201120307 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於單柱式風車用塔柱（支柱）以及具備了 這種風車用塔柱的風力發電裝置。 【先前技術】 風力發電裝置係其具備有風車葉片的轉子頭承受到風 力而進行旋轉’利用增速機將這個旋轉加以增速來驅動發 電機進行發電的裝置。 上述的轉子頭係被安裝於設置在風車用塔柱（以下， 有時也簡稱爲「塔柱」）上而可做轉向迴旋的機艙的端部 ’係被支承成可朝大致呈水平的横方向的旋轉軸線外圍旋 轉。 一般而言，上述的風車用塔柱大多數是採用：使用圓 筒形狀的殻體之鋼製單柱式。在這種鋼製單柱式的塔柱中 ’圓筒形狀的鋼製的殻體係作爲主要的強度構件，因此加 大殻體的外徑的話，將可提昇截面效率。因此，鋼製單柱 式的塔柱在可降低重量的範圍内，最好是將殼體的外徑做 的愈大愈好。 另一方面，風力發電裝置用的塔柱，也有採用：衍架 構造者，針對於這種構造，爲了使因非週期性的陣風或持 續性的高速風所產生的共鳴振動等現象衰減，有人提出一 種技術方案，係將長軸方向的構件以及對角線構件之中的 至少一種當作衰減構件。（例如：請參考專利文獻1 ) -5- 201120307 〔專利文獻1〕日本特表2008-540918號公報 【發明內容】 近年來的風力發電裝置具有：風車葉片的葉片長度增 加而趨於大型化的傾向。因此，隨著塔柱的變高，無法避 免的是設置在塔柱的上端的機艙的重量也會增大。 另一方面，塔柱的外形尺寸係受到各種的限制，例如 :受到運送路線之可通過的長寬大小的限制；受到運輸工 具之可運送的重量等的限制，必須要符合運送條件等的各 種限制條件。因此，一般的作法是在塔柱設計階段時，針 對於塔柱的外形尺寸，係在運送等的限制條件的範圍内儘 量地於以設定的較大，而且，針對於所需的剛性，係將塔 柱的殼體板厚予以調整（增厚）來確保所需的剛性。 然而，風力發電裝置趨於大型化的話，塔柱所要求的 剛性也變大，而且想要藉由加大塔柱的外徑尺寸來加以對 應的作法上有其限度，亦可想像到：所需的殼體板厚度超 過能夠製作的板厚度範圍的情況。 又，風力發電裝置的建設係依照：將被分割成複數的 塔柱區段構件予以連接以做成所需高度的塔柱，然後在完 成後的塔柱的最上部設置機艙等的機器之步驟來實施的， 在每一個建設階段，塔柱的高度、還有加諸在塔柱上的重 量都會改變，因此塔柱的共振風速也會隨著每一個建設階 段而有所不同。 另外，風力發電廠通常是由複數（多數）個風車所構 -6- 201120307 成的，基於建設作業的效率化以及降低建設費用的觀點’ 有時候所採用的建設步驟，是在利用大型起重吊車來設置 機艙等的機器之前，先以比較小型的起重吊車來建設一部 份的塔柱區段構件。採用這種工法的情況下，在建設中途 的階段，被放置的期間會變長，因此依該狀態下的共振風 速的差異，需要有用來限制放置期間的長短等的對策。 基於這種技術背景，在由鋼製等的塔柱殼體來負擔荷 重的風力發電裝置的單柱式塔柱中，有必要將作用在塔柱 殼體身上的荷重於以減輕，以資將隨著風力發電裝置的大 型化所導致的塔柱外徑尺寸和殼體板厚度的增大予以抑制 在最小限度，而且也需要抑制在建設中途階段時的塔柱變 形，以資謀求能夠將對於建設作業的限制予以最小化。 本發明係有鑒於上述情事而開發完成的，其目的係在 提供一種風車用塔柱以及具備這種風車用塔柱的風力發電 裝置。這種風車用塔柱係在具備單柱式塔柱的風力發電裝 置中，可將塔柱上部所承受的水平力分散到塔柱下部或塔 柱基礎，以降低作用在塔柱殼體的荷重，並且抑制由外力 所導致的塔柱變形。 本發明爲了解決上述課題，係採用下列的技術手段。 本發明的風車用塔柱，主要是以塔柱殼體來負擔荷重 的單柱式風車用塔柱，其特徵爲：具備了 被連結在前述塔柱殼體的內壁之將塔柱内部空間在上 下方向上加以分割的平台； 一端被固定安裝在前述平台或塔柱基礎上的彈性支承 201120307 體； 被配設在前述塔柱内部空間，將前述彈性支承體的另 •一端以及位在與前述彈性支承體相對向的位置上的前述平 台或塔柱基礎之間予以連結，以將來自前述彈性支承體的 水平力傳遞到前述塔柱殻體或前述塔柱基礎的荷重傳遞構 件。 根據這種本發明，因爲是具備了 ：連結在塔柱殼體的 內壁之將塔柱内部空間在上下方向予以分割的平台；一端 被固定安裝在前述平台或塔柱基礎上的彈性支承體；被配 設在塔柱内部空間，用以將彈性支承體的另一·端以及位在 與彈性支承體相對向的位置上的平台或塔柱基礎之間加以 連結，以將來自彈性支承體的水平力傳遞到塔柱殼體或塔 柱基礎的荷重傳遞構件，因此，可將風車用塔柱的上部所 承受到的水平力分散到塔柱下部或塔柱基礎，除了可降低 作用在塔柱殼體内的荷重之外，又可抑制因外力所導致的 風車用塔柱的變形。 在上述的發明中，前述彈性支承體是以：被安裝成受 前述荷重傳遞構件預壓縮狀態之具有制震功能的疊層橡膠 爲宜，如此一來，即使有牽引拉伸力量作用在彈性支承體 身上，亦可防止疊層橡膠發生剥離。 在上述的發明中，前述塔柱殻體係具有用來將被分割 成複數個塔柱區段構件予以連結的接合部’而前述荷重傳 遞構件係在不同的塔柱區段構件之間與前述塔柱殼體相接 合而宜，藉此，可以降低作用在接合部的荷重。 -8- 201120307 在上述的發明中，前述彈性支承體的彈性係數係可因 應作用到前述塔柱殼體身上的荷重之期望降低値來進行設 定。 亦即，藉由以：對於完成時和建設中途每一個階段之 由外力所導致的變形具有適度的抑制效果的方式，來考慮 彈性支承體的彈性係數的話，就能夠緩和對於建設作業的 限制條件。 本發明的風力發電裝置，係風車葉片承受到風力時， 朝向大致呈水平的旋轉軸線外圍旋轉的轉子頭將會驅動設 置在機艙内部的發電機而進行發電的風力發電裝置，其特 徵爲： 係具備：設立在塔柱基礎上之如申請專利範圍第1項 至第4項中之任一項所述的風車用塔柱，在該風車用塔柱 的上端設置前述機艙。 根據這種本發明的風力發電裝置，因爲是在具備了設 立在塔柱基礎上的如本案的申請專利範圍第1項至第4項 中之任一項所述的風車用塔柱，並且在該風車用塔柱的上 端設置了機艙的緣故，風車用塔柱的上部所承受到的水平 力可藉由彈性支承體分散到塔柱下部或塔柱基礎，而可減 低作用到塔柱殻體内的荷重，並且可抑制因外力所導致的 風車用塔柱的變形，因此，可將塔柱外徑尺寸和殼體板厚 度的增大抑制在最小限度，而可迴避運送限度等方面的限 制，使得風力發電裝置的大型化趨於可能。 根據上述的本發明，係可提供：讓塔柱上部所承受的 -9 - 201120307 水平力分散到塔柱下部或塔柱基礎，以減低作用到塔柱殼 體的荷重，並且可抑制因外力所導致的塔柱變形之單柱式 的風車用塔柱以及具備這種風車用塔柱的風力發電裝置。 其結果，能夠獲得：可將隨著風力發電裝置的大型化所產 生的塔柱外徑尺寸和殼體板厚度的增大抑制在最小限度， 而可迴避運送限度等各方面的限制條件，進而達成風力發 電裝置的大型化之顯著的效果。 又，藉由抑制風力發電裝置在各建設階段時的由外力 所導致的塔柱的變形，可將對於建設作業的限制條件加以 緩和，因此可很容易適用到各種建設方法。 【實施方式】 〔實施本發明的最佳方式〕 以下，將佐以圖面來說明本發明的風車用塔柱以及風 力發電裝置的一種實施方式。 第4圖所示的風力發電裝置1係具有：設立在塔柱基 礎B上的風車用塔柱（以下，簡稱爲「塔柱」）2、被設 置在塔柱2的上端的機艙3、被設在機艙3的一端而且被 支承成可朝大致水平的横方向的旋轉軸線外園旋轉的轉子 頭4。 在轉子頭4上，在其旋轉軸線的外圍呈放射狀地安裝 著複數片（例如：3片）風車葉片5。如此一來，當來自 於轉子頭4的旋轉軸線方向的風吹抵風車葉片5的時候， 風力將被轉換成推動轉子頭4朝向旋轉軸線外圍旋轉的動 -10- 201120307 力。 在機艙3的外周面的適當部位（例如：上部等），設 置著：用以測定週邊的風速値的風速計7、以及用以測定 風向的風向計8。 第1圖所示的塔柱2係單柱式的塔柱，主要是利用鋼 製的塔柱殼體21來負擔荷重’並以接合線L將兩個塔柱 區段構件2a、2b在上下方向上互相連結，而確保所需的 塔柱尚度。 此外，有關於構成塔柱2的塔柱區段構件的數目（塔 柱2的分割數目），因爲是隨著塔柱2的高度等各種條件 的不同而改變的，所以不必特別予以限定。 上述的塔柱2係具有：被連結在圓筒形狀的塔柱殼體 2 1的內壁之可將塔柱内部空間在上下方向上予以分割的平 台22、一端被固定安裝在平台22上的彈性支承體30、被 配設在塔柱内部空間，用來將彈性支承體3 0的另一端以 及平台2 2或塔柱基礎B之間加以連結，以將來自彈性支 承體30的水平力傳遞到塔柱殼體22或塔柱基礎B的荷重 傳遞構件23。 亦即，圖示的塔柱2係具備：可將設立在塔柱基礎B 的上部的圓筒形塔柱内部空間在上下方向上予以分割的3 個平台22，在這種被分割成3個區塊的各區塊的塔柱内部 空間内，配置著彈性支承體3 0以及用來傳遞來自彈性支 承體3 0的水平力的荷重傳遞構件2 3。 此外，平台2 2的個數以及塔柱内部空間的分割數係 -11 - 201120307 隨著塔柱2的高度等的差異而有所不同，因此不必特別加 以限定。 平台22係被固定在構成塔柱2的塔柱區段構件2a、 2b的內壁面上的鋼板之類的圓板狀構件，在進行風力發電 裝置〗的建設時，亦可作爲E架來使用。這種平台22係 可利用例如：將圓板的整個外周都進行焊接而呈剛性結合 於塔柱2的内周面。此外，在平台22上，除了設置可供 人員通過的開口之外，也設置有可供鋼索、電梯等物體穿 過所需的開口部。 又，平台22的固定位置係在於：從連結塔柱區段構 件2a、2b用的接合部起梢微往下方錯開的位置。亦即， 在第1圖的結構例中，最靠近接合部的平台22的固定位 置係被設定在較之連結了塔柱區段構件2a、2b的分割線 L稍微低一點的位置上。 彈性支承體3 0係採用例如：疊層橡膠的這種除了具 有彈性成分之外，也包含阻尼成分者。這種彈性支承體3 0 ，其一端係中介著平台22而連結到塔柱殼體2 1，在其另 一端側則是連結著1個或複數個荷重傳遞構件2 3。在圖示 的結構例中，一個彈性支承體30的上表面係固定在各個 卒台22的下面側的中心（塔柱2的軸中心）附近。 荷重連結構件23係用來連結彈性支承體30的另一端 與平台22或塔柱基礎B之間之由鋼材等所構成的構件。 在圖示的結構例中，對於一個彈性支承體3 0係連結 箸四根荷重連結構件23。