TWM463913U - Antenna structure - Google Patents

Abstract

An antenna structure includes a ground plane, a main radiation element, a signal source, a feeding connection element, and a grounding connection element. The main radiation element is separate from the ground plane and substantially parallel to the ground plane. The main radiation element has a slot. The slot has an open end and a closed end. The feeding connection element is disposed adjacent to the open end of the slot. The signal source is coupled through the feeding connection element to the main radiation element. The grounding connection element is also disposed adjacent to the open end of the slot. The main radiation element is further coupled through the grounding connection element to the ground plane.

Description

Antenna structure

This creation is about an antenna structure, especially with regard to a low cost, high gain antenna structure.

With the development of mobile communication technologies, mobile devices have become more and more popular in recent years, such as portable computers, mobile phones, multimedia players, and other portable electronic devices with mixed functions. In order to meet people's needs, mobile devices usually have the function of wireless communication. Some cover long-range wireless communication range, for example, mobile phones use 2G, 3G, LTE (Long Term Evolution) systems and the 700MHz, 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, 1900MHz, 2100MHz, 2300MHz and 2500MHz bands used for communication. Others cover short-range wireless communication ranges. For example, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) systems use 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz, 5.2 GHz, and 5.8 GHz bands for communication.

The antenna is an essential component of a mobile device with wireless communication capabilities. Traditionally, when designing a high-gain antenna, the antenna is typically attached to the interior of the enclosure via a coaxial cable or to the exterior of the enclosure as a dipole antenna. The cost of the antenna comes from the fabrication of materials, including printed circuit boards, metal wires, and coaxial cables outside the system motherboard. For example, when designing a high-gain antenna, the microstrip slot-coupled antenna is a good choice with a gain of up to 9 dBi. Of course However, the manufacturing cost of the microstrip slot coupling antenna is not low, and the customer must be sacrificed between the antenna performance and the manufacturing cost.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a low cost and high gain antenna structure. In a preferred embodiment, the antenna structure includes: a ground plane; a main radiating portion having a slot, wherein the main radiating portion is separated from the ground plane and substantially parallel to the ground plane, and the slot An open end and a closed end; a signal source; a feed connection adjacent to the open end of the slot, wherein the signal source is coupled to the main radiating portion via the feed connection; a ground connection portion adjacent to the open end of the slot, wherein the main radiating portion is coupled to the ground plane via the ground connection portion.

100, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800‧‧‧ antenna structures

110‧‧‧ ground plane

120‧‧‧System Board

130, 330, 430, 530, 630, 730 ‧ ‧ main radiation department

131‧‧‧The long side of the main radiation department

132‧‧‧Short side of the main radiation department

140, 540‧‧‧ slots

141‧‧‧ open end of the slot

142‧‧‧ Closed end of the slot

150‧‧‧Signal source

160, 360‧‧‧Feed in the connection department

170, 370, 870‧‧‧ Ground connection

333‧‧‧The first end of the main radiation department

334‧‧‧The second end of the main radiation department

341‧‧‧ first slot

342‧‧‧Second slot

343‧‧‧ third slot

371, 871‧‧‧Bending part of the grounding joint

381‧‧‧First Radiation Department

382‧‧‧Second Radiation Department

D1‧‧‧Slot length

D2‧‧‧Distance between main radiation and ground plane

D3‧‧‧The length of the long side of the main radiation section

D4‧‧‧The length of the short side of the main radiation section

FB1‧‧‧Low frequency band

FB2‧‧‧High frequency band

X, Y, Z‧‧‧ coordinate axis direction

1 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a return loss of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a view showing a preferred embodiment according to the present invention. A schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to an embodiment; FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; The figure shows a schematic representation of an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; and FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In order to make the purpose, the features and the advantages of the present invention more obvious and obvious, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described below, and the drawings are described in detail below.

