、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種可變風速蓄熱式焚化爐及其控制 方法，尤指一種將每一蓄熱槽分隔出至少二蓄熱室，且令 每一蓄熱室之進氣與出氣狀態被獨立控制，進而控制每一 蓄熱槽内部可供氣流通過之總面積之設計者。 【先前技術】 按，生活和生産中廣泛應用的有機溶劑，在室溫下易 揮發成氣體，故又名揮發性有機物（Volatile Organic Compounds，VOCs)，而多數的VOCs對人體有一定毒性，必 須加以處理；另，由空氣品質監測資料顯示，VOCs及NOx 等臭氣前驅物質與光反應所產生的臭氧，有取代懸浮微粒 成為影響空氣污染指數（PSI)的主要污染物的現象，故加強 管制VOCs排放乃為目前空氣污染防治重點之一；然而，焚 化法為VOCs廢氣處理方式之一種，在適當條件下之VOCs 去除率可達99%以上，燃燒後之產物通常為水、二氧化碳、 氮氧化物、硫氧化物…等，故為一種可有效處理廢氣中所 含之VOCs及臭氣之方法。 次按，VOCs通常會採用蓄熱式焚化爐（Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer，RT0)予以焚化，而如第一圖所示，常 見之蓄熱式焚化爐為雙蓄熱槽式，其至少包括雙蓄熱槽 (11a、lib)、進氣控制設備（12)、燃燒室（13)及溫度控制 設備（14)，並於雙蓄熱槽（11a、lib)内填充石質或陶瓷蓄 熱材料，且溫度控制設備（14)將爐頭（141)設置於燃燒室 1363853 (13)内。而其操作包含兩步驟：步轉1 :將廢氣藉由進氣控 制設備⑽導入-蓄熱槽⑴a)預熱至_定溫度，然後通過 燃燒室（13)之火健燒後再進人另—f熱槽⑴b)，燃燒後 之南溫氣流會將蓄㈣cm)加熱，亦即氣流之高溫會轉移 儲存於蓄熱槽（lib)之蓄熱材料中；步驟2:待經過所設定 之時間後，該進氣控制設備（12)則改將廢氣導入已蓄熱之 蓄熱槽（lib)預熱，再經燃燒室（13)後進入已冷卻之蓄熱槽 (11a)，氣流之高溫可再轉移儲存於蓄熱槽（Ua)中，而完 成一循環熱交換。 然而，由於導入蓄熱槽之廢氣風量，會因氣體來源製 程之轉換而隨機變化，但習知之蓄熱式焚化爐乃依氣體來 源製程之常態風量設計其蓄熱槽流速（通常為丨.〇〜 2_ Om/s)，不過當焚化爐所需處理之氣體風量較常態風量低 過一疋程度之際（低風量負載），將致使導入蓄熱槽之風速 低於最低紊流（Turbulent Flow)流速，而一旦風速低於最 低紊流流速即進入層流（Lam丨nar f丨〇w)或過渡流之範圍（層 流與紊流之分界點可以用雷諾數來界定，不再詳述），廢氣 在蓄熱槽内之停滞時間就會過長，造成蓄熱槽之熱交換效 果變成極差’蓄熱槽内之蓄熱材料易被欲處理氣體所含有 之粒狀物阻塞’甚至是廢氣在蓄熱槽内就開始燃燒，廢氣 通過之風速越低’其在蓄熱槽内之燃燒程度就越高，而使 得蓄熱材料過溫損壞 '氮氧化物衍生濃度過高（燃燒停滯時 間越長或溫度越高均會導致氮氧化物衍生濃度過高）…等 問題；因此’習知之解決方法，係引入外氣俾以提升風速， 但會造成燃料之無謂浪費。 -4 - 1363853 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的，係欲解決先前技術會因低風量負 載造成熱交換效果極差、蓄熱材料易被阻塞且過溫損壞、 氮氧化物衍生濃度過高之問題，而具有將風速穩定控制於 I流狀態’俾以提升熱交換效能、減少蓄熱槽過溫、降低 氮氧化物產生量及安全性之功效。 本發明之另-目的，則具有風速控制彈性且簡便之功 效0[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a variable wind speed regenerative incinerator and a control method thereof, and more particularly to a method of separating each heat storage tank from at least two regenerators, and making each regenerator The intake and outlet states are independently controlled to control the designer of the total area available for airflow within each of the regenerators. [Prior Art] Organic solvents, widely used in life and production, are easily volatilized into gases at room temperature, so they are also known as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Most VOCs are toxic to humans and must be toxic. In addition, the air quality monitoring data shows that ozone generated by the reaction of odor precursors such as VOCs and NOx with light has replaced the suspended particles as a major pollutant affecting the air pollution index (PSI), so the regulation is strengthened. VOCs emissions are one of the current air pollution control priorities; however, the incineration method is one of the VOCs waste gas treatment methods. Under appropriate conditions, the removal rate of VOCs can reach over 99%. The products after combustion are usually water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. A substance, sulfur oxide, etc., is a method for effectively treating VOCs and odors contained in exhaust gas. Sub-press, VOCs are usually incinerated using a Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RT0). As shown in the first figure, the common regenerative incinerator is a double regenerator tank, which includes at least a double regenerator (11a, Lib), air intake control device (12), combustion chamber (13) and temperature control device (14), and filled with stone or ceramic heat storage material in the double heat storage tank (11a, lib), and temperature control equipment (14) The burner (141) is placed in the combustion chamber 1363853 (13). The operation comprises two steps: Step 1: The exhaust gas is preheated to a predetermined temperature by the intake control device (10), the heat storage tank (1) a), and then enters the heat through the combustion chamber (13). f hot tank (1) b), after the combustion, the south temperature airflow will heat up (four) cm), that is, the high temperature of the airflow will be transferred to the heat storage material stored in the heat storage tank (lib); Step 2: After the set time has elapsed, The air intake control device (12) preheats the exhaust gas into the regenerative heat storage tank (lib), and then enters the cooled heat storage tank (11a) through the combustion chamber (13), and the high temperature of the air flow can be transferred and stored in the heat storage. In the tank (Ua), a cycle of heat exchange is completed. However, since the amount of exhaust gas introduced into the heat storage tank varies randomly due to the conversion of the gas source process, the conventional regenerative incinerator designs the heat storage tank flow rate according to the normal air volume of the gas source process (usually 丨.〇~ 2_ Om/ s), but when the amount of gas to be treated by the incinerator is less than the normal air volume (low air load), the wind speed introduced into the heat storage tank will be lower than the lowest turbulent flow rate, and once the wind speed is low At the lowest turbulent flow rate, ie into the laminar flow (Lam丨nar f丨〇w) or the transitional flow range (the boundary between laminar flow and turbulent flow can be defined by Reynolds number, no longer detailed), the exhaust gas is in the heat storage tank The stagnation time will be too long, causing the heat exchange effect of the heat storage tank to become extremely poor. The heat storage material in the heat storage tank is easily blocked by the granules contained in the gas to be treated. Even the exhaust gas starts to burn in the heat storage tank. The lower the wind speed is, the higher the degree of combustion in the heat storage tank, and the excessive thermal damage of the heat storage material. The nitrogen oxide derivatization concentration is too high (the longer the combustion stagnation time or the temperature The higher the rate, the higher the concentration of nitrogen oxides is. The problem is that the conventional solution is to introduce an external gas to increase the wind speed, but it will cause unnecessary waste of fuel. -4 - 1363853 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the prior art may have poor heat exchange effect due to low air load, easy to be blocked by the heat storage material, excessive temperature damage, and excessive concentration of nitrogen oxides. It has the effect of stably controlling the wind speed in the I-flow state to improve heat exchange efficiency, reduce overheating of the heat storage tank, and reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides generated and safety. Another object of the present invention is that the wind speed control is flexible and simple and effective.