這種情況下，四根荷重連結構件 -12- 201120307 23係在平台22的圓周方向上以90度間隔來分開配置 端部側是利用焊接或螺栓等方式來固定在平台2 2的 位置附近’並且下端部側是利用焊接或螺栓等方式來 在平台22的外周端附近。亦即，荷重連結構件23的 部側係中介著彈性支承體3 0而與塔柱殻體2 1相連結 其結果’各荷重連結構件23就成爲從塔柱2的 朝向内周面側往外傾斜的狀態。此外，至於被設在最 的荷重連結構件23的下端部，是利用焊接或螺栓等 來固定在塔柱基礎B’而不是固定在平台22。 上述的本實施方式的塔柱2係在塔柱2内配置彈 承體3 0 ’將塔柱2的上部所承受的水平力藉由彈性支 30、荷重連結構件23以及平台22分散到塔柱2的下 塔柱基礎B ’以減少作用到塔柱殼體21内的荷重， 抑制由外力所導致的塔柱2的變形。 以這種方式構成的塔柱2，當該塔柱2承受到水 的情況下，係以例如：第2圖所示的方式，承受到風 重等的水平力的塔柱殻體21將會產生變形，隨著這 形將導致平台2 2朝大致水平方向移位。此時，因爲 平台22的位置上的水平位移量分別各不相同，所以 定在平台2 2上的彈性支承體3 0的位置與將荷重傳遞 2 3的下端連結到平台2 2上的位置之間，將會產生相 移，但是這個相對位移將會使得彈性支承體3 0產生 ，其水平反作用力將會經由荷重傳遞構件2 3以及平-而傳遞到塔柱殻體2 1的下部。 ，上 中心 固定 上端 3 中心 下段 方式 性支 承體 部或 並且 平力 力荷 個變 在各 被固 構件 對位 變形 Ϊ 22 -13- 201120307 亦即，在於被固定在平台22的下面的彈性支承體30 的上端位置與荷重傳遞構件2 3的上端部在彈性支承體3 0 上的連結位置（也就是，彈性支承體30的下端位置）之 間，因爲彈性支承體3 0的下端位置係受到荷重傳遞構件 23限制其位移的緣故，彈性支承體30的上端位置與下端 位置之間將會產生相對位移（5。這個相對位移5將會產生 與作用在塔柱（設置有彈性支承體3 0的位置）上的外力 相反方向的水平力量，因此可減輕在彈性支承體3 0的位 置上的荷重，並且將該反作用力利用荷重傳遞構件23傳 遞到荷重傳遞構件23的下端部與塔柱殼體2 1的接合位置 〇 此一結果，作用在位於彈性支承體3 0的上面位置的 平台22與荷重傳遞構件23的下端的平台22之間的塔柱 殼體2 1身上的荷重，可以減輕相當於發生在彈性支承體 30上的水平力量的份量。 因此，藉由將上述的平台22、荷重傳遞構件23以及 彈性支承體30的組合（以下，總稱爲「彈性支承體組件 」）在塔柱2内設置複數個，彈性支承體組件可以減低在 一對平台22之間作用於塔柱殼體2 1身上的荷重，最終結 果則是可將水平分力分散到塔柱基礎B。 因此，在於彈性支承體3 0的上面位置與將荷重傳遞 構件2 3的下端連結到塔柱2的彈性支承體3 0的下面位置 之間，隨著作用到塔柱殻體2 1的荷重的降低，也就可以 將塔柱殼體2 1的殻體板厚度予以減少。因此，在於彈性 -14- 201120307 支承體30的上面位置與將荷重傳遞構件23連結到塔柱2 的彈性支承體3 0的下面位置之間，即使減少殻體板厚度 亦可獲得所需的強度。 又，上述的實施方式，因爲是就每一個彈性支承體組 件，由彈性支承體3 0發揮功能來減少作用到塔柱殼體21 身上的荷重，所以即使承受到當風力發電裝置1運轉時所 作用的水平方向的外力，也可以減少塔柱2的響應移位。 再者，當風力發電裝置1於建設時，即使是在塔柱2的建 設中途，只要先組裝好彈性支承體組件的話，即可減少塔 柱2的響應移位，所以可緩和建設條件。亦即，可以緩和 在塔柱2的組裝和建設時所制定的安裝條件（例如：在建 設中途階段，相同組裝狀態可被容許的時間等等）或者不 想要的狀態和狀況，因此可容許柔軟有彈性的施工。 此時，可藉由適宜地調整彈性支承體3 0的彈性係數 ，來調整將上部的水平力傳遞到下部的比例，或者藉由適 宜地調整彈性支承體3 0的彈性係數以及阻尼特性，而得 以調整塔柱2的固有振動數。這種情況的彈性係數以及阻 尼特性，係在各建設階段和完成時，均實施依據設計數據 的電腦模擬試驗，而從針對不同的狀況所預測的數値當中 採用最佳數値即可。具體而言，係配合作用到塔柱殻體2 1 身上的荷重之期望降低値來設定彈性係數’或者藉由彈性 係數以及阻尼特性來調整塔柱2的固有振動數’亦即’除 了對於在風力發電裝置1的建設中途階段、完成時以及運 轉中的各個階段不同的外力所導致的變形具有適度的抑制 -15- 201120307 效果之外，藉由以防止塔柱的共振的方式來設定彈 體3 0的彈性係數以及阻尼特性，可以減少作用在 體21身上的荷重，並且可以緩和建設作業上的限 〇 又，從彈性支承體組件的上部往彈性支承體組 部傳遞的荷重，亦即，經由荷重傳遞構件23從平老 塔柱殼體21傳遞的荷重，因爲平台22的位置係位 接合線L稍微下方錯開的緣故，荷重傳遞位置係位 接合線L更下側。因此，作用於接合線L的荷重被 因此可以減低作爲連結塔柱區段構件2a、2b的構 的接合螺栓的尺寸和數量。 然而，上述的疊層橡膠的彈性支承體30是以 被荷重傳遞構件23預壓縮狀態爲宜。 這是因爲如果有牽引拉伸的力量作用於疊層橡 ，疊層橡膠的剝離將會使得彈性支承體3 0破損的 因此，係以使用例如：油壓缸等的工具預先將疊層 面維持在預壓縮的狀態，一面將荷重傳遞構件2 3 裝在預定位置爲宜。 又，上述的實施方式，雖然是在平台22之間 置一個彈性支承體3 0，但亦可製作成：將複數個彈 體3 0適宜地配置，並將該複數個彈性支承體3 〇分 到荷重傳遞構件2 3。亦即，就平台2 2之間的彈性 3 0以及荷重傳遞構件2 3的組合而言，亦可採用例 複數組的彈性支承體3 0以及荷重傳遞構件2 3的組 性支承 塔柱殼 制條件 件的下 ‘ 22往 在較之 在較之 減少， 件所需 安裝成 膠的話 緣故， 橡膠一 固定安 分別設 性支承 別連結 支承體 如：將 合，在 -16- 201120307 於平台22的平面視圖上，以構成均等或對稱的方式來進 行設置，以資分散每一組所承受的負擔。 又，上述的實施方式中，雖然是將彈性支承體30的 上面固定在平台2 2的下面，但是亦可採用例如：第3圖 所示的變形實施例這樣的將彈性支承體3 0與荷重傳遞構 件2 3的位置關係予以上下顛倒。亦即，圖示的結構例， 係將荷重傳遞構件23的上端部固定在平台22的下面外周 部附近，將彈性支承體3 0固定於下一段的平台2 2或塔柱 基礎B的上面中央附近。並且荷重傳遞構件23的下端部 係固定在彈性支承體3 0。 即使採用以這種方式構成的彈性支承體組件，亦可獲 得與上述的實施方式同樣的作用效果。 根據上述的實施方式，係可藉由將單柱式的塔柱2的 上部所承受的水平力分散到塔柱2的下部或塔柱基礎B， 而可減少作用在塔柱殼體2 1身上的荷重，進而可以抑制 由外力所導致的塔柱2的變形。其結果，可將隨著風力發 電裝置1的大型化所衍生的塔柱2的外徑尺寸以及殼體板 厚度的增大抑制在最小限度，因此’可以迴避大型化的障 礙因素之運送限度等方面的限制。 又，即使在風力發電裝置1的各建設階段中，亦可防 止因每一個建設階段之不同的共振風力而造成塔柱2發生 金屬疲勞損傷，所以施工管理可更爲容易。 此外，本發明並不侷限於上述的實施方式’亦可適用 於例如：上昇風型以及下降風型的風車用塔柱’只要是在 201120307 不脫離本發明的要旨的範圍内，亦可做適當的變更。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示本發明的風車用塔柱的一種實施方式的 塔柱構造的立體圖。 第2圖係顯示在第1圖所示的塔柱構造中因塔柱的變 形而產生的彈性支承體的相對位移可將上部荷重的一部分 傳遞到下部的狀態之説明圖。 第3圖係顯示本發明的風車用塔柱的變形實施例的塔 柱構造之立體圖。 第4圖係顯示具備了本發明的塔柱構造的風力發電裝 置的槪要之側面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :風力發電裝置 2 :風車用塔柱 2a :塔柱區段構件 2b :塔柱區段構件 3 :機艙 4 :轉子頭 5 :風車葉片 2 1 :塔柱殼體 22 :平台 23 :荷重傳遞構件 -18- 201120307 3 〇 :彈性支承體 Β :塔柱基礎 L ·接合線[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a column column (pillar) for a single-column windmill, and a wind power generator including the tower for the windmill. [Prior Art] A wind power generator is a device in which a rotor head including a wind turbine blade is subjected to wind force and is rotated. This device is driven by a speed increaser to increase the speed to drive a generator to generate electric power. The rotor head system described above is attached to an end portion of a nacelle that is provided on a windmill column (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a "column") and can be steered, and is supported so as to be horizontally substantially horizontal. The direction of rotation of the axis of rotation rotates. In general, most of the above-mentioned windmill towers are made of a steel single column type