TWI400818B - 光源 - Google Patents
光源 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI400818B TWI400818B TW095129631A TW95129631A TWI400818B TW I400818 B TWI400818 B TW I400818B TW 095129631 A TW095129631 A TW 095129631A TW 95129631 A TW95129631 A TW 95129631A TW I400818 B TWI400818 B TW I400818B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- layer
- pulse
- radiation
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005132 Calcium sulfide based phosphorescent agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
- H01L33/501—Wavelength conversion elements characterised by the materials, e.g. binder
- H01L33/502—Wavelength conversion materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/0883—Arsenides; Nitrides; Phosphides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/58—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing copper, silver or gold
- C09K11/582—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/584—Chalcogenides with zinc or cadmium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/58—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing copper, silver or gold
- C09K11/582—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/586—Chalcogenides with alkaline earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/74—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing arsenic, antimony or bismuth
- C09K11/7464—Phosphates
- C09K11/7471—Phosphates with alkaline earth metals
- C09K11/7478—Phosphates with alkaline earth metals with halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7715—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing cerium
- C09K11/7716—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/7718—Chalcogenides with alkaline earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7728—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing europium
- C09K11/7729—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/7731—Chalcogenides with alkaline earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7728—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing europium
- C09K11/7737—Phosphates
- C09K11/7738—Phosphates with alkaline earth metals
- C09K11/7739—Phosphates with alkaline earth metals with halogens
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/7777—Phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7766—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals
- C09K11/778—Borates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7783—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals one of which being europium
- C09K11/7784—Chalcogenides
- C09K11/7787—Oxides
- C09K11/7789—Oxysulfides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/08—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials
- C09K11/77—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals
- C09K11/7783—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing inorganic luminescent materials containing rare earth metals containing two or more rare earth metals one of which being europium
- C09K11/7794—Vanadates; Chromates; Molybdates; Tungstates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種具有至少一發光二極體來發射主輻射的光源,其包括一與該二極體相連的層,其中該層包含至少一發光材料,用以將該主輻射轉換成一次輻射。
已知的係,磷光體轉換LED之類的發光二極體(LED)會產生具有高演色性指數的光。不過,於寬廣色溫範圍中,個別磷光體轉換LED的光的色溫均係固定的。重大的缺點係,提高該等磷光體的激發密度,該等磷光體便會因該發光的基態消耗(ground state depletion)或熱淬火(thermal quenching)效應而開始飽和。於該飽和過程期間,具有該發光材料的層會發射越來越多的主輻射。因此,離開該光源的光(其為主輻射與次輻射的混合)的顏色便會改變。該已知光源的其中一項缺點係當光的光度改變時,離開該光源的光的顏色便會改變。另一項問題係每一個二極體的溫度會隨著功率消耗增加而提高。
本發明的目的便係消弭上述的缺點。明確地說,本發明的目的係提供一種光源,其非常簡單且可輕易地調整以便產生光,如此便可輕易地改變光的顏色及/或光度,但實質上卻不會提高發光二極體的溫度。
利用本發明請求項1所教示的光源便可達成此目的。據此,本發明提供一種光源,其包括:一切換裝置,用於利用一脈衝形狀的電流來驅動該二極體,以便提供一含有主輻射及/或次輻射的光,其方式可獨立地改變該光的光度與顏色。其意謂著,不必改變光的顏色便可改變光的光度及/或不必改變光度便可改變光的顏色。
較佳的係,該脈衝形狀的電流會經過脈衝寬度調變,因此於一可能的具體實施例中,該主輻射可能係可見光或不可見光。根據本發明的一較佳具體實施例中,該主輻射係近紫外光(第一尖峰波長係位於250至380 nm範圍中)或藍光(第一尖峰波長係位於380至480 nm範圍中)。本發明的其中一項基本概念係利用一脈衝形狀的電流來驅動該等二極體,使得總光輸出可受控於脈衝的數量,而發光材料的飽和則可藉由每個脈衝的能量密度(單位為J/cm2
/s)來作調整。利用本發明的配置,該二極體會發射一輻射至該層的主輻射。其優點係,該發光材料包括會被來自該主輻射的光子激發的磷光體。視該脈衝形狀的電流(尤其是該主輻射)的激發密度而定,該發光材料會因基態消耗的關係而開始飽和。相較於未發生任何飽和的情形,於此飽和過程期間,該主輻射被該等磷光體轉換成次輻射的部份會降低。視該等磷光體而定,該次輻射可被轉換成不同的顏色。當然,本發明的驅動方式亦可伴隨著光度變化來改變顏色,反之亦可。
優點係,可利用脈衝寬度調變(PWM)以彼此獨立的方式來調整光的顏色與光度。飽和度係取決於該脈衝的能量密度,光度則係由脈衝頻率來調整。依此方式,便可達到可調整顏色與光度的目的,但卻不會讓該LED的功率消耗增加至無法接受的程度,其可能會導致該等磷光體的發光的熱淬火效應並且導致該LED的囊封遭到熱降解。最後,結合感測器來使用本發明,便可讓該LED光的色點長時間地維持不變。
較佳的係,該層係一陶瓷磷光體層。視飽和程度而定,該二極體所發射的主輻射或多或少會穿透該層。離開該光源的光包含主輻射及/或次輻射。因此,光的顏色係由主輻射的顏色及/或次輻射的顏色混合所產生者。於本發明的一較佳具體實施例中,主輻射係藍光。舉例來說,利用CaS:Eu作為該層中的磷光體元素,該等磷光體便會將該主輻射轉換成具有紅色的次輻射。視該等磷光體的飽和度而定,部份藍色輻射會穿透該層,因此該等磷光體會產生特定數額的紅色輻射。所以,外出光便係紅色輻射與藍色輻射的混合。於飽和的情況中,該層對藍光的透明度會提高。根據本發明,離開該光源的光可產生位於x、y色度圖中介於該LED所產生的主輻射(藍色)與CaS:Ce所產生的發射的紅色之間的直線上所有的顏色。其中一項主要優點係,利用具有單一二極體的一現有光源便能夠產生具有不同且可變化之顏色的外出光。
再者,較佳的係,該層包括下面磷光體中一或多者:(紅光)CaS:Eu、SrS:Eu、(Ca,Sr)S:Eu、(Y,Gd)2
O2
S:Eu、Y(VO4
):Eu、(Sr,Ba,Ca)2
Si5
N8
:Eu(綠/黃光)Y3
Al5
O1 2
:Ce、(Y,Gd)3
Al5
O1 2
:Ce、(Ba,Sr,Ca)2
SiO4
:Eu、CaS:Ce、ZnS:Cu、La(PO4
):(Ce,Tb)、(Ce,Tb)Al1 2
O1 9
、(Ce,Gd,Tb)MgB5
O1 0
、BaMgAl1 0
O1 7
:Eu,Mn、ZnS:Au(藍光)CaS:Cu、SrS:Ag、ZnS:Ag、BaMgAl1 0
O1 7
:Eu或(Ca,Sr,Ba)5
(PO4)3
Cl:Sb、(Ca,Sr,Ba)5
(PO4)3
Cl:Eu(白光)(Ca,Sr,Ba)5
(PO4
)3
(F,Cl):Sb,Mn、(Ca,Sr,Ba)5
(PO4
)3
(F,Cl):Eu,Mn
舉例來說,光的顏色還可藉由混合主輻射與次輻射來產生。白光可藉由混合藍色、黃色、與藍色來達成。另一種可能方式則係結合綠色與紅色。
利用白色發光磷光體,便可利用敏化離子與活化離子的飽和行為差異來調整顏色與光度。
較佳的係,於磷光體混合物中,上述的磷光體包括不同的飽和行為。其意謂著,藉由具有特定密度的脈衝形狀的電流來激發該層,該等磷光體中一部份便可能處於非飽和模式中,而其它的埋置磷光體則已經處於飽和模式中。因此,該光源可利用與其相連的切換裝置來產生特定脈衝形狀的電流以驅動該二極體,便可產生所有可能的顏色。
根據本發明的另一較佳具體實施例,該層的磷光材料密度d為1.5 g/cm3 d10 g/cm3
。
根據本發明,該光源可能包括一層,其厚度n為1 μmnl mm,因此該層可藉由形狀擬合及/或黏著接合及/或摩擦連接的方式被連接至該等二極體。於一更佳的具體實施例中,厚度n的範圍可能介於10 μmn500 μm之間。當然,於一替代具體實施例中,該層的厚度n可能大於1 mm,舉例來說,1 cm。於此情況中,該發光層可能包括一陶瓷層形狀。或者,該發光材料亦可埋置在玻璃中。
再者,較佳的係,該層包含複數個磷光晶粒,其中該層包括至少一晶粒層。較佳的係,該層包括x個晶粒層,其中1x10。於一更佳的具體實施例中,該層包括x個晶粒層,其中2x5。於利用脈衝形狀的電流來驅動該二極體期間,該等晶粒層會導致該主輻射及/或次輻射發生特定的散射,這對混合離開該光源的光相當重要。必須考量的係,強烈的光散射會降低甚至阻止LED抽運光穿透該磷光體層。據此,以厚度2至5個晶粒層的層為宜。
