201038884 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種可變風速蓄熱式焚化爐及其控制 方法，尤指一種將每一蓄熱槽分隔出至少二蓄熱室，且令 每一蓄熱室之進氣與出氣狀態被獨立控制，進而控制每一 蓄熱槽内部可供氣流通過之總面積之設計者。 【先前技術】 ^ 按，生活和生産中廣泛應用的有機溶劑，在室溫下易 Ο 揮發成氣體，故又名揮發性有機物（Volatile Organic Compounds，VOCs)，而多數的VOCs對人體有一定毒性，必 須加以處理；另，由空氣品質監測資料顯示，VOCs及NOx 等臭氣前驅物質與光反應所產生的臭氧，有取代懸浮微粒 成為影響空氣污染指數（PSI)的主要污染物的現象，故加強 管制VOCs排放乃為目前空氣污染防治重點之一；然而，焚 化法為VOCs廢氣處理方式之一種，在適當條件下之VOCs 去除率可達99%以上，燃燒後之產物通常為水、二氧化碳、 〇 氮氧化物、硫氧化物…等，故為一種可有效處理廢氣中所 含之VOCs及臭氣之方法。 次按，VOCs通常會採用蓄熱式焚化爐（Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer，RT0)予以焚化，而如第一圖所示，常 見之蓄熱式焚化爐為雙蓄熱槽式，其至少包括雙蓄熱槽 (11a、lib)、進氣控制設備（12)、燃燒室（13)及溫度控制 設備（14)，並於雙蓄熱槽（11a、lib)内填充石質或陶瓷蓄 熱材料，且溫度控制設備（14)將爐頭（141)設置於燃燒室 201038884 (13)内。而其操作包含兩步驟：步驟1 :將廢氣藉由進氣控 制設備（12)導入一蓄熱槽（11a)預熱至一定溫度，然後通過 燃燒室（13)之火焰燃燒後再進入另一蓄熱槽（lib)，燃燒後 之高溫氣流會將蓄熱槽（lib)加熱，亦即氣流之高溫會轉移 儲存於蓄熱槽（lib)之蓄熱材料中；步驟2 :待經過所設定 之時間後，該進氣控制設備（12)則改將廢氣導入已蓄熱之 蓄熱槽（lib)預熱，再經燃燒室（13)後進入已冷卻之蓄熱槽 (11a)，氣流之高溫可再轉移儲存於蓄熱槽（11a)中，而完 _ 成一循環熱交換。 〇 然而，由於導入蓄熱槽之廢氣風量，會因氣體來源製 程之轉換而隨機變化，但習知之蓄熱式焚化爐乃依氣體來 源製程之常態風量設計其蓄熱槽流速（通常為1.0〜 2. Om/s)，不過當焚化爐所需處理之氣體風量較常態風量低 過一定程度之際（低風量負載），將致使導入蓄熱槽之風速 低於最低紊流（Turbulent Flow)流速，而一旦風速低於最 低蒼流流速即進入層流（Laminar flow)或過渡流之範圍（層 流與紊流之分界點可以用雷諾數來界定，不再詳述），廢氣 〇 在蓄熱槽内之停滯時間就會過長，造成蓄熱槽之熱交換效 果變成極差，蓄熱槽内之蓄熱材料易被欲處理氣體所含有 之粒狀物阻塞，甚至是廢氣在蓄熱槽内就開始燃燒，廢氣 通過之風速越低，其在蓄熱槽内之燃燒程度就越高，而使 得蓄熱材料過溫損壞、氮氧化物衍生濃度過高（燃燒停滯時 間越長或溫度越高均會導致氮氧化物衍生濃度過高）···等 問題；因此，習知之解決方法，係引入外氣俾以提升風速， 但會造成燃料之無謂浪費。 201038884 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的，係欲解決先前技術會因低風量負 載造成熱交換效果極差、蓄熱材料易被阻塞且過溫損壞、 氮氧化物衍生濃度過高之問題，而具有將風速穩定控制於 紊流狀態，俾以提升熱交換效能、減少蓄熱槽過溫、降低 氮氧化物產生量及安全性之功效。 .本發明之另一目的，則具有風速控制彈性且簡便之功 效。 Ο 為達上述功效，本發明之結構特徵，係包括有. 一燃燒室； 至少二蓄熱槽，連接於該燃燒室，並以隔板將每一蓄 熱槽分隔出至少二蓄熱室，而於每一蓄熱室内部填充蓄熱 材料； ’ 一氣流控制設備，將進、出氣管又接至該蓄熱槽之每 一蓄熱室，而於進氣管之上游端或出氣管之下游端設置有 風速或風量感測器，並於每一蓄熱室之進、出氣又管設置 〇 有進出氣控制閥組，且根據該風速或風量感測器所感測之 風速或風量訊號，藉一氣流控制器控制每一進出氣控制閥 蚊^ ’俾以㈣通過每-蓄熱室之紐為廢^流或 淨化氣流或無氣流，且令氣流流向於同一蓄熱槽之蓄熱室 必定相同；以及 一溫度控制設備，將爐頭設置於該燃燒室内，而於該 =室内設置有至少-燃燒室溫度感應器，且根據該燃燒 室溫度感應器所感應之溫度訊號，由一溫度控制器控制該 燃燒室之溫度者。 201038884 此外，該溫度控制設備進一步於每一蓄熱室内設置有 至少一蓄熱室溫度感應器，且將該溫度控制器連線至該氣 流控制器，而根據該蓄熱室溫度感應器所感應之溫度訊 號，控制每一蓄熱室之溫度。又，該蓄熱室内部填充之蓄 熱材料為石質或陶究材質；該隔板為石質、陶甍或鋼鐵板 材質，而以石質或陶瓷材質較佳。再者，該氣流控制設備 之每一進出氣控制閥組之啟閉狀態，得於同一蓄熱槽之不 同蓄熱室輪替。另者，該進出氣控制閥組為蝶閥（Butterfly 〇 valves)或提升閥（P〇PPet valves)之組合或其混合組合。 然而’本發明之控制方法’係包括下列步驟： a·將每一蓄熱槽分隔出至少二蓄熱室； b. 令每一蓄熱室之進出氣狀態被獨立控制，進而控制 每一蓄熱槽内部可供氣流通過之總面積； c. 感測通過焚化爐之風量，並計算通過每一蓄熱室之 風速，當通過任一蓄熱室之廢氣風速低於最低紊流流速 時；或是感測蓄熱槽内之溫度，當任一蓄熱室之溫度過高 時，以及 d. 即令部分蓄熱室進入封閉狀態，縮小每一蓄熱槽内 部可供氣流通過之總面積，致使通過開放狀態蓄熱室之氣 流，風速提升至最低紊流流速以上或/及讓氣流停滞時間 低者。 ％ 又，當部分蓄熱室進入封閉狀態，同一蓄熱槽之不同 蓄熱室輪替封閉。 ° 【實施方式】 首先，请參閱第二圖所示，本發明之結構係包括有. 201038884 一燃燒室（20); 至少二蓄熱槽（30、40)，連接於該燃燒室（20)，並以 隔板（31、41)將每一蓄熱槽（30、40)分隔出至少二蓄熱室 (30a、30b、40a、40b)，而於每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、 40b)内部填充石質或陶瓷蓄熱材料，且該隔板（31、41)之 材質為石質、陶瓷或鋼鐵板，但以石質或陶瓷材質較佳（熱 膨脹係數及耐熱特性均與蓄熱室内部之蓄熱材料相近）； 一氣流控制設備（50)，將進、出氣管（51、52)叉接至 該蓄熱槽（30、40)之每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)， 而於進氣管（51)之上游端或出氣管（52)之下游端設置有風 速或風量感測器（53)，並於每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、 40b)之進、出氣叉管設置有進出氣控制閥組（541、542、 543、544)，且根據該風速或風量感測器（53)所感測之風速 或風量訊號，藉一氣流控制器（54)控制每一進出氣控制閥 組（541、542、543、544)之啟閉，俾以控制通過每一蓄熱 室（30a、30b、40a、40b)之氣流為廢氣氣流或淨化氣流或 無氣流，且令氣流流向於同一蓄熱槽之蓄熱室必定相同， 諸如通過蓄熱室（30a、30b)之氣流，不能一為廢氣氣流而 另一淨化氣流，乃必定同為廢氣氣流或同為淨化氣流，或 是一有氣流通過而另一無氣流通過；以及 一溫度控制設備（60)，將爐頭（61)設置於該燃燒室（20) 内，而於該燃燒室（20)内設置有至少一燃燒室溫度感應器 (625)，並於每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)内設置有至 少一蓄熱室溫度感應器（621、622、623、624)，且根據該 燃燒室溫度感應器（625)與每一蓄熱室溫度感應器（621、 201038884 622、623、624)所感應之溫度訊號，由一連線至該氣流控 制器（54)之溫度控制器（62)，控制該燃燒室（20)與每一蓄 熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)之溫度者。 