using a cylindrical casing. In such a steel single-column column, a cylindrical steel casing is used as a main strength member, so that the outer diameter of the casing can be increased to improve the section efficiency. Therefore, the steel single-column column is preferably in the range in which the weight can be reduced, and it is preferable to make the outer diameter of the casing as large as possible. On the other hand, the tower for a wind power generator is also a truss structure, and in order to attenuate the phenomenon of resonance vibration caused by a non-periodic gust or a sustained high-speed wind, A technical solution is proposed in which at least one of the member in the longitudinal direction and the diagonal member is regarded as an attenuating member. (For example, please refer to Patent Document 1) -5-201120307 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2008-540918 [Invention] In recent years, a wind turbine generator has an increase in blade length of a wind turbine blade and tends to increase in size. tendency. Therefore, as the column becomes higher, it is unavoidable that the weight of the nacelle provided at the upper end of the tower column also increases. On the other hand, the outer dimensions of the column are limited, for example, by the length and width of the transport path, and by the weight of the transportable transport of the transport, etc. limitation factor. Therefore, in the design stage of the tower column, the outer dimensions of the tower column are as large as possible within the range of restrictions such as transportation, and, for the required rigidity, The thickness of the shell of the tower is adjusted (thickened) to ensure the required rigidity. However, if the wind power generation device tends to be large, the rigidity required for the column is also increased, and there is a limit to the corresponding method of increasing the outer diameter of the column. It is also conceivable that: The thickness of the housing plate exceeds the range of plate thicknesses that can be made. Further, the construction of the wind power generator is based on the steps of connecting the plurality of column section members to form a column of a desired height, and then installing a machine such as a nacelle at the uppermost portion of the completed column. In each construction stage, the height of the column and the weight added to the column will change, so the resonant wind speed of the column will vary with each stage of construction. In addition, wind power plants are usually constructed by a plurality of (majority) windmills, based on the efficiency of construction work and the reduction of construction costs. 'The construction steps sometimes used are using large lifting Before the crane is used to set up the machine such as the engine room, a small crane hoist is used to construct a part of the tower section components. In the case of such a method, the period in which it is placed is increased in the middle of the construction. Therefore, depending on the difference in the resonance speed in this state, measures for limiting the length of the placement period and the like are required. Based on this technical background, in a single-column column of a wind power generator that is loaded by a column case such as steel, it is necessary to reduce the load acting on the column housing to reduce As the size of the outer diameter of the wind power generation device and the increase in the thickness of the casing plate are minimized, it is also necessary to suppress the deformation of the column during the mid-stage of construction, so as to be able to The restrictions on construction work are minimized. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a tower for a windmill and a wind power generator including the tower for the windmill. The windmill tower is connected to a wind power generator having a single column column, and the horizontal force received by the upper part of the tower column can be dispersed to the lower part of the tower column or the tower column foundation to reduce the load acting on the column column shell. And suppressing deformation of the column caused by external force. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following technical means. The tower for a windmill according to the present invention is mainly a single-column windmill column that bears a load by a column housing, and is characterized in that it has a column inner space that is connected to an inner wall of the column housing. a platform that is divided in the up-and-down direction; an elastic support 201120307 body that is fixedly mounted on the platform or tower base at one end; is disposed in the inner space of the tower column, and has the other end of the elastic support body and The aforementioned platform or column base at a position opposite to the elastic support is coupled to transmit horizontal force from the elastic support to the column housing or the load transfer member of the column foundation. According to the present invention, there is provided a platform which is connected to the inner wall of the column housing and which divides the inner space of the column in the vertical direction; and an elastic support body which is fixedly mounted on the platform or the column base at one end. Provided in the inner space of the column column for coupling the other end of the elastic support body and the platform or tower foundation located at a position opposite to the elastic support body to be from the elastic support body The horizontal force is transmitted to the tower-carrying shell or the load-transfer member of the tower foundation. Therefore, the horizontal force received by the upper part of the tower can be dispersed to the lower part of the tower or the tower foundation, in addition to reducing the effect on the tower. In addition to the load in the column housing, deformation of the tower column due to external forces can be suppressed. In the above invention, the elastic support body is preferably a laminated rubber having a shock-absorbing function that is mounted in a pre-compressed state by the load transmitting member, so that even a tensile tensile force acts on the elastic support. The body can also prevent the laminated rubber from peeling off. In the above invention, the column housing has a joint portion for connecting the plurality of column section members to be joined, and the load transmission member is coupled between the different column section members and the tower. Preferably, the column housings are joined, whereby the load acting on the joint portion can be reduced. -8- 201120307 In the above invention, the elastic modulus of the elastic support body can be set in accordance with a desired lowering of the load acting on the column housing. In other words, by considering the elastic coefficient of the elastic support body in a manner that has a moderate suppression effect on the deformation caused by the external force at the completion and at the middle of the construction, the restriction on the construction work can be alleviated. . In the wind power generator of the present invention, when the wind turbine blade is subjected to wind power, the rotor head that rotates toward the periphery of the substantially horizontal rotation axis drives the generator provided inside the nacelle to generate electric power, and is characterized by: The tower for a windmill according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present invention, wherein the nacelle is provided at the upper end of the tower for the wind turbine. According to the wind turbine generator of the present invention, it is possible to provide the tower for a windmill according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the present application, which is based on the present invention. The upper end of the tower is provided with a nacelle, and the horizontal force received by the upper part of the tower can be dispersed to the lower part of the tower or the tower foundation by the elastic support, thereby reducing the effect on the column housing. The internal load can suppress the deformation of the tower for the windmill caused by the external force. Therefore, the increase in the outer diameter of the column and the thickness of the casing can be minimized, and the limitation of the transportation limit can be avoided. This makes it possible to increase the size of wind power plants. According to the invention as described above, it is possible to provide a horizontal force of -9 - 201120307 which is received by the upper part of the column column to the lower part of the column column or the column column foundation, so as to reduce the load applied