1 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna structure 100 can be disposed in a wireless network base station or a mobile device, such as a smart phone, a tablet computer, or a notebook computer. The antenna structure 100 is further coupled to a communication module (not shown) of the mobile device to provide a wireless communication function. As shown in FIG. 1 , the antenna structure 100 includes at least a ground plane 110 , a main radiating portion 130 , a signal source 150 , a feed connection portion 160 , and a ground connection portion 170 . In some embodiments, the primary radiant portion 130, the feedthrough connection portion 160, and the ground connection portion 170 collectively form one of the integrally formed (All-In-One, AIO) metal components. The antenna structure 100 further includes a system circuit board 120, such as a FR4 (Flame Retardant 4) substrate, and the ground plane 110 can be disposed on a metal plane of the system circuit board 120. The system board 120 can be further used to accommodate other electronic components of the mobile device, such as a processor, a transceiver, a controller, a touch module, and a power supply module (not shown).

The main radiating portion 130 is separated from the ground plane 110 and is substantially parallel to the ground plane 110. The ground plane 110 can serve as a reflective surface for reflecting electromagnetic waves from the main radiating portion 130 to enhance the antenna gain of the antenna structure 100 (Antenna Gain). The main radiating portion 130 has a slot 140. The slot 140 has an open end 141 and a closed end 142. In some embodiments, main radiating portion 130 is generally rectangular and slot 140 is generally straight. In more detail, the main radiating portion 130 has at least one long side 131 and at least one short side 132, and the open end 141 of the slot 140 is substantially at the center of the long side 131. It must be noted that this creation is not limited to this. In other embodiments, main radiating portion 130 and slot 140 may have other different shapes, such as an inverted T-shape, a cross shape, which will be described in detail in the following paragraphs. The signal source 150 is coupled to the main radiating portion 130 via the feed connection portion 160 to excite the antenna structure 100. In some embodiments, the signal source 150 is a radio frequency (RF) module coupled to the feed connection portion 160 via a coaxial cable or a metal wiring (not shown) on the system circuit board 120. . The main radiating portion 130 is further coupled to the ground plane 110 via the ground connection portion 170. Both the feed connection portion 160 and the ground connection portion 170 are adjacent to the open end 141 of the slot 140. In more detail, the open end 141 of the slot 140 is between the feed connection 160 and the ground connection 170. In some embodiments, the feedthrough connection 160 and the ground connection 170 are parallel to one another and are generally perpendicular to the primary and ground planes 110, 110. That is, the metal component including the main radiating portion 130, the feed connecting portion 160, and the ground connecting portion 170 is formed on the ground plane 110 to form an elevated structure. In some embodiments, the feedthrough connection 160 and the ground connection 170 are each substantially straight.

Figure 2 is a diagram showing an antenna junction according to an embodiment of the present invention. A Return Loss plot of the structure 100, where the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency (MHz) and the vertical axis represents the return loss (dB). As shown in FIG. 2, the antenna structure 100 can excite at least one low frequency band FB1 and one high frequency band FB2 under the definition of a 10 dB return loss. In the preferred embodiment, the low frequency band FB1 is between about 2400 MHz and 2500 MHz, and the high frequency band FB2 is between about 5150 MHz and 5850 MHz. Therefore, the antenna structure 100 of the present invention can be used to cover the WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) 2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz band, so that a mobile device including the antenna structure 100 can support at least Wi-Fi wireless connection and IEEE (Institute of Electrical). And Electronics Engineers) 802.11 communication standard. In other embodiments, the antenna structure 100 can also be designed to cover only one of the required low frequency bands, such as the WLAN 2.4 GHz band or the GPS (Global Positioning System) band.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 2 together. In some embodiments, the component dimensions of antenna structure 100 can be as follows. The length D1 of the slot 140 is approximately between 0.25 times and 0.35 times the wavelength of one of the low frequency bands FB1 (about 2450 MHz). The distance D2 between the main radiating portion 130 and the ground plane 110 is approximately between 0.15 times the wavelength and 0.25 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the low frequency band FB1. The sum of the length D1 and the distance D2 is about 0.5 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the low frequency band FB1. The length D3 of the long side 131 of the main radiating portion 130 is about 0.5 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the low frequency band FB1. The length D4 of the short side 132 of the main radiating portion 130 is about 0.25 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the low frequency band FB1.

