TWI398965B - Light emitting diode chip and package structure thereof - Google Patents
Light emitting diode chip and package structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI398965B TWI398965B TW98140124A TW98140124A TWI398965B TW I398965 B TWI398965 B TW I398965B TW 98140124 A TW98140124 A TW 98140124A TW 98140124 A TW98140124 A TW 98140124A TW I398965 B TWI398965 B TW I398965B
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Description
本發明係關於一種發光二極體晶片及其封裝結構,尤指一種白光發光二極體晶片及其封裝結構。The invention relates to a light emitting diode chip and a package structure thereof, in particular to a white light emitting diode chip and a package structure thereof.
近幾年來,白光發光二極體是最被看好且最受全球矚目的新興產品。它具有體積小、無熱幅射、耗電量低、壽命長和反應速度佳又兼具環保效果等優點,能解決非常多過去白熾燈泡所難以克服的問題,因而已被歐美科學家視為二十一世紀的照明光源。In recent years, white light-emitting diodes have been the most optimistic and most popular products in the world. It has the advantages of small size, no heat radiation, low power consumption, long life, good reaction speed and environmental protection effect. It can solve many problems that are difficult to overcome in the past, so it has been regarded by European and American scientists as two. Illumination source of the eleventh century.
請參考第1圖,第1圖為習知白光發光二極體封裝結構剖面示意圖。如第1圖所示,習知白光發光二極體封裝結構10包括一具有一凹槽12之膠體14、二鑲嵌於膠體14中之導電架16、一藍光二極體晶片18、一螢光膠體20以及二金屬導線22。其中,藍光二極體晶片18設置於凹槽12中之膠體14上,且金屬導線22將藍光二極體晶片18電性連接於導電架16之間。並且,螢光膠體20將藍光二極體晶片18密封於膠體14上,且螢光膠體20包含一螢光粉,用於將藍光二極體晶片18所射出之藍光轉換為黃光,藉此利用藍光二極體晶片18之藍光搭配螢光膠體20所轉換之黃光,可產生白光。Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional white light emitting diode package structure. As shown in FIG. 1 , the conventional white light emitting diode package structure 10 includes a colloid 14 having a recess 12 , a conductive frame 16 embedded in the colloid 14 , a blue diode chip 18 , and a fluorescent light . The colloid 20 and the two metal wires 22 are provided. The blue LED chip 18 is disposed on the colloid 14 in the recess 12, and the metal wire 22 electrically connects the blue diode wafer 18 between the conductive racks 16. Moreover, the phosphor colloid 20 seals the blue LED wafer 18 on the colloid 14, and the phosphor colloid 20 comprises a phosphor for converting the blue light emitted by the blue LED wafer 18 into yellow light. White light can be produced by using the blue light of the blue LED chip 18 in combination with the yellow light converted by the phosphor colloid 20.
然而,藍光二極體晶片於不同角度發射出之藍光會經過不同厚度之螢光膠體,使得白光二極體封裝結構於不同角度上所發射之白光會由不同強度之藍光以及不同強度之黃光混合而成。而不同強度之藍光混合不同強度之黃光會產生不同色溫之白光,亦即於不同角度所發射之白光可能偏黃色或偏藍色。However, the blue light emitted by the blue diode chip at different angles passes through the phosphor colloid of different thicknesses, so that the white light emitted by the white light diode package structure at different angles will be composed of different intensity blue light and different intensity yellow light. Mixed. Different colors of blue light mixed with different intensity of yellow light will produce white light of different color temperatures, that is, white light emitted at different angles may be yellowish or blueish.
本發明之主要目的在於提供一種發光二極體晶片及其封裝結構,以解決上述色溫不均勻之問題。The main object of the present invention is to provide a light emitting diode chip and a package structure thereof to solve the above problem of uneven color temperature.
為達上述之目的,本發明提供一種一發光二極體晶片,其包括一基板、一設於基板上之第一發光單元以及一第一光轉換層。第一光轉換層覆蓋第一發光單元且延伸至覆蓋第一發光單元之側壁,並且第一光轉換層具有一均勻厚度,使發光二極體晶片於不同角度所產生之光線的色溫差小於1500K,而第一光轉換層未接觸基板之側壁。To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a light emitting diode chip including a substrate, a first light emitting unit disposed on the substrate, and a first light converting layer. The first light conversion layer covers the first light emitting unit and extends to cover the sidewall of the first light emitting unit, and the first light conversion layer has a uniform thickness, so that the color temperature difference of the light generated by the light emitting diode chip at different angles is less than 1500K. And the first light conversion layer does not contact the sidewall of the substrate.
為達上述之目的,本發明另提供一種發光二極體晶片,其包括一基板、一設於基板上之發光單元以及一光轉換層。發光單元包括一設於該基板上之P型接觸電極、一N型接觸電極以及一設於該P型接觸電極與該N型接觸電極間之電流堵塞層,且電流堵塞層設於該N型接觸電極之正下方。光轉換層覆蓋發光單元且延伸至覆蓋發光單元之側壁。To achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a light emitting diode chip including a substrate, a light emitting unit disposed on the substrate, and a light conversion layer. The illuminating unit includes a P-type contact electrode disposed on the substrate, an N-type contact electrode, and a current blocking layer disposed between the P-type contact electrode and the N-type contact electrode, and the current blocking layer is disposed on the N-type Directly below the contact electrode. The light conversion layer covers the light emitting unit and extends to cover the sidewall of the light emitting unit.