基於如是之構成，本發明之設計理念非常簡單，只要 以隔板（31、41)將每一蓄熱槽（30、40)分隔出至少二蓄熱 室（30a、30b、40a、40b)，再對應於每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、 40a、40b)配置個別控制之進出氣控制閥組（541、542、543、 544)與蓄熱室溫度感應器（621、622、623、624)，即可根 據每一蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)内部之風速大小或是 溫度狀態，控制進出氣控制閥組（541、542、543、544)之 啟閉數量（全部開啟或部分開啟而部分關閉），進而改變蓄 熱槽（30、40)内部可供氣流通過之總面積，並控制氣流於 蓄熱槽（30、40)之流向，讓蓄熱槽（30、40)之一導入廢氣 氣流而另一排出淨化氣流，且令通過每一蓄熱室（30a、 30b、40a、40b)之風速總是維持在紊流狀態，或藉由蓄熱 室溫度感應器（621、622、623、624)之監控，避免蓄熱室 過溫，而蓄熱槽（30、40)經過所設定之時間後其氣流流向 會予以切換。 是故，當所處理氣體之風量為常態之際，本發明之控 制方式與習知焚化爐幾乎完全相同（僅控制閥組數量較 多）；但當所處理氣體之風量較常態風量低過一定程度之 際，而致使通過蓄熱室（30a、30b、40a、40b)之停滯時間 過長或/及風速低於最低紊流流速，即讓進出氣控制閥組 (541、542、543、544)部分開啟而部分關閉（啟閉狀態得於 同一蓄熱槽之不同蓄熱室輪替），讓氣流僅能由部分之蓄熱 201038884 室（30a、30b、40a、40b)通過，亦即改變蓄熱槽（30、40) 内部可供氣流通過之總面積，令氣流停留於蓄熱室之停滯 時間縮短或/及風速總是維持在紊流狀態；是以，具有提升 熱交換效能、減少蓄熱槽過溫、降低氮氧化物產生量及安 全性且控制彈性又簡便之功效。 綜上所述，本發明所揭示之技術手段，確具「新穎性」、 「進步性」及「可供產業利用」等發明專利要件，祈請鈞 局惠賜專利，以勵發明，無任德感。 惟，上述所揭露之圖式、說明，僅為本發明之較佳實 施例，大凡熟悉此項技藝人士，依本案精神範疇所作之修 飾或等效變化，仍應包括本案申請專利範圍内。 201038884 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係習知雙槽式蓄熱焚化爐之結構說明圖。 第二圖係本發明之結構說明圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (lla、lib)蓄熱槽 (12) 進氣控制設備 (13) 燃燒室 〇 (14)溫度控制設備 (141)爐頭 (20)燃燒室 (30、40)蓄熱槽 (30a、30b、40a、40b)蓄熱室 (31、41)隔板 (50) 氣流控制設備 (51) 進氣管 (52) 出氣管 (53) 風速或風量感測器 (54) 氣流控制器 (541、542、543、544)進出氣控制閥組 (60) 溫度控制設備 (61) 爐頭 (62) 溫度控制器 (621、622、623、624)蓄熱室溫度感應器 (625)燃燒室溫度感應器 -10 -201038884 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a variable wind speed regenerative incinerator and a control method thereof, and more particularly to separating each heat storage tank from at least two regenerators and allowing each heat storage The air intake and outlet states of the chamber are independently controlled to control the designer of the total area available for airflow within each heat storage tank. [Prior Art] ^ According to the widely used organic solvents in life and production, it is easy to volatilize into gas at room temperature, so it is also known as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), and most VOCs are harmful to human body. It must be treated. In addition, air quality monitoring data show that ozone generated by the reaction of odor precursors such as VOCs and NOx with light has replaced the suspended particles as a major pollutant affecting the air pollution index (PSI). Strengthening the control of VOCs emissions is one of the current air pollution control priorities; however, the incineration method is one of the VOCs waste gas treatment methods. Under appropriate conditions, the VOCs removal rate can reach over 99%, and the products after combustion are usually water, carbon dioxide, Niobium oxide, sulfur oxides, etc., is a method for effectively treating VOCs and odors contained in exhaust gas. Sub-press, VOCs are usually incinerated using a Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RT0). As shown in the first figure, the common regenerative incinerator is a double regenerator tank, which includes at least a double regenerator (11a, Lib), air intake control device (12), combustion chamber (13) and temperature control device (14), and filled with stone or ceramic heat storage material in