TWI389695B - 功能性奈米粒子抗生素及其製法 - Google Patents
功能性奈米粒子抗生素及其製法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI389695B TWI389695B TW097106729A TW97106729A TWI389695B TW I389695 B TWI389695 B TW I389695B TW 097106729 A TW097106729 A TW 097106729A TW 97106729 A TW97106729 A TW 97106729A TW I389695 B TWI389695 B TW I389695B
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- Prior art keywords
- vancomycin
- nanoparticle
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- gold
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- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims description 120
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 title description 26
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 title description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-N vancomycin Chemical class O([C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=C2C=C3C=C1OC1=CC=C(C=C1Cl)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C(N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]3C(=O)N[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(N[C@@H](C3=CC(O)=CC(O)=C3C=3C(O)=CC=C1C=3)C(O)=O)=O)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C(C(=C1)Cl)O2)=O)NC(=O)[C@@H](CC(C)C)NC)[C@H]1C[C@](C)(N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 MYPYJXKWCTUITO-LYRMYLQWSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
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- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/14—Peptides containing saccharide radicals; Derivatives thereof, e.g. bleomycin, phleomycin, muramylpeptides or vancomycin
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/51—Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
- A61K9/5107—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/5115—Inorganic compounds
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/51—Nanocapsules; Nanoparticles
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/0624—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment for eliminating microbes, germs, bacteria on or in the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N2005/0658—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the wavelength of light used
