穩定的球狀化，乃使用覆蓋材來覆蓋被放置在澆桶底部的球狀化劑也就是Mg合金的上部。Further, in the graphite spheroidizing treatment of cast iron, in order to suppress the rapid reaction of the graphite spheroidizing agent to achieve stable spheroidization, the spheroidizing agent placed on the bottom of the ladle is covered with a covering material, that is, The upper part of the Mg alloy.
這種覆蓋材，可以採用Fe-Si合金、Fe合金等，覆蓋材最好是將石墨球狀化劑予以覆蓋著。As such a covering material, an Fe-Si alloy, a Fe alloy or the like can be used, and the covering material is preferably covered with a graphite spheroidizing agent.
具體而言，是使用：衝孔碎屑、鐵釘頭部或者矽鐵之 類的以鐵作為主成分的材料。Specifically, it is used: punching debris, nail head or sputum iron A material with iron as its main component.
[專利文獻1]日本特開平08-020812號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 08-020812
[專利文獻2]日本特開2002-097509號公報[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2002-097509
[專利文獻3]日本特開2010-095752號公報[Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2010-095752
以往所使用的上述覆蓋材的主成分是比重較大的鐵，比重高達4.5~7.8g/cm3 ，在使用處理上無法說是簡單容易。The main component of the above-mentioned covering material used in the past is iron having a large specific gravity, and the specific gravity is as high as 4.5 to 7.8 g/cm 3 , which cannot be said to be simple and easy to use.
因此，對於在高溫環境下，被要求必須在短時間內完成正確的披覆作業的球狀石墨鑄鐵鑄造而言，鐵是比較不適合的材料，並且也期待能夠減輕作業上的負荷。Therefore, iron is a relatively unsuitable material for spheroidal graphite cast iron casting which is required to perform a correct coating operation in a short time in a high-temperature environment, and it is expected to reduce the load on the work.
此外，這種覆蓋材，為了抑制石墨球狀化劑的急遽的反應以達成穩定的球狀化，利用球狀化劑來將熔融金屬液的接觸面加以覆蓋，乃是其目的，因此最好是每單位重量的體積較大，而且是可以低價取得的覆蓋材。Further, in order to suppress the rapid reaction of the graphite spheroidizing agent to achieve stable spheroidization, it is preferable to use a spheroidizing agent to cover the contact surface of the molten metal liquid. It is a large volume per unit weight and is a cover material that can be obtained at a low price.
此外，在進行球狀石墨鑄鐵的熔解作業時，係在將石墨球狀化的同時，在澆桶中進行用以調整鑄鐵的成分的接種作業。Further, in the melting operation of the spheroidal graphite cast iron, the inoculation operation for adjusting the composition of the cast iron is performed in the ladle while the graphite is spheroidized.
在這個時候，並不是所有的各種添加物全部都浸泡在 金屬熔融液內，其中有一部分是當作雜質的爐渣浮游在金屬熔融液上，因此如果不將這些浮游物除去的話，將會有產生不良製品之問題點。At this time, not all the various additives are soaked in In the molten metal, a part of the slag which is an impurity floats on the molten metal. Therefore, if these floats are not removed, there is a problem that a defective product is produced.
因此，為了達成上述的各種目的，本發明的球狀石墨鑄鐵的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材之特徵為：是火山性矽酸鹽礦物，製作成多孔質的粒子，且含有：SiO2 為70~75重量%、Al2 O3 為12~14重量%、K2 O為3~5重量%、Na2 O為3~4重量%、CaO為0.7~1.5重量%、Fe2 O3 為1.2~1.5重量%、MgO為0.1~0.2重量%、TiO2 為0.05~0.1重量%。Therefore, in order to achieve the above various objects, the covering material of the graphite spheroidizing agent of the spheroidal graphite cast iron of the present invention is characterized in that it is a volcanic citrate mineral, which is formed into porous particles and contains: SiO 2 is 70 to 75% by weight, Al 2 O 3 is 12 to 14% by weight, K 2 O is 3 to 5% by weight, Na 2 O is 3 to 4% by weight, CaO is 0.7 to 1.5% by weight, and Fe 2 O 3 is 1.2 to 1.5% by weight, MgO is 0.1 to 0.2% by weight, and TiO 2 is 0.05 to 0.1% by weight.