為達上述之目的,本發明提供一種發光二極體封裝結構,其包括一導線架、一發光二極體晶片、一導線以及一封裝膠體。導線架具有一第一引腳、一第二引腳以及一連接於第一引腳之承載部,且發光二極體晶片設於承載部上。發光二極體晶片具有一第一電極以及一第二電極,且第一電極電性連接至第一引腳。導線電性連接第二電極至第二引腳,而封裝膠體包覆發光二極體晶片、承載部、部分第一引腳以及部分第二引腳,且該封裝膠體係為一透明膠體。發光二極體晶片包括一基板、一設於基板上之第一發光單元以及一第一光轉換層。第一光轉換層覆蓋第一發光單元且延伸至覆蓋第一發光單元之側壁,並且第一光轉換層具有一均勻厚度,使發光二極體晶片於不同角度所產生之光線的色溫差小於1500K,而第一光轉換層未接觸基板之側壁。To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a light emitting diode package structure including a lead frame, a light emitting diode chip, a wire, and an encapsulant. The lead frame has a first pin, a second pin and a carrying portion connected to the first pin, and the LED chip is disposed on the carrying portion. The LED has a first electrode and a second electrode, and the first electrode is electrically connected to the first pin. The wire is electrically connected to the second electrode to the second pin, and the encapsulant encapsulates the LED chip, the carrying portion, the portion of the first pin and the portion of the second pin, and the encapsulant system is a transparent colloid. The light emitting diode chip includes a substrate, a first light emitting unit disposed on the substrate, and a first light converting layer. The first light conversion layer covers the first light emitting unit and extends to cover the sidewall of the first light emitting unit, and the first light conversion layer has a uniform thickness, so that the color temperature difference of the light generated by the light emitting diode chip at different angles is less than 1500K. And the first light conversion layer does not contact the sidewall of the substrate.
本發明之發光二極體晶片具有均勻厚度之光轉換層,且光轉換層覆蓋產生光線之發光單元並延伸至覆蓋發光單元之側壁,使得發光二極體晶片所產生之白光色溫不會隨著角度的不同而有所改變,進而解決習知發光二極體封裝結構所射出光線之色溫隨著角度之不同而不同之問題。The light-emitting diode chip of the present invention has a light-converting layer of uniform thickness, and the light-converting layer covers the light-emitting unit that generates light and extends to cover the sidewall of the light-emitting unit, so that the color temperature of the white light generated by the light-emitting diode chip does not follow The angle varies, and the color temperature of the light emitted by the conventional LED package structure is different depending on the angle.
請參考第2圖與第3圖,第2圖為本發明第一實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖,第3圖為本發明第一實施例之發光二極體晶片之上視示意圖。如第2圖與第3圖所示,發光二極體晶片100包括一基板102、一第一發光單元104以及一第一光轉換層106。第一發光單元104設於基板102上,而第一光轉換層106覆蓋第一發光單元104且延伸至覆蓋第一發光單元104之側壁,並且第一光轉換層106未接觸基板102之側壁。換言之,於發光二極體晶片100之一側邊上,基板102之邊長係大於第一光轉換層106之邊長減去第一發光單元104之邊長之1/2倍。並且,第一發光單元104之側邊距離基板102之側邊的最短距離較佳小於基板102側邊之長度的1/10倍。此外,發光二極體晶片100可為一長方體或正方體結構。於本實施例中,基板102係為一具有導電特性之基板,例如:摻雜半導體基板或為具有貫穿基板之導電插塞之矽基板,以將設於基板102上之第一發光單元104電性連接至外界,但不以此為限。Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting diode wafer according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a top view of the light-emitting diode wafer according to the first embodiment of the present invention. . As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the LED chip 100 includes a substrate 102 , a first light emitting unit 104 , and a first light conversion layer 106 . The first light emitting unit 104 is disposed on the substrate 102, and the first light converting layer 106 covers the first light emitting unit 104 and extends to cover the sidewall of the first light emitting unit 104, and the first light converting layer 106 does not contact the sidewall of the substrate 102. In other words, on one side of the light-emitting diode wafer 100, the side length of the substrate 102 is greater than the side length of the first light conversion layer 106 minus one-half times the side length of the first light-emitting unit 104. Moreover, the shortest distance of the side of the first light emitting unit 104 from the side of the substrate 102 is preferably less than 1/10 times the length of the side of the substrate 102. In addition, the LED wafer 100 can be a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube structure. In this embodiment, the substrate 102 is a substrate having conductive properties, such as a doped semiconductor substrate or a germanium substrate having a conductive plug penetrating through the substrate to electrically charge the first light emitting unit 104 disposed on the substrate 102. Sex is connected to the outside world, but not limited to this.