為達上述功效，本發明之結構特徵，係包括有： 一燃燒室； ，並以隔板將每一蓄 蓄熱室内部填充蓄熱 至少二蓄熱槽，連接於該燃燒室 熱槽分隔出至少二蓄熱室，而於每— 材料；In order to achieve the above-mentioned effects, the structural features of the present invention include: a combustion chamber; and each of the heat storage chambers is filled with a heat storage chamber by at least two heat storage tanks, and the heat exchanger is connected to the combustion chamber to separate at least two heat storage tanks. Room, and each material;
★ -氣流控制設備，將進、出氣f又接至該蓄熱槽之每 -蓄熱室，而於進氣管之上游端或出氣管之下游端設置有 風速或風量感測器，並於每一蓄熱室之進、出氣又管設置 有進出氣控㈣組，且㈣該風速或風量相器所感測之 風速或風量訊號，.藉-氣流控制器控制每―進出氣控制間 組之啟閉，俾以控制通過每-蓄熱室之氣流為 淨化氣流或無氣流，且令氣流流向於同—f熱槽之蓄熱室 必定相同；以及 —溫度控制設備，將爐頭設置於該燃燒室内，而於該 燃燒室内設置有至少-燃燒室溫度感應器，且根據該燃燒 室溫度感應器所感應之溫度訊號，由—溫度控制器控制該 燃燒室之溫度者。 -5 - 此外，該溫度控制設備進一步於每一蓄熱室内設置有 至少一蓄熱室溫度感應器’且將該溫度控制器連線至該氣 流控制器，而根據該蓄熱室溫度感應器所感應之溫度訊 號，控制每一蓄熱室之溫度β又，該蓄熱室内部填充之蓄 熱材料為石質或陶瓷材質，·該隔板為石質、陶竞或鋼鐵板 材質’而以石質或陶竞材質較佳。再者，該氣流控制設備 之每一進出氣控制閥組之啟閉狀態’得於同一蓄熱槽之不 同蓄熱至輪替。另者，該進出氣控制閥組為蝶閥（ButterHy valves)或提升閥（P〇ppet vaives)之組合或其混合組合。 然而，本發明之控制方法，係包括下列步騾： a·將每一蓄熱槽分隔出至少二蓄熱室； b.令每一蓄熱室之進出氣狀態被獨立控制，進而控制 每一蓄熱槽内部可供氣流通過之總面積； c·感測通過焚化爐之風量，並計算通過每一蓄熱室之 風速，當通過任-蓄熱室之廢氣風速低於最低奮流流速 時；或是感測蓄熱槽内之溫度，當任一蓄熱室之溫度過高 時；以及 d.即令部分蓄熱室進入封閉狀態，縮小每一蓄熱槽内 部可供氣流通過之總面積’致使通過開放狀態蓄熱室之氣 μ風速提升至最低蒼流流速以上或/及讓氣流停滯時間降 低者。 蓄熱室輪熱室進入封閉狀態，同-蓄熱槽之不 【實施方式】 本發明之結構係包括有： 首先，請參閱第二圖所示 一燃燒室（20); 至少二蓄熱槽（30、40)，連接於該燃燒室（20)，並以 隔板（31、41)將每一蓄熱槽（30、40)分隔出至少_二蓄熱室 (30a、3pb、40a、40b)，而於每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、 .40b)内部填充石質或陶瓷蓄熱材料，且該隔板（31、41)之 材質為石質、陶瓷或鋼鐵板，但以石質或陶瓷材質較佳（熱 膨脹係數及耐熱特性均與蓄熱室内部之蓄熱材料相近）； 一氣流控制設備（50)，將進、出氣管（51、52)叉接至 該蓄熱槽（30、40)之每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)， 而於進氣管（51)之上游端或出氣管（52)之下游端設置有風 速或風量感測器（M)，並於每一蓄熱室（3〇a、30b、40a、 40b)之進、出氣叉管設置有進出氣控制閥組（541、542、 543、544)，且根據該風速或風量感測器（53)所感測之風速 或風量訊號，藉一氣流控制器（54)控制每一進出氣控制閥 組（541、542、543、544)之啟閉，俾以控制通過每一蓄熱 室（30a、30b、40a、40b)之氣流為廢氣氣流或淨化氣流或 無氣流，且令氣流流向於同一蓄熱槽之蓄熱室必定相同， 諸如通過蓄熱室（30a、30b)之氣流，不能一為廢氣氣流而 另一淨化氣流，乃必定同為廢氣氣流或同為淨化氣流，或 是一有氣流通過而另一無氣流通過；以及 一溫度控制設備（60)，將爐頭（61)設置於該燃燒室（20) 内，而於該燃燒室（20)内設置有至少一燃燒室溫度感應器 (625)，並於每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)内設置有至 少一蓄熱室溫度感應器（621、622、623、624)，且根據該 燃燒室溫度感應器（625)與每一蓄熱室溫度感應器（621、 622、623、624)所感應之溫度訊號，由一連線至該氣流控 制器（54)之溫度控制器（62)，控制該燃燒室（20)與每一蓄 熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)之溫度者。 基於如是之構成，本發明之設計理念非常簡單，只要 以隔板（31、41)將每一蓄熱槽（30、40)分隔出至少二蓄熱 室（30a、30b、40a、40b)，再對應於每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、 40a、40b)配置個別控制之進出氣控制閥組（541、542、543、 544)與蓄熱室溫度感應器（621、622、623、624)，即可根 據每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)内部之風速大小或是 溫度狀態，控制進出氣控制閥組（541、542、543、544)之 啟閉數量（全部開啟或部分開啟而部分關閉），進而改變蓄 熱槽（30、40)内部可供氣流通過之總面積，並控制氣流於 蓄熱槽（30、40)之流向，讓蓄熱槽（30、40)之一導入廢氣 氣流而另一排出淨化氣流，且令通過每一蓄熱室（30a、 30b、40a、40b)之風速總是維持在紊流狀態，或藉由蓄熱 室溫度感應器（621、622、623、624)之監控，避免蓄熱室 過溫，而蓄熱槽（30、40)經過所設定之時間後其氣流流向 會予以切換。 是故，當所處理氣體之風量為常態之際，本發明之控 制方式與習知焚化爐幾乎完全相同（僅控制閥組數量較 多）；但當所處理氣體之風量較常態風量低過一定程度之 際，而致使通過蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a ' 40b)之停滯時間 過長或/及風速低於最低紊流流速，即讓進出氣控制閥組 (541、542、543、544)部分開啟而部分關閉（啟閉狀態得於 同一蓄熱槽之不同蓄熱室輪替），讓氣流僅能由部分之蓄熱 1363853 室（3〇a、30b、40a、40b)通過，亦即改變蓄熱槽（3〇、4〇) 内部可供氣流通過之總面積，令氣流停留於蓄熱室之停滯 時間縮短或/及風速總疋維持在奮流狀態；是以，具有提升 熱交換效能、減少蓄熱槽過溫、降低氮氧化物產生量及安 全性且控制彈性又簡便之功效。 綜上所述，本發明所揭示之技術手段，確具「新穎性」、 「進步性」及「可供產業利用」等發明專利要件，祈請鈞 局惠賜專利，以勵發明，無任德感。 惟，上述所揭露之圖式、說明，僅為本發明之較佳實 ^例’大凡熟悉此項技藝人士，依本案精神料所作之修 飾或等效變化，仍應包括本案申請專利範圍内。 1363853 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係習知雙槽式蓄熱焚化爐之結構說明圖。 