- A61N2005/0659—Radiation therapy using light characterised by the wavelength of light used infrared
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/06—Radiation therapy using light
- A61N5/0601—Apparatus for use inside the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
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- A61N5/0613—Apparatus adapted for a specific treatment
- A61N5/062—Photodynamic therapy, i.e. excitation of an agent
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Description
本發明係有關於一種新穎之功能性奈米粒子抗生素及其製造方法,尤其是一種表面具有抗生素修飾之奈米粒子。
針對目前在環境或醫療過程中可能感染的常見致病菌,不論是內科治療或是外科手術後避免感染,臨床上大多是施以抗生素的方式來達到治療的目的。所謂抗生素,原是指由真菌中萃取出來,可以殺死細菌或抑制細菌生長之物質,盤尼西林是人類醫學紀錄上第一個被廣泛應用的抗生素,它的發現對疾病治療是一項重大的突破,使很多原本無藥可醫的疾病,因而得以治療,幾乎被視為萬靈丹。
目前可以有效殺死細菌的抗生素約有一千多種,包括由從微生物的培養液中提取的、以及各式合成或半合成的產品,由衛生署的統計可知在臨床上經常使用的抗生素約有一百五十種。但隨著抗生素的濫用,多數細菌逐漸演化成具有抗藥性的菌株,因此亟需發展更有效,並且能夠即時抑制多種細菌生長的藥物來對抗病原菌感染的威脅。
目前臨床上遇到有抗藥性之細菌時,會使用所謂的最後一線藥物,亦即萬古黴素(Vancomycin),因為萬古黴素的藥力較強,因此在其他抗生素對病菌無效時才會被使用。一般來說,萬古黴素主要是用來抑制像腸球菌、鏈球菌及葡萄球菌等革蘭氏陽性菌生長之抗生素,其可以破壞細胞壁的合成,使得細菌新生的細胞壁鬆散而無法抵抗菌體內強大的逆滲透壓,最後導致菌體破裂而達到殺菌目的。但因臨床濫用抗生素的情形下,往往最後防線之萬古黴素也被早期使用,使得許多細菌亦對萬古黴素產生抗藥性,例如具有抗藥性的抗萬古黴素腸球菌(vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus,VRE),將使得臨床感染之問題更加嚴重,造成傳染病防治的隱憂。
世界衛生組織曾針對傳染性疾病致病菌抗藥性問題所提出報告,如再不正視抗生素濫用之問題,未來小至喉病、耳炎,大至瘧疾、肺結核等,原先可被治癒的疾病,都將變成無藥可醫;當前人類能用現有之抗生素治療感染病的時間,只剩下十年至二十年。
職是之故,本發明鑑於現今濫用抗生素而導致細菌產生抗藥性之問題嚴重,提出一種新穎之功能性奈米粒子抗生素及其製造方法。以下為本發明之簡要說明。
本發明係提供一種新穎之功能性奈米粒子抗生素及其製造方法,尤其是一種表面具有抗生素修飾之奈米粒子,以解決臨床上普遍存在之細菌抗藥性之問題。依據本發明之方法所合成之具有近紅外光波長吸收能力的奈米粒子,其表面經由抗生素分子修飾後,能辨識致病細菌,並藉由照射近紅外光雷射光源達到即時熱療殺菌的效果,因此能有效抑制目前常見的致病菌及具有多重抗藥性細菌的生長。
本發明之一目的在於提供一種功能性奈米粒子抗生素,包括一奈米粒子與一抗生素,該抗生素係用於辨識細菌,且該抗生素係透過共價鍵結修飾於該奈米粒子之表面。
依據本發明之一實施例,該奈米粒子係能吸收近紅外光之波長。
較佳地,該奈米粒子係為金屬奈米粒子、內核-外殼形式之奈米粒子或具磁性之奈米粒子複合材料。
更佳地,該奈米粒子係為金奈米粒子或包覆金殼之氧化矽奈米粒子。
依據本發明之另一實施例,該抗生素係可辨識革蘭氏陽性菌或革蘭氏陰性菌。
較佳地,該抗生素係可辨識抗萬古黴素之細菌。
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種製造功能性奈米粒子抗生素之方法,包括提供一具有奈米粒子之溶液,製備一具有抗生素之溶液,以及將該抗生素溶液與該奈米粒子溶液進行反應,使該抗生素以共價鍵結修飾於該奈米粒子之表面。
依據本發明之一實施例,該奈米粒子係為金屬奈米粒子、內核-外殼形式之奈米粒子或具磁性之奈米粒子複合材料。
較佳地,該奈米粒子係為金奈米粒子或包覆金殼之氧化矽奈米粒子。
依據本發明之另一實施例,該抗生素係為萬古黴素。