請求項2所述的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材的發明，其特徵為：係由直徑5mm以下的多孔質的粒狀體所形成的，容積比重為0.5~1.0g/cm3 ，與傳統的衝孔碎屑、鐵釘頭部或者矽鐵之類的以鐵作為主成分的覆蓋材相比較，重量大幅地變輕，操作處理上更為簡單容易，可正確地將石墨球狀化劑予以覆蓋上去。The invention of the covering material for a graphite spheroidizing agent according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it is formed of a porous granule having a diameter of 5 mm or less and has a specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.0 g/cm 3 , and a conventional Compared with a covering material such as punching chips, nail heads or ferroniobium, which has iron as a main component, the weight is greatly lighter, and the handling is simpler and easier, and the graphite spheroidizing agent can be correctly treated. Cover it up.
又，請求項3所述的發明的特徵為：為了使石墨球狀化劑的密合性更好，乃將石墨球狀化劑的形狀因應澆桶的形狀、容量並且考慮到熔融溫度、石墨球狀化劑的反應時間，將外形的尺寸製作成直徑5mm~10mm的球狀或長度5mm~10mm的棒狀，以資獲得所期待的機械性質。Further, the invention of claim 3 is characterized in that, in order to improve the adhesion of the graphite spheroidizing agent, the shape of the graphite spheroidizing agent is influenced by the shape and capacity of the ladle and considering the melting temperature and graphite. The reaction time of the spheroidizing agent is formed into a spherical shape having a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm or a rod shape having a length of 5 mm to 10 mm to obtain desired mechanical properties.
此外，請求項4與5所述的發明的特徵為：覆蓋材的 熔融溫度為1,100~1,200℃，熔解時會產生發泡膨漲而浮出於金屬液面進行浮游之具有可與雜質的爐渣相結合的作用，以資獲得石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材。Further, the invention of claims 4 and 5 is characterized in that: the covering material The melting temperature is 1,100~1,200 °C, and when it melts, it will foam and expand and float on the molten metal surface to float, and it can combine with the slag of impurities to obtain the covering material of the graphite spheroidizing agent.
本發明的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材，是能夠：將火山性矽酸鹽礦物也就是主成分為SiO2 占70~75重量%之多孔質的粒子的材料，當作球狀石墨鑄鐵的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材來進行提供，所以能夠獲得：價格低廉且大幅度輕量化，又可達成提昇作業性的效果。The covering material of the graphite spheroidizing agent of the present invention is a material capable of using a volcanic citrate mineral, that is, a porous particle having a main component of 70 to 75% by weight of SiO 2 , as a spheroidal graphite cast iron. Since the covering material of the graphite spheroidizing agent is provided, it is possible to obtain an effect of improving the workability by being inexpensive and greatly reducing the weight.
本發明的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材，是製作成：比重為0.5~1.0g/cm3 且粒子徑為5mm以下的多孔質的粒狀體，將外形製作成直徑5mm~10mm的球狀或長度5mm~10mm的棒狀，可確實地將熔融金屬液與石墨球狀化劑予以隔開，可依據熔融金屬液的溫度、充填量，利用所選擇的形狀以及外形尺寸，而具有可設定適正的熔解與石墨球狀化的反應時間之效果。The covering material of the graphite spheroidizing agent of the present invention is a porous granular body having a specific gravity of 0.5 to 1.0 g/cm 3 and a particle diameter of 5 mm or less, and is formed into a spherical shape having a diameter of 5 mm to 10 mm. Or a rod shape with a length of 5mm~10mm, which can reliably separate the molten metal liquid from the graphite spheroidizing agent, and can be set according to the selected shape and outer shape according to the temperature and filling amount of the molten metal liquid. The effect of proper melting and reaction time of graphite spheroidization.