第二圖係本發明之結構說明圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (lla、lib)蓄熱槽 (12) 進氣控制設備 (13) 燃燒室 (14) 溫度控制設備 (141)爐頭 (20)燃燒室 (30、40)蓄熱槽 (30a、30b、40a、40b)蓄熱室 (31、41)隔板 (50) 氣流控制設備 (51) 進氣管 (52) 出氣管 (5 3)風速或風量感測器 (54)氣流控制器 (541、542 ' 543、544)進出氣控制閥組 (60) 溫度控制設備 (61) 爐頭 (62) 溫度控制器 (621、622、623、624)蓄熱室溫度感應器 (625)燃燒室溫度感應器 -10 -★ - air flow control device, the inlet and outlet gas f are connected to each regenerator of the regenerator, and a wind speed or air volume sensor is arranged at the upstream end of the intake pipe or the downstream end of the air outlet pipe, and The inlet and outlet of the regenerator are provided with an inlet and outlet air control (4) group, and (4) the wind speed or air volume signal sensed by the wind speed or the air volume phase sensor. The air flow controller controls the opening and closing of each of the inlet and outlet gas control groups. To control the flow of air through each of the regenerators to purify or no flow, and to cause the flow to flow to the regenerator of the same-f hot tank must be the same; and - the temperature control device, the burner is placed in the combustion chamber, and At least a combustion chamber temperature sensor is disposed in the combustion chamber, and the temperature of the combustion chamber is controlled by a temperature controller according to a temperature signal sensed by the combustion chamber temperature sensor. -5 - further, the temperature control device further comprises at least one regenerator temperature sensor in each regenerator and connecting the temperature controller to the air flow controller, and sensing according to the regenerator temperature sensor The temperature signal controls the temperature β of each regenerator. The regenerative material filled in the regenerator is made of stone or ceramic material. The partition is made of stone, pottery or steel. The material is better. Further, the opening and closing state of each of the inlet and outlet control valve groups of the air flow control device is different from the same heat storage tank to the heat storage. In addition, the inlet and outlet control valve group is a combination of a butterfly valve (PutterHy valves) or a poppet valve (P〇ppet vaives) or a combination thereof. However, the control method of the present invention comprises the following steps: a. separating each heat storage tank from at least two regenerators; b. controlling the inlet and outlet states of each regenerator independently, thereby controlling the interior of each regenerator The total area through which the airflow can pass; c. senses the amount of wind passing through the incinerator and calculates the wind speed through each regenerator, when the exhaust gas velocity through the any-regenerator is below the minimum strid flow rate; or senses heat storage The temperature in the tank, when the temperature of any regenerator is too high; and d. that is, the part of the regenerator is closed, and the total area of the interior of each regenerator through which the airflow can pass is reduced, so that the gas passing through the open state regenerator The wind speed is increased above the minimum flow rate or / and the airflow stagnation time is reduced. The heat storage chamber wheel heat chamber enters a closed state, and the same-heat storage tank does not. [Embodiment] The structure of the present invention includes: First, please refer to a combustion chamber (20) shown in the second figure; at least two heat storage tanks (30, 40) connected to the combustion chamber (20), and partitioning each of the heat storage tanks (30, 40) with at least two regenerators (30a, 3pb, 40a, 40b) by means of partitions (31, 41) Each regenerator (30a, 30b, 40a, .40b) is internally filled with stone or ceramic heat storage material, and the partition (31, 41) is made of stone, ceramic or steel, but is made of stone or ceramic. Preferably, both the thermal expansion coefficient and the heat resistance characteristic are similar to the heat storage material inside the heat storage chamber; a gas flow control device (50) that forks the inlet and outlet gas pipes (51, 52) to each of the heat storage tanks (30, 40) a regenerator (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b), and a wind speed or air volume sensor (M) is disposed at an upstream end of the intake pipe (51) or at a downstream end of the air outlet pipe (52), and each heat storage The inlet and outlet gas pipes of the chambers (3〇a, 30b, 40a, 40b) are provided with inlet and outlet gas control valve groups (541, 542, 543, 544), and according to the wind speed The wind speed or air volume signal sensed by the air volume sensor (53) controls the opening and closing of each of the inlet and outlet gas control valve groups (541, 542, 543, 544) by an air flow controller (54), and controls each through each The airflow of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) is an exhaust gas flow or a purified air flow or no air flow, and the regenerators that flow the air flow to the same heat storage tank must be the same, such as the air flow through the regenerators (30a, 30b). One is the exhaust gas stream and the other purified gas stream is necessarily the same as the exhaust gas stream or the same as the purifying gas stream, or one has a gas flow through and the other has no gas flow; and a temperature control device (60) that will be the burner (61) The combustion chamber (20) is disposed in the combustion chamber (20), and at least one combustion chamber temperature sensor (625) is disposed in the combustion chamber (20), and is disposed in each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) At least one regenerator temperature sensor (621, 622, 623, 624) and a temperature signal induced by the combustion chamber temperature sensor (625) and each regenerator temperature sensor (621, 622, 623, 624) , by a connection to the temperature control of the air flow controller (54) The controller (62) controls the temperature of the combustion chamber (20) and each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b). Based on the configuration, the design concept of the present invention is very simple, as long as each heat storage tank (30, 40) is partitioned from at least two regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) by partitions (31, 41), and then corresponding Individually controlled intake and outlet control valve groups (541, 542, 543, 544) and regenerator temperature sensors (621, 622, 623, 624) are disposed in each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b). According to the wind speed or temperature state inside each regenerator (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b), the number of opening and closing of the inlet and outlet control valve group (541, 542, 543, 544) is controlled (all open or partially