本發明較佳的係關於一種產生具有不同顏色的光,其包含:一具有至少一發光二極體來發射主輻射的光源,其包括一與該二極體相連的層,其中該層包含至少一發光材料,用以將該主輻射轉換成一次輻射,一切換裝置,用以利用一脈衝形狀的電流來驅動該二極體,其包括一脈衝寬度(脈衝週期)以及介於該等脈衝之間的距離(關閉週期),其中該包括一衰減時間的發光材料會被該主輻射激發,其激發方式可讓包含該主輻射及/或該次輻射的光的光度與顏色可彼此獨立地改變,俾使該脈衝寬度實質上等於該衰減時間。該脈衝寬度與該脈衝高度可用於調整該等發光材料中一或多者的飽和。較佳的係,該關閉週期大於該發光材料的衰減時間。於本發明的一較佳具體實施例中,該關閉週期至少為該衰減時間的兩倍;於一更佳具體實施例中,該關閉週期至少為該衰減時間的3至5倍。
本發明的其中一項優點係,藉由改變該等脈衝之間的距離便可改變離開該光源的光的光度,從而讓該光的顏色實質上不變。於該二極體的驅動期間,關閉週期可能會縮短,從而提高該外出光的光度,同時使其顏色實質上不會改變。優點係,利用一固定的脈衝寬度來激發該LED,藉此便可藉由改變該脈衝的能量來改變飽和的程度。藉由提高該脈衝的能量,便可達到該飽和行為。因此,光的顏色會漸漸改變。驅動一具有長關閉週期的LED的結果係該磷光體的每一個活化子均會在施加下一個脈衝之前便抵達基態。因此,進一步延長關閉週期將會降低光度,但並不會改變顏色。藉由適度地調整脈衝高度與PWM,便可達到改變顏色但卻不會改變光度的目的。此外,當該發光轉換層產生一種以上額外顏色時,本發明用於產生光的方法可降低因該LED發光中輕度波長變化所導致的效應。於此情況中,可能需要用到感測器。再者,本發明可修正因磷光體降解而導致的效應。
上述的光源以及方法可用在各種系統中,如汽車系統、家用照明系統、顯示器的背光系統、環境照明系統、相機的閃光燈(具可調整的顏色)、或是商店的照明系統。
前述的組件以及本文所主張的組件以及本文所述具體實施例中根據本發明來使用的組件的技術概念在大小、形狀、材料選擇方面並沒有任何特殊例外,相關領域中已知的選擇標準均可毫無限制地適用。
於附屬請求項以及個別圖式的下文說明中將會揭示本發明的其它細節、特徵、以及優點,其中每一個圖式係以示範的方式來顯示本發明之光源的一較佳具體實施例。
圖1為一光源1,其包括一被連接至切換裝置7的發光二極體2。於二極體2的頂端上,放置一具有發光材料5的層4。利用一脈衝形狀的電流來驅動二極體2,二極體2便會朝層4的方向發射一可見光3。於此具體實施例中,可見光3(主輻射)係藍光,第一尖峰波長係位於455 nm處。當二極體2發射主藍色輻射3時,埋置在層4之中的發光材料5便會被該藍色輻射3的光子激發,從而將藍色光3轉換成次輻射6。於圖1與圖2所示的具體實施例中,發光材料5包括磷光體,其會於轉換期間發射黃光。於上述的圖1與圖2中,係利用CaS:Eu作為磷光材料。
提高該脈衝寬度調變(PWM)的激發密度時,該等磷光體5便會因為基態消耗的關係而開始飽和。具結果係,該磷光體層4會發射更多的藍色抽運光。於圖1中所示的非飽和模式中,光源1會產生實質上為琥珀色的光。於磷光體5的飽和情況中,層4會發射眾多的藍色輻射3。此意謂著,於飽和的情況中,會有更多的藍光3離開光源1,這係因為層4對藍光3的透明度提升的關係。
該外出光包含主輻射3以及次輻射6。藉由改變該等磷光體5的激發密度,便可調整該等磷光體5的飽和度。可以產生的外出光的顏色(其係主輻射3與次輻射6的顏色混合)會相依於激發密度。
根據圖1與圖2,光源1的外出光可能包括藉由藍色與黃色之間的所有顏色。
該等磷光體5係埋置在一有機材料中,舉例來說,其可能係丙烯酸或矽質材料。本文所述的磷光體5係單晶粒5,因此,層4中的磷光材料5的密度約為5 g/cm3
。層4的厚度約為10 μm。如圖1與圖2中所示,層4係由4個晶粒層8所組成。層4包括越多的晶粒層8,發光材料5便會分散越多的外出光。此意謂著,晶粒層8的數量越多,光源1所產生的外出光便越少。此相干性對產生本文未說明的其它光源的光可能非常重要。
出乎意料的係,本文發現,利用具有一脈衝寬度10(脈衝週期)且於脈衝11之間具有一距離(關閉週期)的一脈衝形狀的電流9來驅動該二極體2,便可彼此獨立地改變光(其包含主輻射3及/或次輻射6)的光度與顏色,俾使該脈衝寬度10實質上等於該衰減時間。圖3為用於驅動二極體2的一脈衝形狀電流9的兩個概略示意圖。優點係,將關閉週期11設為至少大於該衰減時間三倍,便可改變該光的光度,而不會改變該外出光的顏色。於圖中所示的具體實施例中,該關閉週期11係衰減時間的五倍大。藉由縮短關閉週期11’,如圖3中所示,該外出光的光度便會提高,俾使該外出光的顏色實質上不變。當然,該等脈衝11之間的距離可小於該衰減時間;亦可等於該衰減時間。
於本文所述的具體實施例中,當激發光子數I、被激發體積中的射出離子數(N)、以及該等磷光體5所含的磷光體(尤其是射出活化子的磷光體)的衰減時間τ呈現下面關係式的話,便可預期會因基態消耗而產生飽和:
此表示式係針對連續激發,當激發脈衝的時間寬度實質上長過該發射衰減時間時,便可獲得半連續激發表示式。當激發脈衝的時間寬度短於該發射衰減時間時,還可觀察到飽和效應。假設發射面積為1 mm2
、磷光體層厚度為10 μm、封裝密度為50%、磷光體材料的密度為5 g/cm3
、莫耳質量為100 a.m.u.、活化子濃度為1%、而衰減時間為1 μs,那麼當I的數值超過約102 1
/cm2
時便可預期會產生飽和。此對應於約50 W/mm2
的激發能量。因此,當使用標準濃度的活化子時,快速衰減磷光體(衰減時間<<1 μs)會因為基態消耗的關係而不會呈現飽和。然而為使用前述磷光體,必須降低該等活化子的濃度。此會導致較小的光學吸收性,利用較大的磷光晶粒便可再度提高。或者,亦可使用陶瓷磷光體層或埋置在玻璃中的發光材料。
於本發明未說明的另一具體實施例中,亦可使用具有呈現禁制躍遷之活化子的磷光體5,前提係該發射可被敏化。舉例來說,假設發射衰減時間為1 ms,那麼於約0.05 W/mm2
的能量密度處便可預期該敏化發射會產生飽和。為防止嚴重的能量效率損失,亦可採用敏化發射(敏化發射的強度要提高,因為傳輸至活化子的能量會因眾多的活化離子被激發而受到阻礙)。
或者,磷光體陶瓷層4亦可能包括不同的磷光體5,用以於轉換期間發射一次輻射6。舉例來說,此輻射6可能包括綠色或藍色。較佳的係,利用具有不同飽和行為的磷光體5便可產生眾多不同顏色的外出光。藉由PWM提高激發密度,便可據以改變外出光的顏色。
當然,本文所述之具體實施例的二極體2亦可發射紫外光,第一尖峰波長係位於250至380 nm範圍中。較佳的係,利用CaS:Cu、SrS:Ag、ZnS:Ag、BaMgAl1 0
O1 7
:Eu或(Ca,Sr,Ba)5
(PO4)3
Cl:Sb、(Ca,Sr,Ba)5
(PO4)3
