TWI403350B - Filter material and method for fabricating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A filter material and a method for fabricating the same are provided. The filter material includes a supporting layer, at least one ion-exchange layer and at least one microfiltration layer. The supporting layer has a first surface and a second surface, wherein the supporting layer is composed of supporting micro- or nano-fibers. The ion-exchange layer including charged nano-fibers is disposed on at least one of the first and the second surfaces of the supporting layer. The microfiltration layer is disposed on at least one of the ion-exchange layer. The microfiltration layer includes microfiltration nano-fibers and fillers that fill pores between the microfiltration nano-fibers.

Description

Filter material and method of manufacturing same

The present invention relates to a filter material and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a filter material having both microfiltration and ion adsorption and a method of manufacturing the same.

In recent years, filtration operations have been widely used in various fields, especially for separating solid particles in liquids or for separating dust in gases. Generally, filtration refers to the separation of substances suspended in a fluid, such as abrasive particles, metal ions, organic compounds, proteins, bacteria, and the like. Conventional filtration methods include ion exchange methods, microfiltration, and the like, which are effects of separating the charge and size of the substance to be separated, respectively.

The ion exchange method can be mainly classified into packed bed chromatography, thin film separation chromatography, ion exchange fiber nonwoven, and the like according to the kind of the carrier to be used. Packed bed chromatography usually uses granular resin, but the resin requires uniform size, firm material, high pressure resistance, etc., and most of the adsorption capacity is concentrated inside the resin, so that the molecular diffusion distance is far from causing poor filtration effect. Thin film separation chromatography and ion exchange fiber non-woven fabrics suffer from low adsorption, heavy weight, and slow adsorption rate, and the conventional microfiltration method also faces problems such as low flow rate and high pressure loss. Therefore, how to improve the adsorption capacity and adsorption rate of the filter material and improve the heat resistance thereof to effectively improve the separation and filtration efficiency is one of the problems that the industry is eager to solve.

In view of this, the present invention provides a filter material which can simultaneously have the functions of microfiltration and inner layer ion adsorption, and is widely applied to various fields.

The invention further provides a method for preparing a filter material, which comprises the above-mentioned filter material by electrospinning technology, electrospraying technology and fiber surface treatment technology.

The present invention provides a filter material comprising a support layer, at least one ion exchange layer, and at least one microfiltration layer. The support layer has a first surface and a second surface, wherein the support layer is comprised of micro or nano support fibers. The ion exchange layer is located on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the support layer, wherein the ion exchange layer comprises charged nanofibers. The microfiltration layer is located on at least one ion exchange layer, wherein the microfiltration layer comprises nano microfiltration fibers and a filler material that fills the pores between the nanofiltration fibers.

In one embodiment of the invention, the surface of the charged nanofiber of the ion exchange layer described above has a positive charge.

In one embodiment of the invention, the surface of the charged nanofiber of the ion exchange layer described above is negatively charged.

In an embodiment of the invention, the nano support fiber, the charged nanofiber, and the nano micro filter fiber comprise a high molecular polymer or a cellulose.

In an embodiment of the invention, the high molecular polymer comprises polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PS), polyethersulfone (PES), (polyethylene terephthalate, PET), poly Propylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), several Chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), UV resin or a combination thereof.

The present invention further provides a method of manufacturing a filter material comprising the following steps. A support layer having a first surface and a second surface is provided, wherein the support layer is comprised of micron or nano support fibers. An electrospinning process is performed to form a layer of nanofibers on at least one of the first surface and the second surface of the support layer. An electrospinning and electrospraying procedure is performed to form at least one microfiltration layer on the nanofiber layer, wherein the microfiltration layer comprises nano microfiltration fibers and a filler material filled in pores between the nanofiltration fibers. A fiber surface treatment procedure is performed to charge the surface of the fibers of the nanofiber layer to form at least one ion exchange layer.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fiber surface treatment procedure described above comprises performing a carboxylation or alkaline hydrolysis modification procedure to provide a -COO ^- functional group on the surface of the fiber.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the processing program includes the fiber surface modified by amination procedures, to the surface of the fibers having a functional group -NH ₃ ^+.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the fiber processing program or crosslinking agents include sulphonated impregnation procedure, so that the surface of the fiber having a -SO ₃ ^- functional group.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fiber surface treatment procedure described above includes performing a metal chelation modification procedure to adsorb a metal chelate compound having a -NH ₃ ⁺ functional group or a -COO ^- functional group on the surface of the fiber.

