TWI425710B - Antenna structure - Google Patents

Description

Antenna structure

The invention relates to an antenna structure, in particular to surrounding a second radiator around a first radiator, such that a plurality of first sides of the first radiator and a plurality of second sides of the second radiator An antenna structure having a plurality of predetermined intervals to form a coupling effect.

With the rapid development of wireless communication and the trend of miniaturization of mobile communication products, the position and space of the antenna are compressed, which is relatively difficult to design. Some embedded micro antennas have been proposed. In general, the micro antennas currently used in general are chip antennas and planar antennas, and these types of antennas are small in size. The planar antenna structure is widely used in wireless communication systems because of its small size, light weight, easy fabrication, low cost, high reliability, and adhesion to the surface of any object.

Therefore, how to improve the antenna performance, adjust the impedance matching, improve the radiation field type and increase the antenna bandwidth become an important issue in the field of antenna design.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an antenna structure to solve the problems in the prior art.

An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna structure. The antenna structure includes a positive feed contact, a negative feed contact, a radiating element, and a ground element. The radiating element includes a first radiating body and a second radiating body, the first radiating body has a first end coupled to the positive feed contact and having a plurality of first sides; and the second radiator has a first The first end is coupled to the negative feed contact and has a plurality of second sides, wherein the second radiation system at least partially surrounds the first radiator, and the plurality of first sides of the first radiator There are a plurality of predetermined intervals between the sides and the plurality of second sides of the second radiator to form a coupling effect. The grounding element is coupled to the second radiator. Wherein the first radiator and the second radiation system may be located on the same plane, or the first radiator and the second radiation system may be located on different planes.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna structure. The antenna structure includes a positive feed contact, a negative feed contact, a radiating element, and a ground element. The radiating element includes a first radiating body and a second radiating body, the first radiating body having a first end coupled to the positive feed contact; and the second radiating body having a first end coupled to the negative feed And the second radiation system at least partially surrounds the first radiator, and the first radiator and the second radiator have a plurality of predetermined intervals to form a coupling effect. The plurality of predetermined intervals form a spiral space, and the first radiator and the second radiation system are circumferentially disposed along the spiral space. The grounding element is coupled to the second radiator.

It is to be noted that, in the following embodiments, the same or similar elements are designated by the same or similar symbols, and the same parts will not be repeated. The present invention is directed to an antenna design that is small in size and can be used in multiple frequency bands to solve the conventional problems.

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 together. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an antenna structure 100 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a current path of the antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. . As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna structure 100 includes, but is not limited to, a radiating element 130, a grounding element 140, a positive feed point P1, and a negative feed point P2. The radiating element 130 includes a first radiating body 110 and a second radiating body 120. The first radiating body 110 has a first end 110A and a second end 110B. The first end 110A is coupled to the positive feeding contact. The second radiator 120 also has a first end 120A and a second end 120B, wherein the first end 120A is coupled to the negative feed contact P2. The grounding element 140 is coupled to the second radiator 120. In addition, a feed signal source 150 is used to excite the antenna structure 100, and the positive signal end of the feed signal source 150 is coupled to the positive feed contact P1 (ie, the first end 110A of the first radiator 110). The negative signal terminal of the feed signal source 150 is coupled to the negative feed contact P2 (ie, the first end 120A of the second radiator 120).

Referring to FIG. 1 again, the first radiator 110 has a plurality of first sides 111-114, and the second radiator 120 has a plurality of second sides 121-124. In this embodiment, the first radiator 110 has a plurality of sections, and each section includes an inside edge and an outside edge, which are thick lines in FIG. The plurality of outer sides (ie, the first side edges 111 to 114) of the first radiator 110 are represented, and the plurality of inner sides of the first radiator 110 are represented by thin lines; and the second radiator 120 is also Having a plurality of segments, each segment also includes an inner side and an outer side, and in FIG. 1 is a thick line representing a plurality of inner sides of the second radiator (ie, second The sides 121 to 124) and the plurality of outer sides of the second radiator 120 are represented by thin lines. It is noted that the second radiator 120 is at least partially surrounding the first radiator 110, and the plurality of first sides 111-114 of the first radiator 110 and the plurality of second sides of the second radiator There are a plurality of predetermined intervals D1, D2, D3 between the sides 121-124 to form a coupling effect (or capacitive effect).