本發明的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材是在1,100~1,200℃時熔解，浮出到金屬液面上，會與浮游在金屬液面的熔解後的爐渣、未浸泡在金屬液內的石墨球狀化劑進行結合，而可獲得除去雜質的效果。The covering material of the graphite spheroidizing agent of the present invention is melted at 1,100 to 1,200 ° C, and floats to the molten metal surface, and is slag which is melted after floating on the molten metal surface, and graphite ball which is not immersed in the molten metal. The sizing agent is combined to obtain an effect of removing impurities.
浮游在金屬液面上的熔解後的爐渣、石墨球狀化劑的雜質是會對於球狀石墨鑄鐵的鑄造製品帶來不良影響，必須加以除去，因此本發明亦可獲得將除滓劑予以減量的效 果。The impurities of the slag and the graphite spheroidizing agent which are floated on the molten metal surface may adversely affect the cast product of the spheroidal graphite cast iron and must be removed. Therefore, the present invention can also reduce the amount of the herbicide. Effect fruit.
以火山性矽酸鹽礦物的SiO2 占70~75重量%作為主成分之多孔質的粒子，粒子愈大的話其接合性愈少，粒子徑為0.3mm~5mm的情況下，或直徑為5mm~10mm的球狀或長度5mm~10mm的棒狀的情況，想要進行成型的話，必須使用結合劑。Porous particles in which SiO 2 of volcanic citrate minerals is 70 to 75% by weight as a main component, and the larger the particles, the less the bonding property is, and the particle diameter is 0.3 mm to 5 mm, or the diameter is 5 mm. In the case of a ball of ~10 mm or a rod of 5 mm to 10 mm in length, it is necessary to use a bonding agent if it is desired to perform molding.
依照粒度分布的不同，使用水玻璃或者皂土3~15重量%，進行滾動造粒或者擠出成型、壓縮造粒而獲得石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材。Depending on the particle size distribution, 3 to 15% by weight of water glass or bentonite is used, and rolling granulation, extrusion molding, and compression granulation are carried out to obtain a coating material of a graphite spheroidizing agent.
此外，當多孔質粒子的粒度分布為0.3mm以下，而且0.1mm以下的粒子超過50%的時候，將水分設定為10~15重量%來作為結合劑，利用擠出或壓縮來進行成型的作法特別有效。In addition, when the particle size distribution of the porous particles is 0.3 mm or less and the particles of 0.1 mm or less exceed 50%, the moisture is set to 10 to 15% by weight as a binder, and the molding is carried out by extrusion or compression. Particularly effective.
作為球狀石墨鑄鐵的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材來使用時，將水分保持在1.0重量%以下為宜，最好是又依據天氣或者加熱、送風等的環境條件，來更進一步調整水分。When it is used as a covering material of a graphite spheroidizing agent for spheroidal graphite cast iron, it is preferable to keep the water content at 1.0% by weight or less, and it is preferable to further adjust the moisture depending on weather, environmental conditions such as heating and air blowing.
接下來，說明根據上述發明的火山性矽酸鹽礦物的多孔質的粒子所獲得的石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材的使用之實施例。Next, an example of use of the covering material of the graphite spheroidizing agent obtained from the porous particles of the volcanic citrate mineral of the above invention will be described.
