TWI386551B - Windmill tower and wind power plant - Google Patents

Description

Tower column for windmills and wind power generation device

The present invention relates to a column column (pillar) for a single-column windmill, and a wind power generator including the column for the windmill.

The wind turbine generator is a device in which a rotor head including a wind turbine blade is rotated by a wind, and the rotation is increased by a speed increaser to drive a generator to generate electric power.

The rotor head system described above is attached to an end portion of a nacelle that is provided on a windmill column (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a "column") and can be steered, and is supported so as to be substantially horizontally horizontal. The direction of rotation of the axis of rotation rotates.

In general, most of the above-described windmill towers are made of a steel single column type using a cylindrical casing. In such a steel single-column column, a cylindrical steel casing is used as a main strength member, so that the outer diameter of the casing can be increased to increase the section efficiency. Therefore, in the range in which the steel single-column column can be reduced in weight, it is preferable to make the outer diameter of the casing as large as possible.

On the other hand, the tower for a wind power generator is also a truss structure, and in order to attenuate the phenomenon of resonance vibration caused by a non-periodic gust or a sustained high-speed wind, A technical solution is proposed in which at least one of the member in the longitudinal direction and the diagonal member is regarded as an attenuating member. (Example: Please refer to Patent Document 1)

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2008-540918

In recent years, wind power generators tend to increase the length of blades of wind turbine blades and tend to increase in size. Therefore, as the column becomes higher, it is unavoidable that the weight of the nacelle disposed at the upper end of the column also increases.

On the other hand, the outer dimensions of the column are limited, for example, by the length and width of the transport path, and by the weight of the transportable transport of the transport, etc. limitation factor. Therefore, in the design stage of the tower column, the outer dimensions of the tower column are as large as possible within the range of restrictions such as transportation, and, for the required rigidity, The thickness of the shell of the tower is adjusted (thickened) to ensure the required rigidity.

However, if the wind power generation device tends to be large, the rigidity required for the column is also increased, and there is a limit to the corresponding method of increasing the outer diameter of the column. It is also conceivable that: The thickness of the housing plate exceeds the range of plate thicknesses that can be made.

Further, the construction of the wind power generator is based on the steps of connecting the plurality of column section members to form a column of a desired height, and then installing a machine such as a nacelle at the uppermost portion of the completed column. To be implemented, at each stage of construction, the height of the column and the weight added to the column will change, so the resonant wind speed of the column will vary with each stage of construction.

In addition, wind power plants are usually composed of a plurality of (majority) windmills. Based on the efficiency of construction work and the reduction of construction costs, sometimes the construction steps are to use a large crane to set up the engine room. Before the machine, a small crane crane was used to construct a part of the tower section components. In the case of such a method, the period in which it is placed is increased in the middle of the construction. Therefore, depending on the difference in the resonance wind speed in this state, measures for limiting the length of the placement period and the like are required.

Based on this technical background, in a single-column column of a wind power generator that is loaded by a column case such as steel, it is necessary to reduce the load acting on the column housing to reduce As the size of the outer diameter of the wind power generation device and the increase in the thickness of the casing plate are minimized, it is also necessary to suppress the deformation of the column during the mid-stage of construction, so as to be able to The restrictions on construction work are minimized.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a tower for a windmill and a wind power generator including the tower for the windmill. The windmill tower is connected to a wind power generator having a single column column, and the horizontal force received by the upper part of the tower column can be dispersed to the lower part of the tower column or the tower column foundation to reduce the load acting on the column column shell. And suppressing deformation of the column caused by external force.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following technical means.

The tower for a windmill according to the present invention is mainly a single-column windmill column that bears a load by a column housing, and is characterized in that it has a column inner space that is connected to an inner wall of the column housing. a platform that is divided in the up-and-down direction; an elastic support body that is fixedly mounted on the platform or the tower base at one end; is disposed in the inner space of the tower column, and has the other end of the elastic support body and the elasticity The aforementioned platform or tower foundation at a position opposite the support is joined to transfer horizontal forces from the aforementioned elastic support to the aforementioned column housing or the load transfer member of the aforementioned tower foundation.

