TWI419344B - 圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池 - Google Patents

圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池 Download PDF

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TWI419344B
TWI419344B TW099128295A TW99128295A TWI419344B TW I419344 B TWI419344 B TW I419344B TW 099128295 A TW099128295 A TW 099128295A TW 99128295 A TW99128295 A TW 99128295A TW I419344 B TWI419344 B TW I419344B
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pattern
solar cell
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Yee Shyi Chang
yu hai Liu
Chi Jen Liu
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An Ching New Energy Machinery & Equipment Co Ltd
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Description

圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池
本發明是有關於一種太陽能電池，且特別是有關於一種藉由調整與設計圖樣而具有美觀、行銷與防竊效果的薄膜太陽能電池。
隨著環保意識抬頭，節能減碳的概念逐漸受眾人所重視，再生能源的開發與利用成為世界各國積極投入發展的重點。再生能源當中，由於太陽光隨處可得，且不像其他能源會對地球產生污染(如：石化能源、核能)，因此可將太陽光轉換成電能的太陽能電池是目前看好的明星產業。
太陽能電池若可具有大面積的照光面積，便可產生相對大量且可供使用的電能。因此有許多廠商希冀將「綠能建築」的概念融入太陽能電池中，即在建築物曝曬太陽最多之處鋪設太陽能電池，藉以利用太陽能電池所產生的電能來彌補建築物內所耗費的電能。
本發明提供一種圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，其具有美觀、行銷與防竊的效果。
本發明提出一種圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，包括透光基板、上電極層、光伏層與下電極層。上電極層配置於透光基板上，其中上電極層為透光電極。光伏層配置於上電極層上。下電極層配置於光伏層上，其中下電極層具有可調或可設計之圖樣。
在本發明之一實施例中，上述之下電極層更包括導電層與薄膜圖樣層，其中薄膜圖樣層具有可供設計者調整或設計的圖樣，且導電層位於光伏層與薄膜圖樣層之間。
在本發明之一實施例中，上述之導電層為透光導電層。
在本發明之一實施例中，上述之薄膜圖樣層可根據上述的圖樣而分為多個顏色區域，並將同一顏色的顏色區域之薄膜圖樣層塗佈相同的顏色金屬。
在本發明之一實施例中，上述之下電極層可依據上述的圖樣將下電極層分為多個顏色區域，並將同一顏色的顏色區域之下電極層塗佈相同的顏色金屬。
在本發明之一實施例中，上述之圖樣可為圖形商標、圖形標示或公司名稱。
在本發明之一實施例中，薄膜太陽能電池更可包括溫度導向光學層，配置於光伏層與下電極層之間。溫度導向光學層對於紅外光之透光度隨溫度而變，且當溫度導向光學層的溫度提升至特定範圍時，溫度導向光學層對於紅外光的透光度將會降低。
在本發明之一實施例中，上述之溫度導向光學層的材質為二氧化釩。
在本發明之一實施例中，上述之光伏層包括N型半導體層與P型半導體層，且N型半導體層與P型半導體層依序配置於上電極層與下電極層之間。
基於上述，本發明之實施例於下電極層中具備可供調整與可設計的圖樣，除可藉由從透光基板射入之入射光線來維持光伏層的運作，亦可讓使用者欣賞位於薄膜太陽能電池中多樣化的圖樣，或是可將商品辨識碼鑲嵌於薄膜太陽能電池的下電極層中，從而可達到外型美觀、商業宣傳、品牌打造或防竊等目的。另外，於實施例中亦可以增加溫度導向光學層，使其依據目前的溫度而調整紅外光波段的太陽光通過薄膜太陽能電池的透光度，藉以控制建築物之採光與溫室之溫度等，從而可降低空調設備的使用率，藉以減少電費的花費。
另外，本發明之實施例除了可應用於建築物的窗戶或屋頂上藉以強化美觀、商業行銷之外，亦可應用於需要較多綠光或藍綠混光的農業或花卉產業當中。換言之，本發明之實施例之智能型薄膜太陽能電池在產業利用上可提供極為巨大的貢獻。
為讓本發明之上述特徵和優點能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式作詳細說明如下。
現將詳細參考本發明之示範性實施例，在附圖中說明所述示範性實施例之實例。另外，凡可能之處，在圖式及實施方式中使用相同標號的元件/構件/符號代表相同或類似部分。
圖1為依照本發明一實施例說明圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池10的剖面示意圖。請參照圖1，薄膜太陽能電池10包括透光基板100、上電極層110、光伏層120、下電極層130與透光基板150。
透光基板100的材料例如是採用玻璃基板，其中入射光線L可由此透光基板100進入薄膜太陽能電池10，如圖1所示。上電極層110配置於透光基板100上，其中本實施例所指的上電極層110為靠近入射光線L方向的電極層，且上電極層110為透光電極，其材料可以採用透光導電氧化物。上述的透光導電氧化物可以是銦錫氧化物(indium tin oxide，ITO)、氧化鋁鋅(Al doped ZnO，AZO)、銦鋅氧化物(indium zinc oxide，IZO)或其他透光導電材料。
請繼續參考圖1，光伏層120配置於上電極層110上。於本實施例中，薄膜太陽能電池10之光伏層120若為單接面(single junction)的形態時，光伏層120可包括N型半導體層123與P型半導體層125，其中N型半導體層123與P型半導體層125可依序配置於上電極層110與下電極層140之間。詳細而言，N型半導體層123的材料可採用非晶矽或微晶矽，而N型半導體層123中所摻雜的材料例如是選自元素週期表中VA族元素的群組，可為氮(N)、磷(P)、砷(As)、銻(Sb)或鉍(Bi)等元素。另外，P型半導體層125的材料例如為非晶矽或微晶矽，而P型半導體層125中所摻雜的材料例如是選自元素週期表中IIIA族元素的群組，可為硼(B)、鋁(Al)、鎵(Ga)、銦(In)或鉈(Tl)等元素。