In an embodiment of the invention, the electrospinning and electrospraying process comprises performing an electrospinning process to form nano-microfiltration fibers; and performing an electro-spraying procedure to spray the filler material on the nano-microfiltration fibers; And a hot pressing process is performed to fill the pores between the nanofiltration fibers.

In an embodiment of the invention, the electrospinning and electrospraying process comprises performing an electrospinning process to form nano-microfiltration fibers; performing a hot pressing procedure; and performing an electro-spraying procedure to microfiltration in the nanometer The filler material is sprayed onto the fibers.

In one embodiment of the invention, the above method of forming a support layer includes performing an electrospinning process.

In an embodiment of the invention, the nano support fiber, the charged nanofiber, and the nano micro filter fiber comprise a high molecular polymer and a cellulose.

In an embodiment of the invention, the high molecular polymer comprises polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PS), polyethersulfone (PES), (polyethylene terephthalate, PET), poly Propylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), several Chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), UV resin or a combination thereof.

Based on the above, the filter material of the present invention comprises an ion exchange layer and a microfiltration layer, on the one hand, microfiltration on the surface layer, and ion adsorption on the inner layer. Further, the filter material of the present invention has a dense pore and a high porosity, and has a high flow rate, a low pressure loss, a high adsorption amount, a light weight, and a high adsorption rate. Furthermore, the above-mentioned filter material is produced by electrospinning technology, electro-spraying technology and fiber surface treatment technology, and the process is simple and the pore size can be easily controlled, which is highly competitive.

The above described features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description.

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter material according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to FIG. 1 , the filter material 100 includes a support layer 110 , an ion exchange layer 120 , and a micro filter layer 130 . The filter material 100 has, for example, an integrally formed structure, so that the film layers are less likely to separate and fall off between the film layers.

The support layer 110 has a first surface 110a and a second surface 110b. The support layer 110 is comprised of micron or nano support fibers 112, wherein the micro or nano support fibers 112 comprise a high molecular polymer or cellulose. The above polymer is, for example, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PS), polyethersulfone (PES), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), poly Polyethylene (PE), polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), chitosan (chitosan), poly Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), UV resin or a combination thereof. In an embodiment, the material of the support layer 110 may be PET as a structural support material, and the thickness thereof is, for example, about 1 μm to 500 μm, and the pore size thereof is, for example, about 0.1 μm to 30 μm, and the micron or the nanometer. The diameter of the rice support fiber 112 is, for example, between 0.5 μm and 50 μm, so that high structural strength and fast diffusion characteristics can be obtained.

The ion exchange layer 120 is located on the first surface 110a of the support layer 110. The ion exchange layer 120 includes charged nanofibers 122. The charged nanofiber 122 includes a high molecular polymer or cellulose. The above polymer is, for example, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyfluorene (PS), polyether oxime (PES), (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate. Diester (PE-g-MA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), UV resin or a combination thereof. In one embodiment, the material of the ion exchange layer 120 may be PAN having a thickness of, for example, about 1 μm to 200 μm, a pore size of, for example, about 0.01 μm to 10 μm, and a porosity of, for example, about 10%. Up to 99%, and its specific surface area is, for example, about 0.1 m ² /g to 1000 m ² /g, and the diameter of the charged nanofiber 122 is, for example, between 50 nm and 300 nm, thereby enabling ion exchange Layer 120 has high porosity and a high specific surface area.