此外,本實施例之第一發光單元104係為一垂直式發光二極體(vertical LED,VLED)晶片,其包括氮化鎵(GaN)及其相關氮化物,且可產生藍光,但本發明不限於此。第一發光單元104包括一設於基板102上之P型接觸電極108、一設於P型接觸電極108上之P型摻雜層110、一設於P型摻雜層110上之主動層(active layer)112、一設於主動層112上之N型摻雜層114以及一設於N型摻雜層114上之N型接觸電極116。其中,N型接觸電極116並未被第一光轉換層106所覆蓋,或者部分N型接觸電極116被暴露出,使發光二極體晶片100於封裝時可利用打線方式將N型接觸電極116電性連接至導線支架上。此外,發光二極體晶片100另包括一金屬接墊118,例如:金墊、錫球、錫膏或銀膠等金屬黏著物,以用於將第一發光單元104之P型接觸電極108接合於基板102上。In addition, the first light emitting unit 104 of the embodiment is a vertical LED (VLED) wafer including gallium nitride (GaN) and its related nitride, and can generate blue light, but the present invention Not limited to this. The first light emitting unit 104 includes a P-type contact electrode 108 disposed on the substrate 102, a P-type doped layer 110 disposed on the P-type contact electrode 108, and an active layer disposed on the P-type doped layer 110 ( An active layer 112, an N-type doped layer 114 disposed on the active layer 112, and an N-type contact electrode 116 disposed on the N-type doped layer 114. Wherein, the N-type contact electrode 116 is not covered by the first light conversion layer 106, or a part of the N-type contact electrode 116 is exposed, so that the N-type contact electrode 116 can be wire-bonded during packaging. Electrically connected to the wire holder. In addition, the LED wafer 100 further includes a metal pad 118, such as a metal pad, solder ball, solder paste or silver paste, for bonding the P-type contact electrode 108 of the first light-emitting unit 104. On the substrate 102.
另外,本實施例之第一光轉換層106包括一膠體120以及一螢光粉122,且螢光粉122均勻散佈於膠體120中。螢光粉122可將第一發光單元104所射出之藍光轉換為黃光,然後藉由第一發光單元104之藍光混合螢光粉所轉換出之黃光可構成白光。但本發明不限於此,第一發光單元所產生之光線的顏色亦可為紫外光,而第一光轉換層包括至少三螢光材料,其中螢光材料所轉換出之光線的顏色包括紅色、綠色、藍色或上述組合。於本實施例中,螢光粉122係具有複數個螢光顆粒,且螢光顆粒之中位數平均之顆粒粒徑係約略小於10微米,而螢光粉122包括一具有一石榴石(garnet)結構之螢光物質,例如:釔鋁石榴石(yttrium aluminum garnet,YAG),可吸收波長小於藍色之光線,並經過非輻射(non-radiative)形式之衰減後,射出黃色之光線,但本發明不限於此。值得注意的是,第一光轉換層106係均勻設置於第一發光單元104上以及第一發光單元104之側壁,並且具有一均勻厚度d,約略介於15微米(micrometer,μm)至80微米,或約略介於第一發光單元104厚度之3至20倍。藉此,第一發光單元104於發光二極體晶片100之不同角度的第一方向124與於第二方向126上所射出之光線會經過約略相同厚度之 第一光轉換層106,亦即於第一方向124與第二方向126上之光線所遇到之螢光粉數量約略相同,因此第一光轉換層106之螢光粉122於第一方向124與第二方向126上所轉換出之黃光強度約略相同,且第一發光單元104於第一方向124與第二方向126上經過第一光轉換層106後之光線強度亦約略相同,亦即發光二極體晶片100於不同角度上所射出白光之色溫約略相同,並且發光二極體晶片100於不同角度射出之光線的色溫差小於500K,且較佳小於500K。另外,值得一提的是本發明製作發光二極體晶片之方法係先將複數個第一發光單元104設於基板102上,然後進行第一光轉換層106之沈積或塗佈。最後,才將各發光二極體晶片100切割成單一顆粒,因此本發明所提供之發光二極體晶片100之第一光轉換層106並未延伸至基板102之側壁。並且,本發明所提供之發光二極體晶片100因已具有轉換光線顏色之第一光轉換層106,所以於後續進行封裝時,並不需再進行螢光層之點膠或塗佈製程,而可節省發光二極體元件之封裝步驟。In addition, the first light conversion layer 106 of the embodiment includes a colloid 120 and a phosphor powder 122, and the phosphor powder 122 is evenly dispersed in the colloid 120. The phosphor powder 122 converts the blue light emitted by the first light emitting unit 104 into yellow light, and then the yellow light converted by the blue light mixed phosphor powder of the first light emitting unit 104 can constitute white light. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the color of the light generated by the first light emitting unit may be ultraviolet light, and the first light conversion layer includes at least three fluorescent materials, wherein the color of the light converted by the fluorescent material includes red, Green, blue or a combination of the above. In the present embodiment, the phosphor powder 122 has a plurality of phosphor particles, and the median average particle size of the phosphor particles is about less than 10 microns, and the phosphor powder 122 includes a garnet (garnet). a fluorescent substance of the structure, such as yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), which absorbs light having a wavelength smaller than blue and is attenuated by a non-radiative form to emit yellow light, but The invention is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the first light conversion layer 106 is uniformly disposed on the first light emitting unit 104 and the sidewall of the first light emitting unit 104, and has a uniform thickness d, which is approximately between 15 micrometers (μm) and 80 micrometers. Or approximately 3 to 20 times the thickness of the first light emitting unit 104. Thereby, the first light 124 of the first light emitting unit 104 at different angles of the light emitting diode chip 100 and the light emitted in the second direction 126 pass through approximately the same thickness. The first light conversion layer 106, that is, the amount of phosphor powder encountered in the first direction 124 and the second direction 126 is about the same, so the phosphor powder 122 of the first light conversion layer 106 is in the first direction 124. The intensity of the yellow light converted in the second direction 126 is about the same, and the light intensity of the first light-emitting unit 104 after passing through the first light-converting layer 106 in the first direction 124 and the second direction 126 is about the same, that is, The color temperature of the white light emitted from the LED chip 100 at different angles is about the same, and the color temperature difference of the light emitted from the LED chip 100 at different angles is less than 500K, and preferably less than 500K. In addition, it is worth mentioning that the method for fabricating a light-emitting diode wafer of the present invention firstly sets a plurality of first light-emitting units 104 on a substrate 102, and then deposits or coats the first light-converting layer 106. Finally, each of the LED wafers 100 is diced into a single particle. Therefore, the first light conversion layer 106 of the LED array 100 provided by the present invention does not extend to the sidewall of the substrate 102. Moreover, since the LED array 100 provided by the present invention already has the first light conversion layer 106 that converts the color of the light, it is not necessary to perform the dispensing or coating process of the phosphor layer in the subsequent packaging. The packaging step of the LED component can be saved.
