TWI410377B - Concentration difference driven sea water desalination apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A concentration difference driven sea water desalination apparatus comprises a low pressure evaporating chamber, a pump, a pressure permeating tank and a plurality of tubes. The low pressure evaporating chamber may be arranged on the ground. The pump and the pressure permeating tank are disposed in a compartment under the low pressure evaporating chamber and connects to the tubes in series or communicates with the tubes. The apparatus may convert potential energy into kinetic energy to drive the pump to pump sea water for desalination purpose based on the salt concentration difference among various layers of sea regions, providing the advantage of energy saving.

Description

Concentrated driven seawater desalination device

The invention relates to a seawater desalination device, in particular to a concentration-driven seawater desalination device which utilizes the concentration difference of the seawater itself in each layer of sea water to extract seawater for seawater desalination.

The current desalination plant extracts seawater from the sea for desalination, and after the preparation of pure water, the remaining seawater of high salt concentration (which may have been brine with a salt content greater than 3.5%) is discharged back into the sea.

However, in the above-mentioned conventional desalination device, in the process of desalination of the seawater, it is necessary to continuously consume energy to drive a pump to extract seawater, which causes another cost burden in the seawater desalination process. In addition, the brine directly discharged from the sea level, also because of the high salt concentration, causes changes in the concentration of seawater in shallow seas, resulting in many ecological problems such as the death of marine life.

The object of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a concentration-driven seawater desalination device, which can utilize the difference in concentration of salt in the seawater of each layer to drive the pump to extract seawater for desalination, thereby saving energy costs.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a concentration-driven seawater desalination device which can discharge residual seawater having a high salt concentration after desalination to a sea area having a similar salt concentration to avoid problems causing marine ecology.

In order to achieve the foregoing object, the concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention comprises: a low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber, and a water guiding plate is disposed therein, and the water guiding plate forms a condensation zone at the top of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber; The utility model has a water nozzle, a water outlet, a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades arranged around the circumference of the rotating shaft, wherein the pumping water nozzle is connected with a first pipe body extending to the deep sea area, and the pumping water outlet is connected with one a second pipe body penetrating the condensation zone of the low pressure seawater evaporation chamber and communicating to the inside of the low pressure seawater evaporation chamber; and a osmotic pressure tank provided with a semi-permeable membrane to internalize the pressure osmosis tank Separating into a low concentration zone and a high concentration zone, the low concentration zone is connected to a third pipe body extending in a shallow sea area, and the high concentration zone is connected to the low pressure seawater evaporation chamber by a fourth pipe body, the high concentration zone is further A fifth tubular body is connected, the fifth tubular body has a predetermined height and communicates with the blade corresponding to the pump, and a sixth tubular body extends to the pump and extends toward the middle sea area.

In the concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention, the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber is disposed on a ground above the sea level, and the pump and the osmosis tank are disposed in one of the installation spaces below the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber.

The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention, wherein the pump can be disposed at a position corresponding to a middle sea area, the osmosis tank being adjacent to the pump.

In the concentrated drive type seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention, a part of the third tube body may be disposed adjacent to a portion of the second tube body.

In the concentrated drive type seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention, the fifth tube body may have an inverted U shape.

In the concentrated drive type seawater desalination device of the present invention, a generator may be further provided, the generator being coaxial with the pump.

The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention, wherein the water deflector may have a slope to guide water condensed in the condensation zone.

The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus of the present invention, wherein the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber is provided with a water outlet corresponding to the water deflector.

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more <RTIgt; , means "salt concentration in water".

Referring to FIG. 1 , which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus generally includes a low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1, a pump 2, a osmosis tank 3, and a plurality of tubes 4. The low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 can be disposed on the ground above the sea level, and the pump 2 and the osmosis tank 3 are disposed in one of the installation spaces S under the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1, and the plurality of tubes 4 are mutually Connected or connected.

The inside of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 may be a closed space and is maintained at a low pressure of approximately 0.01 to 0.99 atm. In addition, a water guiding plate 11 is further disposed in the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1, and the water guiding plate 11 forms a condensation zone 12 at the top of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1, so that the water guiding plate 11 can be condensed in the condensation zone 12 to be condensed. Pure water, and the water deflector 11 preferably has a predetermined slope to guide the pure water. Further, the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 is further provided with a water outlet 13 corresponding to the water guiding plate 11.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , the pump 2 can be disposed in the installation space S, and preferably can be disposed at a position corresponding to the middle sea area Z2, the pump 2 has a water outlet 21, a drain port 22, and a a rotating shaft 23 and a plurality of blades (not shown) disposed around the periphery of the rotating shaft 23; in addition, the concentrated driving type seawater desalination device may further be provided with a generator 5, and the generator 5 may be shared with the pump 2 The shaft drives the generator 5 to generate electricity by rotating the shaft 23 of the pump 2. The details of the details of the pump 2 and the generator 5 are understood by those skilled in the art and are not the main technical features of the present invention, and are not described herein.