In addition, the surface of the charged nanofiber 122 of the ion exchange layer 120 may be positively charged or negatively charged (not shown). In one embodiment, the charged surface Henai Mi fiber 122 having -COO ^- functional groups, -NH ₃ ⁺ or a functional group -SO ₃ ^- functional groups to acid-base exchange fiber as different types of ions. In another embodiment, the surface of the charged nanofiber 122 adsorbs a metal chelate compound having a -NH ₃ ⁺ functional group or a -COO ^- functional group as a metal chelate-type adsorption fiber. The functional group or the adsorbed metal chelate compound on the surface of the charged nanofiber 122 can be adjusted in kind and density depending on the target and the desired separation. It is explained herein that since the ion exchange layer 120 has a high specific surface area, the charged nanofibers 122 can carry a high density functional group to adsorb the target substance more efficiently.

The microfiltration layer 130 is located on the ion exchange layer 120. The microfiltration layer 130 includes nanofiltration fibers 132 and a filler material 134, wherein the filler material 134 fills the pores 136 between the nanofiltration fibers 132. The nanofiber filter fiber 132 comprises a high molecular polymer or cellulose. The above polymer is, for example, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyfluorene (PS), polyether oxime (PES), (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate. Diester (PE-g-MA), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), UV resin or a combination thereof. In particular, the material of the nanofiltration fiber 132 of the microfiltration layer 130 and the material of the nanofiber support fiber 112 of the support layer 110 and the charged nanofiber 122 of the ion exchange layer 120 may be the same or different. In one embodiment, the material of the nanofiltration fiber 132 of the microfiltration layer 130 is the same as the material of the charged nanofiber 122 of the ion exchange layer 120, for example, both are PAN. In one embodiment, the diameter of the nano-microfiltration fibers 132 is, for example, between 0.01 μm and 1 μm.

The filling material 134 is uniformly filled in the pores 136 between the nano microfiltration fibers 132, for example, by spraying, so that the microfiltration layer 130 can obtain characteristics such as high density. The filler material 134 may be a hydrophilic material or a hydrophobic material, and may be selected as needed. In an embodiment, the fill material 134 may be PVDF and has a concentration of, for example, about 0.01% to 8%. As such, the microfiltration layer 130 including the nano-microfiltration fibers 132 and the filler material 134 has a thickness of, for example, about 0.1 μm to 50 μm and a pore size of, for example, about 0.01 μm to 5 μm.

It is to be noted that in the above embodiment, an example is described in which an ion exchange layer and a microfiltration layer are formed on the first surface of the support layer, but the present invention is not limited thereto. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a filter material according to another embodiment of the present invention. It is to be noted that in FIG. 2, the same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In another embodiment, the main components constituting the filter material 200 shown in FIG. 2 are substantially the same as the main components constituting the filter material 100 shown in FIG. 1, but the difference between the two is mainly in the ion exchange layer and the microfiltration. The number of layers. Referring to FIG. 2, in addition to the ion exchange layer 120 on the first surface 110a of the support layer 110, the filter material 200 further includes another ion exchange layer 220 on the second surface 110b of the support layer 110. That is, the filter material 200 includes two layers of ion exchange layers 120, 220 on the first surface 110a and the second surface 110b of the support layer 110, respectively. The microfiltration layers 130, 230 are, for example, located on the ion exchange layers 120, 220, respectively. Moreover, the composition of the ion exchange layer 220 is, for example, the same or different from the composition of the ion exchange layer 120, and the composition of the microfiltration layer 230 is, for example, the same or different from the composition of the microfiltration layer 130.

In still another embodiment, the filter material may not include the microfiltration layer 230 shown in FIG. 2, that is, only the ion exchange layer 120 is covered with the microfiltration layer 130, and the other ion exchange layer 220 has no coverage. Filter layer. In addition, as for the number of the ion exchange layer and the micro-filter layer respectively disposed on the first surface and the second surface of the support layer, the number of the ion exchange layer and the micro-filter layer can be adjusted according to a technique known to those skilled in the art, and is not limited to the above embodiment. Said.

In the filter material 100, 200 of the present invention, the ion exchange layers 120, 220 located in the inner layer have an ion exchange function, and can adsorb charged substances such as proteins, metal ions, etc.; the microfiltration layers 130, 230 located on the outer layer include uniform filling The filling material 134 of the pores 136 between the nanofiber filter fibers 132, and thus the pore-densified microfiltration layers 130, 230 can achieve the function of microfiltration or sterilization. As such, the filter media 100, 200 of the present invention can help to increase the efficiency of the separation filtration.