The length of a conventional slot antenna is usually designed to be 0.5 times the wavelength of a center frequency, and the slot is coupledly fed by a microstrip line. A conventional slot antenna needs to occupy at least one of the dielectric substrates at the time of manufacture. Surface, so its structure is more complicated and costly. In contrast, the antenna structure 100 of the present invention can be regarded as one of the slotted antennas. The antenna structure 100 is directly excited by being connected to the signal source 150, and the length of the slot 140 is only about 0.25 times the wavelength of a center frequency. Generally speaking, the antenna structure 100 is formed only by the existing ground plane 110 and one of the integrally formed metal components (including the main radiating portion 130, the feeding connecting portion 160, and the ground connecting portion 170), and the composition thereof is relatively simple and has Lower manufacturing costs. Therefore, this creation is very suitable for mass production and can be applied to a variety of mobile devices.

In the antenna principle, when the antenna structure 100 is excited, according to the measured current distribution diagram, the main resonant current flows periodically on the surface of the main radiating portion 130 along the positive and negative Z directions of FIG. 1 , wherein The current density is the smallest at the opposite short sides of the main radiating portion 130, and the current density is the largest at the center of the main radiating portion 130 (near the slot 140). Therefore, the current distribution of the antenna structure 100 of the present invention is approximately one of the 0.5 times wavelength dipole antennas. In addition, the ground plane 110 on the system board 120 can serve as a reflective surface of the antenna structure 100. Since the electromagnetic wave generated by the main radiating portion 130 and the electromagnetic wave reflected by the ground plane 110 can form constructive interference, the antenna gain of the antenna structure 100 can be effectively improved. In the preferred embodiment, the antenna gain of the present invention is up to 6~7dBi, which is a low cost and high gain one antenna structure.