the double heat storage tank (11a, lib), and temperature control equipment (14) The burner (141) is placed in the combustion chamber 201038884 (13). The operation comprises two steps: Step 1: The exhaust gas is introduced into a heat storage tank (11a) by the air intake control device (12) to be preheated to a certain temperature, and then burned through the flame of the combustion chamber (13) before entering another heat storage. In the tank (lib), the high-temperature air after combustion will heat the heat storage tank (lib), that is, the high temperature of the air stream will be transferred to the heat storage material stored in the heat storage tank (lib); Step 2: After the set time has elapsed, The air intake control device (12) preheats the exhaust gas into the regenerative heat storage tank (lib), and then enters the cooled heat storage tank (11a) through the combustion chamber (13), and the high temperature of the air flow can be transferred and stored in the heat storage. In the tank (11a), and finished _ into a cyclic heat exchange. However, since the amount of exhaust gas introduced into the heat storage tank varies randomly due to the conversion of the gas source process, the conventional regenerative incinerator designs the heat storage tank flow rate according to the normal air volume of the gas source process (usually 1.0 to 2. Om/ s), but when the amount of gas to be treated by the incinerator is lower than the normal air volume (low air load), the wind speed introduced into the heat storage tank will be lower than the lowest turbulent flow rate, and once the wind speed is low At the lowest flow velocity, ie, the range of Laminar flow or transitional flow (the boundary between laminar and turbulent flow can be defined by Reynolds number, no longer detailed), the stagnation time of the exhaust gas in the heat storage tank is If it is too long, the heat exchange effect of the heat storage tank becomes extremely poor, and the heat storage material in the heat storage tank is easily blocked by the granular material contained in the gas to be treated, and even the exhaust gas starts to burn in the heat storage tank, and the wind speed of the exhaust gas passes through Low, the higher the degree of combustion in the heat storage tank, the overheating damage of the heat storage material, the excessive concentration of nitrogen oxides (the longer the combustion stagnation time or the temperature) High it will result in too high a concentration of nitrogen oxides derived) ????? problems; Thus, the conventional solutions, the external air introducing lines serve to enhance speed, but will cause unnecessary waste of fuel. 201038884 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the prior art may have poor heat exchange effect due to low air load, easy to be blocked by the heat storage material, over temperature damage, and excessive concentration of nitrogen oxides. The wind speed is stably controlled in the turbulent state, so as to improve the heat exchange efficiency, reduce the overheat of the heat storage tank, reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides generated, and the safety. Another object of the present invention is to have an elastic and simple effect of wind speed control. Ο In order to achieve the above effects, the structural features of the present invention