較佳地,該萬古黴素係為具有雙硫基之萬古黴素二聚體(Vancomycin dimer)。
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種使用本發明之抗生素以抑制細菌感染之方法,包括對有需要之個體使用有效劑量之該抗生素,以及對該個體照射近紅外光源。
依據本發明之一實施例,該近紅外光源係為雷射光源。
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種抑制細菌感染之醫藥組合物,該組合物包括本發明之抗生素及藥學上可接受之載體。
較佳地,該載體可為藥學上可接受之溶液、賦形劑或黏著劑。
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種使用本發明之醫藥組合物以抑制細菌感染之方法,包括對有需要之個體使用有效劑量之該組合物,以及對該個體照射近紅外光雷射光源。
為了解決細菌對於抗生素產生抗藥性之問題,本發明係結合抗生素與光熱療法(Photothermal therapy,PTT)或光動力療法(Photodynamic therapy,PDT)之效果,透過抗生素辨識細菌體,再由光熱療法達成殺死細菌之目的,增加抑菌之效果。
所謂近紅外光光熱療法主要是利用具有近紅外光(NIR)吸收的奈米粒子或有機分子會因為吸收特定波長範圍的能量後導致顯著的熱效應,因此可以針對具有辨識性的組織細胞產生局部升溫的現象,因而破壞或抑制該細胞的生長。目前研究的奈米材料中,最為廣泛利用且細胞毒性較小的即為金奈米粒子(Gold nanoparticles),但相關應用仍然存在一些缺點及更值得發展的地方,例如多數利用近紅外光雷射為光源的熱療法均著重在抑制癌細胞的生長,但相對於細胞來說,耐熱程度較高的致病菌卻尚未有相關抑制或殺死細菌的研究或應用。本發明為了解決細菌抗藥性之問題,乃結合具有近紅外光吸收的奈米粒子以及可辨識細菌之抗生素分子,以製備本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素。
近年來光熱療法的發展不同於以往使用具有吸光性質的有機小分子,逐漸轉而利用金奈米粒子在可見光波長520 nm附近有極佳吸收的特性,或是合成具有近紅外光吸收之包覆金殼的二氧化矽奈米粒子,再配合固定波長和輸出功率的可見光或近紅外光脈衝雷射(Agar laser、Nd:YAG laser),使奈米粒子在短時間內(ns)吸收雷射能量後再以熱的方式傳遞到表面,迫使被奈米粒子辨識到的目標物細胞因為溫度升高或因高熱使周圍產生氣泡導致壓力的改變而造成損傷或死亡,這方面的研究通常是先在奈米粒子表面修飾上與特定癌細胞表面抗原具有辨識性的抗體,或是針對單一種細菌表面特殊蛋白質具有辨識性的免疫球蛋白,使這些做為光熱試劑的奈米粒子能夠藉由專一性辨識的過程貼近目標物細胞的表面,因而提升光熱治療的效率。但是其缺點則在於可見光的波長對於組織細胞來說本身具有良好的吸收,因此若是欲達到表皮以下數公分深度的光熱治療,勢必要選擇穿透率較佳的近紅外光光源,同時利用抗生素具有辨識多種細菌之性質,便能提高本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素應用上的廣效性。
可用於本發明之奈米粒子,包括但不限於金屬奈米粒子、內核-外殼形式之奈米粒子或具磁性之奈米粒子複合材料;其中,最常應用者係為金奈米粒子。金奈米粒子在生物及分析方面的應用相當廣泛,最主要是因為它們具有光穩定性、較低的生物毒性以及容易進行表面抗體或蛋白質的修飾等優點;此外,藉由改變不同大小、形狀或核/殼厚度的比例,會使得這類奈米粒子表面電漿共振吸收的波長產生紅位移的現象,甚至可以達到近紅外光吸收的範圍(700 nm~1300 nm)。但要合成具有近紅外光吸收的奈米粒子最常使用的方法是以界面活性劑或高分子做為外包覆劑,但這些化學物質對於生物體來說是具有細胞毒性,且這類方法合成的奈米粒子表面不易進行生物分子的修飾。而另外一種方法則是以光化學的方式合成,但依然是需要仰賴界面活性劑的使用,並且照光時間長達12~48小時,因此在技術上確實有其不便之處。
此外,除了金奈米粒子,內核-外殼形式之奈米粒子或具磁性之奈米粒子複合材料亦可應用於本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素。以包覆金殼之氧化矽奈米粒子為例,製備內核-外殼形式之奈米粒子係先將二氧化矽奈米粒子表面修飾帶正電性的官能基,接著再以正負電相吸的方式,將帶有負電性的金奈米晶種(gold seed)吸附在其表面,最後進行還原反應,使吸附晶種的二氧化矽奈米粒子表面包覆一層金殼;以同樣的方式,若欲合成具有磁性之奈米粒子,則是在吸附晶種前先吸附具有磁性的氧化鐵奈米粒子即可。這類內核-外殼形式之奈米粒子複合材料仰賴中心核(二氧化矽)以及外殼(金)在厚度達到特定的比值時,就能夠具有近紅外光波長之吸收。於一較佳實施例中,金殼之厚度亦為奈米等級。