According to the present invention, there is provided a platform which is connected to the inner wall of the column housing and which divides the inner space of the column in the vertical direction; and an elastic support body which is fixedly mounted on the platform or the column base at one end. Provided in the inner space of the column column for coupling the other end of the elastic support body and the platform or tower foundation located at a position opposite to the elastic support body to level the elastic support body The force is transmitted to the load-carrying member of the tower casing or the tower foundation. Therefore, the horizontal force received by the upper part of the tower can be dispersed to the lower part of the tower or the tower foundation, in addition to reducing the effect on the column shell. In addition to the load in the body, the deformation of the tower column due to external forces can be suppressed.

In the above invention, the elastic support body is preferably a laminated rubber having a shock-absorbing function that is mounted in a pre-compressed state by the load transmitting member, so that even a tensile tensile force acts on the elastic support. The body can also prevent the laminated rubber from peeling off.

In the above invention, the column housing has a joint portion for joining the plurality of column section members, and the load transfer member is between the different column section members and the tower. Preferably, the column housings are joined, whereby the load acting on the joint portion can be reduced.

In the above invention, the elastic modulus of the elastic support can be set in accordance with a desired decrease in the load acting on the column housing.

In other words, by considering the elastic coefficient of the elastic support body in a manner that has a moderate suppression effect on the deformation caused by the external force at the completion and at the middle of the construction, the restriction on the construction work can be alleviated. .

In the wind power generator of the present invention, when the wind turbine blade is subjected to wind power, the rotor head that rotates toward the periphery of the substantially horizontal rotation axis drives the generator provided inside the nacelle to generate electric power, and is characterized in that:

The tower for a windmill according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, wherein the nacelle is provided at the upper end of the tower column.

According to the wind turbine generator of the present invention, it is possible to provide the tower for a windmill according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present application, which is based on the present invention. The wind turbine uses the upper end of the tower to set up the nacelle. The horizontal force received by the upper part of the windmill tower can be dispersed into the lower part of the tower column or the tower foundation by the elastic support body, thereby reducing the effect on the column column housing. The load can be suppressed, and the deformation of the tower column due to the external force can be suppressed. Therefore, the increase in the outer diameter of the column and the thickness of the casing plate can be minimized, and the limitation of the transportation limit can be avoided. It is possible to increase the size of the wind power generation device.

According to the invention as described above, it is possible to disperse the horizontal force received in the upper portion of the column column to the lower portion of the column column or the column column base to reduce the load applied to the column column casing and to suppress the column column caused by the external force. A single-column windmill tower and a wind power generator including such a windmill tower. As a result, it is possible to minimize the increase in the outer diameter of the column and the thickness of the casing plate due to the increase in size of the wind power generator, and to avoid various restrictions such as the transportation limit. A significant effect of increasing the size of the wind power generation device is achieved.

Further, by suppressing the deformation of the column caused by the external force at the respective construction stages of the wind power generator, the restrictions on the construction work can be alleviated, and therefore, it can be easily applied to various construction methods.

[Best Mode of Carrying Out the Invention]

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a windmill column and a wind power generator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The wind power generator 1 shown in Fig. 4 includes a tower for a windmill (hereinafter simply referred to as a "column") that is installed on the tower foundation B, and a nacelle 3 that is installed at the upper end of the tower 2, and is It is provided at one end of the nacelle 3 and is supported by a rotor head 4 which is rotatable peripherally to a substantially horizontal transverse axis of rotation.

On the rotor head 4, a plurality of (for example, three) wind turbine blades 5 are radially mounted on the periphery of the rotation axis thereof. As a result, when wind from the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor head 4 blows against the wind turbine blade 5, the wind power is converted into power that urges the rotor head 4 to rotate toward the periphery of the rotation axis.

An appropriate portion (for example, an upper portion) of the outer peripheral surface of the nacelle 3 is provided with an anemometer 7 for measuring a peripheral wind speed value, and an anemometer 8 for measuring a wind direction.

The column 2 shown in Fig. 1 is a single-column column, mainly using a steel column housing 21 to carry the load, and the two column section members 2a, 2b are placed up and down by the bonding line L. Connect to each other in the direction to ensure the required height of the column.

Further, the number of the column section members constituting the column 2 (the number of divisions of the column 2) is not particularly limited as it varies depending on various conditions such as the height of the column 2 and the like.

The above-described column 2 has a platform 22 that is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical column housing 21 and that divides the internal space of the column in the vertical direction, and the one end is fixedly mounted on the platform 22 The support body 30 is disposed in the inner space of the column for connecting the other end of the elastic support body 30 and the platform 22 or the column base B to transfer the horizontal force from the elastic support body 30 to the column. The load transfer member 23 of the housing 22 or the column base B.

In other words, the illustrated column 2 includes three platforms 22 that can divide the internal space of the cylindrical column provided in the upper portion of the column base B in the vertical direction, and is divided into three. In the inner space of the column of each block of the block, an elastic support body 30 and a load transmitting member 23 for transmitting the horizontal force from the elastic support body 30 are disposed.

Further, the number of the stages 22 and the number of divisions of the internal space of the column are different depending on the height of the column 2 and the like, and therefore need not be particularly limited.

The platform 22 is a disk-shaped member that is fixed to the inner wall surface of the column section members 2a and 2b constituting the column 2, and can be used as a scaffold when the wind power generator 1 is constructed. . Such a platform 22 can be rigidly coupled to the inner peripheral surface of the tower 2 by, for example, welding the entire outer circumference of the circular plate. Further, on the platform 22, in addition to an opening through which a person can pass, an opening for a steel cable, an elevator or the like to pass through is required.

Further, the fixed position of the stage 22 is a position slightly shifted downward from the joint portion for connecting the column section members 2a and 2b. That is, in the configuration example of Fig. 1, the fixed position of the platform 22 closest to the joint portion is set to a position slightly lower than the dividing line L to which the column segment members 2a and 2b are connected.

The elastic support body 30 is made of, for example, a laminated rubber which contains a damping component in addition to an elastic component. The elastic support body 30 has one end connected to the column housing 21 via a platform 22, and one or a plurality of load transmitting members 23 connected to the other end side. In the illustrated structural example, the upper surface of one elastic support body 30 is fixed near the center of the lower surface side of each of the stages 22 (the axis center of the column 2).

The load connecting member 23 is a member made of a steel material or the like between the other end of the elastic support body 30 and the stage 22 or the column base B.

In the illustrated configuration example, four load connecting members 23 are coupled to one elastic support body 30. In this case, the four load connecting members 23 are separately disposed at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the stage 22, and the upper end side is fixed near the center position of the stage 22 by means of welding or bolts, and the lower end portion. The side is fixed to the vicinity of the outer peripheral end of the platform 22 by means of welding or bolting. In other words, the upper end side of the load connecting member 23 is coupled to the column housing 21 via the elastic support body 30.

As a result, each of the load connecting members 23 is inclined outward from the center of the column 2 toward the inner peripheral surface side. Further, the lower end portion of the load connecting member 23 provided at the lowermost stage is fixed to the column base B by welding or bolting, instead of being fixed to the stage 22.

In the column 2 of the present embodiment described above, the elastic support body 30 is disposed in the column 2, and the horizontal force received by the upper portion of the column 2 is dispersed to the column by the elastic support body 30, the load connecting member 23, and the platform 22. The lower portion of the column 2 or the column base B is to reduce the load applied to the column housing 21 and to suppress deformation of the column 2 caused by an external force.

The column 2 constructed in this manner, when the column 2 is subjected to a horizontal force, is, for example, in the manner shown in Fig. 2, the column housing 21 that receives the horizontal force such as the wind load or the like will Deformation will occur, as this deformation will cause the platform 22 to shift in a generally horizontal direction. At this time, since the horizontal displacement amounts at the positions of the respective stages 22 are different from each other, the position of the elastic support body 30 fixed to the stage 22 and the position at which the lower end of the load transmission member 23 is coupled to the stage 22 are A relative displacement will occur, but this relative displacement will cause the elastic support body 30 to deform, and its horizontal reaction force will be transmitted to the lower portion of the column housing 21 via the load transmitting member 23 and the platform 22.

That is, between the upper end position of the elastic support body 30 fixed to the lower surface of the stage 22 and the joint position of the upper end portion of the load transmitting member 23 on the elastic support body 30 (that is, the lower end position of the elastic support body 30) Since the lower end position of the elastic support body 30 is restricted by the load transmitting member 23, a relative displacement δ will occur between the upper end position and the lower end position of the elastic support body 30. This relative displacement δ will generate a horizontal force in the opposite direction to the external force acting on the column (the position where the elastic support body 30 is provided), thereby reducing the load at the position of the elastic support body 30, and the reaction force The load transfer member 23 is transmitted to the joint position of the lower end portion of the load transmitting member 23 and the column housing 21.

As a result, the load on the column housing 21 between the stage 22 located at the upper position of the elastic support body 30 and the platform 22 at the lower end of the load transmitting member 23 can be reduced to occur on the elastic support body 30. The weight of the horizontal power.

Therefore, by providing a plurality of combinations of the above-described platform 22, load transmitting member 23, and elastic support 30 (hereinafter collectively referred to as "elastic support assembly") in the column 2, the elastic support assembly can be reduced in one For the load acting on the column housing 21 between the platforms 22, the final result is that the horizontal component can be dispersed to the column base B.

Therefore, between the upper position of the elastic support body 30 and the lower position of the elastic support body 30 connecting the lower end of the load transmitting member 23 to the column 2, the load applied to the column housing 21 is lowered, The thickness of the casing plate of the column housing 21 can be reduced. Therefore, between the upper position of the elastic support body 30 and the lower position of the elastic support body 30 connecting the load transmitting member 23 to the column 2, the required strength can be obtained even if the thickness of the casing plate is reduced.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, since the elastic support body 30 functions as a function to reduce the load acting on the column housing 21 for each of the elastic support members, it is subjected to the action when the wind power generator 1 is operated. The horizontal force of the horizontal direction can also reduce the response displacement of the column 2 . Further, when the wind power generator 1 is being built, even if the elastic support body assembly is assembled first in the middle of the construction of the tower 2, the response displacement of the tower 2 can be reduced, so that the construction conditions can be alleviated. That is, it is possible to alleviate the installation conditions (for example, the mid-stage of construction, the allowable time for the same assembly state, etc.) or the undesired state and condition at the time of assembly and construction of the column 2, thereby allowing softness Flexible construction.

At this time, the ratio of the upper horizontal force to the lower portion can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the elastic modulus of the elastic support body 30, or can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the elastic modulus and the damping characteristic of the elastic support body 30. The number of natural vibrations of the column 2 . The elastic modulus and damping characteristics of this case are implemented in computer simulation tests based on design data at each construction stage and at completion, and the best values can be used from the values predicted for different conditions. Specifically, the elastic coefficient is set in accordance with a desired decrease in the load applied to the column housing 21, or the natural vibration number of the column 2 is adjusted by the elastic coefficient and the damping characteristic, that is, except for the wind. In addition to the moderate suppression effect of the deformation caused by the external force at different stages of construction, completion, and operation of the power generation device 1, the elastic modulus of the elastic support body 30 is set by preventing resonance of the column. As well as the damping characteristics, the load acting on the column housing 21 can be reduced, and the restrictions on the construction work can be alleviated.

Further, the load transmitted from the upper portion of the elastic support body assembly to the lower portion of the elastic support body assembly, that is, the load transmitted from the platform 22 to the column housing 21 via the load transmitting member 23, because the position of the platform 22 is at a higher position. The bonding wire L is slightly shifted downward, and the load transmitting position is positioned lower than the bonding wire L. Therefore, the load acting on the bonding wire L is reduced, and thus the size and number of the bonding bolts required as the members joining the column section members 2a, 2b can be reduced.

However, the elastic support body 30 of the above laminated rubber is preferably mounted in a pre-compressed state by the load transmitting member 23.

This is because if the tensile stretching force acts on the laminated rubber, the peeling of the laminated rubber causes the elastic supporting body 30 to be broken, and therefore, the lamination is previously performed using a tool such as a hydraulic cylinder or the like. It is preferable that the rubber side is maintained in a pre-compressed state, and the load transmitting member 23 is fixedly mounted at a predetermined position.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, one elastic support body 30 is provided between the stages 22, but a plurality of elastic support bodies 30 may be appropriately disposed, and the plurality of elastic support bodies 30 may be respectively connected. To the load transfer member 23. That is, as for the combination of the elastic support body 30 and the load transfer member 23 between the platforms 22, for example, a combination of the elastic support body 30 and the load transfer member 23 of the multiple arrays may be employed, in plan view of the platform 22. In the above, the settings are made in an equal or symmetrical manner to disperse the burden on each group.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the upper surface of the elastic support body 30 is fixed to the lower surface of the stage 22, but the elastic support body 30 and the load transmitting member may be employed, for example, in the modified embodiment shown in Fig. 3. The positional relationship of 23 is upside down. That is, in the illustrated configuration example, the upper end portion of the load transmitting member 23 is fixed to the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion of the lower surface of the stage 22, and the elastic support body 30 is fixed to the vicinity of the center of the upper surface of the platform 22 or the column base B of the lower stage. Further, the lower end portion of the load transmitting member 23 is fixed to the elastic support body 30.

Even with the elastic support assembly constructed in this manner, the same operational effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

According to the above embodiment, the horizontal force applied to the upper portion of the single-column column 2 can be dispersed to the lower portion of the column 2 or the column base B, and the action on the column housing 21 can be reduced. The load can further suppress the deformation of the column 2 caused by the external force. As a result, the outer diameter of the column 2 and the thickness of the casing plate which are derived from the increase in size of the wind turbine generator 1 can be minimized. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the transportation limit of the obstacle factor of the increase in size. Aspect restrictions.

Moreover, even in the respective construction stages of the wind power generator 1, it is possible to prevent metal fatigue damage of the column 2 due to the different resonance winds at each construction stage, so construction management can be made easier.

In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be applied to, for example, an updraft type and a downdraft type wind turbine column, as long as it does not deviate from the gist of the present invention. change.

1. . . Wind power generator

2. . . Windmill tower

2a. . . Column section member

2b. . . Column section member

3. . . cabin

4. . . Rotor head

5. . . Windmill blade

twenty one. . . Tower housing

twenty two. . . platform

twenty three. . . Load transfer member

30. . . Elastic support

B. . . Tower foundation

L. . . Bonding wire

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure of a column of an embodiment of a tower for a windmill according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a part of the upper load can be transmitted to the lower portion due to the relative displacement of the elastic support due to the deformation of the column in the column structure shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing a column structure of a modified example of the tower for a windmill according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a side view showing an outline of a wind power generator including the column structure of the present invention.

2. . . Windmill tower

2a. . . Column section member

2b. . . Column section member

twenty one. . . Tower housing

twenty two. . . platform

twenty three. . . Load transfer member

30. . . Elastic support

B. . . Tower foundation

L. . . Bonding wire

Claims (6)

A tower for a windmill, which is mainly used for a single-column windmill column with a load on a column and a column, and is characterized in that: the inner wall of the column is connected to the inner wall of the column housing a platform that is divided in the direction; an elastic support body that is fixedly mounted on the platform or the column base at one end; is disposed in the inner space of the tower column, and has the other end of the elastic support body and the elastic support body The aforementioned platform or tower foundations are coupled between opposite positions to transfer horizontal forces from the aforementioned elastic support to the aforementioned column housing or the load transfer member of the aforementioned tower foundation. The tower for a windmill according to claim 1, wherein the elastic support system is attached to a laminated rubber that is pre-compressed by the load transmitting member. The tower for a windmill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the column housing has a joint portion for connecting the plurality of column section members to be joined, and the load transmitting member It is joined to the aforementioned column housing between different column section members. The windmill column according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elastic modulus of the elastic support is set in accordance with a desired decrease in the load acting on the column housing. The windmill column according to claim 3, wherein the elastic modulus of the elastic support is set in accordance with a desired decrease in the load acting on the column housing. A wind power generation device is a wind power generation device in which a rotor head that rotates toward a periphery of a substantially horizontal rotation axis when a wind turbine blade is subjected to wind power, and a generator provided inside the nacelle to generate electric power, characterized in that: The tower for a windmill according to the first aspect of the patent application is provided on the basis of the tower column, and the nacelle is provided at the upper end of the tower column.