13759.02 . 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種雙穩態顯示裝置，且特別是有關於一 種觸控式雙穩態顯示裝置。 【先前技術】 按，電腦通常係用來處理及儲存大量資料。然而，由於其 本身之體積、重量及操作等因素使得電腦難以像紙張印刷物一 樣方便攜帶及閱讀。為同時兼顧紙張印刷物的方便攜帶及閱讀 性、電腦的資料處理能力、環保及低功耗等特點，電子紙顯示 裝置被提出，具體可參見美國公開第20080062506號專利申 請，其揭露之内容在此作為參考。電子紙顯示裝置係一種雙穩 態（Bi-stable )顯示裝置，其主要有微膠囊電泳型（Micr〇capsules Electrophoretic )、擰轉球型（Gyricon b ead )及膽固醇液晶型 (Cholesteric Liquid Crystal)電子紙顯示裝置等三種類型。對 於雙穩悲顯示裝置，其具有固有的雙穩態特性，亦即當一個影 像被寫入後，不必再輸入額外的電源，此影像會一直被保留。 目前，電阻式觸控面板因具有厚度薄、尺寸小及功耗低等 鲁特點而可與電子紙顯示裝置結合在一起，以構建一觸控式電子 紙顯不裝置。此種觸控式電子紙顯示裝置可允許使用者直接在 顯示螢幕上輸入，大大提升了使用者之操作便利性。 惟’習知電阻式觸控面板係使用一類比數位轉換器（A/D Converter)將偵測壓差轉變為數位訊號，再由一微處理器對類 比數位轉換器輸出之數位訊號直接進行處理以計算出觸控位 置座標值，因此此種習知電阻式觸控面板一次只能完成單點座 標值之搁取’當多點觸控時，其無法正確擷取多點座標值。 【發明内容】 本發明的目的就是在提供一種觸控式雙穩態顯示裝置，可 3 1375902 實現多點觸控偵測。 ^發明實施例提出一種觸控式雙穩態齡裝置，其包括多 :: 電極線、多數條第二電極線、多數條第三電極線、〜 、開關輪組及一觸控偵測系統。多數條第一電極線係分別作 閘極線，多數條第二電極線與第—電極線交叉設置且係分 可:刀換地作為一源極線及—第一制線；多數條第三電極 绍&第·"!電極線父叉設置且與第一電極線及第二電極線電性 第一電極線位於第三電極線與第一電極線之間，第三電 ^係为別作為—第二偵測線。觸控侧系統包含—三態閉輪 二輸出模組、一時序控制模組、一制電壓源、一數位訊號 附W路、—記憶體模組及—輸出介面。第二電極線透過切換 :果，、雄接至二態閘輸人/輸出模組，第三電極線輕接至三 輸出模組；時序控制模組係用以產生時序訊號控制 认/輪出模組之輸入輸出操作；4貞測電屢源係用以透 ，二態閘輪人/輸出模組向第二電極線及第三電極線兩者中之 2 =逐方，供—偵測電壓；數位訊號產生電路係用 入墩出二且i線及第广電極線兩者中之另一者透過三態閘輸 輸出Μ、、讀人之侧電職號轉換成數位訊號；記憶體模 j接至時序控制模組及數位訊號產生電路，用以接^存 號，以1集觸控位置座標；輸出介面係C 輸出儲存於记憶體模組之時序訊號及數位訊號。 本發明實施例藉由觸控谓測系統之結構配置 觸控偵測’並將彳貞剩之單個或多個觸控位 夕’陪 體模_ 可便於後續之觸控位置座標的正確 可克服先前技術存在之多點觸控時難以正確 缺陷㈣的，藉由第二電極線可切換地二= 4 13,75902 » 的源極線及執行觸㈣測功能之制線，可使此種觸控式雙穩 態顯示裝置具有較低的製造成本。 為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯易 |·蓳下文特舉較佳實施例，並配合所附圖式’作詳細說明如下。 【實施方式】 人有關本發明之前述及其他技術内容、特點與功效，在以下 配a參考圖式之一較佳實施例的詳細說明中，將可清楚的呈 現。以下實施例中所提到的方向用語，例如：上、下、左、右、 • 或後等’僅疋參考附力π圖式的方向。因此，使用的方向用語 是用來說明並非用來限制本發明。 一參見圖1至圖3，本發明實施例提出的一種觸控式雙穩態 顯不裝置1G ’其包括多個第-電極線11 (圖2中僅示出-條 作為舉例）、多數條第二電極線12、多數條第三電極線13、 一閘極驅動電路（圖中未顯示）、-源極驅動電路14、-切 換開關模組16及一觸控偵測系統18。多個第二電極線12係 透過切換開關模組16可切換地耦接至源極驅動電路14及觸控 偵測系統18中之一者；多個第三電極線13係耦接至 測 _ 系統18。 m 一如圖2及圖3所示，第一電極線11、第二電極線12及第 三電極線13可藉由半導體製程形成於一基底2〇上。第一電極 線11與第二電極線12相互交又設置（例如，實質正交），其 藉由一位於兩者之間的絕緣層21彼此電性絕緣。多個薄膜電 ，體23 (圖2中僅示出一個作為舉例）鄰近第—電極線u與 ，二電極線12之交叉位置設置且電性耦接至第一電極線11及 第二電極線12 ;具體的，每一薄膜電晶體23的閘極G耦接至 一與其相鄰的第一電極線11，其汲極D耦接至一與其相鄰的 5 丄乃/：)y,U2 r電極線12其源極S係麵接至一與其相對應的晝素電極 Q圖中未顯示）。 ^二電極線13位於第一電極線11及第二電極線12之上 锅i错由—位於其與第二電極線12之間的絕緣層22彼此電性 線，;在此’第二電極線12係位於第一電極線n與第三電極 二番之間，第一電極線11通常係與閘極驅動電路相耦接。第 i m與第二電極線12交叉設置’―顯示用雙穩態顯示 二—带、可设置在第三電極、線13之上方。雙穩態顯示層15可 i電^紙顯示層，其可包括—電泳層及位於電泳層之背離第 可變之—側的透明電極層。可以理解的是，電泳層亦 支更為擰轉球層或膽固醇液晶層。 質平方向與第—電極線11的延伸方向實 而一苐一電極線12的延伸方向實質正交。每一第二 電極rd，極線12之間（亦即第三電極線13與第： 施加線 成雷技鋸4·—, 才，、J向下撓曲與第二電極線12形 中，第三電極線13之對應中空結構⑶ 可對第的凸塊131。另外，本領域技術人員還 J對第二電極線13之結構作適當之變更，口 力施加於其上時其可向下挽 二月:達成-外 之目的均可。 乐—電極線12形成電接觸 本發明實施例利用雙穩態顯示裝 性，當需要寫入電子影像時，#由切換有的又穩U寺 第二電極線12切換至電性耦接至调關模、、且16將多數條 雙穩態顯示裝…電:r===4’使觸控式 時，多數條第一電極線"及多數條第二電極 6 1375902 * 閘極線及源極線使用。當此電子， — 開關模組I6將多數條第二電極線P :二完畢後’再藉由切換 制系統18，使觸控式雙穩態顯示刀、^電性輕接至偵測控 至下次電子影像之寫入，卩執行處於觸控備測狀態直 第二電極線12係分別作為一執此時’多數條 線13係分別作為另一偵測線使用i ^數條弟二電極 下面將具體說明描述觸控偵測条站^ + 铨屮掇細1S1 *广…煩測糸、、先18包含一三態閉輸入/ “比㈣鳇，：’j模組182、—偵測電壓源183、-奐器184、一記憶體模組185及一輸出介面⑽。 中閘輸入/輸出模組181包含多個三態閘咖齡 a e)以为別作為訊號輸入單元及訊號輸出單元之一 一三 態閘具有邏輯“〇，，、邏輯“Γ，及高阻抗三種輸出狀態。多個第: 電極線12係透過切換開關模址16柄接至觸控债測系統以之 二態閘輸人/輪出模組⑻，多個第三電極線13亦係減至觸 控偵測系統18之三態閘輸入/輸出模組181。時序控制模組182 係用以產生時序訊號控制三態閘輸入/輸出模組181之輸入輸 出操作；偵測電壓源183係用以透過三態閘輸入/輸出模組181 向多個第二電極線12或多個第三電極線13以逐行掃瞄方式提 供一偵測電壓；類比數位轉換器184係用以將多個第二電極線 12及多個第三電極線13兩者中之另一者透過三態閘輸入/輸出 模組181輸入之偵測電訊訊號轉換成數位訊號；記憶體模組 185麵接至時序控制模組ι82及類比數位轉換器184，用以接 收並儲存時序訊號及數位訊號，以蒐集觸控位置座標；輸出介 面186係用以輸出儲存於記憶體模組U5.之時序訊號及數位訊 號。 7 1375902 ： 182 =使得偵測電麵183以逐行掃“ 棱供偵測電壓；此時序訊號同步被傳 電極線 提供有此制電壓的“13759.02. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a bistable display device, and more particularly to a touch bistable display device. [Prior Art] Press, the computer is usually used to process and store large amounts of data. However, due to its own size, weight, and operation, it is difficult for a computer to be easily carried and read like a paper print. The electronic paper display device is proposed in consideration of the convenience of carrying and reading of the printed matter of the paper, the data processing capability of the computer, the environmental protection and the low power consumption. For details, see the US Patent Publication No. 20080062506, the disclosure of which is here. Reference. The electronic paper display device is a bi-stable display device mainly comprising a microcapsule electrophoretic, a Gyricon b ead and a Cholesteric Liquid Crystal. There are three types of paper display devices. For the bistable display device, it has an inherent bistable characteristic, that is, when an image is written, it is not necessary to input additional power, and the image is always retained. At present, the resistive touch panel can be combined with an electronic paper display device to form a touch-sensitive electronic paper display device because of its thin thickness, small size, and low power consumption. The touch-sensitive electronic paper display device allows the user to directly input on the display screen, which greatly improves the user's operation convenience. However, the conventional resistive touch panel uses a type of analog converter (A/D Converter) to convert the detected differential voltage into a digital signal, and then a microprocessor directly processes the digital signal output from the analog digital converter. In order to calculate the touch position coordinate value, such a conventional resistive touch panel can only perform the single point coordinate value at a time. When the multi-touch is used, it cannot correctly capture the multi-point coordinate value. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a touch-type bistable display device capable of implementing multi-touch detection in 3 1375902. The invention provides a touch-type bistable device comprising a plurality of :: electrode lines, a plurality of second electrode lines, a plurality of third electrode lines, a switch wheel set, and a touch detection system. The plurality of first electrode lines are respectively used as gate lines, and the plurality of second electrode lines are intersected with the first electrode lines and can be divided into: a knife-changing ground as a source line and a first line; and a plurality of third electrodes The first &<! electrode line parent fork is set and the first electrode line and the second electrode line electrical first electrode line are located between the third electrode line and the first electrode line, the third electrical system is different As the second detection line. The touch-side system includes a three-state closed-wheel two-output module, a timing control module, a voltage source, a digital signal, a W-channel, a memory module, and an output interface. The second electrode line is switched: the first electrode is connected to the two-state gate input/output module, the third electrode line is connected to the three-output module, and the timing control module is used to generate the timing signal control/rounding Input and output operation of the module; 4 贞 屡 屡 屡 屡 屡 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Voltage; digital signal generating circuit