Cl:Eu作為層4中的磷光體5。該些磷光體5會被二極體2發射的紫外光激發,並且將該紫外光轉換成藍光。優點係,層4額外包括磷光體5,其會將主輻射3轉換成具有不同顏色的次輻射6,舉例來說,黃色或綠色或白色。
本發明亦可稱為光源系統,其包括一由單一上述光源所組成的陣列。
1...光源
2...發光二極體,LED
3...主輻射
4...層
5...發光材料,晶粒
6...次輻射
7...切換裝置
8...晶粒層
9...脈衝形狀的電流
10...脈衝寬度,脈衝週期
11...關閉週期,脈衝之間的距離
圖1為一光源的概略示意圖,其包括一二極體以及一具有一發光材料的層,俾使該發光材料處於非飽和模式中;圖2為圖1的光源,俾使該發光材料處於飽和模式中;以及圖3為一脈衝形狀的電流的概略示意圖,用以驅動圖1的二極體。
1...光源
2...發光二極體,LED
3...主輻射
4...層
5...發光材料,晶粒
6...次輻射
7...切換裝置
8...晶粒層
Claims (13)
- 一種光源(1),其會產生具有可調顏色且離開該光源(1)的光,該光源具有至少一發光二極體(2)來發射主輻射(3),其包括:一層(4),和該發光二極體(2)相連接,其中該層(4)包含至少一發光材料(5),用以將該主輻射(3)轉換成一次輻射(6);一切換裝置(7),用於利用一脈衝形狀的電流(9)來驅動該發光二極體(2),以便提供一含有主輻射(3)及/或次輻射(6)的光,俾可獨立地改變該光的光度與顏色,且其中該切換裝置經組態以透過該脈衝的能量密度來控制該至少一發光材料之一飽和度並透過一脈衝頻率來調整光度。
- 如請求項1之光源(1),其特徵為該脈衝形狀的電流(9)會經過脈衝寬度調變。
- 如請求項1或2之光源(1),其特徵為該主輻射(3)係可見光或不可見光。
- 如請求項1或2之光源(1),其特徵為該發光材料(5)包括磷光體。
- 如請求項1或2之光源(1),其特徵為該層(4)包括下面磷光體中其中一或多者:(紅色)CaS:Eu、SrS:Eu、(Ca,Sr)S:Eu、(Y,Gd)2 O2 S:Eu、Y(VO4 ):Eu、(Sr,Ba,Ca)2 Si5 N8 :Eu, (綠色/黃色)Y3 Al5 O12 :Ce、(Y,Gd)3 Al5 O12 :Ce、(Ba,Sr,Ca)2 SiO4 :Eu、CaS:Ce、ZnS:Cu、La(PO4 ):(Ce,Tb)、(Ce,Tb)Al12 O19 、(Ce,Gd,Tb)MgB5 O10 、BaMgAl10 O17 :Eu,Mn、ZnS:Au,(藍色)CaS:Cu、SrS:Ag、ZnS:Ag、BaMgAl10 O17 :Eu或(Ca,Sr,Ba)5 (PO4)3 Cl:Sb、(Ca,Sr,Ba)5 (PO4)3 Cl:Eu,(白色)(Ca,Sr,Ba)5 (PO4 )3 (F,Cl):Sb,Mn、(Ca,Sr,Ba)5 (PO4 )3 (F,Cl):Eu,Mn。
- 如請求項1或2之光源(1),其特徵為該層(4)的該磷光材料(5)的密度d為1.5 g/cm3 d10 g/cm3 。
- 如請求項1或2之光源(1),其特徵為該層(4)包含複數個磷光晶粒(5),其中該層(4)包括至少一晶粒層(8)。
- 如請求項7之光源(1),其特徵為該層(4)包括x個晶粒層(8),其中1x10。
- 一種產生光(6)的方法,其包含:一具有至少一發光二極體(2)來發射主輻射(3)的光源(1),該光源包括一與該發光二極體(2)相連的層(4),其中該層(4)包含至少一發光材料(5),用以將該主輻射(3)轉換成一次輻射(6),一切換裝置(7),用以利用一脈衝形狀的電流(9)來驅動該發光二極體(2),其包括一脈衝寬度(10)(脈衝週期)以及介於該等脈衝之間的距離(11)(關閉週期),該至少一發光材料之一飽和度係取決於該脈衝的一能量密度, 一光度則係由一脈衝頻率來調整,其中該包括一衰減時間的發光材料(5)會被該主輻射(3)激發,其激發方式可讓離開該光源(1)之包含該主輻射(3)及/或該次輻射(6)的光的光度與顏色可彼此獨立地改變,俾使該脈衝寬度(10)實質上等於該衰減時間。
- 如請求項9之方法,其特徵為該等脈衝之間的距離(11)大於該發光材料(5)的衰減時間,明確地說,該等脈衝之間的距離(11)至少大於該衰減時間的兩倍。
- 如請求項9或10之方法,其特徵為藉由改變該等脈衝之間的距離(11)便可改變離開該光源(1)的光的光度,從而讓該光的顏色實質上不變。
- 如請求項9或10之方法,其特徵為藉由改變該脈衝形狀的電流(9)的強度便可改變該光的顏色。
- 如請求項9或10之方法,其具有如請求項1或2之光源(1)。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05107479 | 2005-08-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW200711189A TW200711189A (en) | 2007-03-16 |
TWI400818B true TWI400818B (zh) | 2013-07-01 |
Family
ID=37462740
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW095129631A TWI400818B (zh) | 2005-08-15 | 2006-08-11 | 光源 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8125157B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1922763B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5419452B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101329264B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN101243557B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE514198T1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI400818B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2007020556A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10441810B2 (en) | 2007-04-08 | 2019-10-15 | Immunolight, Llc | X-ray psoralen activated cancer therapy (X-PACT) |