此外,本實施例之第一光轉換層並不限於將藍光轉換為黃光,且第一光轉換層不限於僅為一層結構。請參考第4圖與第5圖,第4圖與第5圖為本發明第一實施例之發光二極體晶片之其他實施態樣的剖面示意圖。如第4圖所示,本實施態樣之發光二極體晶片150之第一光轉換層106包括二螢光層152、154,且各螢光層152、154可吸收第一發光單元104所射出之藍色光線,並且分別轉換出具有綠色與紅色之光線。因此,結合藍色、綠色以及紅色之光線可產生白色之光線。此外,本發明之發光單元不限產生藍光,亦可產生紫外光,如第5圖所示,另一實施態樣之發光二極體晶片160之第一發光單元104所產生之光線為紫外光,而本實施態樣發光二極體晶片160之第一光轉換層106包括至少三螢光層162、164、166,且各螢光層所轉換出之光線的顏色包括紅色、綠色、藍色或上述組合,使各螢光層162、164、166可藉由吸收較紅光、綠光以及藍光之能量高之光線,透過非輻射形式之衰減,而射出紅光、綠光以及藍光等顏色。值得注意的是,本實施態樣另包括一濾光層168,設於第一光轉換層106上,用以過濾掉紫外光,使第一發光單元104所產生之光線遇到濾光層168時會被反射或吸收,而不會射至外界。Further, the first light conversion layer of the present embodiment is not limited to converting blue light to yellow light, and the first light conversion layer is not limited to only one layer structure. Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 . FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are schematic cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the LED chip according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the first light conversion layer 106 of the LED array 150 of the present embodiment includes two phosphor layers 152 and 154, and each of the phosphor layers 152 and 154 can absorb the first light emitting unit 104. The blue light is emitted and the light with green and red is converted separately. Therefore, the combination of blue, green, and red light produces white light. In addition, the light-emitting unit of the present invention is not limited to generate blue light, and may also generate ultraviolet light. As shown in FIG. 5, the light generated by the first light-emitting unit 104 of the light-emitting diode wafer 160 of another embodiment is ultraviolet light. The first light conversion layer 106 of the LED array 160 of the present embodiment includes at least three phosphor layers 162, 164, and 166, and the colors of the light converted by the respective phosphor layers include red, green, and blue. Or the combination of the above, the phosphor layers 162, 164, and 166 can emit red, green, and blue light by absorbing light of higher energy of red, green, and blue light, and attenuating the non-radiative form. . It is to be noted that the present embodiment further includes a filter layer 168 disposed on the first light conversion layer 106 for filtering out ultraviolet light, so that the light generated by the first light emitting unit 104 encounters the filter layer 168. It will be reflected or absorbed without being shot to the outside world.
本發明之發光二極體晶片並不限於上述第一實施例。請參考第6圖,第6圖為本發明第二實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。為了方便比較各實施例之差異,下述實施例與第一實施例相同之元件使用相同之標號,且相同元件結構不再贅述。如第6圖所示,相較於第一實施例,本實施例發光二極體晶片200之第一發光單元104另包括一電流堵塞層(current blocking layer)202,設於P型摻雜層110與P型接觸電極108之間,且位於P型接觸電極108之周圍,並與直接接觸P型接觸電極108。於本實施例中,電流堵塞層202係環繞與P型摻雜層110直接接觸之部分P型接觸電極108,但本發明不限於此。此外,本實施例第一發光單元104之N型接觸電極116係設於N型摻雜層114上,且位於相對應電流堵塞層202之垂直位置,亦即電流堵塞層202位於N型接觸電極116之正下方。其中,電流堵塞層202係用於避免電流通過第一發光單元104之周圍,進而避免位於第一發光單元104周圍之主動層112產生藍光,僅使靠近第一發光單元104中央之主動層112產生藍光,並藉由將N型接觸電極116設於對應電流堵塞層202之位置,使光線從發光二極體晶片200之中央射出,而不會往發光二極體晶片200之側壁射出。電流堵塞層202可為一N型摻雜區,以於P型接觸電極108與P型摻雜層110之間形成一反向PN接面,使從P型接觸電極108進入之電流不流往電流堵塞層202,而強迫電流流往第一發光單元104之中央,因此可增加發光二極體晶片200向上射出之光線強度。藉此,電流堵塞層202之設置亦可避免僅於第一發光單元104之側壁設置遮蔽層時光線被遮蔽層吸收之損失。值得注意的是,由於電流堵塞層202可降低第一發光單元104於第二方向126上射出之光線強度,本實施例之第一光轉換層106並未延伸至包覆整個第一發光單元104,而可僅延伸至電流堵塞層202上方之P型摻雜層110之側壁,且未覆蓋電流堵塞層202,但不限於此,本發明於設置有電流堵塞層202時,第一光轉換層106亦可延伸至包覆整個第一發光單元104。The light-emitting diode wafer of the present invention is not limited to the above-described first embodiment. Please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light emitting diode chip according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the following embodiments, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the same component structures are not described again. As shown in FIG. 6, the first light-emitting unit 104 of the LED array 200 of the present embodiment further includes a current blocking layer 202 disposed on the P-type doped layer. 110 is between the P-type contact electrode 108 and around the P-type contact electrode 108, and is in direct contact with the P-type contact electrode 108. In the present embodiment, the current blocking layer 202 surrounds a portion of the P-type contact electrode 108 in direct contact with the P-type doped layer 110, but the invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the N-type contact electrode 116 of the first light-emitting unit 104 of the present embodiment is disposed on the N-type doped layer 114 and located at a vertical position corresponding to the current blocking layer 202, that is, the current blocking layer 202 is located at the N-type contact electrode. Just below 116. The current blocking layer 202 is used to prevent current from passing through the periphery of the first light emitting unit 104, thereby preventing the active layer 112 located around the first light emitting unit 104 from generating blue light, and only generating the active layer 112 near the center of the first light emitting unit 104. The blue light is emitted from the center of the light-emitting diode wafer 200 by placing the N-type contact electrode 116 at a position corresponding to the current blocking layer 