In this embodiment, the water nozzle 21 of the pump 2 is connected to a first pipe body 4a, and the first pipe body 4a extends to the deep sea area Z1, so that the pump 2 can penetrate the first pipe body 4a from the deep layer. Seawater Z1 is extracted from seawater at a relatively low temperature (about 5 ° C) and at a higher concentration. In addition, the drain port 22 of the pump 2 is connected to a second pipe body 4b. The second pipe body 4b can extend upward from the drain port 22 of the pump 2 and penetrate the condensing zone 12 of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1, and Connected to the inside of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1, so that the seawater having a higher concentration can be stored in the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 and naturally evaporated; wherein the second pipe body 4b passes through the condensation zone of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 After 12, it is preferably extended into the installation space S and connected to the inside of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1.

The osmotic pressure tank 3 can be disposed in the installation space S and adjacent to the pump 2, and the osmosis tank 3 is provided with a semi-permeable membrane 31 to divide the interior of the osmosis tank 3 into a low concentration zone 32 and a High concentration zone 33. In this embodiment, the low concentration zone 32 of the osmosis tank 3 can be connected to a third pipe body 4c, and the third pipe body 4c extends to the shallow sea area Z3 to relatively high temperature in the shallow sea area Z3 (about 15 And the lower concentration of the seawater is introduced into the low concentration zone 32 of the osmosis tank 3; wherein the third pipe body 4c is preferably extendable in the installation space S to be adjacent to the second pipe body. At 4b, a portion of the third tubular body 4c is disposed adjacent to a portion of the second tubular body 4b, such that the second tubular body 4b and the third tubular body 4c are heat exchanged to "preheat" the second Low temperature seawater in the tube 4b.

The high concentration zone 33 of the osmosis tank 3 can be connected to the low pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 by a fourth pipe body 4d, so that the high concentration seawater in the low pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 can flow into the high concentration zone 33 of the osmosis tank 3. Further, the high concentration zone 33 of the osmosis tank 3 is further connected to a fifth pipe body 4e, and the fifth pipe body 4e can be extended upward by a predetermined height (preferably, the vertical height is more than 200 meters). Extending downwardly to the blade connecting the pump 2 and corresponding to the pump 2, the fifth pipe body 4e can be substantially inverted U-shaped, and finally the sixth pipe body 4f is extended to the pump 2 and The middle sea area Z2 extends.

Referring to Fig. 1, in the implementation of the present invention, at the beginning of the operation, additional power is required to operate the pump 2 to extract relatively low temperature and high concentration seawater from the deep sea area Z1 through the first pipe body 4a. And being transported to the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 through the second pipe body 4b; wherein the second pipe body 4b is in a low temperature state due to the flow of low-temperature seawater. In addition, since the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 is maintained at a low pressure state, the seawater in the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 can be boiled and evaporated when the temperature is raised to about 20 ° C. When water vapor flows into the condensation zone 12, When the wall of the second pipe body 4b having a low temperature is hit, it is condensed into liquid water, and is guided and collected by the water guiding plate 11 to obtain pure water from the water outlet 13.

On the other hand, in the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1, seawater having a higher concentration due to evaporation of part of the water vapor can flow into the osmosis tank 3 via the fourth pipe body 4d, and is stored in the osmosis tank 3 In the high concentration zone 33, the low concentration zone 32 of the osmotic pressure tank 3 passes through the third pipe body 4c to introduce the lower concentration seawater into the shallow sea area Z3, so that the low concentration zone 32 and the high concentration zone exist respectively. The seawater in 33 can generate an osmotic pressure by the semi-permeable membrane 31, forcing the low-concentration seawater to continuously permeate into the high-concentration seawater to dilute the seawater concentration in the high-concentration zone 33, and to make the concentration in the high-concentration zone 33 The seawater can gradually rise in the water level in the fifth pipe body 4e (about 200 meters in height).

When the water level rises to the top of the fifth pipe body 4e, the seawater in the fifth pipe body 4e can be dropped by gravity, and the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, and guided along the fifth pipe body 4e. A strong water column impacts the blade of the pump 2 to drive the rotating shaft 23 of the pump 2 to rotate rapidly, so that the pump 2 can generate suction and drip through the first pipe body 4a to the deep sea area Z1, so even if not The pump 2 is then additionally powered and the process of desalination is continued.