綜上所述,最佳的光熱療法試劑應該是以具有近紅外光吸收之奈米粒子為基本組成,且其表面易於進行生物辨識分子之修飾。依據本發明之方法所提供之功能性奈米粒子抗生素,同時具有以上二種優點,可以透過光熱療法之補強,避免細菌抗藥性之問題。對於初期感染者來說,針對致病細菌的感染與蔓延,如果能夠快速有效的藉由光熱療法抑制細菌的生長,就有機會避免菌血症或敗血症的併發。
本發明所提出能吸收近紅外光波長且表面修飾抗生素(例如,萬古黴素)的奈米粒子,能夠辨識多種致病菌,包括非抗藥性的金黃色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus
)、化膿性鏈球菌(Streptococcus pyogenes
)、大腸桿菌(Escherichia coli
(urinarytract infections,UTI)、E.coli
O157:H7)、鮑氏不動桿菌(Acinetobacter baumannii
)、以及抗藥性的抗萬古黴素腸球菌(vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus
,VRE)、抗甲氧苯青黴素金黃葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistantS.aureus
,MRSA)以及全抗藥性AB菌(pan-drug resistantA.baumannii
,PDRAB),並且在短時間(例如,數分鐘之內)以低能量(200 mW/cm2
)的紅外光雷射照射下,能有效的殺死絕大多數的細菌(>99%)。且利用近紅外光波長不易被細胞組織液所吸收的特性,也提供了本發明設計上能達到較深的組織穿透進行光熱治療的可行性。相較於目前利用可見光脈衝雷射的殺菌效果,本發明之萬古黴素修飾奈米粒子具有更好的細菌辨識性,同時所使用的雷射能量低、穿透性佳,若是更進一步應用在臨床試驗上能抑制細菌的生長,相信可對於細菌感染的病患提供更快速且有效的輔助治療方式。
可應用於本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素之抗生素種類並不受限制,只要能透過共價鍵結方式修飾於本發明之奈米粒子表面之任何抗生素均可適用。以萬古黴素為例,係利用合成具有硫官能基的萬古黴素,與奈米粒子之表面形成硫-金共價鍵來進行修飾,即可製備本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素。
本發明之奈米粒子由於具有較大的比表面積,且表面修飾上可辨認細菌的抗生素(例如,萬古黴素)後,能有效地使其具有辨識致病細菌細胞壁之效果。而以近紅外光雷射為光源、奈米粒子為吸收能量的媒介,能夠在短時間內因為細菌表面受到奈米粒子局部放熱,導致大多數細菌的死亡。
本發明所提供之功能性奈米粒子抗生素及其製法,將可由以下的實施例說明而得到充分瞭解,並使得具有本技術領域之通常知識者可以據以完成之,然本發明之實施型態並不限制於下列實施例中。
合成本發明之功能性奈米粒子之流程示意圖係如第1圖所示,請參照步驟101:首先,秤取0.0402公克的草酸鈉(Na2
C2
O4
),溶於3毫升(mL)的去離子水中,配成濃度0.1 M的草酸水溶液,再取65微升(μL)逐滴加入裝有9.7毫升去離子水的石英瓶中,該石英瓶之外側係包覆一層錫箔紙以避免照光。接著將溶液稍微搖晃,並逐滴加入事先配好的四氯金酸水溶液HAuCl4
(0.01 M,0.3毫升),最後將瓶口用石蠟膜包覆後,置於紫外燈(波長306 nm,8 W)照射下以250 rpm/min轉速均勻搖晃反應50分鐘,即完成金奈米粒子的製備,最後再以2500 rpm轉速離心20分鐘,將上層液除去,保留被離心下的金奈米粒子溶液0.2毫升備用。
如第1圖之步驟102所示,首先參考Sundram等人之方法以製備具有雙硫基之萬古黴素二聚體(VancOmycindimer)水溶液(J.Am.Chem.Soc.
1996,118
,13107-13108)。接著在20毫升體積的玻璃瓶中先加入0.6毫升、濃度為0.1毫克/毫升的萬古黴素二聚體水溶液,接著逐滴將先前合成好的金奈米粒子溶液(0.2毫升)慢慢滴入此溶液中,同時將玻璃瓶以50 rpm/min的轉速水平搖晃反應12小時(如第1圖之步驟103)。之後取出反應完修飾有萬古黴素的金奈米粒子(Au@van),以6000 rpm離心20分鐘,移去上層液,再加入0.6毫升去離子水清洗,然後以6000 rpm再離心一次,最後將下層的Au@van重新懸浮於0.2毫升的去離子水中即完成金奈米粒子上修飾萬古黴素之製備(即第1圖之步驟104)。
第2圖係為金奈米粒子被萬古黴素修飾之前與之後的紫外光(UV)吸收圖。從第2圖可以看出,金奈米粒子之表面利用硫金共價鍵修飾上萬古黴素之後,最大吸收波長有往長波長位移,此現象代表萬古黴素確實有修飾在金奈米上,導致其表面自由電子共振頻率不同,而影響了最大吸收的波長。
第3圖則為萬古黴素尚未修飾於金奈米粒子前以及修飾於金奈米粒子後,在移除溶液中的金奈米粒子後所測得之紫外光吸收光譜圖變化。一般而言,萬古黴素的紫外光吸收最大波長在280 nm,因此可以由吸收值的下降量,再將此數值帶入原始萬古黴素的校正曲線,就可以得知平均多少毫克的金奈米粒子共修飾了有多少mole的萬古黴素;於本實施例中,平均修飾量大約是1毫克金奈米粒子修飾上30 nmole的萬古黴素分子。
因此,由第2圖與第3圖,分別得到金奈米粒子修飾前後的紫外光吸收變化,以及萬古黴素本身的吸收值下降量,都相互證實萬古黴素確實有修飾在金奈米粒子上,亦即,有效製備本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素。
首先用接種環沾取部份培養盤內的菌落,移到胰蛋白酶大豆瓊脂(Tryptic Soy Broth,TSB)的培養液中(取12克的TSB粉末,以及2克的酵母粉(Yeast)溶解在400毫升的去離子水中,在以高溫高壓滅菌後冷卻至室溫備用),在37℃,150 rpm轉速下培養8小時。取出部份菌液,利用滅菌過的TSB稀釋到透光度值之O.D.600
=1,再取1毫升裝在微量離心管(Eppendorf tube)中,以2100 rpm離心5分鐘,將上清液移除後,再加入1毫升滅菌過的PBS緩衝液(buffer),濃度約0.1 mM,以渦動(vortex)方式清洗多餘的TSB,重複此清洗步驟2次,最後將菌液懸浮在1毫升的PBS緩衝溶液中。PBS緩衝溶液係混合40.5毫升,0.2M的磷酸氫二鈉(Na2
HPO4
)與9.5毫升,0.2M的磷酸二氫納(NaH2
PO4
)(pH=7.4),再將其濃度稀釋為0.1mM製備。
以吸光度值之O.D.600
=1的細菌溶液,以PBS緩衝液將八種細菌序列稀釋到適當倍率(104
~105
cells/mL)後,分別取55微升細菌加入內含有0.1毫升Au@van溶液的Eppendorf試管中混合,在室溫下靜置15分鐘,使修飾上萬古黴素的金奈米粒子能夠辨識目標細菌。第4圖中之(a),(b),(c),(d)係為依照本發明之實施例所得之金奈米粒子和有修飾萬古黴素之金奈米粒子辨識抗萬古黴素腸球菌(VRE)及全抗藥性AB菌(PDRAB)之電子顯微鏡圖,可清楚見到修飾萬古黴素之金奈米粒子能有效辨識2種細菌,集中於細菌表面。
接著將此微量離心管移至距離NIR雷射光源4.5公分處照射5分鐘,最後用微量吸管(pipette)將微量離心管中的液體全部取出塗盤,於37℃環境中培養8~12小時,其結果係如第5圖所示,相較於對照組,金奈米粒子與修飾萬古黴素之金奈米粒子均能抑制細菌生長。
計算剩餘細菌生長的菌落數,並比較對照組實驗(只培養在PBS緩衝液),和未修飾萬古黴素的金奈米粒子的結果,可推算出細菌的存活比率(Survival rate),結果列於表一。
在表一,N0
表示起始的細菌數目,而N為存活之細菌數目。由表一之結果可知,雖然金奈米粒子與修飾萬古黴素之金奈米粒子均能抑制細菌生長,但修飾萬古黴素之金奈米粒子抑制細菌生長之效果非常顯著。
本發明所提出之功能性奈米粒子抗生素,具有吸收近紅外光的特性,並且對於近紅外光雷射能量的吸收效率佳,導致金奈米粒子有局部性明顯的溫度提升,而金奈米粒子表面修飾上能辨識細菌的萬古黴素,因為本發明之金奈米粒子比表面積大的優點,所以在多個萬古黴素分子的作用下,本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素可發展成為一種具有高度辨識各類致病菌及抗藥性細菌的藥物,同時又能夠藉由近紅外雷射的照射下產生足夠的熱,在極短的時間內(短於5分鐘),達到99%以上的細菌致死率,在臨床治療上相當具有發展的潛力。
以上所述僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已,並非用以限定本發明之申請專利範圍;凡其它未脫離本發明所揭示之精神下所完成之等效改變或修飾,均應包含在下述之申請專利範圍內。
101...合成奈米粒子溶液
102...製備具活性之抗生素溶液
103...將奈米粒子溶液加入抗生素溶液反應
104...製備本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素
第1圖係為製備本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素之流程示意圖。
第2圖係為本發明之奈米粒子於抗生素修飾前後之紫外光-可見光之吸收光譜圖。
第3圖係為本發明之抗生素於修飾於奈米粒子前後之紫外光之吸收光譜圖。
第4圖中之(a),(b),(c),(d)係為本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素辨識不同菌株之電子顯微鏡圖。
第5圖係為依據本發明實施例之細菌照射近紅外光後塗盤培養之培養盤照片。
101...合成奈米粒子溶液
102...製備具活性之抗生素溶液
103...將奈米粒子溶液加入抗生素溶液反應
104...製備本發明之功能性奈米粒子抗生素
Claims (3)