202, and is not emitted toward the sidewall of the light-emitting diode wafer 200. The current blocking layer 202 can be an N-type doped region to form a reverse PN junction between the P-type contact electrode 108 and the P-type doped layer 110, so that the current entering from the P-type contact electrode 108 does not flow. The current blocks the layer 202 and forces current to flow to the center of the first light emitting unit 104, thereby increasing the intensity of the light emitted from the LED array 200 upward. Thereby, the arrangement of the current blocking layer 202 can also avoid the loss of light absorbed by the shielding layer only when the shielding layer is disposed on the sidewall of the first light emitting unit 104. It is to be noted that, because the current blocking layer 202 can reduce the intensity of the light emitted by the first light emitting unit 104 in the second direction 126, the first light converting layer 106 of the embodiment does not extend to cover the entire first light emitting unit 104. And may extend only to the sidewall of the P-type doping layer 110 above the current blocking layer 202, and does not cover the current blocking layer 202, but is not limited thereto, the first light conversion layer is provided when the current blocking layer 202 is provided in the present invention. 106 may also extend to cover the entire first light emitting unit 104.
此外,本發明之第一發光單元並不限於為垂直式發光二極體晶片,亦可為其他樣式之發光二極體晶片。請參考第7圖,第7圖為本發明第三實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。如第7圖所示,相較於第一實施例,本實施例發光二極體晶片300之第一發光單元104為薄膜覆晶式發光二極體(thin-film flip chip LED,TFFCLED)晶片,且第一發光單元104之P型接觸電極108設於基板102上,而第一發光單元104之N型接觸電極116亦設於基板102上。P型摻雜層110設於P型接觸電極108上,且主動層112設於P型摻雜層110上,而N型摻雜層114設於主動層112與N型接觸電極116上。其中,N型接觸電極116未與P型摻雜層110與主動層112相接觸,以用於將N型摻雜層114電性連接至基板102上。P型接觸電極108設於P型摻雜層110與基板102之間,以用於將P型摻雜層110電性連接至基板102上。另外,本實施例之發光二極體晶片300之基板102係具有二導電插塞302,貫穿基板102,且各導電插塞302分別電性連接至P型接觸電極108以及N型接觸電極116。並且,本實施例之發光二極體晶片300另包括複數個金屬接墊304,設於第一發光單元104與各導電插塞302之間,以將N型接觸電極116與P型接觸電極108分別電性連接至各導電插塞302。其中,金屬接墊304係為一金屬黏著物,例如:金墊、錫球、錫膏或銀膠等。值得注意的是,相較於第一實施例之垂直式發光二極體晶片,本實施例之第一光轉換層106並不需露出一電極,而將P型接觸電極108與N型接觸電極116直接接合於基板102上。此外,第三實施例之發光二極體晶片亦可具有電流堵塞層,請參考第8圖,第8圖為本發明第三實施例之發光二極體晶片之另一實施態樣的剖面示意圖。如第8圖所示,本實施態樣之發光二極體晶片350包括一電流堵塞層352,設於P型摻雜層110與P型接觸電極108之間,且位於P型接觸電極108之周圍,並直接接觸P型接觸電極108。In addition, the first light-emitting unit of the present invention is not limited to a vertical light-emitting diode wafer, and may be other types of light-emitting diode wafers. Please refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a light emitting diode chip according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7 , the first light-emitting unit 104 of the LED array 300 of the present embodiment is a thin-film flip chip LED (TFFCLED) wafer. The P-type contact electrode 108 of the first light-emitting unit 104 is disposed on the substrate 102, and the N-type contact electrode 116 of the first light-emitting unit 104 is also disposed on the substrate 102. The P-type doped layer 110 is disposed on the P-type contact electrode 108, and the active layer 112 is disposed on the P-type doped layer 110, and the N-type doped layer 114 is disposed on the active layer 112 and the N-type contact electrode 116. The N-type contact electrode 116 is not in contact with the P-type doped layer 110 and the active layer 112 for electrically connecting the N-type doped layer 114 to the substrate 102. The P-type contact electrode 108 is disposed between the P-type doped layer 110 and the substrate 102 for electrically connecting the P-type doped layer 110 to the substrate 102. In addition, the substrate 102 of the LED array 300 of the present embodiment has two conductive plugs 302 extending through the substrate 102, and each of the conductive plugs 302 is electrically connected to the P-type contact electrode 108 and the N-type contact electrode 116, respectively. In addition, the LED chip 300 of the present embodiment further includes a plurality of metal pads 304 disposed between the first light emitting unit 104 and each of the conductive plugs 302 to connect the N-type contact electrode 116 and the P-type contact electrode 108. They are electrically connected to the respective conductive plugs 302, respectively. The metal pad 304 is a metal adhesive such as a gold pad, a solder ball, a solder paste or a silver paste. It should be noted that, compared with the vertical LED chip of the first embodiment, the first light conversion layer 106 of the present embodiment does not need to expose an electrode, but the P-type contact electrode 108 and the N-type contact electrode. 116 is directly bonded to the substrate 102. In addition, the LED of the third embodiment may also have a current blocking layer. Please refer to FIG. 8. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the LED of the third embodiment of the present invention. . As shown in FIG. 8, the LED array 350 of the present embodiment includes a current blocking layer 352 disposed between the P-type doping layer 110 and the P-type contact electrode 108 and located at the P-type contact electrode 108. It is surrounded and directly contacts the P-type contact electrode 108.