include: a combustion chamber; at least two heat storage tanks connected to the combustion chamber, and partitioning each heat storage tank into at least two regenerators by a partition, and each a heat storage chamber is filled with a heat storage material; 'a gas flow control device connects the inlet and outlet pipes to each of the regenerators of the heat storage tank, and wind speed or air volume is disposed at an upstream end of the intake pipe or a downstream end of the gas outlet pipe The sensor and the inlet and outlet of each regenerator are provided with an inlet and outlet gas control valve group, and according to the wind speed or the wind volume signal sensed by the wind speed or the air volume sensor, each air flow controller is used to control each In and out of the air control valve mosquitoes ''(4) through each of the regenerators is a waste stream or purifying airflow or no airflow, and the airflow to the same heat storage tank must be the same; and a temperature control device, the furnace The head is disposed in the combustion chamber, and at least the combustion chamber temperature sensor is disposed in the chamber, and the combustion chamber is controlled by a temperature controller according to the temperature signal sensed by the combustion chamber temperature sensor. Temperature. 201038884 In addition, the temperature control device further includes at least one regenerator temperature sensor in each regenerator, and connects the temperature controller to the airflow controller, and according to the temperature signal sensed by the regenerator temperature sensor , control the temperature of each regenerator. Further, the heat storage material filled in the heat storage chamber is made of stone or ceramic material; the separator is made of stone, ceramic or steel, and is preferably made of stone or ceramic. Furthermore, the opening and closing state of each of the inlet and outlet control valve groups of the air flow control device is replaced by different heat storage chambers of the same heat storage tank. In addition, the inlet and outlet control valve group is a combination of a butterfly valve or a poppet valve (P〇PPet valves) or a combination thereof. However, the 'control method of the present invention' includes the following steps: a. separating each heat storage tank from at least two regenerators; b. making the inlet and outlet states of each regenerator independently controlled, thereby controlling the interior of each regenerator The total area through which the airflow passes; c. senses the amount of wind passing through the incinerator and calculates the wind speed through each regenerator, when the wind speed of the exhaust gas passing through any regenerator is below the minimum turbulent flow rate; or senses the heat storage tank The temperature inside, when the temperature of any regenerator is too high, and d. that part of the regenerator enters a closed state, reducing the total area available for airflow inside each regenerator, resulting in airflow through the open state regenerator, wind speed Increase to the lowest turbulent flow rate or / and let the airflow stagnation time is low. % Also, when some of the regenerators enter a closed state, the different regenerators of the same regenerator are closed. [Embodiment] First, referring to the second figure, the