WO2017070197A1 (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2017-04-27 | Immunolight, Llc | X-ray psoralen activated cancer therapy (x-pact) |
EP2009077A1 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2008-12-31 | Leuchtstoffwerk Breitungen GmbH | Manganese-doped metal-silicon-nitrides phosphors |
EP2015611A1 (en) * | 2007-07-12 | 2009-01-14 | Yu-Nung Shen | Method for driving a LED |
DE102007060198A1 (de) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Konversions-LED |
KR100983042B1 (ko) * | 2008-10-28 | 2010-09-17 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 조명 장치 |
US9152300B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2015-10-06 | Tivo Inc. | Methods and techniques for adaptive search |
US9037999B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2015-05-19 | Tivo Inc. | Adaptive search result user interface |
US20100214282A1 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-08-26 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Apparatus for providing light source modulation in dual modulator displays |
EP2466994B1 (en) * | 2010-12-17 | 2020-03-25 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Quantum dot modulation for displays |
DE102011007492A1 (de) * | 2011-04-15 | 2012-05-10 | Osram Ag | Lichtquellenvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betreinbeneiner Lichtquellenvorrichtung |
DE102011114192A1 (de) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-03-28 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Farbortsteuerung eines von einem Licht emittierenden Halbleiterbauelement abgestrahlten Lichts |
KR102118309B1 (ko) | 2012-09-19 | 2020-06-03 | 돌비 레버러토리즈 라이쎈싱 코오포레이션 | 양자점/리모트 인광 디스플레이 시스템 개선 |
BR112015020571B1 (pt) | 2013-03-08 | 2022-04-12 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation | Método para acionamento de um monitor de escurecimento local, meio de armazenamento não transitório legível por computador e aparelho |
DE102013206154A1 (de) * | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-09 | Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh | Leuchtvorrichtung mit variabel einstellbarer Lichtfarbe |
CN103614138B (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2016-07-06 | 东北师范大学 | 一种适合近紫外光led激发的单一基质白光发射的发光材料及其制备方法 |
EP3123240A2 (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2017-02-01 | Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corp. | Global light compensation in a variety of displays |
CN108873477B (zh) | 2014-08-21 | 2021-08-17 | 杜比实验室特许公司 | 用于驱动局部调光显示器的方法、设备和存储介质 |
JP6472194B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-02 | 2019-02-20 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光源ユニット、光源ユニットの制御方法および投射型表示装置 |
CN107709517A (zh) | 2015-07-02 | 2018-02-16 | 飞利浦照明控股有限公司 | 具有随着光输出导致cct变化的慢衰减红色磷光体的led灯 |