In addition, the pump 2 rapidly rotating the shaft 23 can also drive the generator 5 to generate electricity to fully utilize the potential energy generated by the seawater concentration, and the electric energy produced by the generator 5 can be collected and stored for other purposes. The equipment is used; and the seawater that has impinged on the blades of the pump 2 can continue to be discharged along the sixth pipe body 4f to the middle sea area Z2. Wherein, since the seawater in the fifth pipe body 4e and the sixth pipe body 4f has been diluted by the low-concentration seawater, the concentration thereof is reduced to be close to the seawater concentration in the middle sea zone Z2, so the fifth pipe body 4e is The seawater in the sixth pipe body 4f is discharged into the middle sea area Z2, and the original seawater concentration in each sea area is hardly changed, so that the problem of ecological damage is not caused.

Furthermore, the seawater of the shallow sea area Z3 led by the third pipe body 4c is relatively higher than the seawater of the deep sea area Z1, so that the second pipe body 4b can be preheated through the heat exchange in the installation space S. The low-temperature seawater in which the seawater injected into the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 by the second pipe body 4b is raised in temperature, so that the boiling point of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber 1 can be reached more quickly and boiled and evaporated, thereby further Improve the efficiency of obtaining pure water.

In summary, the concentration-driven seawater desalination device of the present invention can utilize the concentration difference of the salt of the seawater in each layer of the sea to convert the potential energy into kinetic energy to drive the pump to extract seawater, so that it is almost unnecessary to provide additional energy. The concentration-driven desalination plant is a sustainable seawater desalination process that saves energy costs.

The concentration-driven seawater desalination device of the invention can discharge the remaining seawater with high salt concentration content after desalination into the sea area with similar salt concentration, so as to avoid the problem of marine ecology.

While the invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments described above, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the invention is protected, and therefore the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

1. . . Low pressure seawater evaporation chamber

11. . . Water deflector

12. . . Condensation zone

13. . . Outlet

2. . . Pump

twenty one. . . Shuikou

twenty two. . . Drainage port

twenty three. . . Rotating shaft

3. . . Seepage tank

31. . . Semi-permeable membrane

32. . . Low concentration zone

33. . . High concentration zone

4. . . Tube body

4a. . . First tube

4b. . . Second tube

4c. . . Third tube

4d. . . Fourth tube

4e. . . Fifth tube

4f. . . Sixth pipe

5. . . generator

S. . . Setting space

Z1. . . Deep sea

Z2. . . Middle sea

Z3. . . Shallow sea

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of a device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Fig. 1.

1. . . Low pressure seawater evaporation chamber

11. . . Water deflector

12. . . Condensation zone

13. . . Outlet

2. . . Pump

twenty one. . . Shuikou

twenty two. . . Drainage port

3. . . Seepage tank

31. . . Semi-permeable membrane

32. . . Low concentration zone

33. . . High concentration zone

4. . . Tube body

4a. . . First tube

4b. . . Second tube

4c. . . Third tube

4d. . . Fourth tube

4e. . . Fifth tube

4f. . . Sixth pipe

S. . . Setting space

Z1. . . Deep sea

Z2. . . Middle sea

Z3. . . Shallow sea

Claims (8)

A concentration-driven seawater desalination device comprises: a low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber, and a water guiding plate is arranged inside, the water guiding plate forms a condensation zone at the top of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber; and a pump has a water outlet and a drainage a port, a rotating shaft and a plurality of blades disposed around the periphery of the rotating shaft, the pumping water tap is connected to a first pipe body extending to the deep sea area, and the pump drain port is connected to a second pipe body, the second a pipe body penetrates the condensation zone of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber and communicates with the interior of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber; and a osmotic pressure tank is provided with a semi-permeable membrane to divide the interior of the pressure-infiltration tank into a low concentration zone and a high a concentration zone, the low concentration zone is connected to a third pipe body extending in a shallow sea area, and the high concentration zone is connected to the low pressure seawater evaporation chamber by a fourth pipe body, and the high concentration zone is further connected to a fifth pipe body, The fifth tubular body has a predetermined height and communicates with the blade corresponding to the pump, and a sixth tubular body extends to the pump and extends toward the middle sea area. The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber is disposed on a ground above sea level, and the pump and the osmotic pressure tank are disposed under one of the low-pressure seawater evaporation chambers. Set the space. The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pump is disposed at a position corresponding to the middle sea area, the osmosis tank being adjacent to the pump. The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the third pipe body is disposed adjacent to a portion of the second pipe body. The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fifth tubular body has an inverted U shape. The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a generator coaxial with the pump. The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water deflector has a slope to guide water condensed in the condensation zone. The concentration-driven seawater desalination apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the low-pressure seawater evaporation chamber is provided with a water outlet corresponding to the water deflector.