structure of the present invention includes: 201038884 a combustion chamber (20); at least two regenerators (30, 40) connected to the combustion chamber (20), And each of the heat storage tanks (30, 40) is partitioned by at least two regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) by partitions (31, 41), and in each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) The interior is filled with stone or ceramic heat storage material, and the material of the separator (31, 41) is stone, ceramic or steel plate, but it is preferably made of stone or ceramic material (the coefficient of thermal expansion and heat resistance are both inside the heat storage chamber). The heat storage material is similar; a gas flow control device (50), the inlet and outlet pipes (51, 52) are forked to each of the heat storage chambers (30, 30b, 40a, 40b) of the heat storage tank (30, 40), and A wind speed or air volume sensor (53) is disposed at an upstream end of the intake pipe (51) or at a downstream end of the air outlet pipe (52), and is in and out of each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) The fork pipe is provided with an inlet and outlet control valve group (541, 542, 543, 544), and the wind speed or wind sensed according to the wind speed or the air volume sensor (53) Signaling, controlling the opening and closing of each of the inlet and outlet control valve groups (541, 542, 543, 544) by an air flow controller (54) to control the air flow through each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) The regenerators that are the exhaust gas stream or the purifying gas stream or the no-gas stream, and that cause the gas stream to flow to the same regenerator, must be the same, such as the gas flow through the regenerators (30a, 30b), not the exhaust gas stream and the other purifying gas stream, which must be the same For the exhaust gas stream or the same as the purifying air stream, or one air flow through and the other no air flow; and a temperature control device (60), the burner (61) is disposed in the combustion chamber (20), and At least one combustion chamber temperature sensor (625) is disposed in the combustion chamber (20), and at least one regenerator temperature sensor (621, 622, 623) is disposed in each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b). And 624), and according to the temperature signal sensed by the combustion chamber temperature sensor (625) and each regenerator temperature sensor (621, 201038884 622, 623, 624), connected to the air flow controller (54) a temperature controller (62) that controls the combustion chamber (20) The temperature with each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b). Based on the configuration, the design concept of the present invention is very simple, as long as each heat storage tank (30, 40) is partitioned from at least two regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) by partitions (31, 41), and then corresponding Individually controlled intake and outlet control valve groups (541, 542, 543, 544) and regenerator temperature sensors (621, 622, 623, 624) are disposed in each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b). According to the wind speed or temperature state inside each regenerator (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b), the number of opening and closing