上述僅為舉例說明，本發明不限於此。在其他可能的實施例中，薄膜太陽能電池10之光伏層120也可採用雙接面(double junction)或三接面(triple junction)的光伏結構。換言之，本實施例之薄膜太陽能電池10可以是非晶矽薄膜太陽能電池、微晶矽薄膜太陽能電池、堆疊式(tandem)薄膜太陽能電池或三層式(triple)矽薄膜太陽能電池。值得一提的是，在圖1中的光伏層120亦可包括有一高溫非晶矽本質層(intrinsic layer)，其中高溫非晶矽本質層(未繪示)可配置於N型半導體層123與P型半導體層125之間，以增強此薄膜太陽能電池10的光電轉換效率，如圖1所示。
請繼續參考圖1，下電極層130配置於光伏層120上，並且下電極層130具有可供設計者調整或可供設計之圖樣。此處所指的圖樣於本實施例中可為圖形商標、圖形標示或公司名稱，但於符合本發明精神之其他實施例中亦可將視覺美觀顯示之花紋、圖式、商品辨識碼等設計於其上，藉以達成美觀、行銷與防竊等目的，因此本發明不應以此為限。以下將提出兩種使下電極層130具有圖樣之實施方式，其中一種實施方式是配置一薄膜圖樣層140於一導電層與透光基板150之間，而形成如圖1所繪示的下電極層130；另一種的實施方式則是可利用具有多種顏色之金屬來組成如圖2所繪示的下電極層130，以使下電極層130具有電極導電之功能外，同時亦具有多樣化的圖樣。在此須注意的是，上述發明實施例僅為多種實施方式之舉例，本發明不應以下電極層130如何具有圖樣的方式而受到限制。
於薄膜太陽能電池10中，下電極層130可包括有上述的導電層135與薄膜圖樣層140。下電極層130可依據設計者所提供之圖樣將薄膜圖樣層140分為多個顏色區域，並將相同顏色區域的薄膜圖樣層塗佈上同樣的顏色金屬，藉以依據設計者所需之圖樣作調整與設計。本實施例所述具有顏色之金屬可以是鎳、銀、金或鋁等具有顏色的金屬元素，從而可使薄膜顏色層140得以產生金色、銀色、葡萄色或茶色等顏色，以組合成使用者所需的圖樣。此外，導電層135於本實施例中位在光伏層120與薄膜圖樣層140之間，以使下電極層130具有電極之功能。在本實施例中，導電層135可以是透光導電層，以使從透光基板100望向薄膜太陽能電池10的觀賞者、或是從透光基板150望向薄膜太陽能電池10的觀賞者都能夠看見薄膜圖樣層140上的圖樣，藉以達成美觀與行銷等目的。於其他實施例中，導電層135亦可以是不透光導電層，當觀賞者從透光基板100望向薄膜太陽能電池10時便無法看見薄膜圖樣層140上的圖樣，僅能從透光基板150望向薄膜太陽能電池10時才能看見，藉此可把圖樣資訊(例如商品辨識碼)設置於薄膜太陽能電池10的下電極層130中，使其於遭竊時易於辨明物品歸屬，從而達到防竊的功能。
請繼續參照圖1，基板150用以保護與黏合薄膜太陽能電池10。於本實施例中，基板150可為一透光基板，而於其他實施例中亦可為反射基板，但以能顯示下電極層130所具有之圖樣為主，基板150並非本發明實施例之重點，不應以此為限。
在此提出另一實施例，請參照圖2。圖2為依照本發明另一實施例說明圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池20之剖面示意圖。本實施例與上述實施例相似，因此相同動作方式與說明不再贅述。其不同之處在於薄膜太陽能電池20的下電極層130本身並不具備薄膜圖樣層140，而可直接依據使用者或設計者所需的圖樣而將下電極層130分為多個顏色區域，並將相同顏色區域的下電極層130塗佈同樣的顏色金屬，藉以形成圖樣，並且使下電極層130同樣具有導電電極之功用。
此外，本實施例之薄膜太陽能電池20更包括溫度導向光學層160，其配置於光伏層120與下電極層130之間，其可使通過此薄膜太陽能電池20之紅外光透光度隨著目前溫度T而自動變更。舉例來說，當溫度過高時，通過薄膜太陽能電池20之紅外光的透光度便會降低，藉以增加阻擋紅外光通過薄膜太陽能電池20的比例。如此一來，若溫室之建材採用本實施例之薄膜太陽能電池20時，便可在外部環境為高溫時而避免溫室內的溫度過高。相反地，當外部環境之溫度較低時，通過薄膜太陽能電池20之紅外光的比例將會提升，如此可讓較多的入射光線L之紅外光得以穿透，如此一來，若溫室之建材採用本實施例之薄膜太陽能電池20時，便可溫室內部的環境溫度較容易提升。於本實施例中，溫度導向光學層160的材質可為二氧化釩，或者可為氧元素與釩元素的化合物。
值得一提的是，於一實施例中，上述薄膜太陽能電池10亦可配置有上述的溫度導向光學層(未繪示)而同樣具有薄膜太陽能電池20所提及的優點，在此便不再贅述。
綜上所述，本發明的實施例在下電極層中具備可供調整與可設計的圖樣，除可藉由從透光基板射入的光線以維持光伏層的運作，亦可讓使用者欣賞位於薄膜太陽能電池中多樣化的圖樣，或是可將商品辨識碼鑲嵌於薄膜太陽能電池的下電極層中，從而可達到外型美觀、商業宣傳、品牌打造或防竊等目的。另外，於實施例中亦可以增加溫度導向光學層，使其依據目前的溫度而調整紅外光波段的太陽光通過薄膜太陽能電池的透光度，藉以控制建築物之採光與溫室之溫度等，從而可降低空調設備的使用率，藉以減少電費的花費。
另外，本發明之實施例除了可應用於建築物的窗戶或屋頂上藉以強化美觀、商業行銷之外，亦可應用於需要較多綠光或藍綠混光的農業或花卉產業當中。換言之，本發明之實施例之智能型薄膜太陽能電池在產業利用上可提供極為巨大的貢獻。
雖然本發明已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本發明，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內，當可作些許之更動與潤飾，故本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。
10、20．．．薄膜太陽能電池
100、150．．．透光基板
110．．．上電極層
120．．．光伏層
123．．．N型半導體層
125．．．P型半導體層
130．．．下電極層
135．．．導電層
140．．．薄膜圖樣層
L．．．入射光線
圖1為依照本發明一實施例說明圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池的剖面示意圖。
圖2為依照本發明另一實施例說明圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池的剖面示意圖。
10．．．薄膜太陽能電池
100、150．．．透光基板
110．．．上電極層
120．．．光伏層
123．．．N型半導體層
125．．．P型半導體層
130．．．下電極層
135．．．導電層
140．．．薄膜圖樣層

Claims (8)

  1. 一種圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，包括：一透光基板；一上電極層，配置於該透光基板上，其中該上電極層為一透光電極；一光伏層，配置於該上電極層上；以及一下電極層，配置於該光伏層上，其中該下電極層具有可調式或可設計之一圖樣，並依據該圖樣分為多數個顏色區域，並且將同一顏色之該些顏色區域的下電極層塗佈一顏色金屬。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，其中該下電極層更包括一導電層與一薄膜圖樣層，且該薄膜圖樣層具有可調或可設計之該圖樣。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，其中該導電層位於該光伏層與該薄膜圖樣層之間。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，其中該導電層為透光導電層。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，其中該薄膜圖樣層依據該圖樣分為該些顏色區域，並且將同一顏色之該些顏色區域的薄膜圖樣層塗佈該顏色金屬。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，更包括：一溫度導向光學層，配置於該光伏層與該下電極層之間，該溫度導向光學層對一紅外光之透光度隨一溫度而變，其中當該溫度導向光學層的該溫度提升至一特定範圍時，該溫度導向光學層對該紅外光之透光度會降低。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，其中該溫度導向光學層的材質為二氧化釩。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之圖樣可調式或可設計的薄膜太陽能電池，其中該光伏層包括一N型半導體層與一P型半導體層，依序配置於該上電極層與該下電極層之間。
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