is used to enter the second and the other of the i line and the wide electrode line is output through the three-state gate output, and the side electric number of the reading person is converted into a digital signal; The module j is connected to the timing control module and the digital signal generating circuit for connecting the memory number to the touch position coordinate of the first set; the output interface C outputs the timing signal and the digital signal stored in the memory module. In the embodiment of the present invention, the touch detection system is configured by the structure of the touch predicate system, and the remaining single or multiple touch positions are accommodating the modal _ to facilitate the correct correcting of the touch position coordinates. In the prior art, it is difficult to correct defects in the multi-touch (fourth), and the second electrode line can be switched between the source line of the second=4 13,75902 » and the line for performing the touch (four) measurement function, so that the touch can be made. The controlled bistable display device has a lower manufacturing cost. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent. The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the accompanying drawings. The directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, for example, up, down, left, right, • or after, etc. only refer to the direction of the attached force π pattern. Therefore, the directional terminology used is intended to be illustrative of the invention. Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a touch-type bistable display device 1G of the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of first-electrode lines 11 (only one strip is shown in FIG. 2 as an example), and a plurality of strips The second electrode line 12, the plurality of third electrode lines 13, a gate driving circuit (not shown), the source driving circuit 14, the switching module 16 and a touch detection system 18. The plurality of second electrode lines 12 are switchably coupled to one of the source driving circuit 14 and the touch detection system 18 through the switch module 16; the plurality of third electrode lines 13 are coupled to the test _ System 18. m As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the first electrode line 11, the second electrode line 12, and the third electrode line 13 may be formed on a substrate 2 by a semiconductor process. The first electrode line 11 and the second electrode line 12 are disposed to overlap each other (e.g., substantially orthogonal), and are electrically insulated from each other by an insulating layer 21 located therebetween. A plurality of thin film electrodes, the body 23 (only one of which is shown as an example in FIG. 2) is disposed adjacent to the intersection of the first electrode line u and the second electrode line 12 and electrically coupled to the first electrode line 11 and the second electrode line. Specifically, the gate G of each of the thin film transistors 23 is coupled to a first electrode line 11 adjacent thereto, and the drain D is coupled to an adjacent 5 丄 / :) y, U2 The r electrode line 12 has its source S-system surface connected to a corresponding pixel electrode Q (not shown). The two electrode lines 13 are located on the first electrode line 11 and the second electrode line 12, and the insulating layer 22 between the second electrode line 12 and the second electrode line 12 is electrically connected to each other; The line 