to the column column shell and suppress the external force. A single-column windmill column and a wind power generator including such a windmill column are used for the deformation of the column. As a result, it is possible to minimize the increase in the outer diameter of the column and the thickness of the casing plate due to the increase in size of the wind turbine generator, and to avoid various restrictions such as the transportation limit. A significant effect of increasing the size of the wind power generation device is achieved. Further, by suppressing the deformation of the column caused by the external force at the time of each stage of construction of the wind power generator, the restriction on the construction work can be alleviated, so that it can be easily applied to various construction methods. [Embodiment] [Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a windmill column and a wind power generator according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The wind power generator 1 shown in Fig. 4 includes a tower for a windmill (hereinafter simply referred to as a "column") that is installed on the tower foundation B, and a nacelle 3 that is installed at the upper end of the tower 2, and is A rotor head 4 is provided at one end of the nacelle 3 and supported to be rotatable outwardly toward a substantially horizontal transverse axis of rotation. On the rotor head 4, a plurality of (for example, three) wind turbine blades 5 are radially mounted on the periphery of the rotation axis thereof. As a result, when wind from the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor head 4 blows against the wind turbine blade 5, the wind force is converted into a force that urges the rotor head 4 to rotate toward the periphery of the rotation axis. At an appropriate portion (e.g., upper portion) of the outer peripheral surface of the nacelle 3, an anemometer 7 for measuring the peripheral wind speed 、 and an anemometer 8 for measuring the wind direction are provided. The column 2 shown in Fig. 1 is a single-column column, mainly using a steel column housing 21 to bear the load' and the two column section members 2a, 2b are placed up and down by the bonding line L. Join each other in the direction to ensure the required column stability. Further, the number of the column section members constituting the column 2 (the number of divisions of the column 2) is not particularly limited as it varies depending on various conditions such as the height of the column 2 and the like. The above-described column 2 has a platform 22 that is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical column housing 21 and that divides the internal space of the column in the vertical direction, and one end is fixedly mounted on the platform 22. The elastic support body 30 is disposed in the inner space of the column for connecting the other end of the elastic support body 30 and the platform 2 2 or the column base B to transfer the horizontal force from the elastic support body 30. The load transfer member 23 to the column housing 22 or the column base B. In other words, the illustrated column 2 includes three platforms 22 that can divide the internal space of the cylindrical column provided in the upper portion of the column base B in the vertical direction, and is divided into three. In the inner space of the column of each block of the block, an elastic support body 30 and a load transfer member 23 for transmitting the horizontal force from the elastic support body 30 are disposed. Further, the number of the stages 2 2 and the number of divisions of the internal space of the column -11 - 201120307 vary depending on the height of the column 2 and the like, and therefore need not be particularly limited. The platform 22 is a disk-shaped member that is fixed to the inner wall surface of the column section members 2a and 2b constituting the column 2, and can be used as an E frame when constructing a wind power generator. . Such a platform 22 can be rigidly coupled to the inner peripheral surface of the column 2 by, for example, welding the entire outer circumference of the circular plate. Further, on the platform 22, in addition to an opening through which a person can pass, an opening for a steel cable, an elevator or the like to be passed through is provided. Further, the fixed position of the stage 22 is