DE202015105686U1 (de) * | 2015-10-26 | 2017-01-27 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg | Weißes Licht abstrahlendes LED-Modul |
EP3623447A1 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2020-03-18 | Seaborough IP I B.V. | Luminescent composition |
EP3789468A1 (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-03-10 | Seaborough IP I B.V. | Annealing method |
JP2021172713A (ja) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-11-01 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Iii族窒化物半導体ナノ粒子 |
US20230292416A1 (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2023-09-14 | Signify Holding B.V. | Color tunable laser based source |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6028694A (en) * | 1997-05-22 | 2000-02-22 | Schmidt; Gregory W. | Illumination device using pulse width modulation of a LED |
TW548383B (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2003-08-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Radiation energy irradiation device |
US6628249B1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2003-09-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Light emitting apparatus, method for driving the light emitting apparatus, and display apparatus including the light emitting apparatus |
WO2004060024A1 (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-15 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Color temperature correction for phosphor converted leds |
WO2004082032A2 (de) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-09-23 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Lumineszenzkonversions-leuchtdiode mit nachleuchteffekt und deren verwendung |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6636003B2 (en) | 2000-09-06 | 2003-10-21 | Spectrum Kinetics | Apparatus and method for adjusting the color temperature of white semiconduct or light emitters |
JP2002324685A (ja) | 2001-04-25 | 2002-11-08 | Sony Corp | 照明装置 |
US6791116B2 (en) * | 2002-04-30 | 2004-09-14 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Light emitting diode |
AU2003259433A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 | 2004-04-30 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Data carrier, apparatus for processing said data and method for detecting angle information for commutation of the motor. |
US7651529B2 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2010-01-26 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Stricture retractor |
US7462086B2 (en) * | 2004-04-21 | 2008-12-09 | Philips Lumileds Lighting Company, Llc | Phosphor for phosphor-converted semiconductor light emitting device |
JP5627839B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-18 | 2014-11-19 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ | 改良された減光動作を有する光源 |
-
2006
- 2006-08-07 US US12/063,799 patent/US8125157B2/en active Active
- 2006-08-07 CN CN2006800298635A patent/CN101243557B/zh active Active