3 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure 300 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 is similar to Figure 1. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the antenna structure 300 includes a ground plane 110, a system circuit board 120, a main radiating portion 330, a signal source 150, a feed connection portion 360, a ground connection portion 370, and a The first radiation portion 381 and a second radiation portion 382. Main radiation unit 330 It can be roughly inverted T-shaped. The main radiating portion 330 has a first end 333 and a second end 334. The first radiating portion 381 is coupled to the first end 333 of the main radiating portion 330, and the second radiating portion 382 is coupled to the second end 334 of the main radiating portion 330. The first radiating portion 381 and the second radiating portion 382 are for increasing the resonance length of the main radiating portion 330 and adjusting the impedance matching of the antenna structure 300. The first radiating portion 381 may be substantially a rectangle, and the first radiating portion 381 and the main radiating portion 330 may be respectively located on two planes substantially perpendicular to each other; similarly, the second radiating portion 382 may also be substantially a rectangle. The second radiating portion 382 and the main radiating portion 330 may also be located on the other two planes substantially perpendicular to each other. In some embodiments, the first and second secondary radiating portions 381, 382 have substantially equal dimensions and are separated from the ground plane 110. The main radiating portion 330 has a first slot 341, a second slot 342, and a third slot 343. The first slot 341, the second slot 342, and the third slot 343 each have an open end and a closed end, wherein the open ends can communicate with each other. In some embodiments, the first slot 341, the second slot 342, and the third slot 343 are substantially parallel to each other. In some embodiments, the first slot 341, the second slot 342, and the third slot 343 form an inverted m-shape. The first slot 341, the second slot 342, and the third slot 343 may have substantially the same length, and the three lengths may be about 0.25 times the center frequency of one of the low frequency bands of the antenna structure 300 to Between 0.35 times the wavelength. Compared with the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, the plurality of slots of the antenna structure 300 can generate more resonant current paths, so that the operating bandwidth of the antenna structure 300 can be increased. In addition, one of the long sides of the meandering portion of the main radiating portion 330 can increase the resonance length of the main radiating portion 330, thereby reducing the overall size of the main radiating portion 330. The signal source 150 is coupled to the main radiating portion 330 via the feed connection portion 360. In some embodiments, the feed The inlet portion 360 has an unequal width configuration to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna structure 300. The main radiating portion 330 is further coupled to the ground plane 110 via the ground connection portion 370. In some embodiments, the ground connection portion 370 is substantially L-shaped and includes a bent portion 371, and the bent portion 371 is directly soldered to the ground plane 110 to increase the stability of the antenna structure 300. After appropriate fine tuning, the antenna structure 300 can encompass a low frequency band and at least one high frequency band, and its return loss map can be similar to FIG. The remaining features and operating principles of the antenna structure 300 of FIG. 3 are similar to those of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, so that the second embodiment can achieve similar operational effects.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure 400 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is similar to Figure 3. In the embodiment of Fig. 4, one of the main radiating portions 430 of the antenna structure 400 is substantially rectangular. The remaining features and operational principles of the antenna structure 400 of FIG. 4 are similar to those of the antenna structure 300 of FIG. 3, so that the second embodiment can achieve similar operational effects.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure 500 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is similar to Figure 1. In the embodiment of Fig. 5, one of the main radiating portions 530 of the antenna structure 500 has a slot 540, and the slot 540 is substantially a cross. Since the slot 540 has a relatively tortuous shape, the length of the resonant current path can be increased, thereby reducing the area occupied by the slot 540 on the main radiating portion 530. The remaining features and operating principles of the antenna structure 500 of FIG. 5 are similar to those of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, so that the second embodiment can achieve similar operational effects.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure 600 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is similar to Figure 1. In the embodiment of Fig. 6, one of the antenna structures 600 has a substantially T-shaped main radiating portion 630. Since the main radiating portion 630 has one of the long sides of the meandering portion, the resonance length of the main radiating portion 630 can be increased. Thereby, the overall size of the main radiating portion 630 is reduced. The remaining features and operational principles of the antenna structure 600 of FIG. 6 are similar to those of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, so that the second embodiment can achieve similar operational effects.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure 700 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is similar to Figure 1. In the embodiment of Fig. 7, one of the main radiating portions 730 of the antenna structure 700 is substantially an isosceles trapezoid. Since the main radiating portion 730 has one of the long sides of the meandering, the resonance length of the main radiating portion 730 can be increased, thereby reducing the overall size of the main radiating portion 730. The remaining features and operating principles of the antenna structure 700 of FIG. 7 are similar to those of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, so that the second embodiment can achieve similar operational effects.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing an antenna structure 800 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is similar to Figure 1. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, one of the grounding connections 870 of the antenna structure 800 is substantially L-shaped and includes a bent portion 871, and the bent portion 871 is directly soldered to the ground plane 110 to increase the antenna structure. 800 stability. The remaining features and operating principles of the antenna structure 800 of FIG. 8 are similar to those of the antenna structure 100 of FIG. 1, so that the second embodiment can achieve similar operational effects.

In other embodiments, the main radiating portion of the antenna structure of the present invention may be other shapes, such as: a polygon, a circle, a semicircle, or an ellipse (not shown); and the slot of the main radiating portion The holes may be of other shapes, such as a double cross shape, a unequal width strip, or a taper (not shown).

It should be noted that the component sizes, component parameters, component shapes, and frequency ranges described above are not limitations of this creation. The antenna designer can adjust these settings according to different needs. In addition, the antenna junction of this creation The configuration is not limited to the state illustrated in Figures 1-8. This creation may include only one or a plurality of features of any one or a plurality of embodiments of Figures 1-8. In other words, not all of the illustrated features must be implemented simultaneously in the antenna structure of the present invention.

The ordinal numbers in this specification and the scope of the patent application, such as "first", "second", "third", etc., have no sequential relationship with each other, and are only used to indicate that two are identical. Different components of the name.