另外,請參考第9圖,第9圖為本發明第四實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。如第9圖所示,相較於第三實施例,本實施例發光二極體晶片400之第一發光單元104為覆晶式發光二極體(flip chip LED,FCLED)晶片,且第一發光單元104另包括一透明基板402,設於N型摻雜層114上。透明基板402具有透光性,可為砷化鎵(GaAs)、氮化鎵、藍寶石(Sapphire)或碳化矽(SiC)基板,但不限於此。In addition, please refer to FIG. 9, which is a cross-sectional view of a light-emitting diode wafer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the first light emitting unit 104 of the LED array 400 of the present embodiment is a flip chip LED (FCLED) wafer, and the first The light emitting unit 104 further includes a transparent substrate 402 disposed on the N-type doping layer 114. The transparent substrate 402 has translucency and may be a gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium nitride, sapphire or tantalum carbide (SiC) substrate, but is not limited thereto.
另外,本發明之發光二極體晶片並不限於僅包含一發光單元。請參考第10圖,第10圖為本發明第五實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。如第10圖所示,相較於第一實施例,本實施例之發光二極體晶片500另包括至少一第二發光單元502,設於基板102上,並且第一光轉換層106覆蓋第一發光單元104以及第二發光單元502,且延伸至覆蓋第二發光單元502之側壁。於本實施例中,第一發光單元104與第二發光單元502可為垂直式發光二極體晶片、薄膜覆晶式發光二極體晶片或覆晶式發光二極體晶片。此外,本發明不限於第10圖之發光二極體晶片,相較於第五實施例,本發明之第一發光單元與第二發光單元亦可包括上述之電流堵塞層。另外,請參考第11圖,第11圖為本發明第六實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。如第11所示,相較於第五實施例,本實施例之發光二極體晶片550另包括至少一第二光轉換層552,覆蓋第二發光單元502,且延伸至覆蓋第二發光單元502之側壁,亦即不同發光單元係由不同之光轉換層所覆蓋。Further, the light-emitting diode wafer of the present invention is not limited to including only one light-emitting unit. Please refer to FIG. 10, which is a cross-sectional view of a light emitting diode chip according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the LED assembly 500 of the present embodiment further includes at least one second illumination unit 502 disposed on the substrate 102, and the first light conversion layer 106 covers the first embodiment. A light emitting unit 104 and a second light emitting unit 502 extend to cover sidewalls of the second light emitting unit 502. In this embodiment, the first light emitting unit 104 and the second light emitting unit 502 can be a vertical light emitting diode chip, a thin film flip chip diode chip, or a flip chip light emitting diode chip. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the light-emitting diode wafer of FIG. 10, and the first light-emitting unit and the second light-emitting unit of the present invention may further include the above-described current blocking layer as compared with the fifth embodiment. In addition, please refer to FIG. 11, which is a cross-sectional view of a light-emitting diode wafer according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the eleventh embodiment, the LED array 550 of the present embodiment further includes at least one second light conversion layer 552 covering the second light emitting unit 502 and extending to cover the second light emitting unit. The sidewalls of 502, that is, the different light-emitting units are covered by different light-converting layers.