a position which is slightly shifted downward from the joint portion for connecting the column section members 2a and 2b. That is, in the configuration example of Fig. 1, the fixed position of the platform 22 closest to the joint portion is set at a position slightly lower than the dividing line L to which the column section members 2a, 2b are connected. The elastic support body 30 is made of, for example, a laminated rubber which contains a damping component in addition to an elastic component. The elastic support body 30 has one end connected to the column housing 2 1 via a platform 22, and one or a plurality of load transmitting members 23 are connected to the other end side. In the illustrated structural example, the upper surface of one elastic support body 30 is fixed near the center of the lower side of each of the strokes 22 (the axial center of the column 2). The load connecting member 23 is for connecting a member made of a steel material or the like between the other end of the elastic support body 30 and the stage 22 or the column base B. In the illustrated configuration example, the four load-bearing members 23 are connected to one elastic support 30. In this case, the four load connecting members -12-201120307 23 are disposed at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the platform 22, and the end portions are fixed by welding or bolts to the vicinity of the position of the platform 2 2 ' Further, the lower end side is near the outer peripheral end of the stage 22 by means of welding or bolting. In other words, the portion of the load connecting member 23 is coupled to the column housing 21 by interposing the elastic supporting member 30, and as a result, each of the load connecting members 23 is inclined outward from the side of the column 2 toward the inner peripheral surface. status. Further, as for the lower end portion of the load connecting member 23 which is provided at the most, it is fixed to the column base B' by welding or bolts or the like instead of being fixed to the stage 22. In the above-described column 2 of the present embodiment, the elastic body 30 is disposed in the column 2, and the horizontal force received by the upper portion of the column 2 is dispersed to the column by the elastic branch 30, the load connecting member 23, and the platform 22. The lower column foundation B' of 2 reduces the load applied to the column housing 21, suppressing deformation of the column 2 caused by an external force. The column 2 constructed in this manner, when the column 2 is subjected to water, is, for example, in the manner shown in Fig. 2, the column housing 21 that receives the horizontal force such as wind weight will Deformation occurs, which will cause the platform 2 2 to shift in a substantially horizontal direction. At this time, since the horizontal displacement amounts at the positions of the stage 22 are different from each other, the position of the elastic support body 30 fixed on the platform 22 and the position at which the lower end of the load transfer 23 is coupled to the platform 2 2 are In the meantime, a phase shift will occur, but this relative displacement will cause the elastic support 30 to be generated, and its horizontal reaction force will be transmitted to the lower portion of the column housing 21 via the load transmitting member 23 and the flat. , the upper center fixed upper end 3 central lower section mode support body or the flat force load is deformed in the opposite direction of each solid member Ϊ 22 -13- 201120307, that is, the elastic support body fixed under the platform 22 The upper end position of 30 is between the joint position of the upper end portion of the load transmitting member 23 on the elastic support body 30 (that is, the lower end position of the elastic support body 30), because the lower end position of the elastic support body 30 is subjected to the load. The transfer member 23 limits its displacement, and a relative displacement between the upper end position and the lower end position of the elastic support body 30 will occur (5. This relative displacement 5 will be generated and applied to the column (the elastic support body 30 is provided). The horizontal force in the opposite direction of the external force on the position), so that the load on the position of the elastic support body 30 can be alleviated, and the