Hereinafter, a method of producing a filter material according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail by taking the filter material of Fig. 1 as an example. FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the manufacture of a filter material according to an embodiment of the invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 simultaneously, step S300 is performed to provide a support layer 110 having a first surface 110a and a second surface 110b, wherein the support layer 110 is composed of micro or nano support fibers 112. In one embodiment, the material forming the support layer 110 is a PET non-woven fabric.

Next, in step S302, an electrospinning process is performed to form a nanofiber layer on at least one of the first surface 110a and the second surface 110b of the support layer 110. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the nanofiber layer is, for example, formed on the first surface 110a of the support layer 110 and serves as a substrate for the subsequently predetermined charged nanofibers 122. In one embodiment, an electrospinning procedure can be performed using a 15% PAN solution to form a layer of nanofibers.

After the electrospinning process is performed to form the nanofiber layer (step S302), a hot pressing process may be selectively performed to flatten the surface of the formed nanofiber layer, and the pores between the fibers may be controlled to be reduced. The pores are densified and evenly distributed.

Next, step S304 is performed to perform an electrospinning and electrospraying process to form a microfiltration layer 130 on the nanofiber layer, wherein the microfiltration layer 130 includes nano microfiltration fibers 132 and is filled with nano microfiltration fibers 132. A fill material 134 between the apertures 136. Specifically, step S304 further includes performing a hot pressing process to flatten the surface of the formed nano-microfiltration fibers 132 and to densify and evenly distribute the pores 136 between the fibers. In one embodiment, the electrospinning and electrospraying process may first perform an electrospinning process to form nano-microfiltration fibers 132 on the nanofiber layer; followed by an electrospray procedure to filter the fibers in the nano-microfiltration Filler material 134 is sprayed onto 132; a hot pressing procedure is then performed to fill filler material 134 in voids 136 between nanofiber filter fibers 132. In another embodiment, the electrospinning and electrospraying process may also be performed by an electrospinning process to form nano-microfiltration fibers 132; then, a hot pressing process is performed to shrink and densify the pores 136. Subsequent procedures are performed; thereafter, an electrospray procedure is performed to spray the fill material 134 onto the nanofiltration fibers 132 having densified pores 136. It is worth mentioning that, in addition to the above-described post-processing method for performing the electro-spraying process, the electro-spraying process may be simultaneously performed during the electrospinning process to form the nano-filter fiber 132 while the filling material 134 is formed. The pores 136 between the nanofiltration fibers 132 are filled.

In view of the above, the electrospinning process uses, for example, a 15% PAN solution to form the nano-microfiltration fibers 132. The electrospray procedure, for example, uses a 5% PVDF solution to spray the fill material 134. It is explained herein that as the time elapsed by the electrospraying process increases, the pores 136 of the formed microfiltration layer 130 become smaller. As such, the size of the apertures 136 in the microfiltration layer 130 can be adjusted to achieve the desired aperture by controlling the time during which the electrospray procedure is performed. The hot press program may be one or more times. By forming the microfiltration layer 130 by performing an electrospinning and electrospraying process, the filter material 100 can have an integrally formed structure, and the microfiltration layer 130 located on the surface layer can be easily separated from the main structure.