open) Close), thereby changing the total area of the heat storage tank (30, 40) through which the airflow can pass, and controlling the flow of the airflow in the heat storage tank (30, 40), allowing one of the heat storage tanks (30, 40) to be introduced into the exhaust gas stream and the other The purge gas stream is discharged, and the wind speed through each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) is always maintained in a turbulent state, or monitored by a regenerator temperature sensor (621, 622, 623, 624). To avoid overheating in the regenerator, and the heat storage tank (30, 40) passes the set time. After its air flow will be switched. Therefore, when the air volume of the treated gas is normal, the control method of the present invention is almost identical to the conventional incinerator (only a large number of control valve groups); however, when the air volume of the treated gas is lower than the normal air volume To the extent that the stagnation time through the regenerator (30a, 30b, 40a ' 40b) is too long or / and the wind speed is lower than the lowest turbulent flow rate, that is, the inlet and outlet control valve group (541, 542, 543, 544) Partially open and partially closed (opening and closing state is different from different regenerators in the same heat storage tank), so that the airflow can only be passed by part of the heat storage 1363853 (3〇a, 30b, 40a, 40b), that is, the heat storage tank is changed. (3〇, 4〇) The total area through which the airflow can pass, so that the stagnation time of the airflow staying in the regenerator is shortened or/and the wind speed is maintained in the state of the flow; therefore, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the heat storage tank is reduced. Over-temperature, reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides produced and safe, and control the flexibility and convenience. In summary, the technical means disclosed in the present invention have the invention patents such as "novelty", "progressiveness" and "available for industrial use", and pray for the patent to be invented by the bureau. German sense. However, the above-mentioned drawings and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention. Those skilled in the art who have familiar with the art, the modifications or equivalent changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should still be included in the scope of the patent application of the present application. 1363853 [Simple description of the drawings] The first figure is a structural explanatory diagram of a conventional double-tank type thermal storage incinerator. The second drawing is a structural explanatory view of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] (lla, lib) heat storage tank (12) Intake control device (13) Combustion chamber (14) Temperature control equipment (141) Furnace (20) Combustion chamber (30, 40) heat storage tank (30a , 30b, 40a, 40b) regenerator (31, 41) baffle (50) air flow control device (51) intake pipe (52) air outlet pipe (5 3) wind speed or air volume sensor (54) air flow controller ( 541, 542 ' 543, 544) Inlet and outlet control valve group (60) Temperature control equipment (61) Furnace head (62) Temperature controller (621, 622, 623, 624) Regenerator temperature sensor (625) Combustion chamber temperature Sensor-10 -