使用15號的石墨坩鍋(2.5公升)用的高周波熔解爐 ，以總量為6,000g，將銑鐵與回收材、加碳劑以及接種劑和球狀劑(LCS4)，利用三明治法以相同條件將金屬熔融液注入到石墨球狀化用澆桶，使用包含本發明的覆蓋材的數種石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材，將進行球狀化反應的球狀石墨鑄鐵的組成分進行分析、比較，將其結果標示到表1。High-frequency melting furnace for the use of No. 15 graphite crucible (2.5 liters) In a total amount of 6,000 g, the milled iron and the recycled material, the carbonizing agent, the inoculant and the spheroidal agent (LCS4) are injected into the graphite spheroidizing ladle under the same conditions by the sandwich method. The coating material of several kinds of graphite spheroidizing agents containing the covering material of the present invention was analyzed and compared with the composition of the spheroidal graphite cast iron subjected to the spheroidization reaction, and the results are shown in Table 1.
球狀石墨鑄鐵的組成分是以JIS規格所指定，使用本發明的覆蓋材之規格優異，與使用衝孔碎屑者相比並不遜色。The composition of the spheroidal graphite cast iron is specified by the JIS standard, and the use of the covering material of the present invention is excellent in specifications, and is inferior to those using punching chips.
在實施例1中進行熔融，且使用數種石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材所作成的測試片的機械性質進行比較，與作為球狀石墨鑄鐵之日本工業規格進行對照之結果，如表2所示。The mechanical properties of the test piece which was melted in Example 1 and which were made using a cover material of several kinds of graphite spheroidizing agents were compared with the Japanese industrial specifications as spheroidal graphite cast iron, as shown in Table 2 Show.
結果使用本發明的覆蓋材之規格優異，與使用衝孔碎屑者相比並不遜色。As a result, the use of the covering material of the present invention is excellent in specifications and is inferior to those using punching chips.
在實施例1中進行熔融，且使用數種石墨球狀化劑的覆蓋材所作成的測試片的球狀化率，利用5%的硝酸腐蝕液進行處理，以倍率為100×0.8倍，且視野範圍(寬度)為0.98mm的條件進行顯微鏡觀察比較的結果是如表3所示。In the first embodiment, the spheroidization rate of the test piece which was melted and the cover material using several kinds of graphite spheroidizing agents was treated with a 5% nitric acid etching solution at a magnification of 100×0.8 times, and The results of microscopic observation and comparison of the visual field range (width) of 0.98 mm are shown in Table 3.
球狀化率的確認方法在JIS，有將倍率100倍、針對5視野的形狀分類根據參考圖進行的石墨球狀化率的計算方法，現在是藉由金屬顯微鏡與解析軟體來判斷。Method for confirming spheroidization rate In JIS, a method for calculating the spheroidization ratio of graphite according to a reference chart, which has a magnification of 100 times and a shape for five fields of view, is now determined by a metal microscope and an analytical software.
第1圖~第5圖，是在圖式簡單說明記載的將使用個覆蓋材的熔融鑄鐵的反應後的石墨球狀化的實體確認的組織照片的一個例子。1 to 5 are an example of a photograph of a structure confirmed by spheroidizing the graphite after the reaction of the molten cast iron using the covering material described in the drawings.
結果，使用本發明的覆蓋材者，相較於使用衝孔碎屑者為同等或以上的石墨球狀化率。As a result, the use of the covering material of the present invention is equal to or higher than the graphite spheroidization ratio of those using punching chips.
如上述，將本發明的覆蓋材使用於鑄鐵的石墨球狀化處理的結果如表1~表3，適合JIS規格，達到與習知的衝孔碎屑同程度的作用效果，並且相較於衝孔碎屑，具有輕量且容易處理的特別效果，並且也得到熔解後會浮出液面，會去除雜質將除滓劑減量的效果。As described above, the results of the graphite spheroidization treatment using the covering material of the present invention on cast iron are as shown in Tables 1 to 3, which are suitable for the JIS standard, and have the same effect as the conventional punching chips, and are compared with the conventional one. Punching debris, has a special effect that is light and easy to handle, and also floats out of the liquid surface after melting, which removes impurities and reduces the effect of the herbicide.