Thereafter, in step S306, a fiber surface treatment process is performed to charge the surface of the fiber of the nanofiber layer to form the ion exchange layer 120, and the production of the filter material 100 is completed. In detail, the charged nanofibers 122 shown in Fig. 1 can be formed after the nanofiber layer is subjected to a fiber surface treatment process and charged. In one embodiment, the fiber surface treatment procedure includes performing a carboxylation or alkaline hydrolysis modification procedure such that the fiber surface of the nanofiber layer has a -COO ^- functional group. In one embodiment, the processing program includes fiber surface modified by amination procedures, to the surface of the fibers of the nanofiber layer having a functional group -NH ₃ ^+. In one embodiment, the fiber comprises a surface treatment procedure for sulfonation or crosslinking impregnation procedure, so that the fiber surface of the nanofiber layer having a -SO ₃ ^- functional groups, wherein the crosslinking agent is impregnated using programs such as sulfonated butyl Diacid (SSA) or glutaraldehyde acts as a crosslinking agent and can further strengthen the membrane. In one embodiment, the fiber comprises a surface treatment procedure for the metal chelate modified program, so that the fiber surface adsorbed nanofiber layer having a functional group -NH ₃ ⁺ or -COO ^- group of functional metal chelate compounds. In step S306, the fiber surface treatment program is used to form the charged nanofibers 122, which can rapidly produce high-density functional groups on the surface of the nanofiber layer while still maintaining the structure of the nanofibers.

Specifically, in the flow shown in FIG. 3, after the microfiltration layer 130 is formed (step S304), the surface of the nanofiber layer is subjected to a fiber surface treatment process to form the ion exchange layer 120 (step S306). . However, in another embodiment, the ion exchange layer 120 may be formed in step S306 before the step S304 is performed to form the microfiltration layer 130 depending on whether the fiber surface treatment process causes damage to the material of the microfiltration layer 130. Specifically, when the material of the microfiltration layer 130 is not damaged by the fiber surface treatment process of step S306, step S306 may be performed first as shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the material of the micro-filter layer 130 is damaged by the fiber surface treatment process of step S306, the order of formation is changed, that is, step S306 is performed first to perform step S304 to form after the fiber surface treatment process. Microfiltration layer 130.

In order to confirm that the filter material of the present invention can indeed enhance the filtration separation effect, the following specific experimental examples are given to illustrate the efficacy of using the filter material of the present invention. Table 1 shows the analysis results of the filter materials of the experimental examples of the present invention and the commercially available filter materials, respectively.

Experimental example: the filter material of the present invention uses PET non-woven fabric as a support layer, and an ion exchange layer and a micro-filter layer with PAN as a substrate are disposed on one surface of the PET non-woven support layer, wherein the diameter of the PAN fiber is less than 300 nm. The fiber surface of the ion exchange layer has a -COOH ^- functional group, and the pores between the microfiltration layer fibers are filled with a filler material of PVDF.

Comparative Example 1: Sartorius ion exchange membrane.

Comparative Example 1: Sartorius microfiltration material.

Referring to Table 1, comparing the experimental examples and Comparative Example 1, it was observed that the filter material of the present invention has a large adsorption amount, a high adsorption rate, a high flow rate, and high heat resistance. Comparing the experimental examples and Comparative Example 2, it was observed that the filter material of the present invention has a dense pore and a high porosity. From the above, it can be seen that the filter material of the present invention can simultaneously have the functions of surface microfiltration and inner layer ion adsorption. In addition, since the filter material of the present invention has microfiltration or sterilization function, it can be widely used in the field of semiconductor packaging to adsorb metal ions in chemical mechanical polishing, in the field of dyeing and finishing to recover dyes, in the environmental field to adsorb waste organic substances, and biotechnology. The pharmaceutical field is highly competitive in the field of purifying protein and food to filter dairy products.

In summary, the filter material of the present invention and the method of manufacturing the same have at least the following advantages:

1. The filter material of the above embodiment is an integrally formed structure, which has the functions of surface microfiltration and inner layer ion adsorption, and is characterized by high flow rate, low pressure loss, high adsorption amount, light weight, and fast adsorption rate.

2. The filter material of the above embodiment has a uniform pore distribution and a concentrated pore size, and has characteristics such as high porosity and high specific surface area, and thus can have a high-density functional group to effectively increase the adsorption amount and shorten the adsorption time.

3. The filter material of the above embodiment has high thermal stability and thus has a function of adsorption and desorption under high temperature operation.

4. The method for manufacturing a filter material according to the above embodiment utilizes electrospinning technology, electrospraying technology, and fiber surface treatment technology to produce an integrally formed filter material, which has a simple process and can control the pore size, so that it can be improved by simple means. The efficiency of separation filtration is highly competitive.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims.