12 is located between the first electrode line n and the third electrode, and the first electrode line 11 is usually coupled to the gate driving circuit. The i m and the second electrode line 12 are arranged to intersect each other' bistable display for display, and the second band can be disposed above the third electrode and the line 13. The bistable display layer 15 can be an electronic display layer, which can include an electrophoretic layer and a transparent electrode layer on the side of the electrophoretic layer that faces away from the first variable side. It can be understood that the electrophoretic layer also has a more twisted spherical layer or a cholesteric liquid crystal layer. The direction of the flatness and the direction in which the first electrode line 11 extends are substantially orthogonal to the direction in which the electrode line 12 extends. Each of the second electrodes rd, between the pole lines 12 (ie, the third electrode line 13 and the first: the applied line is a lightning saw 4, -, J, the downward deflection and the second electrode line 12, The corresponding hollow structure (3) of the third electrode line 13 can be opposite to the first bump 131. In addition, the structure of the second electrode line 13 is appropriately changed by those skilled in the art, and the force can be downward when the mouth force is applied thereto. Pulling February: The purpose of achieving - outside can be. Le-electrode wire 12 forms electrical contact. The embodiment of the present invention utilizes bistable display mountability. When it is necessary to write an electronic image, the switch is stabilized. The two electrode lines 12 are switched to be electrically coupled to the switching mode, and 16 pairs the plurality of bistable displays to be electrically charged: r===4', when the touch type is used, a plurality of first electrode lines " A plurality of second electrodes 6 1375902 * gate lines and source lines are used. When the electrons, the switch module I6 turns a plurality of second electrode lines P: two, then the switching system 18 is used to make the touch The bistable display knife is electrically connected to the detection control to the next electronic image writing, and the second electrode is in the state of the touch preparation state. Line 12 is used as a license at this time. 'Most lines 13 are used as another detection line. i ^ Number of brothers and two electrodes. The following description will describe the touch detection station ^ + 铨屮掇 fine 1S1 * wide ... annoying 糸, first 18 includes a three-state closed input / "比(四) 鳇,: 'j module 182, - detection voltage source 183, - 184, a memory module 185 and an output interface (10) The middle gate input/output module 181 includes a plurality of three-state gate ages ae), so that one of the signal input unit and the signal output unit has a logic "〇,,, logic", and high impedance. Output state. Multiple: The electrode line 12 is connected to the touch debt measurement system through the switch switch module 16 to the two-gate input/wheel module (8), and the plurality of third electrode lines 13 are also reduced to The three-state gate input/output module 181 of the touch detection system 18 is used to generate the timing signal to control the input and output operations of the three-state gate input/output module 181; the detection voltage source 183 is used. Passing through the three-state gate input/output module 181 to the plurality of second electrode lines 12 or the