of the inlet and outlet control valve group (541, 542, 543, 544) is controlled (all open or partially open) Close), thereby changing the total area of the heat storage tank (30, 40) through which the airflow can pass, and controlling the flow of the airflow in the heat storage tank (30, 40), allowing one of the heat storage tanks (30, 40) to be introduced into the exhaust gas stream and the other The purge gas stream is discharged, and the wind speed through each of the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) is always maintained in a turbulent state, or monitored by a regenerator temperature sensor (621, 622, 623, 624). To avoid overheating in the regenerator, and the heat storage tank (30, 40) passes the set time. After its air flow will be switched. Therefore, when the air volume of the treated gas is normal, the control method of the present invention is almost identical to the conventional incinerator (only a large number of control valve groups); however, when the air volume of the treated gas is lower than the normal air volume To the extent that the stagnation time through the regenerators (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) is too long or/and the wind speed is lower than the lowest turbulent flow rate, that is, the inlet and outlet control valve groups (541, 542, 543, 544) Partially open and partially closed (opening and closing state is different from different regenerators in the same heat storage tank), so that the airflow can only be passed by part of the heat storage 201038884 (30a, 30b, 40a, 40b), that is, the heat storage tank is changed (30) 40) The total area through which the airflow can pass, so that the stagnation time of the airflow staying in the regenerator is shortened or/and the wind speed is always maintained in the turbulent state; therefore, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the heat storage tank is overheated, and the temperature is reduced. The amount of nitrogen oxides produced and safe and controlled to be flexible and simple. In summary, the technical means disclosed in the present invention have the invention patents such as "novelty", "progressiveness" and "available for industrial use", and pray for the patent to be invented by the bureau. German sense. The drawings and descriptions disclosed above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art, which are subject to the spirit of the present invention, should be included in the scope of the patent application. 201038884 [Simple description of the diagram] The first diagram is a structural description of the conventional two-slot regenerative incinerator. The second drawing is a structural explanatory view of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] (lla, lib) heat storage tank (12) air intake control equipment (13) combustion chamber 〇 (14) temperature control equipment (141) burner (20) combustion chamber (30, 40) heat storage tank ( 30a, 30b, 40a, 40b) Regenerator (31, 41) Separator (50) Airflow control device (51) Intake pipe (52) Outlet pipe (53) Wind speed or air volume sensor (54) Air flow controller ( 541, 542, 543, 544) Inlet and outlet control valve group (60) Temperature control equipment (61) Furnace head (62) Temperature controller (621, 622, 623, 624) Regenerator temperature sensor (625) Combustion chamber temperature Sensor-10 -