The present invention is disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of this creation is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application attached.

100‧‧‧Antenna structure

110‧‧‧ ground plane

120‧‧‧System Board

130‧‧‧Main Radiation Department

131‧‧‧The long side of the main radiation department

132‧‧‧Short side of the main radiation department

140‧‧‧Slots

141‧‧‧ open end of the slot

142‧‧‧ Closed end of the slot

150‧‧‧Signal source

160‧‧‧Feed in the connection

170‧‧‧Ground connection

D1‧‧‧Slot length

D2‧‧‧Distance between main radiation and ground plane

D3‧‧‧The length of the long side of the main radiation section

D4‧‧‧The length of the short side of the main radiation section

X, Y, Z‧‧‧ coordinate axis direction

Claims (24)

An antenna structure includes: a ground plane; a main radiating portion having a slot, wherein the main radiating portion is separated from the ground plane and substantially parallel to the ground plane, and the slot has an open end and a closed a signal source; a feed connection portion adjacent to the open end of the slot, wherein the signal source is coupled to the main radiating portion via the feed connection portion; and a ground connection portion adjacent to the The open end of the slot, wherein the main radiating portion is coupled to the ground plane via the ground connection. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the open end of the slot is between the feed connection and the ground connection. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the feed connection portion is substantially perpendicular to the main radiation portion and the ground plane. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the ground connection portion is substantially perpendicular to the main radiation portion and the ground plane. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the ground plane acts as a reflecting surface for reflecting electromagnetic waves from the main radiating portion to enhance antenna gain of the antenna structure. The antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising: a system circuit board, wherein the ground plane is disposed on the circuit board of the system, wherein the main radiating portion, the feeding connection portion, and the grounding The connecting portions collectively form one of the integrally formed metal members. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the antenna structure is excited to generate a low frequency band and a high frequency band. The antenna structure of claim 7, wherein the low frequency band is between about 2400 MHz and 2500 MHz, and the high frequency band is between about 5150 MHz and 5850 MHz. The antenna structure of claim 7, wherein the slot has a length between about 0.25 times and 0.35 times the center frequency of the low frequency band. The antenna structure of claim 7, wherein the distance between the main radiating portion and the ground plane is between about 0.15 wavelengths and 0.25 times the center frequency of the low frequency band. The antenna structure of claim 7, wherein the main radiating portion has a long side and a short side, and the open end of the slot is substantially at the center of the long side. The antenna structure of claim 11, wherein the length of the long side of the main radiating portion is about 0.5 times the wavelength of the center frequency of the low frequency band. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the main radiating portion is substantially rectangular. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the slot is substantially straight. The antenna structure of claim 1, further comprising: a first radiating portion coupled to the first end of the main radiating portion; and a second radiating portion coupled to the main radiating portion a second end of the portion, wherein the first end of the main radiating portion is opposite to the second end of the main radiating portion. The antenna structure of claim 15, wherein the first radiating portion is substantially a rectangle, and the first radiating portion and the main radiating portion are respectively located on two planes substantially perpendicular to each other. The antenna structure of claim 15, wherein the second radiating portion is substantially a rectangle, and the second radiating portion and the main radiating portion are respectively located on two planes substantially perpendicular to each other. The antenna structure of claim 15, wherein the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion have substantially equal dimensions and are separated from the ground plane. The antenna structure of claim 15, wherein the slot is a first slot, the main radiating portion further has a second slot and a third slot, the second slot and the second slot The three slots each have an open end and a closed end, and the first slot, the second slot, and the third slot are substantially parallel to each other. The antenna structure of claim 19, wherein the first slot, the second slot, and the third slot form an inverted m-shape. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the ground connection portion is substantially L-shaped and includes a bent portion, and the bent portion is soldered to the ground plane. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the main radiating portion is substantially an inverted T-shape. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the slot is substantially a cross. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein the main radiating portion is substantially an isosceles trapezoid.