此外,本發明之發光二極體晶片亦可以交流電驅動。請參考第12圖,第12圖為本發明第七實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。如第12圖所示,相較於第六實施例,本實施例之發光二極體晶片600之第一發光單元602與第二發光單元604係電性連接在一起。本實施例之第一發光單元602與第二發光單元604係以薄膜覆晶式發光二極體晶片為例,但不限於此,而可為其他形式之發光二極體晶片。第一發光單元602之P型接觸電極606電性連接至第二發光單元604之N型接觸電極612,而作為發光二極體晶片600之一第一電極614。並且,第一發光單元602之N型接觸電極608電性連接至第二發光單元604之P型接觸電極610,而作為發光二極體晶片600之一第二電極616。因此,當發光二極體晶片600之第一電極614提供正電壓,而第二電極616提供負電壓,則第一發光單元602會產生白光。反之,發光二極體晶片600之第一電極602提供負電壓,而第二電極604提供正電壓時,則第二發光單元604會產稱白光,因此發光二極體晶片600於提供交流電壓之情況下可分別藉由驅動第一發光單元602與第二發光單元604來產生白光,而可使用於交流電驅動。此外,本發明之發光二極體晶片亦可具有複數個發光單元,且複數個發光單元可電性連接成一惠斯通(Wheatstone)電橋,並且基板可具有複數個內連線結構以電性連接各發光單元。In addition, the light emitting diode chip of the present invention can also be driven by an alternating current. Please refer to FIG. 12, which is a cross-sectional view of a light-emitting diode wafer according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the first light-emitting unit 602 and the second light-emitting unit 604 of the LED array 600 of the present embodiment are electrically connected to each other as compared with the sixth embodiment. The first light-emitting unit 602 and the second light-emitting unit 604 in this embodiment are exemplified by a thin film flip-chip light-emitting diode wafer, but are not limited thereto, and may be other forms of light-emitting diode wafers. The P-type contact electrode 606 of the first light-emitting unit 602 is electrically connected to the N-type contact electrode 612 of the second light-emitting unit 604 as one of the first electrodes 614 of the light-emitting diode wafer 600. Moreover, the N-type contact electrode 608 of the first light-emitting unit 602 is electrically connected to the P-type contact electrode 610 of the second light-emitting unit 604 and serves as the second electrode 616 of the light-emitting diode chip 600. Therefore, when the first electrode 614 of the LED array 600 provides a positive voltage and the second electrode 616 provides a negative voltage, the first illumination unit 602 generates white light. On the contrary, the first electrode 602 of the LED chip 600 provides a negative voltage, and when the second electrode 604 provides a positive voltage, the second light-emitting unit 604 generates a white light, so the LED chip 600 provides an AC voltage. In this case, white light can be generated by driving the first light emitting unit 602 and the second light emitting unit 604, respectively, and can be used for AC driving. In addition, the light emitting diode chip of the present invention may also have a plurality of light emitting units, and the plurality of light emitting units may be electrically connected to form a Wheatstone bridge, and the substrate may have a plurality of interconnect structures to be electrically connected. Connect each light unit.
另外,本發明亦提供一封裝結構用於封裝上述之發光二極體晶片。請參考第13圖,第13圖為本發明一實施例之發光二極體封裝結構之剖面示意圖。如第13圖所示,發光二極體封裝結構700包含有一導線架702、一發光二極體晶片704、一導線706以及一封裝膠體708。其中導線架702具有一第一引腳710、一第二引腳712以及一連接於第一引腳710之承載部714。本實施例之發光二極體晶片704可為上述各實施例之發光二極體晶片,且具有一第一電極716以及一第二電極718。並且,發光二極體晶片704藉由一導電膠720接合於導線架之承載部714上,使發光二極體晶片704之第一電極716電性連接至第一引腳710,而利用導線706電性連接發光二極體晶片704之第二電極718至第二引腳712。封裝膠體706包覆發光二極體晶片704、承載部714、部分第一引腳710以及部分第二引腳712。值得注意的是,由於發光二極體晶片704本身即可產生白光,因此本發明之發光二極體封裝結構700並不需額外於發光二極體晶片704上點膠或塗佈一螢光層,且封裝膠體708係為一透明膠體。In addition, the present invention also provides a package structure for packaging the above-described light emitting diode wafer. Please refer to FIG. 13. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a light emitting diode package structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the LED package structure 700 includes a lead frame 702, a light emitting diode chip 704, a wire 706, and an encapsulant 708. The lead frame 702 has a first pin 710 , a second pin 712 , and a carrying portion 714 connected to the first pin 710 . The LED substrate 704 of the present embodiment may be the LED of the above embodiments, and has a first electrode 716 and a second electrode 718. The light-emitting diode wafer 704 is bonded to the carrying portion 714 of the lead frame by a conductive adhesive 720, so that the first electrode 716 of the LED chip 704 is electrically connected to the first pin 710, and the wire 706 is utilized. The second electrode 718 of the LED chip 704 is electrically connected to the second pin 712. The encapsulant 706 encapsulates the LED chip 704, the carrier portion 714, a portion of the first pin 710, and a portion of the second pin 712. It should be noted that since the LED chip 704 itself can generate white light, the LED package structure 700 of the present invention does not need to be additionally dispensed or coated with a phosphor layer on the LED wafer 704. And the encapsulant 708 is a transparent colloid.
綜上所述,本發明之發光二極體晶片具有均勻厚度之光轉換層,且光轉換層覆蓋產生光線之發光單元並延伸至覆蓋發光單元之側壁,使得發光二極體晶片所產生之白光色溫不會隨著角度的不同而有所改變,進而解決習知發光二極體封裝結構所射出光線之色溫隨著角度之不同而不同之問題。並且,本發明另於發光二極體晶片中設置一電流堵塞層於發光單元之P型摻雜層與P型接觸電極之間,且對應於N型接觸電極之垂直位置,以強迫通入發光二極體晶片之電流往發光單元之中央流通,進而避免發光單元之側壁射出光線,藉此僅需於發光單元上覆蓋光轉換層,即可使發光二極體晶片產生均勻色溫之光線,且朝發光二極體晶片之頂部射出。In summary, the light-emitting diode chip of the present invention has a light-converting layer of uniform thickness, and the light-converting layer covers the light-emitting unit that generates light and extends to cover the sidewall of the light-emitting unit, so that the white light generated by the light-emitting diode chip The color temperature does not change with the angle, so that the color temperature of the light emitted by the conventional LED package structure is different depending on the angle. In addition, the present invention further provides a current blocking layer between the P-type doped layer and the P-type contact electrode of the light-emitting unit in the light-emitting diode chip, and corresponds to the vertical position of the N-type contact electrode to force the light into the light. The current of the diode chip flows to the center of the light-emitting unit, thereby preventing the side wall of the light-emitting unit from emitting light, thereby only covering the light-converting layer on the light-emitting unit, so that the light-emitting diode wafer can generate light of uniform color temperature, and It is emitted toward the top of the light-emitting diode chip.