第1圖是顯示粒子徑為1.7mm~5.0mm之本發明的覆蓋材的熔融鑄鐵的反應後的石墨球狀化的組織照片。Fig. 1 is a photograph showing the spheroidization of graphite after the reaction of the molten cast iron of the covering material of the present invention having a particle diameter of 1.7 mm to 5.0 mm.
第2圖是顯示粒子徑為0.1mm~0.3mm之本發明的覆蓋材的熔融鑄鐵的反應後的石墨球狀化的組織照片。Fig. 2 is a photograph showing the spheroidization of graphite after the reaction of the molten cast iron of the covering material of the present invention having a particle diameter of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm.
第3圖是顯示粒子徑為0.1mm以下且0.1~0.3mm(1/1)的本發明的覆蓋材的熔融鑄鐵的反應後的石墨球狀化的組織照片。Fig. 3 is a photograph showing the spheroidization of graphite after the reaction of the molten cast iron of the covering material of the present invention having a particle diameter of 0.1 mm or less and 0.1 to 0.3 mm (1/1).
第4圖是顯示使用衝孔碎屑之傳統的覆蓋材的熔融鑄鐵的反應後的石墨球狀化的組織照片。Fig. 4 is a photograph showing the spheroidization of graphite after the reaction of molten cast iron using a conventional covering material using punched chips.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012152586A JP5138114B1 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2012-07-06 | Cover material covering the upper part of the spheroidizing agent during the spheroidizing treatment of cast iron |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| TW201402826A TW201402826A (en) | 2014-01-16 |
| TWI439549B true TWI439549B (en) | 2014-06-01 |
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| JP (1) | JP5138114B1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101560034B1 (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103589826B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2015-12-02 | 吴江市液铸液压件铸造有限公司 | A kind of molten iron skim agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105039630A (en) * | 2015-08-20 | 2015-11-11 | 合肥市田源精铸有限公司 | Titanium-containing efficient slag remover and preparing method |
| JP6235178B1 (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-11-22 | 石川ライト工業株式会社 | Control material and control material manufacturing method |
| CN107460277A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-12-12 | 河池市森机械有限责任公司 | The preparation method of deslagging agent |
| CN109487151A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-19 | 孙小军 | A kind of medical stone gray cast iron cooker and preparation method thereof |
| CN109702153B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-12-08 | 宁波日星铸业有限公司 | Improved process of wind power nodular cast iron hub pouring control method |
| CN114797661A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-29 | 丹晟实业（上海）有限公司 | Heat-preservation deslagging sand preparation device for molten metal and preparation method thereof |
| CN115261545B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2024-01-30 | 天润工业技术股份有限公司 | Method for reducing shrinkage of iron casting |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS5532761B2 (en) * | 1972-02-02 | 1980-08-27 | ||
| JPS5686652A (en) * | 1979-12-14 | 1981-07-14 | Asahi Malleable Iron Co Ltd | Covering method of spheroidizing material |
| CN1008797B (en) * | 1987-11-04 | 1990-07-18 | 唐国进 | Slagging heat-insulating covering agent |
| JPH0711021B2 (en) * | 1990-08-02 | 1995-02-08 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method for spheroidizing molten cast iron |
| JPH0841517A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 1996-02-13 | Daihatsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kk | Production of spheroidal graphite cast iron and graphite spheroidizing auxiliary tool |
| JP4974591B2 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2012-07-11 | 旭テック株式会社 | Graphite spheroidizing agent and method for producing spheroidal graphite cast iron using the same |
-
2012
- 2012-07-06 JP JP2012152586A patent/JP5138114B1/en active Active
- 2012-08-24 TW TW101130847A patent/TWI439549B/en active
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| TW201402826A (en) | 2014-01-16 |
| JP2014015644A (en) | 2014-01-30 |
| CN103525968B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
| KR101560034B1 (en) | 2015-10-13 |
| KR20140005746A (en) | 2014-01-15 |
| CN103525968A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
| JP5138114B1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
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