- 2006-08-07 KR KR1020087006306A patent/KR101329264B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-08-07 AT AT06795599T patent/ATE514198T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-08-07 JP JP2008526579A patent/JP5419452B2/ja active Active
- 2006-08-07 WO PCT/IB2006/052713 patent/WO2007020556A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-08-07 EP EP06795599A patent/EP1922763B1/en active Active
- 2006-08-11 TW TW095129631A patent/TWI400818B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6028694A (en) * | 1997-05-22 | 2000-02-22 | Schmidt; Gregory W. | Illumination device using pulse width modulation of a LED |
TW548383B (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2003-08-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Radiation energy irradiation device |
US6628249B1 (en) * | 1999-11-12 | 2003-09-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Light emitting apparatus, method for driving the light emitting apparatus, and display apparatus including the light emitting apparatus |
WO2004060024A1 (en) * | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-15 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Color temperature correction for phosphor converted leds |
WO2004082032A2 (de) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-09-23 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Lumineszenzkonversions-leuchtdiode mit nachleuchteffekt und deren verwendung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2009505414A (ja) | 2009-02-05 |
WO2007020556A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
CN101243557B (zh) | 2010-11-10 |
US20100164390A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
EP1922763A1 (en) | 2008-05-21 |
CN101243557A (zh) | 2008-08-13 |
KR20080046191A (ko) | 2008-05-26 |
JP5419452B2 (ja) | 2014-02-19 |
KR101329264B1 (ko) | 2013-11-14 |
TW200711189A (en) | 2007-03-16 |
EP1922763B1 (en) | 2011-06-22 |
ATE514198T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
US8125157B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI400818B (zh) | 光源 | |
US10774997B2 (en) | Compositions for LED light conversions | |
EP1815536B1 (en) | Light source with improved dimming behavior and method of driving the light source | |
CN1954044B (zh) | 使用磷光体转换发光二极管的有效光源的规则 | |
US6278135B1 (en) | Green-light emitting phosphors and light sources using the same | |
JP2009505414A5 (zh) | ||
US20090026913A1 (en) | Dynamic color or white light phosphor converted LED illumination system | |
CN104303298A (zh) | 白色发光模块 | |
JP2017533549A (ja) | 放射スペクトルが調整可能な光源 | |
JP2017527114A (ja) | 白熱様減光発光ダイオード | |
JP5702726B2 (ja) | 蛍光体を用いる光源の色制御 | |
US10770629B2 (en) | Light emitting device | |
US11933490B2 (en) | Laser phosphor based light source with improved brightness | |
KR100573858B1 (ko) | 시알론 형광체 및 이를 포함하는 발광변환 다이오드 | |
KR20060088227A (ko) | 색채를 조절할 수 있는 발광 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |