TWI416000B - Steel support system for roof structures - Google Patents

Abstract

The aim of the present invention is to provide a support system for spans, preferably above 20 m, which can be flexibly adapted to different spans and requires only little effort of planning and production. Said aim is achieved by a support system that comprises several standard modules which are prefabricated, configured in a modular and standardized manner, interconnected and can be subjected to different loads. Two standard modules are embodied as support elements (1) of a framework structure with chords (5) and diagonals (6) consisting of hollow profiled elements of constant length, one standard module forming a central piece element (2, 2', 2'') made of a gridless, length-variable base module having a frame-type structure with chords (3, 3', 3'') and posts (4) of hollow profiled elements, each comprising the same components for different spans in order to adjust the required length of the central piece element (2, 2', 2'').

Description

Steel support system for roof structure

The present invention relates to a prefabricated support system for a ceiling structure made of steel according to the first aspect of the patent application, which is constructed by hollow steel in a modular manner.

A prefabricated support system for a ceiling made of hollow steel can be found, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,559,748.

This type of support system consists of a number of individual support elements that are joined to each other and subject to tensile, compressive, and bending stresses depending on the load applied to them. .

For these supporting members, a lattice-like structure designed in accordance with the stress applied thereto or the like is used, and the lattice-like structure includes flange portions and diagonal pillars which are joined to each other to form a support system.

A disadvantage of this type of support system is that for each ceiling system or for different spans, individual design or structural calculations must be made depending on the frame points, which results in high costs and correspondingly long transport times.

Known support systems are quite uneconomical due to such individual design and manufacturing procedures, especially for wide spans, such as those over 20 meters, because the design cost is quite high. The use of these known prefabricated support systems made of hollow sections will not be able to be delivered to customers economically and quickly.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a support system for use with a span of preferably more than 20 meters which can be modified in a flexible and low planning and manufacturing cost to accommodate different span situations.

This object can be achieved by the features of item 1 of the scope of the patent application. And its useful improvements are the subject matter of the subsidiary items.

In the teachings of the present invention, this object can be achieved by using a support system that is constructed by combining a plurality of prefabricated modular modules in a modular and standardized manner with different load capabilities and joined together.

There are two standard modules which are made of load-bearing elements and which are made of a flange portion made of hollow steel having a fixed length and a lattice-like structure made of diagonal pillars. Another standard component is a central component, including a basic module with a frameless structure, the length of which can be changed, and a flange portion and a column made of hollow steel for different span systems. Use the same components to get the length required in each case.

The advantage of such a support system is that the central part is made of standard basic modules, can use the same components and can adapt to different spans regardless of the grid points of the frame, and can be easily adjusted to Fit to the required span.

This part is achieved by standardizing the load-bearing elements to have a fixed length and partly by the modular structure of the central part. Based on this, it can adjust the central part of the central part flexibly and at low cost. The different span widths that make up the ceiling structure.

In the ceiling support system of the present invention, the load bearing members have a fixed length regardless of the span to be bridged. The carrier elements are characterized by grid lines (lattice-like structures) of diagonal planes.

In this paper, the grid point means that in the equilateral diagonal plane of 2 meters, there can only be 1 grid point, so for example, the span of 27.7 meters is impossible without modifying the diagonal plane. Or can't be implemented.

Under the use of the central element of the present invention in a frame structure, the span width can only be adapted by shortening or lengthening the diagonal plane. In the example given above, this means that the span is increased or reduced by one full meter each time.

Modifying the diagonal plane or the length of the base - this will be inevitable to achieve the required span - is not possible with any type of prefabrication, and therefore is not possible with any standardized size.

This is the relevant to the present invention. In order to match the main tie length to the span width of the ceiling structure, in the present invention, the length of the center portion can be modified without a grid point. Such unadjusted or variable adjustments can be achieved as needed by selecting the number and spacing of vertical columns during the manufacturing process.

However, such a singularity, and thus the adjustment of the required length of the central component, can only be achieved by the frame structure.

As in the case of a lattice-like structure, since it is not necessary to change the basic structure for different span widths, it is only necessary to adjust the length of the center element for each condition, and for such a type of support system, it is advantageous. It is a standard calculation that only needs to be done once.

The hollow steel system for the flange portion and the diagonal struts of the standard module for making the support system can be made of both hot rolled seamless tubes or welded cold rolled or hot rolled tubes. The cross-section of these tubes may be circular or rectangular or elliptical depending on the load.

It can be advantageous to have the standard modules in each case have the same outer dimensions so that they can be joined together without difficulty. Ideally, especially the longitudinal beams of the secondary assembly should also have the same outer cross-sectional dimensions.

The elasticity of the support system of the present invention is achieved by standardizing the load bearing elements in a statically determinate design without Node Deformation. The flange portion and the web have a fixed size regardless of the span width. Its main function is to reduce the shear flow within the structure. The oversizing of the large span width can still be kept quite low.

This central component, which is used to make the span of the span without a grid point, is multiple static, with the result that the small amount of shear flow is reduced by the intersection deformation. Although the outer dimensions are maintained the same, the increased compression and tensile stress in the flange portion can be compensated for by thicker walls or higher strength materials.

In the area of the ridge, pivotal intersections can be used to achieve different ceiling slopes that can be varied by modifying the intersection of the bottom flanges. In systems with sensitive load-bearing supports, the end points of the load-bearing elements facing the central portion are pulled together. Such a ceiling can have any desired angle.

Advantageously, the support system made of standard modules requires only one standard calculation and can significantly reduce design and manufacturing costs.

Furthermore, by using prefabricated modular structures that can be made with the same components for different span widths, the manufacturing time - and the time it takes to ship to the customer - can be advantageously reduced, and for the customer Changes that require notifications in a very short period of time can be strained with great flexibility.