reaction force is transmitted to the lower end portion of the load transmitting member 23 and the column housing by the load transmitting member 23 The joint position of 2 1 results in the platform 22 located at the upper position of the elastic support body 30 and the platform 22 at the lower end of the load transmitting member 23 The load on the body of the column housing 21 can reduce the amount of horizontal force corresponding to the elastic support 30. Therefore, by combining the above-described platform 22, load transmitting member 23, and elastic support 30 (Hereinafter, collectively referred to as "elastic support assembly"), a plurality of columns are provided in the column 2, and the elastic support assembly can reduce the load acting on the column housing 21 between the pair of platforms 22, and the final result is The horizontal component can be dispersed to the column foundation B. Therefore, the upper position of the elastic support 30 is between the lower end of the load transmitting member 23 and the lower position of the elastic support 30 of the column 2, with The reduction in the load of the column housing 21 is reduced, so that the thickness of the housing plate of the column housing 21 can be reduced. Therefore, the upper position of the support body 30 and the load are transmitted in the elastic-14-201120307. The member 23 is coupled between the lower positions of the elastic support bodies 30 of the column 2, and the required strength can be obtained even if the thickness of the casing plate is reduced. Further, the above embodiment is because each of the elastic support members The elastic support body 30 functions to reduce the load applied to the column housing 21, so that the response of the column 2 can be reduced even if it is subjected to an external force acting in the horizontal direction when the wind power generator 1 is operated. Furthermore, when the wind power generator 1 is constructed, even in the middle of the construction of the tower 2, the elastic support body assembly can be assembled first, so that the response displacement of the tower 2 can be reduced, so that the construction conditions can be alleviated. That is, it is possible to alleviate the installation conditions (for example, the middle of the construction, the time allowed for the same assembly state, etc.) or the undesired state and condition when the tower 2 is assembled and constructed, and thus can be tolerated. Soft and flexible construction. At this time, the ratio of the upper horizontal force to the lower portion can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the elastic modulus of the elastic support body 30, or by appropriately adjusting the elastic modulus and damping characteristics of the elastic support body 30. The natural vibration number of the column 2 can be adjusted. The elastic coefficient and the damping characteristic of this case are implemented in computer simulation tests based on design data at each construction stage and at completion, and the optimum number is used from the number predicted for different conditions. Specifically, the elastic coefficient ' is set to match the desired load of the load applied to the column housing 2 1 or the natural vibration number of the column 2 is adjusted by the elastic coefficient and the damping characteristic', that is, The deformation caused by the external force at different stages of construction, completion, and operation of the wind power generator 1 has a moderate suppression effect -15-201120307, and the body is set by preventing resonance of the column. The elastic coefficient and the damping characteristic of 30 can reduce the load acting on the body 21, and can alleviate the limitation on the construction work, and the load transmitted from the upper portion of the elastic support body assembly to the elastic support body portion, that is, The load transmitted from the flat column housing 21 via the load transmitting member 23 is slightly lower than the position of the land 22, and the load transmitting position of the load transmitting line L is lower. Therefore, the load acting on the bonding wire L can thus reduce the size and number of the bonding bolts which are the structures connecting the column section members 2a, 2b. However, the elastic support body 30 of the above laminated rubber is preferably in a