plurality of third electrode lines 13 in a row-by-row manner The scanning mode provides a detection voltage; the analog digital converter 184 is configured to pass the other of the plurality of second electrode lines 12 and the plurality of third electrode lines 13 through the three-state gate input/output module 181. The input detection signal is converted into a digital signal; the memory module 185 is connected to the timing control module ι82 and the analog digital converter 184 for receiving and storing the timing signal and the digital signal to collect the touch position coordinates; The interface 186 is used for outputting the timing signal and the digital signal stored in the memory module U5. 7 1375902 : 182 = Detecting the electrical surface 183 to scan the edge for detecting the voltage; the timing signal is synchronously transmitted. The line is provided with the voltage of this system.
位：ΐ?順序地透過三態間輸入/輪出模組181向類比L 福:則费益184 H貞測電訊訊號’由類比數位轉換器184將此 存叫n^、ff數位訊號並傳送至記憶體模組⑻儲 二？曰不當刖被偵測的第三電極線13的位置。藉此，可： 參數之改變1電訊訊號可表示·、電流或電阻等電學 當然’本領域技術人員可以理解的是，亦可使偵測電壓源 183 U逐行掃瞎方式向多個第三電極線13提供制電壓相 二匕由多個第二電f線12順序地透過三態閘輸入/輸出模組 ° ,i比數位轉換器184輸入價測電訊訊號；其同樣可以 成本發明之目的。 運 進-步的，儲存於記髓模組m巾的時序訊號及數位气 ，可透過輸出介面186輸入至輕接於輸出介面186之一微處理 器19/由微處理器19進行内部處理後產生一控制訊號以控 雙穩態顯示層15之顯示。 本發明實施例之類比數位轉換器184亦可變更為其他數 位訊號產生電路，例如圖5所示的一特定電壓位準電路 (Parhcular Voltage Level Circuit，PVLC) 284，其輸出為邏 “0”及邏輯“Γ二者擇一。 8 1375902 如圖6所示，其為特定電壓位準 構舉例。特定電壓位準電路 ^體電路結 端獅、-電阻R及_電晶趙之；^ 1地 端，其汲極輕接至電源端VDD，盆源極透過雷作為輸入 地端GND :源極與電阻R之間的節點N俜作^ 2接至Ϊ 輸1的類比電歷大於電晶體τ之間值^端1 於電晶體τ之閾值電壓時， τ 類比電壓小 邏輯‘‘〇，，。 # I0曰體Τ截止’輪出端之輸出為 〜斤述，在本發明藉由觸控谓測系統之結構配置，可執 二夕，貞測，並將偵測到之單個或多個觸控位置座置』 取ΐ而^於後續之觸控位置座標的;確掘 座f月I存在之多點觸控時難以正確齡多點 式雙穩態顯示⑽較低：造力線 用本發财述實關之觸控侧_ 18並不限於岸 控式12兼作執行觸控债測功能的债測線之觸 大雙獅顯不裝f 1G’其可亦應 g線=執行顯示功能之閘極線及源 的觸控式液關躺其他非雙穩態顯稀置，例如習知 本=然f發明已以較佳實施觸露如上，然其並非用以限定 内^可热習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍 附之田φΓΓ二許之更動與卿’因此本發明之保護範圍當視後 寸之申睛專利範圍所界定者為準。 9 1375902 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本發明實施例提出的觸控式雙穩態顯示裝置之功 能模塊圖。 圖2示出本發明實施例之第一、第二及第三電極線之相互 位置關係。 圖3係圖2所示結構沿剖面線III-III的一剖面示意圖。 圖4係本發明實施例提出的一種觸控偵測系統之功能模 塊圖。 圖5係本發明實施例提出的另一種觸控偵測系統之功能 籲模塊圖。 圖6係本發明實施例提出的一種特定電壓位準電路之電 路結構圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 :觸控式雙穩態顯示裝置 ' 11 :第一電極線 12 :第二電極線 13 :第三電極線 φ 131 :凸塊 133:中空結構 14 :源極驅動電路 15 :雙穩態顯示層 16 :切換開關模組 18 :觸控偵測系統 181 :三態閘輸入/輸出模組 182 :時序控制模組 183 :偵測電壓源 13,75902 184 :類比數位轉換器 185 :記憶體模組 186 :輸出介面 19 ： 微處理器 20 ： 基底 21 ： 絕緣層 22 ： 絕緣層 23 ： 薄膜電晶體 284 :特定電壓位準電路 T : 電晶體 R ： 電阻 N ： 節點 VDD :電源端 GND :接地端 G:薄膜電晶體之閘極 D:薄膜電晶體之汲極 S:薄膜電晶體之源極Bits: ΐ? sequentially through the tri-state input/round-out module 181 to the analog L: then the fee 184 H is measured by the telecommunication signal 'by the analog-to-digital converter 184 to store the n^, ff digital signals and transmit To the memory module (8) to store two?曰 Improperly detecting the position of the third electrode line 13. Therefore, the parameter can be changed: the telecommunication signal can represent the electric current, the current, or the electric resistance. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that the detection voltage source 183 U can be bounced to the third and third. The electrode line 13 provides a voltage phase 2, and the plurality of second electric f-lines 12 sequentially pass through the tri-state gate input/output module. The i-bit converter 184 inputs the price measurement telecommunication signal; the same can be used for the purpose of the invention. . The timing signal and the digital gas stored in the memorandum module m towel can be input through the output interface 186 to the microprocessor 19 that is lightly connected to the output interface 186/internal processing by the microprocessor 19. A control signal is generated to control the display of the bistable display layer 15. The analog-to-digital converter 184 of the embodiment of the present invention can also be changed to other digital signal generating circuits, such as a specific voltage level circuit (PVLC) 284 shown in FIG. 5, whose output is logic "0" and Logic "Γeither choice. 