Based on the results of the deformation of the intersection point at the center as described above, this structure can also be better utilized from the viewpoint of statics, since the cross section of the structure and/or hollow section steel is small in size, and is known. This provides additional material savings compared to the support system.

In a structure in which a surface coating must be added due to factors of appearance or corrosion protection, since the structure is small in size, the area to be coated is also small, which is advantageous in overall coating cost. The utility.

The invention will be explained in more detail below in conjunction with the two figures. In these figures, the same reference numbers are used to represent the same parts having the same outer dimensions.

Figure 1 shows a support system made of standard modules in accordance with the present invention in a horizontal form.

The standardized modular structure of this support system consists of three standard modules joined together. The two types of these standard modules are the carrier element (1), which is made of a flange portion (5) composed of a fixed length hollow steel and a diagonal frame (6) made of a lattice (Latticework) structure. . Another type of standard module is the central part (2), which comprises a base module made of a bracket structure, and has a flange portion 3 and a column 4 made of hollow steel.

By varying the number and spacing of the vertical gaps between the columns, the modular center element 2 is made to have the desired length, which can easily achieve different span widths, and is the same in all applications. The components are made to have different span widths.

All of the standardized modules have the same outer dimensions, and the flange portion 3 of the center member 2 and the flange portion 5 of the carrier member 1 also have the same outer dimensions, which is quite advantageous, and these standard modules will They can be easily joined together to form a support system.

To withstand different loads, the wall thickness of the flange portion 5 of the carrier element 1 has a smaller dimension than the thickness of the flange portion 3 of the central portion element 2. The diagonal strut 6 of the load bearing member 1 and the uprights 4 of the central portion member 2 also have different and identical dimensions depending on the load in cross section and wall thickness.

Alternatively, a suitable type of steel with appropriate mechanical parameters can be used to achieve modified variations for different loads.

Figures 2a and 2b show different embodiments of the support system of the present invention for different ceiling slopes. The same reference numbers represent the same components with the same external dimensions. Since the concept is the same as the support system of the present invention, it will not be described in detail to avoid redundancy.

Unlike the support system of Fig. 1, the central portion 2' of Fig. 2a is not a straight structure, but the central portion is curved so that the ceiling in this case has a slope of 2%.

In the support system of Figure 2b, the slope of the ceiling is 25%. In this case, the end regions of the carrier element 1 are pulled together by the tension strips 7.

1. . . Carrier element

2. . . Center component

2'. . . Center component

2"...center component

3. . . Flange portion of the center member

3’. . . Flange portion of the center member

3"... the flange of the central component

4. . . Column of the center component

5. . . Flange portion of load bearing member

6. . . Diagonal pillar of load bearing element

7. . . Pull force

Figure 1 shows a flat support system made of standard modules in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2a is like Figure 1, but with a 2% ceiling slope.

Figure 2b is like Figure 1, but with a 25% ceiling slope.

1. . . Carrier element

2. . . Center component

3. . . Flange portion of the center member

4. . . Column of the center component

5. . . Flange portion of load bearing member

6. . . Diagonal branch of the load bearing element

Claims (15)

A steel support system having a ceiling structure preferably having a span width of more than 20 meters, comprising a plurality of prefabricated standard modules, combined in a modular and standardized manner with different load capacities, and joined together, The type of the two standard modules is a load-bearing component (1), which is a lattice-shaped structure made of a flange portion (5) made of a hollow steel of a fixed length and a diagonal pillar (6), and a standard mold. The type of the group is a central part (2, 2', 2"), and includes a base module that is adjustable without a grid, the length of which is variable, and has a flange portion made of hollow steel ( 3, 3', 3") and the frame structure of the column, the same components can be used for different span widths to provide the required length of the central component (2, 2', 2"). The support system according to claim 1, wherein the flange portions (3, 3', 3"), the pillars (4) and the diagonal pillars (6) are made of hot rolled seamless tubes. . The support system of claim 1, wherein the flange portions (3, 3', 3"), the pillars (4) and the diagonal pillars (6) are welded by cold-rolled or hot-rolled tubes. Made of. The support system according to claim 1, wherein the flange portion (5), the column (4) and the diagonal pillar (6) of the carrier member (1) having a grid-like structure have different Section size. The support system of claim 4, wherein the flange portion (5), the pillar (4) and the diagonal pillar (6) have different wall thicknesses. The support system according to claim 1, wherein the flange portions (3, 3', 3") of the central portion (2, 2', 2") of the frame structure have different cross sections. size. The support system of claim 6, wherein the flange portions (3, 3', 3"), the pillars (4) and the diagonal pillars (6) have different wall thicknesses. The support system according to claim 1, wherein the flange portion (5) of the load bearing member (1) and the flange portion (3, 3' of the central portion member (2, 2', 2") , 3") have the same cross-sectional dimensions. The support system of claim 1, wherein the carrier member (1) and the central member (2, 2', 2") have the same outer dimensions. The support system of claim 1, wherein the flange portions (3, 3', 3"), the pillars (4), and the diagonal pillars (6) are circular in cross section. The support system of claim 1, wherein the flange portions (3, 3', 3"), the pillars (4), and the diagonal pillars (6) have a rectangular cross section. The support system of claim 1, wherein the flange portions (3, 3', 3"), the pillars (4), and the diagonal pillars (6) have an elliptical cross section. A support system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the central element (2) is straight. A support system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the central portion element (2', 2") has a curved portion that constitutes a slope of the ceiling. The support system of claim 13, wherein the value of the ceiling slope is between, for example, 0 and 35%.