It should be noted that the above-mentioned "surrounding" does not mean that the second radiator 120 must completely surround the first radiator 110, but the second radiator 120 may be disposed around the portion of the first radiator 110.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first current I1 of the first radiator 110 flows through the first radiator 111 along the plurality of first sides 111-114, and the second current I2 of the second radiator 120 The second radiator 120 flows through the plurality of second sides 121 to 124. In addition, since the first current I1 flows from the positive signal end of the feed signal source 150 to the negative signal end of the feed signal source 150, in other words, the first current I1 is on a plurality of segments of the first radiator 110. The current path constitutes a loop.

Please note that in the present embodiment, the first radiator 110 can be regarded as a surrounding antenna, which uses a current path caused by the surrounding (ie, the first current I1) to resonate corresponding to a first resonant mode. a first operating frequency band (for example, the operating frequency band BW1 in FIG. 3); and the second radiator 120 is resonant with a current path (ie, a second current I2) caused by a coupling effect (or a capacitive effect) A second operating frequency band corresponding to a second resonant mode (eg, the operating frequency band BW2 in FIG. 3) is output. In addition, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 form a spiral shape, and the plurality of predetermined intervals D1, D2, and D3 constitute a spiral space. In other words, the first radiator 110 and the second radiator 120 are circumferentially disposed along the spiral space.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. In Fig. 3, the horizontal axis represents frequency (GHz) between 2 GHz and 6 GHz, and the vertical axis represents voltage standing wave ratio VSWR. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the antenna structure 100 has a first resonant mode and a second resonant mode, wherein the first operating frequency band BW1 corresponding to the first resonant mode falls between 5.15 GHz and 5.85 G MHz. The second operating frequency band BW2 corresponding to the second resonant mode falls about 2.4 to 2.5 GHz.

The antenna structure 100 shown in Fig. 1 is only an embodiment of the present invention, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various variations of the antenna structure 100 are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention. . Next, a possible variation embodiment of the antenna structure 100 will be described. 4 and 5 illustrate a variation of the position of the positive feed contact and the negative feed contact of the antenna structure; FIGS. 6 , 7 and 8 illustrate changes to the antenna structure. Variations of the predetermined interval; FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate a modified embodiment in which the second radiator is changed; FIGS. 12, 13 and 14 illustrate a modified embodiment in which the first radiator is changed; 15A, 15B, 16A, and 16B illustrate a modified embodiment in which the first radiator and the second radiator are disposed on different planes.

Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 together. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are respectively schematic diagrams showing a modified embodiment of an antenna structure according to the present invention. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the position of the positive signal terminal (coupled to the positive feed contact P1) and the negative signal terminal (coupled to the negative feed contact P2) of the signal source 450 is not immutable. Its position can be moved to any position between the positions A1-A2 (adjacent to the first end 410A of the first radiator 410) in the manner indicated by the arrow in the figure. In other words, the position of the positive feed point P1 and the negative feed point P2 can be adjusted according to the actual application. It is worth noting that changing the position of the positive feed point P1 and the negative feed point P2 will change the antenna. The current path flowing through the first radiator 410 and the second radiator 420 in the structure 400, and affecting the operating frequency bands of the first radiator 410 and the second radiator 420 due to the change in the length of the current path. For example, in FIG. 5, if the position of the feed signal source 550 is moved to the position B (away from the first end 510A of the first radiator 510), the first current flowing through the first radiator 510 The length of the current path of I1a and the second current I2a flowing through the second radiator 520 may be large.

Please refer to FIG. 6 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 together. FIG. 6 , FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are respectively schematic diagrams showing another embodiment of an antenna structure according to the present invention. In FIG. 6 , the structure of the antenna structure 600 is similar to the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1 , and is a deformation of the antenna structure 100 . The difference is that the first radiator 610 and the second radiator 620 of the antenna structure 600 are different. The predetermined interval D3' is greater than the predetermined interval D3 of the antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. In other words, the predetermined intervals D3, D3' can be adjusted according to the actual application. It is worth noting that the larger the predetermined intervals D3, D3', the worse the coupling effect and the high operating frequency band (ie, The bandwidth of the first operating band BW1) is narrowed.