pre-compressed state by the load transmitting member 23. This is because if the tensile stretching force acts on the laminated rubber, the peeling of the laminated rubber causes the elastic supporting body 30 to be broken. Therefore, the laminated surface is previously maintained by using a tool such as a hydraulic cylinder. In the pre-compressed state, it is preferable to mount the load transmitting member 2 3 at a predetermined position. Further, in the above-described embodiment, although one elastic support body 30 is disposed between the stages 22, it may be formed such that a plurality of elastic bodies 30 are appropriately disposed, and the plurality of elastic support bodies 3 are divided. To the load transfer member 23. That is, in the case of the combination of the elasticity 30 between the platform 22 and the load transfer member 23, an elastic support body 30 of an exemplary array and a group support column case of the load transfer member 23 can also be used. The lower part of the conditional part is reduced in comparison to the lower part, and the rubber is fixedly mounted separately to support the other supporting body, such as: the combination, at -16- 201120307 on the platform 22 In the plan view, the settings are made in an equal or symmetrical manner to disperse the burden on each group. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the upper surface of the elastic support body 30 is fixed to the lower surface of the stage 2 2, but the elastic support body 30 and the load may be used, for example, in the modified embodiment shown in Fig. 3. The positional relationship of the transfer member 23 is reversed. That is, in the illustrated configuration example, the upper end portion of the load transmitting member 23 is fixed to the vicinity of the outer peripheral portion of the lower surface of the stage 22, and the elastic support body 30 is fixed to the center of the lower stage of the platform 2 2 or the column base B. nearby. Further, the lower end portion of the load transmitting member 23 is fixed to the elastic support body 30. Even with the elastic support assembly constructed in this manner, the same operational effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained. According to the above embodiment, the horizontal force received by the upper portion of the single-column column 2 can be dispersed to the lower portion of the column 2 or the column base B, thereby reducing the effect on the column housing 2 1 . The load can further suppress the deformation of the column 2 caused by the external force. As a result, the outer diameter of the column 2 and the increase in the thickness of the casing plate which are derived from the increase in size of the wind turbine generator 1 can be minimized, so that the transportation limit of the obstacle factor for increasing the size can be avoided. Aspect restrictions. Further, even in the construction stages of the wind power generator 1, it is possible to prevent metal fatigue damage of the column 2 due to the different resonance winds at each construction stage, so construction management can be made easier. In addition, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be applied to, for example, the upwind type and the downdraft type of the windmill column, as long as it is within the range of 201120307 without departing from the gist of the present invention. Changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure of a column of an embodiment of a tower for a windmill according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the relative displacement of the elastic support due to the deformation of the column in the column structure shown in Fig. 1 can transmit a part of the upper load to the lower portion. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of a column of a modified embodiment of the tower for a windmill according to the present invention. Fig. 4 is a side view showing a schematic view of a wind power generator having the column structure of the present invention. [Explanation of main component symbols] 1 : Wind power generation device 2 : Tower column 2a for windmill: Column section member 2b: Column section member 3: Engine compartment 4: Rotor head 5: Wind turbine blade 2 1 : Tower housing 22 : Platform 23 : Load transfer member -18- 201120307 3 〇: Elastic support Β : Tower foundation L · Bonding line