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例,凡依本發明申請專利範圍所做之均等變化與修飾,皆應屬本發明之涵蓋範圍。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all changes and modifications made to the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.
10...白光發光二極體封裝結構10. . . White light emitting diode package structure
12...凹槽12. . . Groove
14...膠體14. . . colloid
16...導電架16. . . Conductive frame
18...藍光二極體晶片18. . . Blue diode chip
20...螢光膠體20. . . Fluorescent colloid
22...金屬導線twenty two. . . Metal wire
100...發光二極體晶片100. . . Light-emitting diode chip
102...基板102. . . Substrate
104...第一發光單元104. . . First lighting unit
106...第一光轉換層106. . . First light conversion layer
108...P型接觸電極108. . . P-type contact electrode
110...P型摻雜層110. . . P-doped layer
112...主動層112. . . Active layer
114...N型摻雜層114. . . N-doped layer
116...N型接觸電極116. . . N-type contact electrode
118...金屬接墊118. . . Metal pad
120...膠體120. . . colloid
122...螢光粉122. . . Fluorescent powder
124...第一方向124. . . First direction
126...第二方向126. . . Second direction
150...發光二極體晶片150. . . Light-emitting diode chip
152...螢光層152. . . Fluorescent layer
154...螢光層154. . . Fluorescent layer
160...發光二極體晶片160. . . Light-emitting diode chip
162...螢光層162. . . Fluorescent layer
164...螢光層164. . . Fluorescent layer
166...螢光層166. . . Fluorescent layer
168...濾光層168. . . Filter layer
200...發光二極體晶片200. . . Light-emitting diode chip
202...電流堵塞層202. . . Current blocking layer
300...發光二極體晶片300. . . Light-emitting diode chip
302...導電插塞302. . . Conductive plug
304...金屬接墊304. . . Metal pad
350...發光二極體晶片350. . . Light-emitting diode chip
352...電流堵塞層352. . . Current blocking layer
400...發光二極體晶片400. . . Light-emitting diode chip
402...透明基板402. . . Transparent substrate
500...發光二極體晶片500. . . Light-emitting diode chip
502...第二發光單元502. . . Second lighting unit
550‧‧‧發光二極體晶片550‧‧‧Light Emitter Wafer
552‧‧‧第二光轉換層552‧‧‧Second light conversion layer
600‧‧‧發光二極體晶片600‧‧‧Light Emitting Diode Wafer
602‧‧‧第一發光單元602‧‧‧ first lighting unit
604‧‧‧第二發光單元604‧‧‧second lighting unit
606‧‧‧P型接觸電極606‧‧‧P type contact electrode
608‧‧‧N型接觸電極608‧‧‧N type contact electrode
610‧‧‧P型接觸電極610‧‧‧P type contact electrode
612‧‧‧N型接觸電極612‧‧‧N type contact electrode
614‧‧‧第一電極614‧‧‧First electrode
616‧‧‧第二電極616‧‧‧second electrode
700‧‧‧發光二極體封裝結構700‧‧‧Light emitting diode package structure
702‧‧‧導線架702‧‧‧ lead frame
704‧‧‧發光二極體晶片704‧‧‧Light Diode Wafer
706‧‧‧導線706‧‧‧ wire
708‧‧‧封裝膠體708‧‧‧Package colloid
710‧‧‧第一引腳710‧‧‧First pin
712‧‧‧第二引腳712‧‧‧second pin
714‧‧‧承載部714‧‧‧Loading Department
716‧‧‧第一電極716‧‧‧First electrode
718‧‧‧第二電極718‧‧‧second electrode
720‧‧‧導電膠720‧‧‧ conductive adhesive
第1圖為習知白光發光二極體封裝結構剖面示意圖。Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional white light emitting diode package structure.
第2圖為本發明第一實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting diode wafer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
第3圖為本發明第一實施例之發光二極體晶片之上視示意圖。Figure 3 is a top plan view of a light-emitting diode wafer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
第4圖與第5圖為本發明第一實施例之發光二極體晶片之其他實施態樣的剖面示意圖。4 and 5 are cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the light emitting diode chip according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
第6圖為本發明第二實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting diode wafer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
第7圖為本發明第三實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting diode wafer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
第8圖為本發明第三實施例之發光二極體晶片之另一實施態樣的剖面示意圖。Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a light-emitting diode wafer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
第9圖為本發明第四實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting diode wafer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
第10圖為本發明第五實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting diode wafer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
第11圖為本發明第六實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting diode wafer according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
第12圖為本發明第七實施例之發光二極體晶片之剖面示意圖。Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a light-emitting diode wafer according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
第13圖為本發明一實施例之發光二極體封裝結構之剖面示意圖。Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view showing a light emitting diode package structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
100...發光二極體晶片100. . . Light-emitting diode chip
102...基板102. . . Substrate
104...第一發光單元104. . . First lighting unit
106...第一光轉換層106. . . First light conversion layer
108...P型接觸電極108. . . P-type contact electrode
110...P型摻雜層110. . . P-doped layer
112...主動層112. . . Active layer
114...N型摻雜層114. . . N-doped layer
116...N型接觸電極116. . . N-type contact electrode
118...金屬接墊118. . . Metal pad
120...膠體120. . . colloid
122...螢光粉122. . . Fluorescent powder
124...第一方向124. . . First direction
126...第二方向126. . . Second direction
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