In FIG. 7, the structure of the antenna structure 700 is similar to that of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, and the difference is that the predetermined interval D2' between the first radiator 710 and the second radiator 720 of the antenna structure 700 is It is larger than the predetermined interval D2 of the antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. In other words, the predetermined interval D2, D2' can be adjusted according to the actual application. It is worth noting that the larger the predetermined interval D2, D2' does not affect the high operating frequency band (ie, the first operating frequency band BW1) The bandwidth is wide, but since the current path I2b of the low operating band (i.e., the second operating band BW2) becomes longer, the frequency of the low operating band is lowered.

In FIG. 8, the structure of the antenna structure 800 is similar to that of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, and the difference is that the predetermined interval D1' between the first radiator 810 and the second radiator 820 of the antenna structure 800 is It is larger than the predetermined interval D1 of the antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. In other words, the predetermined interval D1, D1' can be adjusted according to the actual application. It is worth noting that the larger the predetermined interval D1, D1', the worse the coupling effect and the higher the operating frequency band (ie, the first The impedance of the operating band BW1) is not matched; in addition, since the current path I2c of the low operating band (i.e., the second operating band BW2) becomes long, the frequency of the low operating band is lowered.

Please refer to FIG. 9, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 together. FIG. 9, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are respectively schematic views showing another modified embodiment of an antenna structure according to the present invention. In FIG. 9, the structure of the antenna structure 900 is similar to the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1 except that there is a bend 960 at the second end of the second radiator 920 near the antenna structure 900. . Therefore, the predetermined interval D3a between the first radiator 910 and the second radiator 920 is different in size from the predetermined interval D3b. Since the predetermined interval D3b of the antenna structure 900 is smaller than the predetermined interval D3 of the antenna structure 100, the coupling effect caused by the predetermined interval D3b is stronger.

In FIG. 10, the structure of the antenna structure 1000 is similar to that of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1. The antenna structure 1000 includes a first radiator 1010 and a second radiator 1020, which are different in the antenna structure 1000. The second end 1020B of the second radiator 1020 extends more toward the positive X-axis direction. Further, since the current path of the second current I2d flowing through the second radiator 1020 becomes long, the frequency of the low operating band is lowered.

In Fig. 11, the structure of the antenna structure 1100 is similar to that of the antenna structure 100 of Fig. 1, except that the second end 1120B of the second radiator 1120 of the antenna structure 1100 extends more toward the positive Y-axis direction. In addition, since the current path of the second current I2e flowing through the second radiator 1120 becomes long, the frequency of the low operating frequency band is lowered, and the first current I1e of the first radiator 1110 is affected, resulting in a high operating frequency band. The impedance does not match.

Referring to FIG. 12, FIG. 13, and FIG. 14, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, and FIG. 14 are respectively schematic views showing another modified embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention. In FIG. 12, the structure of the antenna structure 1200 is similar to that of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1. The antenna structure 1200 includes a first radiator 1210 and a second radiator 1220, which are different in the antenna structure 1200. A radiator 1210 is not a surround antenna but is considered to be a short-circuited monopole antenna. Further, since the current path of the first current I1f flowing through the first radiator 1210 becomes short, the frequency of the high operating band is increased.

In FIG. 13, the structure of the antenna structure 1300 is similar to that of the antenna structure 1200 of FIG. 12, except that the first radiator 1310 and the second radiator 1320 of the antenna structure 1300 are not electrically connected together. In the present embodiment, the first radiator 1310 is regarded as a monopole antenna.

In FIG. 14, the structure of the antenna structure 1400 is similar to that of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, except that the first radiator 1410 and the second radiator 1420 of the antenna structure 1400 are not electrically connected together. In the present embodiment, the first radiator 1410 is regarded as a monopole antenna.

Please note that in the first to the fourteenth embodiments, the embodiments in which the first radiator and the second radiator are located on the same plane (that is, the same XY plane) are described, but this is not a limitation of the present invention. . In other embodiments, the first radiator and the second radiator may be disposed on different planes to achieve multi-frequency.

Referring to FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B together, FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are respectively a front view and an inverse view of still another embodiment of an antenna structure 1500 according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, the antenna structure 1500 includes a radiating element 1530, a grounding element 1540, a substrate 1560, a positive feed point P1, and a negative feed point P2. The substrate 1560 has a first plane 1560A and a second plane 1560B relative to one of the first planes 1560A. It should be noted that the grounding element 1540 also includes a first grounding sub-element 1540A and a second grounding sub-element 1540B, which are at least partially overlapped, and the first grounding sub-element 1540A and the first radiator 1510 are first. On the plane 1560A, the second ground sub-element 1540B and the second radiator 1520 are located on the second plane 1560B. The first ground sub-element 1540A of the grounding element 1540 is coupled to the first radiator 1510, and the second ground sub-element 1540B is coupled to the second radiator 1520.

Referring to FIG. 16A and FIG. 16B together, FIG. 16A and FIG. 16B are respectively a front view and an inverse view of still another embodiment of an antenna structure 1600 of the present invention. The antenna structure 1600 is similar to the antenna structure 1500 of FIG. 15 except that the antenna structure 1600 further includes a via hole 1670, and the first ground sub-element 1640A disposed on the ground element 1640 and the The first ground sub-element 1640A and the second ground sub-element 1640B are electrically connected between the two ground sub-element 1640B and penetrate the first plane 1660A and the second plane 1660B of the substrate 1660.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the possible design variations of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art should be able to understand that various changes in the antenna structures 100-1600 mentioned in Figures 1 to 16A and 16B are not in violation of the spirit of this creation. It works. For example, the antennas of FIGS. 1 to 16A and 16B can be arbitrarily arranged into a new modified embodiment.

As can be seen from the above, the present invention provides an antenna structure 100-1600 for surrounding a second radiator around a first radiator and by a second side of the second radiator and a first side of the first radiator The coupling effect formed by the predetermined interval between the edges changes the impedance matching of the antenna to further achieve the purpose of multi-band. In addition, various variations of the antenna structure disclosed herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the position of the positive feed contact and the negative feed contact of the antenna structure can be changed, the size of the predetermined interval between the two radiators can be changed, and the first radiator and/or the second radiator can be changed. The shape, or the first radiator and the second radiator may be disposed on different planes, which are all within the scope of the present invention.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes and modifications made to the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.

100, 400 ~ 1600. . . Antenna structure

110, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810, 910, 1010, 1110, 1210, 1310, 1410, 1510. . . First radiator

120, 420, 520, 620, 720, 820, 920, 1020, 1120, 1220, 1320, 1420, 1520. . . Second radiator

130, 1530. . . Radiation element

140, 1540, 1640. . . Grounding element

1540A, 1640A. . . First ground subcomponent

1540B, 1640B. . . Second ground subcomponent

150, 450, 550. . . Feed signal source

111～114. . . First side

121～124. . . Second side

110A, 120A, 410A, 510A. . . First end

110B, 120B, 1020B, 1120B. . . Second end

P1. . . Positive feed point

P2. . . Negative feed point

X, Y, Z. . . Coordinate axis

D1, D2, D3, D1', D2', D3', D3a, D3b. . . Scheduled interval

I1, I1a, I1b, I1c, I1e, I1f. . . First current

I2, I2a, I2b, I2c, I2d, I2e. . . Second current

BW1, BW2. . . Operating frequency band

A1, A2, B. . . position

960. . . Bend

1560, 1660. . . Substrate

1560A, 1660A‧‧‧ first plane

1560B, 1660B‧‧‧ second plane

1670‧‧‧through holes

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the antenna structure shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna structure shown in Fig. 1.

Figure 4 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a modified embodiment of the antenna structure shown in Fig. 4.

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing a fourth embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing a fifth embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing a sixth embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing a seventh embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a schematic view showing an eighth embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a schematic view showing a ninth embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic view showing a tenth embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a schematic view showing an eleventh embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

15A and 15B are respectively a front view and an inverse view of a twelfth embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

16A and 16B are respectively a front view and an inverse view of a thirteenth embodiment of an antenna structure of the present invention.

100. . . Antenna structure

110. . . First radiator

120. . . Second radiator

130. . . Radiation element

140. . . Grounding element

150. . . Feed signal source

111～114. . . First side

121～124. . . Second side

110A, 120A. . . First end

110B, 120B. . . Second end

P1. . . Positive feed point

P2. . . Negative feed point

D1, D2, D3. . . Scheduled interval

X, Y, Z. . . Coordinate axis

Claims (21)

An antenna structure includes: a positive feed contact and a negative feed contact; a radiating element comprising: a first radiator having a first end coupled to the positive feed contact, and Having a plurality of segments forming at least one bend, each segment including an inside edge and an outside edge; and a second radiator having a first end coupled thereto Negatively feeding the contact, and having a plurality of segments, each segment including an inner side and an outer side, wherein the second radiation system at least partially surrounds the first radiator, and the first radiator The plurality of outer sides and the plurality of inner sides of the second radiator have a plurality of predetermined intervals to form a coupling effect; and a grounding member coupled to the second radiator. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein a first current current flows through the first radiator along the plurality of outer sides of the first radiator, and a second current system along The plurality of inner sides of the second radiator flow through the second radiator. The antenna structure of claim 2, wherein the current path of the first current on the plurality of segments forms a loop. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the positive feed point is The negative feedthrough, the radiating element, and the grounding element are on the same plane. The antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising: a substrate having a first plane and a second plane relative to the first plane, wherein the first radiation system is located on the first plane And the second radiation system is located on the second plane. The antenna structure of claim 5, wherein the grounding element comprises a first grounding sub-element and a second grounding sub-element, the two at least partially overlapping each other; the first grounding sub-element and the first A radiation system is located on the first plane; and the second ground sub-element and the second radiation system are located on the second plane. The antenna structure of claim 6, further comprising: a via hole disposed between the first ground sub-element and the second ground sub-element and extending through the substrate a plane and the second plane are configured to electrically connect the first ground sub-element and the second ground sub-element. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the first radiator and the second radiation system form a spiral. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the plurality of predetermined intervals form a spiral space. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the second radiator further has a second end and has a bend adjacent to the second end of the second radiator. An antenna structure includes: a positive feed contact and a negative feed contact; a radiating element comprising: a first radiator having a first end coupled to the positive feed contact; a second radiator having a first end coupled to the negative feed contact, the second radiation system at least partially surrounding the first radiator, and between the first radiator and the second radiator Having a plurality of predetermined intervals to form a coupling effect, wherein the plurality of predetermined intervals form a spiral space, and the first radiator and the second radiation system are circumferentially disposed along the spiral space; A grounding component is coupled to the second radiator. The antenna structure of claim 11, wherein the first radiator has a plurality of first sides, the second radiator has a plurality of second sides, and the plurality of first radiators The plurality of predetermined intervals between the first side and the plurality of second sides of the second radiator form a coupling effect. The antenna structure of claim 12, wherein a first current current flows through the first radiator along the plurality of first sides, and a second current system along the plurality of second The side flows through the second radiator. The antenna structure of claim 13, wherein the first radiator has a plurality of segments, and the current path of the first current on the plurality of segments constitutes a loop. The antenna structure of claim 12, wherein the first radiator has a plurality of sections, each section has an inner side and an outer side, and the plurality of first side lines are The plurality of outer sides of the plurality of segments. The antenna structure of claim 12, wherein the second radiator has a plurality of segments, each segment having an inner side and an outer side, and the plurality of second sides are The plurality of inner sides of the plurality of segments. The antenna structure of claim 11, wherein the positive feed contact, the negative feed contact, the radiating element, and the ground element are on the same plane. The antenna structure of claim 11, further comprising: a substrate having a first plane and a second plane relative to the first plane, wherein the first radiation system is located on the first plane And the second radiation system is located on the second plane. The antenna structure of claim 18, wherein the grounding element comprises a first grounding sub-element and a second grounding sub-element, the two at least partially overlapping each other; the first grounding sub-element and the first a radiation system is located on the first plane; And the second grounding sub-element and the second radiation system are located on the second plane. The antenna structure of claim 19, further comprising: a via hole disposed between the first ground sub-element and the second ground sub-element, and extending through the first plane of the substrate The second plane is configured to electrically connect the first ground sub-element and the second ground sub-element. The antenna structure of claim 11, wherein the second radiator further has a second end and has a bend adjacent to the second end of the second radiator.