- 一種可吸收近紅外光波長的含萬古黴素二聚體之金奈米粒子醫藥組合物,至少包含:一金奈米粒子;一具有雙硫基之萬古黴素二聚體,其中該具有雙硫基之萬古黴素二聚體修飾於該金奈米粒子上,一修飾量約係1毫克金奈米粒子修飾約30 nmole的萬古黴素分子,該具有雙硫基之該萬古黴素二聚體係以一硫-金共價鍵結合於該金奈米粒子之表面;以及一載體,該載體係由一溶液、一賦形劑以及一黏著劑群組中所選出。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之可吸收近紅外光波長的含萬古黴素二聚體之金奈米粒子醫藥組合物,其中該金奈米粒子更包含包覆金殼之氧化矽奈米粒子。
- 一種製造如請求項1醫藥組合物的方法,至少包含:提供一具有奈米粒子之溶液,包含:秤取一草酸鈉溶於一去離子水中以配成一草酸水溶液;稀釋該草酸水溶液且避免照光;逐滴加入該草酸水溶液於一四氯金酸水溶液中,置於一紫外燈下且均勻搖晃反應;進行一離心程序以獲得一金奈米粒子溶液;製備具有一萬古黴素之溶液,包含:提供一萬古黴素二聚體水溶液;逐滴滴入該金奈米粒子溶液於該萬古黴素二聚 體水溶液並進行一水平搖晃反應;該萬古黴素二聚體反應修飾於該金奈米粒子上,一修飾量約係1毫克金奈米粒子修飾約30 nmole的萬古黴素分子;以及加入一載體,該載體係由一溶液、一賦形劑以及一黏著劑群組中所選出,藉以形成該可吸收近紅外光波長的含萬古黴素二聚體之金奈米粒子醫藥組合物的方法。
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US9144383B2 (en) | 2007-12-13 | 2015-09-29 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Device and method for in vivo noninvasive magnetic manipulation of circulating objects in bioflows |
US20090156932A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 | 2009-06-18 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Device and method for in vivo flow cytometry using the detection of photoacoustic waves |
US9451884B2 (en) | 2007-12-13 | 2016-09-27 | Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Device and method for in vivo detection of clots within circulatory vessels |
WO2014052449A1 (en) | 2012-09-25 | 2014-04-03 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas | Device and method for in vivo photoacoustic diagnosis and photothermal purging of infected blood |
US9993660B2 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2018-06-12 | The United States of America as rep. by Secretary of the Navy | Method of using laser-induced optoacoustics for the treatment of drug-resistant microbial infections |
CA2970536C (en) | 2014-12-31 | 2023-09-26 | Vladimir Pavlovich Zharov | Devices and methods for fractionated photoacoustic flow cytometry |
US10022333B2 (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2018-07-17 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | Image-guided delivery of a mixture of bacteria and non-bacteria linked nanoparticles |
CN110237234A (zh) * | 2019-07-04 | 2019-09-17 | 鲁东大学 | 一种万古霉素修饰的硫化铜纳米颗粒的制备方法 |
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