8 1375902 As shown in Figure 6, it is a specific voltage level quasi-configuration example. The specific voltage level circuit ^ body circuit junction lion, - resistance R and _ electro-crystal Zhao Zhi; ^ 1 ground The terminal is lightly connected to the power supply terminal VDD, and the source of the basin is transmitted through the lightning as the input ground GND: the node N between the source and the resistor R is connected to the analog electrician of the transmission 1 is larger than the transistor τ When the value of ^ is 1 at the threshold voltage of the transistor τ, the τ analog voltage is small logic ''〇,. # I0 曰 Τ Τ '''''''''''''''' The structure configuration of the pre-measurement system can be executed on the eve of the test, and the single or multiple touch positions can be detected and taken over by the subsequent touch position coordinates; It is difficult to correct multi-point bistable display when multi-touch is present (10): the power line is described in this financial statement. The touch side _ 18 is not limited to the shore control type 12 and the bond measurement line that performs the touch debt measurement function. The big double lion display does not install f 1G', which can also be g line = the gate line and source for performing the display function. The touch-type liquid is closed to other non-bistable display, for example, the conventional invention has been exposed as described above by a preferred embodiment, but it is not intended to limit the internal use of the skilled person. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the invention. 9 1375902 [Simplified illustration] Figure 1 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the first, second, and third electrode lines in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view showing the relationship between the first and second electrodes of the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a functional block diagram of a touch detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a function of another touch detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a specific voltage proposed in the embodiment of the present invention. Circuit diagram of the quasi-circuit. [Main component symbol description] 10: Touch type bistable display device '11: First electrode line 12: Second electrode line 13: Third electrode line φ 131: Bump 133: Hollow Structure 14: source drive circuit 15: bistable display layer 16: switch module 18: touch detection system 181: three-state gate input/output module 182: timing control module 183: detection voltage source 13 , 75902 184 : analog-to-digital converter 185 : memory module 186 : output interface 19 : microprocessor 20 : substrate 21 : insulating layer 22 : insulating layer 23 : thin film transistor 284 : specific voltage level circuit T : transistor R : Resistor N : Node VDD : Power supply GND : Ground terminal G: Thin film transistor gate D: Thin film transistor drain S: Source of thin film transistor