100, 200. . . Filter material

110. . . Support layer

110a. . . First surface

110b. . . Second surface

112. . . Micron or nano support fiber

120, 220. . . Ion exchange layer

122. . . Charged nanofiber

130, 230. . . Microfiltration layer

132. . . Nano micro filter fiber

134. . . Filler

136. . . Porosity

S300, S302, S304, S306. . . step

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a filter material according to an embodiment of the invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a filter material according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing the manufacture of a filter material according to an embodiment of the invention.

100. . . Filter material

110. . . Support layer

110a. . . First surface

110b. . . Second surface

112. . . Nano support fiber

120. . . Ion exchange layer

122. . . Charged nanofiber

130. . . Microfiltration layer

132. . . Nano micro filter fiber

134. . . Filler

136. . . Porosity

Claims (15)

A filter material comprising: a support layer having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the support layer is composed of micro or nano support fibers; at least one ion exchange layer on the first surface of the support layer And at least one of the second surface, wherein the ion exchange layer comprises charged nanofibers; and at least one microfiltration layer is disposed on the at least one ion exchange layer, wherein the microfiltration layer comprises nano microfiltration fibers and A filling material filled in the pores between the nano-microfiltration fibers. The filter material of claim 1, wherein the charged nanofiber surface of the ion exchange layer has a positive charge. The filter material according to claim 1, wherein the charged nanofiber surface of the ion exchange layer has a negative charge. The filter material according to claim 1, wherein the micro or nano support fibers, the charged nanofibers, and the nano microfiltration fibers comprise a high molecular polymer or cellulose. The filter material according to claim 4, wherein the high molecular polymer comprises polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PS), polyethersulfone (PES), (polyethylene terephthalate, PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), polyvinylidene fluoride (polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF), chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), UV resin or a combination thereof. A method of manufacturing a filter material, comprising: providing a support layer having a first surface and a second surface, wherein the support layer is composed of micron or nano support fibers; performing an electrospinning process to support the support Forming a nanofiber layer on at least one of the first surface and the second surface; performing an electrospinning and electrospraying process to form at least one microfiltration layer on the nanofiber layer, wherein The microfiltration layer comprises a nano microfiltration fiber and a filling material filled in the pores between the nano microfiltration fibers; and a fiber surface treatment procedure to charge the fiber surface of the nanofiber layer to At least one ion exchange layer is formed. The method of producing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the fiber surface treatment procedure comprises performing a carboxylation or alkali hydrolysis modification procedure to have a -COO ^- functional group on the surface of the fiber. The method of producing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the fiber surface treatment procedure comprises performing an amination modification procedure to have a -NH ₃ ⁺ functional group on the surface of the fiber. The application of the method of manufacturing a filter material patentable scope of item 6, wherein the fiber surface processing program includes a crosslinking agent or a sulfonating impregnation procedure, so that the surface of the fiber having a -SO ₃ ^- functional group. The method for producing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the fiber surface treatment procedure comprises performing a metal chelation modification procedure to adsorb a -NH ₃ ⁺ functional group or a -COO ^- functional group on the surface of the fiber. Metal chelate compound. The method for manufacturing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the electrospinning and electrospraying process comprises: performing an electrospinning process to form the nano microfiltration fibers; performing an electrospraying process, Spraying the filling material on the nano microfiltration fibers; and performing a hot pressing process to fill the pores between the nano microfiltration fibers. The method for manufacturing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the electrospinning and electrospraying process comprises: performing an electrospinning process to form the nano microfiltration fibers; performing a hot pressing process; And performing an electrospray process to spray the fill material on the nanofiber filter fibers. The method of producing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the method of forming the support layer comprises performing an electrospinning process. The method for producing a filter material according to claim 6, wherein the micro or nano support fibers, the charged nanofibers, and the nano microfiltration fibers comprise a high molecular polymer and cellulose. The method for producing a filter material according to claim 14, wherein the high molecular polymer comprises polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polysulfone (PS), polyethersulfone (PES), Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MA), polyvinylidene fluoride (polyvinylidene fluoride) Polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF), chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), UV resin or a combination thereof.